QUA TRNH NHAN THC NG LOI XAY DNG PHAT NEN VAN HOA 1. Thi ky trc oi mi : a.

Quan iem, chu trng ve xay dng van hoa mi - e cng van hoa 1943 xac nh van hoa la mot trong ba mat tran(chnh tr, kinh te, van hoa) - e cng xac nh 3 nguyen tac cua nen VH la: Dan toc hoa, ai chung hoa, khoa hoc hoa - Ngay 3/9/1945 hoi ong chnh phu xac nh : . Cung vi diet giac oi, phai diet giac dot v dot lam suy yeu dan toc . au tranh chong thoi xau nh : li bieng, gian doi, tham o, ong thi giao duc ao c Can, kiem,liem, chnh - Ch th cua Ban Chap hanh TW ve khang chien kien quoc (11/1945) xac nh ng loi van hoa la : xay dng van hoa cu quoc (gan VH vi giai phong dan toc ), van hoa dan chu mi co tnh dan toc, tnh khoa hoc, tnh ai chung; phat trien giao duc.. - ai hoi III, IV, V cua ang xac nh : - ai hoi ang lan th III, IV, V xac nh xay dng nen va hoa mi co noi dung XHCN va tnh dan toc, tnh ang va tnh nhan dan b. Ket qua, y ngha, han che va nguyen nhan: * Ket qua va y ngha :

- a xoa bo tan d van hoa phong kien va nen van hoa no dch cua thc dan Phap, xay dng nen van dan chu mi vi tnh chat Dan toc, khoa hoc, ai chung - Hoan thanh xoa nan mu ch, phat trien he thong giao duc, trnh o van hoa chung cua xa c nang len ang ke - Hoat ong van hoa nghe thuat phat trien tren nhieu mat vi noi dung lanh manh, co vu quan chung trong chien au, san xuat, gop phan xay dng cuoc song mi va con ngi mi * Han che va nguyen nhan : - Cong tac t tng van hoa thieu sac ben, thieu tnh chien au - Viec xay dng the che van hoa con cham, thieu ong bo - S suy thoai ve ao c, loi song lam cho xa hoi phai lo lang - t co tac pham van hoc, nghe thuat tng xng vi tam voc cua Dan toc - Nhng han che tren do : + Chien tranh va c che ke hoach hoa, tap trung, quan lieu, bao cap a triet tieu ong lc e phat trien van hoa + Do cac cap lanh ao va nhan dan nhan cha nhan thc c vai tro cua van hoa + Do trnh o nen kinh te con thap kem, cha thuc ay van hoa phat trien

2. Thi ky oi mi :
a. Qua trnh oi mi t duy ve xay dng va phat trien nen van hoa : - ai hoi VI ( 1986) cua ang xac nh: khoa hoc ky thuat la ong lc thuc ay phat trien KT-XH - Cng lnh ( ai hoi VII nam 1991 ) chu trng xay dng nen van hoa tien tien am a ban sac dan toc - ai hoi VII, VIII, IX va cac ngh quyet trung ng khang nh : + Van hoa la nen tang tinh than xa hoi + Van hoa va la muc tieu va la ong lc cua phat trien + Coi giao duc ao tao va khoa hoc cong nghe la quoc sach hang au + Phat trien van hoa phai ong bo vi phat trien kinh te + Phat trien kinh te la nhiem vu trung tam, Xay dng ang la then chot, xay dng van hoa nen tang tinh than xa hoi phai gan ket vi nhau b. Quan iem ch ao ve xay dng va phat trien van hoa : Mot la : Van hoa la nen tang tinh than xa hoi, va la muc tieu va la ong lc thuc ay s phat trien kinh te xa hoi : - Van hoa co vai tro quan trong : + Van hoa la nen tang tinh than xa hoi + Van hoa cau thanh mot mat cua i song XH

+ Van hoa co quan he vi chnh tr, kinh te - Van hoa la ong lc thuc ay s phat trien : + Nguon lc noi sinh cua s phat trien cua Dan toc tham sau trong van hoa + S phat trien kinh te khong ch la s tien trien cua cac yeu to kinh te ma con do tac ong cua van hoa nh : s oi mi t duy, giai phong t tng, trnh o cua can bo c nang cao + S sang tao, tri thc, ban lnh t oi mi la cac yeu to e thuc ay kinh te- xa hoi phat trien.. + Trong nen kinh te th trng,van hoa da vao tieu chuan cai ung, cai tot, cai ep e hng dan va thuc ay ngi lao ong phat huy sang kien cai tien ky thuat, nang cao tay nghe .. Van hoa ng ai, vi nhng gia tr mi, se la nhng tien e e a at nc hoi nhap nen kinh te quoc te thuan li - Van hoa la mot muc tieu phat trien : + Muc tieu va ong lc chnh cua s phat trien la v con ngi, do con ngi + Tang trng kinh te gan vi tien bo, cong bang xa hoi, phat trien van hoa, bao ve moi trng + 1990 UNDP ( chng trnh phat trien cua lien hiep quoc ) a ra tieu ch anh gia mc o phat trien cua mot quoc gia ngoai tieu ch ve tuoi tho, thu nhap bnh quan, con co tieu ch thanh tu giao duc Hai la : Nen van hoa ma chung ta xay dng la nen van hoa tien tien am a ban sac dan toc :

- Van hoa tien tien : la yeu nc va tien bo ma noi dung cot loi : + oc lap dan toc va chu ngha xa hoi theo chu ngha Mac- Lenin va t tng Ho Ch Minh + Hien ai ve hnh thc bieu hien va phng tien chuyen tai noi dung - Ban sac dan toc : Bao gom nhng gia tr van hoa truyen thong ben vng cua cong ong cac dan tocViet nam c vun ap qua lch s hang ngan nam dng nc va gi nc nh : + Long yeu nc nong nan, y ch t lc, t cng dan toc + Tinh than oan ket, y thc cong ong gan ket ca nhan gia nh lang xa To quoc + Nhan ai, khoan dung, trong ngha tnh, ao ly + Can cu, sang tao trong lao ong + Tinh te trong ng x, gian d trong loi song + Ban sac dan toc con the trong cac hnh thc bieu hien mang tnh dan toc + Ban sac dan toc the hien trong tat ca cac lnh vc cua i song xa hoi : cach t duy, cach song, cac dng nc, gi nc, cach sang tao Ba la: Nen van hoa Viet Nam la nen van hoa thong nhat ma da dang trong cong ong cac dan toc Viet Nam: - Thong nhat bao ham ca tnh a dang, a dang trong s thong nhat, thong nhat khong co s ong hoa hoac thon tnh - Thong nhat ma a dang la s quyen hoa bnh ang, s phat trien oc lap cua van hoa cac dan toc anh em cung chung song tren at nc VN

- Cac gia tr sac thai cua cac dan toc bo sung cho nhau lam phong phu nen van hoa Viet Nam, tang cng s thong nhat Bon la : Xay dng va phat trien van hoa la s nghiep chung cua toan dan do ang lanh ao, trong o oi ngu tr thc gi vai tro quan trong: - Xay dng , phat trien van hoa la s nghiep chung cua toan dan ( Tnh ai chung ) trong o giai cap cong nhan, nong dan, tr thc la lc lng nong cot - S nghiep xay dng van hoa cua nc nha phai do ang lanh ao , nha nc quan ly - Coi trong giao duc- khoa hoc cong nghe : ve noi dung, chuyen dan sang mo hinh GD m, xa hoi hoa DG, phat he thong giao duc nghe, hp tac quoc te Nam la : Van hoa la mot mat tran, xay dng va phat trien van hoa la mot s nghiep cach mang lau dai, oi hoi phai co y ch va s kien tr, than trong :