A VISUAL DICTIONARY OF ARCHITECTURE aNfr CONTENTS [| vvarac 7 f ARCHITECTURE 9 =~ Force 9 PlasTic 192 ARCH FORTIFICATION. 96 PLATE 194 Pp BEAM 15 FOUNDATION 100 PLUMBING 196 : BRICK 18 FRAME 104 REINFORCED CONCRETE 202 - BUILDING 21 GEOMETRY 108 ROOF 208 i CABLE STRUCTURE 28 Glass 12 ROOM 246 : CEILING 30 HARDWARE 114 ‘SHELL 219 a CERAMIC 32 HEAT 17 SITEWORK 224 cHURCH 35 HistoRY 129 so 224 COLOR 38 HOUSE 136 SOLARENERGY 225 n COLUMN 40 JOINERY 140 SOUND 228 il CONCRETE 42 LIGHT 142 STAIR 233 CONSTRUCTION 48 LOAD 154 STONE 236 Hi DESIGN 52 (MASONRY 155 STRUCTURE 238 ; DOME 60 MATERIAL 161 SURVEY 246 is DOOR & MEASURE 166 TEMPLE 248, DRAWING 66 MEMBRANE 168 THEATER 256 ELECTRICITY 74 METAL 169 ‘TRUSS 259 5 ELEVATOR 80 MMOISTURE CONTROL 176 VAULT 262 } FASTENING 82 ‘ORDER 179 VISION 264 f FIREPLACE 87 ORNAMENT 182 WALL 266 n FIRE SAFETY 88 PAINT 187 ‘WINDOW 271 5 FLOOR 2 PLASTER 198 wooo. 276 INDEX 285eee — ; ~ nin orbencteeee A 204% VISUAL DICTIONARY ARCHITECTURE FRANCIS D.K. CHING VAN NOSTRAND REINHOLD ing! Thomson 1@P™ New Vouk ‘Mexico CyCopyright © 1995, 1997 by Van Nostrand Reinhold an International Thomson Publishing Company I@P? The ITP logo is a registered trademark used herein under license Frinted in the United States of America For more information, contact: Van Nostrand Reinhold Chapman & Hall GmbH 18 Fifth Avenue Fappelallee 5 ‘ New York, NY 10003 69469 Weinheim : Germany Chapman & Hall International Thomson Publishing Asia 2-6 Boundary Row 221 Henderson Road #05-10 London Henderson Building SEI BHN : Singapore O315 United Kingdom Thomas Neison Australia International Thomson Publishing Japan 102 Dodds Street Hirakawacho Kyowa Building, 3F South Melbourne, 3205 2-2-4 Hirakawacho Victoria, Australia Chiyoda-tu, 102 Tokyo Japan Nelson Canada Intemational Thomson Editores 1120 Birchmount Road Seneca 53 Scarborough, Ontario Col. Folanco Canada MIK 5G4 11560 Mexico O.F Mexico All rights reserved. No part of this work covered by the copyright hereon may be reproduced or used in any form or by atty meane—graphic, slectronic, or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, tap- ng, or information storage and retrieval eysteme—without the written permission of the publisher: 123456769 10 QEBKP O1 00 99 98 97 Libary of Congress Cataloging-In-Publication Data Ching, Frank, 1943- A visual dictionary of architecture / Francis D.K. Ching p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-442-02462-2 (paperback) ISBN 0-442-00904-G (hardcover) 1, Architecture—Dictionarles, 2, Picture dictionaries, English. |. Title, . NABLCA4 1994 95-1476 720'3—de20 crI ca fi eo q One picture is wortha thousand PREFACE ust a a single age cn beworcha hawsand words,a single word can conjure up nthe mies eye 2 ‘housand images, Regardless othe power cfagolitary word or image’ however, each communlcates menieg snore effectively whan brought {together ntoa Sal presentation. ‘he symbiotic relatlonship between graphic and verbal consmunication the basis forthisvisuadcronsry ot architecture, Instead of anaphabelaisingof erie astound nmose detonate, ‘the formation clustered aro basleaspectsoachcectueas Ceednetae oc Within esc secon nord are placed Ina sul conta which further cain clare, and conte thaemeanig. Thereader may use this lctionaryina ruber ofways.Ieneknews te ear ‘ermiand ante to find outs meaning then on can ook it up ine index. Looking up one term wl alnays presenc related terms aranged ‘around one or moreluserations, tone does nt know the precie tem, he one canloak up the general subject ether inthe table ofcontents ‘orthe index One can then refer to che appropiate section, browse the Slustrations, and scan for thetoms, Whlebrensing, fone encounters an entry ora word used Ina deftion ‘ats untanfar, one can ok up in the index Induded are furdamsental tems relating to architectural deegn, hotary, and technology. Since scchitecrar sa vial art, mastof the erties nataraly lend themselves ‘toaraphicrepresentatlon. Some are Imoreabstract hut are nuded to help clanty related terms orto complete the treatmentof subject, Others are inserted simply because ‘thayar of hotell increst, ‘This is. ook forthe croustia browse as welasa desttopreterence forte student of architecture, he compilation of words and defintions ‘enobintended tobe exhaustive, Rather the selection is designed to be comprehensive enough ta reflect ‘theric, comple, and rmutidimersioral nature of archcecture‘Archivecure(sanscifor al ole because a areconcered tht. —JobaBustn + Archtectare depends Ceterhrangenent Eugen Syrmety Prope. and Ecoromy. 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You mas lon th ons eater and use pve. of ek ethos ston adept. Oa teen won hed Bocas, stevie anmeasrble qs, eth spect exter tats ets Kahn + Blt canenshare cos proses: toskker rope aed hl attic and posession rom thleent, om humana al erie, an from eoperatrl pos: estableh pac to create a hana, cafe areata a prose and tency dsegrosswatta sessed adlcate stats andsoon.Thstheryhst architecture arebnstuiderstoni oe tates mer vo and cones oct cer. thebrealest sence toner Imports than climate, echrlogy. materials, nd economy ear tsi sh nap theses stor ieteiglechformothuldgs. Nos elastin becouse hls — vn appre hunle ulgs-aremoretan datarleectsorstrectres, hearst asl ceturpheamens Poplin eoirnnetts blr hey bld thm. Thsghs orders space, Un, acy, stabs. rls, ad bear ut hag pias agressos toes sve Exch seme themusfnnenn task beavorbyrenndg eopecthon aac how obehaveandnbtloeapectdol thon tisiportano stress that abt envonents bogs, ertslemens ndlandscapes reo ayof ordi the way moder stam le Te sonal tp. terra the onder or orga ofthe avromment-Ands Rapport + Rus sl Great win thr actevoyephecintheomasacrts, ta lnokol hte eds tha boko thnks andthe ok of the ar Ne oof thse boat canbe nderstaed ne wend eto others, bt the tee the ely srastortlyoreis thelist On he we thts had a say hicks tg the truths soy, aepechbya miter ofhorngorth stabs utenti shoudl thebuldags. Kemet + Werequot ryt that tc al ond dethe tngttmasetendedtodointhabestay that pel, snd ny tng ated ny nthe es wad th ck el ands us yspstece ater Iehasto door any. John ast + AreMectare aso exsts host ssny sstancettom aarchecand archers contin cvatebuldngs ich ae rot arclbectare. Monae» Architect odie iy contrary poole, forordary peor: Cerefore i shouldbe easly conpreensb to al. ~Steen Er Rasmussenarchitectore The proctor resto sci ural work badge, clectely and SCIENCE architecture. Astyleor method of blag chanced of peopl ae. o tne. of DESIGNING architecture Tee proessonc desgeg blangs and otter and CONSTRUCTING architecture Thconcioes act offering Ags resulting na unilnge BUILDINGS