1. 1.1.

Tnh chn c quy Yu cu ca bnh c quy Bnh accu phi c mt nng lng cao, nng lng cung cp n nh cho

ng c in vi c tnh phng in ln, m bo tt vic tng tc v kh nng leo dc ca xe. Accu phi c tui th cao, t bo tr, bo dng v c an ton c hc cao. Ngoi ra, loi accu ny phi c kh nng ti ch theo cc tiu chun v mi trng. Hin nay c cc loi: accu axt ch, accu NiMH, accu Li-ion, accu Li- Polyme. Khi chn bnh in cn xt n cc c tnh quan h gia nng lng v cng sut, s thay i in tr ni theo nhit , kh nng x dng xung v c tnh np, x. 1.2. Tnh chn c quy Loi c quy c chn cho xe thit k l c quy axt ch v n thng dng v gi

thnh tng i thp, cc loi c quy Ni-MH v Lithium-ion tuy rt tt nhng hin ti Vit Nam rt kh mua c v ng thi nu c mua c th gi thnh cng rt cao. Vi hiu in th ca ng c in c chn l 48V, s lng bnh c quy cn thit l 4 bnh loi 12V. Dung lng ca c quy ph thuc vo s gi m xe chy ht bnh v t l khi lng ca h thng truyn ng in so vi tng khi lng xe theo t l ti u l khng qu 30%. Dung lng, hay in dung ca c quy l i lng c trng cho qu trnh phng np in ca n. Gi tr ca in dung ph thuc vo gi tr ca dng in v thi gian, tc l ph thuc vo ch phng v np. Tuy nhin tnh chn c b c quy ph hp vi xe thit k th ta tnh in dung phng (dung lng) ca c quy. Dung lng ca c quy c xc nh nh sau: Qp = I p . t p (9.1) Trong : - Qp : Dung lng phng ca c quy (AH). - Ip : Dng in phng (A). - tp : Thi gian phng (h). Theo tiu chun ta, cc c quy c thit k vi thi gian phng 10 (h). Xc nh dng in phng Ip: Dng in c quy phng c xc nh nh sau: Ip = I1 + I 2

Hnh 9 7: S tnh chn c quy. Trong : - I1: Dng in qua ti lin tc (ng c in). - I2: Tng dng in qua cc ph ti khng lin tc. - U2: in p cp cho cc ph ti khng lin tc; U3 = 12 V - R: L cc ph ti hot ng khng lin tc vi in p 12V. Xc nh I2: c xc nh theo tng cng sut cc ph ti hot ng khng lin tc, theo biu thc sau: P I = I2.U2 = Pi i
3

I2 = Trong :

- i: H s s dng ca ti. Cc ph ti hot ng khng lin tc c tnh ton vi h s s dng theo bng sau. Bng 3 3: H s s dng v tng cng sut cc ph ti khng lin tc. STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 n pha. n hu. n tn hiu. n trn tuplo. n phanh. Ci. Tng cng sut P I
3

Tn

Pi 0,2.50 = 10 0,15.42 = 6,3 0,1.84 = 8,4 0,2.4 = 0,8 0,1.42 = 4,2 0,1.25 = 2,5 32,2

n v W W W W W W W

0,2 0,15 0,1 0,2 0,1 0,1

T bng 3 3, ta c tng cng sut P= 32,2 (W), suy ra: I2 =

32, 2 = 2,683 (A) 12

Xc nh dng in qua ng c I1 : c xc nh theo biu thc sau:

I1 =

PM = U ng

= 41.66(A)

Suy ra dng in phng Ip: Ip = 2,683 + 41.66 = 44,35 (A) T (9.1), suy ra dung lng bnh c quy: Qp = Ip . tp = 44,35.2,5 = 110.87 (AH) y ta tnh ton cho xe chy khong 2.5h s dng l c th sc li ta hin nay cc bnh c quy a xt c cc loi sau: 70 (AH), 100 (AH), 120 (AH), 180 (AH)...Do vy, i vi xe thit k ta chn bnh c quy c dung lng 100(AH). Sau khi chn c loi c quy, ta cn kim tra li t l khi lng ca h thng truyn ng so vi tng khi lng ca xe. Nu vt qu tiu chun th chn loi c quy khc c t trng khi lng trn dung lng nh hn. Da vo thng s k thut ca bnh c quy do nh sn xut cung cp, loi bnh c quy 12 (V) 400 (AH) c khi lng m1 = 10 (kg). ng c in 48 (V) 2000 (W) c khi lng m2 =25 (kg). Nh vy, tng khi lng ca h thng truyn ng in s l: m = 4.m1 + m2 = 4.10 + 25 = 68 (kg) H s t l khi lng: = m/M = 68/587 = 0,115 = 11,5 % <30 % Nh vy t l ny t yu cu k thut.