Thuyt minh

n cng ngh ch to my

Chng 1: Phn tch chc nng lm vic, tnh

cng
ngh trong kt cu ca chi tit:
1) Chc nng lm vic:
Chi tit trc co nhim v trc tng cng vng
ca trc khi lm vic. Ngoi ra vi nhng trc c kch thc chiu
di ln th trc cn c nhim v chng vng trc.
Vi tnh nng l trc cng tc do b mt l 40 s l b
mt lm vic chnh ca .
Cht lng ca l 40 s quyt nh n bn, d lm vic
n nh ca trc trong . L 40 gia cng cng chnh xc
xo vi kch thc trc th khi trc lm vic s kh c gi gia
trc v v do trnh c hin tng va p gy ting n.
Cn v nhn ca l 40: Nu l 40 c nhn thp khi
s gy ra hin tng b mi mn rt nhanh. Nhng nu b
mt l 40 m c nhn qu cao th ngoi vn cng
ngh gia cng kh n s cn gy ra hin tng ma st kh gia
trc v . Do vn l phi chn c nhng thng s ph
hp cho l 40.
Mt vn na cng gy nh hng n cht lng ca
trc: l vt liu c chn lm . Vt liu phi c chn sao
cho hp l, m bo v gi thnh sn xut, kh nng gia cng v
c bit l kh nng c th nhit luyn t c cng
theo yu cu ra i vi chi tit.
Vi chi tit trc cho nh hnh v th cc thng s v hnh
dng v v tr cn quan tm l:
- tr ca l 40.
1

- song song gia mt y v ng tm l 40.

- phng ca mt y.
- vung gc gia tm l v hai mt u.
2) Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong kt cu ca chi tit:
- Vi chi tit cho nh bn v, v kt cu c n gin ho
gn nh hon thin. Vi kt cu n gin nh vy ta nn chn phng php to phi l c.
- Cc b mt gia cng ch yu l cc b mt l v mt
phng. Do nn s dng cc phng php gia cng nh phay,
khoan, khot,doa. V nhng phng php ny cho nng sut cao.
- V c bn, tt c cc b mt cn gia cng th dng c ct
u c th tip cn c kh l d dng. B mt 40 c th d
dng gia cng t chnh xc cao bng cc phng php
nh: doa, mi, chut l

Chng 2: Thit k s b phng n cng ngh:

| / Xc nh dng sn xut:
xc nh dng sn xut, ta xc nh theo phng php gn
ng:
*/S lng chi tit tng cng cn ch to trong 1 nm c
xc nh :
N = N1m(1+

+
)
100

N1: S lng sn phm cn ch to trong nm theo k hoch.

m : S lng chi tit trong 1 sn phm. (m = 1)
: lng sn phm d phng do sai hng khi ch to phI gy
ra .
: Lng sn phm d tr cho hng hc v ph phm trong qu
trnh gia cng c.
= 3 - 6 %
=5-7%
N1= 11000 chic/ nm.
N = 11000. (1+

5+6
) =12210 sn phm/ nm
100

N = 12210 sp/nm.
*/ Khi lng chi tit c xc nh:
Q= V. (kg).
3

Q : khi lng ca chi tit (kg).

V: th tch (cm3)
: Khi lng ring ca vt liu (kg/cm3). Gang xm = (6,8
7,4) kg/cm3.
Ta c : V = V1+ V2
V1= (.402.120) (.202.120) = 452389 mm3.= 0, 45239 dm3
V2 = 150. 170. 39 = 994500 mm3. = 0,995 dm3.
Q = ( V1+ V2).
= (0,452398 + 0,995). 7,4
= 10,7 (kg) 11(kg).
Vi Q = 11 kg
N= 12210 sn phm/ nm . Tra bng 2.6/31<HDTKDA
CNCTM> xc nh c dng sn xut l hng khi.
|| / Chn phi v phng php to phi:
Vi vt liu lm phi l gang xm v iu kin sn xut l
Nh My C Kh Duyn Hi nn ta chn phng php to phi l
phi c.
Tra bng 2.11/36 HDTK ta chn c cp chnh xc cho phi l
CCX1 v sai lch kch gii hn l 0,3 mm.
|||/Thit k s b tin trnh cng ngh gia cng c chi
tit:
1/ Phn tch chun v nh v khi gia cng:

chon chun khi gia

cng ta c 3 phng n:
*Phng n 1: Dng mt 2
lm chun th cho nguyn
cng gia cng mt 1.
Vi phng n ny cho php
t c song song

gia mt 2 v 1 mt cch
d dng. mt 1 sau ki gia
cng s c s dng
gia cng cc mt cn li.
V vy mt 1 va l

chun o va l chun
nh v nn vic t c
kch thc 100 0.0175 mm l
d dng. M kch thc
100 0.0175 l kch
thc yu cu quan trng nht khi chi tit lm vic.

*Phng n 2: Dng mt l 40 ca phI lm chun th gia

cng mt 1.
Vi phng n ny, ta cn 1 im t khng ch bc t do quay
ca chi tit. Phng n ny cho php t c kch thc 100 0.0175
cng kh d dngv dy ca thnh cng lng d khi gia cng
40 s u hn. Tuy nhin kh nng t c kch thc 390.1 l
kh khn. Nhng cha phI l kh khn chnh, m kh khn
chnh y l nh v bng l 40 ca phI rt phc tp, thi
gian g t lu, khng ph hp vi dng sn xut hng khi.
*Phng n 3: C th s dng b mt ngoI 80 lm chun.
Phng n ny cng tng t nh phng n 2. Tc l kh g t
v lu.
Do , vi chi tit l trc, yu cu ng u thnh l
40 l khng cao nn ta s dng phng n th nht l hp l nht.
2/ Xc nh cc bc cng ngh gia cng c cho tng b
mt v trnh t thc hin gia cng cc b mt .
5

a/ B mt y:( mt 1)
-V mt l mt phng,
yu cu nhm b mt l
Ra=2.5m nn khi gia cng b
mt ny ta c th s dng phng php phay bng dao phay
mt u.
chnh xc t c l:
Phayth:CX 14-11; Ra=12.53.2 m.
Phay tinh:CX 12-11;Ra=3.21.6m

b/B mt 2:
-Sau khi b mt 1 c gia cng
xong ta ly b mt 1 lm
chun gia cng b mt 2.
t c nng sut cao ta
cng dng phng php phay
bng dao phay mt u.
chnh xc t c l:
Phay th:CX 14-11;Ra=12.53.2 m.
Phay tinh:CX 12-11; Ra= 3.21.6m

c/ Khoan 4l 15:
chnh xc t c l:
CCX: 12 ; Ra= 25-12.5 m.

d/Phay hai mt u l 40:

Ta cng dng phng php
phay.
chnh xc t c l:
Phay th:CX14-11;Ra=12.53.2 m.
Phay tinh:CX 12-11; Ra= 3.21.6m .

e/Khoan l 6:
chnh xc t c l:
CCX: 12; Ra = 25 - 12.5m.

f/Gia cng l 40:

gia cng b mt
l 40, khi c ta to
sn l, nn khi gia cng
ta lam th t cc bc
nh sau:
Khot :
CCX 11; Rz = 401.25m.
Doa:
Doa th:
CCX9; Rz = 400.63m.
Doa tinh:
CCX7 ; Rz = 2.50.62m.

Bng tin trnh cng ngh gia cng

N

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Ni dung ng/cng
Phay mt
Phay th
Phay tinh
Phay mt bch(2)
Phay th
Phay tinh
Gia cng 4l 15
Phay mt u l
40:
Phay th
Phay tinh
Khoan l 6
Gia cng l 40:
khot th
Khot tinh
Doa th
Doa tinh

chnh
xc cn t

nhm b
mt cn
t(m)

14-11
12-11

12.5-3.2
2.5

14-11
12-11
12

12.5-3.2
2.5
25-12.5

14-11
12-11

12.5-3.2
3.2-1.6

12

25-12.5

11
10
9
7

40-0.63
1.25

K/thc gia
cng ln
nht

Chng 3: Tnh lng d gia cng.

Lng d gia cng l lp kim loi c bc i trong qu trnh gia cng
c.
tnh lng d cho chi tit gia cng, ta tnh lng d cho b mt l
40, sau tra lng d cho cc b mt cn li.
- Quy nh cp chnh xc cho tng nguyn cng:
+/ PhI c CCXI < Bng 2.11/36 HDTK>
IT = 0.6mm = 600m
+/Khot
Khot th : CCX 11 : IT = 160m
Khot tinh: CCX 10 ; IT = 100m
+/ Doa:
Doa th: CCX : 9 ; IT = 62m
Doa tinh: CCS : 7 ; IT = 25 m .
- Gi tr tng cng Rz v Ta c trng cho phi c cp chnh
xc 1:
Rz + Ta = 600 m. < Bng 3.2/ HDTK>
- Xc nh cc gi tr ;
+/ Sai s khng gian tng cng i loi phI chn khi gia cng l
40H7.
p dng cng thc:

ph

CV 2 + LK 2
9

 CV : sai s d cong vnh ca mt l sau khi c. Sai s ny

phi c tnh theo 2 phng( dc trc v hng knh).

2
2
= ( k .d ) + (l. k )
Trong : k: cong vnh n v ly theo bng 3.7.

cv

k = 0.7
d: ng knh ca l gia cng
l: chiu di l gia cng.

cv

(0,7.40) 2 + (0,7.120)

= 88,54 mm.

lk:

sai s do lch thao c to l. Theo bng 3.6/71

<DHTK>, khi chi tit c nh v bng mt phng ( mt
i din vi mt gia cng th

lk

cv=

0.

B 2 C 2
) +( )
2
2

B: Dung sai kch thc B = 100 theo cp chnh xc I ca phi.

Tra bng 2.11 ta c B= 400 m.
C: Dung sai kch thc C= 75 theo cp chnh xc I ca phi.
Tra bng 2.11/HDTK C=0,2-(-0,2) =0,4mm = 400m.

lk

400 2
400 2
) +(
) = 284 m.
2
2

Vy sai s khng gian tng cng ca phi:

= CV + LK = = 284 + 88,5 = 297 m.

Sai s khng giancn st li sau khi khot th l:

ph

ci=0,05. ph

= 0,05.297 = 15m.

+/ Sai s g dt khi khot th:

g =

C 2 + K 2

Khe h ln nht gia l v cht l max= A+ B+ MIN ( l 15H7).

Vi A: dung sai ca l A= 18m.
B : dung sai ca cht B= 18m.
MIN: khe h b nht gia cht v l l MIN= 16m.

10

0.018
L v cht lp ghp 15 0.016 .

0.034

Gc quay ln nht ca chi tit so vi v tr trung gian:

tg =

0,018 + 0,018 + 0,016

120 + 95
2

0,052
= 3,4.10-4
153

Sai s nh v trn chiu dI l gia cng s l:

c = L. tg = 120. 3,4.10-4= 0,0408 mm = 41m.
Sai s kp cht phI k cho kch thc 100mm ly bng 135m.
<bng3.14/90 HDTK>
Do sai s g t khi khot th l:

g =

412 + 135

= 141 m.

+/Khot tinh khng thay i g t nn sai s g t cn st

li s l:

g2 = 0,05g + p
Vi

p= 0 nn : g2 = 0,05.141 = 7,05 (m)

+/ Xc nh Zmin:
Theo cng thc: 2Zmin= 2( RZi-1+ Ti-1+ i 1 2 + i 2 )
Khi khot th: 2Zmin1= 2( 600 +

2
297 2 + 141 ) = 2.928 (m.)

Khi khot tinh: 2Zmin2= 2(50 + 15 2 + 7 2 ) = 2.66 (m.)

Khi doa th: 2Zmin3= 2(30 +
Khi doa tinh: 2Zmin4= 2(10 +

0,45 2 ) = 2.30 (m.)

0,0225 2 ) = 2.10 (m.)

+/Xc nh dung sai ca phi:

Tra bng 2.11/36<HDTK> ta xc nh c phi= 600 m.
+/ Xc nh dung sai ca tng bc nguyn cng:
Khot th: CCX 11 ; Dung sai : 39,8H11 => = 160 m.
Khot tinh: CCX 10 ; Dung sai : 39,9H10 => = 100 m.
11

Doa th:

CCX 9; Dung sai: 40H9 => = 62 m.

Doa tinh : CCX7; Dung sai: 40H7=> = 25 m.

+/Xc nh lng d gii hn( ct kch thc gii hn):
Doa tinh : dmax4 = 40,025; dmin4 = 40,025 - 0,025 = 40.
Doa th c tnh trn bng tnh.
+/ Xc nh lng d gii hn: Thc hin trn bng.
+/ Kim tra chnh xc ca tnh ton thc hin:
ph - 4= 600- 160 = 440
Zgh max4-Zghmin4 = 1040 600 = 440
Vy cc bc tnh ton l chnh xc.
Ta c lng d tng cng: ZO min = 830 m.
ZO max = 1405 m.
=>Lng d danh ngha tng cng: ZOdn + Zmin+Tph- Tct
Tph, Tct : gii hn trn ca phI v chi tit.

ZOdn= 830 + 300 25 = 1105 m.

ddn = d ZOdn = 40 - 1,105 = 38,895 mm = 38,9 mm.

+/ Tra lng d cho cc b mt cn li:

Tra bng 3_94 < S tay cng ngh/252> Ta c lng d cho mt
u l 40 l 2,5mm vi dung sai l 0,3 mm.
Lng d cho mt cn li cn gia cng cung bng 2,50,3mm.

12

Chng 4: Xc nh ch ct

Do yu cu ca u bi ch yu cu tnh ch ct cho
nguyn cng gia cng l 40, cho nn ta ch phi tnh ch d
ct cho nguyn cng . Cn cc nguyn cng khc ta tra bng.
1/Ch ct khi gia cng l 40:
Khi gia cng l 40 nguyn cng to phI ta to sn l vi ng
knh c xc nh phn tnh lng d gia cng l: d =
38,9(mm).
Chn my: My doa ngang ca Nga 2613. Cng sut 4.5 Kw < S
tay CN T3/52>
Chn dao : P18
a/ Chiu su ct (t):
13

Khi khot v doa ta ly t = 0,5(D-d) <S tay cng ngh/20 T2>

t = 0,5(40 38,9) = 0,55 mm.

Khot th : t = 0,25 mm

Khot tinh : t = 0,15 mm.

Doa th : t = 0,1 mm.

Doa tinh : t = 0,05 mm.

b/Lng chy dao: S (mm/vg).

*)Khot bng dao khot thp gi. Tra bng 5_26/22 <S tay CN
T2>
Vi ng knh mi khot D>40 mm.
- Khot th: S = 1,4 (mm/vg).
- Khot tinh, nhn Sth vi h s iu chnh: Stinh= 1,4. 0,7 =
0,98 mm.
*)Doa:
- Doa th: <Bng 5_27 s tay CN T2>. ng knh mi doa D =
35 40 mm, vt liu gia cng l Gn xm c HB = 200.
=> Sth = 3,4 mm.
Khi doa tinh ta gim lng chy dao I mt lng bng cch nhn vi
h s iu chnh: Stinh= 3,4.0,8= 2,72 (mm).
c/Tc ct: V (m/ph)
Tc ct khi khot v doa:
CV .D q
Ap dng cng thc: V = m x y .kV
T .t .S

CV v cc s m tra bng 5_29 < S tay CN T2>

Tra bng 5_29:
Vt liu li ct: P6M5
Cv = 18,8
q = 0,2
14

x = 0,1
y = 0,4
m = 0,125
T = 50 <Tra bng 5_30>
=> Vct khi khot th.
18,8.39,15 0, 2
.k V
V = 0,125
50 .0,25 0,1.1,4 0, 4

Vi kV = kMV. kUV. klv

kMV: H s ph thuc vt liu gia cng. Tra bng 5_1 5_4 <S
tay CN T2>
kMV

190
=
HB

nV

nV : Tra bng 5_2 < S tay cng ngh T2> nV = 1,3

1, 3

kMV

190
= 200 = 0,93

+)kUV: Vi vt liu li ct l P6M5. tra bng 5_6 < S tay CN T2>.

KUV= 1,0
+) klv: H s ph thuc chiu su khoan. Vi doa v khot klv
khng xc nh.
=> kV = kMV. kUV = 1. kMV = 0,93
=> Vn tc ct khi khot th
V=

18,8.39,15 0, 2
.0,93 = 22,4 (m/ph)
50 0,125 .0,25 0,1.1,4 0, 4

- Vn tc ct khi khot tinh:

18,8.39,30, 2
.0,93 = 27 (m/ph)
V = 0,125
50 .0,150,1.0,980, 4

-Vn tc ct khi doa th:

18,8.39,4 0, 2
V = 0,125 0,1 0, 4 .0,93 = 17,27 (m/ph)
50 .0,1 .3,4

-Vn tc khi doa tinh:

18,8.39,450, 2
.0,93 = 20,25 (m/ph)
V = 0,125
50 .0,050,1.2,72 0, 4

d/ M men xon Mx (Nm) v lc chiu trc Po(N):

*)M men xon khi khot:
Mx= 10.CM.Dq.tx.Sy.kp

<S tay CN T2>

15

CM v cc s m tra bng 5_32/25 <S tay CN T2>

CM = 0,196
q = 0,85
x = 0,8
y = 0,7
n

kP= kMP Bng 5_9 < S tay CN T2>. kMP

HB
200
=
=

190
190

0,6

= 1,03

Mx= 10. 0,196.39,150,85.0,250,8.1,40,7.1,03 = 19 (Nm)

*)M men xon khi doa:
y

C .t x .S Z .D.Z
Mx = P
(Nm)
2.100

Sz =

S
3,4
=
= 0,85 (mm/rng).
Z
4

CP v cc h s m tra bng 5_23 < S tay CN T2>

CP = 92
= 1
y = 0,75
n=0
92.0,11.0,85 0,75.39,4.4
=> Mx =
= 1,6 (Nm)
2.100

e/ Cng xut ct:

Ap dng cng thc:

Ne =

M x .n
9750

< S tay cng

ngh T2>
-S vong quay ca trc chnh khi khot th:
n=

1000.22,4
1000 .V
1000.V
= .39khoetho
=
= 182(vg/ph)
,4
.39,15
.D

-S vong quay ca trc chnh khi khot tinh:

n=

1000.27
1000.V
1000.V
= .39khoettinh
=
= 218,7(vg/ph)
,4
.39,3
.D

-S vng quay ca trc chnh khi doa th:

n=

1000.17,27
1000.V
1000.V
= .39doatho
=
= 139,5 (vg/ph)
,4
.39,4
.D

-S vng quay ca trc chnh khi doa tinh:

16

n=

1000.20,25
1000.V
1000.V
= .39doatinh
=
= 163,4 (vg/ph)
,4
.39,45
.D

2/ Ch ct gia cng mt y:
Chn my: chn my phay 6H11(my phay ng vn nng
cngxn ca Nga), cng sutmy 1,7 kw. <S tay CN T3/74>
Chn dao: dng dao phay mt u P18
Lng d gia cngphay 2 ln l Zb=2,5 mm
Lng chy dao:

Phay tinh S=1,82mm/vng

Phay th S=3,08mm/vng

Chiu su ct:

Khi phay tinh t = 0,5 mm

Khi phay th t = 2 mm

Tc ct:
Tc ct theo bng vb=103m/ph
Tc ct tnh ton vt=vb.K
K =K1.K2.K3.K4
K1 h s cng ph thuc vt liu K1=1
K2 h s ph thuc trng thi b mt K2=0,75
K3 h s ph thuc tui bn dao K3=1
K4 h sph thuc dng gia cng K4=0,8
Vy Vt=103.1.0,75.0,8.1=122mm/ph
S vng quay trc chnh:

nt =

1000
.Vt 1000
.122
=
= 259v / ph
D
3,14.150

S vng quay theo my:nm=280v/ph

Tc ct thc t:
Vtt =

3,14.280.150
= 131,35mm / ph
1000

Lng chy dao: Sp=1,44.280=403,2(mm/ph)

Chn theo thng s my Sm =150v/ph
17

3/ Ch phay mt bch:
Tng t nh phay mt y.
Chn my: chn my phay 6H11,cng sutmy 1,7 kw.
Chn dao: dng dao phay mt u
Lng d gia cngphay 2 ln l Zb=2,5 mm
Lng chy dao:

Phay tinh S=1,82mm/vng

Phay th S=3,08mm/vng

Chiu su ct:

Khi phay tinh t = 0,5 mm

Khi phay th t = 2 mm

Tc ct:
Tc ct theo bng vb=103m/ph
Tc ct tnh ton vt=vb.K
K =K1.K2.K3.K4
K1 h s cng ph thuc vt liu K1=1
K2 h s ph thuc trng thi b mt K2=0,75
K3 h s ph thuc tui bn dao K3=1
K4 h sph thuc dng gia cng K4=0,8
Vy Vt=103.1.0,75.0,8.1=122mm/ph
S vng quay trc chnh ca my: 200 vg/ph

1000
.Vt 1000
.122
=
= 259v / ph

D
3
,
14
.
150
3,14.280.150

nt =
Vtt =

1000

= 131,35mm / ph

Tc ct thc t:
Lng chy dao: Sp=1,44.280=403,2(mm/ph)
Chn theo thng s my Sm =150v/ph
4/Ch gia cng 4l 15
*) Khoan:

18

- Chn my: Chn my khoan ng 2H118 < Bng P3.11/ HDTK

CNCTM>
Nm=1,1Kw, n = 200(v/ph)
- Chn dao: chn mi khoan P18
Sv= 0,38 mm/vg.
V = 26,5 mm/ph.
t = 7,25 mm.
n= 200 vg/ph.
Mmen xon : Mx= CmD2 Sym Kmm= 23,6.152.0.10,8 = 841,6 (Nmm)
Vy vi my khoan 2H118 ta c cng sut.
*)Doa:
- Dao doa: Thp P18.
S = 0,38.0,75 = 0,285 mm/vg.
nmy = 150 vg/ph.
t = 0,25 mm
5/ Ch phay mt u l 40:
Chn my phay: 6H82T
Chn dao P18, ng knh dao 200 mm
Chiu su ct t1= 2 (mm)
t2 = 0,5 (mm)
Lng chy dao trn 1 rng (bng 5.170S tay CN T2) Sz=
0.08(mm/rng).

S = Sz.150 rng = 0,15.50 = 4 mm/vg

Tc ct tnh ton
Vt= Vb .K1. K2.K 3 .K4=1,12.0,8.1.1.141=126,336 (mm/f)
Vi Vb tra bng 216-2
S vng quay trc chnh :
Nt =

1000.Vt
D

1000.126,336
=201 (vg/f)
3,14.200

Chn s vng quay thoe thng s ca my: nm=190(v/f)

19

Bc tin dao Sm=150(mm/ph).

=> Stinh = 150/ 201 = 0.74 mm/vg
6/ Ch ct khi khoan l 6:
- Chn my: Chn my khoan ng 2H118 < Bng P3.11/ HDTK
CNCTM>
Nm=1,1Kw, n = 200(v/ph)
- Chn dao: chn mi khoan P18, ng knh dao d = 6 mm.
Sv= 0,38 mm/vg.
V = 26,5 mm/ph.
t = 3 mm.
Chng 5: Xc nh thi gian gia cng c bn
1/ Thi gian c bn khi gia cng mt :
Tcb =(L + L1 + L2 / S.n ). i

(ph)

L1 = t ( D d ) + (0,5 30)mm
L2 = (2-5)mm
i: S hnh trnh dc i = 1.
t : Chiu su ct.
n : tc trc chnh
D: ng knh ngoI ca dao.
d: ng knh chn rng ca dao.
Thi gian c bn khi phay th:
L1 =

2(250 200) + (0,5 30)mm = 30 mm

L2 = 3 mm.
Tcb th =

150 + 30 + 3
= 0,214 (ph)
3,08.280

Thi gian c bn khi phay tinh:

L1 =

0,5(250 200) + (0,5 30)mm = 30 mm

20

L2 = 3 mm.
Tcb th =

150 + 30 + 3
= 0,364 (ph).
1,82.280

2/ Thi gian c bn khi phay mt bch:

Phay th:
Tcb = 6.l.10-3 = 6(95 + 30).10-3 = 750.10-3 ph
Phay tinh:
Tcb = 4.l.10-3 = 4(95 + 30).10-3 = 500.10-3 ph
3/ Thi gian c bn khi khoan l 15:
L1 + L2 + L
< Bng 5.4/ HDTK DA>
S .n
d
L1 = cotg 60 + (0,5-2)mm.
2
15
L1 = cotg 60 + 1mm. = 5,3 mm.
2

Tcb =

L2 = (1 3)mm. ly L2 = 2 mm.
S = 0,38
n = 200 vg/ph
Tcb =

5,3 + 2 + 36
= 0,57 ph.
0,38.200

4/ Thi gian c bn khi phay mt u:

Tcb =

L1 + L2 + L
.i
S .n

(ph)

L1 = t ( D d ) + (0,5 30)mm
L2 = (2-5)mm
i: S hnh trnh dc i = 1.
t : Chiu su ct.
n : tc trc chnh
D: ng knh ngoI ca dao.
d: ng knh chn rng ca dao.
Thi gian c bn khi phay th:
L1 =

2(250 200) + (0,5 30)mm = 30 mm

21

L2 = 3 mm.
Tcb th =

150 + 30 + 3
= 0,214 (ph)
3,08.280

Thi gian c bn khi phay tinh:

L1 =

0,5(250 200) + (0,5 30)mm = 30 mm

L2 = 3 mm.
Tcb th =

150 + 30 + 3
= 0,364 (ph).
1,82.280

5/ Thi gian c bn khi khoan l 6:

L1 + L2 + L
< Bng 5.4/ HDTK DA>
S .n
d
L1 = cotg 60 + (0,5-2)mm.
2

Tcb =

L1 =

6
cotg 60 + 1mm. = 2,7 mm.
2

L2 = (1 3)mm. ly L2 = 2 mm.
S = 0,3
n = 200 vg/ph
Tcb =

20 + 2,7 + 2
= 0,4 ph.
0,3.200

6/ Thi gian c bn khi gia cng l 40:

Tnh theo phng php gn ng: <Bng 2.2/ HDTK DA>
Khot l:
Tcb = 0,21.d.l = 0,21.38,9.120.10-3 = 980.10-3 ph.
Doa l:
Tcb = 0,21.d.l = 0,21.39,3.120.10-3 = 990.10-3 ph.

22

Chng 6: Tnh ton v thit k g

Khi thit k g cn tun theo cc bc sau y:
6.1. Xc nh kch thc ca bn my :
khong cch t bn my ti trc chnh l 450 1600
khong cch tm trc chnh n tr my l 450 1600
l nhng s liu cn thit xc nh kch thc g.
9.2. Xc nh phng php nh v.
Chi tit c nh v trn mt phng nh v chnh gm:
Phin t phng nh v 3 bc t do hai cht t nh v vo
u nh ca chi tit to thnh mt khi V c nh hn ch 2 bc
t do. Mt cht t nh v vo u to ca tay bin hn ch mt
bc t do nh vy chi tit c nh v 6 bc t do

23

9.3. V ng bao ca chi tit ti nguyn cng thit k

g( theo t l 1:1). ng bao ca chi tit v bng nt chm
gch. Vic th hin hai hoc ba hnh chiu l tu thuc vo
mc phc tp ca g. Hnh chiu th nht ca chi tit
phI c th hin ng v tr ang gia cng trn my.
9.4. Xc nh phng, chiu v im t ca lc ct, lc
kp.
Phng ca lc kp vung gc vi thn tay bin . im t ca lc
kp ta chn vo gia ca phin kp (PK thu gn v). Lc PZ
vung gc vi mt nhv chnh cng lm cho chi tit p vo
mt nh v.
9.5. Tnh lc kp cn thit.
Khi khot v doa ta thy: M men xon MX lm cho chi tit b
lt, khi tnh g ta b qua lc PZ m ch tnh n m men
xon MX=44(N/mm) tnh phn trc. chi tit khng b lt
th lc kp phi ln hn v phi thng m men xon, da vo
s ta c phng trnh:
MX

MX = P1l1 P1 = l
1

39,8
=19,9
2
4,4
P1 = 19,9 =0,22 (KG) =2,2 (N)

M l1=

T s ta c phng trnh cn bng:

K .P1

K .P1< W . fms W = f
ms
Trong :
f : h s ma st, khi b mt tip xc l tinh f =0,2
K = K0. K1. K2. K3. K4. K5. K6
K0 : H s an ton trong mi trng hp

K0

= 1,5
K1 : H s k n lc ct tng khi bng khng thay
i K1 = 1,2;
24

K2

dao

cn

lm

tng

lc

ct

K2 = 1,2
K3 : H s k n v ct khng lin tc lm tng lc ct
K3 = 1,2
K4 : H s k n sai s ca c cu kp cht
K4 = 1,3
K5 : H s k n mc thun li ca c cu kp bng
tay K5 = 1
K6

mmen

lm

quay

chi

tit

K6 1,5
K = 1,5 . 1,2 .1,2 .1,2 . 1,3 .1 . 1,5 = 5,05
Thay vo ta c:
W=

2,2.5,05
=56(N) = 5,6 (KG)
0,2

Nh vy chi tit c m bo kp cht

9.6. Chn c cu kp cht. C cu ny ph thuc vo loi
g mt v tr hay nhiu v tr, ph thuc vo sn lng chi tit
hay tr s lc kp: Ta chn c cu kp ren vt n
9.7. V cc chi tit ph ca g nh vt, ai c, phin dn
v cc b phn khc nh bc dn thay nhanh
9.8. V thn g.
9.9. V 2 hnh chiu ca g v xc nh ng v tr
ca tt c cc chi tit trong g.
Cn ch ti tnh cng ngh khi gia cng v lp rp, ng thi
phi ch ti phng php g v tho chi tit.
9.10. V nhng phn ct trch cn thit ca g.
9.11. Lp bng k khai cc chi tit ca g.
9.12. Tnh sai s ch to cho php ca g [ CT]:

25

- L 40+0.015 c gia cng bng dao nh hnh v dao nh

kch thc, sai s ca g khng nh hng n sai s kch thc

v sai s hnh dng ca b mt gia cng.
- L 40+0.015 c gia cng bng phin dn, vy sai s g

nh hng n khong cch tm ca cc l gia cng v khong

cch t mt nh v ti tm l.
Sai s g t c tnh theo cng thc sau( do phng ca cc
sai s kh xc nh ta dng cng thc vct ):
gd = c + k + dcg = c + k + ct + m + dc

Trong :
- c: sai s chun : c = 0 (chun nh v trng vi gc kch
thc)
- k: sai s kp cht :k = 0 (phng ca lc kp vung gc vi

phng ca kch thc)

- m: sai s mn. Sai s mn c xc nh theo cng thc sau

y:
m = . N (m)

: h s ph thuc vo kt cu nh v = 0,1
N: sn lng chi tit hng nm
N = 15000
Thay vo ta c: m= 0,1. 15000 = 7,28 (m)
c: sai s iu chnh: c = 5 10 m
chn c = 5 (m)
g: sai s g t g =

1
1
= . 0,03= 0,01 mm = 10 (m)
3
3

Sai s ch to cho php ca g:

[ ] [ + +
= 10 [0 + 0 + 7,28

[ct] =

gd

2
c

2
k

2
m

+ dc2

+ 5 2 = 4,69(m) =0,00469 (mm)

iu kin k thut CT = 0,00469(mm).

26