n CNCTM

Hiu CTM3- K44

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Thuyt minh n cng ngh ch to my

I. Nhim v thit k
Thit k qui trnh cng ngh gia cng chi tit ng cn bt
chy ca my dp m bo yu cu k thut cho trong bn v
chi tit.
II. Phn tch chc nng lm vic ca chi tit.
y l mt dng chi tit thuc loi chi tit dng bc. l
nhng chi tit dng ng trn, thnh mngTrong qu trnh lm
vic chi tit lun chu :
+ Mi mn ln
+ ng sut thay i theo chu k
+ Lc va p
+ Ti trng ng ln
Cng nh cc chi tit dng khc, tnh cng ngh trong vi gia
cng t cc yu cu k thut cn thit .Trc ht cn ch
n c trng quan trng i ci cc chi tit dng bc l t s
gia chiu di v ng knh ngoi ln nht ca chi tit. T s
phi tho mn trong gii hn: 0,5 3,5
Tip n phi ch n kch thc l ca bc bi v
cng mt ng knh gia cng l bao gi cng kh hn gia cng
trc.
B dy ca thnh bc cng khng nn qu mng trnh
bin dng khi gia cng v nhit luyn.
l

188

Theo bi: D = 210 = 0,88

max

nh vy tho mn iu kin

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Yu cu k thut c bn.
-

khng song song tm mt cn v l 60 v 210 <

0,02

- van mt cn < 0,02.

-

Nhit luyn t HRC = 40 - 50

II. Phn tch tnh cng ngh trong kt cu ca chi

tit.
Cng nh cc chi tit dng khc, tnh cng ngh trong vi gia
cng t cc yu cu k thut cn thit .Trc ht cn ch
n c trng quan trng i ci cc chi tit dng bc l t s
gia chiu di v ng knh ngoi ln nht ca chi tit. T s
phi tho mn trong gii hn: 0,5 3,5
Tip n phi ch n kch thc l ca bc bi v
cng mt ng knh gia cng l bao gi cng kh hn gia cng
trc.
B dy ca thnh bc cng khng nn qu mng trnh
bin dng khi gia cng v nhit luyn.
l

188

Theo bi: D = 210 = 0,88

max

nh vy tho mn iu kin

ng knh l 146 phi gim xung 140 thnhf l 17

s khng qu mng, trnh bin dng khi gia cng .
Khi gia cng chi tit dg bc, yu cu k thut quan tng nht
l khng ng tm gia mt ngoi v mt l, cng nh d
vung gc gia mt u v ng tm l. C th nh sau:
+ Mt tr ngoi 210 v 100 t cp chnh xc: 7 - 10.

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+ nhm mt u: Ra=2,5 ;Rz= 40 10

+ khng vung gc gia mt u v ng tm l
+ nhm b mt ngoi Ra= 2,5.
+ nhm b mt l Ra = 2,5 0,
III. Xc nh dng sn xut.
xc nh dng sn xut ta phi da vo trng lng ca chi
tit v sn lng chi tit hng nm.
a) Tnh trng lng ca chi tit.
- Tnh th tch chi tit.
tnh c th tch ca chi tit ta tin hnh chi chi tit ra
lm nhiu phn tnh cc Vi sau ly tng cc Vi vy sau khi
tnh ton ta c V = 1,3(dm3)
- Khi lng ring ca hp kim thp : = 7,85 kG/dm3.
- Trng lng ca chi tit.
Q = .V
Vy Q = 1,3.7,85 =10,3 (kg)
b) Tnh sn lng chi tit.
Sn lng chi tit hng nm c xc nh theo cng thc :
N = N1.m.(1 +

+
).
100

N - S chi tit c sn xut trong 1 nm.

N1 - S sn phm c giao N1 = 10000.
m - S chi tit trong 1 sn phm, (m =1).
- S chi tit c ch to thm d tr ( ly = 6).
- Tnh n t l % ph phm ( = 4).
N = 10000 .(1 +

4+6
) = 11000 (chi tit/nm)
100

c) Xc nh dng sn xut.
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Dng sn xut c xc nh theo bng 2 TKACNCTM ta c

dng sn xut hng hng khi.
IV. Chn phng php ch to phi.
- Do cc c im ca phi nh :
+ Sn xut hng khi.
+ Vt liu l thp.
+ Chi tit khng ln.
- Do , c th ch to chi tit theo phng php c trong
khun ct. Cn c vo iu kin sn xut ca nc ta, qui nh phng php c trong khun ct vi:
+ Khun ct lm bng my.
+ Mu lm bng kim loi
- Chn mt phn khun : Mt phn khun c biu din
trn hnh v.

V. Thit k qui trnh cng ngh gia cng chi tit.

1. Xc nh ng li cng ngh.

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Sau khi phn tch kt cu ca chi tit, dng sn xut l hng

khi v trong iu kin sn xut nc ta hin nay, ta chn phng
n phn tn nguyn cng, s dng nhiu g chuyn dng
gia cng trn cc my thng dng.
2. Tnh ton v lp qui trnh cng ngh gia cng chi
tit.
Nguyn cng to phi.
Ch to phi bng phng php c.
c trong khun ct, mu bng kim loi.
Nguyn cng v lm sch phi.
Sau khi c, phi phi c kh ng sut d, sau phi
phi c lm sch trc khi gia cng c.
T

nhng s phn tch trn y ta c th c c cc

nguyn cng ch yu gia cng sau :

- Nguyn cng 1 : Gia cng u to (tin ngoi, mt u,
vai, tin l 140)
- Nguyn cng 2 : Gia cng u nh (tin ngoi, mt u,
vai, tin cn ngoi, tin ren M100 2)
- Nguyn cng 3 : Gia cng l 60(khot, doa)
- Nguyn cng 4 : Gia cng cc l u ln (4 l 17, 2 l ren
M16 ).
- Nguyn cng 5 : Tin cn trong u nh vi cn100.

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- Nguyn cng 6 : Tng kim tra

Nguyn cng 1:Gia cng u to
(Nguyn cng to mt phng tinh gia cng cc mt
khc)

nh v v kp cht.
Chi tit c nh v trn mm cp 3 chu t nh tm
mt u( 100) c t st vo mt mt phng ca mm cp
(hn ch 3 bc t do), 3 chu hn ch chi tit 2 bc t do. Nh vy
chi tit b hn ch 5 bc t do.

Tnh ton lng d gia cng.

+ Bc 1 : Tin kho mt u t kch thc 210
- Vi kch thc ln nht 210 tra bng 394 s tay cng ngh
tp 1ta c:
lng d l Z = 2,5(mm).
+ Bc 2 :Tin ngoi dt kch thc 45 (mm) ta c:
lng d l Z = 2(mm).
+ Bc 3 : Tin mt bch i din
lng d l Z = 2(mm).
+ Bc 4 : Tin l 140 ta c:
lng d l Z = 2,5(mm).
Nguyn cng 2 : Gia cng u nh.
6

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Nguyn cng ny c chia lm 3 bc.

+ Bc 1: Kho mt u t 100.
Lng d l Z = 2,5(mm).
+ Bc 2: Tin th ngoi t 100
lng d l Z = 2,5 (mm).
+ Bc 3 :Tin mt cn vi lng d b nht Z=2,5(mm)
Nguyn cng 3 : Khot, doa l 60
lng d tng cng Z = 2(mm).
+ Bc 1: Khot 1,5(mm)
+ Bc 2: Doa 0,5(mm).
Nguyn cng 4 : Khoan 4 l 17, 2 l M16 v tar ren 2 l
M16
Lng d bng ng knh l vi chiu su l l 45(mm).
Nguyn cng 5 : Tin cn 100
Lng d Z = 2,5(mm)

Tnh ton ch ct cho tng nguyn cng

Nguyn cng 1: Gia cng u to trn my tin
- Chn my :My tin 1K62. Cng sut ng c Nm = 10kW.

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Thng s my: Chiu cao tm 200mm.S vng quay trc

chnh 12,5..2000 vng /pht,bc tin dao dc 0,074,15, bc tin
dao ngang 0,0352,08
Chn dao:Dao tin l trong ta dng dao ba gn mnh hp
kim T15K6
Dao tin u cong c gn mnh hp kim cng
T15k6
Dao tin ngoi kho thng mt u HKC
T15K6
( Tra theo bng 6-1 Dao tin S tay Cng ngh Ch To My
):

+ Bc 1: Tin kho mt u 210 vi Rz = 3,2 Ta phi

chia lm tin th v tin tinh
a)Tin th :
+ Chn chiu su ct t = 2(mm) vi vt liu l thp C tra
bng 5.60 - s tay CN T2 ta chn c lng chy giao l S = 0,5 (mm
/vng).
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Tra bng 5.64 s tay CN ta chn c Vct = 255(m/ph).

T y ta c th tnh c vn tc ct thc t Vtt = Vct.K1.K2
K1: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo nhm v c tnh ca
thp cho trong bng 5-3 S tay CNCTM- k1 = 0,9
K1: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo nhm v c tnh ca
thp cho trong bng 5-3 S tay CNCTM- k1 = 0,9
K2: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo trng thi ca b mt
gia cng v chu k bn ca dao cho trong bng 5-37 S
tay CNCTM- k2 = 0,6
K3: H s iu chnh ph thuc vo dng gia cng cho trong
bng 5-36 S tay CNCTM- k3 = 0,75.
Vy tc tnh ton l: Vtt=Vct.k1.k2.k3=255.0,9.0,6.0,75
=103 (m/ph).
s vng quay ca ng c :

1000.v

1000.103

t
nt = .d = 3,14.210 = 156, 7

(v/ph)
Ta chn theo s vng quay ca my: nt =160(v/ph).
Tnh li vn tc ct: Vtt =

.d .ne
= 100 (m/ph)
1000

Tra bng 5.68 s tay CNT2 ta c c cng sut yu cu N=2,9

(KW). Nh vy my chn tho mn yu cu.
b)Tin tinh mt u 210.
Vi chiu su ct t = 0,5 (mm).Tra bng 5.62 vi bn knh nh
dao 1mm, vt liu l thp ta c : lng chy dao S =
0,11(mm/vng).

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T bng 5.64 ta c Vct = 409 (m/ph) Vtt = 409.K1.K2.K3

=165,6(v/ph).
s vng quay ca trc chnh ne =

1000.vt
= 251 (v/ph). Ta chn s
.d

vng quay theo my ne = 250(v/ph) tnh li vn tc ct Vct =

.d .ne
= 165 (m/ph)
1000

Tra bng 5.68 s tay CNT2 ta chn c cng sut yu cu: N=

2(KW). Nh vy my chn tho mn yu cu.
Bc 2:Tin ngoi u to t Ra=3,2 vi 210, lng d 2(mm)
a)Tin th: Vi chiu su ct t = 1,5(mm). Tra bng 5.60 s tay
CNT2 ta chn c lng chy dao S = 0,7(mm/vng).
T bng 5.64 ta tra c Vct =205 (m/ph) Vtt =205.0,6.0,75.0,9 =
83 (m/ph)
s vng quay ca my : ne=

1000.vt
= 126 (v/ph).Ta chn theo s
.d

vng quay theo my ne= 130 (v/ph).

Tnh li vn tc ct Vct =

.d .ne
= 85,7(m/ph). Tra bng 5.68 ta
1000

chn c cng sut yu cu ca my N= 2,4 (KW).Gi tr ny tho

mn my chn.
b)Tin tinh mt u.
Vi chiu su ct t = 0,5(mm) tra bng 5.62 s tay CNT 2
ta c S = 0,2(mm/vng)

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Vct = 95 (m/ph) .Ta tnh s vng quay ca my ne =

1000.vt
=
.d

144(v/ph)
Ta chn s vng quay theo my ne=150(v/ph).
Ta xc nh li vn tc ct Vct =

.d .ne
= 99(m/ph). Tra bng 5.68
1000

s tay CNT2 ta chn c cng sut yu cu: N = 2(KW).Nh vy

tho mn loi my chn
Bc 3 : Tin mt bch i din.
Lng d 2 (mm), do b mt ny khng c yu cu v cp
chnh xc nn ta ch gia cng th 1 ln cho c lng d.
Vi chiu su ct t = 2(mm) tra bng 5.60 s tay CNT 2 ta c lng
chy dao
S =0,7(mm/vng).Tra bng 5.64 Vct = 231(m/ph)
Vtt = 231.0,6.0,75.0,9
=94(m/ph)
s vng quay ca my ne =

1000.vt
= 143 (v/ph). Ta chn s vng
.d

quay theo my ne=150(v/ph).Ta tnh li vn tc ct Vct =

.d .ne
=
1000

99(m/ph).
Da vo cc gi tr, tra bng 5.68 ta c cng sut yu cu N =
2(KW).Tho mn
Bc 4: Tin l 140

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Do l khng c yu cu v cp chnh xc nn ta ch gia cng th

mt ln cho c lng d. Vi chiu su ct t = 2,5(mm) tra bng
5.61 ta c lng chy dao S=0,3(mm/vng). Tra bng 5.64 s tay
cng ngh tp 2 ta c Vct= 236 (v/ph).
Vtt = 236.0,6. 0,75 . 0,9 =96(m/ph)
s vng quay ca my ne =

1000.vt
= 218(v/ph). Chn ne theo my
.d

ne = 220(v/ph)
Tnh li vn tc ct Vct =

.d .ne
= 97(m/ph)
1000

T cc gi tr trn ta c th tra c cng sut yu cu ca my N =

2,4(KW).Tho mn loi my chn.
Nguyn cng 2 : Gia cng u u nh trn my tin
Cc thng s my c chn trn
Bc 1 : Tin kho mt u t 100
Do yu cu v cp chnh xc nn ta tin hnh 2 ln tin dao
ct ht lng d
a) Tin th vi chiu su ct t = 2(mm).
Tra bng 5.60 s tay T2 ta c lng chy dao S = 0,7(mm/vng).
Tra bng 5.64 ta c Vct = 205(m/ph)

Vtt = 205.0,6.0,75.0,9

=83(m/ph)
s vng quay ca my ne =

1000.vt
= 264 (v/ph). Ta chn s vng
.d

quay theo my
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ne = 280(v/ph) tnh li vn tc ct: Vct =

.d .ne
= 88(m/ph)
1000

Tra bng 5.68 ta c cng sut yu cu ca my N = 2,9(KW).Tho

mn
b)Tin tinh vi chiu su ct t = 0,5(mm)
Tra bng 5.62 s tay T2 ta c lng chy dao S = 0,25(mm/vng).
Ta c Vct = 130(m/ph) Vtt = 130.0,6.0,75.0,9 =53(m/ph)
s vng quay ca my ne =

1000.vt
= 169 (v/ph). Ta chn s vng
.d

quay theo my
ne = 180(v/ph) tnh li vn tc ct: Vct =

.d .ne
= 57(m/ph)
1000

Tra bng 5.68 ta c cng sut yu cu ca my N = 1,2(KW).Tho

mn
Bc 2 : Tin th ngoi t 100
Do yu cu v cp chnh xc phi tar ren nn ta chia lm 2 bc:
tin th + tar
Tar ren c thc hin nguyn cng sau
Tin th vi chiu su ct t = 2,5(mm).
Tra bng 5.60 s tay T2 ta c lng chy dao S = 0,7(mm/vng).
Tra bng 5.64 ta c Vct = 205(m/ph)

=83(m/ph)

13

Vtt = 205.0,6.0,75.0,9

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s vng quay ca my ne =

1000.vt
= 264 (v/ph). Ta chn s vng
.d

quay theo my
ne = 280(v/ph) tnh li vn tc ct: Vct =

.d .ne
= 88(m/ph)
1000

Tra bng 5.68 ta c cng sut yu cu ca my N = 2,9(KW).Tho

mn
Bc 3: Tin cn ngoi vi lng d b nht l 2,5(mm).
ng knh tin ln nht l 110 S = 0,8 (mm/vng)
Vct = 182(m/ph) Vtt = 182.0,9.0,6.0,75 =74(m/ph)
s vng quay ca my ne =

1000.vt
= 214(v/ph).
.d

chn theo s vng quay ca my ne = 220(v/ph)

tnh li vn tc ct : Vct =

.d .ne
= 76(m/ph).
1000

Tra bng ta chn c cng sut yu cu ca my N=

3,4(KW).Tho mn
Nguyn cng 3 Tnh ton ch ct cho nguyn cng khot v
doa l 60. y gia cng trn my khoan ng, mi khot, doa
c lp vo chui cn my khoan.Dao khot, doa l dao tu ng
do khng c loi tiu chun vi ng knh ca l.
Lp s g t:

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Chn my: My khoan ng 2A135 c ng knh mi

khoan ln nht khi khoan thp c bn trung bnh s vng
quay trc chnh n=681100vng/pht.Bc tin dao 0,11
1,60mm/vng.
Cng sut ca my Nm = 6 kW.
ng knh mi khot D=50(mm) Tra bng 5.104 s tay CNT2 lng chy dao S = 1,2(mm/vng). T bng 5.105 s tay CNT2 (mi
khot l thp gi), vi t >20
Vct = 21(m/ph) Vtt = Vct . K1 . K2
K1:H s ph thuc tui bn ca dao
K2 H s ph thuc vo loi thp.
Theo bng 5.105 K1= 0,5 ; K2 =1,23
Vtt = 21. 0,5 .0,123 = 13(v/ph)
Ta tnh s vng quay ca my ne =

1000.vt
= 83 (v/ph)
.d

chn s vong quay theo my ne = 100(v/ph)

Tnh li vn tc ct Vct =

.d .ne
= 15,7(m/ph)
1000

Tra bng 5.110 N=2,4(KW).Tho mn iu kin ca my

chn.
Bc 2 : Doa vi ng knh dao D = 60(mm) lng chy dao S =
1,7(mm/vng)
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Tra bng 5.112 s tay CNT2 Vct = 13(m/ph)

Ta c : Vtt =Vct .kMV.kUV
Trong :
kMV :H s ph thuc vo vt liu gia cng
k MV

750

= k n

nv

kn : H s iu chnh ph thuc vo nhom thp theo tnh gia

cng kn =1 (Bng 5. 2)
b =660(MPa); nv = 0,9 (Bng 5.2 s tay cng ngh tp 2) kMV =
1.12
kUV = 1 (Vt liu T15K6 tra bng 5.6 )
Vtt = 13.1,12 = 14,56(m/ph)
s vng quay ca ng c ne=

1000.vt
= 77(v/ph)
.d

Chn s vng quay theo my ne =80(v/ph)

Tnh li vn tc ct : Vct =

.d .ne
= 15,1(v/ph)
1000

Do khi khot, doa ta cng thc hin trn my khoan v my c

chn tho mn
Nguyn cng 4: Khoan 4 l 17, 2 l 16 tar ren 2 l M16
Cc thng s ca my c chn nguyn cng trn.
Bc 1: Khoan 4 l 17.
Lp s g t:

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Kp cht: Dng c cu bulng kp rt thng qua bc

dn tho ri, phng ca lc kp vung gc vi phng ca kch thc
thc hin v mt nh v chnh .
Chn dao: Mi khoan rut g chui cn c kch thc nh sau:
ng knh mi khoan D=17. Tra bng ta c S = 0,15(mm/vng)
V ct=24(m/ph) Bng 5.86
T2
Vtt = Vct .kMV . kUV . klv
klv : H s ph thuc vo chiu su khoan klv = 1(Bng 5.31 T2)
Vtt = 24. 1,12 = 26(m/ph)
tc ct ne=

1000.vt
= 487(v/ph) . Chn tc ct theo my
.d

ne =500(v/ph)
Tnh li vn tc ct Vct =

.d .ne
= 27(m/ph)
1000

Tra bng (5.102 T2 ) cng sut yu cu N=1,2(KW).tho mn

Bc 2 : Khoan 2 l M16 v tar ren
Trc tin ta khoan mi 2 l vi ng knh mi khoan D=14,5(mm)
sau mi tar
a) Khoan 2 l D=14,5(mm) vi lng chy dao S = 0,15(mm/vng)
Tra bng 5.86 ta c Vct = 20,5(m/ph) Vtt = 20,5.1,12 = 23(m/ph)

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s vng quay ca my ne=

1000.vt
= 505(v/ph)
.d

Chn tc ct theo my ne = 520(v/ph)

Tnh li vn tc Vct =

.d .ne
= 23,7(m/ph)
1000

Tra bng 5.102 s tay tp 2 ta c cng sut yu cu ca my N =

0,9(KW)
b)Tar ren: Do ng knh nh nn ta c th tar bng tay
Nguyn cng 5 : Tin cn l 60 vi ng knh tin ln nht
77.

S1

Vi yu cu v bi ta chia lm 2 bc.
Bc 1: Tin th vi chiu su ct t = 2(mm). Tra bng 5.64 ta c
lng chy dao S=0,1(mm/vng) v Vct = 229(m/ph)
Vct = 229. 0,6. 0,75. 0,9 =93(m/ph) tc ct ne=

1000.vt
=
.d

385(v/ph)
Chn tc ct theo theo my ne = 400(v/ph).
Ta tnh li vn tc ct: Vct =

.d .ne
= 97(m/ph). Tra bng 5.68 T2 ta
1000

c cng sut yu cu ca my N = 2(KW).Tho mn

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Bc 2 : Tin tinh vi chiu su ct t = 0,5(mm).Tra bng ta c S =

0,13(mm/vng)
Vn tc ct Vct = 110 (m/ph) Bng 5.62 s tay T2
Vct = 110. 0,9. 0,6. 0,75 = 45(m/ph). ne =

1000.vt
= 186(v/ph)
.d

Chn s vng quay theo my ne = 200(v/ph) tnh li vn tc ct

Vct = 48(m/ph)
Tra bng 5.68 ta c cng sut yu cu ca my tho mn my
chn
VI.tnh ton kt cu g khoan
1. Tnh lc kp
- S nh v :

Khi thit k g cn tun theo cc bc sau y:

VI.1. Xc nh kch thc ca bn my 980x825 mm2, khong cch
t bn my ti trc chnh. l nhng s liu cn thit xc
nh kch thc g.
VI.2. Xc nh phng php nh v.
Ta nh v chi tit trn mt phng hn ch 3 bc t do v tr
ngn 2 bc t do
VI.3. V ng bao ca chi tit ti nguyn cng thit k g( theo
t l 1:1). ng bao ca chi tit v bng nt chm gch. Vic th
hin hai hoc ba hnh chiu l tu thuc vo mc phc tp
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ca g. Hnh chiu th nht ca chi tit phi c th hin

ng v tr ang gia cng trn my.
VI.4. Xc nh phng, chiu v im t ca lc ct, lc kp.
Phng ca lc kp vung gc vi thn a xch c hng t mt
trn chi tit xung di. im t ca lc kp ta chn vo gia ca
phin kp (PK thu gn v).
VI.5. Xc nh v tr v v kt cu ca nh v( cn m
bo cho lc ct, lc kp hng vo nh v vung gc vi
chng).
VI.6. Tnh lc kp cn thit.
Khi khoan ta thy: Lc kp cn thit kp cht chi tit khi
khoan 4 l mt u khng ln lm.. Da vo s ct ta c
th xc nh c khi gia cng chi tit c xu hng xoay tm ca
phin t:
- Lc ct P0 , MK:
Lc ct c tnh theo cng thc:
P0 =

C P .D Zp .S yp

.k MV

Tra bng 5- 47 trang 177

Cp = 98,8, Zp = 1, Yp = 0.7
Vi thp
KVp= h s iu chnh cho cht lng ca vt liu gia cng
i vi thp v gang cho trong bng 5-9:
n

Kmp

660
= B =

75
75

0.75

= 1,7

Suy ra lc ct Po=98,8.17.0,4980,7.1,7 = 1752,8(KG)

- Mmen khoan MK [Nm] :
Mx = CM.D2.SYm.KVM
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Tra bng 5.47 ta c CM=39 ,YM=0,8 ,KVM=KVP=1,24

Suy ra MK=39.172.0,4980,7.1,7=11762 KG.mm
MK=11762KG.mm
-Tnh lc kp W :T s trn ta c phng trnh xc nh lc
kp:
(W+Po).f.r K.2MC.Ro/2
Suy ra lc kp c tnh nh sau
W

2.K .M 0 .R 0
P0
d.f .r

r l bn knh trung bnh gia b mt chi tit v b mt

nh v .
r=

1.( 190 + 160 ) 175

=
2.2
2

f= 0,15 h s ma st
d =17mm
Ro=170/2 (mm)
2.11762 .190 / 2

Do W 17.0,15.175 / 2 1752,8 suy ra W 3247(KG)

VI.7. Chn c cu kp cht. C cu ny ph thuc vo loi g
mt v tr hay nhiu v tr, ph thuc vo sn lng chi tit hay tr
s lc kp: Ta chn c cu kp rt t( kp bng ren)
VI.8. Tnh sai s ch to cho php ca g [CT].
VI.8.1. Cc thnh phn ca sai s g t.
Khi thit k g cn ch mt s im sau y:
- Sai s ca g nh hng n sai s ca kch thc gia cng,
nhng phn ln n nh hng n sai s v tr tng quan gia
b mt gia cng v b mt chun.
- Nu chi tit c gia cng bng dao nh hnh v dao nh
kch thc th sai s ca g khng nh hng n kch thc v sai s hnh dng ca b mt gia cng.
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- Khi gia cng bng phin dn dng c th sai s g nh hng n khong cch tm ca cc l gia cng v khong
cch t mt nh v ti tm l.
- khng song song gia cc mt nh v v mt y ca
g s gy sai s cng dng gia b mt gia cng v b
mt chun.
Sai s g t c tnh theo cng thc sau( do phng ca cc
sai s kh xc nh ta dng cng thc vct ):
gd = c + k + dcg = c + k + ct + m + dc

Trong :
- c: sai s chun do chun nh v khng trng vi gc kch thc
gy ra - c =0,03
- k: sai s kp cht do lc kp gy ra. Sai s kp cht c xc
nh theo cc cng thc trong bng 20-24. Cn nh rng khi phng ca lc kp vung gc vi phng ca kch thc thc hin th
sai s kp cht bng khng - k = 0,13 (bng 5.20 sch hng dn)
- m: sai s mn. Sai s mn c xc nh theo cng thc sau
y:
m = . N (m), vi = 0,3(cht nh v phng)

N =11000(chi tit/nm) m = 0,32 (mm)

-

c: sai s iu chnh c sinh ra trong qu trnh lp rp v

iu chnh g. Sai s iu chnh ph thuc vo kh
nng iu chnh v dng c iu chnh khi lp rp.
Trong thc t khi tnh ton g ta c th ly c = 5 10
m.

ct: sai s ch to cho php g [ct]. Sai s ny cn c xc

nh khi thit k g. Song a s cc sai s phn b

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theo qui lut chun v phng ca chng kh xc nh nn ta

s dng cng thc sau tnh sai s g t cho php:
g =

1
=1/3
3

[ct] =

[ ] [

gd

2
c

+ k2 + m2 + dc2 = 0,4(mm)

- Xc nh h s an ton K:

K = K0 .K1 .K2 .K3 .K4 .K5 K6

K0 :H s an ton cho tt c cc trng hp K0 = 1,5.

K1 :H s tnh n trng hp tng lc ct khi bng thay i
K1 = 1,2
K2 :H s tng lc ct khi dao mn K2 = 1,4.
K3 :H s tng lc ct khi gia cng gin an K3 = 1,3
K4 :H s tnh sai s ca c cu kp K4 = 1,3
K5 :H s tnh n mc thun li ca c cu kp K5 = 1
K6 :H s k n mmen lm quay chi tit K6 = 1,5
K = 6,4
VII Tnh thi gian c bn cho tt c cc nguyn cng:
Trong sn xut hng lot v sn xut hng khi thi gian
nguyn cng c xc nh theo cng thc sau y:
Ttc = To + Tp + Tpv + Ttn
Trong :
Ttc - Thi gian tng chic (thi gian nguyn cng).
To - Thi gian c bn ( thi gian cn thit bin i
trc tip hnh dng, kch thc v tnh cht c l ca chi tit;
thi gian ny c th c thc hin bng my hoc bng tay
v trong tng trng hp gia cng c th c cng thc tnh tng ng).
Tp - Thi gian ph ( thi gian cn thit ngi cng
nhn g, tho chi tit, m my, chn ch ct, dch
chuyn dao v bn my, kim tra kch thc ca chi tit ...).
Khi xc nh thi gian nguyn cng ta c th gi tr gn
ng Tp = 10%To.
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Tpv Thi gian phc v ch lm vic gm: thi gian phc

v k thut (Tpvkt) thay i dng c, mI dao, sa ,
iu chnh my, iu chnh dng c (Tpvkt = 8%To); thi
gian phc v t chc (Tpvtc) tra du cho my, thu dn ch
lm vic, bn giao ca kp (Tpvtc=3%To).
Ttn Thi gian ngh ngI t nhin ca cng nhn (Ttn =
5%To).
Xc nh thi gian c bn theo cng thc sau y:
To =

L + L1 + L2
S .n

Trong :
L Chiu di b mt gia cng (mm).
L1 Chiu di n dao (mm).
L2 Chiu di thot dao (mm).
S Lng chy dao vng(mm/vng).
n S vng quay hoc hnh trnh kp trong 1 pht.
1.thi gian nguyn cng c bn ca nguyn cng 1.
a. bc 1. kho mt u.
*.tin th.
Ta c :

D d 210 146
=
=32(mm)
2
2
t
2
L1= tg + (0,5 2) = tg 60 + (0,5 2)=2(mm)

L=

L2= 3(mm)
S = 0,5 mm/ vng.
n=150 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
32 + 2 + 3

T01= 0,5.150 = 0,49 pht

*.tin tinh.
Ta c :

D d 210 146
=
=32(mm)
2
2
t
0,5
L1= tg + (0,5 2) = tg 60 + (0,5 2)=1(mm)

L=

L2= 3(mm)
S = 0,11 mm/ vng.
n=250 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
32 + 1 + 3

T02= 0,11.250 = 1,31 (pht )

b. bc 2: tin ngoi.
*.tin th.
Ta c :
L= 45(mm)
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L1=

Trn Trng
t
1,5
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=2,5(mm)
tg
tg 60

L2= 2(mm)
S = 0,5 mm/ vng.
n=150 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T03=

45 + 2,5 + 2
= 0,66 (pht )
0,5.150

*.tin tinh.
Ta c :
L= 45(mm)
L1=

t
0,5
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=1,5(mm)
tg
tg 60

L2= 2(mm)
S = 0,11 mm/ vng.
n=250 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T04=

45 + 1,5 + 2
= 1,76 (pht )
0,11.250

c. bc 3: tin mt bch i din.

Ta c :

D d 210 110
=
50(mm)
2
2
t
2
L1=
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=3(mm)
tg
tg 60

L=

L2= 3(mm)
S = 0,5 mm/ vng.
n=150 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T05=

50 + 3 + 3
= 0,746 (pht )
0,5.150

d. bc 4: tin l 146.
Ta c :
L= 30(mm)
L1=

t
2,5
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=3,5(mm)
tg
tg 60

L2= 2(mm)
S = 0,5 mm/ vng.
n=150 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T06=

30 + 3,5 + 2
= 0,47 (pht)
0,5.150

Tng thi gian ca nguyn cng 1 l :

T0=T01+ T02+ T03+ T04+ T05+ T06=
=0,49+1,31+0,66+1,76+0,75+0,47
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=5,44 (pht)
2. Thi gian gia cng c bn ca nguyn cng 2.
a. bc 1 : tin u nh.
*.tin th.
Ta c :

D d 100 60
=
=20(mm)
2
2
t
2
L1=
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=2(mm)
tg
tg 60

L=

L2= 3(mm)
t = 2 (mm)
S = 0,5 mm/ vng.
n=150 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T01=

20 + 2 + 3
= 0,33 pht
0,5.150

*.tin tinh.
Ta c :

D d 100 60
=
=20(mm)
2
2
t
0,5
L1=
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=1(mm)
tg
tg 60

L=

L2= 3(mm)
S = 0,11 mm/ vng.
n=250 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
20 + 1 + 3
= 0,873 (pht )
0,11.250
b. tin t 100

T02=

*.tin th.
Ta c :
L1=

L= 30(mm)
t
2
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=3(mm)
tg
tg 60

L2= 2(mm)
t = 2 (mm)
S = 0,5 mm/ vng.
n=150 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T03=

30 + 2 + 3
= 0,47 pht
0,5.150

*.tin tinh.
Ta c :
L= 30(mm)
L1=

t
0,5
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=1,5(mm)
tg
tg 60

L2= 2(mm)
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S = 0,11 mm/ vng.

n=250 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T04=

30 + 1,5 + 2
= 1,22 (pht )
0,11.250

c. bc 3. Tin mt cn.
L = 10 2 + 110 2 =110,5
L1=

t
2,5
+ (0,5 2) =
+ (0,5 2)=3,5(mm)
tg
tg 45

L2= 2(mm)
t= 2,5 (mm)
S = 0,5 mm/ vng.
n=150 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T05=

110,5 + 3,5 + 2
= 1,55 (pht )
0,5.150

Tng thi gian ca nguyn cng ny l:

T0=T01+ T02+ T03+ T04+ T05+ T06=
=0,33+0,873+0,47+1,22+1,55=4,44 (pht)
3.nguyn cng 3 :khot doa.
a. khot l 60.
Ta c :
L= 155(mm)
L1=

Dd
59,85 58
cot g +(0,5 2) =
cot g 45 +(0,5 2)=1,5
2
2

(mm
L2= 2(mm)
S = 1,2 mm/ vng.
n=100 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
155 + 1,5 + 2
= 1,32 (pht )
1,2.100
b. doa l 60.

T01=

Ta c :

L= 155(mm)

L1=

Dd
60 59,85
cot g +(0,5 2) =
cot g 45 +(0,5 2)=1 (mm)
2
2

L2= 2(mm)
S = 1,7 mm/ vng.
n=80 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T02=

155 + 1 + 2
= 1,16 (pht )
1,7.80

*.Tng thi gian ca nguyn cng 3 l:

T0=T01+ T02 =1,32 + 1,16 = 2,48 (pht)
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4. nguyn cng 4 :gia cng l 17, 16.

a.khoan l 17.
Ta c :
L= 45(mm)
d
2

L1= cot g +(0,5 2) =

17
tg 60 +(0,5 2)=16 (mm)
2

L2= 2(mm)
t = 17 (mm)
S = 0,15 mm/ vng.
n=500 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T01=

45 + 16 + 2
= 0,84 (pht )
0,15.500

a.khoan l 16.
Ta c :
L= 45(mm)
d
2

L1= cot g +(0,5 2) =

16
tg 60 +(0,5 2)=15 (mm)
2

L2= 2(mm)
t = 17 (mm)
S = 0,15 mm/ vng.
n=520 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T02=

45 + 15 + 2
= 0,795 (pht )
0,15.520

*.Tng thi gian ca nguyn cng 4 l:

T0=T01+ T02 =4.0,84 +2.0,795 = 4,95 (pht)
5. nguyn cng 5: tin l cn 100.
To =

L + L1 + L2
S .n

48

L = cos(10) = 48,74 (mm)

L1= (0,5 5) = 3
L2 = (1 3) = 2
t = 2(mm)
S = 0,1 mm/ vng.
n=400 (vng/ pht )
Thay s ta c :
T0=

48,75 + 3 + 2
= 1,33 (pht )
0,1.400

6. tng thi gian gia cng c bn l:

T = T0 = 5,44 + 4,44 + 2,48 + 4,96 + 1,33
= 18,65 (pht)

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