Download

B GIO DC V O TO TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI --------------------------------------------------
CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM
c lp - T do - Hnh phc
---------------------------------
NHIM V N TT NGHIP
H v tn sinh vin: ..... S hiu sinh vin: Kho:.Khoa: in t - Vin thng 1. u n:

.. .....
Ngnh: .........
2. Cc s liu v d liu ban u:

...... . .....
3. Ni dung cc phn thuyt minh v tnh ton:

... ... ...
4. Cc bn v, th ( ghi r cc loi v kch thc bn v ):

... .. ..
5. H tn ging vin hng dn: .. 6. Ngy giao nhim v n: . 7. Ngy hon thnh n: .. Ngy Ch nhim B mn thng nm Ging vin hng dn
Sinh vin hon thnh v np n tt nghip ngy
thng
nm
Cn b phn bin
B GIO DC V O TO TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI
---------------------------------------------------
BN NHN XT N TT NGHIP
H v tn sinh vin: ....................................................................... S hiu sinh vin: ........................... Ngnh: .................................................................................................. Kho: .................................................... Ging vin hng dn:.............................................................................................................................................. Cn b phn bin: ....................................................................................................................................... 1. Ni dung thit k tt nghip:
................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ......................................................................................................................
2. Nhn xt ca cn b phn bin:

................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................................................................................................................... ..........................................................................
Ngy
thng Cn b phn bin
nm
( K, ghi r h v tn )
Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Khoa in t vin thng - t4 K50 Giang K Nam
LI NI U
Trong nhng nm qua xu hng hi t mng Internet, mng di ng v mng PSTN ang l xu hng c quan tm hng u trong lnh vc thng tin lin lc. Nhiu kin trc mi ra i trong qu trnh pht trin hp nht cc mng vi mc ch to ra mt mng ton IP duy nht. Phn h IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) l mt trong nhng kin trc ra i trong xu th pht trin . Vi IMS ngi dng c th lin lc khp mi ni nh tnh di ng ca mng di ng v ng thi c th s dng nhng dch v hp dn t mng Internet. IMS thc s tr thnh cha kha hp nht mng di ng v mng Internet. IMS ng thi cng tr thnh mt phn h trong m hnh mng th h mi (NGN) ca tt c cc hang sn xut cc thit b vin thng v cc t chc chun ha trn th gii. IMS c chun ha bi 3GPP v 3GPP2 da trn giao thc bo hiu SIP v cc giao thc m khc do IETF chun ha nn rt d dng tch hp vi cc dch v mi. IMS ng thi cng h tr nhiu loi hnh truy cp khc nhau do n ha hn s mang li mt s lng ln khch hng s dng cc dch v xy dng trn . Trong thi gian thc tp ti phng lab 618 th vin in t ca b mn k thut thng tin tm hiu v kin trc IMS v trin khai cc dch v mi trn IMS, c s gi ca tin s Nguyn Ti Hng em la chn ti Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn kin trc mng IMS. Em xin chn thnh cm n TS. Nguyn Ti Hng v TS. Nguyn Hu Thanh gip tn tnh cho em trong thi gian lm n va qua. Em xin chn thnh cm n H Ni, ngy 20 thng 05 nm 2010 Sinh vin Giang K Nam

TM TT N
Trong nhng nm gn y, dch v IPTV ang l ch nng thu ht s quan tm ca nhiu nh cung cp dch v mng vin thong di ng trn th gii. Bn cnh kin trc mng IMS ni ln nh 1 xu hng trong kin trc mng th h tip theo. Nh vy trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS s mang li cho ngi dng nhng tri nghim dch v nh th no v tnh thc t ca n ra sao? Trong ti ny, ti ch ra gii php thit k trin khai dch v trn nn tng IMS, so snh n vi nhng kin trc truyn thng thy c u im ca n v tc v chi ph cho pht trin dch v trong mng vin thng ni chung. Theo ti a ra m hnh ca dch v IPTV trn kin trc IMS, s dng cc siao thc SIP, Diameter, cng ngh Sip Servlet trin khai n v chng minh tnh mm do v a tnh nng, d dng m rng ca IMS.
ABSTRACTION
Today, IPTV is presently a hot topic that is attracting the attention of many telecom network operators. Beside, IMS emerges to be the trend in developing the architecture of the next generation network. So what will IMS based IPTV bring to the end users in terms of service experience and how does it become reality? In this project, I present a solution in designing and developing services in IMS architecture, put it in comparison to traditional architecture to realize its advantages regarding speed and cost of service development in telecom network in general. After that, I bring out IMS based IPTV architecture that implements SIP, Diameter protocol, Sip servlet technology and develop it to demonstrate the flexibility, multi function and scalability of IMS.

MC LC
1 CHNG I : M U.......................................................................................15 1.1 Tm quan trng ca ti..............................................................................15 1.2 Ni dung nghin cu......................................................................................16 2 CHNG II : V KIN TRC IMS...................................................................17 2.1 Kin trc tng qut IMS.................................................................................17 2.1.1 Mng truy nhp.......................................................................................18 2.1.2 Mng li..................................................................................................19 2.1.3 Tng dch v............................................................................................29 2.2 nh danh trong IMS.....................................................................................30 2.2.1 nh danh ngi dng cng cng............................................................30 2.2.2 nh danh ngi dng ring....................................................................32 2.2.3 Mi quan h gia nh danh cng cng v nh danh ring....................32 2.2.4 nh danh dch v cng cng..................................................................34 2.3 SIM, USIM v ISIM trong 3GPP...................................................................35 2.3.1 SIM..........................................................................................................36 2.3.2 USIM.......................................................................................................36 2.3.3 ISIM........................................................................................................36 2.4 Tiu chun lc................................................................................................37 2.5 Trin khai kin trc IMS................................................................................43 3 CHNG III : CC GIAO THC QUAN TRNG...........................................46 3.1 Giao thc SDP...............................................................................................46 3.1.1 M t phin..............................................................................................46 3.1.2 M hnh Offer/Answer............................................................................48 3.1.3 SIP v SIPS URIs....................................................................................49 3.1.4 nh v ngi dng..................................................................................50 3.2 Giao thc Diameter........................................................................................51 3.2.1 Gi tin Diameter......................................................................................52 3.2.2 Phin giao dch........................................................................................53 3.2.3 Trin khai giao thc trong ti..............................................................55 3.3 Giao thc SIP.................................................................................................59 3.3.1 SIP lin h vi HTTP nh th no...........................................................60 3.3.2 Bn tin SIP..............................................................................................62 3.3.3 Phin giao dch (Transaction)..................................................................63 3.3.4 Hi thoi (dialog)....................................................................................65 3.3.5 Trng iu khin Record-Route, Route v Contact...............................67 4 CHNG IV : MY CH NG DNG............................................................69 4.1 Tng quan v my ch ng dng...................................................................69
6

4.2 Chc nng ca my ch ng dng trong m hnh IMS..................................69 4.3 Cc ch hot ng ca my ch ng dng................................................71 4.3.1 AS hot ng nh SIP User Agent..........................................................71 4.3.2 AS hot ng nh back-to-back user agent.............................................72 4.3.3 AS ng vai tr nh l SIP Proxy Server................................................73 4.3.4 AS ng vai tr nh l SIP Redirect Server............................................74 4.4 Giao din AS vi cc thnh phn khc trong mng........................................75 4.4.1 Giao din vi IMS Core ISC................................................................75 4.4.2 Giao din vi HSS Sh...........................................................................76 4.5 Qu trnh cung cp dch v............................................................................81 4.5.1 Gii thiu.................................................................................................81 4.5.2 S hnh thnh tiu chun lc khi to......................................................81 4.5.3 La chn my ch ng dng...................................................................84 4.5.4 Hnh vi ca my ch ng dng...............................................................86 4.5.5 My ch ng dng tng tc vi HSS.....................................................86 4.5.6 My ch ng dng gi yu cu v S-CSCF.............................................87 5 CHNG V : DCH V IPTV TRN NN IMS...............................................88 5.1 Gii thiu dch v IPTV trn nn IMS...........................................................88 5.2 Cc lung x l cuc gi trong IPTV nn IMS..............................................90 5.2.1 ng k vo mng IMS...........................................................................90 5.2.2 Call flows ca cc chc nng chnh trong dch v IPTV.........................93 5.2.3 Cc tnh hung khi ng nhp v s dng dch v IPTv.......................101 6 CHNG VI : THIT K DCH V IPTV......................................................103 6.1 Tng quan v cng ngh SIP Servlet...........................................................103 6.1.1 M hnh SIP Servlet..............................................................................103 6.1.2 Cc khi nim chnh ca SIP Servlet API.............................................104 6.2 Thit k dch v...........................................................................................112 6.2.1 Yu cu..................................................................................................112 6.2.2 Kin trc h thng.................................................................................112 6.2.3 Thit k cc lp cho dch v..................................................................115 6.2.4 Kch bn thc thi ng dng...................................................................126 6.3 Ci t v s dng dch v...........................................................................126 6.3.1 Yu cu h thng...................................................................................126 6.3.2 Hng dn ci t..................................................................................126 6.3.3 Kt qu thu c...................................................................................126 1. Poster paper gi ti hi ngh TridentCom Berlin............................................128 2. Ci t Open IMS Core ln Ubuntu...................................................................136 3. Ci t my ch ng dng sailfin......................................................................138 4. Ci t dch v IPTV ln my ch Sailfin.........................................................139 Provisioning FHoSS..........................................................................................139 Povisioning content database............................................................................139 Povisioning Diameter Peer................................................................................139
7

Povisioning User Repository.............................................................................139 Cu hnh my ch IPTV....................................................................................139 To JDBC Resources cho MySQL( kt ni ti my ch MySql)..............140 JDBC Connection Pool.................................................................................140 5. Chy th vi HUT - Communicator..................................................................147 Ng cnh:..........................................................................................................147 Thit lp dch v Iptv v Parental control:........................................................147 Hot ng..........................................................................................................152

DANH SCH HNH V

Hnh 2-1 : Kin trc IMS.........................................................................................18 Hnh 2-2 : Giao tip gia PSTN/CS gateway v mng CS......................................25 Hnh 2-3 : P-CSCF t ti mng khch....................................................................28 Hnh 2-4 : P-CSCF t ti mng ch ......................................................................28 Hnh 2-5 : Quan h gia nh danh ngi dng ring v nh danh ngi dng cng cng theo 3GPP R5.................................................................................................33 Hnh 2-6 : Quan h gia nh danh ngi dng ring v nh danh ngi dng cng cng theo 3GPP R6.................................................................................................34 Hnh 2-7 : Cu trc ca User Profile.......................................................................39 Hnh 2-8 : Cu trc tiu chun lc khi to.............................................................40 Hnh 2-9 : S cc khi chc nng trong kin trc IMS.......................................43 Hnh 3-10 : Mt v d v m t phin SDP..............................................................47 Hnh 3-11 : Cc kiu trong SDP..............................................................................48 Hnh 3-12 : M t phin SDP ca Bob....................................................................49 Hnh 3-13 : Alice ng k v tr ngi dng vi tn min domain.com registrar....51 Hnh 3-14: Cu trc gi tin Diameter......................................................................52 Hnh 3-15: Cu trc AVP trong gi tin Diameter....................................................53 Hnh 3-16: Diameter transaction.............................................................................54 Hnh 3-17: IFC ca ngi dng ti v t HSS.........................................................57 Hnh 3-18: Repository data ca 1 ngi dng IPTV...............................................58 Hnh 3-19 : Cc bc thit lp mt cuc gi...........................................................60 Hnh 3-20 : Cu trc bn tin SIP..............................................................................63 Hnh 3-21 : Transaction...........................................................................................65 Hnh 3-22 : Lung cuc gi trong mt hi thoi SIP...............................................66 Hnh 3-23 : Cch s dng Record-Route, Route v Contact....................................68 Hnh 4-24 : Hng tip cn dch v trong kin trc IMS........................................70 Hnh 4-25 : AS hot ng nh mt SIP UA............................................................72 Hnh 4-26 : Kin trc logic ca SIP B2BUA...........................................................73 Hnh 4-27 : AS ng dng ng vai tr SIP B2BUA................................................73 Hnh 4-28 : AS ng vai tr SIP Proxy AS.............................................................74 Hnh 4-29 : AS ng vai tr SIP Redirect Server....................................................74 Hnh 4-30 : Sh data uml diagram.............................................................................79 Hnh 4-31 : Thnh phn ca Service Point Trigger.................................................82 Hnh 4-32 : V d v User Profile............................................................................84 Hnh 5-33:Qu trnh ng k ca user vo mng IMS (tip)...................................90 Hnh 5-34: Qu trnh ng k ca user vo mng IMS (tip)..................................91 Hnh 5-35: Qu trnh ng k ca user vo mng IMS (tip)..................................92 Hnh 5-36: Ngi dng thng thng ....................................................................94 Hnh 5-37: ng nhp vi dch v IPTV trng hp c Access control.................95
9

Hnh 5-38: Dch v truyn hnh c bn...................................................................96 Hnh 5-39: Dch v VoD tiu chun........................................................................99 Hnh 5-40: Dch v VoD nng cao........................................................................100 Hnh 6-41 : Vng i ca Servlet..........................................................................106 Hnh 6-42 : Minh ha cu trc phn cp ca i tng SipServletRequest v SipServletResponse...............................................................................................110 Hnh 6-43: M hnh tng qut dch v IMS based IPTV.......................................113 Hnh 6-44: s lp cho gi user profile..............................................................116 Hnh 6-45: S lp gi servlets..........................................................................117 Hnh 6-46: Cc lp trong gi tools........................................................................118 Hnh 6-47: S lp gi diameter........................................................................119 Hnh 6-48: Lu thut ton khi to dch v.....................................................122 Hnh 6-49: Lu thut ton ng nhp vo dch v............................................123 Hnh 6-50: Lu thut ton x l yu cu knh.................................................125
DANH SCH BNG BIU

Bng 3-1: Diameter commands...............................................................................52 Bng 3-2: Diameter AVPs.......................................................................................53
10

DANH SCH CC T VIT TT

STT 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 T vit tt 3GPP 3GPP2 ACK ADSL AS ATM B2BUA BGCF BICC COPS CSCF DHCP DNS ENUM GGSN GPRS GSM HLR HSS HTTP I-CSCF IETF IFC IM-SSF IMS Tn y Third Generation Partnership Project Third Generation Partnership Project 2 Acknowledgment Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Application Server Asynchoronous Transfer Mode Back-to-back User Agent Breakout Gateway Control Function Bearer Independent Call Control Common Open Policy Service Call Session Control Function Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Domain Name System Telephone Number Mapping Gateway GPRS Support Node General Packet Radio Service Global System for Mobile Communications Home Location Register Home Subscriber Serverhttp://www.acronymfinder.com/GlobalSystem-for-Mobile-Communications-%28cellular-phoneHypertext Transfer Protocol
Interrogating-CSCF Internet Engineering Task Force Initial Filter Criteria IP Multimedia Service Switching Function IP Multimedia Subsystem
11

26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53
IMSI IP IP-CAN ISC ISIM ISUP ITU-T MAP MGCF MGW MIME MRF MRFC MRFP MSISDN NAI OSA-SCS P-CSCF PA PDF PEP PIDF PS PSI PSTN PUA QoS
International Mobile Subscriber Identier Internet Protocol IP Connectivity Access Network IMS Service Control IP multimedia Services Identity Module ISDN User Part International Telecommunication Union-Telecommunications Mobile Application Part Media Gateway Control Function Media Gateway Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions Media Resource Function Media Resource Function Controllers Media Resource Function Processors Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number Network Access Identifier Open Service AccessService Capability Server Proxy-CSCF Presence Agent Policy Decision Function Policy Enforcement Point Presence Information Data Format Presence Agent Public Service Identity Public Switched Telephone Network Presence User Agent Quality of Service
12
MEGACO Media Gateway Control

54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81
RTP RTCP S-CSCF SCTP SDP SFC SGSN SGW SIM SIP SLF SPT SS7 TCP THIG UA UAC UAS UDA UDP UDR UE UICC UMTS URI URL USIM VoIP
Real-Time Transport Protocol RTP Control Protocol Serving-CSCF Stream Control Transmission Protocol Session Description Protocol Subsequent Filter Criteria Serving GPRS Support Node Signalling Gateway Subscriber Indetity Module Session Initiation Protocol Subscriber Location Function Service Point Trigger Sinaling System No. 7 Transmission Control Protocol Topology Hiding Inter-network Gateway User Agent User Agent Client User Agent Server User Data Answer User Datagram Protocol User Data Request User Equipment Universal Integrated Circuit Card Universal Mobile Telecommunication System Uniform Resource Identifier Uniform Resource Locator Universal Subscriber Identity Module Voice over IP
13

82 83 84 85 86
VoD WAP WLAN WLSS XML
Video on Demand Wireless Application Protocol Wireless Local Access Network WebLogic SIP Server Extensible Markup Language
14

1 CHNG I : M U
1.1 Tm quan trng ca ti
IMS l 1 cng ngh trong hi t v trin khai thoi v d liu trn 1 platform duy nht, v l 1 kin trc m s dng giao thc Internet. Vi IMS, rt nhiu dch v a phng tin c th c cung cp bi ch 1 nh mng hay vi ch 1 thit b mi lc mi ni. Trong qu kh, truyn thng khng dy v c dy v h thng cp c trin khai tch bit, nhng gi y, nhng h thng nh th c th hi t li thnh 1 mng truy cp thng qua nn tng IMS v qua 1 nn tng duy nht , cc nh cung cp dch v c th gim chi ph qun l v tng hiu sut hot ng ca mnh. Thm vo , vi vai tr l 1 kin trc tiu chun, IMS lm tng tnh tng thch gia cc nh cung cp thit b cng nh dch v, do lm tng tc pht trin ng dng 1 cch ng k. C ngha l cng ngy cng c nhiu dch v thn thin, tin li hng ti ngi dng hn dn n lm tng s thoi mi ca khch hng. IPTV l mt trong nhng dch v m IMS c th cung cp ti ngi dng. tng ca dch v ny cng khng ngoi mc ch em li s tin li cho ngi dng: Hng ngy i lm v Nam hay xem TV trn xe bus. Chng trinh a thch ca anh l knh thng tinh quc gia VTV1. Sau khi quay s n 1 a ch dng email (vtv1@iptv.ims.hut.vn), knh truyn hnh ny lp tc c tr v v hin th trn mn hnh in thoi, d dng v n gin nh l thc hin 1 cuc gi ti bn b. Tt c nhng knh a thch u c lu gi trn my ch ca nh cung cp v c chia s vi chic Setopbox nh anh .
15

Nam rt ho hc v b phim Iron man2. 1 ngy anh nhn c tin nhn t dch v IPTv m anh ng k l Iron man2 c trn kho phim theo yu cu. Ti hm Nam quay s ti service@iptv.ims.hut.vn bng chic STB nh, sau chn b phim a thch ca mnh trong danh sch knh tr v ca nh mng. Nam rt hi lng vi cht lng cng nh gi ca b phim v trn mn hnh ti vi anh m danh sch bn b ra v gi 1 tin nhn ngn ti ngi bn ca mnh l Hng(Hung@mobi.ims.vn) Tt nhin ng cnh trn cha thc t thi im hin ti, tuy nhin trong 1 tng lai rt gn, cu chuyn ny s tr nn ph bin. Nhng giao tip tng tc dch v nh th s tr nn rt d dng khi c h tr bi kin trc IMS
1.2 Ni dung nghin cu

Vi mc ch nghin cu l pht trin ng dng theo kin trc IMS nn trong ti ny em s tp trung tm hiu tng quan v IMS, my ch ng dng v v dch v IPTV:
Tng quan v IMS: tm hiu v kin trc IMS, cc thnh phn, chc nng ca tng thnh phn, kin trc trin khai v mt s cc khi nim quan trng s dng trong IMS.
Cc giao thc lin quan: gii thiu v 1 s giao thc quan trng ch yu dng trong mng IMS, phc v cho ti.
Gii thiu dch v IPTV: tng qut v dch v IPTV, cc call flow quan trng trong dch v, cc tnh hung trong s dng dch v.
Thit k dch v IPTV: thit k dch v t cc yu cu thc t, s lp.
16

Trin khai dch v: cc bc s dng dch v i vi ngi dng cui.
2 CHNG II : V KIN TRC IMS

Trong chng ny s ni v kin trc IMS, chi tit cc thnh phn ca n v 1 s khi nim c bn lin quan n mng IMS v kt ni gia n v cc kin trc mng khc
2.1 Kin trc tng qut IMS

Trc khi tm hiu kin trc tng qut IMS, chng ta nn nh rng 3GPP khng chun ha theo nt m theo chc nng. iu c ngha l kin trc IMS l mt tp hp cc chc nng c kt ni vi nhau bi cc giao din c chun ha. Cc nh trin khai c th kt hp hai chc nng vo mt nt. Tng t, cc nh trin khai c th tch mt chc nng thnh hai hay nhiu nt. Nhn chung th hu ht nhng dch v cung cp u tun theo kin trc IMS mt cch cht ch v trin khai mi chc nng trong mt nt ring. Tuy nhin, vic tm kim cc nt trin khai nhiu hn mt chc nng v cc chc nng c phn phi qua nhiu hn mt nt l hon ton c th.
17

Hnh 2-1 : Kin trc IMS Trong hnh 2-1 minh ha mt ci nhn tng quan v kin trc IMS nh chun ha ca 3GPP. Trong hnh ch ra hu ht cc giao din bo hiu trong h thng IMS, n thng c cp n bi hai hay ba k t m ha. Chng ta khng th v tt c cc giao din c nh ngha trong IMS m ch c th lit k hu ht nhng nt giao din c lin quan. Trong IMS c phn chia thnh 3 phn: mng truy nhp, mng li v tng dch v.
2.1.1 Mng truy nhp

pha bn tri hnh 2-1, chng ta c th nhn thy cc u cui IMS di ng thng c nhc n nh l cc thit b ngi dng (User Endpoint). u cui IMS c ni vo mng chuyn mch gi nh l GPRS thng qua ng truyn v tuyn. Ch rng, mc d hnh trn ch ch ra mt thit b u cui IMS ni vo mng s dng ng truyn v tuyn nhng IMS cng h tr cc loi thit b v cc cch truy nhp khc. Thit b h tr c nhn PDAs v my tnh l
18

cc v d v cc thit b c th kt ni ti IMS. Mt v d khc v phng php truy cp l WLAN v ADSL.
2.1.2 Mng li
Phn cn li ca hnh ch ra cc nt bao gm trong mng li IMS. Cc nt ny l: Mt hay vi c s d liu ngi dng, cn gi l HSS v SLF.
Mt hay vi my ch ng SIP gi l CSCF (Call Session Control Function).
Mt hay vi MRF mi ci c chia nh thnh MRFC v MRFP.
Mt hay vi BGCF (Breakout Gateway Control Functions). Mt hoc vi PSTN gateways, c chia nh hn thnh SGW v MGCF.
2.1.2.1 C s d liu HSS v SLF

HSS (Home Subscriber Server) l trung tm lu tr d liu cc thng tin lin quan n ngi dng. V k thut th HSS ging nh HLR (Home Location Register), HLR l mt nt trong mng GSM. HSS bao gm cc thng tin thu bao lin quan n ngi dng c yu cu iu khin cc phin a phng tin. Nhng d liu ny bao gm, thng tin v tr, thng tin bo mt (bao gm cc thng tin nhn thc v phn quyn), cc thng tin v tiu s ngi dng (bao gm cc dch v m ngi dng ng k thu bao), v S-CSCF cp pht ti ngi dng. Mt mng c th cha mt hoc mt vi HSS, trong trng hp s lng thu bao qu nhiu so vi s qun l ca mt HSS. Trong tt c trng hp, tt c cc d liu lin quan n mt ngi dng c th c cha trong mt HSS. Cc mng vi mt HSS s khng cn SLF (Subscriber
19

Location Function). Mt khc, mng vi nhiu hn mt HSS yu cu c SLF. SLF l mt c s d liu n gin nh x a ch ngi dng ti HSS qun l tng ng. Mt nt yu cu truy vn SLF, vi mt a ch ngi dng l u vo, s thu c u ra l HSS c cha thng tin lin quan n ngi dng . C HSS v SLF u thc thi giao thc Diameter vi cc c trng ng dng diameter cho IMS.
2.1.2.2 Chc nng iu khin cuc gi phin

iu khin cuc gi phin (CSCF) l mt my ch SIP, l mt nt cn thit trong IMS. Cc CSCF x l cc bn tin bo hiu SIP trong IMS. C ba loi CSCF ph thuc vo cc chc nng m chng cung cp:
Proxy-CSCF (P-CSCF) : l mt my ch SIP, l im u tin lin lc gia u cui IMS v mng IMS. N c th c t mng khch (trong ton b mng IMS) hoc mng ch. Mt vi mng c th s dng thit b kim sot bin gii phin SBC (Session Border Controller) thc hin chc nng ny. kt ni vi h thng IMS, ngi dng trc tin phi gi ng k ti P-CSCF trong mng m n ang kt ni. a ch ca P-CSCF c truy cp thng qua giao thc DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) hoc s c cung cp khi ngi dng tin hnh thit lp kt ni PDP (Packet Data Protocol) trong mng thng tin di ng t bo. Chc nng ca P-CSCF bao gm: o P-CSCF c nhim v m bo chuyn ti cc yu cu t UE n my ch SIP ( y l S-CSCF) cng nh bn tin phn hi t my ch SIP v UE.
20

o P-CSCF c gn cho u cui IMS trong sut qu trnh ng k, v khng thay i trong sut qu trnh ng k. o P-CSCF nm trn ng i ca tt c cc bn tin bo hiu v c th c gn vo mi bn tin. o P-CSCF xc thc ngi dng v thit lp kt ni bo mt IPSec vi thit b u cui IMS ca ngi dng. P-CSCF cn c vai tr ngn cn cc tn cng nh spoofing, replay m bo s bo mt v an ton cho ngi dng. o P-CSCF c th nn v gii nn cc bn tin SIP dng sigcomp, gim thiu khi lng thng tin bo hiu truyn trn nhng ng truyn tc thp (hay gim tr khi truyn trn cc knh c bng thng hp). o P-CSCF c th tch hp chc nng quyt nh chnh sch PDF (Policy Decision Function) nhm qun l v m bo QoS cho cc dch v a phng tin. o P-CSCF cng tham gia vo qu trnh tnh cc dch v.
Interrogating-CSCF (I-CSCF) : l mt my ch SIP khc c t bin ca min qun tr. a ch IP ca I-CSCF c cng b trong DNS (Domain Name System) ca min, v th cc my ch ng dng xa c th tm thy I-CSCF v s dng I-CSCF nh mt im chuyn tip cho cc gi tin SIP ti min ny. Cc chc nng ca I-CSCF bao gm:
o nh tuyn bn tin yu cu SIP nhn c t mt mng khc
n S-CSCF tng ng. lm c iu ny, I-CSCF s truy vn HSS thng qua giao din Diameter Cx cp nht a ch S-CSCF tng ng ca ngi dng (giao din Dx
21

c dng t I-CSCF ti SLF nh v HSS cn thit). Nu nh cha c S-CSCF no c gn cho UE, I-CSCF s tin hnh gn mt S-CSCF cho ngi dng n x l yu cu SIP.
o Ngc li, I-CSCF s nh tuyn bn tin yu cu SIP hoc
bn tin tr li SIP n mt S-CSCF/I-CSCF nm trong mng ca mt nh cung cp dch v khc. I-CSCF lun lun c t ti mng ch, trong mt s trng hp nh THIG (Topology Hiding Inter-network Gateway), I-CSCF c t ti mng khch l tt nht.
Serving-CSCF (S-CSCF) : l mt nt trung tm ca h thng bo hiu IMS. S-CSCF vn hnh ging nh mt my ch SIP nhng n cng bao hm c chc nng qun l phin dch v. Thm vo vic thc hin chc nng l mt my ch SIP th n cng ng vai tr nh mt trung tm ng k SIP (SIP registrar). iu ny c ngha l n duy tr mi lin h gia v tr ca ngi dng (ni cch khc l a ch IP ca thit b u cui m ngi dng ng nhp) vi a ch SIP ca ngi dng (cng c bit n nh l nh danh chung ca ngi dng Public User Identity). Cng ging nh I-CSCF, S-CSCF cng thc thi mt giao din diameter vi HSS. L do chnh ca vic s dng giao din vi HSS l: o ti cc vector nhn thc ca ngi dng ang c gng truy cp mng t HSS. S-CSCF s dng vector ny nhn thc ngi dng.
22

o ti h s ngi dng t HSS. H s ngi dng bao gm cc triggers c th lm cho bn tin SIP c nh tuyn qua mt hoc vi my ch ng dng. o khai bo vi HSS v S-CSCF c cp cho ngi dng trong sut qu trnh ng k. Tt c cc bn tin bo hiu SIP m u cui IMS gi v nhn u i qu S-CSCF. S-CSCF s kim tra mi bn tin SIP v quyt nh xem liu bn tin bo hiu ny nn i qua mt hay nhiu my ch ng dng trn ng i ti ch cui cng ca n. Cc my ch ng dng ny s cung cp cc kh nng v mt dch v ti ngi dng. Mt chc nng chnh ca S-CSCF l cung cp dch v nh tuyn bn tin SIP. Nu ngi dng quay s in thoi thay v s dng SIP URI (Uniform Resource Identifier) th S-CSCF cung cp mt dch v chuyn i, thng da trn chun DNS E.164 Number Translation (DNS/ENUM) (c m t trong RFC-2916 [100]). S-CSCF cng tc ng vo chnh sch mng ca nh cung cp. V d, mt ngi dng c th khng c quyn thit lp mt phin c th no c. S-CSCF trnh cho ngi dng thc hin cc chc nng khng c cho php. Mt mng thng bao gm mt s cc S-CSCF cho mc ch m rng v d phng. Mi S-CSCF phc v mt s lng u cui ty thuc vo dung lng ca n. S-CSCF lun lun c t ti mng ch.
2.1.2.3 My ch x l media
My ch x l media (MRF) cung cp ti nguyn media trong mng ch. MRF (Media Resource Function) cung cp cho mng ch kh nng a ra
23

cc thng bo trong lung media (v d trong cu hi tho tp trung), chuyn i gia cc loi m ha, thu nhn s liu thng k v thc hin bt c loi phn tch media no. MRF cn c chia thnh mt nt nh hn trong min bo hiu gi l MRFC (Media Resource Function Controller) v mt nt trong min media l MRFP (Media Resource Function Processor). MRFC hot ng nh l mt SIP User Agent v cha cc giao din SIP vi S-SCSF. MRFC iu khin ti nguyn trong MRFP thng qua giao din H.248. MRFP trin khai tt c cc hm lin quan n media nh l chi v trn media. MRF lun t mng ch.
2.1.2.4 Chc nng iu khin cng chuyn mng

Chc nng iu khin cng chuyn mng (BGCF) thc hin ch yu l chc nng ca my ch SIP bao gm chc nng nh tuyn da trn s in thoi. BGCF (Breakout Gateway Control Function) ch dng trong cc phin c khi to bi u cui IMS v hng ti mt ngi dng trong mng chuyn mch knh nh l PSTN hay PLMN. Chc nng chnh ca BGCF l: La chn mng thch hp ni m tng tc vi min chuyn mch knh xy ra. Hoc la chn cng PSTN/CS ph hp, nu tng tc xy ra trong cng mt mng m BGCF c t.
2.1.2.5 PSTN/CS Gateway
24

PSTN gateway cung cp mt giao din hng ti mt mng chuyn mch knh, cho php cc thit b u cui IMS gi v nhn cuc gi ti PSTN v t PSTN.
Hnh 2-2 : Giao tip gia PSTN/CS gateway v mng CS Hnh 2-2 m t mt BGCF v mt PSTN gateway ring bit c giao tip mng vi PSTN. PSTN gateway c phn tch thnh cc chc nng sau: SGW (Signalling Gateway) : Signalling gateway giao tip vi mt phng bo hiu ca mng chuyn mch knh. SGW thc hin bin i giao thc lp thp hn. V d: SGW c nhim v thay th cc giao thc MTP (ITU-T khuyn ngh Q.701 [133]) mc thp hn vn chuyn cng vi SCTP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol, c nh ngha ti RFC 2960 [230]) trn a ch IP. V th, SGW chuyn i ISUP (ITU-T khuyn ngh Q.761 [139]) hoc BICC
25

[ITU-T khuyn ngh ti Q.1901 [140]) trn MTP thnh ISUP hoc BICC trn SCTP/IP. MGCF (Media Gateway Control Function) : MGCF l nt trung tm ca PSTN/CS gateway. MGCF trin khai mt c ch thc hin chuyn i giao thc v nh x SIP sang hoc l ISUP trn IP hoc l BICC trn IP (c BICC v ISUP u l cc giao thc iu khin cuc gi trong mng chuyn mch knh). Hn na, bin i giao thc iu khin cuc gi th MGCF iu khin ngun ti nguyn trong MGW (Media Gateway). Giao thc c s dng gia MGCF v MGW l H.248 (ITU-T khuyn ngh H.248 [143]). MGW (Media Gateway) : Media Gateway giao tip vi mt phng media ca mng PSTN hoc mng CS. Mt mt MGW c th gi hoc nhn media ca IMS thng qua giao thc RTP (RFC 3550 [225]). Mt khc, MGW s dng mt hoc nhiu khe thi gian PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) kt ni ti mng CS. Thm vo , MGW thc hin chuyn i m khi u cui IMS khng h tr codec c s dng bi mng chuyn mch knh. Mt tnh hung ph bin thng xy l khi thit b u cui IMS s dng b gii m AMR trong khi thit b u cui ca mng PSTN li s dng b gii m G.711 (ITU-T khuyn ngh G.711 [131]).
2.1.2.6 Mng ch v mng khch

IMS mn mt vi khi nim t GSM v GPRS nh mng ch v mng khch. Trong m hnh t bo, khi chng ta s dng in thoi di ng trong khu vc ni chng ta c tr, khi l chng ta ang s dng c s h tng do cc nh iu hnh mng cung cp. C s h tng ny hnh thnh mng ch (home network). Mt khc, khi chng ta chuyn ra ngoi khu vc che
26

ph ca mng ch, chng ta s dng c s h tng c cung cp bi mt nh iu hnh mng khc. C s h tng ny c gi l mng khch (visited network). s dng mng khch th cc nh iu hnh mng khch v mng ch phi c mt tha thun vi nhau. Cc tha thun ny c th l gi cc cuc gi, cht lng dch v hoc l phng thc quy i bng tnh cc. Hu ht cc nt IMS c t ti mng ch nhng c nt cng c t trong mng khch hoc mng ch, nt l P-CSCF. Kin trc IMS cho php hai cu hnh khc nhau cho P-CSCF, ty thuc vo v tr ca P-CSCF mng khch hay mng ch. Thm vo , khi IP-CAN (IP Connectivity Access Network) l GPRS th v tr ca P-CSCF ph thuc vo v tr ca GGSN. Trong tnh hung chuyn vng, GPRS cho php v tr ca GGSN hoc trong mng ch hoc trong mng khch (bnh thng SGSN lun c t mng khch). Trong IMS c GGSN v P-CSCF phi nm trong cng mt mng. iu ny cho php P-CSCF iu khin GGSN qua giao din Go. V c P-CSCF v GGSN u nm trong cng mt mng nn giao din Go lun lun l giao din hot ng bn trong v lm cho vic hot ng ca mng n gin hn. Hnh 2-3, cho chng ta thy cu hnh P-CSCF (v GGSN) t ti mng khch. Cu hnh ny th hin tm nhn lu di v IMS v n yu cu IMS h tr thc hin t mng khch.
27

Hnh 2-3 : P-CSCF t ti mng khch Khng th mong i tt c cc mng trn th gii u trin khai IMS ng thi. Do cng khng th mong ch tt c cc mng thnh phn s cp nht cc GGSN theo cng mt chun ti cng mt thi im v cng bt u cung cp dch v IMS. V vy chng ta ch c th mong ch vic sm c s trin khai IMS m P-CSCF trong mng ch nh hnh 2-4 di y.
Hnh 2-4 : P-CSCF t ti mng ch Hnh 2-4 ch ra cu hnh hin ti khi c P-CSCF v GGSN u t ti mng ch. Cu hnh ny khng yu cu s h tr IMS t mng khch. Mng khch khng cn phi c GGSN tun theo phin bn 3GPP Release 5. Mng khch ch cn cung cp lin lc v tuyn v SGSN. V th, cu hnh
28

ny c trin khai t nhng ngy u ca IMS. Nh mt h qu, ngi ta mong mun rng n s l cu hnh ph bin trong nhng nm u trin khai IMS.
2.1.3 Tng dch v

Phn ny bao gm cc my ch ng dng c nhim v cung cp cc dch v ti ngi dng cui. Cc my ch ng dng l cc thc th SIP thc hin dch v v giao tip vi S-CSCF s dng SIP. Ph thuc vo cc dch v thc t m my ch ng dng c th hot ng cc ch : SIP proxy, ch SIP UA (User Agent) hay ch SIP B2BUA (Back-to-Back User Agent). My ch ng dng c th nm trong mng ch hoc trong mt mng th ba bn ngoi. Nu nm trong mng ch, n c th truy vn HSS qua giao din diameter Sh (cho my ch ng dng), hay giao din MAP (Mobile Application Part) cho loi my ch IM-SSF (IP Multimedia Service Switching Function). Nh ni trn, u im ln nht ca IMS l kh nng pht trin cc dch v mi mt cch d dng. Kin trc IMS c thit k cho php cc nh iu hnh cung cp di rng cc dch v da trn chuyn mch gi v thi gian thc. IMS cng cho php lu li cc thng tin ca dch v c th tnh cc da theo thi gian cng nh da trn dch v v bng thng. T c im thit k ca mnh, IMS k tha tt c cc dch v u vit nht ca mng vin thng v mng internet c bit l cc dch v a phng tin bao gm cc dch v gi thng thng v cc dch v nng cao nh: Nhn tin a phng tin Hi tho a phng tin IPTV Dch v kim tra trng thi ngi dng (Presence)
29

Dch v instant message Tng dch v c thit k tch ri vi mng li v mng truy nhp c chun ha.
2.2 nh danh trong IMS

Trong bt k mt mng no cng u phi dnh danh c ngi dng mt cch duy nht. y l thuc tnh cho php mt in thoi nht nh chung m khng phi l mt in thoi khc khi chng ta quay s trong mng PSTN. Vn trung tm ca bt k mt mng no l kh nng ca nh cung cp nh danh ngi dng cho cuc gi c th n c ng ngi dng. Trong mng in thoi cng cng, ngi dng c nh danh bi s in thoi (l mt tp hp cc ch s theo th t nh danh thu bao in thoi). S in thoi xc nh ch thu bao c th c biu din di nhiu dng khc nhau: dng s ni ht, s ngoi ht hay s dng quc t. Thc cht chng ch l cc cch biu din khc nhau ca cng mt thu bao. di ca chui s ph thuc vo ch n ca cuc gi (v d nh cng mt khu vc, khc vng hay quc gia khc). Thm vo , khi mt dch v c cung cp, i khi n cng yu cu nh danh dch v. Trong mng PSTN, dch v c nh danh bi nhng s c bit, thng c phn tip u c bit, v d nh 800. IMS cng cung cp c ch nh danh dch v.
2.2.1 nh danh ngi dng cng cng

Trong IMS cungc c mt cch tin nh xc nh ngi dng. Mt ngi dng IMS cng c cp pht mt hay nhiu nh danh ngi dng cng cng. Nh cung cp dch v ni ht c trch nhim cp pht cc nh danh ny cho mi thu bao IMS. Mt danh ngi dng cng cng c th l mt SIP URI (nh nh ngha trong RFC 3261 [215]) hay mt TEL URI (nh
30

nh ngha trong RFC 3966 [220]). nh danh ngi dng cng cng c s dng nh thng tin lin lc trong th thng mi. Trong IMS, nh danh ngi dng cng cng c s dng nh tuyn cc bn tin bo hiu SIP. Nu chng ta so snh gia IMS v GSM, mt dnh danh ngi dng cng cng i vi IMS cng ging nh mt nh danh MSISDN (Mobile Subscriber ISDN Number) trong mng GSM. Khi nh danh ngi dng cng cng cha SIP URI, n thng c dng l sip:first.last@operator.com, mc d nh cung cp IMS c th chuyn i dng thc ny v tha mn theo nhu cu ca h. Thm vo , cng c kh nng bao hm s in thoi trong SIP URI s dng nh dng sau: sip:+1-212-555-0293@operator.com;user=phone nh dng ny l cn thit bi SIP yu cu URI c ng k di l SIP URI. Do , n khng th ng k TEL URI trong SIP, mc d hon ton c th ng k mt SIP URI c cha mt s in thoi. TEL URI l mt dng khc m nh danh ngi dng cng cng c th s dng c. Di y l mt TEL URI c trnh by di dng s in thoi quc t: tel:+1-212-555-0293 TEL URI l cn thit thc hin mt cuc gi t u cui IMS sang mng in thoi cng cng PSTN, bi v s in thoi PSTN c biu din di dng s. Mt khc, TEL URI cng cn thit nu mt thu bao PSTN mun thc hin mt cuc gi n mt ngi dng IMS, bi v ngi dng PSTN ch c th quay s. Chng ta hnh dung cc nh cung cp dch v s cp t nht mt SIP URI v mt TEL URI cho mi mt ngi dng. C rt nhiu l do cho vic cp nhiu hn mt nh danh ngi dng cng cng cho mt ngi dng, nh l kh nng phn bit cc nh danh c nhn m bn b v ngi thn bit
31

vi nh danh cng cng dng trong cng vic kinh doanh c bit n bi cc ng nghip, hoc l kch hot mt nhm cc dch v. IMS mang n mt khi nim th v: mt tp hp nh danh ngi dng cng cng c ng k. Trong hot ng thng thng ca SIP, mi nh danh cn ng k yu cu mt bn tin SIP REGISTER. Trong IMS, ta c th ng k mt vi nh danh ngi dng cng cng trong mt bn tin, iu ny nhm tit kim thi gian v bng thng.
2.2.2 nh danh ngi dng ring

Mi thu bao IMS c cp mt nh danh ngi dng ring. Khng ging nh nh danh ngi dng cng cng, nh danh ngi dng ring khng phi l mt SIP URI hay TEL URI, m thay vo chng thng c nh dng ca nh danh ngi dng truy nhp NAI (Network Access Identifier, theo quy c ca RFC 2486 [451]). nh dng ca NAI l: username@operator.com. Khng nh nh danh ngi dng cng cng, nh danh ngi dng ring khng c s dng nh tuyn bn tin yu cu SIP, thay vo chng c dnh ring cho vic nh danh thu bao v cho mc ch nhn thc. Mt nh danh ngi dng ring thc hin chc nng trong IMS tng t nh IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identifier) trong mng GSM. nh danh ngi dng ring khng cn ngi dng bit n, bi v n c th c lu trong mt th thng minh cng ging nh IMSI c lu trong SIM (Subscriber Identity Module).
2.2.3 Mi quan h gia nh danh cng cng v nh danh ring

Nh cung cp dch v cp mt hoc nhiu nh danh ngi dng cng cng cho mi mt ngi dng. Trong trng hp GSM/UMTS (Universal Mobile
32

Telecommunication System), th thng minh lu nh danh ngi dng ring v c t nht mt nh danh ngi dng cng cng. HSS l mt c s d liu chung cho mi d liu lin quan n thu bao, cha nh danh ngi dng ring v mt tp hp cc nh danh ngi dng cng cng c gn cho ngi dng. HSS v S-CSCF cng c tng quan vi nh danh ngi dng cng v nh danh ngi dng ring. Mi quan h gia mt thu bao, nh danh ngi dng ring v mt s nh danh ngi dng cng cng c th hin nh trong hnh 2-5. y l trng hp ca IMS nh chun ha trong 3GPP Release 5.
Hnh 2-5 : Quan h gia nh danh ngi dng ring v nh danh ngi dng cng cng theo 3GPP R5 3GPP Release 6 m rng mi quan h gia nh danh ngi dng ring v nh danh ngi dng chung nh hnh 2-6 di y. Mt thu bao IMS c cp khng ch mt m l mt s nh danh ngi dng ring. Trong trng hp UMTS, ch mt nh danh ngi dng ring c lu tr trong th thng minh, nhng ngi dng c th c nhiu th thng minh khc nhau m h c th cho vo u cui IMS. C th cc nh danh ngi dng cng cng ny c s dng kt hp vi nhiu hn mt dnh danh ngi dng ring. l trng hp ca nh danh ngi dng cng cng s 2 trong hnh
33

2-6, bi v n c gn cho c nh danh ngi dng ring s 1 v s 2. iu ny cho php nh danh ngi dng cng cng s 2 c th s dng ng thi t hai u cui IMS, mi mt thit b c gn mt nh danh ngi dng ring khc nhau (v d nh cc th thng minh khc nhau c gn vo cc u cui khc nhau).
Hnh 2-6 : Quan h gia nh danh ngi dng ring v nh danh ngi dng cng cng theo 3GPP R6
2.2.4 nh danh dch v cng cng

2.2.4.1 nh ngha PSI
Khi nim ca nh danh dch v cng cng (PSI Public Service Identities) c gii thiu trong 3GPP Release 6. Khng ging nh nh danh ngi dng cng cng, mt PSI l mt nh danh c cp pht cho dch v trn my ch ng dng (AS Application Server). V d, mt my ch ng dng phc v mt chatroom c nh danh bi PSI. Ging nh nh danh ngi dng cng cng, PSI c th c dng SIP URI hoc TEL URI.
34

Khng ging nh danh ngi dng cng cng, PSI khng lin quan n nh danh ngi dng ring. S d nh vy l do nh danh ngi dng ring ch s dng dnh cho mc ch nhn thc. PSI khng c p dng cho ngi dng.
2.2.4.2 Phn loi PSI

PSI c cha trong HSS di dng hoc l PSI c trng hoc l Wildcarded PSI. Mt PSI c trng (Distinct PSI) c cha PSI c s dng trong qu trnh nh tuyn. Trong khi Wildcarded PSI l mt tp hp cc PSI. Wildcarded PSI cho php ngi dng ti u hot ng v duy tr cc nt. Mt Wildcarded PSI c cha hn hai du chm than s c xem nh mt cp du ngn cch. Khi c cha trong HSS, Wildcarded PSI s bao gm cc k t ngn cch xc nh phn m rng ca PSI. V d: PSI sau c th cha trong HSS sip:chatlist!.*!@example.com. V d cc PSI sau giao tip trn giao din bn tin vi HSS s c i thnh sip:chatlist!.*!@example.com. Khi cha trong HSS: sip:chatlist1@example.com sip:chatlist2@example.com sip:chatlist42@example.com sip:chatlistabc@example.com sip:chatlist!1@example.com
2.3 SIM, USIM v ISIM trong 3GPP

UICC (Universal Integrated Circuit Card) l trung tm trong thit k thit b u cui 3GPP. UICC l mt th thng minh c th tho lp v mang theo ngi mt cch rt n gin, UICC lu tr mt s d liu nh thng tin ng
35

k thu bao, m nhn thc, s a ch v cc tin nhn. Nu khng c UICC th thit b u cui ch c th gi cc s khn cp. UICC cho php ngi dng di chuyn d dng thng tin thu bao ca h sang thit b mi bng cch lp th thng minh sang thit b . UICC l mt khi nim chung nh ngha cc c tnh ca th thng minh. UICC c th bao gm mt vi ng dng logic nh SIM (Subscriber Identity Module), USIM (Universal Subscriber Identity Module) v ISIM (IP multimedia Services Identity Module). Thm vo , UICC cn c th cha cc ng dng khc nh danh b in thoi.
2.3.1 SIM
SIM lu tr mt tp hp cc tham s nh thng tin ng k ngi dng, m nhn thc v cc tin nhn. SIM l thnh phn c bn nht trong cc thit b u cui ngi dng c th ha mng. Mc d khi nim UICC v SIM l c th thay i cho nhau, UICC c xem nh mt th vt l, trong khi SIM c xem nh mt ng dng n l nm trong UICC. SIM c s dng rng ri trong cc mng di ng th h th hai, nh mng GSM.
2.3.2 USIM
USIM l mt ng dng khc nm trong UICC. USIM cung cp mt tp hp cc tham s bao gm thng tin ng k thu bao, thng tin nhn thc, phng php thanh ton v lu tr tin nhn. USIM c s dng truy nhp mng UMTS. Cc thit b u cui trong mng chuyn mch gi v chuyn mch knh cn phi c USIM hot ng c trong mng di ng th h th ba. R rng, c SIM v USIM c th cng tn ti ng thi trong UICC thit b u cui c th s dng ng thi mng GSM v UMTS.
2.3.3 ISIM
36

Mt ng dng th ba c th hin din trong UICC l ISIM. ISIM c vai tr c bit quan trng trong IMS, bi v ISIM c cha mt tp hp cc thng s c s dng lm chng thc ngi dng, nhn dng ngi dng, cu hnh thit b u cui hot ng trong mng IMS. ISIM c th tn ti cng SIM, USIM hoc tt c cc ng dng trong cng UICC.
2.4 Tiu chun lc

Tiu chun lc l mt trong nhng thnh phn quan trng nht ca thng tin ngi dng c lu tr trn mng v chng xc nh loi dch v no s cung cp cho ngi s dng. Tiu chun lc bao gm mt tp hp thng tin lin quan n ngi dng gip cho S-CSCF quyt nh khi no gi my ch ng dng cung cp dch v. Theo tiu chun 3GPP TS 23.218 [20] c hai tiu chun lc l: tiu chun lc khi to (IFC Initial Filter Criteria) v tiu chun lc k tip (SFC Subsequent Filter Criteria). Tuy nhin ch c tiu chun lc khi to IFC l c s dng. Tiu chun lc k tip SFC vn cn nm trn l thuyt, do nu p dng tiu chun lc k tip SFC ti S-CSCF c th s gy ra xung t vi quy tc nh tuyn bn tin SIP cho cc proxy. Tiu chun lc khi to IFC c nhim v nh gi cc yu cu khi to SIP v to ra cc yu cu n. V d, S-CSCF nh gi tiu chun lc khi to khi nhn c yu cu SUBSCRIBE u tin, INVITE, OPTIONS, hoc bt c yu cu no to ra cuc hi thoi hoc c gi ngoi cc hp thoi. S-CSCF khng nh gi tiu chun lc khi to khi nhn c yu cu PRACK, NOTIFY, UPDATE, hoc BYE do chng lun lun c gi nh mt phn ca mt hi thoi SIP ang tn ti. Khi nim tiu chun lc k tip l S-CSCF s nh gi tiu chun lc k tip khi n nhn c yu cu k tip trong hp thoi SIP. Tuy nhin, kt qu ca vic nh gi tiu chun lc k tip c th dn n vic S-CSCF chuyn tip
37

yu cu SIP k tip n mt my ch ng dng, iu ny tri ngc vi th tc nh tuyn cho yu cu k tip trong mt SIP proxy. Hn na, trong s kin mt my ch ng dng nhn c yu cu k tip ny, khi my ch ng dng vn cha nhn c yu cu khi to SIP to hp thoi SIP. Do , my ch ng dng s hy yu cu v b qua yu cu k tip . T dn n vic khng s dng tiu chun lc k tip. Tiu chun lc duy nht c trin khai l tiu chun lc khi to. Do tiu chun lc k tip khng tn ti nn thut ng tiu chun lc khi to v tiu chun lc l nh nhau. HSS lu gi tt c d liu lin quan ti ngi dng trong mt cu trc d liu tn l User Profile. Hnh 2-7 m t cu trc n gin cp cao ca user profile. User Profile cha nh danh ring thu bao m user profile thuc v v mt hay nhiu service profile. Mi mt service profile cha mt hay nhiu nh danh cng cng thu bao m service profile thuc v v khng c hoc nhiu tiu chun lc.
38

Hnh 2-7 : Cu trc ca User Profile Khi ngi dng ng k vi S-CSCF, S-CSCF lin lc vi HSS v ti user profile c cha tiu chun lc. Vy tiu chun lc vn tn ti trong S-SCSF ti thi im ngi dng ng k.
39

Tiu chun lc xc nh cc dch v m n c th p dng c thu thp nh danh cng cng thu bao lit k trong Service profile. Cu trc d liu ca tiu chun lc c th hin hnh 2-8.
Hnh 2-8 : Cu trc tiu chun lc khi to
40

Trng u tin trong cu trc tiu chun lc l Priority. Trng Priority xc nh th t ca tiu chun lc s c nh gi so vi cc tiu chun lc cn li trong cng mt service profile. S-SCSF trc tin s chn tiu chun lc c u tin cao, v d u tin 1 l u tin cao nht. Sau khi thc thi n, S-SCSF tip tc vi tiu chun lc tip theo c u tin nh hn. Trng Priority ca tiu chun lc l s duy nht i vi cc tiu chun lc trong cng mt service profile. Trong mt s trng hp, s u tin khng cn thit phi lin nhau. Sau trng Priority, c th khng c hoc c mt Trigger Point (im kch hot). Mt Trigger Point l mt biu thc cn c nh gi xc nh xem yu cu SIP c c chuyn tip n my ch ng dng hay khng. Mt im kch hot l tp hp cc b lc ring bit c gi l Service Point Triggers. V d, mt Trigger Point c th nh sau: (Method = INVITE) AND (Request-URI = sip:user@example.com) Trong v d ny c hai Service Point Trigger l Method = INVITE v Request-URI = sip:user@example.com. Sevice Point Trigger cho php ta truy nhp thng tin c lu tr cha trong cc trng khc nhau ca yu cu SIP. Gi tr ca Request-URI.
Phng thc ca yu cu SIP (v d: INVITE, OPTIONS, SUBSCRIBE,).
S c mt hay vng mt ca bt c trng iu khin SIP (SIP header) no. Trng mt phn hay ton b ni dung ca bt k trng iu khin SIP no.
41

Trng hp phin (v d, yu cu SIP c ngun l mt thu bao c phc v gi n thu bao ng k, hoc gi n thu bao cha ng k). M t phin (v d, trng mt phn hay ton b bt k mt dng SDP no). Nu khng c Trigger Point th cc yu cu SIP c chuyn tip n my ch ng dng v iu kin. Sau Trigger Points cha mt hay nhiu Service Point Triggers, tiu chun lc khi to cha AS SIP URI. y l a ch ca my ch ng dng s nhn yu cu SIP nu cc iu kin c m t trong cc Trigger Point c tha mn. Trng Default Handling ch hnh ng s xy ra nu S-CSCF vi l do no khng th lin lc c vi my ch ng dng. Cc hnh ng c th tip tc x l yu cu SIP hoc ngng x l. Trng Service Information cha d liu trong sut (v d, trong sut vi HSS v S-CSCF) m my ch ng dng c th cn x l yu cu. Cch s dng trng ny c gii hn vi cc yu cu SIP REGISTER hoc bt k yu cu no khc khi m S-CSCF hot ng nh l mt SIP User Agent Client. Nguyn nhn l do cc d liu c thm vo phn thn ca yu cu SIP. Hnh ng ny khng c chp nhn trong cc SIP Proxy. V vy, trng hp duy nht s dng thng tin ny l khi S-CSCF, ty theo tiu chun lc khi to, hot ng nh mt SIP User Agent Client to ra yu cu SIP REGISTER bn th ba ti my ch ng dng. Yu cu REGISTER c th cha Service Information (trong trng hp my ch ng dng cn n), vi mc ch l truyn IMSI ti IM-SSF ca thu bao, v IMSI c th c s dng bi IM-SSF. Cui cng, user profile c m ha s dng ngn ng nh du m rng XML (Extensible Markup Language). Mu XML nh ngha tiu chun lc
42

khi to c m t trong 3GPP TS 29.228 [21]. Tiu chun lc khi to c truyn t HSS n S-SCSF thng qua bn tin Diameter.
2.5 Trin khai kin trc IMS

Kin trc IMS c trin khai trong ti:
Hnh 2-9 : S cc khi chc nng trong kin trc IMS Bao gm cc khi chc nng: My ch ng dng: o Cung cp giao din web cho ngi dng thc hin cc dch v trn nn IMS. o Giao tip vi cc module AD/DB xc thc dch v.
43

Khoa in t vin thng - t4 K50 Giang K Nam o Pht trin cc dch v Iptv, conferencing, presence, da trn
SIP Servlet. Media server: o Thc hin cc chc nng x l d liu a phng tin (MSF v MRF tng ng trong kin trc IMS). o IS-ME s thc hin nhng cng vic sau:
Playing cc file thng bo (audio/video).
Hi thoi a phng tin. Chuyn m (transcoding) cc loi d liu a phng tin. Tng lai s thc hin Text to Speak. Thc hin cc dch v iu khin cuc gi (t IS-CC). User client: o Cung cp mt phng tin lin lc a phng tin bng giao thc SIP trn nn IP. o H tr kiu d liu a phng tin. o Chy trn PC, tng lai l trn in thoi di ng v cc thit b cm tay (s dng h iu hnh linux hoc symbian). o Cung cp cc dch v chnh: gi in, xem video (dng streaming), o Instant messaging, AD/DB:
44

o Thc hin cc tc v qun l cc thnh phn ca h thng v quan trng hn l thc hin cc chc nng tnh cc v xc thc dch v. o Thng tin v ngi dng c cha trong c s d liu mySQL gip xc thc dch v v xc thc ngi dng. o Giao tip vi module AS cung cp cc thng tin x l dch v.
45

3 CHNG III : CC GIAO THC QUAN TRNG

Trong chng ny, chng ta s cp n 3 giao thc quan trng s dng ch yu trong n, l giao thc m t phin SDP, giao thc khi to phin SIP v giao thc nhn thc cp quyn tnh ton Diameter.
3.1 Giao thc SDP

3.1.1 M t phin
Mt m t phin l mt m t bao gm nhng thng tin cn thit cho cc ngi dng xa c th tham gia vo phin . Trong cc phin a phng tin trn internet, nhng thng tin ny bao gm a ch IP v tn cng gi i v cc b m ha gii m dng m ha voice v hnh nh cn gi ca ngi tham gia. Nhng m t v phin c nhng nh dng ring. nh dng hay dng nht l giao thc m t phin SDP (Session Description Protocol), c nh ngha trong RFC 2327 [115]. SDP n gin l mt nh dng vn bn miu t cc phin multimedia. Hnh 3-1 l mt v d minh ha m t phin gia Alice v Bob. SDP cha thng tin v a ch IP, s cng m Alice mun nhn audio (20000) v nhn video (20002), cc b m ha gii m audio v video m Alice h tr (0 tng ng vi lut m ha audio G.711 v 31 tng ng vi b m ha H.261) v thng tin v ch ca cuc hi thoi.
46

Hnh 3-10 : Mt v d v m t phin SDP Nh ta thy hnh trn, mt m t SDP bao gm hai phn thng tin v phin v thng tin v media. Thng tin v phin tri ton b phin v xut hin trc dng m=. Nm dng u tin tng ng vi thng tin v phin. Chng cung cp nhng thng tin v nhn dng ngi dng (v= v o=), ch ca phin (s=), a ch ca Alice (c=) v thi gian ca phin (t=). Thng tin v media l lung media c th bao gm dng m= v mt s la chn a= cung cp thng tin v lung media. Trong v d hnh 3-1 c hai dng media v v vy c hai dng m=. Dng a= ch ra lung media y l hai chiu (cc user gi v nhn media). Nh minh ha trn hnh 3-1, nh dng ca tt c cc dng SDP bao gm dng kiu = gi tr, kiu l mt ch ci. Hnh 3-2 ch ra cc kiu trong SDP. Mc d SDP l mt nh dng ph bin miu t cc phin a phng tin nhng SIP khng ph thuc vo SDP. SIP l mt dng c lp vi vic m t phin tc l SIP c th a ra mt m t phin dng SDP hay l bt k mt dng khc.
47

Hnh 3-11 : Cc kiu trong SDP
3.1.2 M hnh Offer/Answer

Trong v d v SDP hnh 3-1, Alice gi mt m t phin n Bob c cha a ch ca Alice (bao gm a ch IP v s hiu cng). Tt nhin nh th l cha thit lp mt phin gia hai ngi. Alice cng cn phi bit a ch tng ng ca Bob. SIP cung cp phng thc trao i m t phin gia hai ngi gi l m hnh offer/answer (c m t trong RFC 3264 [212]). Mt trong hai ngi dng (offerer) to ra mt m t phin (offer) v gi n ti mt ngi dng khc (answerer) to ra mt m t phin mi (answer) gi ti offerer. RFC 3264 [212] a ra nhng quy nh v phng cch to ra offer v anser. Sau khi trao i offer/answer c hai ngi s c nhng thng tin v phin c thit lp. H s bit nh dng cn s dng v a ch truyn ti cho phin . Trao i offer/answer cng c th cung cp nhng thng tin khc nh m v gii m
48

Hnh 3-3 minh ha vic Bob gi li cho Alice sau khi nhn c mt offer ca Alice.
Hnh 3-12 : M t phin SDP ca Bob a ch ca Bob l 192.0.0.2, s cng ni Bob nhn audio l 30000, s cng ni Bob nhn video l 30002 v Bob cng dng b m ha gii m ging Alice (G.711 -law v H.261). Sau khi trao i offer/answer c hai c th trao i v audio v video cho nhau.
3.1.3 SIP v SIPS URIs

SIP nhn dng ngi dng bng SIP URI tng t nh a ch ca mt email, SIP URI bao gm tn v mt tn min. Thm vo , SIP URI c th cha mt s cc thng s c phn cch bi cc du chm phy. V d v SIP URIs: sip:hoang.danghuy@ims.hut.vn sip:thien.nguyenduc@ims.fet.hut sip:asims@hut.edu.vn;transport=tcp Thm vo , ngi dng c th c nhn ra bng SIP URI. Cc thc th giao tip vi SIPS RIs dng TLS (Transport Layer Security) bo mt cc bn tin ca ngi dng. V d v SIPS URIs:
49

sips:son.dinhngoc@ims.fet.hut sips:hoang.daoxuan@ims.hut.vn
3.1.4 nh v ngi dng

Mc nh chnh ca SIP l a ra mt m t phin ti ngi dng v tr hin ti ca h, v chng ta thy nh dng ca mt m t phin. By gi chng ta xem xt SIP nhn ra v tr ca ngi dng nh th no. SIP cung cp tnh linh ng c nhn tc l mt ngi dng s c nhn dng nh nhau bt k ngi ang u. V d, Alice c nhn dng bi SIP URI ti sip:Alice.Smith@domain.com bt k Alice ang u, y l URI cng cng ca Alice hay cn c gi l AoR (Address of Record). Tuy nhin, khi Alice ng nhp ti ni lm vic, a ch SIP URI ca c y l sip:asmith@ws1234.company.com v khi Alice lm vic ti trng i hc th a ch SIP URI l sip:alice@pc12.university.edu Bi vy, chng ta cn phi c phng php nh x ti a ch cng cng ca Alice sip:Alice.Smith@domain.com ti cc a ch URI hin thi ca c y (ti ni lm vic hoc ti trng i hc). lm c iu ny, SIP a ra mt thnh phn mng gi l registrar ca mt domain. Registrar qun l cc yu cu c gi ti mt domain. V vy yu cu gi ti sip:Alice.Smith@domain.com s c qun l bi SIP registrar ti domain.com.
50

Bt c lc no Alice ng nhp ti mt khu vc mi, Alice s ng k v tr mi ti domain.com nh c ch ra trn hnh 3-4.
Hnh 3-13 : Alice ng k v tr ngi dng vi tn min domain.com registrar Khi tip nhn ng k registrar ti domain.com s lu tr c ch nh x gia URI cng cng ca Alice v v tr hin ti ca c y theo hai cch: n c th dng c s d liu hoc c th ti ln c ch nh x ny ti my ch v tr. Nu registrar dng my ch v tr th n cn tra cu khi n nhn c yu cu ca Alice. Ch rng giao din gia registrar v my ch v tr khng dng SIP m dng cc giao thc khc.
3.2 Giao thc Diameter

Diameter l 1 giao thc dng cho mc ch xc thc ngi dng, cp quyn v tnh ton (AAA). Diameter l giao thc tip sau ca RADIUS Giao thc Diameter c bn c nh ngha trong RFC 3588, nh ngha nhng yu cu ti thiu dng cho mc ch AAA. Cc ng dng Diameter c th m rng giao thc diameter c bn bng cch thm vo nhiu thuc tnh cng nh cc lnh. Diameter c truyn bo mt bng ipsec hoc tls, t chc IANA gn cho Diameter/TCP hay SCTP cng 3868.
51

3.2.1 Gi tin Diameter

Cu trc:
Hnh 3-14: Cu trc gi tin Diameter
Cc command c quan tm trong ti:

Bng 3-1: Diameter commands
Command-Name Abbr. Capabilities-Exchange-Request CER Capabilities-Exchange-Answer CEA Device-Watchdog-Request DWR Device-Watchdog-Answer DWA Disconnect-Peer-Request DPR Disconnect-Peer-Answer DPA User-Data-Request UDR User-Data-Answer UDA Profile-Update-Request PUR Profile-Update-Answer PUA
Attribute-Value Pairs (AVPs)
Code 257 257 280 280 282 282 306 306 307 307
52

Hnh 3-15: Cu trc AVP trong gi tin Diameter
Bit V ch nh s c mt ca trng Vendor-ID trong AVP header. Bit M ch nh AVP ny l bt buc phi c. Bit P ch ra AVP ny c c m ha m bo cho bo mt thng tin gia cc u cui hay ko. Cc AVP c quan tm n trong ti:
Bng 3-2: Diameter AVPs Attribute-Name Code Data Type
Destination-Host 293 Destination-Realm 283 Experimental-Result 297 Experimental-Result-Code 298 Host-IP-Address 257 Origin-Host 264 Origin-Realm 296 Host-IP-Address 257 User-Name 1 Vendor-Id 266 Vendor-Specific-Application-Id 260 Supported-Vendor-Id 265
DiamIdent DiamIdent Grouped Unsigned32 Address DiamIdent DiamIdent Address UTF8String Unsigned32 Grouped Unsigned32
3.2.2 Phin giao dch

Lung bn tin:
53

Hnh 3-16: Diameter transaction
Giao tip gia 2 u cui diameter bt u bng bn tin capabilitiesExchange-Request (CER) t 1 peer ny sang 1 peer khc, bn tin ny c tr li bng 1 bn tin diameter Capabilities-Exchange-Answer (CEA). Mc ch ca 2 bn tin ny l 2 diameter peer bit c cc thng s ca nhau thun tin cho vic trao i thng tin 2 chiu. Sau khi nhn c CEA, 2 diameter peer c th giao tip vi nhau. Nu khng c bn tin no c chuyn qua li gia 2 peer th chng s gi cc bn tin Device-Watchdog-Request (DWR) v peer kia tr li bng 1 bn tin Device-Watchdog-Answer (DWA) 2 peer bit c s tn ti ca nhau.
54

1 trong 2 peer c th kt thc phin giao tip bi bn tin Disconnect-PeerRequest (DPR) v c tr li bng 1 bn tin Disconnect-Peer-Answer (DPA). Sau th tc ny 2 peers coi nh chm dt giao dch v s bt u li (nu cn) bng bn tin CER
3.2.3 Trin khai giao thc trong ti

Application server cung cp logic dch v s dng th vin JDiameter x l cc bn tin Diameter. Trong ti s dng 1 implementation ca giao thc Diameter (1 ng dng diameter) trn giao din Sh gia AS v HSS. Dch v IPTV Parental control s dng 3 thng tin ca user c trong c s d liu ca HSS: Thng tin v trng thi ngi dng (Registered, un-registered, notregistered, authentication pending) dng trong trng hp cn gi tin nhn cho reference user, phi xc nh c user c ang online hay khng. Thng tin v dch v m 1 user ng k bit c user c ng k dch v IPTv hay khng hoc ng k IPTv hay l Parental Control Thng tin thm chi tit v dch v , cc rng buc, yu cu ca dch v - v d nh khong thi gian 1 user c php xem 1 phn loi knh nht nh. Cc thng tin ny c AS download v t HSS thng qua giao din Sh bng cch gi bn tin User-Data-Request (UDR) v nhn v bn tin UserData-Answer (UDA)vi cc AVPs: User-Identity, Data-Refenrence, UserData, Vendor-Specific-Application-Id, Supported-Vendor-Id. c th thit lp logic dch v cho 1 user, AS s dng bn tin ProfileUpdate-Request (PUR) update repository data ca user trn HSS vd nh
55

i vi dch v Parental Control th l thng tin v reference user, v gii hn thi gian v loi knh c php truy cp. Bn tin th nht c cp n l bn tin UDR User Data Request: hay cn gi l Sh Pull, l bn tin do Application server gi n HSS truy vn thng tin ngi dng. Trong bn tin ny c cc AVP: o USER_IDENTITY code = 700 bao gm
o PUBLIC_IDENTITY code = 601 value = sip:user@ims.hut.vn o SERVER_NAME code = 602 value = sip:IPTV_SERVER_IP:PORT o DATA_REFERENCE code = 703 value = 13 IFC hoc value = 0 REPOSITORY_DATA hoc value = 11 IMS_USER_STATE o SERVICE_INDICATION code = 704 value = iptv nu data reference l repository data. Bn tin UDR u tin c gi truy vn iFC ca ngi dng, s ly c cc thng tin c bn ca ngi dng trong mng IMS. Bn tin UDR th 2 c gi truy vn Repository data ca ngi dng, y l d liu lu trn HSS cho tng dch v ring bit, l d liu ca my ch ng dng p dng cho tng ngi dng trong mng IMS. V d v 1 IFC ca ngi dng:
56

Hnh 3-17: IFC ca ngi dng ti v t HSS
V d v Repository data ca ngi dng:
57

Hnh 3-18: Repository data ca 1 ngi dng IPTV
Bn tin th 2 c cp n l bn tin PUR: Profile Update Request: hay cn gi l Sh push, l bn tin do Application server gi n HSS nhm cp nht thng tin ngi dng lu gi trong HSS. Trong ti s dng bn tin PUR cp nht Repository data ca dch v IPTV cho tng user. Trong bn tin ny c cc AVP: o USER_IDENTITY, PUBLIC_IDENTITY, DATA_REFERENCE nh trn
58

o USER_DATA code = 702.
3.3 Giao thc SIP

SIP l mt giao thc bo hiu thng c s dng thit lp, chnh sa, v kt thc mt phin gia hai im u cui. SIP c th c s dng thit lp mt cuc gi gia hai bn, mt cuc gi nhiu bn, hoc mt phin multicast cho cc cuc gi Internet, cc cuc gi a phng tin v phn phi a phng tin. Mt cch n gin m t SIP l xem xt mt m hnh s dng. Gi s mt ngi dng c nh danh l A mun thit lp cuc gi vi ngi dng c nh danh l B. Trong vin thng, ngi dng A v ngi dng B c th giao tip thng qua mt thit b c gi l tc nhn ngi dng (User Agent). Mt v d v User Agent l mt soft phone, mt chng trnh phn mm s dng thit lp cuc gi in thoi qua Internet. Mt v d khc l VoIP Phone, mt loi in thoi cho php s dng VoIP (Voice over IP). Di y l cc bc cn thit thit lp mt cuc gi: A mi B bt u cuc hi thoi. Nh mt phn ca li mi, A s ch ra loi media no s c h tr. B nhn li mi, gi p ng trung gian ti ngi dng A, v sau nh gi li mi. Khi B sn sng chp nhn li mi, n gi mt xc nhn li cho ngi dng A. Nh mt phn ca xc nhn, B cng ch ra loi media m n h tr. A kim tra xc nhn m n nhn c t B v quyt nh xem liu media h tr bi A v B c ging nhau khng. Nu A v B h tr cng mt loi media, cuc gi s c thit lp gia A v B.
59

Hnh 3-19 : Cc bc thit lp mt cuc gi SIP cung cp mt phng thc chun thc hin cc bc ny. N thc hin vic ny bng cch nh ngha ra cc phng thc yu cu (request), p ng (response), m p ng (response code) v cc trng iu khin c trng cho bo hiu v iu khin cuc gi. Giao thc ny c chun ha bi IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) theo RFC 3261 v hin nay n c chp nhn rng ri nh mt chun bo hiu cho 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) v nh l mt thnh phn khng th thiu trong kin trc IMS.
3.3.1 SIP lin h vi HTTP nh th no

Nh ni trn, SIP k tha cc c tnh quan trng ca HTTP. N chia s nhiu c im quan trng vi HTTP v cng chnh v vy nhiu ngi thng thc mc liu SIP c s dng HTTP nh mt giao thc nn? Cu tr li l khng. SIP l mt giao thc hot ng cng mt tng vi HTTP, iu c ngha l n hot ng tng ng dng v s dng cc giao thc TCP,
60

UDP, SCTP nh l cc giao thc nn ca lp di. Tuy nhin SIP c rt nhiu im ging vi HTTP. V d, tng t nh HTTP, SIP cng l mt giao thc da trn vn bn (text-based) v ngi dng c kh nng c c. Cng ging nh HTTP, SIP s dng c ch yu cu p ng (request response mechanism) vi cc phng thc c trng, m p ng v cc trng iu khin. Tuy nhin, mt im khc bit quan trng gia HTTP v SIP l c ch yu cu p ng trong SIP l khng ng b -- mt yu cu khng nht thit theo sau n l mt p ng tng ng. Thc t, yu cu SIP thng c th gy ra mt vi yu cu khc c to ra. SIP l mt giao thc ngang hng (peer-to-peer protocol). iu ny c ngha l ngi dng cui (User Agent) c th hot ng nh mt Server cng nh c th hot ng nh mt Client. y l mt im khc bit gia SIP v HTTP. Trong HTTP, my client th s lun lun l my client, my ch s lun lun l my ch. SIP h tr cc phng thc yu cu v m p ng sau: REGISTER: s dng bi client ng k a ch vi my ch ng dng. INVITE: ch ra rng ngi dng hay dch v ang c mi tham gia vo mt phin. Phn thn ca bn tin ny bao gm mt m t phin m ngi dng dch v ang c mi. ACK: xc nhn rng client nhn c p ng cui cng ca mt bn tin invite. Phng thc ny ch c s dng vi yu cu invite. CANCEL: s dng b qua mt yu cu ang ch x l. BYE: gi mt user client agent ch nh vi my ch l n mun kt thuc cuc gi. OPTIONS: s dng truy vn my ch v kh nng ca n.
61

M hi p: 1xx: thm d. Mt ACK ch nh mt hnh ng c nhn thnh cng, c hiu v c chp nhn. 3xx: chuyn hng. Yu cu thm cc hnh ng khc x l yu cu. 4xx: li client. Yu cu c cha c php sai v khng th hon thnh my ch. 5xx: li my ch. My ch tht bi trong vic hon thnh mt yu cu hp l. 6xx: li ton cc. Yu cu khng th hon thnh bt c my ch no. Giao thc m t phin (SDP) l mt nh dng cho vic m t nh dng media v loi media c dng trong mt phin. SIP s dng SDP nh l mt phn ti trong bn tin ca n thc hin chc nng trao i kh nng gia cc ngi dng. V d, ni dung ca SDP c th ch ra loi m ha h tr bi user agent v giao thc s dng trao i thi gian thc (RTP).
3.3.2 Bn tin SIP

Cu trc ca bn tin SIP:
62

Hnh 3-20 : Cu trc bn tin SIP Hnh trn ch ra cu trc thnh phn ca mt bn tin SIP. C 3 thnh phn quan trng: Dng yu cu: ch ra phng thc yu cu, a ch v phin bn SIP. Trng iu khin: ch ra d liu v phin hay cuc gi c thit lp hay kt thc. Phn thn bn tin: cung cp payload, SDP m t media ca phin.
3.3.3 Phin giao dch (Transaction)

Mc d ni cc bn tin SIP c gi i mt cch c lp qua mng nhng thc t chng thng c sp xp vo cc transaction (giao dch) bi cc user agent v mt s kiu proxy server no . Do c th ni giao thc SIP l mt giao thc h tr transaction.
63

Mt transaction l mt lung cc bn tin SIP c truyn i mt cch tun t gia cc phn t mng. Mt transaction l mt lung bn tin SIP c truyn i mt cch tun t gia cc phn t mng. Mt transaction cha thng tin yu cu v tt c cc thng tin phn hi cho thng tin yu cu hoc thm ch nhiu hn cc thng tin phn hi cui (final response). Nu mt transaction c khi to bi bn tin yu cu INVITE th transaction cng bao gm c bn tin ACK nu nh phn hi cui khng phi l kiu 2xx. Nu nh phn hi cui l kiu 2xx th bn tin ACK s khng c xem l mt thnh phn trong transaction. Nu nh vy chng ta c th thy rng y c s c s khng c cng bng ACK c coi l mt thnh phn trong transaction vi mt li t chi phn hi cui, trong khi n li khng phi l mt thnh phn transaction khi c chp nhn phn hi cui. L do cho s phn bit ny l s quan trng ca tt c cc bn tin 200 OK. Khng nhng n thit lp mt phin m bn tin 200 OK cn c sinh ra bi cc thc th khi mt proxy server chuyn hng yu cu v tt c cc proxy server phi chuyn bn tin 200 OK v n user agent. Do , trong trng hp ny user agent phi lnh trch nhim v truyn li bn tin 200 OK cho n khi chng nhn c bn tin ACK. Mt lu khc na l ch c bn tin INVITE l c truyn li. Cc thc th SIP c khi nim v transaction c gi l stateful. Cc thc th ny to mt trng thi kt ni vi mt transaction c lu trong b nh trong sut khong thi gian din ra transaction. Khi c thng tin yu cu hay phn hi n, mt thc th stateful s c gng kt ni yu cu (hoc phn hi) ti mt transaction tn ti sn. c kh nng lm c iu , n phi ly thng tin xc nh tnh duy nht ca transaction (gi l identifier) trong bn tin v so snh vi tt c cc identifier trong transaction m n lu tr. Nu nh mt transaction tn ti th trng thi ca n s c cp nht t bn tin .
64

Hnh 3-21 : Transaction
3.3.4 Hi thoi (dialog)

trn chng ta bit n transaction, l mt transaction bao gm bn tin INVITE v cc bn tin phi hi, mt transaction khc bao gm bn tin BYE v thng tin phn hi (200 OK) khi mt phin lm vic kt thc. Nhng chng ta c th thy rng c hai transaction ny c lin quan n nhau v cng thuc mt hi thoi (dialog). Mt dialog c trng cho mi quan h SIP ngang hng gia hai user agent. Mt dialog tn ti trong mt khong thi gian v n l mt khi nim rt quan trng i vi cc user agent. Dialog thch hp d dng vi vic sp xp tun t v nh tuyn cho cc bn tin SIP gia cc thit b cui. Dialog c xc nh bng call-id, th from v th to. Cc bn tin m c cng 3 identifier trn th thuc v cng mt dialog. Trng iu khin Cseq c dng sp xp th t cc bn tin trong cng mt dialog. Ch s Cseq phi c tng tun t tng n v cho mi bn tin trong mt dialog, nu
65

khng cc user agent s x l n nh l cc yu cu khng c sp xp hoc l s gi li bn tin . Trong thc t, s Cseq xc nh mt transaction bn trong mt dialog bi chng ta ni trn l cc yu cu v cc thng tin c phn hi ca n c gi l mt transaction. iu c ngha l ch c duy nht mt transaction hot ng ti mt thi im trong dialog. Do cng c th gi dialog l mt tp tun t ca cc transaction. Hnh v di y minh ha cc bn tin truyn i bn trong mt dialog.
Hnh 3-22 : Lung cuc gi trong mt hi thoi SIP Mt vi bn tin dng thit lp ra mt dialog. N cho php biu din r rng, chi tit mi quan h gia cc bn tin v cn dng gi bn tin m khng lin quan n cc bn tin khc n cc bn tin nm ngoi mt dialog. iu c thc hin mt cch d dng bi user agent khng lu trng thi ca dialog.
66

Ly v d, bn tin INVITE thit lp mt dialog, bi sau s c bn tin yu cu BYE dng kt thc dialog to ra bi bn tin INVITE trn. Bn tin BYE ny c gi bn trong dialog c thit lp bi bn tin INVITE. Nhng nu user agent gi mt bn tin yu cu message, l mt yu cu khng thit lp bt c dialog no. Khi bt c cc bn tin theo sau bn tin (k c bn tin message) cng c gi i mt cch c lp vi bn tin trc .
3.3.5 Trng iu khin Record-Route, Route v Contact

Hnh 3-9 m t lung bn tin ni proxy ti domain.com gi nguyn ng dn cho tt c cc yu cu gi ti bn trong dialog. Cc yu cu proxy gi nguyn ng dn bng cch thm mt trng iu khin Record-Route vo yu cu INVITE (2). Tham s lr xut hin phn cui ca URI ch ra rng proxy ny l ph hp vi RFC 3261 (cc proxy c hn c s dng vi mt c ch nh tuyn khc). Alice nhn c trng iu khin Record-Route cng vi URI ca proxy trong bn tin yu cu INVITE (2), v Bob nhn c n trong bn tin hi p 200 OK (4). T thi im ny, c Bob v Alice s chn trng iu khin Route vo trong cc bn tin yu cu ca h, ch ra rng proxy ti domain.com cn c i qua. Bn tin hi p ACK (5) v (6) l mt v d v mt yu cu vi trng iu khin Route c gi t Bob ti Alice. Bn tin BYE (7) v (8) cho thy cc yu cu trong cc hng ngc nhau (v d t Alice ti Bob) s dng cng c ch Route.
67

Hnh 3-23 : Cch s dng Record-Route, Route v Contact
68

4 CHNG IV : MY CH NG DNG
My ch ng dng (Application Server) l mt dng c (engine) phn mm thc hin cc ng dng cho cc my tnh hoc cc thit b client thng qua Internet v s dng HTTP. My ch trong IMS bn cnh nhng c im chung nh vy cn c nhng c im ring. Trong chng ny, chng ta s i vo tm hiu k hn v khi nim, vai tr, cc ch hot ng cng nh tng tc ca my ch ng dng IMS vi cc thnh phn khc trong h thng.
4.1 Tng quan v my ch ng dng

Trong mt mng, lun c nhiu hn mt my ch ng dng. in hnh, c mt vi my ch chuyn m mi loi chuyn cung cp mt dch v ring bit. Mt vi my ch ng dng s trin khai mt vi cng ngh, nh cng ngh Java, SIP serlvets, hoc SIP CGI (Common Gateway Interface). Tt c cc loi my ch ng dng ny c miu t bng cch trin khai mt giao din SIP kt ni ti S-CSCF. Giao din c nh ngha gia S-CSCF v my ch c bit n l giao din iu khin dch v IMS (ISC IMS Service Control). My ch c th c t ti mng nh hoc t ti mng ca nh cung cp dch v th ba. Nhng S-CSCF c nhim v phi quyt nh c kt ni vi mt my ch ng dng no trong ci t phin hay khng. Mt im na, bt k mt my ch ng dng no c th trin khai trn cc giao thc khc nhau nh HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol, m t RFC 2616 [101]) hay WAP (Wireless Application Protocol [233]), mc d la chn ny khng c m t trong cc tiu chun ca IMS.
4.2 Chc nng ca my ch ng dng trong m hnh IMS

Cn lun nh rng, my ch ng dng khng phi l cc thc th IMS thun ty, m hn th n hot ng lp trn cng trong kin trc phn tng IMS.
69

Hnh 4-24 : Hng tip cn dch v trong kin trc IMS Tuy nhin, my ch ng dng c m t y nh l mt phn chc nng ca IMS v my ch ng dng l cc thc th cung cp cc dch v a phng tin trong kin trc IMS, nh Presence v Push to talk trong mng t bo. Chc nng ca my ch ng dng l: Kh nng x l v tc ng n cc phin SIP nhn c t IMS. Kh nng khi to cc yu cu SIP. Kh nng gi cc thng tin thanh ton thc hin cc chc nng tnh cc. Gi tr chnh ca IMS trong lnh vc dch v l s kt hp tim nng ca cc dch v trn Internet vi cc dch v truyn thng truyn thng v dch v Multimedia mi. IMS cho php cung cp s truy nhp mi ni vo tt c cc dch v ny nhng c s cung cp cc gi tr mi tng ng, nh bo mt v cht lng dch v (QoS) trn cc my ch ng dng. Cc my ch ng dng ny c th c a vo kin trc IMS bng cch nh ngha cc giao din tnh cc, qun l v iu khin chuyn dng. Mt my ch ng dng c th
70

l phc v cho mt dch v v mt ngi dng, cng c th c nhiu hn mt dch v, v nh vy rt c th s c mt hay mt vi my ch ng dng cung cp cho mt thu bao. Thm vo , cng c th c mt hay mt vi my ch ng dng lin quan ti mt phin. V d nh, mt nh cung cp c th c mt my ch ng dng iu khin vic kt thc lu lng ti cc ngi dng da trn s thch ca ngi dng (v d nh chuyn hng tt c cc phin multimedia ti my tr li t ng trong khong t 5 p.m n 7 a.m) v mt my ch ng dng khc lm thch nghi ni dung ca tin nhn ty theo nng lc ca thit b ngi dng (kch thc mn hnh, phn gii). SIP AS (SIP Application Server) l phn lin quan n dch v trong IMS. Cc giao din lp trnh ng dng API (Application Programming Interface) c nh ngha cho php cc nh pht trin s dng hu ht cc m hnh lp trnh. SIP AS c kch hot bi S-CSCF, S-CSCF s nh hng cc phin c th n SIP AS da trn cc thng tin lc khi to thu c t HSS. Sau da trn cc nguyn tc la chn ca mnh, SIP AS s quyt nh cc ng dng no s c trin khai trn my ch ng dng tng ng, cc my ch ng dng ny c SIP AS la chn iu khin phin. Trong sut qu trnh thc thi dch v logic, SIP AS cng c th giao tip vi HSS truy nhp cc thng itn b xung lin quan n thu bao.
4.3 Cc ch hot ng ca my ch ng dng

A T gc ca SIP th mt my ch ng dng c th ng vai tr nh l originating(terminating) UA, Sip Proxy AS, Sip Redirect AS hoc Sip B2BUA (back-to-back user agent). Mt my ch ng dng c th hot ng vi nhiu vai tr khc nhau ph thuc vo dch v cung cp cho ngi dng.
4.3.1 AS hot ng nh SIP User Agent

Thit b u cui gi mt bn Request INVITE ti Originating P-CSCF v originating S-CSCF. S-CSCF quyt nh chuyn tip bn tin ti mt AS. AS
71

ny hot ng nh mt SIP User Agent (SIP UA) v tr li bng bn tin 200 OK c gi qua S-CSCF v P-CSCF ti thit b u cui. Mt v d ca dch v m s dng m hnh ny l dch v m trong AS c yu cu x l cc bn tin SIP thay cho mt ngi dng. M hnh ny c s dng trong dch v Presence.
1.INVITE 6. 200 OK P-CSCF
2.INVITE 5. 200 OK S-CSCF
Hnh 4-25 : AS hot ng nh mt SIP UA V d ca dch v s dng m hnh ny l bt k dch v no yu cu my ch iu khin yu cu SIP thay cho ngi dng. M hnh ny c s dng trong dch v kim tra trng thi ngi dng (khi mt watcher ng k thng tin trng thi ngi dng ca presentity, hoc ngi s dng).
4.3.2 AS hot ng nh back-to-back user agent

Mt Back-to-Back User Agent (B2BUA) ch n gin l hai SIP UA kt ni vi nhau. Hnh 4-3 ch ra cu trc logic ca mt B2BUA.
3.INVITE
IMS Home Network
AS 4. 200 OK
72

Service-specific logic
Request A Response B
SIP User Agent
SIP User Agent
Request B Response B
Hnh 4-26 : Kin trc logic ca SIP B2BUA
Hnh 4-27 : AS ng dng ng vai tr SIP B2BUA Mt yu cu A c nhn ti mt bn ca UA, s i qua phn logic dch v c trng. Logic dch v c trng chu trch nhim to ra p ng A v to ra mt yu cu B mi. Logic dch v c trng c th thay i cc trng m Sip Proxy AS khng th thay i nh to, from, call-id,...thm ch thay i c method. Mt v d ca cu hnh ny l AS ng vai tr l prepaid AS. Trong mt phin ang din ra nu ti khon ca ngi gi khng cn th n s gi yu cu BYE n cc thnh vin tham gia phin gii phng phin.
4.3.3 AS ng vai tr nh l SIP Proxy Server

Trong cu hnh ny AS ng vai tr l Sip Proxy AS cung cp dch v. Cu hnh c ch ra nh trong hnh 4-5 cung cp dch v cho ngi gi.
73

Thit b u cui gi mt bn tin yu cu INVITE ti P-CSCF v S-CSCF. S-CSCF nhn thy dch v c lin quan n AS v chuyn tip bn tin ti AS . AS c th thay i mt s trng header trong bn tin. V d nh AS ang cung cp dch v quay s nhanh.
Hnh 4-28 : AS ng vai tr SIP Proxy AS
4.3.4 AS ng vai tr nh l SIP Redirect Server
Hnh 4-29 : AS ng vai tr SIP Redirect Server

74

Theo hnh 4-6 mt I-CSCF trong mng ch nhn bn tin INVITE (1). ICSCF chuyn tip n ti S-CSCF (2). S-CSCF lin quan n mt AS v s chuyn tip bn tin INVITE yu cu ny ti n (3). AS hot ng nh mt Sip Redirect AS to ra mt bn tin 302 (tm thi chuyn moved temporarily) p ng li (4). p ng ny cha trng Contact bao gm URI mi lin lc. p ng ny c chuyn tip li cho ngun, (5) & (6). Khi ngun ca phin nhn c bn tin p ng 302, n s to ra mt yu cu INVITE mi m Request URI ca n l gi tr trng Contact nhn c trong bn tin 302. Bn tin INVITE mi ny c th khng n trong cng mt min IMS. Mt v d tiu biu v kh nng ng dng nh Sip Redirect server l provision ca dch v chuyn tip cuc gi.
4.4 Giao din AS vi cc thnh phn khc trong mng

4.4.1 Giao din vi IMS Core ISC
Giao din iu khin dch v IMS (IMS Service Control ISC) l giao din ng vai tr cu ni gia mng li v cc my ch ng dng (c th l gia S-CSCF vi my ch ng dng). Giao din gia S-CSCF v my ch ng dng c s dng cung cp dch v gi tr gia tng trong my ch ng dng cho thu bao. C hai trng hp c a ra y: S-CSCF tng tc vi my ch ng dng trong mng ch. S-CSCF tng tc vi my ch ng dng trong mng nh cung cp th ba hay mng khch. Giao din ISC cn h tr ng k thng bo s kin gia S-CSCF v my ch ng dng cho php my ch ng dng nhn c cc thng tin v cc nh danh cng cng thu bao, trng thi ng k v kh nng thuc tnh ca UE. Cc th tc ca giao din ISC c th chia lm hai phn:
75

Cho cc phin mi khi to bn tin SIP, S-CSCF phn tch chng da trn tiu ch lc khi to (Initial Filter Criteria) t h s ngi dng (user profile) l mt phn ca c s d liu thu bao HSS v nh tuyn chng ti my ch ng dng cho qu trnh x l tip theo. Khi my ch ng dng c th ng vai tr UA ch, SIP Proxy hay SIP Redirect Server. My ch ng dng SIP cng c th khi to bn tin SIP ca chnh n v hot ng ging mt User Agent Client hay B2BUA. V d nh trong trng hp dch v Click-to-dial th my ch ng dng ng vai tr B2BUA lm trung gian giao tip gia bn gi v bn b gi. Giao din ISC cn gip cho cc loi my ch ng dng khc nhau (SIP AS, OSA-SCS, IM-SSF) u hot ng nh mt SIP AS tng tc vi S-CSCF.
4.4.2 Giao din vi HSS Sh

Giao din Sh nh ngha gia SIP AS hay OSA-SCS vi HSS. N cung cp mt d liu d tr v cc loi chc nng phc hi nh l my ch ng dng ti d liu v t HSS hay my ch ng dng ti d liu ln HSS. Nhng d liu ny c th phc v thc thi cc Script hay cc tham s cu hnh m ngi dng v mt dch v c th c th s dng c. Giao din Sh cung cp dch v ng k v thng bo, my ch ng dng c th ng k nhn thng bo khi c s thay i v d liu cha trong HSS. Khi nhng d liu ny thay i th HSS s thng bo ti my ch ng dng. Vic thc hin giao din Sh l ty chn ca my ch ng dng v ph thuc vo bn cht ca dch v m my ch ng dng cung cp: mt vi dch v yu cu tng tc vi HSS trong khi mt s dch v khc th khng. Mi my ch ng dng c th ty chn giao tip vi HSS s dng giao thc Diameter thng qua giao din Sh. Giao thc Diameter c s thc hin chc nng nhn thc, cp quyn v tnh cc trong IMS v trong mng th h sau.
76

N cung cp kh nng thng lng gia cc thc th trong mng lin quan ti truyn thng, cnh bo li, truyn nhn AVP v mt kh nng m rng cho php bn c th thm nhng lnh c th v AVP mi. My ch ng dng, trong trng hp ny l Web Logic. My ch ng dng SIP c th s dng lnh UDR (User Data Request) yu cu d liu. HSS s tr li v bng bn tin UDA (User Data Answer) c cha d liu c yu cu v m kt qu. M ny ch ra l bn tin c thnh cng hay khng. V d mt thao tc thnh cng s c tr v vi m 2001 diameter_success. Di y l danh sch cc u cui c th lin quan trong trao i thng tin diameter (WLSS thng thc hin tt c cc chc nng tr chc nng Diameter). Diameter agent: mt nt diameter cung cp hoc l cc dch v chuyn tip, ti nh hng hay chuyn i. Diameter client: l mt thit b sn ca mng thc hin cc chc nng truy nhp. Nt diameter: l mt my ch tin trnh thc thi giao thc diameter, v hot ng ging nh client hoc server. Diameter peer: mt nt diameter m n n mt nt diameter c th kt ni v vn chuyn trc tip. Relay agent: mt thc th thc hin chc nng chuyn tip yu cu v p ng m khng cn sa i bn tin. Giao din ny cho php mt my ch ng dng giao tip vi HSS ly cc d liu cn thit cp pht cc dch v logic. Cc loi d liu ny l duy nht i vi mt ngi dng. Thng l mt h s ngi dng cha mt ti mt vi h s dch v, mi h s dch v ny nh ngha dch v s c thc hin nh th no.
77

D liu ngi dng trn giao din Sh: User Data l mt khi nim cp n cc loi d liu khc nhau, c th l bt c thng tin no trong s: Respository data: my ch ng dng s dng HSS cha cc d liu trong sut. Cc d liu ny ch c hiu bi cc my ch ng dng c trin khai dch v . D liu ny khc nhau ty tng ngi dng v ty tng dch v. Public Identifiers: tp trung nh danh ca ngi dng. IMS User State: cha cc thng tin v trng thi ngi dng IMS ca mt nh danh cng cng ca ngi dng: REGISTERED, NOT_REGISTERED, AUTHENTICATION, PENDING v REGISTERED_UNREG_SERVICES. S-CSCF name: cha tn v a ch ca S-CSCF phc v ngi dng. Initial filter criteria: cha cc thng tin kch hot cho mt dch v. Mt my ch ng dng c th ch cn ly cc tiu ch lc khi to nh tuyn bn tin SIP ti my ch ng dng yu cu. Location information: cha v tr ca ngi dng trong mng chuyn mch gi hay mng chuyn mch knh. User state: cha trng thi ca ngi dng trong mng chuyn mch gi hay mng chuyn mch knh. Charging information: cha a ch cc chc nng tnh cc.
78

Hnh 4-30 : Sh data uml diagram Vic thc thi giao din Sh trong mt my ch ng dng c th hot ng hai ch : data handling v subscription/notification. Data handling (Pull/Update) : Data Handling thng c cha trong Sh Pull ( ly d liu t HSS) v Sh Update cha d liu vo trong HSS. Khi ta truy nhp d liu t HSS, ta ang to ra mt yu cu Sh Pull Request, v khi ta cha d liu vo trong HSS th ta ang thc hin mt yu cu Sh Update. Subscription/notification : ch ny chi php WLSS ly cc thng tin thng bo khi mt d liu c th ca mt ngi dng c th c HSS cp nht bi mt vi thc th mng khc. Trong trng hp c
79

th ca dch v ny, giao din Sh hu nh ch hot ng mc iu khin d liu (data handling). Di y l cc thnh phn thng tin c lin quan trong th tc Sh Pull ( ly d liu ngi dng t HSS). Tn thnh phn thng tin User identity nh x ti AVP User-identity M t nh danh ngi dng ca d liu c yu cu Requested-data Data-reference Ch ra danh sch cc thng tin yu cu Requested-domain Requesteddomain Current-location Current-location Ch ra min m thao tc ny c hiu lc Ch ra v tr truy nhp c khi to hay cha Service-indication Service-indication S dng cng vi User
Identity v Data Reference a ra mt tp hp cc dch v lin quan ti d liu ang c yu cu Application-my ch ng Origin-host dng-identity Ch ra nh danh ca my ch ng dng, s dng cho HSS kim tra li trong danh sch cho php ca n (AS permision list) Application-name My ch ng S dng cng vi User
dng-name
Identity v Data Reference nh l kha xc nh tiu ch lc khi to

80

4.5 Qu trnh cung cp dch v

4.5.1 Gii thiu
Qu trnh cung cp dch v ca kin trc IMS bao gm ba bc c bn: nh ngha cc dch v hoc tp dch v c th. To ra cc d liu dch v ca ngi dng di dng tiu chun lc khi to ngi dng c th sp xp hay thay i cc ng k. Chuyn tip cc yu cu khi to n my ch ng dng.
4.5.2 S hnh thnh tiu chun lc khi to

Trong trng hp thu bao ng k s dng IMS, bn tin ng k ca h c th c cc ni dung lin quan n dch v gia tng cng nh trng hp nh cung cp mun c my ch ng dng trong kin trc IMS ca mnh, th h cn to ra cc d liu v dch v ca thu bao. C th hn l d liu tiu chun lc khi to c cp n mc 2.6. Khi xy dng tiu chun lc khi to nh cung cp cn phi tr li cc cu hi: im kch hot l g? My ch ng dng c chn khi gp im kch hot l? Th t u tin ca cc tiu chun lc khi to? Phi x l nh th no nu my ch ng dng khng tr li? im kch hot l lc my ch ng dng c gi. im kch hot c th cha nhiu cc thc th service point trigger. Service point trigger (SPT) bao gm cc thnh phn nh sau:
81

Service Point Trigger ConditionNegated: boolean Group: list of integer RegistrationType: list of enumerated
Request-URI
SIP Method
SIP Header
Session Case
Session Description
RequestURI: string
Method: string
Header: string Content: string
SessionCase: enumerated
Line: string Content: string
Hnh 4-31 : Thnh phn ca Service Point Trigger Nh trn hnh 4-8, cc thnh phn SPT c chc nng c th nh sau:
Request-URI: xc nh ti nguyn m yu cu c hng n (v d: new@ims.hut.edu.vn). Request-URI cha thuc tnh RequestURI ca bn tin SIP cn xc nhn.
SIP Method: dng kim tra phng thc yu cu no ca bn tin SIP (c th l REGISTER, INVITE, PUBLISH, SUBSCRIBE, MESSAGE,). SIP Header: cha thng tin lin quan n yu cu. SPT c th da trn s c mt hay vng mt ca mt SIP Header no vi gi tr Header l tn ca Header cn xt v gi tr Content l ni dung ca header . Gi tr ca Content c s dng nh mt mu kim tra. Session Case: dng xc nh chiu ca bn tin l khi to (originating) hay kt thc (terminating) trong trng hp ngi dng c ng k (registered) hoc cha ng k (unregistered). Ni cch khc, trng ny c s dng bi S-CSCF x l dch v cho pha
82

ngun, dch v cho pha ch hay dch v cho pha ch cha ng k. Trng hp ngun l khi S-CSCF phc v cho pha khi to phin (ngi gi), trng hp ch l khi S-CSCF phc v cho pha cui ca phin (ngi b gi). Session Description: xc nh SPT cho ni dung ca trng SDP trong phn thn (body) ca phng thc SIP. Mu kim tra c th s dng y. V mt d liu th cu trc ca tiu chun lc khi to c m ha da trn xml. Di y l mt v d tiu chun lc khi to cho dch v hp th thoi ti my ch ng dng (sip:vmail@ims.example.com) dnh cho thu bao cha ng k. lm c iu ny th nh cung cp phi lm cho SIP Method c gi tr l INVITE v Session Case c gi tr l terminating unregistered. Nu nh khng kt ni n c my ch ng dng th x l mc nh l dng phin li.
83

Hnh 4-32 : V d v User Profile
4.5.3 La chn my ch ng dng

Tiu chun lc khi to c ti v S-CSCF trong qu trnh ng k ca thu bao hoc khi nhn c yu cu khi to ch cho thu bao cha ng k. Sau khi ti h s thu bao t HSS, S-CSCF s quyt nh tiu chun lc cho tng yu cu khi to theo cc bc sau:
84

Kim tra xem dnh danh ngi dng cng cng c b chn hay khng? Nu khng th tip tc. Kim tra xem yu cu l yu cu ch (terminating) hay yu cu ngun (originating). Chn tiu chun lc khi to cho cc trng hp phin c th (ngun, ch, ch cho ngi dng cha ng k). Kim tra xem yu cu c khp vi tiu chun lc khi to c u tin cao nht bng cch so snh h s dch v vi nh danh ngi dng cng cng trong yu cu: o Nu yu cu khp vi tiu chun lc khi to, S-CSCF s chuyn tip yu cu ny n my ch ng dng, sau kim tra xem n c khp vi tiu chun lc khi to c u tin thp hn hay khng? Nu c p dng vo SIP Method nhn c t lin lc trc n my ch ng dng. o Nu yu cu khng khp vi tiu chun lc khi to c u tin cao nht th tip tc kim tra cho n khi n khp. o Nu khng cn (hoc khng c) tiu chun lc khi to no khp, th S-CSCF s chuyn yu cu theo cc quyt nh nh tuyn. y tn ti s khc bit r rng gia cch x l ca S-CSCF vi tiu chun lc khi to cho yu cu ngun v ch. Khi S-CSCF nhn ra rng my ch ng dng thay i Request-URI trong trng hp tiu chun lc khi to ch, n s dng kim tra v nh tuyn yu cu theo gi tr ca RequestURI. Trong trng hp ngun, S-CSCF s tip tc nh gi cc tiu chun lc khi to cho n khi ht.
85

Nu my ch ng dng c lin lc khng phn hi, S-CSCF s gi hnh ng mc nh c nu ra trong tiu chun lc khi to: hoc l dng phin hoc l cho tip tc da trn cc thng tin c cung cp tiu chun lc khi to. Nu trong tiu chun lc khi to khng cp n hnh ng mc nh, nu khng lin lc c vi my ch ng dng th S-CSCF s cho cuc gi tip tc.
4.5.4 Hnh vi ca my ch ng dng

Sau khi nhn c yu cu, my ch ng dng s bt u khi to cc dch v c th. p ng dch v my ch ng dng c th hot ng nh mt trong cc dch v sau: Terminating User Agent. Redirect Server. SIP Proxy Server. Back-to-back User Agent Ngoi cc ch trn, my ch ng dng cn c th hot ng nh mt Originating User Agent, n c th gi yu cu n thu bao: v d nh my ch ng dng tin tc c th gi tr kt qu bong cho thu bao ng k dch v.
4.5.5 My ch ng dng tng tc vi HSS

Khi nhn c mt yu cu t pha ngi s dng, my ch ng dng s dng giao din Sh bng giao thc diameter truy vn c s d liu HSS cc thng tin cn thit thc hin dch v: Khi nhn c yu cu s dng dch v t pha ngi dng cui thng qua giao din Web, my ch ng dng s dng giao thc Sh ti v h s ngi dng. Sau , my ch ng dng s tin hnh kim
86

tra tiu chun lc khi to trong h s ngi dng: nu ngi dng cha ng k s dng dch v th my ch s gi tr li thng bo cho ngi dng, ngc li nu ngi dng ng k th my ch ng dng s x l thng tin trong yu cu do ngi dng u cui gi ln thc hin dch v. Thng tin v S-CSCF lin quan ti ngi gi v ngi b gi, my ch ng dng c th chuyn tip bn tin v thc hin dch v. Chi tit v giao din Sh xem ti mc 4.4.2.
4.5.6 My ch ng dng gi yu cu v S-CSCF

Trong ng dng ny, my ch ng vai tr nh mt B2BUA, v vy khi nhn c bn tin HTTP POST t pha ngi dng u cui, n kim tra trong tiu chun lc. Nu tha mn cc iu kin, my ch s thc hin dch v bng cch to ra mt bn tin INVITE da vo cc thng tin S-CSCF phc v ngi dng ti c v thng qua giao din Sh, n s chuyn tip bn tin INVITE khi to n S-CSCF ca ngi gi khi to dch v.
87

5 CHNG V : DCH V IPTV TRN NN IMS

IPTV c nh ngha l cc dch v a phng tin nh truyn hnh, video, audio, hnh nh c cung cp trn nn tng l mng IP nhm cung cp cc mc cn thit v cht lng dch v, cht lng tri nghim, kh nng bo mt, tnh tng tc v tnh n nh. Trn nn tng IMS, yu t di ng v truy nhp khng dy tr nn kh thi, cng to iu kin cho IPTV pht trin thnh mt trong nhng dng dch v QuadPlay. Ngoi cc dch v truyn hnh qung b thng thng, Video theo yu cu (Video on Demand VoD), IPTV cn h tr s tng tc gia ngi xem vi chng trnh v y cng chnh im c bit v hp dn nht ca IPTV. Khng n thun l truyn hnh nh truyn hnh cp truyn thng, IPTV l mt tng th chui cc dch v truyn hnh c tnh tng tc. Ngoi vic t do la chn chng trnh truyn hnh hay phim mun xem, ngi s dng c th tham gia cc cuc hi tho t xa, chi game, mua hng qua TV hoc vit blog video (vlog), nhn tin qua TV...
5.1 Gii thiu dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

IPTV trn nn IMS cho php ngi dng truy cp v xem cc knh truyn hnh hoc cc knh pht theo yu cu bng cch thit lp 1 cuc gi n 1 a ch dng email (sip uri) 1 cch d dng v tin li nh cch ngi ta vn gi in thoi cho bn b. Khc vi dch v IPTV truyn thng, IPTV trn nn IMS cho php ngi dng truy cp dch v t bt k u, nh cng nh ang i xe bus. Tt c nhng g cn ch l gi in thoi ti 1 a ch URI hoc ti 1 s in thoi c nh
88

sn, sau lung media trc tip c truyn v my ngi s dng m khng cn phi ci t thm bt c ci g khc. Ngoi ra IPTV trn nn IMS cn m ra cho nh cung cp dch v cch thc tt nht v nhanh nht pht trin dch v ca mnh. Da vo nn tng rt mnh trong thit k dch v ca IMS, nh cung cp c th thm vo dch v ca mnh rt nhiu gi tr gia tng lm tng s thoi mi ca khch hang. Trong ti ny, dch v IPTV c tch hp kh nng qun l quyn truy cp, l chc nng rt cn thit i vi nhng bc ph huynh khng c thi gian qun l con em mnh. i vi nhng ngi dng ng k chc nng Parental Control qun l quyn truy cp i vi tr em, h thng t ng lc nhng ni dung c yu cu. Trc ht h thng s loi b tt c nhng knh khng ph hp vi la tui khi c yu cu danh sch knh hin c. Sau i vi nhng knh thuc din qun l ca cha m hoc nhng knh cm truy cp theo gi (vd nh cc knh phim hnh ng m trong thi gian cha m vng nh hoc cc knh gii tr trong thi gian lm bi tp hoc tt c cc knh khi n gi i ng) h thng s nhn tin n cha m hoc ngi ln tui c lin quan hi quyn truy cp ca ngi dng ny. Nu tin nhn tr li ca cha m l tin nhn ng , h thng s phc v nh thng, cn nu ngc li, 1 tin nhn thng bo s c gi v ngi dng ni rng bn khng c ngi ln cho php.
89

5.2 Cc lung x l cuc gi trong IPTV nn IMS

5.2.1 ng k vo mng IMS
5.2.1.1 Thit b u cui ngi dng thc hin ng k ti S-CSCF
UE
P-CSCF
I-CSCF
HSS
S-CSCF
F1. REGISTER F2. REGISTER Chn S-CSCF F3. REGISTER Chng thc d liu F4. 401 ( Unauthorized ) F5. 401 ( Unauthorized ) F6. 401 ( Unauthorized )
Ipsec sercurity
F7. REGISTER F8. REGISTER F9. REGISTER
Hnh 5-33:Qu trnh ng k ca user vo mng IMS (tip)
Cc th tc ng k IMS: UE xc nh a ch ca P-CSCF, P-CSCF s dng nh mt proxy bin SIP trong sut qu trnh ng k v cho tt c cc bo hiu SIP khc trong khi n c ng k. UE gi bn tin REGISTER ti mng ch ca alice thc hin ng k SIP cho nhn dng ngi dng cng cng ca alice. I-CSCF la chn S-CSCF phc v ngi dng khi n ng k.
90

S-CSCF ti cc d liu xc thc ngi dng t HSS. UE v mng S-CSCF xc thc mi d liu . Cc chc nng bo mt IP (IP sec) gia UE v P-CSCF c thit lp. UE hc ng n S-CSCF. S-CSCF hc ng n UE.
UE
P-CSCF
I-CSCF
HSS
Ti v h s ngi dng F10. 200 OK
S-CSCF
F11. 200 OK F12. 200 OK F13. SUBSCRIBE F14. SUBSCRIBE F15. 200 OK F16. 200 OK F17. NOTIFY F18. NOTIFY F19. 200 OK F20. 200 OK F21. SUBSCRIBE F22. SUBSCRIBE F23. 200 OK F24. 200 OK F25. NOTIFY F26. 200 OK
Hnh 5-34: Qu trnh ng k ca user vo mng IMS (tip)
Qu trnh ng k tip tc vi cc th tc:

91

S-CSCF ti v h s ngi dng t HSS. S-CSCF ng k nhn dng ngi dng cng cng mc nh ca ngi dng. S-CSCF c th da trn h s ngi dng ng k nhn dng ngi dng cng cng khc. UE bit v tt cc nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c gn cho alice v trng thi ng k hin ti ca anh ta. P-CSCF bit tt c cc nhn dang cng cng c gn cho alice v trng thi ng k hin ti ca anh ta.
S-CSCF
Application Server
REGISTER
200 OK
nh gi cc tiu chun lc
REGISTER
200 OK
Hnh 5-35: Qu trnh ng k ca user vo mng IMS (tip)
Sau khi ngi dng ng k thnh cng, S-CSCF s kim tra cc tiu ch lc ti v ca ngi dng.
92

5.2.2 Call flows ca cc chc nng chnh trong dch v IPTV

5.2.2.1 Chc nng Danh sch chng trnh nng cao
Danh sch chng trnh l thnh phn khng th thiu i vi dch v truyn hnh. Danh sch chng trnh cho ngi xem bit hin ti c tng cng bao nhiu knh ang c chiu, c nhng ni dung no ng quan tm. Chc nng danh sch chng trnh nng cao ca dch v IPTV nn IMS cho php lc danh sch knh ph hp vi la tui. Trong danh sch chng trnh ca nhng ngi s dng l tr nh s khng c cc knh dnh cho ngi ln v danh sch knh ca nhng ngi dng thng thng s khng ging vi ca nhng ngi dng cao cp (tr thm tin, quan chc, lnh o v.v)
93

Hnh 5-36: Ngi dng thng thng
UE gi bn tin SUBSCRIBE ti cc CSCF vi event = iptv, cc CSCF s chuyn tip bn tin SUBSCRIBE ny ln Application Server. AS s kim tra HSS xem UE c c quyn xem IPTV hay khng, v nu c th user c ng k dch v parental control hay ko. Nu user ng k vi nh cung cp dch v IPTV v khng dng gi parental control th AS s tr v bn tin 200 OK, trong phn content ca 200 OK cha file xml c thng tin v cc knh. Bn tin 200 OK c cc CSCF chuyn tip ti UE.
94

Ti UE, IMS Communicator c trch nhim tch bn tin 200 OK ly file xml v thng tin cc knh, hin th ra mt Frame cho ngi s dng thy di dng cy th mc. Nu mun xem mt knh no ngi s dng s nhn vo knh , t kt ni vi knh c thit lp. Vi nhng user s dng gi dch v parental control th AS s lc ni dung cc knh hin c v ch tr v cc knh ph hp vi la tui ca user ng k.
Hnh 5-37: ng nhp vi dch v IPTV trng hp c Access control
95

5.2.2.2 Chc nng Truyn hnh c bn

y l chc nng c bn nht ca ngnh truyn hnh, i vi bt c cng ngh no, truyn hnh qua v tinh, qua dy cp hay qua sng v tuyn hay nn IP, nhng ni dung truyn hnh c bn nh cc knh thng tin chnh thc ca nh nc u nht thit phi c. Nhng knh ny c 2 dng, 1 l truyn hnh trc tip, 2 l truyn pht li t thit b lu tr. Phn ln nhng ni dung ny u c chiu pht min ph cho tt c i tng khch hang.
Hnh 5-38: Dch v truyn hnh c bn 96

Ngi s dng gi bn tin INVITE vi trng To l ID ca knh cn xem ( nhn c t file xml) . V d l : vtv1@iptv.ims.hut.vn. Bn tin ny c cc CSCF chuyn ti AS. AS tip nhn bn tin ny. Nu ng n s tm kim trong c s d liu ca n xem knh c yu cu l do i truyn hnh no pht, kt qu tm kim l 1 Media Resource Location - MRL ging nh a ch URL nh chng ta thng duyt web. a ch ny thng c dng rtsp://domain/channel.sdp , sau c nh km vo bn tin 200 OK gi li cho ngi s dng. T ngi s dng s m 1 phin media kt ni trc tip vi i truyn hnh n v cung cp ni dung truyn hnh v xem cc knh y.
5.2.2.3 Chc nng Video theo yu cu

Bn cnh truyn hnh truyn thng, dch v IPTV c pht trin trong n c km theo chc nng Video on Demand tm dch l Video theo yu cu. s dng dch v ny, ngi s dng s ng k vi nh cung cp dch v cc gi tng ng l Standard VoD hay l Advanced VoD VoD tiu chun hoc VoD cao cp. Dch v VoD tiu chun phc v khch hng nh dch v truyn hnh theo yu cu thng thng, khch hng gi yu cu vo nhn li danh sch ni dung s, danh sch ny c cp nht thng xuyn. xem 1 ni dung no ngi s dng s gi bn tin INVITE v ni dung s s truyn ti ngi s dng. Dch v VoD cao cp cho php ngi dng chn quyn truy cp i vi tr nh theo phn loi ni dung v thi gian truy cp. Ngoi ra cn c chc nng nhn tin ti ngi ln khi c yu cu t tr nh ti nhng ni dung khng ph hp hoc vi phm thi gian c php s dng. Dch v ny cn c kh nng cung cp video hin trng, cho php ngi s dng c th
97

xem trc tip cn cnh 1 ni no vd nh tnh hnh giao thng 1 s tuyn ng c lp h thng camera. u tin, UE gi bn tin INVITE vi trng To l ID ca knh cn xem ( nhn c t file xml) . V d l : avatar@iptv.ims.hut.vn. Bn tin ny c cc CSCF chuyn ti AS. AS tip nhn bn tin ny. Nu ng n chuyn tip bn tin ny sang cho my ch phc v ni dung s MRF, MRF ch c nhim v phc v ni dung cho ngi s dng, n s gi v bn tin 183 Session Progress v bn tin 200 OK xc nhn l yu cu ca qu khch c chp nhn. Sau MRF s m 1 lung media streaming truyn ti ni dung s ti ip ca my tnh ca ngi dng nh ng k trong bn tin SIP/SDP
98

Hnh 5-39: Dch v VoD tiu chun
Nu UE mun kt thc xem, UE gi bn tin BYE ti AS vi trng To l avatar@iptv.ims.hut.vn, Call-ID l Call-ID ca phin hin thi, chnh l Call-ID ca bn tin INVITE. AS nhn c bn tin BYE s gi v bn tin 200 OK cho UE bit AS nhn c bn tin BYE ca UE
99

Hnh 5-40: Dch v VoD nng cao
i vi nhng knh thuc din qun l hng dn ca cha m (Rating PG parental guidance) th AS s gi cho reference user ca ngi dng 1 thng ip c ni dung xin php truy cp. Nu nhn c s ng th phin dch v din ra bnh thng, cn ko th 1 bn tin unauthorize s c tr v cho ngi yu cu km vi l do ca cha m.
100

5.2.3 Cc tnh hung khi ng nhp v s dng dch v IPTv

5.2.3.1 Cc trng hp t chi dch v
My ch IPTV t chi khng phc v ngi dng trong cc trng hp sau: T chi ng k dch v: khi IPTv server ti xung profile ngi dng t HSS m khng thy dch v Iptv c ng k th server s tr v bn tin 401 unauthorized vi l do l xin mi ng k vi nh cng cp dch v IPTV trc. T chi phc v dch v: o khi ngi dng gi bn tin INVITE yu cu 1 knh bt k m cha Login vo dch v bng bn tin SUBSCRIBE th h thng s tr v bn tin 401 Unauthorized vi l do l xin hay ng nhp vo dch v trc. o khi ngi dng gi bn tin INVITE yu cu 1 knh khng c trong c s d liu ca my ch IPTV th h thng s tr v bn tin 604 km l do l knh c yu cu khng tn ti hoc b xa khi h thng. o khi ngi dng gi bn tin INVITE yu cu 1 knh m phi c s chp thun ca ngi khc m my ch IPTV kim tra thy ngi hin khng lien lc c hoc ang tr li 1 yu cu truy cp khc th h thng s tr v bn tin 603 vi l do l khng th lin lc c vi cha m bn hoc h ang bn.
5.2.3.2 Thit b u cui b ngt t ngt

V nguyn tc, trc khi c th thc hin bt k 1 yu cu dch v no, ngi dng u phi ng k vo phin IPTv bng bn tin SUBSCRIBE. Tuy nhin trong qu trnh s dng s gp phi trng hp l thit b u
101

cui b ngt t ngt, c th l do mt in, khi sau khi bt ln thit b s li ng nhp li 1 ln na. Trong trng hp ny pha server s t nhn bit c v s xa phin lm vic trc ca user sau t dng ng nhp li, mi thay i trn h thng u c cp nht mi.
102

6 CHNG VI : THIT K DCH V IPTV

Ni dung chng ny s tp trung vo qu trnh thit k dch v, cc cng ngh c p dng, cc yu cu thc t, s lp v cc s thut gii thc hin dch v.
6.1 Tng quan v cng ngh SIP Servlet

6.1.1 M hnh SIP Servlet
SIP Servlet l mt thnh phn ng dng ca Java c bn, c qun l bi mt SIP Servlet container v c thc thi bi cc bn tin SIP. Ging nh cc thnh phn Java c bn khc, cc servlet l cc lp Java trn nn tng c lp m n c bin dch thnh m my, cc m my ny c th c np t ng vo v chy nh l mt my ch ng dng SIP. Cc container thi thong cn c gi l cc phng tin servlet, l cc phn m rng ca my ch cung cp cc chc nng servlet. Servlet tng tc vi cc client ny bng cch trao i cc bn tin yu cu (request) v hi p (response) thng qua cc servlet container. Servlet container l mt b phn my ch l mt b phn my ch ng dng cung cp dch v mng thng qua cc yu cu nhn c v hi p gi i. Servlet containter quyt nh cc ng dng no gi v trong lnh no. Mt servlet container va cha v va qun l cc servlet thng qua vng i ca chng. Mt servlet container c th c dng ln bi mt my ch SIP, hoc c ci t nh l mt b phn b xung ti SIP server thng qua cc giao din lp trnh ng dng m rng ring ca server . Mt SIP servlet container c th va c dng ln hoc c kh nng c ci vo servlet, kch hot cc my ch ng dng. Mt SIP servlet container qun l cc im lng nghe (listener) ca mng v cc im lng nghe cc lung lu lng
103

SIP theo chiu n (mt im lng nghe c t hp bi giao thc vn chuyn, a ch IP v s hiu cng). Cc c tnh SIP yu cu tt c cc nhn t SIP h tr c UDP v TCP, v c th l TLS, SCTP, v mt s cc lp vn chuyn khc. Mt servlet container c th t cc gii hn bo mt trn mi trng m mt servlet thc thi. Trong mi trng J2SE 1.2 v J2EE 1.3, cc giwosi hn ny nn c t bng cch s dng cc kin trc cho php nh ngha Java2 Platform. SIP Servlet cng tng t nh HTTP Servlet ngoi tr vic chng x l cc yu cu SIP. Chng thc hin vic ny by cch nh ngha cc phng thc c t cho mi yu cu SIP. V d HTTP Servlet nh ngha phng thc doPost() vit ln phng thc Service() x l yu cu Post. Trong khi , SIP Servlet s dng giao thc doInvite() vit ln phng thc Service() x l yu cu Invite. SIP servlet v HTTP servlets c th c ng gi vi nhau vi ti nguyn khc nhau nh cc th vin v cc lp khc nhau, ni dung tnh (tp tin m thanh, tp hnh nh, video,) v mt vi tp tin cu hnh to ra mt ng dng hi t.
6.1.2 Cc khi nim chnh ca SIP Servlet API

Khi nim chnh ca SIP Servlet tng t nh HTTP Servlet.Cc phn di y s m t phn chnh ca mt vi khi nim.
6.1.2.1 Mc ch ca SIP Servlet API

Mt s thuc tnh quan trng ca API bao gm: SIP Signaling: chp nhn cho cc ng dng thc hin hon thnh mt chui cc hnh ng ca tn hiu SIP, bao gm h tr cc nhim v nh User Agent Client (UAC), User Agent Server (UAS) v proxy.
104

Tnh n gin: cc Container x l cc vic phc tp khng cn thit nh qun l cc im lng nghe mng, truyn li, Cseq, Call-ID thng qua cc trng iu khin, nh tuyn, Cc ng dng hi t: cc Container c kh nng h tr cho cc ng dng hi t, l cc ng dng c th chia ra thnh nhiu cc giao thc v cc loi media khc nhau, v d nh web, telephony v presence. Pht trin ng dng ti nh cung cp th ba: m hnh servlet h tr vic pht trin ng dng cho bn th ba. Vic m t trin khai XML thng c s dng giao tip thng tin ng dng t cc bn thit k ng dng cho ti bn trin khai. Thnh phn ng dng: c th dng cho mt vi cc ng dng thc thi trn cc yu cu hoc hi p theo chiu n hoc i. Mi mt ng dng c mt b cc quy tc ca n v thc thi mt cch c lp vi cc ng dng khc mt cch rnh mch v to thnh theo th t. Carrier grade (cp carrier): cc servlet lu tr d liu ng dng trong cc container qun l cc phin i tng. Vic trin khai c th tip tc ti to d liu ny t c hiu qu cao.
6.1.2.2 Vng i ca SIP Servlet

Vng i ca mt servlet c bt u tnh t khi n c np vo trong b nh ca my ch ng dng (AS) v kt thc khi servlet b ngt hoc np li. Vng i ca servlet bao gm cc bc sau: Lp servlet c np bi container trong sut qu trnh khi ng. B cha gi phng thc init(). Phng thc khi to servlet v phi c gi trc khi servlet c th phc v bt k yu cu no. Trong
105

ton b vng i ca mt servlet, phng thc init() ch c gi mt ln. Sau qu trnh khi to, servlet c th phc v cc yu cu t pha client. Mi mt yu cu c phc v trong mt chui ring bit m n s hu. B cha gi phng thc no c lm v gi n i vi mt phng thc thch hp vi yu cu x l yu cu o. Ngi pht trin servlet phi cung cp vic trin khai cho cc phng thc ny. Nu mt yu cu cho phng thc m khng c trin khai bi servlet, phng thc ca lp cha s c gi, thng l kt qu ca mt li c tr li t ngi yu cu. Cui cng, b cha gi phng thc destroy() cho container lm cho servlet khng thc hin phc v. Phng thc destroy() tng t nh phng thc init() ch c gi mt ln trong vng i ca servlet.
Hnh 6-41 : Vng i ca Servlet C th hiu vng i ca mt servlet thng qua cc phng thc sau: on m (code) c np vo server; sau cc lp servlet c thc hin v khi to; servlet c gi nhiu ln x l cc bn tin n; cui cng servlet c ph hy.
6.1.2.3
Ng cnh SIP Servlet
Ng cnh servlet c nh ngha trong c t servlet cng c p dng cho SIP servlet. c t servlet nh ngha cc thuc tnh ng cnh c th
106

c s dng lu tr v truy nhp thng tin ti SIP servlet v cc giao din t ng cnh. Ng cnh servlet c th dng chung vi HTTP servlet trong cng mt ng dng. 6.1.2.3.1 SIP Factory SIP Factory l mt lp xng (factory) to cc i tng chun SIP Servlet cn thit cho vic thc thi ng dng. Giao din ca SIPFactory c s dng bi cc servlet to cc thc th ca cc giao din khc nhau: Tn lp URI, Sip URI, Address SipApplicationSession M t c th to ra thng tin a ch bao gm SIP URI t mt chui. to mt phin ng dng mi. N c gi khi mt SIP Servlet bt u x l mt tn hiu SIP mi. iu c ngha l cc phin ng dng thng c s dng trong thi gian khi ng khi mt ng dng c gi khi chy n v nn c s dng tit kim. s dng khi mt SIP servlet hot ng nh mt UAC to mt yu cu. Th d nh cc yu cu c th khng c gi vi Proxy.proxyTo. Chng c th c gi vi SipServletRequest.send. Ni cch khc: Cc phng thc creatRequest to cc thc th ca giao din SipServletRequest v c s dng bi cc ng dng UAC khi khi to cc yu cu trong mt hp thoi mi. Khi khi to mt chui con cc yu cu trong hp thoi ang tn ti, SipSession.createRequest c s dng thay th.
SipServletRequest
SIPFactory c t trong ng cnh servlet di tn mc nh. Ta c th thc hin n vi on m di y: ServletContext context = getServletContext(); SipFactory factory = (SipFactory) context.getAttribute(javax.servlet.sip.SipFactory);
107

Tt c cc container servlet phi thc hin mt trng hp ca giao din javax.servlet.sip.SipFactory tn ti vi cc servlet thng qua ng cnh c cng tn, javax.servlet.sip.SipFactory. 6.1.2.3.2 ng dn ng cnh Servlet API nh ngha v khi nim ng dn ng cnh. y l mt tin t ng dn URL kt hp vi mt ng dng web. Tt c cc yu cu HTTP URL bt u vi ng dn ng cnh ca mt ng dng web s c nh tuyn ti ng cnh servlet tng ng. Trong khi SIP URIs khng c khi nim v cc ng dn, cc phng thc ServletContext di y khng c ngha cho cc ng dng hoc b cha servlet SIP v phi tr v gi tr rng: ServletContext getContext(String uripath); String getRealPath(String path); RequestDispatcher getRequestDispatcher(String path); vic np ti nguyn c cp ti, ng dn ng cnh ca SIP servlet lun lun c /. T hp gia thc thi ng dng HTTP v SIP trong b cha HTTP Servlet, ng dn ng cnh c nh ngha bi HTTP Servlet API v vic np ti nguyn x l theo chun Java Servlet [Servlet API]. 6.1.2.3.3 Cc tham s ng cnh Cc b cha vi cc chun phi c thc hin theo cc thng s ca bng tham kho di y vi cc ng dng c ng cnh Servlet: Thng s javax.servlet.sip.supported javax.servlet.sip.supportedRfcs M t Mt thc th khng i ca giao din java.util.List cha cc tn xu ca phn m rng SIP h tr bi b cha. Mt thc th khng i ca giao din java.util.List cha cc s RFC m t nh xu ca SIP RFC h tr bi b cha
108

javax.servlet.sip.100rel
Thng s m gi tr xut c b cha h tr phn m rng 100rel. Thng s ny khng c tn thnh trong chun ca tham s javax.sip.supported javax.servlet.sip.SipSessionsUtil B cha lp SipSessionUtil cho ID trn c s tm kim thc th SipApplicationSession javax.servlet.sip.SipFactory Thc th ca cc ng dng SipFactory javax.servlet.sip.outboundInterfaces Mt thc th khng i ca giao din java.util.List cha trong Sip URI m t bi a ch IP c s dng bi b cha gi i cc bn tin javax.servlet.sip.TimeService Thc th ca lp TimeService
6.1.2.4 SIPServletRequest v SIPServletResponse

Phng php lun yu cuhi p trong SIP cng tng t nh trong HTTP Servlet. Mt yu cu c nh ngha trong i tng SipServletRequest v mt hi p c nh ngha trong i tng SipServlerResponse. Tuy nhin, ch c mt i tng ServletRequest hoc ServletReponse l c gi tr. iu ny l do mt yu cu SIP khng a ra mt hi p i xng. Cng c mt giao din chung gi l SipServletMessage cho c i tng SipServletRequest v SipServletResponse. Giao din SipServletMessage nh ngha cc phng thc chung cho cc i tng SipServletRequest v SipServletResponse.
109

Hnh 6-42 : Minh ha cu trc phn cp ca i tng SipServletRequest v SipServletResponse
6.1.2.5 ng gi ng dng
Cc ng dng SIP c th c ng gi vi cng cu trc ca cc ng dng web. Chng c ng gi trong nh dng JAR cng vi phn m rng l .sar (Sip archive) hoc .war (web archive).
6.1.2.6 M t trin khai (deployment descriptor)

Mt bn m t trin khai trn nn XML thng c dng m t SIP Servlet, cc nguyn tc khi to chng cng nh cc c tnh v ngun ti nguyn v c tnh mi trng c s dng trong ng dng. Bn m t ny nm trong tp tin sip.xml v cng ging nh tp tin c s dng trong HTTP servlet. Sip.xml c nh ngha bi mt gin XML.
110

6.1.2.7 Ng cnh hi t v ng dng hi t (converged context converged application)

Mt ng dng c th s dng c SIP Servlet v HTTP Servlet to ra dch v. cho php HTTP v SIP Servlet nm trong cng mt gi ng dng, c t SIP servlet nh ngha mt i tng ConvergedContext. i tng ny nm gi ng cnh servlet chia s bi c HTTP v SIP servlet v cung cp mt tm nhn ng dng chung cho c SIP v HTTP servlet trong cc khi nim thuc tnh ng cnh servlet, ngun ti nguyn v JNDI namespaces. Khi mt ng dng bao gm c SIP v HTTP servlet th ng dng c th c hiu l ng dng hi t. iu ny tri ngc vi ng dng ch c SIP c gi l mt ng dng SIP. Mt ng dng hi t cng tng t nh mt ng dng SIP v cu trc ngoi tr n c thm tp tin web.xml nh l mt bn m t trin khai thm vo mt tp tin sip.xml. Trong SIP Servlet API 1.1 (JSR289), khi nim ng dng hi t c th c m rng bao hm c cc ng dng thng mi. Mt ng dng thng mi c th c gi l ng dng hi t.
6.1.2.8 Phin SIP

c t SIP Servlet nh ngha cc i tng SipSession th hin mt phin thng qua SIP trong cng mt cch vi HttpSession th hin phin thng lm vic thng qua HTTP. Bi v mt ng dng n nh ng dng hi t c th thc hin mt phin thng qua c HTTP v SIP, c t ny c th nh ngha SipApplicationSession l mt i tng session mc ng dng. i tng SipApplicationSession c th hot ng nh mt lp cha vi cc phin HTTP v SIP trong mt ng dng. SipApplicationSession phc v hai mc ch: cung cp kho cha d liu cho ng dng v phi hp vi mt s protocol session.
111

6.2 Thit k dch v

6.2.1 Yu cu
Thit k dch v truyn hnh nn ip s dng kin trc mng IMS. Dch v cn c cc chc nng: o Phc v ni dung s ti ngi s dng trong mng IMS s dng thit b u cui c ci t IMS client c chc nng IPTV. o C kh nng phn loi ngi dng o Phn loi ni dung s o Danh sch chng trnh nng cao o Qun l quyn truy cp theo ngi dng, thi gian v phn loi ni dung. o C kh nng nhn tin truy vn quyn s dng. Dch v cn p ng cc yu cu: o C kh nng truyn ti cc ni dung s a dng v m ha. o Gi cc thng ip thn thin ti khch hang. o m bo v bo mt thng tin ca kho ni dung s. o m bo cht lng ni dung s - thi gian phc v.
6.2.2 Kin trc h thng

Dch v IMS based IPTV trong phm vi n c chia lm 2 modul ln, IPTV v Parental Control Trong dch v IPTV c xy dng hng n ngi dng ph thng c nhu cu xem cc chng trnh truyn hnh (Linear tv) v truyn hnh
112

theo yu cu (Video on demand) c trn di ng ln trn tivi qua b thu setop box. Dch v Parental Control hng ti ngi dng l v thnh nin hoc tr nh cha 18 tui c nhu cu tip cn vi kho ni dung s, c chc nng lc ni dung truyn hnh v Video on demand, pht theo gi hoc theo s ch nh ca cha m (ngi dng tham vn reference user)
M hnh tng qut:
Hnh 6-43: M hnh tng qut dch v IMS based IPTV
Ch thch: Ims client, setopbox: l thit b u cui truy cp dch v CSCFs: cc thnh phn thuc mng li IMS
113

HSS: server lu tr h s ngi dng Media server: server lu tr, iu khin v truyn ti ni dung s Application server: server x l cc logic dch v IPTv cung cp dch v IPTv Sip: giao thc bo hiu trong mng IMS RTP/RTSP: giao thc bo hiu truyn ni dung s Diameter: giao thc chng thc, cp quyn v tnh ton trong mang IMS. Vic nhn thc ngi dng trong mng do CSCFs thc hin v qun l da trn h s ngi dng lu tr ti HSS. Vic cung cp ni dung s cho ngi s dng s c Application Server qun l da trn h s dch v m ngi dng ng k lu tr ti HSS.
Media server ng vai tr l ngun ni dung s m Application server ly ra cho ngi s dng.
Server cung cp dch v (AS) c chn l Sailfin v2.0 dng cng ngh Java EE lm nn tng. Bao gm cc module: Cc sip servlets phc v iu khin phin lm vic Cc class h tr 1 s logic dch v Database lu tr thng tin v cc knh nh phn loi, nh gi, m t ni dung 1 knh v gii hn tui cho php truy cp vo knh . Web interface qun l v thit lp cu hnh dch v cng nh thng tin v dch v ti ngi dng cui. Diameter client tng tc vi HSS trn giao din Sh truy vn cc thng tin v ngi dng.
114

Server cung cp ni dung s (MRF) c chn l Darwin Streaming Server v5.5.5 truyn ti ni dung truyn hnh c bn v HUT Media Resource Function truyn ti ni dung truyn hnh theo yu cu da trn giao thc RTP/RTSP. Bao gm cc module: Web interface qun l thit lp cc knh linear tv
Module stream manager
Module bo hiu iu khin da trn giao thc SIP User endpoint hay user agent hay terminal hay thit b u cui c th l di ng, setop box, hay my tnh bn, laptopvi iu kin c IMS client platform ci sn v h tr xem truyn hnh da trn giao thc RTP/RTSP.
6.2.3 Thit k cc lp cho dch v

6.2.3.1 S lp
Dnh cho gi user.profile i vi user profile, mi user c profile cho dch v IPTV c nh ngha gm c cc kiu dch v ng k, cc rng buc i vi 1 user trong c reference user, cc rng buc v thi gian v phn loi knh. Lp RepDataHandler c nhim v ly cc thng tin trn ca user t profile ngi dng ti v t HSS. Sau cc user c a vo 1 danh sch phc v l QueueLoggedUsers. Lp TimeService dng thc hin cc thao tc kim tra v thi gian
115

Hnh 6-44: s lp cho gi user profile
Dnh cho gi servlets Gi ny bao gm cc servlet thc hin logic dch v
116

Hnh 6-45: S lp gi servlets
Gm c 5 servlet chnh. Main servlet lm nhim v khi to ban u cc gi tr tham s cng nh cc dng c s dng cho logic dch v trong thi gian chy ng dng. IPTVdoSERVICE servlet lm nhim v nhn bn tin INVITE v x l.. IPTVdoLOGIN servlet lm nhim v nhn bn tin SUBSCRIBE v x l MediaContentProvider servlet chuyn lm nhim v thc hin nhng yu cu INVITE qua x l v c chp thun.
117

IPTVdoMESSAGE servlet lm nhim v gi nhn bn tin trong qu trnh qun l truy cp.
Dnh cho gi tools Gi ny c cc lp cng c x l cc thnh phn logic hoc cc cng c x l d liu trong qu trnh thc thi dch v
Hnh 6-46: Cc lp trong gi tools
Lp Database to ra kt ni ti my ch d liu. Lp Xmlhandler x l cc yu cu lin quan ti Xml document. Lp StringManipulate x l cc yu cu lin quan ti xu chui. Lp QueueAuthRequests lu gi cc yu cu cn s cho php ca ngi dng tham vn.
118

Lp MediaContent i din cho 1 knh, bao gm th loi, m t, rating,...ca knh Dnh cho gi diameter
Hnh 6-47: S lp gi diameter
Lp ShApp khi to v duy tr kt ni ti my ch HSS

119

Lp ClientShSession qun l lung bn tin v to ra cc bn tin diameter. Lp ShSessionEventListenerImpl nghe cc tr li t HSS
6.2.3.2 Cc khu x l trong qu trnh chy dch v

6.2.3.2.1 C s d liu cc knh Cc thng tin v knh ni dung truyn hnh v cc user ang k s c lu trong my ch c s d liu bao gm 2 bng. Bng iptv_subscription cha thng tin v cc ngi dng ng k dch v. Bng iptv_media_source cha thng tin v danh sch cc knh xem hin ti ang phc v. Ni dung cc bng nh sau:
120

6.2.3.2.2 Khi to dch v Lu thut ton khu khi to dch v:
121

Hnh 6-48: Lu thut ton khi to dch v Khi dch v c trin khai ln server ng dng, hm init() trong servlet
Main.java s c kch hot, khi to module diameter v cc bin, tham s dng cho dch v. 6.2.3.2.3 ng nhp vo dch v Di y l lu thut ton ng nhp vo dch v
122

Hnh 6-49: Lu thut ton ng nhp vo dch v
123

Lp IPTvdoLOGIN.java m t cch thc ng nhp ngi dng bng bn tin SUBSCRIBE, nhn thc ngi dng thng qua giao din Sh gia AS v HSS v sau cu trc ln ni dung chng trnh cho tng i tng c th ri gi v cho ngi dng trong bn tin 200 Ok. Chi tit m ngun c trong a CD nh km ti liu. 6.2.3.2.4 Thc hin v x l yu cu i vi 1 knh c th Lu thut ton x l yu cu i vi 1 knh:
124

Hnh 6-50: Lu thut ton x l yu cu knh
Lp IPTvdoSERVICE.java m t cch thc x l mi yu cu truy cp vo 1 knh c th bng bn tin INVITE. Kim tra xem ngi dng ng nhp cha, knh yu cu c tn ti hay khng v l yu cu truyn hnh c bn hay l Video on demand, ngi dng c phi thuc din qun l truy cp hay khng v phc v vi chc nng tng ng
125

Chi tit m ngun c trong a CD nh km ti liu.
6.2.4 Kch bn thc thi ng dng

Sip.xml l file nh ngha cc lp SIP servlet v ch ra cc nh x ca chng. Cc nh x cho Sip Servlet s dng cc ton t and, equal, v not nh ngha ra cc iu kin trong servlet c kch hot.
6.3 Ci t v s dng dch v

6.3.1 Yu cu h thng
Yu cu v phn cng:
My tnh bn c ci t h iu hnh Unix (tt nht dng Ubuntu phin bn 8.04 tr ln).
ng truyn ADSL hoc cc thit b trong mng LAN. Yu cu v phn mm: Linux c kernel 2.6. My tnh c ci t Sailfin vi y th vin. Hut - Communicator
6.3.2 Hng dn ci t
Xem ph lc km theo.
6.3.3 Kt qu thu c
Xem ph lc km theo.
126

KT LUN
Trong thi i ngy nay, Internet c vai tr ngy cng quan trng trong lnh vc vin thng, chnh v vy IMS s kt hp gia in thoi di ng truyn thng v mng internet ha hn s em li nhiu li ch cho c ngi s dng ln nh cung cp dch v. Trong thi gian thc hin n, di s tn tnh ca TS. Nguyn Ti Hng cng s gip chia s ca cc bn trong nhm. Em nm c nhng kin thc v kin trc IMS v hiu cch pht trin cc dch v mi trn nn kin trc IMS. Trong n, em tin hnh xy dng cc lc bo hiu v iu khin trong cc trng hp khc nhau ca dch v IPTV, v bc u i vo trin khai dch v trong cc trng hp n gin n phc tp. Tuy nhin bn cnh nhng mt thun li v nhng g t c l nhng kh khn, nhng nhc im: l s thiu kinh nghim trong lp trnh dn n vic pht trin nng cao h thng cn nhiu hn ch. Vn bo mt cha c quan tm nhiu. H thng mi ch pht trin trong mng ni b ch cha a ra c ngoi mng internet cng cng. Dch v a phn ch dng li mc nghin cu l thuyt, thc hin m phng ch cha i vo thc t. Tuy nhin, vi s n lc ht mnh ca c nhn v s gip nhit tnh ca cc thy gio v cc bn, em tin rng trong thi gian ti s c th tip tc nghin cu v pht trin dch v hon thin hn. ng thi tin ti xy dng c nhiu dch v ng dng phc v cho ngi s dng v em li nhiu li ch cho cc nh cung cp dch v.
127

PH LC 1. Poster paper gi ti hi ngh TridentCom Berlin

IMS IPTV: An Experimental Approach
NguyenTaiHung,NguyenHuuThanh,GiangKyNam,BuiQuangAnh,DinhThaiHoang
DepartmentofCommunicationEngineeringHanoiUniversityofTechnology {hungtaifet,thanhnh}@mail.hut.edu.vn
Abstract. IMShasbeenwidelyrecognizedasthecontrolandsignalingframeworkfordeliveringof therichcommunication&multimediaservicestobroadbandusers.Amongstothers,itsdeployingas theservice(middleware)platformforinteractiveandpersonalizedIPTVservices.Thegoalofthis paperistoprovideashortdescriptionandanalysisofthe(IPTV)usecasesthathavebeenselectedfor designandimplementationatHanoiUniversityofTechnology(HUT)inscopeofitsinitiativesfor NGN researching program. Major use cases, or we called intelligent features, are the advanced electronicserviceguide,videoondemand(VoD),(IPTV)sessioncontinuity, andparentalcontrol. Developmentresultsforeachoftheusecasearedepicted. Keywords:IMS;IMSIPTV;enhancedEPG;ParentalControl;BlendingService,IntelligentFeatures;
1.Introduction
IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a next generation network (NGN) architecture currently planned for mobile and fixed multimedia services, standardized by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) [1]. IMS promises a scalable integrated platform that enables new services and provides for the combination of telecommunications and Internet services, therefore, we have chance of using IMS to provide a highly integrated solution for seamless, networked-based media transportation over any end-user device. Since the IPTV had been developed and deployed for some time and had gone through numbers of generation with different middleware technologies. Its now facing the challenges of the market which demands that IPTV must be equipped with more intelligent and interactive features in a standardized & interoperable way. This paper therefore will explore, in experimental perspective, the possibility of application of the IMS framework as the service control plane to provide the interactive and personalized Video services. The paper begins with a concise description of the novel IMS based IPTV architecture as well as our setup for an academic IMS Test-bed. The main part of the paper will be reserved for presentation of IPTV use cases that we have developed in our test-bed environment. Six use cases have been selected for design and implementation as listed below. Standard Video on Demand Parental Control/Authorization: An intelligent feature that allows the parent to control their children access to (IPTV) broadcast channels and/or on-demand contents. Enhanced EPG: Another feature that provides the (IPTV) viewers with personalized program guide Blending services [8]: a feature that allows the composition of telephony/messaging session with IPTV session.
128

Sharing IMS profiles in the same device and IPTV application examples: Usage of several IMS profiles on a device when several users are sharing the same device Session transfer: A rich multi-device and multimodal interaction model that allows the user to start up a session of a converged service while commuting on the train, continue the interaction while walking to his office and complete the transaction while sitting down at his office-desk.
2.IMSBasedIPTVArchitecture
NovelFramework
Fig.1.IMSbasedIPTV
Figure-1 shows a high-level functional IPTV network architecture being supported by an IMS infrastructure. The model provides multimedia services to the end user by means of the SIP Application Server (SAS). The SAS implements the SIP server with which users interact and request the movies or other online contents and, more importantly, inclusive of advanced functionalities like the personalized electronic service guide (ESG), interactive (parental) authorization, blending sessions, etc. The SAS interacts with the IPTV User Terminal (IUT) that handles the display and interactivity functions for viewers. The IUT also performs functions such as content encoding/decoding and buffering for both unicast and multicast streams. The system is divided into a number of logically separated parts, namely, the home network, access network, aggregation network, and the service/content domain. IPTV User Profile In the IMS IPTV architecture, personalization is an important feature. To achieve personalization at the application level (i.e. personalized EPGs, advertisements, or even personalized blended communication services), every user has an IPTV profile. The relation between the IPTV profile and the IMS profile depends on the availability of a home IMS gateway. The home gateway is a functional block with an attached ISIM card reader, which can be deployed in the residential gateway or any other networked consumer equipment. The gateway translates home signaling, whether SIP, UPnP or perhaps pure HTTP to IMS signaling. It also takes care of NAT traversal and secures connectivity with the P-CSCF in the IMS domain, as well as identity, device subscription, and management inside the home domain and towards the IMS core. Ifthehouseholdcontainsahomegateway,thefamilymemberscanchoosewhethertheywanttohavefull IMSidentity,onewhichenablesthemfullcommunicationcapabilitiessupportedbyIMS,ortheyopttojust haveanIPTVprofile,thatwillusethedefaultIMShouseholdidentityforauthenticationpurposes.TheIPTV profileinformationthatneedstobesharedbetweendifferentIMSservicesisstoredintheIPTVXDMS database.ThisdatabaseisaccessedusingXCAP,whichworksoverHTTP.Theseprofilescanbesharedby differentusersandotherstakeholderswithintheIPTVsystem.
129

OurTestbed In the scope of the joint-research project between Hanoi University of Technology and Fraunhofer Institute FOKUS, we was setting up a next generation Test-bed in our lab for purpose of prototyping of new multimedia and rich-feature communication services using IMS framework. The test-bed consists of all three layers: media layer for transportation of media traffic in the modes of unicast, multicast and broadcast. The core layer of signaling and session/service control uses the FOKUS open source IMS Core [3][4][5] that delivers CSCF servers and a light user profile database (HSS). Our project main focus is on the application layer in which we specified and developed prototypes for value added services to IP Telephony and IP Television using the Sailfin platform. A Media Server was also developed at our lab using VLC (VideoLAN) media stack. Besides that we had developed a comprehensive framework and prototype of IMS IPTV Client that based on the open source IMS Communicator. Finally, several IMS interfaces, namely, Sh, Mw, etc are implemented on our own effort. Figure 2 depicts high level view of our Test-bed setup.
Fig.2.The HUT Next Generation Test-bed
3.IMSIPTVUseCases
3.1.MessageFlow StandardVideoonDemand
130

UE (emulated STB) INVITE
CSCFs
IPTV AS
IMS MRF
sip:avatar@iptv.ims.hut.vn
INVITE sip:avatar@iptv.ims.hut.vn INVITE sip:avatar@mrf.ims.hut.vn 183 Session Progress 183 Session Progress
183 Session Progress 200 OK 200 OK 200 OK
ACK ACK
ACK
RTP
BYE BYE BYE 200 OK 200 OK
200 OK
Fig. 3. Requesting the on-demand contents
In our research, as depicted on figure 3, we consider a scenario in which an IMS user initiates a call to a specific content (a movie, a song or other resources) at the content provider through an IMS domain. The request would be routing through different SIP servers (CSCFs) and at S-CSCF a suitable iFC would be invoked to forward the request to IPTV AS, the AS will then proxy the request to MRF (Media Server). Media Server, after accepting the request, will send back the successful responses (via AS) as well as the RTP streams directly to Emulated STB. In our scenario, we had implemented the AS based on Sailfin platform and our Media Server was designed and implemented using VLC (VideoLAN) RTP stack and oSIP library. ParentalControl
`
Peter
CSCFs
INVITE sip:bbc@iptv.ims.hut.vn INVITE sip:bbc@iptv.ims.hut.vn
AS
Alice
Acess Control Decision Permission Resquest Message Permission Resquest Message Answer: Decline Answer: Decline
Decline Message Decline Message 603 Decline 603 Decline
Fig.4.IPTVParentalControlFeature
A special feature, called Parental Control, had been designed and implemented which allows the parent to control their child from requesting and viewing classified contents. In this scenario, as shown on the figure 4, the child (Peter) initiates a call to a specific content (movie and channel), the request will be forwarded to IPTV AS through IMS Core, the AS, through the in-house developed Sh interface, will download and check the service registration of this user and learnt that this user need the permission (from his parent) in order to view the requested content. The AS then checks the status of Parent (Alice) through Presence service and asks for her permission (via Message method). Depend on the response from Alice, whether she accept or
131

deny the request, IPTV AS will either send back to Peter the denial response (603 Decline) or proxy the request to Media Server which will subsequently send RTP stream to Peters Client. EnhancedEPG Personalization is a key feature in the IMS IPTV solution. In this sense, we have complemented the user profile with a new XML-formatted [9] service profile for each IMS identity to contain the personalized information. That leads to another intelligent feature for IMS-based IPTV, we called Enhanced EPG. With this feature user will be classified in to different groups (via subscription) with different service levels.
UE SUBSCRIBE sip:service@iptv.ims.hut.vn
CSCFs
AS
HSS
SUBSCRIBE sip:service@iptv.ims.hut.vn User Data Request User-Id: Alice@ims.hut.vn Data Reference: ifc User Data Answer Ifc Attached
If no acess control Construct the list of channel 200 OK 200 OK Channel list Channel list
Fig.5.MessageFlowforEPGofuncontrolledaccess
UE SUBSCRIBE sip:service@iptv.ims.hut.vn
CSCFs
AS
SUBSCRIBE sip:service@iptv.ims.hut.vn
User Data Request User-Id: Peter@ims.hut.vn Data Reference: ifc User Data Answer Ifc Attached
Acess control required
User Data Request User-Id: Peter@ims.hut.vn Data Reference: Repository Data User Data Answer Peters Repository Data Attached Construct channel list Add access control to session 200 OK 200 OK Channel list Channel list
Fig.6.MessageflowforEnhancedEPGFeature
In this scenario, users in different classes, after registering in to the IMS Core, will send Subscribe request to IPTV AS for the EPG service. The AS then, via Sh interface, will query the HSS to download the relevant iFC and check the registered service profile of requesting user, if user is belonging to the free service package (no need access control) then AS will build the relevant channel list and send it, through the payload (in XML) of 200 OK Response message, back to the requesting user. In the other hand, if user is belonging to the group that need access control (e.x. for Premium service packages) then the AS need to query the HSS
132

again to obtain the necessary data to build the suitable channel list and send back to the requesting user. Figure 5&6 below show the basic message exchanges for implementation of these two scenarios. The access control also provides the time constrained service profile in which the requesting for different time slots will receive different channel lists. SessionContinuity The issue of session continuity is also studied in our test-bed, in which we investigated a new approach that allows handing over of an on-going IPTV session between different access heterogeneous environments. We propose a new component in the IMS domain, namely an proxy based on mSCTP (mobile Stream Control Transmission Protocol) that acts as an anchor point for soft vertical handover of mobile nodes, which have multiple physical interfaces (e.g., WLAN/UMTS). The mSCTP-based proxy also supports QoS provisioning and adaptation for the mobile nodes when moving in a heterogeneous wireless environment. Our simulation results show that the signaling cost for handover in our approach can be up to 23 times smaller than that in the conventional approach.
Visited IMS Domain 1 MN P-CSCF I-CSCF Home IMS Domain S-CSCF proxy AS
INVITE(mSCTP)
INVITE(mSCTP) 305 use proxy
INVITE(mSCTP)
INVITE(mSCTP) 100 trying
REFER (AS) 200 OK INVITE(mSCTP) INVITE 183 sp
183 sp PRACK MN PDP Context Activation 200 OK
183 sp
183 sp
183 sp
PRACK
PRACK
PRACK 200 OK AS PDP proxy PDP Context Activation Context Activation
200 OK 200 OK
UPDATE
UPDATE
UPDATE
UPDATE 200 OK 180 ringing
200 OK 180 ringing PRACK
200 OK 180 ringing 180 ringing
200 OK 180 ringing
PRACK
PRACK
PRACK 200 OK 200 OK ACK TCP/UDP connection proxy <> AS
200 OK 200 OK ACK 200 OK ACK
200 OK 200 OK ACK
200 OK 200 OK ACK
mSCTP connection between MN and proxy
Fig.7.mSCTPconnectionsetupbetweenMN,proxy,ASandothercomponentsinIMS
Afterregisteringwithanetwork,letssaythevisitedIMSdomain1asillustratedonFigure7,theMNwants toinitiateacalltoanIPTVApplicationServer.AtthismomenttheMNdoesnotknowtheexistenceofan mSCTPbasedproxy,thusitsendsanINVITEmessagewiththeURIoftheserviceidentity(PSI).Sincethe MNsupportsmSCTPinthetransportlayer,itwouldliketosetupanmSCTPconnectionifpossible.Inour implementation,insteadofsendinganINVITEmessageinformingthattheexpectedtransportprotocolis TCPorUDP,mSCTPisspecifiedintheINVITEmessageontheVIAheaderfield.Uponreceivingthe INVITEmessage,thehomeSCSCFanalysesthemessageandrealizesthattheMNrequestsmSCTP.Instead offorwardingINVITEtotheAS,thehomeSCSCFsendsaredirectmessage305useproxytotheMN,
133

whichspecifiestheURIofthemSCTPbasedproxyintheContactfield.TheMNthensendsINVITEtothe proxy,requestingtobuildanmSCTPtransportsessionbetweentheMNandthemSCTPbasedproxy.When thehomeSCSCFprocesstheredirectedINVITEmessagefromtheMN,itwillalsosendaREFERtothe proxyinstructingittoestablishasessionfromtheproxytotheAS. Following INVITE messages are QoS provisioning steps. These steps are much like the conventional signalingflow,except that theproxyshouldset uptwosessions:onebetween MNandtheproxywith mSCTPtunnel,andtheotherbetweentheproxyandtheAS.TherearethreePDPcontextsthatshouldbe establishedfortheMN,proxyandAS.Thesessionsetupprocedureinourapproachisabitmorecomplex thanusualwith66messages.InFigure7,weneglectsomemessagesthatdonotplaysignificantroleinthe signalingflow. 3.2.Results This section highlights some of the various intelligent features implemented in the prototype at our Test-bed. Figure 8 illustrates a personalized user portal which provides a different content meta data (channel list) to different registered user. Figure 8 shows the Parental Control feature in which the childs request (for a specific online content, like movie) will be accepted or rejected based in different criteria like the acceptance from the parent, the time slot of the request and the category of the requested content.
Fig.8.ChannelListfordifferentUserCategoriesofEnhancedEPGfeature
134

Fig.9.IncomingCall/MessageDisplay
Figure 9 shows feature of blending services that allows displaying the Incoming Call/Message from buddies on the online TV screen if the watching user is not on the Do not Disturb mode. The viewer then has options of pausing the TV session to handle the incoming call/message or reject it. Finally, figure 10 shows our proposed architecture for the implementation of (IP TV) session continuity.
Home IMS domain
HSS S-CSCF
I-CSCF GGSN mSCTP Proxy
AS
P-CSCF
GGSN
P-CSCF
PDG
RNC AP
Data path Signaling path
Visited IMS domain 1 - UMTS
MN
Visited IMS domain 2 - WLAN
Fig.10.SignalingpathsanddatapathsbetweenMN,mSCTPproxy,ASandIMScomponents
4.ConclusionsandFurtherDiscussions
This paper presents our investigation, in experimental perspective, of using IMS framework to provide intelligent features for IPTV services. In particular, it focuses on the video on demand, remote parental control, blending services, session handover without interruption and other interactive features which some of the use cases were discussed and presented here-above. It shows how SIP [2][7] signaling and IMS can be used to provide the Interactive and Blending features for the entertainment video services.
135

The initial results promise the great potential of those IMS-based TV interactive and differentiated features, which offer attractive and rich multimedia experiences to the end user. We are currently investigating and developing several other intelligent features of IMS-based TV, namely, the context-based session continuity that allows to seamlessly handover the IPTV sessions across different screens/terminals on different access networks
2. Ci t Open IMS Core ln Ubuntu

Bc 1: Download Open IMS Core v my sudo su (sau nhp pass ca root vo quyn root) apt-get install subversion mkdir /opt/OpenIMSCore/ chown R username /opt/OpenIMSCore/ cd /opt/OpenIMSCore mkdir ser_ims mkdir FHoSS svn checkout http://svn.berlios.de/svnroot/repos/openimscore/ser_ims/trunk ser_ims svn checkout http://svn.berlios.de/svnroot/repos/openimscore/FHoSS/trunk FHoSS Bc 2: Ci t cc gi yu cu apt-get install sun-java6-jdk mysql-server libmysqlclient15-dev libxml2 libxml2-dev bind9 ant flex bison Sau thit lp pass cho sql (mysql root password imshut) Bc 3: Ci t DNS Edit /etc/dhcp3/dhclient.conf v b comment ti dng: prepend domain_name_servers 127.0.0.1;
136

cp /opt/OpenIMSCore/ser_ims/cfg/open-ims.dnszone /etc/bind/ Thm dng ny vo file sau: /etc/bind/named.conf.local zone "ims.hut.vn" { type master; file "/etc/bind/open-ims.dnszone"; }; Cu hnh file open-ims.dnszone thay th a ch IP /etc/init.d/bind9 restart Bc 4: Bin dch cd /opt/OpenIMSCore/ser_ims make install-libs all java version ( kim tra phin bn ca java) export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.03/" (ty theo phin bn ubuntu ca ngi dng, trong cu lnh trn l ubuntu 7.10). cd /opt/OpenIMSCore/FHoSS ant compile deploy Bc 5: Thit lp c s d liu v chy cp /opt/OpenIMSCore/ser_ims/cfg/* /opt/OpenIMSCore/ cd /opt/OpenIMSCore Thay i tn min ca IMS core (fresh install) (ims.hut.vn) ./configurator.sh pcscf.cfg icscf.cfg icscf.xml scscf.cfg scscf.xml
ser_ims/cfg/icscf.sql FHoSS/deploy/hss.properties FHoSS/scripts/userdata.sql
FHoSS/deploy/DiameterPeerHSS.xml FHoSS/scripts/hss_db.sql
137

Thit lp c s d liu mysql -uroot -p < ser_ims/cfg/icscf.sql mysql -uroot -p < FHoSS/scripts/hss_db.sql mysql -uroot -p < FHoSS/scripts/userdata.sql M terminal v chy: ./pcscf.sh ./icscf.sh ./scscf.sh cd FHoSS/deploy ./startup.sh Nu gp vn khi chy FHoSS th thit lp li bin mi trng JAVA_HOME bng cch g li dng lnh sau: export JAVA_HOME="/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.03/"
3. Ci t my ch ng dng sailfin
Yu cu ti thiu ci t l my phi c jdk1.5 tr ln. Download phin bn min ph ca sailfin (v1.0 final release) Gii v to th mc mi sailfin bng cch thc hin lnh: % java Xmx256m jar filename.jar Chuyn n th mc sailfin: % cd sailfin Nu s dng my tnh vi cc h iu hnh c phn quyn nh Unix th thc hin cp quyn thc thi cho cc th mc bin v sailfin:
138

% chmod R +x lib/ant/bin Tin hnh ci t: o Cho Linux: % lib/ant/bin/ant f setup.xml o Cho Window: % lib\ant\bin\ant f setup.xml
4. Ci t dch v IPTV ln my ch Sailfin

Provisioning FHoSS
Xem: Kch bn demo dch v IPTv
Povisioning content database

Ti du nhc ngi dng g lnh: # mysql uroot p < iptv_db.sql Enter password: # mysql uroot p < iptv_media_source.sql Enter password:
Povisioning Diameter Peer

Copy file clientForJ.xml ti th mc /path/to/sailfin/domains/domain1/config/ Copy ton b cc file trong th mc Libs/diameter/ ti th mc /path/to/sailfin/domains/domain1/libs/ext/ Sa li cc tham s a ch IP trong file clientForJ.xml cho ng vi h thng.
Povisioning User Repository

S dng phn mm DiameterClient, ti terminal g lnh: # java jar diameterClient.jar upload /path/to/shdata.xml sip:peter@ims.hut.vn iptv
Cu hnh my ch IPTV
Khi ng Sailfin: #asadmin <enter> #asadmin> start-domain --user admin domain1 Login to administration console at http://localhost:4848
139

User: admin Password: adminadmin
To JDBC Resources cho MySQL( kt ni ti my ch MySql)

Ti v connector ca MySql cho java ti y MySQL Connector/J. Copy file mysql-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar ti th mc <sailfin installation dir>/ domains/sailfin-cluster-domain/lib/ext v khi ng li my ch Sailfin nh trn (asadmin stop-domain <name> followed by asadmin start-domain <name>). Trong trang ch qun l ca Sailfin, vo phn
JDBC Connection Pool

Click vo Connection Pools to 1 JDBC Connection pool mi.
140

n vo new
Thit lp tham s: jdbc:mysql://iptv.ims.hut.vn:3306/iptv_db? user=nhong&password=nhong y nhong l ti khon truy cp vo mysql server.
141

Click Finish sau chn li MySQLPool kim tra xem n c hot ng khng.
142

Click Ping.
143

Thnh cng.
144

Ci t dch v: Trong panel bn tri click vo Converged SIP
145

Click deploy, specify chn file fet_iptv.war v click ok. Xong!
146

5. Chy th vi HUT - Communicator

Xem: Kch bn demo dch v IPTv
Kch bn m dch v IMS based IPTV

Ng cnh:
C 2 User ng k dch v IPTv, 1 l Alice v 2 l con gi ca c, Alices daughter 2 ngi ng k chung 1 thu bao IMS c tn l Alice. Alice ng k 1 private user identity l alice@ims.hut.vn v 1 public user identity km theo n l sip:alice@ims.hut.vn. Con gi ca c Peter c Alice ng k 1 private user identity l peter@ims.hut.vn v 1 public user identity km theo l sip:peter@ims.hut.vn. Vic ny c thc hin thng qua trang cu hnh ca FHoSS (HSS provisioning):
Thit lp dch v Iptv v Parental control:

To Iptv-parental control server:
147

To Iptv trigger point:
To Iptv IFC:
To Iptv service:
148

Tng t vi Parental control:
149

Nh th chng ta to xong 2 gi dch v, 1 l Iptv v gi kia l Parental control, user s dng gi Iptv s c xem tt c cc knh m IPtv server cung cp cn user s dng dch v Parental control th ch c php xem 1 s knh nht nh, nu yu cu xem cc knh ko cho php server s gi tin nhn hi quyn truy cp t 1 user khc. Sau y l thit lp 2 user ni trn vi cc gi dch v tng ng: Alice s dng dch v Iptv cn con gi c y c ng k dch v Parental control. C 2 m con u ng k chung 1 IMS subscriber.
150

151

V chng ta c subscriber Alice nh sau :
Vi user Alice c sn ca FHoSS ta sa li service profile ca user ny thnh iptv:
Hot ng
By gi chng ta m 2 client, 1 client ng k vi tn Alice v 1 ng k vi tn Peter, y 2 user c ng k trong HUT Communicator
152

Danh sch chng trnh ca User Alice:
V danh sch chng trnh ca user Peter:
153

Danh sch chng trnh ca user Alice di hn v bao gm c nhng knh ngi ln. Alice xem 1 knh truyn hnh:
154

Peter truy cp vo 1 knh thuc din phi qun l: h thng gi tin nhn ti Alice hi xem c cho php hay khng.
155

Alice t chi:
156

Peter truy cp vo 1 knh khc v ln ny Alice cho php con b ta xem:
157

V kt qu:
158

TI LIU THAM KHO

[1] Gonzalo Camarillo & Miguel A.Garcia-Martin, The 3G IP Multimedia Subsystem Merging The Internet And The Cellular Worlds, Second Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2006. [2] Alan B.Johnston, SIP: Understanding the session initiation protocol, second edition, Artech House telecommunications library, 2004. [3] Miikka Poikselk and Georg Mayer, The IMS: IP Multimedia Concepts and Services, Second Edition, Hisham Khartabil and Aki Niemi 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. ISBN: 0-470-01906-9 [4] Rfc 3725, Best Current Practices for Third Party Call Control (3pcc) in the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) [5] 820-4281, SunGlassFish Communications Server 1.5 AdministrationGuide, SunMicrosystems, Inc. 4150Network Circle Santa Clara, CA 95054 U.S.A. [6] Presence, Vishal Kumar Singh and Henning Schulzrinne April 10, 2006, Columbia Computer Science. [8] Rfc 3327, Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Extension Header Field [9] http://www.iptel.org [10] http://tech-invite.com [11] http://uctimsclient.berlios.de [12] https://sailfin.dev.java.net [13] http://blogs.sun.com/enterprisetechtips/entry/adding_voice_to_java_ee [15] http://blogs.voxeo.com/speakingofstandards/tag/sipoint/
159

Download

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Download

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

B GIO DC V O TO TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI --------------------------------------------------

CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAM

H v tn sinh vin: ..... S hiu sinh vin: Kho:.Khoa: in t - Vin thng 1. u n:

2. Cc s liu v d liu ban u:

3. Ni dung cc phn thuyt minh v tnh ton:

4. Cc bn v, th ( ghi r cc loi v kch thc bn v ):

Sinh vin hon thnh v np n tt nghip ngy

B GIO DC V O TO TRNG I HC BCH KHOA H NI

2. Nhn xt ca cn b phn bin:

thng Cn b phn bin

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

DANH SCH HNH V

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

DANH SCH BNG BIU

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

DANH SCH CC T VIT TT

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

MEGACO Media Gateway Control

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

VoD WAP WLAN WLSS XML

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

1.2 Ni dung nghin cu

Thit k dch v IPTV: thit k dch v t cc yu cu thc t, s lp.

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Trin khai dch v: cc bc s dng dch v i vi ngi dng cui.

2 CHNG II : V KIN TRC IMS

2.1 Kin trc tng qut IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

2.1.1 Mng truy nhp

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

cc v d v cc thit b c th kt ni ti IMS. Mt v d khc v phng php truy cp l WLAN v ADSL.

Mt hay vi my ch ng SIP gi l CSCF (Call Session Control Function).

Mt hay vi MRF mi ci c chia nh thnh MRFC v MRFP.

2.1.2.1 C s d liu HSS v SLF

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

2.1.2.2 Chc nng iu khin cuc gi phin

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

2.1.2.4 Chc nng iu khin cng chuyn mng

2.1.2.5 PSTN/CS Gateway

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

2.1.2.6 Mng ch v mng khch

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

2.1.3 Tng dch v

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

2.2 nh danh trong IMS

2.2.1 nh danh ngi dng cng cng

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

Thit k v trin khai dch v IPTV trn nn IMS

2.2.2 nh danh ngi dng ring

2.2.3 Mi quan h gia nh danh cng cng v nh danh ring