CM NANG XY NH

GII THIU
Li u tin, Cng Ty TNHH Ph in knh gi n u Khch Hng li cho
trn trng cng li chc sc khe v thnh cng!
CNG TY TNHH PH IN l n v chuyn sn xut v cung ng vt liu xy
dng cho th trng Qung Ngi, Qung Nam v Nng. Sn phm ca
chng ti bao gm:

Gch tuynel: gch 6 l, gch 4 l, gch 2 l, gch th c,...

Ngi lp: ngi mi tn, ngi mi hi, ngi p nc,...
Gch lt nn: gch lt trn, gch ch U,...
Gch block xy tng: gch block l rng, gch block c,...
Gch block lt h t chn: gch lc gic, gch bt gic, gch zc zc,
gch ch I, gch hoa th, gch hnh sao, gch vy c...

Sn phm ca chng ti thch hp cho cc cng trnh cng nghip cng nh

dn dng, t cc ta nh cao c, chung c, vn phng nh xng, resort cho
n cc cng trnh bit th, nh dn.
Vi li th ngun nguyn liu cht lng cao cng vi h thng dy chuyn
thit b hin i, cc sn phm ca Ph in lun p ng c nhng yu
cu kht khe nht t pha khch hng
CNG TY TNHH PH IN cam kt mang n cho Khch Hng s hi lng ti
a bng cc sn phm cht lng cao, ng tin vi gi thnh hp l nht.
Chng ti su tm v tng hp cun cm nang xy nh vi cc hng dn s
b v cc bc xy dng cng nh cch chn vt t, chi ph v mt s vn
phong thy cn xem xt khi t cc phng. Hy vng, s gip ch qu khch
hng trong vic xy dng c mt ngi nh m c.
Xin Trn trng knh cho,

MC LC
BC I. LP K HOCH XY NH ....................................................................... 2
A. Xc nh nhu cu: ...................................................................................... 2
B. K hoch ti chnh: ..................................................................................... 2
C. Cc bc chun b u tin: ......................................................................... 3
D. Lm vic vi kin trc s: ............................................................................ 3
E. Mt s bng v ch yu:.............................................................................. 4
F. Lp h s xin php xy dng:........................................................................ 4
G. La chn nh thu xy dng: ....................................................................... 5
H. K kt hp ng v chun b xy dng: .......................................................... 5

BC II. CHN VT LIU XY DNG V D TR CHI PH: ................................. 7

A. Chn vt liu xy dng: ............................................................................... 7
B. Biu phn b chi ph xy dng: ............................................................... 10

BC III. TIN HNH XY NH..........................................................................12

A. Chun b mt bng: .................................................................................. 12
B. Cc cng on cn thc hin: ..................................................................... 12
C. Biu mu kt ton chi ph vt t v chi ph nhn cng: ..................................... 14

BC IV. KIM TRA, NGHIM THU CNG TRNH V LM H S HON CNG: 20

A. Kim tra, gim st: ................................................................................... 20
B. Nghim thu: ........................................................................................... 20
C. Hon cng: ............................................................................................. 20

BC V. MT S VN V LU V PHONG THY CN XEM XT KHI SP XP

CC PHNG .......................................................................................................22
A. Phng khch: .......................................................................................... 22
B. Phng lm vic: ....................................................................................... 22
C. Phng ng: ............................................................................................. 23
D. Phng v sinh: ........................................................................................ 23
E. Cu thang: .............................................................................................. 23
F. Nh Bp: ................................................................................................ 24
G. Bn th: ................................................................................................ 24

LP K HOCH
XY NH

Cm nang xy dng nh
1

BC I. LP K HOCH XY NH
A. Xc nh nhu cu:
Trc ht cn hiu c cc nhu cu c bn ca gia nh nh din
tch xy dng, s lng phng c, v tr t mi phng, cc tin ch
thm nh gara, sn vn, h bi, khng gian d tr
Chn nh ph hp vi nhu cu gia nh: nh cp 4, nh tng hay bit
th.

u v s thay i trong tng lai rng gia nh s c thm ngi

nh m ci, con du, con r hay chu ni, chu ngoi
Nn tham kho kin ca tt c thnh vin trong gia nh trc khi
ra quyt nh cui cng.
B. K hoch ti chnh:
Cn d tr c chi ph xy nh nhm trnh trng hp khng
tin.
Chi ph c 2 loi: chi ph xy dng c bn ( xy th, trn v sn
nc) v chi ph trang tr ni tht ( thit b bung tm, my lnh, my
git, k kp g, rm ca, bn gh sofa, bp ga).
Chi ph xy dng c bn c tnh da vo s m2 xy dng. Kham
kho mc chi ph trn m2 ca cng loi nh gn thi im xy nht.
Nn trao i v kho gi cc cng ty xy dng.
Chi ph trang tr ni tht c th trang b t t sau khi ngi nh hon
thnh. Mc trang b ty vo tim lc ti chnh ca bn.
Lp k hoch cn thn khng nh hng n tnh trng chi tiu
hin ti ca gia nh. Nn d tr chi ph pht sinh thm t 10-30%
kp xoay s nhng khi cn thit.
Ngun tin xy nh c th ly t s tin tch ly c ca hai v
chng, s h tr t ba m hai pha.
Hoc c th vay mn thm t anh ch em rut tht, bn b thn
thit hay ng nghip.
Thm ch, c th vay t ngn hng lm chi ph xy dng.
Cm nang xy dng nh

C. Cc bc chun b u tin:
y l bc quan trng trc khi gp g v tho lun vi kin trc s, cm
xem xt v tm hiu:
Vn quyn s hu l t r rng gia cc th h, trnh tranh chp
v sau.
Quyn s hu nh v quyn s dng t.
Cc vn quy hoch ca khu vc hay thnh ph lin quan.
Vn nm trong quy nh v xy dng ca chnh quyn nh: khng
ch v chiu cao, tng sn, din tch xy dng, l gii hm
Vn quan h hng xm nh: din tch t, vch chung, li i, cy
xanh gn nh hai bn, h thng cp thot nc
Tm hiu v cc nh cung cp vt lu xy dng trn a bn, gi c
hp l, cht lng tt, cung cp ng tin cng trnh v iu kin
thanh ton linh hot.

D. Lm vic vi kin trc s:

M t chi tit nhu cu ca gia nh.
Trnh by cc tng thm m ca c nhn ch nh v gia nh.
Khng ngn ngi trao i cc bn khon cng nh thc mc lin quan
c t vn k cng.
Bn trc tip vi Kin Trc S cc thc mc v phong thy nh:
hng nh, hng t, cc b tr cc phng c thit k cho ph
hp.
Cn lng nghe li khuyn ca Kin Trc S v an ton v m thut.
Thit k nh phi tha mn cc yu cu v nhu cu sinh hot v thm
m ca ca cc thnh vin trong gia nh. Bn cnh phi ti u
ha din tch s dng, thit k phi thng thong, cy xanh v nh
sng y , hi ha kin trc xung quanh.

Cm nang xy dng nh

E. Mt s bng v ch yu:
H s bn v y gip cho vic thi cng hon thin cng trnh d dng v
nhanh hn. Cc bng v ng thi c nh km cng hp ng trnh
tnh trng sai lch v sau:
Phn phi cnh minh ha: bao gm phi cnh cng trnh chnh din,
phi cnh cc gc, phi cnh ni tht, cc phng, tiu cnh, ngoi
tht Phn phi cnh gip bn d hnh dung ngi nh thc t sau khi
xy dng.
Phn bn v k thut gm h s xin php xy dng, h s thit k s
b v h s thit k k thut thi cng.
H s xin php xy dng: bn v cc mt ct, mt ng, cc tng,
mng v s bn v in nc.
H s thit k s b: cc mt bng trin khai chi tit, mt ng, mt
ct v cc bn v phi cnh.
H s thit k k thut thi cng: l b h s y nht cn c thi
cng bao gm h s tnh ton kt cu, h s thit k in, h s thit
k cp thot nc, h s chng st, bo chy

F. Lp h s xin php xy dng:

in h Phng un l th hoc y ban Nhn dn phng c

hng dn chi tit.
V c bn h s xin php xy dng bao gm: bn sao giy chng
nhn quyn s dng t (c cng chng) v bn v thit k.
Bn v thit k th hin c v tr mt bng, mt ct, mt ng in
hnh; mt bng mng ca cng trnh; s v tr hoc tuyn cng
trnh; s h thng v im u ni k thut cp in, cp nc,
thot nc (vi cng trnh ci to, sa cha phi c nh chp hin
trng)

Cm nang xy dng nh

G. La chn nh thu xy dng:

C th la chn nh thu thng qua nhng ngi c kinh nghim
xy nh ri nh ngi thn, bn b, ng nghip hoc cc kin trc
s c kinh nghim.
C th i tham quan thc t mt s cng trnh nh thu thc hin.

uan st v hi ch nh cc thng tin cn thit.

a chn nh thu lnh ngh, thi cng c uy tn.

Gi c phi chng v m bo tin cng trnh.
H. K kt hp ng v chun b xy dng:
Chuyn h s thit k k thut thi cng cho nh thu.
Nh thu lp bng d ton chi ph nhn cng v khi lng.
So snh bng chi ph ca nh t vn thit k v nh thu bit r
chi ph tng mc c hp l.
Ty vo iu kin thi gian, c th k hp ng thi cng theo mt
trong ba phng thc sau:
+ Cha kha trao tay: giao ton b trch nhim v vt t v nhn cng
cho nh thu.
+ Ch nh lo mt phn vt t nh sn, thit b bp, in, nc, g v
nh thu thi cng v lo mt phn vt t ca phn th.
+ Ch nh lo vt t v nh thu ch thc hin thi cng: ch nh s t
lin h t mua gch, xi mng, st thp, , sn v nh thu ch tnh
cng thi cng.
Cn yu cu nh thu lp bng tin cng trnh chi tit v yu cu
vt t theo tng thi im n c cho kp tin .
Cn xem xt k iu kin thanh ton theo thi gian hay theo khi
lng cng trnh, ng thi cn lm r cc cch tnh chi ph pht sinh
phng khi c s thay i.
Cc cng trnh thng thng ko di t 4-6 thng, bit th ln c th
ko di c nm.

Cm nang xy dng nh

CHN VT LIU V
D TR KINH PH

Cm nang xy dng nh

BC II. CHN VT LIU XY DNG V D TR CHI PH:

A. Chn vt liu xy dng:
Tm kim cc nh cung cp c uy tn v m bo cht lng tin
cng trnh.
C th tm kim thng qua s gii thiu ca ngi thn hoc cc
thng tin Internet.
Thng qua cc i l hoc mt s cng ty c nhn vin kinh doanh ti
cho hng trc tip.
Kim tra iu kin thanh ton v mu m cng nh cht lng hng
trc khi t.
C th t hng trc v lu kho ti n v cung cp hn ch s
gia tng v gi c vo thi cao im, ng thi m bo tt tin
cung cp vt t cho cng trnh.
BNG TM TT LA CHN VT T
TT
01

02

VT T
Gch:
- L mt trong cc vt
liu chnh quan trng.
- La gch mu sc sng,
tng ng, hnh dng
chun.
- Mc 35.
- Thi cng khng b v
vn.
- Gch tt khi va vo
nhau to m thanh ken
ken.
Xi mng:
- Lin kt , nc hnh
thnh nhn to to
s vng chc cho cng
trnh.

Cm nang xy dng nh

NN DNG
- Mu m p, sng.
- Lm t t st 100%.
- La chn cc n v uy
tn, cht lng.
- C website v thng tin
r rng.
- Kch thc chun trn
th trng xy dng.

KHNG NN DNG
- Gch mu ti, sm.
- Gch th cng.
- Lm t t i.
- ht nc trn
18%
- V vn khi th t
cao 1m

- Uy tn, cht lng.

- Cc nh u t v thu
chn.

- Km cht lng,
khng r ngun gc.

03

04

05

06

07

09

- Vt liu khng th thay

th, chim 7-9% chi ph
xy th.
Thp:
- Chu lc ko v lc un
tt, nn thp c c
pha trong btng
tng kh nng chu lc
cn thit.
:
- m tng sc chu lc
cho b tng.
- 1x2, kch thc 1525mm.
Ct:
- Sn lc trc khi s
dng m bo loi b
cc cht bn to lin
kt cao.
Nc:
- ng nc ph hp s
gip xi mng thm vng
chc.
- Nc ging hay cc
ngun khc phi sch,
khng cht bn.
Btng:
- Nn s dng btng
mc 250
- C th trn trc tip
hoc mua li t cc n
v cung cp btng
chuyn nghip.
Ct pha:
- ng kch thc mi

Cm nang xy dng nh

- La chn thp tin dng

trn th trng, theo
kch c v hng dn
ca kin trc s, nh
thu.

- Thp b g, qua
mt thi gian di, cht
lng km.

- hnh khi, c gc
cnh.
- Sch tp cht.

- ht dp, tp cht
nhiu.

- Ct sch, ht to.

- Ct nhim phn,
nhim mn.
- Trong ct c t st,
sn hay cht bn.

- Nc sch t h thng
cp nc.

- Nc ao h, nc
sng nhim bn, du
m hay vn bn.

- Hn hp ng nht,
btng va do
kt.

- Btng phn tng,

nhiu nc.

- Kch thc chun.

- Phi cng, trnh

- Mo m, bin dng
khi vo khun s
8

m bo tt kh nng
chu lc ca btng.

Cm nang xy dng nh

cp pha h hng.

lm h hng hnh
dng btng.

B. Biu phn b chi ph xy dng:

Cm nang xy dng nh

10

TIN HNH
XY NH

Cm nang xy dng nh

11

BC III. TIN HNH XY NH

A. Chun b mt bng:
Tm kim ch thu nh tm.
Dn nh qua ch tm trc khi thi cng nh.
Ph v nh c (nu c).
Tp kt nguyn vt liu (nu khng c mt bng c th gi li ti
kho ca nh cung cp v gi hng theo t).
Lm lng tri cho cng nhn.
Lm hng ro che chn, vch ngn v bt ph cho cng trnh.
Chun b ngun in v nc sn sng cho thi cng.
B. Cc cng on cn thc hin:
1. Phn th:
ng cc hay p cc btng.
Lm phn mng, hm nh, ng cng, ng thot nc
v cc cng trnh ngm.
Lm khung nh v cc ng ng in, nc, truyn hnh
cp.
Xy th v t.
Lm mi.
Lp in, nc, mc.
2. Phn ni tht:
Sn trong, ngoi v chng thm.
Lt nn, ng trn.
Lp t cc thit b n, my lnh, bn nc
Lp t thit b v sinh.
Lm mc: ca chnh, ca s, bp, cu thang.
May mn, rm ca chnh v ca s.
Mua sm cc trang thit b ni tht khc nh sofa, tivi, t
lnh, my lnh
Cm nang xy dng nh

12

R sot v yu cu nh thu sa cha nhng ch c sai st.

Lm v sinh nh sch s trc khi dn n .

3. Phn ngoi tht:

Phn ngoi tht l mt phn trong kin trc nh v quyt
nh v p ca ngi nh trc khi bc vo cc khng gian
sinh hot bn trong.
Trang tr hin nh, cng ng , tng ro
Lt nn sn vn.
To h nc, tiu cnh, bn hoa.
Trng thm c, cy xanh.

Cm nang xy dng nh

13

C. Biu mu kt ton chi ph vt t v chi ph nhn cng:

1) GCH
STT Ngy

Loi gch

S lng

n Gi

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

Tng cng:
2) XI MNG
STT Ngy

Khi lng

n Gi

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

Tng cng:
Cm nang xy dng nh

14

3) THP
STT Ngy

Loi thp

S lng

n gi

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

Tng cng:
4)
STT Ngy

Kch thc

S lng

n gi

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

Tng cng:
Cm nang xy dng nh

15

5) CT
STT Ngy

Th tch

n gi

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

n gi

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

Tng cng:
6) BTNG:
STT Ngy

Th tch

Tng cng:
Cm nang xy dng nh

16

7) CP PHA:
STT Ngy

Loi

S lng

n gi

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

n gi

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

Tng cng:
8) CC LOI VT T KHC:
STT Ngy
Vt liu
S lng

Tng cng:
Cm nang xy dng nh

17

9) NHN CNG:
Stt
Phn nhn cng
01 o mng
02 ng cc
03 ng cppha
04 btng
05 Xy v t
06 Lt nn
07
t
08 in
09 Nc
10 Sn
11 Mc
12

S cng

Gi cng

Thnh tin

Ghi ch

13
14
15
16
17
18
19

Tng cng:

Cm nang xy dng nh

18

KIM TRA V NGHIM

THU CNG TRNH

Cm nang xy dng nh

19

BC IV. KIM TRA, NGHIM THU CNG TRNH V LM H S

HON CNG:
A. Kim tra, gim st:
Trong qu trnh thi cng ch nh cn xem xt cc vn sau:
Ch nh c th trc tip lm nhim v gim st (nu c thi
gian), hoc nh ngi thn ng tin cy hay thu cc cng ty
gim st c uy tn.
Thng xuyn theo di cht lng thi cng ca nh thu.
Kim tra vt t c ng mu m, cht lng, quy cch hng nh
t trc .
Kim tra s lng vt t cn thit c cho tin cng trnh.
Thc y thi cng nhm bo m tin .
Thng xuyn kim tra cng tc thc hin an ton lao ng.
B. Nghim thu:
Ch nh, nh thu xy dng v nh thu t vn thit k phi t
chc nghim thu, lp bin bn nghim thu hon thnh cng
trnh xy dng trc khi a cng trnh vo khai thc s dng
Nghim thu theo tng hng mc.
Lp bng thng k d theo di.
Cc bn c lin quan phi c trch nhim sa cha v khc phc
nu c s c.
Bin bn nghim thu l c s thanh ton cho nh thu.
Cc b phn b che khut ca cng trnh (v d hm, h, ng
ng nc, in m tng) phi c nghim thu v lm bn
v hon cng trc khi tin hnh cc cng vic tip theo.
C. Hon cng:
Lp h s hon cng l mt phn quan trng lm s hng
nh.
H s hon cng s c np ti Phng Qun L Th huyn
hoc qun.
Cm nang xy dng nh

20

PHONG THY SP
XP PHNG

Cm nang xy dng nh

21

BC V. MT S VN V LU V PHONG THY CN XEM

XT KHI SP XP CC PHNG
A. Phng khch:
L "b mt" cn nh nn t v tr pha trc nh lu thng
v tch t kh.
Hnh vung hoc hnh ch nht l tt nht.
Khng nn treo vt trang tr tng nh kim, huy chng, th...
nh hng n lung kh di chuyn dn n bt ha trong gia
nh.
Lung kh lu thng lun i t cng vo phng khch nn trnh
t hng c mi hi cng rnh s nh hng xu n vn kh
tt v c hi cho sc khe ca cc thnh vin.
Phng phi rng ri v c nhiu nh sng chiu vo, dng mu
sn ti sng c th mang nhiu vn may v ca ci.
Sn nh c thit k bng phng, trnh cao thp v s d gy
sng gi, thng trm trong cuc sng.
Trang tr cc vt bng hnh trn s lm bu khng kh d chu v
thn thin hn.
B. Phng lm vic:
Kim v Mc xung khc nn trnh t phng lm vic trong
phng ng hoc phng n.
Nu mun t phi lm vch, dng rm che hoc t ngn
trnh lm trng kh Kim v Mc nh hng nhau.
Ca phng c th thng qua phng khch, phng ng hay v
sinh nhng trnh gn bp v s b nh hng bi khi mi.
Khng nn m nhiu ca ti phng lm vic gy nhiu lung kh,
mt tp trung v kh k c.
Nn l hnh vung, c th c gc bo trn, bu dc, bt gic hoc
lc gic.

Cm nang xy dng nh

22

C. Phng ng:
Hng tun theo nguyn tc phong thu nh: to ct, hng
ct.
Phi da vo mt bc tng vng chc lm im ta.
Nn dng hng u l hng chnh chn hng ging
ng.
Trnh t ging nm trn bp hay t ging di nh tm.
Khng c ca ra vo m thng vo ging ng.
Gng khng c chiu thng vo ging ng v ca ra vo.
D. Phng v sinh:
Trnh t nh v sinh ln trn bp hoc ging ng, bi phng
v sinh lc no cng nm vo v tr xu.
Phng v sinh cc tng nn thng hng nhau th hp l v
phng v hn.
Khng m ca phng v sinh thng vi ca chnh, li vo chnh
ca nh, ngoi ngha v gi gn thm m cn lin quan n
trc dn truyn kh trong ni tht.
Khng t phng v sinh ngay phn gia nh v phn ny thuc
Th, khc Thy, l ni trang nghim i hi s cao ro, sng sa,
thong ng.
E. Cu thang:

con ng sinh o dn kh n 5 khu vc khc nhau ca

ngi nh: ca linh (bn th), ca dng (ni ng), ca np (bp,
nh n), ca tip (phng khch), ca x (mi trng xung quanh
v nh tm).
Bc cu thang u ng vi sinh lo bnh t nn chn s bc cho
ph hp vi gia ch.
Ngoi ra, phi thit k thun li cho vn i li cng nh thm
m, hnh dng mm mi th lung kh lu thng s tt.

Cm nang xy dng nh

23

F. Nh Bp:
Khng nn b tr bp khin ngi ta c th nhn thy ngay t
ngoi hoc ng t ca m thng vo bp v nh vy d
b hao tn ti sn.
Ha l ti k t quay lng vi hng nh, phi t quay v
hng lnh, nh th mi nhanh c phc.
B t ha l nn ta vo tng cho vng chc, trnh gc
nhn chiu vo khu vc nu v iu c th lm hi ti ha kh
trong nh.
V tr ca bp phi k trn nn cao ro, khng kh thong v nh
sng y .
Trnh t bp i din vi nh v sinh hay ca phng ng, sc
khe ca cc thnh vin trong gia nh s b nh hng.

G. Bn th:
Th Pht: nn t ni cao nht trong phng th ca gia nh.
Thn Lin h- Gia Tin: C th t bn th Thn Linh cng vi Gia
Tin nhng cao hn.
ng a - Thn Ti: khng c t trn cao m phi t ngay
trn mt gch nn nh, t theo hng tt ca ch nh, c th
t theo cch hng ly dng kh bn ngoi khi vo nh.
ng To: t v tr ca ng v hai hng cn bn nht l
hng tt ca ch nh hoc hng nam ( 100% ha), trnh
bn th i din nh v sinh.

Cm nang xy dng nh

24

Cm nang xy dng nh

25

Cng ty TNHH Ph in
80 Hong Vn Th, P. Qung Ph, Qung Ngi
Tel: 055. 3813562 Fax: 055. 3811747
Website: www.phudien.vn Email: sale@phudien.vn

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