MC LC

Ni dung

Trang

A. M u.......................................................................................................1
I. L do chn ti: .................................................................................2
II. Nhim v nghin cu:.........................................................................2
III. i tng nghin cu:.......................................................................3
IV. Phng php nghin cu: .................................................................3
B. Ni dung.....................................................................................................4
I. Phng php gii ton Vt l bng s phc...................................4
1. C s ca phng php:...........................................................4
2. Hng dn dng vi my tnh cm tay Casio fx 570MS:.........4
3. p dng:....................................................................................5
a. Cc bi ton tng hp vect...........................................5
b. Cc bi ton tng hp dao ng....................................6
c. Cc bi ton v in xoay chiu.....................................6
II. Phng php gii bi ton vt l dng tch phn.......................11
1. Hng dn dng vi my tnh cm tay Casio fx 570MS:.......11
2. p dng:..................................................................................11
C. Kt qu:....................................................................................................14
D. Kt lun:...................................................................................................14
E. Ti liu tham kho:.................................................................................14
F. nh gi:..................................................................................................15

Nm hc 2010-2011
A. M u.

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

I. L do chn ti:
Hin nay, vic s dng my tnh cm tay ca gio vin cng nh hc sinh trong tnh ton
v gii cc bi ton tr nn ph bin trong trng trung hc bi nhng t tnh u vic ca
n. Vi my tnh cm tay vic h tr tnh ton cc php ton n gin nh cng tr, nhn,
chia ly cn l bnh thng, my tnh cm tay cn h tr gii cc bi ton phc tp nh: H
phng trnh bc nht hai n, H phng trnh bc nht ba n, gii phng trnh bc hai, bc
ba, tnh ton s phc Nhng vic s dng my tnh cm tay trong vic gii cc bi ton
Vt l i vi gio vin v hc sinh cn l vic rt mi. Hu nh trn thc t cha c ti liu
c th no hng dn s dng my tnh cm tay trong vic gii cc bi tp Vt l, ch yu l
ti liu gii ton.
Bn cnh , hng nm S GD-T, B GD-T thng t chc cc k thi gii ton trn
my tnh Casio cho cc mn trong c mn Vt l rn luyn k nng s dng my tnh
Casio. Trong cc k thi tt nghip THPT, tuyn sinh H-C B GD-T ban hnh danh
mc cc loi my tnh cm tay c mang vo phng thi, trong c nhiu loi my tnh c
th s dng gii nhanh cc bi ton Vt l, gim ti thiu thi gian lm bi thi ca hc
sinh. Qua nhiu nm ging dy mn Vt l, bi dng hc sinh gii Vt l v hc sinh gii
gii ton Vt l bng my tnh cm tay, ti a ra ti ny nhm mc ch cung cp cho
gio vin cng nh hc sinh mt s kinh nghim trong vic s dng my tnh cm tay
kim tra nhanh c kt qu cc bi ton Vt l.
Trn thc t c nhiu loi my tnh cm tay h tr tt vic gii cc bi ton Vt l, ti
chn hng dn trn my tnh Casio fx 570MS v n c gi r v thng dng trong danh mc
thit b c cung cp trng THPT( trng c cp 40 my tnh cm tay Casio fx
570MS), cng nh hc sinh c hc v hng dn s dng trong mn ton theo chng
trnh ton 11. Ngoi ra cn cc loi my h tr hin th t nhin cc biu thc ton nh
Casio(VN) fx 570MS, Casio(VN) fx 570ES,
II. Nhim v nghin cu:
i vi khi 10, 11: Gip hc sinh nng cao k nng s dng my tnh kim tra
nhanh kt qu cc bi tp vt l.
i vi khi 12: Gip hc sinh nng cao k nng s dng my tnh gii nhanh cc
bi tp vt l. Nhm p ng mt phn k nng vn dng gii ton vt l ca hc sinh
trong cc k thi tt nghip, cao ng v i hc.

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Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

Nm hc 2010-2011
i vi gio vin: Gip gio vin nng cao k nng s dng my tnh kim tra
nhanh kt qu cc bi tp vt l bng my tnh cm tay.
III. i tng nghin cu:
Hc sinh khi 10, 11, 12 v gio vin ging dy b mn Vt l
Chng trnh Vt l 10, 11, 12.
Phng php gii cc bi tp Vt l 10, 11, 12.
IV. Phng php nghin cu:
1. Nghin cu l lun v dy hc bi tp Vt l.
2. Nghin cu chng trnh Vt l THPT c bi tp lin quan n vect v phng trnh
dao ng.
3. La chn cc dng bi tp ph hp vi ni dung, kin thc ca ti.

Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

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Nm hc 2010-2011
B. Ni dung.

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

I. Phng php bi ton Vt l bng s phc.

Bnh thng cc bi ton v vect gio vin hng dn hc s dng hnh hc kt hp cc
cng thc lng gic gii. Khi s dng my tnh Casio fx 570MS tm nhanh kt qu khi
phi hp hnh hc v tnh nng h tr ca my tnh cm tay.
C th vn dng gii cc bi ton:
Tng hp, phn tch vect: Chng trnh 10, 11.
Tng hp dao ng iu ho: Chng trnh 12.
Lp biu thc in p, dng in xoay chiu: Chng trnh 12.
1. C s ca phng php:

r
Da vo phng php biu din s phc: z = a + bi thng qua vect r .
Trong : r =

a 2 + b 2 ; tan =

b
a

Khi vic tng hp tnh ton cng tr vect s a v bng vic s dng cc php cng,
tr s phc.

Cch s dng vi my tnh cm tay Casio fx 570MS:

r
Nhp biu thc r s l: r
2. Hng dn dng vi my tnh cm tay Casio fx 570MS:
Quy c: Chn mt vect lm chun(trc thc) = 0 , sau xc nh s o gc ca cc
vect th 2, th 3theo chiu dng quy c ca ng trn lng gic.
Bc chun b nhp s liu vo my. Chuyn ch dng s phc:
Bm Mode chn 2.

CMPLX D

Trn mn hnh c dng:

y ta s dng s o gc l (D), dng rad(Chuyn v R).

Cch nhp biu tng gc : nhn Shift + (-)
Bc ly kt qu. Sau khi nhp biu thc cng hoc tr vect.
Nhn =
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Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

- ly r (Vct kt qu):

Nm hc 2010-2011

Nhn Shift + + + =
-

ly (gc hp bi vect kt qu v vect chn lm gc:

Nhn Shift + =

3. p dng:
a. Cc bi ton tng hp vect.
Bi 1. (BT4/48 Sch Vt l 10NC) Mt ngi li xung d nh m my cho xung
chy ngang con sng rng 240m, mi xung lun hng vung gc vi b sng. Nhng do
nc chy nn xung sang b bn kia ti im cch bn d nh 180m v pha h lu v
xung i ht 1min? Xc nh vn tc ca thuyn so vi b sng.
Gii:

ur
v1 -Vn tc ca xung so vi nc sng.
uu
r
v2 -Vn tc ca nc sng so vi b.
ur
v3 -Vn tc ca xung so vi b sng.
ur ur r
uu
r
Ta c: v3 = v1 + v 2 ; vi v2 lm trc gc
Nhp vo my: (180/60) 0 + (240/60) 90
uu
r
Kt qu: v3 = r = 5m/s; = 53,130(Hp vi v2 ).
Bi 2. (BT6/63 Sch Vt l 10NC). Tm hp lc ca bn lc ng quy nh hnh:
Bit: F1 = 5N; F2 = 3N; F3 = 7N; F4 = 1N

Gii:

uu
r
uu
r
uu
r
uu
r
uu
r
Chn F3 lm trc gc. Khi ta c: F30; F290; F1180; F4 90
Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

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Nm hc 2010-2011
Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l
Nhp vo my: 7 0 + 3 90 + 5 180 + 1 (-90)
uu
r
Kt qu: F3 = r = 2,8284N = 2 2 N; = 450 (Hp vi F3 ).
Bi 3. Hai in tch im q1 = 8.10-8 C,q2 = 8.10-8C t ti hai im A, B trong khng kh
vi AB = 6cm. Xc nh vect lc tng hp tc dng ln q3 = - 8.10-8 C t C, bit CA = 8cm;
CB = 10cm.
Gii:

ln:

F1 = k .

q1.q3
= 9.10-3 N
2
AC

F2 = k .

q2 .q3
= 5,76.10-3 N
2
BC

tan( ACB ) = AB/AC = 6/8

ur uu
r uu
r
Lc tng hp: F = F1 + F2
uu
r
uu
r
Chn F1 lm trc gc. Khi F2 ACB
Nhp vo my: (9.10-3) 0 + (5,76.10-3) (tan-16/8)
-3

Kt qu: F = r = 14,04.10 N = 9.10

uu
r
2 N; = 14,250(Hp vi F1 v AC).

b. Cc bi ton tng hp dao ng.

Lu v c s ca phng php: Mt dao ng iu ho x = A cos(t + ) c biu
ur
din bng vect A v gc lch so vi trc thc.

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Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

Nm hc 2010-2011
ur
ur
Khi vect A quay quanh O vi tc gc th hnh chiu ca A ln trc thc Ox
s biu din dao ng iu ho: x = A cos(t + ) .
V d:
Cu 1. Mt vt thc hin ng thi hai dao ng iu ha, cng phng, cng tn s c

phng trnh : x1 = 3cos 4 t + ( cm )

3

x 2 = 3cos 4 t ( cm ) . Bin v pha ban

u ca dao ng tng hp l:
A. 3 3cm;

B. 2cm;

C. 2 3cm;

D. 3 3cm;

.
3

Gii:
Nhp vo my: 3 60 + 3 0
Kt qu: A = r = 5,196 = 3 3 cm; = 300 = /6 p n: A
Cu 2. ( TN THPT 2008). Hai dao ng iu ha cng phng, cng tn s, c

phng trnh l x1 = 6sin(t + )(cm) v x2 = 8sin(t )(cm). Dao ng tng hp ca

3
6
hai dao ng ny c bin :
A. 10 cm.

B. 2 cm.

C. 14 cm.

D. 7 cm.

Gii:
Nhp vo my: 6 60 + 8 (-30)
Kt qu: A = r = 10cm p n: A
Cu 3. (H2010)Dao ng tng hp ca hai dao ng iu ha cng phng, cng tn s
c phng trnh li x = 3cos( t

5
) (cm). Bit dao ng th nht c phng trnh li
6

x1 = 5cos( t + ) (cm). Dao ng th hai c phng trnh li l

6

A. x2 = 8cos( t + ) (cm).
6
C. x2 = 8cos( t

5
) (cm).
6

B. x2 = 2cos( t

5
) (cm).
6

D. x2 = 2 cos( t +

) (cm).
6

Gii:
Nhp vo my: 3 (-150) - 5 30
Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

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Nm hc 2010-2011
Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l
0
Kt qu: A = r = 8cm; = -150 = -5/6 p n: C
Cu 4. (H2009). Chuyn ng ca mt vt l tng hp ca hai dao ng iu ha cng

phng. Hai dao ng ny c phng trnh ln lt l x1 = 4cos(10t + ) (cm) v

4
x2 = 3cos(10t

3
) (cm). ln vn tc ca vt v tr cn bng l:
4

A. 10 cm/s.

B. 80 cm/s.

C. 50 cm/s.

D. 100 cm/s.

Gii:
Nhp vo my: 4 (45) + 3 (-135)
Kt qu: A = r = 1cm vmax = A. = 10cm/s p n: A
Cu 5. (H2007). Hai dao ng iu ha cng phng c phng trnh ln lt l x1 =
4sin(t - /6)(cm) v x2 = 4sin(t - /2) (cm). Dao ng tng hp ca hai dao ng ny c
bin l:
A. 4 3cm
B. 2 2cm
C. 2 7cm
D. 2 3cm
Gii: Vi hm sin, vic tnh ton cng tng t.
Nhp vo my: 4 (-30) + 4 (-90)
Kt qu: A = r = 6,93cm = 4 3cm p n: A
c. Cc bi ton v in xoay chiu.
Lu v c s ca phng php: Trong biu din vi in xoay chiu.

Quy c nhp:
Cc i lng trong in
xoay chiu
R Phn thc
ZL Phn o dng
ZC Phn o m
u = U0cos(t + )(V )
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Biu din di dng s phc

R
ZLi
- ZCi
U0 ( )
Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

Nm hc 2010-2011
Cc cng thc tnh: Do c th nhm vi dng in i nn, i trong s phc c thay bng
j.
+ Tng tr: Z = R + ZLj - ZCj
Kt qu: Z = r ; cho bit lch pha ca in p so vi dng in.
+ Biu thc dng in: i =

u
u
=
= I 0i
Z R + Z L j ZC j

Kt qu: I0 = r ; i l pha ban u ca dng in.

+ Biu thc uc: uL = i.(ZLj); uC = i.(-ZCj)
Kt qu: U0C = r ; l pha ban u ca in p hai u C.
V d:
Bi tp: Cho on mch xoay chiu nh hnh v. Biu thc in p hai u on mch c
biu thc: u = 100 2 cos(100t)(V).
Cho bit L = 0,5/ (H), C = 104/ (F), r = 10(), R = 40().

1. Tnh tng tr v vit biu thc dng in tc thi trong mch.

2. Lp biu thc in p hai u cun dy, biu thc in p hai u on mch AM.
Gii:
Cm khng: ZL = L = 50; Dung khng ZC =

1
= 100.
C

1. Tng tr: Z = (r + R) + ZLj ZCj = 50 2 (-450)

Kt qu: Tng tr 50 2 ; lch pha ca u/i: -/4
- Biu thc i: i =

U 0
= (100 2)0 : (10 + 40 + 50 j 100 j ) = 245
r + R + Z L j ZC j

Vy: i = 2cos(100t + /4)(A)

2. Biu thc ucd: ucd = i.Zcd = (2 45)x(10 + 50j) = 102 123,70 = 2,4rad
Vy: ucd = 102cos(100t + 2,4)(V)
Biu thc hai u on mch AM:
UAM = i.ZAM = (2 45)x(40 - 100j) = 215,4 123,70 = -0,4rad
Vy: ucd = 215,4cos(100t - 0,4)(V)
Bi tp trc nghim.

Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

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Nm hc 2010-2011
Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l
Cu 1. (TN 2007). Mt on mch gm cun dy thun cm c t cm L = 1/ (H) mc
ni tip vi in tr thun R = 100. t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th xoay chiu u
= 100 2 cos100t (V). Biu thc cng dng in trong mch l:
A. i = cos(100 t + / 2)( A).

B. i = 2 cos(100 t / 6)( A).

C. i = 2 cos(100 t + / 4)( A).

D. i = cos(100 t / 4)( A).

Gii: Tnh ZL = 100; Ta c: i =

u
Z

Nhp vo my: (100 2 ) 0:(100+100j) = 1 (-45 = -/4)

Kt qu: i = cos(100 t / 4)( A). p n: D
Cu 2. (TN 2008). Cng dng in chy qua t in c biu thc i = 10 2 cos100t(A).
Bit t in c C =

250
F . Hiu in th gia hai bn ca t in c biu thc l:

A. u = 200 2 cos(100 t + / 2)(V ) .

B. u = 100 2 cos(100 t / 2)(V ) .

C. u = 400 2 cos(100 t / 2)(V ) .

D. u = 300 2 cos(100 t + / 2)(V ) .

Gii: Tnh ZC = 40
Nhp vo my: (10 2 ) 0x(-40j) = 565,69 (- 90) = 400 2 (- /2)
Kt qu: uoC = 400 2 cos(100t /2)V p n: C
Cu 3. (H 2009). t in p xoay chiu vo hai u on mch c R, L, C mc ni tip.
Bit R = 10, cun cm thun c L =

1
103
(H), t in c C =
(F) v in p gia hai u
10
2

cun cm l u L = 20 2 cos(100 t + / 2) (V). Biu thc in p gia hai u on mch l:

A. u = 40cos(100 t / 4) (V)

B. u = 40 2 cos(100 t + / 4) (V).

C. u = 40cos(100 t + / 4) (V).

D. u = 40 2 cos(100 t / 4) (V).

Gii: Tnh: ZL = 10; ZC = 20

Ta c: u = i.Z =

u L .Z
ZL

Nhp vo my: (20 2 ) (/2)x(10 + 10j - 20j):(10j) = 40 (-0,785=-/4)

Kt qu: u = 40cos(100t - /4) p n: A
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Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

II. Phng php gii bi ton vt l dng tch phn.

Nm hc 2010-2011

1. Hng dn dng vi my tnh cm tay Casio fx 570MS:

My tnh cm tay Casio fx 570MS thc hin cc php tnh o hm bc nht, vi
phn bc nht v tch phn mt lp mt cch d dng. C th p dng cho cc bi ton
Vt l lin quan n cc bin nh: Vn tc, gia tc Vic dng my tnh cm tay s a
chng ta n kt qu bng s cui cng ch khng a ra cng thc tng qut.
Cch bm my khi tnh o hm v tch phn:
- o hm: d/dx(hm s, a). gi tr ng vi x0 = a
Cch nhp: Shift d/dx <hm s> , <gi tr ca bin s> = .
<Hm s> c vit di dng mt bin X, ta c th dng cc php tnh c th
trong my v phm Anpha X lp hm s.

- Tch phn: ( hm s, cn di, cn trn)

Cch nhp: dx <hm s> , < cn di>,<cn trn > = .

<Hm s> c vit di dng mt bin X, ta c th dng cc php tnh c th
trong my v phm Anpha X lp hm s.
Lu : Dng ton ny thng c bi dng cho hc sinh gii i thi gii
ton bng my tnh Casio. p dng cho cc bi ton tnh vn tc trung bnh, cng
ca qu trnh nhit
2. p dng:
a. Dng o hm.
Bi 1: Mt cht im chuyn ng theo phng trnh x = 3t2 4t + 2 (x o bng
m, t o bng s). Hy tnh vn tc ca cht im ti thi im t = 10s.
Gii:
Vn tc l o hm bc nht ca to theo thi gian: v = x
Nhp vo my: SHIFT
Trong my c dng:

d x

3ALPHA X x2 - 4ALPHA X + 2 ) , 10 ) =
d/dx(3X2 4X + 2,10)

Kt qu: 56m/s
Bi 2: Mt cht im dao ng iu ho vi phng trnh x = 4cos(2t + /3)(cm)
(t tnh bng s). Hy tnh vn tc ca cht im ti thi im t = 0,5s.
Gii:
Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

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Nm hc 2010-2011
Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l
Vn tc l o hm bc nht ca to theo thi gian: v = x
Nhp vo my:

d/dx(4cos(2X + /3,0.5)

Kt qu: 21,77cm/s = 4 3 cm/s

b. Dng tch phn.
C s gii cc bi ton: Bit to phng trnh vn tc, xc nh to thi im t.
v = x' =

dx
dx = vdt x =
dt

t2

t1

vdt

Bi 1: Mt xe t ang chuyn ng vi vn tc 36km/h th hm phanh, xe chuyn ng

chm dn vi gia tc c ln 2m/s2. Hy tnh qung ng m xe i c trong giy th ba
tnh t lc xe bt u hm phanh.
Gii:
a. Ta c vn tc ca xe: v = 10 - 2t =

dx
dx = (10 2t )dt
dt

Vy: Qung ng xe i trong giy th ba(t giy th 2 n giy th 3) l:

s=

(10 2t )dt

Nhp vo my: (10 2 X , 2,3)

Kt qu: 5m.
Bi 2: (Gii ton bng my tnh 2009_QG). T cao h = 30m so vi mt t, mt vt
c nm theo phng ngang vi tc v0 = 15m/s. B qua mi ma st. Hy tnh tc trung
bnh ca vt trong khong thi gian t = 2s u tin.
Gii: Ly g =10m/s2.
Ta c: vx = v0; vy = gt v =

v02 + ( gt ) 2 =

dx
x=
dt

Vy: Qung ng vt ri trong 2s u tin: s =

v02 + ( gt ) 2 dt

152 + (10t ) 2 dt

Tc trung bnh ca vt trong 2s u tin: v = s =

t

Nhp vo my: (
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152 + (10t ) 2 dt
2

(152 + (10 X ) 2 ),0, 2) : 2

Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

Kt qu: 18,6795m/s

Nm hc 2010-2011

Bi 3: (Gii ton bng my tnh 2010_QG). Cho

mch in nh hnh. Ngun in c sut in ng E = 6V,
in tr trong r = 0,5, cun thun cm c L= 0,5H, in tr R
= 4,7. Ban u kho k m, sau ng kho k.
a. Tm cng dng in cc i I0 trong mch.
b. Xc nh khong thi gian k t lc ng kho k n lc dng in trong mch t gi
tr 0,65I0.
Gii:
a. Dng in t cc i khi dng in trong mch n nh. Cun cm L khng nh
hng ti mch in. p dng nh lun m cho ton mch:
I0 =

E
6
=
= 1,1538 A
r + R 0,5 + 4,7

b. Khi k ng, dng in tng t 0 n I0. trong cun dy xut hin sut in ng t cm:
e=-L

di
(chng li s tng ca i)
dt
di
L
Do ta c: i =
dt L di = E i (r + R) dt =
di
r+R
dt
E i(r + R)
EL

Vy: Thi gian k t lc ng kho k n lc dng in trong mch t gi tr 0,65I0.

0,65 I 0

t=

L
di
E i (r + R)

Nhp vo my: (0.5 :(6 (0.5 + 4.7) X ),0,0.65 x1.1538)

Kt qu: 0,1009s

Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

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Nm hc 2010-2011
C. Kt qu:

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

Trong nm hc ny ti c nh trng phn cng ging dy hc sinh khi 12 v bi

dng hc sinh gii b mn Vt l thi vng Tnh. Trong qu trnh ging dy bi tp phn tng
hp dao ng v lp biu thc in p tc thi, dng in tc thi ti thy hc sinh gp kh
khn trong vic nh cng thc gii cc bi ton . Nhng khi hng dn gii trc tip cc
bi ton phn ny bng my tnh cm tay th a phn hc sinh u lm tt.
Kt qu hc sinh gii b mn cp Tnh t gii ba, thi gii ton trn my tnh cm tay t
gii khuyn khch v tham gia thi vng khu vc.
i vi gio vin, ti cng thc hin chuyn ny trong bui sinh hot chuyn mn
v c gio vin trong t nh gi cao v tnh ng dng.
Hc sinh s dng my tnh Casio fx 570ES c h tr hin th t nhin cc biu thc ton
th kt qu chnh xc hn.
D. Kt lun:
Trong qu trnh gii cc bi tp vt l hay ton, ho hc sinh thng s dng my tnh
h tr trong vic tnh ton. Nhng vic gii trc tip cc bi ton bng my tnh cm tay
c th lm hc sinh b qua nhng c s ca kin thc vt l, kh nng trnh by bi gii... Do
, i vi hc sinh khi 10, 11 gio vin nn hng dn trn c s hc sinh s dng my
tnh cm tay kim tra kt qu cc bi ton lm. i vi hc sinh khi 12, phng php
dng my tnh cm tay gii nhanh nhng bi ton dng ny li l u im trong thi trc
nghim, nhng cng nn hng dn s dng my tnh gii cc bi ton dng ny sau khi hc
sinh nm vng c s ca phng php gii thng thng. Tt nht gio vin nn cung cp
phng php gii nhanh bng my tnh cm tay cho hc sinh trong qu trnh n tp chng
hoc n tp hc k.
E. Ti liu tham kho:
1. Bi tp vt l 12(C bn + Nng cao).

Nguyn Th Khi-V Thanh Khit

2. Hng dn s dng my tnh Casio fx 570MS

Nguyn Vn Trang

3. Tham kho cc thi H-C-TN THPT

B GD-T

Ngi thc hin

Phm Vn Trung

Trang 14

Thc hin: Phm Vn Trung

Sng kin kinh nghim Vt l

F. nh gi:

Nm hc 2010-2011

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