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ctm4-k42
hong vn thng-
Li ni u
hong vn thng-
.Hong Vn Thng
Sinh vin
hong vn thng-
Mc lc
hong vn thng-
Li ni u. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
......................
Mc
lc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..................
Chng 1: Phn tch chc nng lm vic
ca chi tit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chng 2: Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong
kt cu ca chi tit.. . . . . . . .
Chng 3: Xc nh dng sn xut. . . . . . . .
......................
Chng 4: Chn phng php ch to
phi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chng 5: Lp th t cc nguyn cng.. . . . .
.....................
Chng 6: Tnh lng d cho mt b mt v
tra lng d cho cc b mt cn li.
Chng 7: Tnh ch ct cho mt
nguyn cng.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chng 8: Tnh thi gian gia cng c bn
cho tt c cc nguyn cng. .
Chng 9: Tnh v thit k
g. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ti liu tham kho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
......................
1
2
3
3
4
5
6
8
1
0
2
2
2
6
3
0
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
a. n gin ho kt cu:
Ngoi nhng phn do m bo chc nng
lm vic khng th thay i c nh mt tr,
mt lm vic , ta xt cc b mt cn li.
Gn tr lc :
Do khi lm vic chi tit c chu va p
m vt liu lm bng gang d v ng thi
phn chuyn tip gia phn tr u v
thn c kch thc thay i t ngt nn tp
trung ng sut , do ti v tr ny chi tit
d b gy. trnh vic chi tit b ph hu
cn c gn tr lc, vic b gn tr lc
n gin kt cu l khng th c.
B tr chi tit i xng:
Do hnh dng ca chi tit nn ta ghp hai
chi tit li thnh mt chi tit c hnh dng i
xng lm tng cng vng cho chi tit khi
gia cng, ng thi lm gim s lng cc
nguyn cng (do ch gia cng mt chi tit sau
c nguyn cng ct t sau cng).
Vic b tr chi tit i xng l khng c
li v nh th s lm tng nguyn cng hoc bc,
phi gia cng cc mt u qua 2 nguyn cng
hoc bc v khi nh v trn chun tinh
thng nht chi tit c cng vng khng
cao.
Vic thay th kt cu bng hn , lp
ghp u khng em li hiu qu kinh t v
k thut.
hong vn thng-
+
)
100
Trong :
N: S lng chi tit c sn xut trong mt
nm.
N1: S sn phm(s my) c sn xut trong
mt nm.
m: S chi tit trong mt sn phm, m=1.
: S chi tit c ch to thm d
tr(5%).
: S ph phm(3%).
N = 5000.1.(1 +
5+3
) = 5400
100
hong vn thng-
Trong :
: Trng lng ring ca vt liu . =
7kg/dm .
V: Th tch chi tit.
V
3
2
(62 + 33).107.8 2
33 .35 +
18 .35 42 2 .8 = 50605mm 2 = 50605 .10 6 dm 2
4
2
4
4
6
Q = 7.50605 .10 = 0,35kg .
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
Mt trn:
2,5 mm.
Mt di:
2,0 mm.
Mt bn:
2,2 mm.
Dung sai vt c l 1,0mm.
2.Xc nh dc rt mu:
Tra bng I-6 [5] ta c:
dc rt mu mt ngoi: 1 00
dc rt mu mt trong: 2 00
Ghi ch:
Mt c gia cng c xin phi ly chm ln
d gia cng c.
Mt khng gia cng c xin ly nh sau:
Thnh dy < 5mm xin lm tng chiu
dy.
Thnh dy 5 10mm xin tng mt
phn v gim mt phn .
Thnh dy >10mm xin lm gim
chiu dy.
Trn cc gn tng cng vng gc nghing
thng ly 5 8 .
3.Xc nh tr s gc c:
Nhng ch giao nhau gia cc thnh vt
c c cc gc ln bng (1/5 1/3) tng chiu
dy vt c.
Bn knh gia phn tr c v gn :
5mm.
Bn knh gia phn tr c v thn:
5mm.
Bn knh
4mm.
hong vn thng-
gia
phn
thn
gn:
+0 , 018
+0 ,125
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
Phng n 1:
Nguyn cng 1: Ch to phi.
Nguyn cng 2: Phay mt u th nht.
Nguyn cng 3: Phay mt u th hai.
Nguyn cng 4: Phay mt u th ba.
Nguyn cng 5: Khoan khot, doa l c.
Nguyn cng 6: Khot l rng 42.
Nguyn cng 7: Vt mp.
Nguyn cng 8: Xc rnh then.
Nguyn cng 9: Ct t.
Nguyn cng 10: Kim tra.
Phng n 2:
Nguyn cng 1: Ch to phi.
Nguyn cng 2: Phay mt u th nht.
Nguyn cng 3: Phay mt u th hai.
Nguyn cng 4: Khoan khot, doa l c.
Nguyn cng 5: Tin mt u, tin l 42.
Nguyn cng 6: Vt mp.
Nguyn cng 7: Xc rnh then.
Nguyn cng 8: Ct t.
Nguyn cng 9: Kim tra.
So snh hai phng n:
Phng n 2(pa2) c s nguyn cng nhiu
hn phng n 1(pa1) do nguyn cng 3 v
nguyn cng 6 trong pa1 tp trung thnh
nguyn cng 5 trong pa2. Trong pa1 s dng
ti a my phay v my khoan hn pa2, cn
pa2 tuy s nguyn cng t hn nhng loi my
s dng li nhiu hn. Khng th ni phng n
hong vn thng-
no l ti u hn, tu vo iu kin c th
tng nh my m ta theo phng n no.
y ta chn thit k nguyn cng cho phng n 1.S g t, k hiu nh v kp
cht, chn my, chn dao, k hiu chiu
chuyn ng ca dao v ca chi tit c th
hin trong tp bn v.
Chng 6: Tnh lng d cho mt b mt v
tra lng d cho b mt cn li.
Lng d gia cng c xc nh hp l v tr s
v dung sai s gp phn bo m hiu qu
kinh t ca qu trnh cng ngh v :
Lng d qu ln s tn nguyn vt liu , tiu
hao lao ng gia cng nhiu ng
thi tn nng lng in , dng c ct , vn
chuyn nng . . . dn n gi thnh tng.
Ngc li , lng d qu nh s khng ht
i cc sai lch ca phi bin phi
thnh chi tit hon chnh.
Trong cng ngh ch to my , ngi ta s
dng hai phng php sau y xc nh lng d gia cng:
- Phng php thng k kinh nghim.
- Phng php tnh ton phn tch.
Phng php thng k kinh nghim xc nh
lng d gia cng bng kinh nghim. Nhc im
ca phng php ny l khng xt n nhng
iu kin gia cng c th nn gi tr lng d thng ln hn gi tr cn thit.
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
- Khoan l c.
- Khot rng l.
- Doa tinh l.
C ba nguyn cng trn u c cng chun
nh v l:
Mt y nh v 3 bc bng phin t , 2
khi V (mt c nh, mt tu ng) nh v
3 bc cn li trn 2 mt tr.
Lng d gia cng tnh cho cc nguyn cng ,
cc bc khoan, khot, doa l 16.
Cng thc tnh:
2 Z min = 2( Rz + Ta + a2 + b2 )
Khoan l t phi c.
Sau khi khoan l :
Rza=40m ; Ta=0 (v vt liu gia cng
l gang)
Sai lch v tr tng quan:
a = C 02 + (y.l ) 2
Trong :
Co : lch ca ng tm l, Co=20m.
y : cong ng trc l, y=1,4m/mm.
l : chiu di l, l=35mm.
= 20 + (1,4.35) = 53m
Khot l:
Sau khi khot t : Rza=32m ; Ta=0 (vt
liu gia cng l gang)
Sai lch khng gian: a=Co.Ks
lch ng tm l: Co=20m.
H s gim sai: Ks=0,05.
2
hong vn thng-
a=20.0,05=1m.
Lng d khot l sau bc khoan (b qua sai
s g t chi tit gia cng bc khot).
2Zbmin = 2(40 + 0 + 53) = 186m.
Doa l: Ra=3,2m ; Ta = 0.
Lng d doa l sau bc khot (b qua sai s
g t chi tit gia cng bc doa)
2Zbmin = 2(32 + 0 + 1) = 66m.
Bng tnh lng d gia cng l c 16.
+0 , 018
Th t
cc
nguyn
cng v
cc bc
ca b
mt
phi
tnh lng d
Cc yu Gi tr
t
to tnh
thnh l- ton
ng d
R T Zb
z a a b mi
n
(
m)
1.Phi
2.Khoan 4 0 5 0 0
0
3
D
un
g
sa
i
(
m)
Dt
(m
m)
Kc Tr s gii
h
hn ca lng
thc d (m)
gii
hn
(m
m)
Dmi d 2Z
n
m mi
ax n
15 18 15, 15
,7 0 590 ,7
66
70
2Z
ma
x
hong vn thng-
3.khot 3 0 1 0 18
2
6
4.Doa
0 66
15 70 15, 15 18
,9
880 ,9 0
52
50
16 18 16 16 68
,0
,0 24
8
18 8
29
0
12
0
41
0
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
b. Kp cht:
Dng n kp, kp vo phn tr gia , lc
kp hng t trn xung di.
c. Chn my:
My phay ng vn nng 6H12.
d. Chn dao:
Chn dao mt u rng chp mnh hp kim
cng.
Cc thng s dao: (bng 4-95[6])
- ng knh dao:
D = 100mm.
- Gc nghing chnh: = 75.
- S rng:
z = 10.
- Mc hp kim:
BK8.
b. Lng d:
Lng d gia cng th sau khi c: 2,54mm.
Lng d gia cng bn tinh sau th: 0,3.
Lng d gia cng tinh sau bn tinh: 0,16mm.
c.Tra ch ct:
Bc 1: gia cng th.
Chiu su ct: t = 2,54mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,24mm/rng.
Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,24 =
2,4mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-127[6]): Vb =
141m/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5
Trong :
k1: H s iu chnh ph thuc cng
gang, k1=1,0.
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
Bng ch ct.
6H1 97,2 300
2,54
2,4
720
2
118
375
0,3
2,4
900
105
300
0,16
0,55
165
Tn V(m/ N(v/ph t(mm) S(mm/ S(mm/
my pht) t)
vg)
ph)
3. Nguyn cng 3: phay mt u.
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v mt y 3 bc t do
bng phin t.
Khi V ngn nh v 2 bc vo mt tr th
nht.
Khi V tu ng nh v 1 bc chng xoay
vo mt tr cn li.
b. Kp cht:
Dng n kp kp vo khi tr, lc kp hng
t trn xung di.
c.Chn my:
My phay ng vn nng 6H12.
d. Chn dao:
Chn dao mt u thp gi.
Cc thng s dao: (bng 4-95[6])
- ng knh dao:
D = 40mm.
- Gc nghing chnh:
hong vn thng-
= 75.
L = 20mm.
z = 10.
130 pht.
BK8.
- Chiu cao:
- S rng:
- Tui bn:
- Mc hp kim:
d. Lng d:
Lng d gia cng th sau khi c: 2,79mm.
Lng d gia cng bn tinh sau th: 0,25.
Lng d gia cng tinh sau bn tinh: 0,16mm.
e. Tra ch ct:
Bc 1: gia cng th.
Chiu su ct: t = 2,79mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,2mm/rng.
Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,2 =
2,0mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-96[7]): Vb =
35mm/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4
Trong :
k1: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo trng
thi b mt gia cng , k3 = 0,8.
k2: H s iu chnh ph thuc chiu
rng phay, k4 = 1,13.
k3: H s iu chnh ph thuc gc
nghing chnh, k5 = 1,0.
k4: H s iu chnh ph thuc dng gia
cng , k4 = 1,0.
Vt = 35.0,8.1,0.1,0.1,0 = 28 m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
hong vn thng-
=
=
hong vn thng-
=
=
Bng thng s ch
6H1 24
190
2
24
190
30
235
Tn V(m/ n(v/p
my pht) ht)
ct.
2,79
0,25
0,16
T(m
m)
2,0
2,0
1,0
S(m
m/vg)
380
900
235
S(m
m/ph
)
4. Nguyn cng 4: khoan, khot, doa l 16.
hong vn thng-
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v 3 bc t do ti mt y,
3 bc t do cn li c nh v bi hai khi
V(mt khi c nh , mt khi di ng).
b. Kp cht:
Chi tit c kp cht bng n kp ln khi
tru gia , lc kp hng t trn xung di.
c.Chn my:
My khoan cn dng thc hin nguyn cng
ny l tt nht nhng v theo iu kin sn
xut nc ta ch nn dng my khoan ng
cho lng ph.
Chn my khoan ng K135 hay 2A135.
Cc c tnh k thut ca my:
- ng knh mi khoan khi khoan thp c
bn trung bnh :
max = 35mm.
- Cng sut ng c: N = 6kw, hiu sut
= 0,8.
- S vng quay trc chnh trong mt pht:
99,5 ; 135 ; 190 ; 267 ; 380 ; 540 ; 668 ;
950 ; 1360.
- Lng chy dao(mm/vng):
0,1 ; 0,13 ; 0,17 ; 0,22 ; 0,28 ; 0,38 ; 0,5 ;
0,63 ; 0,82 ; 1,05 ; 1,4.
- Lc khoan chiu trc ln nht cho php
ca c cu chy dao:
Pmax = 15700N (1600kg)
d. Chn dao:
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
=
=
0,28
0,5
0,2
S(m
m/vg)
=
=
380,8
680
19,9
S(m
m/ph
)
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v 3 bc mt phng
y bng phin t.
L tr th nht c nh v 2 bc bng cht
tr ngn.
L tr cn li c nh v 1 bc bng cht
trm.
b. Kp cht:
hong vn thng-
Cv.D q
kv
T m .t x .S y
hong vn thng-
105.40 0, 4
0,66 = 50,5m / ph
50 0, 4 2,2 0,151,3 0, 45
V =
.D.n 3,14.40.338
=
= 42,5m / ph
1000
1000
Mx = 10.0,196.40
Lc chiu trc:
0 ,85
Po = 10.Cp.t x .D q .S y .Kp
Ne =
0, 4
Mx.n 102.338
=
= 3,5kw
9750
9750
hong vn thng-
18,8.42 0, 2
0,8 = 17,5m / ph
50 0, 41,0 0,11,30, 4
V =
.D.n 3,14.42.122
=
= 16,7m / ph
1000
1000
1, 2
Ne =
0 , 75
0 ,8
0, 4
Mx.n 1,05.122
=
= 0,013kw
9750
9750
1,3
440
hong vn thng-
16,7 122
2,0
1,3
158,6
Tn
V(m/ n(v/p t(mm S(m
S(mm/
my pht) ht)
)
m/vg) ph)
6. Nguyn cng 6: khot ming l 16.
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v 3 bc t do mt y
bng phin t.
nh v 2 bc t do qua l tr bng mt cht
tr ngn.
nh v 1 bc t do qua l tr cn li bng
mt cht tr trm.
b. Kp cht:
Chi tit c kp cht bng n kp lin
ng ln phn tr gia, lc kp hng t trn
xung di.
c.Chn my:
Chn my khoan ng K135.
d. Chn dao:
Chn dao khot s 1(gia cng th) c phn
lm vic bng hp kim BK8 c cc thng s
hnh hc:
= 5 ; = 10 ; = 45 ; = 30 ; =
10.
e. Lng d gia cng:
Lng d gia cng cho trn bn v chi tit.
f. Tra ch ct:
Chiu su ln nht: t = 3mm.
Tra bng 5_107[6] ta c lng chy dao S =
0,9mm/vng, tra lng chy dao my ta c S =
0,82mm/vng.
1
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
b. Kp cht:
Chi tit c kp cht bng n kp lin
ng ln khi tr gia.
c.Chn my:
Chn my xc 7A420.
Cng sut my N = 2,8kw.
Bng tc ct ca my(mm/pht):
Hn S hnh trnh
h
kp/pht
trn 40 64 10 16
h
2
8
(mm
)
25
1,9 3,1 4,9 7,9
4
4
50
3,7 6,0 9,6 15,
6
3
35
75
5,4 8,8 14 22,
9
4
100 7,1 11, 18,
2
4
5
125 8,6 13, 22,
7
2
8
150 10, 16,
15 2
175 11, 18,
5
4
200 12, 20,
79 8
d. Chn dao:
hong vn thng-
9,6
S(m
m/ph
)
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
Bng ch ct:
6H82 33,3 118
12
1,6
188,8
Tn
V(m/ n(v/p t(mm S(m
S(m
my pht) ht)
)
m/vg) m/ph
)
Chng 8: Tnh thi gian gia cng c bn
cho tt c cc nguyn cng.
Thi gian nguyn cng c xc nh theo
cng thc:
Tct = To + Tp + Tpv + Ttn
Trong :
Tct : thi gian tng chic (thi gian nguyn
cng ).
To : thi gian c bn(thi gian cn thit
bin i trc tip hnh dng, kch thc,
tnh cht c l ca chi tit).
Tp : thi gian ph(thi gian cn thit
ngi cng nhn g, tho chi tit, m my, mi
dao, iu chnh my. . .), Tp = 0,1To.
Tpv : thi gian phc v ch lm vic gm:
thi gian phc v k thut, mi dao, iu
chnh my . . . , Tpv = 0,08To.
Ttn : thi gian ngh ngi t nhin ca cng
nhn, Ttn = 0,05To.
Tct = To + 0,1To + 0,08To + 0,05To =
1,23To.
hong vn thng-
1/ 2
1/ 2
1/ 2
hong vn thng-
Trong :
i =1.
L = 247mm .
L1 = {t(D-t)} + 3,5
L2 = 3mm.
Bc 1:
L1 = {2,54(100-2,54)} + 3,5 = 19,2mm.
To = (19,2 + 247 + 3).1/720 = 0,37 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,44 pht.
Bc 2:
L1 = {0,3(100-0,3)} + 3,5 = 9,0mm.
To = (9,0 + 247 + 3).1/900 = 0,28 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,35 pht.
Bc 3:
L1 = {0,16(100-0,16)} + 3,5 = 7,5mm.
To = (7,5 + 247 + 3).1/165 = 1,56 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 1,92 pht.
3. Nguyn cng 3: (theo bng 31[5])
To = (L1 + L + L2).i/Sp
Trong :
i = 2.
L = 247mm .
L1 = {t(D-t)} + 3,5
L2 = 3mm.
Bc 1:
L1 = {2,79(40-2,79)} + 3,5 = 13,7mm.
To = (13,7 + 247 + 3).2/380 = 1,38 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 1,70 pht.
Bc 2:
L1 = {2,5(40-2,5)} + 3,5 = 13,2mm.
1/ 2
1/ 2
1/ 2
1/ 2
1/ 2
1/ 2
1/ 2
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
1/ 2
hong vn thng-
Sp = 188,8mm/pht.
To = (62 + 37 + 3).1/188,8 = 0,54 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,66 pht.
Fms2
Fms1
N1
N3 a
N2
b
c
Fms2
Fms3'
Fms2'
c
Fms3
b
Fms1
Fms1'
hong vn thng-
hong vn thng-
Fms2 = W2.f
f : h s ma st gia b mt chi tit v
g(tra bng 43[5]), f = 0,4.
R : Khong cch gia tm l gia v l bin,
R = 107mm = 0,107m.
r : Bn knh trung bnh b mt tip xc
gia mt u phn tr gia v phin t, r =
26mm = 0,026m.
Phng trnh m men qua ng bb .
W1.R - W2.R - N1.R + N2.R = 0
(3)
Phng trnh m men qua ng cc .
(P-N3).R-(W1-N1)2R=0
(4)
V chi tit i xng nn: W1 = W2 = W.
(3) N1 = N2 = N.
(2) M - 4NfR - N3.f.r = 0
(5)
(1) P + 2W - 2N - N3 = 0
(6)
(4) P - N3 = 2(W-N1) N3 = P-2(W-N)
Thay N3 vo (1):
P+2W-2N-P+2(W-N)=0
W=N
(6) P=N3
(5) M=4N.f.R-P.f.r
N=(M-P.f.r)/4f.R=W.
W=(102-1124.0,026.0,4)/4.0,4.0,107=527
(N)
Lc kp cn thit: W=k.W
k : l h s an ton c tnh n kh nng
lm tng lc ct trong qu trnh gia cng.
k=ko.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5.k6
'
'
hong vn thng-
N1
hong vn thng-
W .l 2 1317.45
=
= 1177 ( N )
l1 l 2 100 45
N 2 = N1 + W = 1177 + 1317 = 2394 ( N )
N1 =
MB
WX
N1
131,7Nm
hong vn thng-
O3 O2
O1
hong vn thng-
m = .N
: h s ph thuc kt cu nh v,
= 0,3.
N : s lng chi tit c gia cng trn g,
N = 5000.
m = 0,3. 5000 = 21m.
dc : sai s iu chnh, dc = 10 m.
[ct] ={67 -(4 +0 +21 +10 )} = 62m.
6. iu kin k thut ca g.
khng vung gc gia l bc v mt y
g 0,062m.
song song gia mt phin t v mt
y g 0,062m.
khng vung gc gia cht tr v mt
y g 0,062m.
1/ 2
1/ 2
1/ 2
Li kt.
Vi s hng dn tn tnh ca thy gio, sau
khi hon thnh n cng ngh ch to my
em hiu thm c nhiu vn v cng
ngh gia cng chi tit ni chung v gia cng
chi tit ca em ni ring, ngoi ra em cn c
hc thm v phng php thit k ti liu cng
ngh gia cng chi tit my, ng thi vi cc
loi my em dng trong cng ngh ch to chi
tit ca mnh em cng c hiu su sc
hn. em xin trn thnh cm n s gip
ca cc thy gio trong b mn cng ngh ch
to my c nhng ch bo tn tnh khi em
hong vn thng-
Ht
hong vn thng-