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Li ni u

Hin nay , cc ngnh kinh t ni chung v


ngnh c kh ni ring i hi k s c kh v
cn b k thut c kh c o to ra phi c
kin thc su rng , ng thi phi bit vn
dng nhng kin thc gii quyt
nhng vn c th thng gp trong sn
xut , sa cha v s dng.
Mc tiu ca mn hc l to iu kin cho
ngi hc nm vng v vn dng c hiu qu
cc phng php thit k , xy dng v qun
l cc qu trnh ch to sn phm c kh v
k thut sn xut v t chc sn xut nhm
t c cc ch tiu kinh t k thut theo yu
cu trong iu kin v qui m sn xut c
th. Mn hc cn truyn t nhng yu cu
v ch tiu cng ngh trong qu trnh thit
k cc kt cu c kh gp phn nng cao
hiu qu ch to chng.
n mn hc cng ngh ch to my nm
trong chng trnh o to ca ngnh ch to
my thuc khoa c kh c vai tr ht sc quan
trng nhm to cho sinh vin hiu mt cch
su sc v nhng vn m ng k s gp
phi khi thit k mt qui trnh sn xut chi
tit c kh.

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c s gip tn tnh ca cc thy gio


,c bit l thy Trn xun Vit v c
Nguyn Kim Nga gip em hon thnh tt
n mn hc ny.
Em xin chn thnh cm n.

.Hong Vn Thng

Sinh vin

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Mc lc

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ctm4-k42

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Li ni u. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
......................
Mc
lc. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
..................
Chng 1: Phn tch chc nng lm vic
ca chi tit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chng 2: Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong
kt cu ca chi tit.. . . . . . . .
Chng 3: Xc nh dng sn xut. . . . . . . .
......................
Chng 4: Chn phng php ch to
phi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chng 5: Lp th t cc nguyn cng.. . . . .
.....................
Chng 6: Tnh lng d cho mt b mt v
tra lng d cho cc b mt cn li.
Chng 7: Tnh ch ct cho mt
nguyn cng.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Chng 8: Tnh thi gian gia cng c bn
cho tt c cc nguyn cng. .
Chng 9: Tnh v thit k
g. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ti liu tham kho. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
......................

1
2
3
3
4
5
6
8
1
0
2
2
2
6
3
0

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Chng 1: Phn tch chc nng lm vic


ca chi tit.
1.Chc nng lm vic.
L b phn ni gia trc iu khin v cc
bnh rng di trt nhm iu chnh s n
khp ca cc cp bnh rng (khi cn thay
i t s truyn trong hp tc ).
S lm vic:
2.iu kin lm vic:cp bnh rng c nh
iu kin lm vic khng khc nghit, chi
tit ch chu m men xon nh khi lm vic
(gt cho cc bnh rng
khp
vitr nhau)
v chi
c
pn
bnh
rng di
t
cng gt

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ctm4-k42

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tit thng xuyn khng chu ti, khng mi


mn, c va p khi lm vic, nhit lm
vic khng cao.

Chng 2: Phn tch tnh cng ngh


trong kt cu ca chi tit.
Phn tch kt cu theo quan im cng
ngh trong kt cu ca chi tit. Phn t kt
cu cng nh nhng yu cu k thut cha hp l
vi chc nng lm vic ca i tng gia cng.
1.V yu cu k thut:
Vi nhng yu cu k thut trn bn v chi
tit l cha ph hp m bo chc nng v
iu kin lm vic ca chi tit l ti u. l
b mt trong l 42 l c nhn Ra=2,5 l
khng hp l v b mt ny khng lm vic
khng c st nn c th ch cn ly l Rz =
40m.
2.V cc phn t kt cu:

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a. n gin ho kt cu:
Ngoi nhng phn do m bo chc nng
lm vic khng th thay i c nh mt tr,
mt lm vic , ta xt cc b mt cn li.
Gn tr lc :
Do khi lm vic chi tit c chu va p
m vt liu lm bng gang d v ng thi
phn chuyn tip gia phn tr u v
thn c kch thc thay i t ngt nn tp
trung ng sut , do ti v tr ny chi tit
d b gy. trnh vic chi tit b ph hu
cn c gn tr lc, vic b gn tr lc
n gin kt cu l khng th c.
B tr chi tit i xng:
Do hnh dng ca chi tit nn ta ghp hai
chi tit li thnh mt chi tit c hnh dng i
xng lm tng cng vng cho chi tit khi
gia cng, ng thi lm gim s lng cc
nguyn cng (do ch gia cng mt chi tit sau
c nguyn cng ct t sau cng).
Vic b tr chi tit i xng l khng c
li v nh th s lm tng nguyn cng hoc bc,
phi gia cng cc mt u qua 2 nguyn cng
hoc bc v khi nh v trn chun tinh
thng nht chi tit c cng vng khng
cao.
Vic thay th kt cu bng hn , lp
ghp u khng em li hiu qu kinh t v
k thut.

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b. Kh nng p dng cc phng php gia cng


tin tin
Cc phng php gia cng bng cng ngh
tin tin u khng ph hp vi
iu kin k thut v iu kin sn xut.
Gia cng bng phng php ct dy v tia
la in cho nng sut khng cao v cht
lng b mt khng i hi cao.
Gia cng bng phng php iu khin s
CNC khng ph hp vi iu kin sn xut
nc ta.
Chng 3: Xc nh dng sn xut.
Sn lng hng nm c xc nh theo cng
thc sau y:
N = N1.m.(1 +

+
)
100

Trong :
N: S lng chi tit c sn xut trong mt
nm.
N1: S sn phm(s my) c sn xut trong
mt nm.
m: S chi tit trong mt sn phm, m=1.
: S chi tit c ch to thm d
tr(5%).
: S ph phm(3%).
N = 5000.1.(1 +

5+3
) = 5400
100

Trng lng ca chi tit:


Q=V.

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Trong :
: Trng lng ring ca vt liu . =
7kg/dm .
V: Th tch chi tit.
V
3

2
(62 + 33).107.8 2

33 .35 +
18 .35 42 2 .8 = 50605mm 2 = 50605 .10 6 dm 2
4
2
4
4
6
Q = 7.50605 .10 = 0,35kg .

Tra bng 2 trang 13[5], ta c dng sn xut


l hng lot ln.
Chng 4: Chn phng php ch to phi.
I.Xc nh phng php ch to phi:
i vi chi tit c , c th p dng cc phng php ch to phi sau y:
1.Phi dp:
Phi dp thng dng cho cc loi chi tit sau
y: trc rng cn, trc rng thng, cc loi
bnh rng khc , cc chi tit dng cng , trc
ch thp, trc khuu. . .c cc c im:
S dng mt b khun c kch thc lng
khun gn ging vt gia cng.
chnh xc ca vt dp cao , c bit l
cc kch thc theo chiu cao v sai lch gia
hai na khun . Thng thng bng ca dp
th tch t c t 2 4 , chnh xc
t c 0,1 0,05 .
Trng thi ng sut vt gia cng ni chung l
nn khi, do kim loi c tnh do tt hn ,

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bin dng trit hn , c tnh sn phm


cao hn v c th gia cng vt phc tp.
D c kh ho nn nng sut cao.
H s s dng vt liu cao.
Thit b s dng c cng sut ln , chuyn
ng chnh xc , ch to khun t tin.
Do nhng c im trn nn dp th tch
ch dng trong sn xut hng lot v hng
khi.
2.Rn t do.
u im ca rn t do:
Thit b rn n gin , vn u t t.
C kh nng loi tr cc khuyt tt c nh r
kh, r co.. .Bin t chc ht thnh t chc th
, to c cc t chc th un xon , do lm
tng c tnh sn phm.
Lng hao ph kim loi khi rn t hn khi gia
cng ct gt .
Cc nhc im ca rn t do:
chnh xc kch thc , bng b mt
km.
Cht lng vt rn khng ng u trong tng
phn ca chi tit v gia cc lot gia cng
cht lng gia cng cn ph thuc vo trnh
cng nhn v trnh t chc ni lm vic.
Nng sut lao ng thp , lng d , dung sai
v thi gian gia cng ln , hiu qu kinh t
khng cao.
S dng trong sn xut n chic, lot nh,
phc v cng nghip sa cha, ch to my.

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3.c trong khun kim loi:


C th to ra sn phm c cht lng cao,
kch thc chnh xc, bng b mt cao, c
kh nng c kh ho , t ng ho cao.
Gi thnh sn xut c ni chung h hn so
vi cc dng sn xut khc .
Vt c d tn ti cc dng r co , r kh ,
nt . . .
Tiu hao mt phn kim loi do h thng rt ,
u ngt. . .
Khi c trong khun kim loi, tnh dn nhit
ca khun cao nn kh nng in y km.
Mt khc c s cn c ca khun kim loi ln
nn d gy ra nt.
Tm li: T chc nng , iu kin lm vic v
sn lng ca chi tit ta chn phng php ch
to phi c trong khun kim loi l ph hp
nht.
II.Bn v chi tit lng phi:
1.Xc nh lng d gia cng c:
Xc nh lng d gia cng c ph thuc hp
kim c , kch thc ln nht ca vt c, tnh
cht sn xut, mc phc tp ca chi tit,
phng php lm khun(bng tay hay bng my
) , v tr b mt trong khun v cp chnh
xc ca vt c .
Vi nhng vt c trong khun kim loi ta c
cp chnh xc 2.
Tra bng (3-110)[7] ta c lng d gia cng c
l:

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Mt trn:
2,5 mm.
Mt di:
2,0 mm.
Mt bn:
2,2 mm.
Dung sai vt c l 1,0mm.
2.Xc nh dc rt mu:
Tra bng I-6 [5] ta c:
dc rt mu mt ngoi: 1 00
dc rt mu mt trong: 2 00
Ghi ch:
Mt c gia cng c xin phi ly chm ln
d gia cng c.
Mt khng gia cng c xin ly nh sau:
Thnh dy < 5mm xin lm tng chiu
dy.
Thnh dy 5 10mm xin tng mt
phn v gim mt phn .
Thnh dy >10mm xin lm gim
chiu dy.
Trn cc gn tng cng vng gc nghing
thng ly 5 8 .
3.Xc nh tr s gc c:
Nhng ch giao nhau gia cc thnh vt
c c cc gc ln bng (1/5 1/3) tng chiu
dy vt c.
Bn knh gia phn tr c v gn :
5mm.
Bn knh gia phn tr c v thn:
5mm.

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ctm4-k42

Bn knh
4mm.

hong vn thng-

gia

phn

thn

gn:

Chng 5: Lp th t cc nguyn cng.


1.Xc nh ng li cng ngh:
Vi dng sn xut lot ln v ph hp iu
kin sn xut nc ta l cc my ch yu l
my vn nng nn ta chn phng n gia cng
tp trung nguyn cng v gia cng tun t cc
b mt.
2.Chn phng php gia cng:
Chn phng php gia cng thch hp t
bng v chnh xc yu cu:
Gia cng l 42
, bng Ra=2,5m.:
Dung sai 0,25 ng vi cp chnh xc 14,
bng cp 6 ,c th p dng phng
php gia cng sau cng l:
- Khot tinh.
- Tin.
Gia cng l 16
, bng Ra= 2,5m:
Dung sai +0,018 ng vi cp chnh xc 7,
bng cp 6.
C th p dng phng php gia cng cui
cng l:
- Doa.
- Tin.
Gia
cng kch thc 35
bng
Rz=40m:
0 , 25

+0 , 018

+0 ,125

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Dung sai +0,125 ng vi cp chnh xc 11,


bng cp 4.
C th p dng phng php gia cng cui
cng l:
- Phay.
- Bo.
- Chut.
Gia cng kch thc 12mm , bng
Rz=40m:
C th p dng cc phng php gia cng
cui cng l:
- Phay.
- Bo.
Gia cng rnh then b rng 4
mm,
bng Rz = 20m.
C th p dng cc phng php gia cng
cui cng l:
- Xc.
- Chut.
Gia cng ct t chi tit.
C th p dng cc phng php gia cng
l:
- Bo.
- Phay.
Gia cng vt mp.
C th p dng cc phng php gia cng
l:
- Khot.
- Tin.
3.Lp tin trnh cng ngh:
0 , 015

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Phng n 1:
Nguyn cng 1: Ch to phi.
Nguyn cng 2: Phay mt u th nht.
Nguyn cng 3: Phay mt u th hai.
Nguyn cng 4: Phay mt u th ba.
Nguyn cng 5: Khoan khot, doa l c.
Nguyn cng 6: Khot l rng 42.
Nguyn cng 7: Vt mp.
Nguyn cng 8: Xc rnh then.
Nguyn cng 9: Ct t.
Nguyn cng 10: Kim tra.
Phng n 2:
Nguyn cng 1: Ch to phi.
Nguyn cng 2: Phay mt u th nht.
Nguyn cng 3: Phay mt u th hai.
Nguyn cng 4: Khoan khot, doa l c.
Nguyn cng 5: Tin mt u, tin l 42.
Nguyn cng 6: Vt mp.
Nguyn cng 7: Xc rnh then.
Nguyn cng 8: Ct t.
Nguyn cng 9: Kim tra.
So snh hai phng n:
Phng n 2(pa2) c s nguyn cng nhiu
hn phng n 1(pa1) do nguyn cng 3 v
nguyn cng 6 trong pa1 tp trung thnh
nguyn cng 5 trong pa2. Trong pa1 s dng
ti a my phay v my khoan hn pa2, cn
pa2 tuy s nguyn cng t hn nhng loi my
s dng li nhiu hn. Khng th ni phng n

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no l ti u hn, tu vo iu kin c th
tng nh my m ta theo phng n no.
y ta chn thit k nguyn cng cho phng n 1.S g t, k hiu nh v kp
cht, chn my, chn dao, k hiu chiu
chuyn ng ca dao v ca chi tit c th
hin trong tp bn v.
Chng 6: Tnh lng d cho mt b mt v
tra lng d cho b mt cn li.
Lng d gia cng c xc nh hp l v tr s
v dung sai s gp phn bo m hiu qu
kinh t ca qu trnh cng ngh v :
Lng d qu ln s tn nguyn vt liu , tiu
hao lao ng gia cng nhiu ng
thi tn nng lng in , dng c ct , vn
chuyn nng . . . dn n gi thnh tng.
Ngc li , lng d qu nh s khng ht
i cc sai lch ca phi bin phi
thnh chi tit hon chnh.
Trong cng ngh ch to my , ngi ta s
dng hai phng php sau y xc nh lng d gia cng:
- Phng php thng k kinh nghim.
- Phng php tnh ton phn tch.
Phng php thng k kinh nghim xc nh
lng d gia cng bng kinh nghim. Nhc im
ca phng php ny l khng xt n nhng
iu kin gia cng c th nn gi tr lng d thng ln hn gi tr cn thit.

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Ngc li , phng php tnh ton phn tch


da trn c s phn tch cc yu t to ra lp
kim loi cn phi ct gt to ra chi tit
hon chnh.
Trong n ny ch tnh lng d theo phng
php phn tch cho nguyn cng 4, cn li l
thng k kinh nghim.
1.Nguyn cng 1: phay mt u th nht.
Theo ti liu tham kho s 7 ta c:
Lng d c 2,5 1mm.
Lng d gia cng th sau khi c: 3,04mm.
Lng d gia cng bn tinh sau th: 0,3mm.
Lng d gia cng tinh sau bn tinh: 0,16mm.
2.Nguyn cng 2: phay mt u th hai.
Lng d c 2,0 1mm.
Lng d gia cng th sau khi c: 2,54mm.
Lng d gia cng bn tinh sau th: 0,3mm.
Lng d gia cng tinh sau bn tinh: 0,16mm.
3.Nguyn cng 3: phay mt u.
Lng d c 2,2 1mm.
Lng d gia cng th sau khi c: 2,79mm.
Lng d gia cng bn tinh sau th: 0,25mm.
Lng d gia cng tinh sau bn tinh: 0,16mm.
4.Nguyn cng 4: khoan, khot, doa l 16.
Gia cng l 16
t cc yu cu sau y:
nhm b mt : Rz=10m.
Vt liu :
GX15-32.
Chi tit my:
cng gt.
Trnh t gia cng b mt l 16 ca cng
gt gm cc nguyn cng sau:
+0 , 018

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- Khoan l c.
- Khot rng l.
- Doa tinh l.
C ba nguyn cng trn u c cng chun
nh v l:
Mt y nh v 3 bc bng phin t , 2
khi V (mt c nh, mt tu ng) nh v
3 bc cn li trn 2 mt tr.
Lng d gia cng tnh cho cc nguyn cng ,
cc bc khoan, khot, doa l 16.
Cng thc tnh:
2 Z min = 2( Rz + Ta + a2 + b2 )

Khoan l t phi c.
Sau khi khoan l :
Rza=40m ; Ta=0 (v vt liu gia cng
l gang)
Sai lch v tr tng quan:
a = C 02 + (y.l ) 2

Trong :
Co : lch ca ng tm l, Co=20m.
y : cong ng trc l, y=1,4m/mm.
l : chiu di l, l=35mm.
= 20 + (1,4.35) = 53m
Khot l:
Sau khi khot t : Rza=32m ; Ta=0 (vt
liu gia cng l gang)
Sai lch khng gian: a=Co.Ks
lch ng tm l: Co=20m.
H s gim sai: Ks=0,05.
2

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hong vn thng-

a=20.0,05=1m.
Lng d khot l sau bc khoan (b qua sai
s g t chi tit gia cng bc khot).
2Zbmin = 2(40 + 0 + 53) = 186m.
Doa l: Ra=3,2m ; Ta = 0.
Lng d doa l sau bc khot (b qua sai s
g t chi tit gia cng bc doa)
2Zbmin = 2(32 + 0 + 1) = 66m.
Bng tnh lng d gia cng l c 16.
+0 , 018

Th t
cc
nguyn
cng v
cc bc
ca b
mt
phi
tnh lng d

Cc yu Gi tr
t
to tnh
thnh l- ton
ng d

R T Zb
z a a b mi
n
(
m)
1.Phi
2.Khoan 4 0 5 0 0
0
3

D
un
g
sa
i
(
m)

Dt
(m
m)

Kc Tr s gii
h
hn ca lng
thc d (m)
gii
hn
(m
m)

Dmi d 2Z
n
m mi
ax n

15 18 15, 15
,7 0 590 ,7
66
70

2Z
ma
x

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hong vn thng-

3.khot 3 0 1 0 18
2
6
4.Doa

0 66

15 70 15, 15 18
,9
880 ,9 0
52
50
16 18 16 16 68
,0
,0 24
8
18 8

29
0
12
0
41
0

Cc thng s trong bng:


- Rza : chiu cao nhp nh t vi do bc
cng ngh st trc li.
- Ta : chiu cao lp h hng b mt do bc
cng ngh st trc li.
- a : sai lch v tr khng gian do bc
cng ngh st trc li ( cong vnh,
lch tm, khng song song . . .).
- b : sai s g t chi tit bc cng
ngh ang thc hin.
- Zbmin : gi tr nh nht ca lng d gia
cng tnh cho bc cng ngh ang thc
hin.
- dmin ,dmax : kch thc gii hn ti mi bc
cng ngh.
- Zmin , Zmax : lng d ln nht v nh nht
ti mi bc cng ngh.
Kim tra:
- Lng d tng cng:
zo = 2Zomax - 2Zomin = 410 - 248 =
162
= 2 - 4 = 180 - 18 =62

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ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

- Lng d trung gian:


z3 = 2Zomax - 2Zomin = 290 - 180 =
110
= 2 - 3 = 180 - 70 = 110
5.Nguyn cng 5: khot l 42.
Lng d c 2,2 1,0mm.
Lng d khot th 2,2mm t kch thc l
40.
Lng d khot tinh 1,0mm t kch thc l
42.
6.Nguyn cng 6: khot ming l 16.
Kch thc cho trn bn v chi tit.
7.Nguyn cng 7: xc rnh then.
Kch thc cho trn bn v chi tit.
8.Nguyn cng 8: ct t.
B rng ct 10mm.
B dy 12mm.
Chng 7: Tnh ch ct cho mt
nguyn cng v tra cho cc b mt cn
li:
1. Nguyn cng 1: phay mt u
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v ba bc qua mt y
bng phin t, hai bc c nh v bng
khi V c nh, mt bc cn li c nh v
bng khi V di ng.
b. Kp cht:

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ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Dng ngay khi V iu chnh kp, lc


kp hng t phi sang tri.
c.Chn my:
My phay ng vn nng 6H12.
Mt lm vic ca bn my : 400 1600mm.
Cng sut ng c: N = 10kw, hiu sut
my = 0,75.
Tc trc chnh:
30 ; 37,5 ; 47,5 ; 60 ; 75 ; 95 ; 118 ; 150 ;
190 ; 135 ; 300 ; 375 ; 475 ; 600 ; 750 ; 950 ;
1180 ; 1500.
Lc ct chiu trc ln nht cho php tc
dng ln bn my:
Pmax=19,650N(2000kg).
d. Chn dao:
Chn dao mt u rng chp mnh hp kim
cng.
Cc thng s dao: (bng 4-95[6])
- ng knh dao:
D = 100mm.
- Gc nghing chnh: = 75.
- S rng:
z = 10.
- Mc hp kim:
BK8.
e. Lng d:
Lng d gia cng th sau khi c: 3,04mm.
Lng d gia cng bn tinh sau th: 0,3.
Lng d gia cng tinh sau bn tinh: 0,16mm.
f. Tra ch ct:
Bc 1: gia cng th.
Chiu su ct: t = 3,04mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,24mm/rng.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,24 =


2,4mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-127[6]): Vb =
141m/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5
Trong :
k1: H s iu chnh ph thuc cng
gang, k1=1,0.
k2: H s iu chnh ph thuc mc hp
kim, k2 = 0,8.
k3: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo trng
thi b mt gia cng , k3 = 0,8.
k4: H s iu chnh ph thuc chiu
rng phay, k4 = 1,13.
k5: H s iu chnh ph thuc gc
nghing chnh, k5 = 0,95.
Vt = 141.1,0.0,8.0,8.1,13.0,95 =
97m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
n = 1000 Vt/.D = 1000.97/3,14.100 =
310 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 300 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.100.300/1000
= 94,2 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 300.2,4 =720mm/pht.
Bc 2: gia cng bn tinh.
Chiu su ct: t = 0,3mm.
t

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,24mm/rng.


Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,24 =
2,4mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-127[6]): Vb =
158m/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5
Trong :
k1=1,0; k2 = 0,8; k3 = 1,0; k4 = 1,13; k5 =
0,95.
Vt = 141.1,0.0,8.1,0.1,13.0,95 =
135,7m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
n
= 1000 Vt/.D =
1000.135,7/3,14.100 = 432 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 375 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.100.375/1000
= 118 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 375.2,4 =900mm/pht.
Bc 3: gia cng tinh.
Chiu su ct: t = 0,16mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,55mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-127[6]): Vb =
126m/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5
Trong :
t

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

k1=1,0; k2 = 0,8; k3 = 1,0; k4 = 1,13; k5 =


0,95.
Vt = 126.1,0.0,8.1,0.1,13.0,95 =
105m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
n = 1000 Vt/.D = 1000.105/3,14.100
= 335 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 300 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.100.300/1000
= 94,2 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 300.0,55 =165mm/pht.
Bng ch ct.
6H1 97,2 300
3,05
2,4
720
2
118
375
0,3
2,4
900
105
300
0,16
0,55
165
Tn V(m/ n(v/ph t(mm) S(mm/ S(mm/
my pht) t)
vg)
ph)
2. Nguyn cng 2: phay mt u.
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v 3 bc qua mt phng
qua gia cng (chun tinh).
nh v 2 bc qua 2 mt tr th nht.
nh v 1 bc cn li qua mt tr cn li.
g:
nh v mt y ba bc bng phin t.
Hai mt tr nh v bng 2 khi V vt(1
khi c nh, mt khi iu chnh).
t

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

b. Kp cht:
Dng n kp, kp vo phn tr gia , lc
kp hng t trn xung di.
c. Chn my:
My phay ng vn nng 6H12.
d. Chn dao:
Chn dao mt u rng chp mnh hp kim
cng.
Cc thng s dao: (bng 4-95[6])
- ng knh dao:
D = 100mm.
- Gc nghing chnh: = 75.
- S rng:
z = 10.
- Mc hp kim:
BK8.
b. Lng d:
Lng d gia cng th sau khi c: 2,54mm.
Lng d gia cng bn tinh sau th: 0,3.
Lng d gia cng tinh sau bn tinh: 0,16mm.
c.Tra ch ct:
Bc 1: gia cng th.
Chiu su ct: t = 2,54mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,24mm/rng.
Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,24 =
2,4mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-127[6]): Vb =
141m/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5
Trong :
k1: H s iu chnh ph thuc cng
gang, k1=1,0.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

k2: H s iu chnh ph thuc mc hp


kim, k2 = 0,8.
k3: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo trng
thi b mt gia cng , k3 = 0,8.
k4: H s iu chnh ph thuc chiu
rng phay, k4 = 1,13.
k5: H s iu chnh ph thuc gc
nghing chnh, k5 = 0,95.
Vt = 141.1,0.0,8.0,8.1,13.0,95 =
97m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
n = 1000 Vt/.D = 1000.97/3,14.100 =
310 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 300 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.100.300/1000
= 94,2 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 300.2,4 =720mm/pht.
Bc 2: gia cng bn tinh.
Chiu su ct: t = 0,3mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,24mm/rng.
Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,24 =
2,4mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-127[6]): Vb =
158m/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5
Trong :
t

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

k1=1,0; k2 = 0,8; k3 = 1,0; k4 = 1,13; k5 =


0,95.
Vt = 141.1,0.0,8.1,0.1,13.0,95 =
135,7m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
n
= 1000 Vt/.D =
1000.135,7/3,14.100 = 432 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 375 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.100.375/1000
= 118 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 375.2,4 =900mm/pht.
Bc 3: gia cng tinh.
Chiu su ct: t = 0,16mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,55mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-127[6]): Vb =
126m/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5
Trong :
k1=1,0; k2 = 0,8; k3 = 1,0; k4 = 1,13; k5 =
0,95.
Vt = 126.1,0.0,8.1,0.1,13.0,95 =
105m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
n = 1000 Vt/.D = 1000.105/3,14.100
= 335 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 300 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
t

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.100.300/1000


= 94,2 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 300.0,55 =165mm/pht.

Bng ch ct.
6H1 97,2 300
2,54
2,4
720
2
118
375
0,3
2,4
900
105
300
0,16
0,55
165
Tn V(m/ N(v/ph t(mm) S(mm/ S(mm/
my pht) t)
vg)
ph)
3. Nguyn cng 3: phay mt u.
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v mt y 3 bc t do
bng phin t.
Khi V ngn nh v 2 bc vo mt tr th
nht.
Khi V tu ng nh v 1 bc chng xoay
vo mt tr cn li.
b. Kp cht:
Dng n kp kp vo khi tr, lc kp hng
t trn xung di.
c.Chn my:
My phay ng vn nng 6H12.
d. Chn dao:
Chn dao mt u thp gi.
Cc thng s dao: (bng 4-95[6])
- ng knh dao:
D = 40mm.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

- Gc nghing chnh:

hong vn thng-

= 75.
L = 20mm.
z = 10.
130 pht.
BK8.

- Chiu cao:
- S rng:
- Tui bn:
- Mc hp kim:
d. Lng d:
Lng d gia cng th sau khi c: 2,79mm.
Lng d gia cng bn tinh sau th: 0,25.
Lng d gia cng tinh sau bn tinh: 0,16mm.
e. Tra ch ct:
Bc 1: gia cng th.
Chiu su ct: t = 2,79mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,2mm/rng.
Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,2 =
2,0mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-96[7]): Vb =
35mm/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4
Trong :
k1: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo trng
thi b mt gia cng , k3 = 0,8.
k2: H s iu chnh ph thuc chiu
rng phay, k4 = 1,13.
k3: H s iu chnh ph thuc gc
nghing chnh, k5 = 1,0.
k4: H s iu chnh ph thuc dng gia
cng , k4 = 1,0.
Vt = 35.0,8.1,0.1,0.1,0 = 28 m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

n = 1000 Vt/.D = 1000.28/3,14.40


223 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 190 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.40.190/1000
24 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 190.2,0 = 380 mm/pht.
Bc 2: gia cng bn tinh.
Chiu su ct: t = 0,25mm.
Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,2mm/rng.
Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,2
2,0mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-96[7]): Vb
35mm/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4
Trong :
k3 = 0,8; k4 = 1,13; k5 = 1,0; k4 = 1,0.
Vt = 35.0,8.1,0.1,0.1,0 = 28 m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
n = 1000 Vt/.D = 1000.28/3,14.40
223 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 190 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.40.190/1000
24 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 190.2,0 = 380 mm/pht.
Bc 3: gia cng tinh.
t

=
=

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Chiu su ct: t = 0,16mm.


Lng chy dao rng: Sz = 0,1mm/rng.
Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 10 0,1
1,0mm/vng.
Tc ct tra c(bng 5-96[7]): Vb
35mm/pht.
Tc tnh ton:
Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3.k4
Trong :
k1 = 1,0; k2 = 1,0; k3 = 1,0; k4 = 1,0.
Vt = 35.1,0.1,0.1,0.1,0 = 35 m/pht.
Tc trc chnh:
n = 1000 Vt/.D = 1000.35/3,14.40
278 vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 235 vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = .D. n /1000 = 3,14.40.235/1000
30 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht:
Sp = 235.1,0 = 235 mm/pht.
t

=
=

Bng thng s ch
6H1 24
190
2
24
190
30
235
Tn V(m/ n(v/p
my pht) ht)

ct.
2,79
0,25
0,16
T(m
m)

2,0
2,0
1,0
S(m
m/vg)

380

900
235
S(m
m/ph
)
4. Nguyn cng 4: khoan, khot, doa l 16.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v 3 bc t do ti mt y,
3 bc t do cn li c nh v bi hai khi
V(mt khi c nh , mt khi di ng).
b. Kp cht:
Chi tit c kp cht bng n kp ln khi
tru gia , lc kp hng t trn xung di.
c.Chn my:
My khoan cn dng thc hin nguyn cng
ny l tt nht nhng v theo iu kin sn
xut nc ta ch nn dng my khoan ng
cho lng ph.
Chn my khoan ng K135 hay 2A135.
Cc c tnh k thut ca my:
- ng knh mi khoan khi khoan thp c
bn trung bnh :
max = 35mm.
- Cng sut ng c: N = 6kw, hiu sut
= 0,8.
- S vng quay trc chnh trong mt pht:
99,5 ; 135 ; 190 ; 267 ; 380 ; 540 ; 668 ;
950 ; 1360.
- Lng chy dao(mm/vng):
0,1 ; 0,13 ; 0,17 ; 0,22 ; 0,28 ; 0,38 ; 0,5 ;
0,63 ; 0,82 ; 1,05 ; 1,4.
- Lc khoan chiu trc ln nht cho php
ca c cu chy dao:
Pmax = 15700N (1600kg)
d. Chn dao:

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Mi khoan hp kim cng ui cn , loi


ngn loi I c ng knh:
d=14,25mm ; L =290mm ; l=190mm.
Mi khot hp kim BK8.
Mi doa thp gi rng lin:
e. Lng d gia cng:
(tra bng 24-T86[7])
Khoan ln 1: 15,50mm.
Khot bn tinh: 15,90mm.
Doa tinh: 16mm.
f. Tra ch ct:
Nguyn cng 1: khoan l ng knh
15,5mm.
Tra bng 5_94[6] ta c lng chy dao l S =
0,35mm/vng.
H s iu chnh tra bng 5_87[6] c
k=1,0.
Lng chy dao thc t l S = 0,35.0,1 =
0,35mm/vng.
Tra bng lng chy dao ca my ta ly S =
0,28mm/vng.
Tra bng 5_95[6] ta c tc ct Vb =
82m/pht.
Tc ct thc t :Vt = Vb.k1.k2
H s iu chnh k1 ph thuc chu k bn
ca mi khoan, k1=1,0.
H s iu chnh k2 ph thuc chiu su
mi khoan(bng 5_87[6]), k2=1,0.
Vt = 82.1,0.1,0 = 82m/pht.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

S vng quay trc chnh: nt =1000.Vt/.D =


1000.82/3,14.15,5 = 1685vng/pht.
Chn tc my n =1360vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t: Vt = n ..D/1000 =
1360.3,14.15,5/1000 = 66,2m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 1360.0,28 = 380,8
m/pht.
Nguyn cng 2: khot l 15,9mm.
Lng d mt pha: t = 0,2mm.
Tra bng 5_107 ta c lng chy dao S =
0,6mm/vng.
Tra lng chy dao trong my c S =
0,5mm/vng.
Tra bng 5_109[6] c tc ct Vb =
138m/pht.
Tc ct thc t: Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3
Trong :
k1: h s iu chnh ph thuc chu k
bn dao, k1 = 1,0.
k2: h s iu chnh ph thuc trng thi
b mt phi, k2 = 1,0.
k3: h s iu chnh ph thuc mc hp
kim cng, k2 = 1,0.
Vt = 138.1,0.1,0.1,0 = 138m/pht.
Tc trc chnh my:
n = 1000.Vt/.D = 1000.138/.D =
1000.138/3,14.15,9 = 2764vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n =1360vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t: Vt = n ..D/1000 =
1360.3,14.15,9/1000 = 67,9m/pht.
m

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 1360.0,5


680mm/pht.
Nguyn cng 3: doa l 16mm
Chiu su ct: t = 0,05mm.
Tra bng 5_115[6] ta c lng chy dao S
0,2mm/vng, tc ct V = 5,0m/pht.
Tc trc chnh my: n = 1000.V/.D
1000.5/3,14.16 = 99,5vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n =99,5vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t: Vt = n ..D/1000
99,5.3,14.16/1000 = 5m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 99,5.0,2
19,9mm/pht.
t

=
=

Bng thng s ch ct.


K135 66,2 1360 7,75
67,9 1360 0,2
5,0
99,5 0,05
Tn
V(m/ n(v/p t(mm
my pht) ht)
)
5. Nguyn cng 5: khot l 42.

0,28
0,5
0,2
S(m
m/vg)

=
=

380,8
680
19,9
S(m
m/ph
)

a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v 3 bc mt phng
y bng phin t.
L tr th nht c nh v 2 bc bng cht
tr ngn.
L tr cn li c nh v 1 bc bng cht
trm.
b. Kp cht:

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Chi tit c kp cht bng hai n kp ln


hai khi tr , lc kp hng t trn xung di.
c.Chn my:
Chn my khoan ng K135.
d. Chn dao:
Chn mi khot s 1 (gia cng th) BK8.
Mi khot gia cng tinh bng thp gi P6M5.
e. Lng d gia cng :
Khot rng th l 40.
Khot tinh l 42.
f. Tnh ch ct:
Nguyn cng 1: gia cng th.
Chiu su ct: t = 2,2mm.
Lng chy dao(tra bng 5-26[6]):
S=1,6mm/vng.
Theo bng lng chy dao my ta ly: S =
1,3mm/vng.
Tc ct c tnh theo cng thc:
V =

Cv.D q
kv
T m .t x .S y

Cc h s Cv v cc s m tra trong bng 529[6] c: Cv=105,0 ; q=0,4 ; x=0,15 ; y=


0,45 ; m=0,4.
H s iu chnh chung cho tc ct
tnh n iu kin ct thc t:
Kv=Kmv.Kuv.Klv.Knv
Kmv: h s ph thuc vo vt liu gia cng
(bng 5-1[6]), Kmv=1.
Kuv: h s ph thuc vo vt liu dng c
ct (bng 5-6[6]), Kuv=0,83.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Klv: h s ph thuc vo chiu su mi


khoan (bng 5-31), Klv=1,0.
Knv: h s iu chnh b sung khi khot l
c hoc dp sn(bng 5-5), Knv=0,8.
Kv=1,0.0,83.1,0.0,8 = 0,66.
Vt =

105.40 0, 4
0,66 = 50,5m / ph
50 0, 4 2,2 0,151,3 0, 45

Tc quay ca trc chnh:


nt =

1000.Vt 1000 .50,5


=
= 392v / ph
.D
3,14.40

Tc trn my: n =338v/ph.


tc ct thc t:
m

V =

.D.n 3,14.40.338
=
= 42,5m / ph
1000
1000

Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 338.1,3 = 440


mm/pht.
M men xon: Mx = 10.C .D .t .S .Kp
H s Cm v cc s m tra bng 5-32[2] c:
Cm=0,196 ; q=0,85 ; x=0,8 ; y=0,7.
H s tnh n cc yu t gia cng thc t
Kp tra trong bng 5-9 c:Kp=1.
q

Mx = 10.0,196.40
Lc chiu trc:

0 ,85

.2,2 0,8.1,3 0,7.1,0 = 102 Nm

Po = 10.Cp.t x .D q .S y .Kp

H s Cp v cc s m tra trong bng 532[6] c:


Cp = 46 ; x = 1,0 ; y = 0,4
Po = 10.46.2,2 .40 .1,3 .1,0 = 1124 N
Cng sut ct:
1, 0

Ne =

0, 4

Mx.n 102.338
=
= 3,5kw
9750
9750

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Nguyn cng 2: gia cng tinh.


Chiu su ct: t = 1,0mm.
Lng chy dao(tra bng 5-26[6]):
S=1,6mm/vng.
Theo bng lng chy dao my ta ly: S =
1,3mm/vng.
Cv = 18,8 ; q=0,2 ; x=0,1 ; y= 0,4 ;
m=0,125.
Kmv=1,0 ; Kuv=0,80 ; Klv=1,0 ; Knv=1,0.
Kv=1,0.0,8.1,0.1,0 = 0,8.
Vt =

18,8.42 0, 2
0,8 = 17,5m / ph
50 0, 41,0 0,11,30, 4

Tc quay ca trc chnh:


nt =

1000.Vt 1000 .17,5


=
= 133v / ph
.D
3,14.42

Tc trn my: n =122v/ph.


tc ct thc t:
m

V =

.D.n 3,14.42.122
=
= 16,7m / ph
1000
1000

Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 122.1,3 = 158,6


mm/pht.
M men xon:
Cm=0,085 ; q=0,85 ; x=0,75 ; y=0,8 ; Kp=1.
Mx = 10.0,085.42 .1,0 .1,3 .1,0 = 1,05 Nm
Lc chiu trc:
Cp = 23,5 ; x = 1,2 ; y = 0,4
Po = 10.23,5.1,0 .42 .1,3 .1,0 = 261N
Cng sut ct:
0

1, 2

Ne =

0 , 75

0 ,8

0, 4

Mx.n 1,05.122
=
= 0,013kw
9750
9750

Bng thng s ch ct.


K135 42,5 338
2,2

1,3

440

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

16,7 122
2,0
1,3
158,6
Tn
V(m/ n(v/p t(mm S(m
S(mm/
my pht) ht)
)
m/vg) ph)
6. Nguyn cng 6: khot ming l 16.
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v 3 bc t do mt y
bng phin t.
nh v 2 bc t do qua l tr bng mt cht
tr ngn.
nh v 1 bc t do qua l tr cn li bng
mt cht tr trm.
b. Kp cht:
Chi tit c kp cht bng n kp lin
ng ln phn tr gia, lc kp hng t trn
xung di.
c.Chn my:
Chn my khoan ng K135.
d. Chn dao:
Chn dao khot s 1(gia cng th) c phn
lm vic bng hp kim BK8 c cc thng s
hnh hc:
= 5 ; = 10 ; = 45 ; = 30 ; =
10.
e. Lng d gia cng:
Lng d gia cng cho trn bn v chi tit.
f. Tra ch ct:
Chiu su ln nht: t = 3mm.
Tra bng 5_107[6] ta c lng chy dao S =
0,9mm/vng, tra lng chy dao my ta c S =
0,82mm/vng.
1

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Tra bng 5_109[6] ta c tc ct Vb =


77m/pht.
Tc ct cn thc t: Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3
Trong :
k1: h s iu chnh ph thuc chu k
bn, k1 = 1,0.
K2: h s iu chnh ph thuc trng thi
b mt phi, k2 = 0,8.
K3: h s iu chnh ph thuc mc hp
kim cng, k1 = 1,0.
Vt = 77.1,0.0,8.1,0 = 61,6m/pht.
Tc trc chnh: n = 1000.Vt/.D =
1000.61,6/3,14.42 = 467vng/pht.
Chn tc my: n = 380vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t: Vt = n ..D/1000 =
380.3,14.42/1000 = 50,1m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 380.0,9 =
342mm/pht.
Bng ch ct
K135 50,1 380
3,0
0,9
342
Tn
V(m/ N(v/p t(mm S(m
S(m
my pht) ht)
)
m/vg) m/ph
)
7. Nguyn cng 7: xc rnh then.
a. nh v:
Chi tit c nh v 3 bc qua mt phng
y bng phin t.
L tr th nht nh v 2 bc qua cht tr
ngn , l tr cn li nh v 1 bc cn li qua
cht trm.
t

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

b. Kp cht:
Chi tit c kp cht bng n kp lin
ng ln khi tr gia.
c.Chn my:
Chn my xc 7A420.
Cng sut my N = 2,8kw.
Bng tc ct ca my(mm/pht):
Hn S hnh trnh
h
kp/pht
trn 40 64 10 16
h
2
8
(mm
)
25
1,9 3,1 4,9 7,9
4
4
50
3,7 6,0 9,6 15,
6
3
35
75
5,4 8,8 14 22,
9
4
100 7,1 11, 18,
2
4
5
125 8,6 13, 22,
7
2
8
150 10, 16,
15 2
175 11, 18,
5
4
200 12, 20,
79 8
d. Chn dao:

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Chn dao xc thp gi c cc thng s hnh


hc:
- Gc trc: = 8.
- Gc sau: = 12.
- Vt liu: thp gi.
- Tui bn: 60 pht.
e. Lng d gia cng:
Cho trn bn v chi tit lng phi.
f. Tra ch ct:
Lng chy dao: S = 0,15mm/hnh trnh kp.
Tc ct(bng 5-83[6]): Vb=10,2m/pht.
Tc ct thc: Vt = Vb.k.
H s iu chnh k ph thuc chu k bn
ca dao, k = 1,17.
Vt = 10,2.1,17 = 11,9 m/pht.
Da vo bng tc ct ca my ta chn
tc my l Vt = 11,4 m/pht ,vi s hnh
trnh trn mt pht l 64, khong hnh trnh
l 100mm.
Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 64.0,15 =
9,6mm/pht.
Bng cc thng s ch ct:
7A4 11,4 64
4
0,15
20
Tn V(m/ N(htk t(mm S(m
my pht) /ph)
)
m/htk
)
8. Nguyn cng 8: ct t.
a. nh v:

9,6
S(m
m/ph
)

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Chi tit c nh v 3 bc qua mt phng


y bng phin t.
L tr th nht nh v 2 bc qua cht tr
ngn.
L tr th hai nh v 1 bc qua cht trm.
b. Kp cht:
Chi tit c kp cht qua hai n kp ln
khi tr gia, lc kp hng t trn xung di.
c.Chn my:
My phay nm vn nng 6H82.
c tnh k thut ca my:
- Mt
lm
vic
ca
bn
my:
320 1250mm .
- Cng sut ng c: N = 7kw, hiu sut
= 0,75.
- S vng quay trc chnh:
30 ; 37,5 ; 47,5 ; 60 ; 75 ; 95 ; 118 ; 150 ;
190 ; 134 ; 300 ; 375 ; 475 ; 600 ; 750 ;
950 ; 1180 ; 1500.
- Lng chy dao dc v ngang : mm/pht.
19 ; 23,5 ; 30 ; 37,5 ; 47,5 ; 60 ; 75 ; 95 ;
118 ; 150 ; 190 ; 235 ; 300 ; 375 ; 475 ;
600 ; 750 ; 900.
- Lc ct chiu trc ln nht cho php tc
dng ln bn my:
Pmax = 19650N (2000kg)
d. Chn dao:
Dao phay a ba mt rng thp gi, ng
knh D = 90mm, z = 20.
2

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Tui bn khi gia cng gang(bng 7[5]): T =


100pht.
e. Lng d:
B rng b=10mm.
Chiu su: t = 12mm.
f. Tra ch ct:
Tra bng 5-163[6] ta c:
Sz =
0,08mm/rng.
Lng chy dao vng: Sv = 0,08 20 =
0,16mm/vng.
Tc ct tra bng 5-165[6] ta c: Vb =
38,5mm/pht.
Tc tnh ton: Vt = Vb.k1.k2.k3
Trong :
k1 : H s iu chnh ph thuc chiu
rng phay, k1 = 1,12.
k2 : H s iu chnh ph thuc dng gia
cng , k2 = 1,0.
k3 : H s iu chnh ph thuc trng thi
b mt gia cng , k3 = 0,8.
Vt = 38,5.1,12.1,0.0,8 = 34,5m/pht.
Tc trc chnh my:
n = 1000.Vt/D = 1000.34,5/3,14.90 =
122 vng/pht.
Tc my: n = 118vng/pht.
Tc ct thc t:
Vt = D n /1000 = 3,14.90.118/1000 =
33,3 m/pht.
Lng chy dao pht: Sp = 1,6.118 = 188,8
mm/pht.
t

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Bng ch ct:
6H82 33,3 118
12
1,6
188,8
Tn
V(m/ n(v/p t(mm S(m
S(m
my pht) ht)
)
m/vg) m/ph
)
Chng 8: Tnh thi gian gia cng c bn
cho tt c cc nguyn cng.
Thi gian nguyn cng c xc nh theo
cng thc:
Tct = To + Tp + Tpv + Ttn
Trong :
Tct : thi gian tng chic (thi gian nguyn
cng ).
To : thi gian c bn(thi gian cn thit
bin i trc tip hnh dng, kch thc,
tnh cht c l ca chi tit).
Tp : thi gian ph(thi gian cn thit
ngi cng nhn g, tho chi tit, m my, mi
dao, iu chnh my. . .), Tp = 0,1To.
Tpv : thi gian phc v ch lm vic gm:
thi gian phc v k thut, mi dao, iu
chnh my . . . , Tpv = 0,08To.
Ttn : thi gian ngh ngi t nhin ca cng
nhn, Ttn = 0,05To.
Tct = To + 0,1To + 0,08To + 0,05To =
1,23To.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Thi gian c bn c xc nh theo cng


thc:
To = (L1 + L2 + L)/S.n(pht)
Trong :
L : chiu di b mt gia cng(mm).
L1 : chiu di n dao(mm).
L2 : chiu di thot dao(mm).
S : lng chy dao vng / hnh trnh kp.
n : s vng quay hay hnh trnh kp/pht.
1. Nguyn cng 1: (theo bng 31[5])
To = (L1 + L + L2).i/Sp
Trong :
i = 1.
L = 247mm .
L1 = {t(D-t)} + 3,5
L2 = 3mm.
Bc 1:
L1 = {3,04(100-3,04)} + 3,5 = 17,0mm.
To = (17,0 + 247 + 3).1/744 = 0,36 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,44 pht.
Bc 2:
L1 = {0,3(100-0,3)} + 3,5 = 9,0mm.
To = (9,0 + 247 + 3).1/900 = 0,28 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,35 pht.
Bc 3:
L1 = {0,16(100-0,16)} + 3,5 = 7,5mm.
To = (7,5 + 247 + 3).1/165 = 1,56 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 1,92 pht.
2. Nguyn cng 2: (theo bng 31[5])
To = (L1 + L + L2).i/Sp
1/ 2

1/ 2

1/ 2

1/ 2

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Trong :
i =1.
L = 247mm .
L1 = {t(D-t)} + 3,5
L2 = 3mm.
Bc 1:
L1 = {2,54(100-2,54)} + 3,5 = 19,2mm.
To = (19,2 + 247 + 3).1/720 = 0,37 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,44 pht.
Bc 2:
L1 = {0,3(100-0,3)} + 3,5 = 9,0mm.
To = (9,0 + 247 + 3).1/900 = 0,28 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,35 pht.
Bc 3:
L1 = {0,16(100-0,16)} + 3,5 = 7,5mm.
To = (7,5 + 247 + 3).1/165 = 1,56 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 1,92 pht.
3. Nguyn cng 3: (theo bng 31[5])
To = (L1 + L + L2).i/Sp
Trong :
i = 2.
L = 247mm .
L1 = {t(D-t)} + 3,5
L2 = 3mm.
Bc 1:
L1 = {2,79(40-2,79)} + 3,5 = 13,7mm.
To = (13,7 + 247 + 3).2/380 = 1,38 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 1,70 pht.
Bc 2:
L1 = {2,5(40-2,5)} + 3,5 = 13,2mm.
1/ 2

1/ 2

1/ 2

1/ 2

1/ 2

1/ 2

1/ 2

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

To = (13,2 + 247 + 3).2/380 = 1.38 pht.


Tct = 1,23.To = 1,70 pht.
Bc 3:
L1 = {0,16(40-0,16)} + 3,5 = 6,0mm.
To = (6,0 + 247 + 3).2/235 = 2,2 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 2,68 pht.
4.Nguyn cng 4:
Bc 1: Khoan l thng sut.
Theo cng thc bng 28[5] ta c:
To = (L1 + L2 + L).i/Sp (pht)
Trong :
i = 2.
L1 = (d/2).cotg + (0,5 + 2) =
(15,5/2)cotg30 + (0,5 + 2) = 7,0mm.
L2 = (1 3)mm.
L = 35mm.
To = (7,0 + 2 + 35).2/380,8 = 0,24 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,28 pht.
Bc 2: khot rng l thng sut.
Theo cng thc bng 28[5] ta c:
To = (L + L1 +L2).i/Sp (pht)
Trong :
i = 2.
L = 35mm.
L1 = (D-d).2cotg + (0,5 + 2) = (15,915,5).2cotg30 + (0,5 + 2) = 2,8mm.
L2 = 3mm.
To = (35 + 2,8 + 3).2/680 = 0,12 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,24 pht.
1/ 2

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Bc 3: doa l thng sut.


Theo cng thc bng 28[5] ta c:
To = (L + L1 +L2).i/Sp (pht)
Trong :
i = 2.
L = 35mm.
L1 = (D-d).2cotg + (0,5 + 2) = (16,015,9).2cotg30 + (0,5 + 2) = 2,9mm.
L2 = 3mm.
To = (35 + 2,9 + 3).i/680 = 0,12 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,24 pht.
5. Nguyn cng 5:
Bc 1: khot rng l thng sut(th).
Theo cng thc bng 28[5] ta c:
To = (L + L1 +L2).i/Sp (pht)
Trong :
i = 1.
L = 12mm.
L1 = (D-d).2cotg + (0,5 + 2) = (4035,6).2cotg30 + (0,5 + 2) = 6,3mm.
L2 = 3mm.
To = (12 + 6,3 + 3).1/440 = 0,05 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,06 pht.
Bc 2: khot rng l thng sut(tinh).
i = 1.
L = 12mm.
L1 = (D-d).2cotg + (0,5 + 2) = (42,040,0).2cotg30 + (0,5 + 2) = 4,2mm.
L2 = 3mm.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

To = (12 + 4,2 + 3).1/158,6 = 0,12 pht.


Tct = 1,23.To = 0,15 pht.
6.Nguyn cng 6: khot cn mt u.
Theo cng thc bng 28[5] ta c:
To = (L + L1).i/Sp (pht)
Trong :
i = 2.
L = 3mm.
L1 = 2mm.
Sp = 342mm/pht.
To = (3 + 2)/342 = 0,01 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,02 pht.
7.Nguyn cng 7: xc rnh then.
Ta c cng thc:
To = (L + L1).i/Sp (pht)
Trong :
i = 2; L = 2mm ; L1 = 2mm ; Sp =
9,6mm/pht.
To = (2 + 2).2/9,6 = 0,83 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 1,03 pht.
8.Nguyn cng 8: ct t bng dao phay
a.
Theo cng thc trong bng 31[5] ta c:
To = (L + L1 + L2).i/Sp (pht)
Trong :
i = 1.
L = 62mm.
L1 = {t(D-t)} + (0,5 + 3) = {15(90-15)} +
(0,5 + 3) = 37mm.
L2 = 3mm.
1/ 2

1/ 2

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Sp = 188,8mm/pht.
To = (62 + 37 + 3).1/188,8 = 0,54 pht.
Tct = 1,23.To = 0,66 pht.

Chng 9: Tnh v thit k g.


1. Xc nh kch thc my K135(2A135).
- Kch thc bn my: 400 450mm .
- Khong cch ln nht t trc chnh n
bn my: 300mm.
- Khong chuyn ng ln xung ca bn
my: 200mm.
2. Phng php nh v.
Chi tit c nh v 6 bc t do.
nh v 3 bc bng mt phng qua phin
t.
nh v 2 bc bng cht tr ngn.
nh v 1 bc cn li bng cht trm.
Cc c cu nh v l c nh.
3. Xc nh phng chiu, im t lc
w1
w2
ct, lc kp.
Mx
a
Fms2'
Fms1'
P
S lc tc dng ln chi tit:
2

Fms2

Fms1

N1

N3 a

N2

b
c

Fms2

Fms3'

Fms2'
c

Fms3
b

Fms1

Fms1'

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Lc tc dng ln chi tit bao gm:


N1,N2,N3: Phn lc phin t.
P : Lc ct chiu trc.
Mx : M men xon do ct gy ra.
W1,W2 : Lc kp chi tit.
Fms1,Fms2,Fms3 : Cc lc ma st trn b
mt tip xc gia phin t v chi tit.
Cc phng trnh cn bng lc:
Phng trnh lc theo phng ng tm l:
(1)
P + W1 + W2 - N1 - N2 -N3 = 0
Phng trnh m men qua ng tm l tr
gia:
M - (Fms1 + Fms2 + Fms1 + Fms2)R Fms3.r = 0
(2)
Trong :
Fms1 = N1.f
Fms2 = N2.f
Fms1 = W1.f

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

Fms2 = W2.f
f : h s ma st gia b mt chi tit v
g(tra bng 43[5]), f = 0,4.
R : Khong cch gia tm l gia v l bin,
R = 107mm = 0,107m.
r : Bn knh trung bnh b mt tip xc
gia mt u phn tr gia v phin t, r =
26mm = 0,026m.
Phng trnh m men qua ng bb .
W1.R - W2.R - N1.R + N2.R = 0
(3)
Phng trnh m men qua ng cc .
(P-N3).R-(W1-N1)2R=0
(4)
V chi tit i xng nn: W1 = W2 = W.
(3) N1 = N2 = N.
(2) M - 4NfR - N3.f.r = 0
(5)
(1) P + 2W - 2N - N3 = 0
(6)
(4) P - N3 = 2(W-N1) N3 = P-2(W-N)
Thay N3 vo (1):
P+2W-2N-P+2(W-N)=0
W=N
(6) P=N3
(5) M=4N.f.R-P.f.r
N=(M-P.f.r)/4f.R=W.
W=(102-1124.0,026.0,4)/4.0,4.0,107=527
(N)
Lc kp cn thit: W=k.W
k : l h s an ton c tnh n kh nng
lm tng lc ct trong qu trnh gia cng.
k=ko.k1.k2.k3.k4.k5.k6
'

'

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

ko: h s an ton cho tt c cc trng hp,


ko=1,5.
k1: h s lm tng lc ct khi dao mn,
k1=1,0.
k2: h s s tnh n trng hp tng lc
ct khi bng thay i, khi gia cng th
k2=1,2.
k3: h s tng lc ct khi gia cng gin
on, k3=1.
k4: h s tnh n sai s ca c cu kp
cht, khi kp bng tay k4=1,3.
k5: h s tnh n mc thun li ca c
cu kp bng tay,k5=1.
k6: h s tnh n m men lm quay chi
tit, k6=1,5.
k=1,5.1,2.1,0.1.1,3.1.1,5=3,5
W=527.2,5=1317(N)
4. Kim tra bn cho cc chi tit ca
g.
Cc chi tit trn g tr n kp u
chu ng sut nn vi lc ct v lc kp khng
ln nn khng phi tnh cho cc chi tit ,
ch tnh cho n kp chu m men un.
S lc tc dng ln n kp(hv3).
Cc phng trnh cn bng cho chi tit:
- Phng trnh cn bng lc:
N2
F = N2-W-N1 = 0
(1)
- Phng trnh cn bng mWmen:
M(A) = N2.l2-N1.l1 = 0
(2)
T (1) v (2) ta c:

N1

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

W .l 2 1317.45
=
= 1177 ( N )
l1 l 2 100 45
N 2 = N1 + W = 1177 + 1317 = 2394 ( N )

N1 =

Biu m men un tc dng ln chi tit:


y mt ct ti B chu m men un ln
nht , ng
thi y chi tit c tit din nh nht v
thay i t
ngt , ta ch kim tra bn cho chi tit tit
din ny.
A =

MB
WX

Trong Wx l m men chng un, c


tnh
bng cng thc:
b.h 2
10.14 2
=2
= 653mm 3 = 653.10 9 m 3
6
6
131,7
A = 653.10 9 = 2.10 8 N / m 2 = 200 MPa < [ ] = 600 MPa
WX = 2

chi tit bn. N2


A

N1

131,7Nm

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

5. Xc nh sai s ch to cho php ca


g.
Sai s ch to cho php ca g c tnh
bng cng thc:
[ct] =[gd] -([c] +k +m + dc )
Trong :
gd : sai s g t , c ly bng /3, vi
l dung sai nguyn cng , =200m.
gd = 200/3 = 67m.
c : sai s chun, do chun nh v khng
trng gc kch thc.
2

O3 O2

O1

Ta c chui kch thc:


H = O1O2 + O2O3 = a + H1 = a + (d1d2)/2
c(H) = (d1-d2)/2 = (18-11)/2 = 4m.
k : sai s kp cht, y phng lc kp
vung gc vi phng kch thc thc hin nn
k=0.
m : sai s do mn g.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

m = .N
: h s ph thuc kt cu nh v,
= 0,3.
N : s lng chi tit c gia cng trn g,
N = 5000.
m = 0,3. 5000 = 21m.
dc : sai s iu chnh, dc = 10 m.
[ct] ={67 -(4 +0 +21 +10 )} = 62m.
6. iu kin k thut ca g.
khng vung gc gia l bc v mt y
g 0,062m.
song song gia mt phin t v mt
y g 0,062m.
khng vung gc gia cht tr v mt
y g 0,062m.
1/ 2

1/ 2

1/ 2

Li kt.
Vi s hng dn tn tnh ca thy gio, sau
khi hon thnh n cng ngh ch to my
em hiu thm c nhiu vn v cng
ngh gia cng chi tit ni chung v gia cng
chi tit ca em ni ring, ngoi ra em cn c
hc thm v phng php thit k ti liu cng
ngh gia cng chi tit my, ng thi vi cc
loi my em dng trong cng ngh ch to chi
tit ca mnh em cng c hiu su sc
hn. em xin trn thnh cm n s gip
ca cc thy gio trong b mn cng ngh ch
to my c nhng ch bo tn tnh khi em

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

gp kh khn trong khi lm n ny. c


bit l c gio Nguyn kim Nga.

Ht

Ti liu tham kho


[1].Cng ngh ch to my.

n cng ngh ctm


ctm4-k42

hong vn thng-

NXB KHKT -H Ni 1998.


Ch bin v hiu nh :
PGS,PTS Nguyn c Lc,PGS,PTS L Vn
Tin.
[2].S tay v Atlas g.
NXB KHKT - H Ni 2000.
PGS,PTS Trn Vn ch.
[3]. g.
NXB KHKT - H Ni 1999.
PGS,PTS L Vn Tin, PGS,PTS Trn Vn
ch,PTS Trn Xun Vit.
[4].Ch to phi- tp 1,2.
NXB HBK - 1993.
Hong Tng, Phm B Nng, Nguyn Vn Ho,
inh Cng M, Nguyn Luyn.
[5].Thit K n Cng Ngh Ch To My.
NXB KHKT- H Ni 2000.
PGS,TS Trn Vn ch.
[6].S Tay Cng Ngh Ch To My, tp 1,2.
NXB KHKT - H Ni 2000.
Nguyn c Lc, Ninh c Tn, L Vn Tin,
Trn Xun Vit.
[7].S Tay Cng Ngh Ch To My.
NXB KHKT - H Ni 1998.
Ch bin: Trn Vn ch.

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