Quy trnh ch bin mt i nhuyn Li m u Vi nhp sng dn dp ca cuc sng hin i khin cho nhu cu ca ngi tiu dng

g c nhng thay i ng k trong nhng nm gn y. Xu hng tiu dng nghing v nhng sn phm tin li, c th chun b d dng v c li cho sc khe. Cng vi nhng bc tin t ph mi trong lnh vc cng ngh thc phm th vn ny khng cn l mt iu tr ngi. Ngy nay, chng ta c th d dng mua c mt sn phm a thch bt c u. Cng ngh thc phm mang li cho chng ta mt trin vng mi v thc phm m trc y chng ta cha c ci nhn nhn su sc v n. Chnh v iu , nhm chng em xin gi ti c v cc bn mt s kin thc m chng em tm hiu trong thi gian gn y vi ti l Tm hiu quy trnh ch bin Mt i Nhuyn. Do thi gian c hn cng nh nhng tr ngi v thc t nn nhm khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st, s sut. Mong c v cc bn gp bi tiu lun thm sng ng v hon ho hn. Nhm xin chn thnh cm n! I. Gii thiu 1. Tng quan v mt qu Mt qu l cc sn phm ch bin t qu ti hoc t qu bn ch phm (pur qu, nc qu, qu sunfit ho) nu vi ng n kh 65-70%. ng cho vo mt qu khng ch tng v ngt m cn bo qun sn phm. T bo vi sinh vt trng thi co nguyn sinh nn b ngng hot ng. V vy nhiu loi mt nu xong c th khng cn thanh trng. Mt s loi mt khc c kh thp hn cn phi thanh trng vi thi gian ngn, ch yu dit nm men, nm mc, cn vi khun khng pht trin trong mt qu do mt c ng cao. Phn ln cc loi mt cn c ng nht nh. Cht to ng c sn trong qu l pectin. Trng hp cn tng ng ca sn phm, ngi ta pha thm pectin bt, pectin c c, agar-agar (thch) hoc cc loi qu giu pectin (nh to). Mt qu c ch bin nhiu dng, c th phn loi thnh cc dng sau: - Mt ng - Mt nhuyn - Mt ming ng - Mt rim - Mt kh

2. Mt nhuyn Mt nhuyn ch bin t pur qu, c th dng ring mt chng loi hoc hn hp nhiu loi qu, c th dng pur qu ti hay pur qu bn ch phm. Ty theo c ca sn phm m quy nh t l ng pha vo pur qu. Loi mt nhuyn c ng trong khay g yu cu c c cao hn loi mt nhuyn thng ng trong hp st, l thu tinh hay loi ng trong thng g kn. T l phi ch nh sau: Bng 8.1. T l phi ch mt nhuyn

Tuy c khc nhau, t l phi ch khc nhau, nhng cc loi mt u c kh l 6667%. tng ng, c th pha thm pectin hoc agar-agar. Sn phm thng c ng gi trong bao b thy tinh hoc cc thng g (10 -50l) v tin hnh thanh trng i vi bao b thy tinh. Sn phm mt i thuc mt nhuyn c mu c trng ca i. y l mt cht lng st thng c n chung vi bnh m hoc c th phi trn lm cc loi thc ung. II. Nguyn liu 1. i 1.1. c im thc vt i ta l loi cy n qu thng xanh lu nm, thuc h o kim nng, c ngun gc t Brasil. Tri i thuc h sim, c tn khoa hc l Psidium guajava. Bn cnh mi v thm ngon, c v i, ht i v phn rut i bn trong u mang li nhiu gi tr dinh dng v li ch cho sc khe.

Cy i nh hn cy vi, nhn, c th cao ti 10m, ng knh thn ti a 30cm. Nhng ging mi cn nh v ln hn na. Thn cy chc, khe, ngn v phn cnh sm. Thn nhn nhi rt t b su c, v gi c th trc ra tng mng pha di. Cnh non 4 cnh, khi gi mi trn dn, l i xng. Hoa lng tnh, bu h, mc tng chm 2, 3 chic, t khi u cnh m thng nch l, cnh 5, mu trng, nhiu nh vng, ht phn nh rt nhiu, phi cng nhiu. Ngoi hoa th phn d dng nhng cng c th t th phn Qu to t 4 5g n 500 700 g gn trn, di thun hoc hnh ch l. Ht nhiu, trn gia mt khi tht qu mu trng, hng, vng. T khi th phn n khi qu chn khong 100 ngy 1.2. Thnh phn ha hc Hm lng cc ch trong 100g i Thnh phn Cht x Protein Cht bo Can xi Pht pho St Vitamin A Magie Natri Km ng Mangan Vitamin B1 Hm lng 2,8-5,5 g 0,9-1,0 g 0,1-0,5g 9,1-17 mg 17,8-30 mg 0,30-0,70 mg 200-400 I.U 10-25 mg 3 mg 0.230 mg 0.103 mg 0.144 mg 0.046 mg

Vitamin B2 Vitamin C

0.03-0.04 mg 100-500 mg

Qu i c xem nh mt tri cy b dng, ngun cung cp cc sinh t A v C (ty ging 100 gram c th cho n 1 gram Vitamin C), a s sinh t tp trung trong phn tht st vi lp v mng bn ngoi qu. i c dng n sng hay ch to thnh bnh nho (custard), kem v nc gii kht, v cc loi mt. 1.3. Cng dng ca i Ngn nga ung th: Nhiu nghin cu y hc cho thy thnh phn chit xut t l i c th gip ngn nga bnh ung th. Hn na, rut qu i cng cha cht lypocene cao, tc dng chng ung th. Folate trong i cng gip ngn nga ung th d dy. Gim au nhc, vim nhim, sng ty: cc cht trong i c tnh kim t nhin nn c th gip khng khun, ty u. Cha tiu chy, kit l: gip ch cho d dy, phng nga bnh tiu chy. Hn na, cn ngn cn s pht trin ca vi khun v chng tit dch rut, gip ngn nga v cha chng kit l. Phng to bn: nh trong i cha ngun cht x cao. c bit ht i cho tc dng nhun trng. Chng cm lnh: Mt ly nc p i ti c th gip bn gim cc triu chng cm lnh nh gim ho, ty m, thng ng h hp do trong i cha ngun vitamin C cao, cc cht chng oxy ha v in gii Gim cn: i cng c li ch trong vic gim cn v cha nhiu cht x, vitamin v cc khong cht 2. ng Saccharose l cht ngt c nhiu nht trong sn xut mc . Saccharose cn gi l ng knh ,c cng thc phn t C12H12O11 , dng tinh th mu trng , d tan trong nc v tan tng theo nhit . ng gip to gel tt, tng hng v v tng thi gian bo qun. ng s dng l ng trng, khng dng ng vng v c th lm gim gi tr cm quan ca sn phm Cht lng saccharose theo TCVN 1696-75 Cc ch tiu Hm lng saccharose m Loi 1 99.67% 0.07% Loi 2 99.45% 0.12%

Cht kh Cht tro Cht khng tan Mu Mi V 3. Nc

0.15% 0.17% 0.1% 0.15% 170 mg/kg 200 mg/kg Trng ng nh Trng sng Bnh thng, khng c mi l. Ngt thanh, khng c v l

L dung mi ha tan cc cht. Trong qu trnh ch bin ngun nc s dng phi m bo v sinh v t cc tiu chun ca B Y T 4. Acid Gp phn to hng v v ng cho sn phm. Trong i c mt lng acid ng k nhng trong quy trnh nn b sung thm acid a pH v 3 3,5 pectin to gel. Acid s dng l acid citric Acid Citric c cng thc phn t l C6H8 O7 .H 2O ,dng tinh th mu trng , d tan trong nc hoc cn, kh tan trong etylen. Acid Citric c v chua du hn nhiu so vi cc acid thc phm khc nn thng c dng lm cht iu v cho sn phm mt. III. Quy trnh ch bin mt i nhuyn

Thuyt minh quy trnh 1. La chn phn loi x l i trc khi a vo ch bin phi qua cc cng on phn loi loi b cc tp cht v su bnh c th b nhim trong qu trnh bo qun v vn chuyn. Phn loi chn nhng qu c chn, kch thc ng u thun li cho qu trnh ch bin sau ny. Mc ch: Loi nhng qu khng tiu chun ch bin nh: mc, thi nhn, su bnh Loi b cc tp cht nh ct, si, rm..trc khi ra

- Tn dng c nhng qu h mt phn nhng c th s dng c m khng nh hng n cht lng sn phm

Cng on x l nhm loi b cc phn khng n c nh cung, cc phn b gip nt. Cng on ny c tin hnh th cng. Nhng ngi cng nhn s dng dao ct gt nhng phn khng n c hay b h. 2. Ra Mc ch Loi tr cc tp cht, bi, t ct bm xung quanh qu, ng thi lm gim 1 lng ln vi sinh vt. Yu cu i sau khi ra phi sch, khng b dp nt, t b tn tht cht dinh dng Nc ra phi l nc sch, m bo cc ch tiu ca B Y T. Nu dng ngun nc thin nhin nh sng h, ging th phi qua h thng lc v st trng bng clorua vi Qu trnh thc hin Qu trnh ra gm 2 giai on chnh - Ngm cho b cc vt bn - Ra xi loi sch cc vt bn Thit b: My ra sng lc My ra sng lc lm vic theo phng php xi. Nguyn liu trong qu trnh ra, do tc dng chuyn ng ca sng, b c st ln nhau, ln mt sng v c nc t trn phun xung xi sch. Do sng t nghing v tc dng lc 2 chiu ca sng lm cho nguyn liu chuyn lin tc t ch vo n ch ra. My dng ra cc loi nguyn liu nh qu trn cng hoc cc loi ht, ngoi ra cn dng lm ngui nguyn liu sau khi x l nhit. 3. Chn Mc ch - nh ch cc qu trnh sinh ha xy ra trong nguyn liu, gi mu sc ca nguyn liu khng hoc t b bin i i vi nguyn liu thc vt, di tc dng ca enzyme peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase trong cc nguyn liu thng xy ra qu trnh oxy ha cc cht cht, to thnh flobafen c mu en. Chn, hp, un nng lm cho h thng enzyme b ph hy nn nguyn liu khng b thm en.

- Lm thay i trng lng v th tch ca nguyn liu cc qu trnh ch bin tip theo c thun li - Gim t l tn tht nguyn liu v nng cao hiu sut ch bin - Mt khc, khi chn protopectin thy phn thnh pectin ha tan, lm cho vic bc v b ht nhanh v ph liu t. Lm tng thm thu ca cht nguyn sinh, lm cho dch bo thot ra d dng - ui kh c trong gian bo ca nguyn liu - Nhm hn ch tc dng ca Oxy xy ra trong hp, trnh phng hp, n mn v hp st, oxy ha vitamin - Lm cho rau qu c mu sng hn do ph hy mt s cht mu - Lm gim lng vi sinh vt bm trn b mt ca nguyn liu - Lm mm cu trc ca rau qu, to iu kin d dng khi cho vo bao b hoc tch v, ht ra khi tht qu Thit b s dng Dng c thit b chn: ni hai v h cng sut 200kg/gi 4. Ch Mc ch - Phn chia nguyn liu rau qu c cu to mm thnh 2 phn: phn lng qua ry sn xut sn phm chnh, phn b cn li trn ry - To ng nht, thun li cho qu trnh ch bin v sau Thit b

Nguyn tc ca qu trnh ch l lm cho tri i b p mnh v b mt ry c ng knh nh. Phn lt qua ry l pure, phn b gi li l ht v b ch. Thit b c cu to bng thp khng r hn ch qu trnh oxy ha v gim thiu mt vitamin. ng knh l ry t 0,5 mm. 5. C c Mc ch : Qu trnh c c l bc quan trng nh hng n cht lng v cc ch tiu ca sn phm mt i. C c lm cho sn phm c nng cht kh cao tng gi tr dinh dng v cm quan, d bo qun. T gim thiu c chi ph bao b vn chuyn cng nh bo qun Qu trnh thc hin Lc u ng c nh lng v tin hnh ha tan bng nc nng v nng nhit ln 85 900C. Sau tin hnh phi trn trong thit b c c, mt na dung dch syrup c trn vi pur v c c nhit 80oC chn khng 5,88-7,84.104 N/m2 (0,60,8at). Khi kh ca hn hp trong ni c c t khong 50%, li ht nt nc ng cn li vo ni, ri tip tc c c n kh 63-64% th ph chn khng nng nhit sn phm ln khong 100oC tit trng. Khi kh t ti 66-67%, cho sn phm ra khi ni.

Thit b c c chn khng 6. Vo hp Sn phm c cha trong l thy tinh, l c mu trong sut tng gi tr cm quan cho sn phm. Thng thng, l thng c cc c 57g, 113g, 227g, 340g, hoc 454g. Hp c rt nng bi kh v hn ch s xm nhp ca vi sinh vt. Nhit rt > 700C v tin hnh ghp np. 7. Thanh trng Sau khi ghp np sn phm c a i thanh trng nhit 100 0C trong ni p sut c cha sn nc, nhit ca nc chnh lch so vi nhit hp l 10 15 0C, m bo mc nc cao hn sn phm 10 -15 cm, sau cho hi nc v khng kh nn vo a nhit n nhit thanh trng v to p sut i khng, gi trong thi gian 30 pht. Do bao b thy tinh kh nng truyn nhit km nn khi lm ngui phi tht ch , s dng cc tia nc phun vo np st ca hp khi nhit ca nc tng ln v chy xung hp thy tinh hn ch b hp do tnh dn n khng u ca thy tinh. Sn phm c lm ngui trong khong 30 pht ri h p sut thit b bng p sut kh quyn v ly sn phm ra, tip tc ngui ti nhit thng. Vi sn phm trong thng g ln ( 10 50 kg) th khng cn qua cng on thanh trng, sn phm c lm ngui trong thit b c c chn khng xung khong 50 0C sau chuyn vo nhng thng cha c v sinh sch s. Cc thng cha thng bng g v c trng mt lp parafin hoc lt ti polietilen trnh b ngm vo thng. Bo qun khong 6 thng nhit 10 15 0C m khng kh 70 -80%.

8. Dn nhn Sn phm sau khi lm ngui c a i dn nhn, v ng thng. Nhm thc hin: Nguyn Phi Long Nguyn Duy Gii ng Minh c Nguyn Tun Kit Phm Cao Minh Trung Nguyn Vn Cng V Ngc Ngn Sn Mong c v cc bn gp bi tiu lun c hon thin hn! Make a Comment Make a Comment: ( 38 so far ) Your Comment

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38 Responses to Quy trnh ch bin mt i nhuyn Comments RSS Feed nhm cho mnh hi Ch thanh trng? cha thy thi gian nng nhit l bao lu? Trn Th Kim Dung Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li cho T hoi 1. Ti sao bn khng nu syrup ring ri phi trn, nh vy mnh c th d dng kim sot c cc thng s hn. 2. Cng on ch thc hin nh th no ? th cng hay dng my mc, nhat tuong Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li cm n kin ca bn. Nhm mnh chnh sa v post li quy trnh c th. Mong cc bn tham kho li v gp thm minh c ng Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li cho cc bn, cho mnh hi: 1. Tri i c cu trc cng nh vy m ti sao cc bn khng nghin xay trc qu trnh ch nng cao hiu qu ca qu trnh ch? Le Han Luong Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li

i s dng l i chn v qua qu trnh chn nn cu trc mm hn. Nu bn nghin trc ht c th b nt kh khn loi b. B qua cng on nghin mnh s tit kim c thi gian v kinh t hn minh c ng Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li cho cc bn, cho mnh hi: 1. Qui trnh ca bn l qui trnh sn xut jam-mt ng dng c i t puree i hay l sn xut Nectar? Le Han Luong Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li y l mt i nhuyn c lm t pure i khc vi mt ng (lm t dch qu), khc vi nectar (nc qu). Cn mt nhuyn c c, nng ng cao Duy Gioi Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li cho minh hoi nhiet do va thoi gian chan, co the tach rieng phan vo hot roi xu ly rieng phan hot khong Nguyen Thi HIen Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li Bn xem li quy trnh mi cp nht nh! C th tch phn ht ri x l ring theo bn nhng s mt thi gian v nhiu nhn cng, vic tch phn ht bng thit b l kh kh do loi i chn kch thc khng ln.

Minh Trung Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li Mt i i, mnh ko lm c mn mt i ny khi bn ch cho mnh c mt qui trnh ko thng s nh vy. C v bn ni ting v c nhiu cu hi v bn ang c qu nhiu b mt cng ngh cn bo mt. Administrator Thng Su 27, 2010

Tr li Quy trnh s sm hon thin nh cc cu hi ca cc bn. Cm n s cng tc nhit tnh. Duy Gioi Thng Su 27, 2010

Tr li bn i, mnh khng hiu ch ny, ch m ch qua ry vi lc b ht y. ch qua ry vi ng knh l 1-1,5mm h? ch ch ri lc ht lun hay sao vy?nu khng th lc ht bng cch no? Phm Th Ngc Lm Thng Su 27, 2010

Tr li sau khi chn th tin hnh ch qua ry, ti y ht v b s c loi b lun. Ht c kch thc ln s b gi li. (Cng on lc trong quy trnh l khng chnh xc lm) Cm n bn gp !! minh c ng Thng Su 27, 2010

Tr li

Ch thanh trng ca sn phm ny nh th no vy bn?? Trn Nh Linh Thng Su 27, 2010

Tr li quy trnh ny khng s dng cht bo qun ah? Nu vy th hn s dng ca sn phm l bao lu? L Th Hng Thng Su 27, 2010

Tr li Nng ng cao, pH thp,thm x l thanh trng nn khng dng thm cht bo qun. Thi hn s dng l mt cu hi kh vi bt k loi sn phm no, sn phm ny c hn s dng tham kho l 1 nm, nhng sau 9 thng c th cht lng gim. Duy Gioi Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li mnh khng thy bn c giai on bo n. bn khng bi kh h. mnh thy bn ghp np ri thanh trng lun tin th cho mnh hi bn thanh trng ch no.bn ngui t nhin hay lm ngui trong thuet61 b thanh trng lun? nguyen thi phi phung phiphung Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li Vo hp nhit cao l mt cch bi kh, vi sn phm bao b thy tinh sau thanh trng s c lm ngui t t hn ch b hp. Bn thn mt t n c nhng yu t hn ch VSV, thm na kt cu dng keo nn vic bo n khng qu quan trng so vi cc sn phm hp khc.

Duy Gioi Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li mnh mun bit bn loi b v i bng cch no? bn s dng loi bao b no?nu l thy tinh th rt nng c nh hng g n bao b k? bn s dng loi i no? da vo u phn loi, la chn nguyn liu? tran huu hoang minh hoang minh Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li Loi i d tnh l loi i rut , chn, v i mm nn s khng loi v, nguyn liu la chn bng cm quan. Trc khi rt th nhit ca bao b cng tng do qu trnh ra nn khng s h do thy tinh dn n khng u. Duy Gioi Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li Mnh thc mc ti sao sau khi c c, nhit vo hp >70C,nhit c th thp hn c khng?chng hn nh khong 50C hoc thp hn. m bo cho cht lng mt tt hn Nguyn Th Ho Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li nhit v hp >70 hn ch nhim VSV a nng. S lng VSV nhiu lm ko di thi gian thanh trng nh hng cht lng mt. Hn na sau c c nhit cn cao, h nhit l ko di thi gian ch bin. Administrator Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li Vic h nhit xung s rt mt thi gian, v hp nhit >70 gip ngn nga VSV a nng. Thi gian thanh trng ngn hn do s lng VSV nhim vo c hn ch. Administrator Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li Thi gian c c l bao nhiu? i nguyn liu s dng l i g? C cng bao nhiu? Sn phm mt i nhuyn c cha v khng? Cho mnh hi, hp bn s dng l loi hp no? V i M Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li - Tht qu x l c trn vi ng& acid citric vi t l l bao nhiu th ph hp?,mnh cm thy 0.2 0.25% l qu t. Theo ti liu v qu trnh thc hnh nng sn mnh c bit lng acid citric=0.5% tht qu l ph hp. Cc bn c am ngm hn hp cho ngm ng khng? Thi gian bao lu ph hp? Hay em i c c lun? Nguyn Th Ho Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li sau khi ch pure c c c vi ng thng theo t l 1:1 ( hm lng cht kh trong i khng cao nh cc loi qu khc nh thm, xoi). Hm lng acid cho vo ty thuc vo tnh cht nguyn liu, sn phm. pH dch pure yu cu l 3 3,5, lc ny pectin s to gel lm mt c c. Tin hnh c c lun ch khng c ngm minh c ng Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li bn i, cho mnh hi, pectin m bn ni l bn b sung vo hay l trong thnh phn ca i vy? Phm Th Ngc Lm Thng Su 27, 2010

Tr li hm lng pectin trong i c th to c cho sn phm. Tt nhin, trong nhiu trng hp ta c th b sung thm pectin t bn ngoi nu lng pectin trong i khng minh c ng Thng Su 28, 2010

Tr li cho mnh hi: bn cho acid citric vo vi mc ch chng hi ng ng khng? vy hm lng acid cho vo l bao nhiu khng lm nh hng n mi v c trng ca sn phm? M Lnh Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li mnh tham kho mt s quy trnh thng thng ngi ta cho acid citric t 0,2 0,25% minh c ng Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li cng on c c bn c c n nng cht kh l bao nhiu? C phi bn trn nc ng cng vi pure qu ngay t u ri tin hnh c c khng? V nc ng ca bn cho vo c nng bao nhiu? Ti sao bn khng dng ng tinh th trn vo m dng nc ng? Vnu bn dng nc ng cho vo th thi gian c c cng ko di, tn nhiu nng lng? Thay vo

 bn c th c c pure qu nn mt nng nht nh ri cho ng tinh th vo tip tc c c cho n khi t yu cu.Bn c kin g v cch xut ny khng? Mt thng c hm lng ng cao vy c cn thanh rng na hay khng? ti sao? Trn Th Xun Hng Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li Cht kh sau c c 66-67%. Do pure loi qu ny kh c dng trc tip ng c th gy caramen v mi nu o trn khng tt, ng c th ln tp cht vic ha tan nc s gip loi tp cht d dng hn. Nng nc ng 70%. C th dng theo cch ca bn nu m bo qu trnh khuy trn v tinh sch ca ng. C mt vi loi VSV c bit chu p sut thm thu kh cao Aspergilus Repens, Bact.gummosum, v vy mt s loi hp mt qu vn phi thanh trng. Duy Gioi Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li Bn cho mnh hi: - cng on lc b ht c lm bng tay hay s dng thit b g? - Hp s dng l loi hp j ph hp vi sn phm mt? - Ch thanh trng nh th no? V Th Kim Ngc Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li trong cc quy trnh lm mt nhuyn, ngi ta thng b sung pectin vo to c cho sn phm, sao cc bn khng s dng to cu trc sn phm p hn? Nguyn Th Thy Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li theo mnh tham kho th hm lng pectin trong i mt c th to c. Nhng bn c th hh iu cc bng cch b sung thm pectin ty vo yu cu ca bn v sn phm phi long Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li 1.trong qua trinh co dac, ban su dung ky thuat nao? co dac chan khong,co dac lien tuc? mhiet do co dac la bao nhieu? BICHLOAN Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li thit b s dng l c c chn khng. Nhit c c t 70 80C Vn Cng Thng Su 26, 2010

Tr li qu trnh chn thc hin nhit bao nhiu v thi gian l bao lu thun li cho qu trnh ch sau ny? (bi v mnh thy m t bo ca i cng cng, nu chn trong thi gian ngn s kh thc hin qu trnh ch) Hunh Th Minh Hng Thng Su 26, 2010