Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 1

DIN N BOXMATH.VN THI TH I HC NM 2012

BoxMath MN: HO HC
s I Thi gian lm bi: 90 pht
( thi c 6 trang)
H v tn: S bo danh:
Cho bit khi lng nguyn t (theo vC) ca cc nguyn t :
H = 1; He=4; Li = 7; C = 12; N = 14; O = 16; Na = 23; Mg = 24; Al = 27; P = 31; S = 32; Cl = 35,5; K = 39; Ca = 40; Fe =
56; Cu = 64; Zn = 65; As = 75 ; Br = 80; Rb = 85,5; Sr=88; Ag = 108;Sn = 119; Ba = 137.
P N CHI TIT I.
I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH:
Cu 1: Cho hn hp A gm C
2
H
2
v H
2
qua Ni nung nng thu c hn hp kh B ch gm cc hirdocacbon
c M
B
= 28,5. Gi tr M
A
= ?
A.11,67 B. 12,67 C.11. D. 12. E. 14,25

Li gii:
Gi s c 1 mol C
2
H
2
phn ng v amol H
2
phn ng. S mol cc hidrocacbon sau chnh bng s mol ca
C
2
H
2

Ta c: theo LBTKL: 26+2a=28,5 a=1,25
M
A
= 67 , 12
25 , 2
2 . 25 , 1 26
=
+

Cu 2: Trn np cc l nha ng dc phm thng thy c 1 mt cht rn xp dng vin dng ht m.
Hy cho bit tn ca cht ny:
A. Silicagen B. Vi sng C X a D. iphotphopentaoxit. E. Cht khc

Cu 3: Cho hn 2 mui nitrat ca kim loi M vo dung dch H
2
SO
4
va thu c ddA ch cha mt mui
duy nht v 820cm
3
kh B ( 127
o
C v 405300 Pa). Bit B ho nu trong khng kh. Cho NaOH d vo ddA
thu c mt dung dch ng nht C. Sc CO
2
d vo C thy thot ra 41,2g kt ta. Thnh phn % mui
nitrat c phn t lng nh l:
A.31,07% B.70,11%. C. 29,89%. D. 68,93% E. Kt qu khc

V cho vo thu mt mui duy nht A v A vo d to dung dch ng nht => M l kl
lng tnh c nhiu ha tr nn chn M l
ta c
= 0,1mol
= 0,4 mol
bo ton e => n = 0,3 mol

=> n = mol

=> % m = => D
Cu 4: Cho 16g hn hp Mg v Cu vi t l mol tng ng l (4:1) vo dd H
2
SO
4
60% un nng thu c
5,32 (l) hh kh A. Bit A lm mt mu hon ton ton V (l) dd Br
2
1M. Nu dn ton b A vo dung dch
FeCl
3
d th thu c a (g) kt ta. Vy a v V ln lt l:
A. 6,607g v 0,1 B. 7.7g v 0,25 . C.0 v 0,5 D. 13,6g v 0,25 E 2,8g v 0,5


Da vo khi lng v t l mol tnh c

n = mol n = mol
n kh = mol
2 kh u lm mt mu dung dch brom => v
M THI ZKA 2012
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 2
bo ton e ta c




Ta c h phng trnh:

Suy ra x= 0,15 v y= 0,0875 mol


Suy ra V= 0,5 (l)

Dn ti m
ktta
= m
S
= 2,8g
Chn E
Cu 5 :Ly mt vin bi st c khi lng 16g vo mt lng dung dch HNO
3
n khi ng knh vin bi st
ch cn mt na th ly vin bi ra. Thu c dung dch A v 11,2 (l) kh B v d
(B/He)
= 11,1. Bit trong B c
kh ho nu khi trong khng kh. Dung dch A ho tan va m (g) Cu thu c dd B, cho NaOH d vo
dd B th khi lng kt ta thu c l:
A. 17,8g B. 27,4g. C. 19,86g. D. 20,5g E. 25,09g


Ta c
C mt kh ha nu l , suy ra kh cn li l
Dng ng cho tnh c ;
Th tch sau khi ng knh cn mt na l:
=> s mol Fe tan l :
Gi s a v th e nhng khc e nhn
=> C



Ta c hpt

=> v

=>
chn B
Cu 6 : tinh ch dim tiu (KNO
3
) bng phng php kt tinh. Ngi ta ho tan (un nng) hon ton
300g mui vi 200g H
2
O. Lc b phn cn bn sau lm lnh dung dch ti 10
o
C . Hi c bao nhiu gam
mui thot ra. Bit tan ca KNO
3
10
o
C l 22g trong 100g nc.
A. 230g B. 150g C. 256g D. 300g E. 128g

Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 3
10
o
C
C 100 gam ha tan 22g mui
nn 200 g ha tan c mui
=> khi lng mui tch ra l
Chn C
Cu 7: Cho cc dung dch sau trong sut sau: NaCl, KHSO
4
, KOH, HCl, FeCl
3
, Al, ZnO, AgNO
3
. C th
dng ti thiu bao nhiu thuc th nhn bit tt c cc dung dch trn:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 4 D. 0 . E Khng dng cht no
Cch 1: qu tm.
- C KOH mu xanh qu
- HCl, FeCl
3
, AgNO
3
qu
- Cho KOH hoc dng HCl cng c nhn bit c FeCl
3
v AgNO
3

- Dng KOH tch ring Al v ZnO ra.
- Cn NaCl v KHSO
4

- Ci NaCl+AgNO
3
s to kt ta trng
Cch 2: Dng Ba(HCO
3
)
2
Cu 8 : Ly 161,6g mui A chia thnh 2 phn bng nhau ri thc hin 2 th nghim:
Th nghim 1: Nung A nhit cao trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c cht rn B v
68,4g kh Z. Ton b Z dn qua 0,5 (l) dd KOH 2,4M ( d=1,2g/ml) thu c dd C trong ch c 1 mui v
mt bazo c cng nng mol; trong C% mui l 9,11552%. Cho t t cho ti d Zn vo dd C thu c V
(l) kh T.
Th nghim 2: Ho tan phn cn li vo 90g H
2
O thu c dd E. Cho 24,9g KI vo mt na dung dch E thu
c dd F v kt ta K. Cho 100ml dd Br
2
0,5Mvo F thu c ddG v kt ta K . Cho NaOH d vo dd G
th thu c kt ta H . Tng khi lng ca H v K l m(g)
Gi tr ca V v m l:
A. 1,92 v 28,9 B. 1,12 v 9,85 C. 6,72 v 29,75 D. 2,24 v 19,05 E. 3,36 v 28,05
Li gii:
Ta c: Khi lng dung dch sau khi dn kh: m
dd
= 68,4+500.12 = 668,4g
Suy ra khi lng mui : m=60,93g
V mui v bazo c cung nng mol > cng s mol >nmuoi=0,6mol
Ta xt 3 TH: KX, K2X v K3X
Nhng ch c KX l nhn v l mui KNO3
Khi cho Zn:
4Zn+7OH

+ NO
3-
>4ZnO
2-
+NH3+2H2O
0,6
7
6 , 0

7
6 , 0

V= 1,92(l)
Tm mui: A chc chn l mui nitrat.
Phn ng: 4NO2+O2+4H2O>4HNO3
0,6 0,15 0,6
Suy ra m
H2O
=38,40,6.460,15.32=36g
>n
H2O
=2mol
T l mol ca oxi v NO
2
l 4:1 nn kim loi khng thay i s oxi ho.
4M(NO
3
)n.xH
2
O>2M
2
On+4nNO2+nO
2
+4xH
2
O
Tm ra: x=9 v n=3, Kim loi Fe.
Phn 2: V c mt na n
Fe
3+
= 0,1mol; n
KI
=0,15mol; n
Br2
=0,05mol
2Fe
3+
+ 2I

> 2Fe
2+
+ I
2

0,1--------0,1-----0,1------0,05
Brom: Br
2
+ 2I

> I
2
+ 2Br

0,025---0,05 0,025
K c 0,075mol I
2

Br
2
+ 2Fe
2+
> 2Fe
3+
+ 2Br

0,025---0,05-----------0,05
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 4
Khi cho NaOH kt ta H: Fe(OH)
2
:0,05mol v Fe(OH)
3
:0,05mol m= 29,8g
p n: A
Cu 9: Mt hn hp X o 82
o
C, 1atm gm anken A v H
2
c t l th tch l 1:1, Cho X qua Ni nung nng
thu c hn hp Y( hiu sut H%) Bit t khi hi ca Y so vi H
2
l 23,2. Cng no ca A khng ng:
A. C
2
H
4
B. C
4
H
8
C. C
3
H
6
D. C
5
H
10
E.C A v C
Cch 1:
Gi cng thc v s mol anken ln lt l C
n
H
2n
v x
Phn ng C
n
H
2n
+ H
2
C
n
H
2n+2

Do phn ng c th cha hon ton nn s mol ca Y l a, vi x sa s 2x
Ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
5 , 6 2 , 3 2 25 4 , 46 1 14
2 14 2 14
2
2 14
s s + s s +
+
s
+
s
+
n n n
x
x n
a
x n
x
x n

Vy n = 4 hoc n=5 hoc n = 6 E
Cch 2:
CT anken: Gi s c 1mol mi cht phn ng:

p:
h h h
Ta c:
M: Nn
p n:
Cu 10: X phng ho hon ton 12,5g cht bo c ch s x phng l 224., thu c 13,03g mui( Gi thit
gc axit trong este v axit t do l nh nhau). Ly ton b lng glyxerol sinh ra em iu ch thuc n
trinitro glyxerat. Ch s axit v khi lng thuc n thu c l:
A.6,5 v 5,942g B. 5,6 v 4,125g C. 5,6 v 5,942g D. 7 v 4,125g E. p n khc

Cch 1:
n
NaOH
= mol 05 , 0
39
3.224) - (12,5.10
= .
n
glyxerol
= a
n
H2O
= b
3a+b=0,05
BTKL:m
chat-beo
+m
NaOH
=m
muoi
+ m
glyxerol
+m
H2O

12,5+0,05.40=13,03+92a+18b
a=0,015 v b=0,005
Ch s axit: 4 , 22
5 , 12
1000 . 56 . 005 , 0
=
Thuc n l: C
3
H
5
(ONO
2
)
3

m = 0,015.227=3,405g
Cu 11: ng dng quan trng nht ca Acid Sunfuric trong ngnh:
A. Du m B. Sn C. Phn bn D. Cht git ra E. Giy, si
Cu 12: Cho cc nhn nh sau:
1. Cc nguyn t v ion: S
2-
, Cl
-
, Ar, K
+
, Ca
2+
c sp xp theo chiu bn knh tng dn.
2. Cho dung dch NH
3
d vo dd ZnCl
2
thu c kt ta trng c tnh cht lng tnh.
3. Axit peclorit l axit mnh nht trong tt c cc axit c oxi.
4. Electron c J.J.Thomson tm ra nm 1897.
5. C th iu ch cc n cht F
2
. Cl
2
, Br
2
, I
2
theo cch oxi ho ion X
-
bng MnO
4
-
/H
+
.
S nhn nh sai l:
A. 2 B. 1 C.4 D. 3 E. 5

Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 5
Cu 13: Dung dch acid fomic 3,00% c khi lng ring l 1,0049 (g/ml) v pH = 1,79 . Cn pha long dung
dch ny bao nhiu ln cho in li tng 10 ln:
A. ~ 130 ln B. ~ 80 ln C. ~ 50 ln D. ~ 1000 ln E. ~ 118 ln


Gi s c 1(l) dd HCOOH.
Nng ca [HCOOH]=0,65537M v [H
+
]
79 , 1
10

= M
| |
| |
02475 , 0 = =
+
HCOOH
H

Cn bng: HCOOH

HCOO
-
+ H
+
C
o

C
o
- C
o
. C
o
. C
o
.

=
1
.
.
.
2 2 2
o
o o
o
C
C C
C
K
Khi in ly tng 10 ln 10 = :

=
1
.
2
C
K
Suy ra:
( )
( )
( )
( )
3
2
2 2 2
10 . 7163 , 7
1 100
9 1
1
1
1
.
1
.

~

o
o
C
C C C

130
0
~
C
C
ln.
p n A.
Cu 14: Hn hp A gm 3 kim loi X, Y, Z c ho tr ln lt l 3,2,1 v c t l mol l 1:2:3, trong s
mol ca X l xmol. Ho tan hon ton A bng dd cha y(g) HNO
3
(ly d 25%). Sau phn ng thu c dd B
khng cha mui amoni v V(l) hh gm 2 kh NO v NO
2
(ktc). Biu thc lin h ng l:
A. y = 10x+
64
5 , 787 V
B. y = 630x +
4 , 22
63V
C. y = 630x +
4 , 22
630V
D. y= 787,5x +
64
225V

E. Biu thc khc.

Gi s mol ca X,Y,Z ln lt l , ,
ta c tng s mol e nhng l: (mol)

...........4a.........3a............a

............2b.........b...........b
BO TON E TA C
(1)
li c (2)
suy ra:



=> p s D


Cu 15: X l qung hemantit cha 60% Fe
2
O
3
, Y l qung manhetit cha 69% Fe
3
O
4
. Cn trn X v Y theo
t l khi lng (m
X
: m
Y
) nh th no thu c qung Z m t 1 tn qung Z thu c ti a 0,5 tn gang
cha 4% C.
A. 1:1 B. 2:5 C. 1:3 D. 2:1 E. 3:1
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 6
Li gii:
Gi x v y l khi lng tng ng mi qung trong 1 tn qung Z.
Ta c h:
3
1
75 , 0
25 , 0
56
96 . 0 . 5 , 0
3 .
232
69 , 0
160
2 . 6 , 0
1
~

~
~

= +
= +
y
x
y
x
y x
y x


Cu 16: Cho hn hp 2 amin n chc bc I c t khi hi so vi H
2
l 19( trong c 1 amin c s mol l
0,15 mol) tc dng FeCl
3
d thu c kt ta A. em A nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu
c 8g cht rn. Cng thc ca 2 amin l:
A. CH
3
NH
2
v C
2
H
5
NH
2
B. CH
3
NH
2
v C
2
H
3
NH
2
C. C
2
H
5
NH
2
v C
2
H
3
NH
2
D. C A v B u ng E. C A v C u ng






<............................................
li c:
=>
m c mt cht c s mol l nn cht cn li cng c s mol l
suy ra


=> + =

chn ; p n A
Cu 17: Cho cc nhn nh sau:
a) Pau-linh quy c ly m in ca Flo xc nh m in cc nguyn t khc.
b) Trong nhm IA th cng cc kim loi t l thun vi bn knh ca chng.
c) Tt c cc kim lo nhm IA tr Cs v Fr u c mng tinh th lp phng tm din.
d) Phn ng to nhit l phn ng c 0 < AH
e) Trong tt c cc hp cht oxi u c s oxi ho -2 ch tr hp cht peroxit.
S nhn nh ng l:
A. 2 B. 1 C.3 D. 4 E. 5


Cu 18: Cho s sau:
Cht F v C l:
A. N
2
O v NO
B. N
2
v NO
C. NO
2
v N
2
D. SO
2
v H
2
S
E. NH
3
v N
2
O




Mui NH
4
NO
2
NH
3


NO
NO
2
HNO
2
N
2


+ NaOH
+O
2

+G
+H
2
O
t
o
t
o
+H
2
SO
4,
t
o
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 7
Cu 19: Dn 47g hn hp 2 ru qua Al
2
O
3
d nhit cao thu c hn hp ete, olefin, H
2
O v ru d.
Tch ly nc thu c hn hp B. Ly nc cho tc dng vi K d thu c 4,704(l) H
2
. Lng olefin phn
ng va vi 1,35(l) dd Br
2
0,2M. Phn ete v ru d chim th tch V= 16,128 (l) ( 136,5
O
C v 1atm).
Bit hiu sut to thnh mi olefin l nh nhau v s mol cc ete bng nhau. Hiu sut to thnh mi olefin l:
A. 20% B. 50% C. 25% D. 40% E. 30%

Li gii:
n
H2
=0,21mol.
S mol ete v ru d l : n=0,48mol.
S mol anken: n=0,27mol.
Ta c:
RCH
2
-CH
2
-OH RCH=CH
2
+ H
2
O v 2RCH
2
CH
2
OH (RCH
2
CH
2
)
2
O + H
2
O
0,27 0,27 0,27 0,3 0,15 0,21.2-0.27=0,15 (mol)
Suy ra: 9 , 0 15 , 0 48 , 0 3 , 0 27 , 0 = + + =
ancol
n
Hiu sut to thnh olefin: % 30 % 100 .
9 . 0
27 , 0
= = H
Cu 20: Chia hn hp 2 ru thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
Phn 1: Cho vo bnh kn chn khng c dung tch 0,9 (l), sau cho bay hi 136,5
o
C v p sut p=
851,2mmHg.
Phn 2: un vi H
2
SO
4
c 140
o
C thu c 0,742g hh 3 ete. Tch ly ru cha phn ng( bao gm 40%
ru c phn t lng nh v 60% ru c phn t lng ln) ri un vi H
2
SO
4
c 180
o
C thu c V (l)
olefin. Gi thit hiu sut to thnh mi olefin l nh nhau v 100%. Hai ancol c phn t lng hn km
nhau 28 (vc). Gi tr ca V l: (ktc)
A. 0,336 B. 0,112 C. 1,12 D. 0,3584 E. Kt qu khc

Li gii:
T phn 1 tnh ra s mol ancol: n=0,03mol.
Gi x,y mol ln lt l s mol ca R-OH (M) v R-C
2
H
4
-OH (M+28) x+ y =0,03
Ta c: khi tch ra ch c 40% ruu nh v 60% ru ln do phn ng l 60% nh v 40% ln.
2
4 , 0 6 , 0
2
y x
n
O H
+
=

p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng:
0,6Mx+0,4(M+28)y=0,742+9(0,6x+0,4y)
Suy ra: 0,6M(0,03-y)+0,4My+11,2y=0,742+9(0,6.0,03-0,6y+0,4y)
46 50 8 , 42 03 , 0
13 2 , 0
904 , 0 018 , 0
0 = < < <

= < M M
M
M
y
y=0,02 x=0,01 (mol)
Tnh ra V=22,4.(0,4x+0,6y)=0,3584(l).

Cu 21: Xenlulozo trinitrat l mt loi thuc n nhn to. Phn ng n ca n nh sau:
[C
6
H
5
(OH)
2
(ONO
2
)
3
]
n
CO
2
+ CO + H
2
O + N
2
+ H
2
th tch kh to thnh 150
O
C v 1 atm khi phn hu 1 g Xenlulozo trinitrat l:
A. 1,59 (l) B. 1,29(l) C. 1,49 (l) D. 1,39(l) E. Kt qu khc


Li gii: n gin chn n=1.
C
6
H
5
(OH)
2
(ONO
2
)
3
2CO
2
+ 4CO + 3H
2
O +
2
3
N
2
+
2
1
H
2

0,003367mol
). ( 29 , 1 037 , 0 l V mol n
kh
~ =

Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 8

Cu 22: Cho cc phn ng sau;
SnCl
4
+ 2FeCl
2
2FeCl
3
+ SnCl
2
(khng th xy ra)
15KNO
3
+ 2FeS
2
15KNO
2
+ Fe
2
O
3
+ 4SO
2

FeS + 2MnO
4
-
+ 8H
+
2Mn
2+
+ SO
4
2-
+ Fe
3+
+ 4H
2
O
Cu
2
S + Cr
2
O
7
2-
+ 6H
+
2Cr
3+
+ 3H
2
O + 2Cu
2+
+SO
4
2-

3CuFeS
2
+ 17CrO
4
2
+ 88H
+
3Cu
2+
+ 3Fe
3+
+ 17Cr
3+
+ 6SO
4
2-
+ 44H
2
O
3Fe
n
O
m
+ (12n m)H
+
+ (3n-2m)NO
3
-
3nFe
3+
+ (3n-2m)NO + (6n-m)H
2
O
CuFeS
2
+ Fe
3+
+ 3O
2
+ 2H
2
O Cu
2+
+ 2Fe
2+
+ 4H
+
+ 2SO
4
2-

6As
2
S
3
+ 28ClO
3
-
+ 36H
2
O 12AsO
4
3-
+ 72H
+
+ 18SO
4
2-
+ 28Cl
-
S phn ng khng chnh xc l:
A. 0 B. 3 C. 4 D. 2 E. 5


Cu 23: Hn hp A gm 1 ankan X v 2 hidrocacbon Y,Z thuc 2 dy ng ng khc nhau. Hn hp B gm
O
2
v O
3
c t khi so vi He l
7
72
. t chy 11,2 (l) A cn va ) (
15
784
l B ktc v thu c CO
2
v
H
2
O c t l mol l 1:1 . Nu cho 0,5 mol X qua dd Br
2
d th cn li 5,6(l) kh bay ra v dung dch tng 13,5
g. Cn nu dn 0,5 mol X qua dd AgNO
3
/NH
3
th thu c 16,2g kt ta vng. T khi ca A so vi He v X
l:
A. 28 v C
3
H
8
B. 28 v C
4
H
10
C. 14 v C
4
H
10
D. 14 v C
3
H
8
E. Kt qu khc

Li gii:
Trong ) (
15
784
l c: n
O2
=1 mol v n
O3
= mol
3
4

= + = mol n
O
6 4 2
Gi x l s mol ca CO
2
v cng l s mol ca H
2
O. 3x=6(nh lut bo ton O
2
).
Suy ra x=2.
Tnh ra m
A
=2.14=28g M
A
= 14 56
5 , 0
28
= =
He
A
d
Tm ankan.
Ta c m
ankan
=28-13,5=14,5g v n
ankan
=0,25 mol.
ankan l C
4
H
10
.


Cu 24: X l mt este 2 chc. t chy hon ton 0,15 mol X ri dn ton b sn phm chy vo 500ml dd
KOH 4,8M thu c ddA gm 2 mui. rt nhanh 1,6mol HCl vo ddA thu c 24,64 (l) kh CO
2
(ktc).
Nu cho 0,15 mol X phn ng vi NaOH d thu c hn hp B gm 3 mui. Khi lng ln nht ca mt
mui c th c trong B l:
A. 25g B. 22,3g C. 21,6g D.14,4g E. Kt qu khc



Xt phn ng nhanh HCl ta c

Ta c x+2y=1,6 v x+y=1,1
Suy ra x=0,6 v y=0,5
Vy t l mui hidrocacbonat v cacbonat trong dung dch l 6a:5a
Ta c cc phng trnh
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 9

Vy 16a=2,4a=0,15
S mol CO2 to ra khi t chy este l 0,15.11=1,65mol
Vy este X c 11 cacbon.
Do X phn ng vi NaOH to ra c 3 mui nn c dng R
1
COORCOOR
2
, trong R
2
l mt gc phenol
(hiu theo ngha rng)
Mui c PTK ti a cha R
2
l C
6
H
2
(CH
3
)
3
(ONa), R=0, R
1
=H
Vy m
max
=0,15.158=23,7
Cu 25: Hn hp A gm Al v Mg. Ly 20,4g hh A tc dng vi dd HBr d thu c 22,4(l) H
2
. Cng lng
trn phn ng va vi 500ml dd HNO
3
1M v HBr thu c ddB ch gm cc mui v thu c 4,48 (l)
hn hp kh N
2
O v N
2
c t khi so vi

H
2
18,5. C cn cn thn dd B khi lng mui thu c l:
A.100,5g B. 59,3g C.190,18g D. 187,65g E Kt qu khc.

Li gii:
Ta d dng tnh ra s mol: n
N2
=0,0875mol v n
N2O
=0,1125mol.
Tng s e nhn t 2 cht ny: n
e
=1,775mol.
Tnh ra s mol mi kim loi trong A: n
Al
=n
Mg
=0,4mol.
S mol e cho: n
e cho
=2mol.
Suy ra s mol ca amoni nitrat l : mol n 028125 , 0
8
775 . 1 2
=

= .
mol n
H
45625 , 2 2 . 028125 , 0 2 . 2 , 0 2 = + + =

+

Suy ra n
HBr
=1,95625 mol.

S NO
3
-
phn ng l : 0,2.2+0,028125=0,428125mol d :0,071875 mol

Khi lng mui l : m=20,4+1,95625.80+18.0,028125+0,071875.62=181,16g.
Cu 26: Hn hp X gm 2 este n chc l ng ng k tip c t l khi lng tng tng ng l
0,7396 : 1 v hiu s mol ca chng l cc i. X phng ho hon ton 86,96g X bng dung dch KOH d
thu c mt mui duy nht (khng c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng Ag) c khi lng m
1
(g) v 2 ru
n chc. Ly ton b ru qua CuO nung nng ri dn sn phm qua dd Br
2
d th thy c a(mol) Br
2
phn
ng. Gi tr ca m
1
v a l:
A. 76,26g v 1,36 mol B. 87,42g v 1,36 mol C. 87,41g v 0,93mol
D. 76,26g v 0,93 mol E. Kt qu khc.

Li gii:
Gi x l khi lng ca este nh.
Ta c: hiu s mol:
14
1 7396 , 0
+

x x
= ( ) x f
Ta c: ( )
( )
2 2
'
14
1 7396 , 0
+
+ =
x x
x f , ( ) 86 0
'
= = x x f
Lp bng bin thin hiu s mol max khi x=86 : este C
4
H
6
O
2
:xmol v este C
5
H
10
O
2
: ymol
khi lng mi cht: l 36,96g v 50g
s mol x=0,43mol v y=0,5mol.
CTCT: CH
2
=CH-COOCH
3
v CH
2
=CH-COOC
2
H
5

Mui: CH
2
=CH-COONa :(x+y)mol m= 87,42g
Khi cho qua CuO: HCHO xmol v CH
3
CHO: ymol
Phn ng vi Br
2
th s mol brom p l: 2x+y =1,36 mol
p n: B

Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 10
Cu 27: Cho phn ng sau:
Cr
2
S
3
+ 15Mn(NO
3
)
2
+ 20K
2
CO
3
2K
2
CrO
4
+ 15K
2
MnO
4
+ 20CO
2
+ 30NO + 3K
2
SO
4

Tng h s khi cn bng ca tt c cc cht in li mnh trong phn ng trn l:
A. 60 B. 50 C. 55 D. 54 E. 56

Cu 28: Nung nng hon ton hh X gm 0,1 mol NaNO
3
, 0,2 mol Fe(NO
3
)
2
v 0,3mol Cu trong iu kin
khng c khng kh thu c m(g) hn hp rn Y. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 46,9g B. 45,3g C. 42,1g D. 40,5g E. kt qu khc

Li gii:
Cc phn ng:
2NaNO
3
2NaNO
2
+ O
2
0,1 0,1 0,05
4Fe(NO
3
)
2
2Fe
2
O
3
+ 8NO
2
+ O
2
0,2---------------0,1------------------0,05
Cu + [O] CuO
0,2-------------0,2
M
cr
=69.0,1+16+0,2.80+0,1.64=45,3g.
Cu 29: Cho hn hp gm A m(g) FeS v CuS. t chy A thu c hn hp rn B v 3,36 (l) kh C. Cho
ton b B vo dung dch HNO
3
d thu c 49,28(l) kh NO
2
. Nu cho ton b m(g) A vo dung dch H
2
SO
4

c nng th th tch kh SO
2
thu c ktc l:
A. 26,98(l) B. 22,4(l) . C. 33,6(l). D. 28 (l) E. p n khc
Li gii:
n
NO2
=2,2mol v n
SO2
= 0,15mol
p dng nh lut bo ton e tnh ra s mol e cho l: n
e cho
=2,2+0,15.2=2,5mol
Suy ra V=1,25.22,4=28(l)
Cu 30: Cho m(g) hn hp Y gm axit axetic, phenol, ancol etylic, metanol, axit fomic tc dng va vi
Na thu c 19,6g hh mui X. t chy hon ton X thu c 10,6g mui cacbonat. Nu cho 38g Y tc dng
vi Ba d th tch kh thu c l:
A. 3,36(l) B. 8,96(l) C. 4,48(l) D. 6,72(l) E. 5,6(l)
Li gii:
tt c cc cht u tc dng vi Na v Ba.
n
Na
=2. n
Na2CO3
=0,2mol n
H2
=0,1mol
p dng LBTKL tm ra m=0,2+19,6-0.2.23=15,2g
38 =15,2.2,5 V
kh
=0,1.2,5.22,4=5,6(l).
Cu 31: Cho cc phn ng sau:
A
1
A
2
+ A
3
+ A
4
; A
2
+ A
6
A
7
+ A
5
; A
3
+ A
4
+ A
5
A
8
; A
7
+ A
8
A
1
A
1
+ KMnO
4
+ H
+
A
9
Bit A
9
l mt cht oxi ho rt mnh. A
8
l mt kim loi. A
2
v A
5
l hp cht lng tnh.
Vy A
9
v A
2
c th l:
A. Kali icromat v Nhm oxit B. Kali icromat v Crom (III) oxit
C. Kali cromat v Crom (III) oxit D. Kali cromat v Nhm oxit
E. Kali cromat v Nhm oxit

S :
Cr(NO
3
)
3
Cr
2
O
3
+ NO
2
+ O
2
; Cr
2
O
3
+ 6HCl 2CrCl
3
+ 3H
2
O; NO
2
+ O
2
+ H
2
O HNO
3

3HNO
3
+ CrCl
3
Cr(NO
3
)
3
+ 3HCl
Cr
3+
+ MnO
4
-
+ H
+
Cr
2
O
7
-
+.
t
o
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 11
Cu 32: Cho cc khng nh sau
a. Rifominh l qu trnh dng cc cht h c, v c bin i cu trc hidrocacbon t khng
nhnhnhnh, khng thm c thm.( dng nhit v xc tc thch hp)
b. Kh l cc v kh thin nhin cha ch yu l metan. ( kh l cc cha ch yu l H
2
)
c. t, xe my, my bay c th chy bng xng c ch s octan cao.( my bay chy bng du ho)
d. C th iu ch thu tinh t cc hp cht v c v cc cht h c.
e. Khi un nng hn hp phenol v fomalin theo t l 1:1 xc tc axit thu uc rezol.(t l 1:1,2)
f. Sn phm trng hp vinyl-xianua dng ch may qun o m
g. Vng 9999 uc iu ch bng phung php in phn v thu luyn( ch dng in phn)
S nhn nh ng l
A.7 B.1 C.4 D.5 E. 2




Cu 33: Hn hp M gm 2 ru n chc. Chia 45,6g M thnh 3 phn bng nhau. Cho phn 1 tc dng vi
Na d thu c 3,36(l) kh H
2
. Phn 2 un nng vi CuO d thu c M
1
gm 2 andehit. M
1
phn ng vi
AgNO
3
/NH
3
d thu c 86,4g Ag. Phn 3 em t chy ri dn ton b sn phm chy hp th ht vo
500ml dd NaOH thu c 65,4g mui. Nng ca NaOH l:
A. 4M B. 1,5M C. 1,75M D. 3M E. 2M
Li gii:
Mi phn c khi lng 15,2 gam
Do cc ru u n chc nn s mol ru l
2
2 0, 3
ancol H
n n = =
Vy khi lng mol trung bnh ca ru l: 50, 67
ancol
M =
Vy ancol c phn t khi nh hn l ancol metylic hoc etylic.
Xt phn ng th 2, ta c 0, 8( )
Ag
n mol = nn nu c hai ru u khng l
3
CH OH th s mol ancol l
: 2 0, 4 0, 3
ancol Ag
n n = = >
Vy ancol c PTK nh hn l
3
CH OH
Gi s mol ca hai ancol theo th t c PTK tng dn l x v y
Ta c h phng trnh 0, 3 x y + = v 4 2 0,8 x y + =
Suy ra 0,1 x = v 0, 2 y =
D dng suy ra ancol th hai l
3 8
C H OH
Vy
2
0,1.1 0, 2.3 0, 7
CO
n mol = + =
Gi s mol
2
CO trong phn ng to ra
3
NaHCO v
2 3
Na CO ln lt l a v b
Ta c 0, 7 a b + = v 84 106 65, 4 a b + =
Suy ra 0, 4 a = v 0, 3 b =
Vy 2 1
NaOH
n a b = + =
Vy 2
M
C = . p n E
Cu 34: Cho 16g t n CaC
2
vo nc d. Kh C
2
H
2
to thnh em trn ln vi H
2
thu c hn hp X,
dn X qua Pd nhit cao thu c hh ch Y gm cc hidrocacbon. Cho Y qua dd AgNO
3
/NH
3
d thu c
14,4g kt ta, kh cn li lm mt mu hon ton 12,64g KMnO
4
trong dd thu c cht hu c A. Cho A qua
CuO nhit thu c B a chc. B phn ng va ht vi 39,2 g Cu(OH)
2
trong NaOH to ra mui C.
T khi ca X sao vi H
2
v khi lng mui C l:
A. 6,9 v 13,4 B. 13,4 v 13,8 C. 13,8 v 13,4 D. 13,8 v 11,2 E. Kt qu khc
Li gii:
mol n n mol n n mol n n
KMnO H C C Ag H C CaC H C
12 , 0 .
2
3
, 06 , 0 , 25 , 0
4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
= = = = = =
Bo ton C mol n
H C
07 , 0
6 2
=
m
X
= m
Y
=7,02g
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 12
LiAlH
4
CuO, t
o
+ HCN

NH
3
/H
3
O
+
Trong X:
mol n
H
2 , 0 12 , 0 2 . 07 , 0
2
= + =

62 , 6
) 25 , 0 28 , 0 ( 2
02 , 7
2
=
+
=
H
X
d
Mui l: NaOOC-COONa=0,1 mol m= 13,4g
Cu 35: Cho hn hp X gm a mol N
2
v b mol H
2
, (3a s b) cho vo mt bnh kn dung tch V (l) nhit
70
o
C p sut l p (atm). Thc hin phn ng sau a v 70
O
C thy p sut lc ny l
0
p (atm). Khong gii
hn ca
0
p l:
A. p p s s
0
0 B. p
a
b
p p
a b
a b
. .
0
s s
+

C. p
a
b
p p .
0
s s
D. p p p
a b
a b
s s
+

0
. E. Biu thc khc.

Li gii:
Bn 3a b s do nu phn ng xy ra hon ton th
2
H d.
Nn ta tnh theo
2
N
2 2 3
3 2 N H NH + >
ah----3ah--------2ah
(a-ah)--(b-3ah)-----(2ah)

2
sau
n a b ah = +

T l:
1
2
2
o
n p a b
n p a b ah
+
= =
+


( ) .( )
2
o
p
a b a b
p
h
a
+ +
> =
Ta c 0 1 h s s
Nn: .
o
b a
p p p
b a

s s
+

Cu 36: Cho 0,1 mol este A tc dng va vi 100ml dd NaOH 2M thu c hn hp 2 mui ca 2 acid
hu c X
1
v X
2
u n chc v 6,2g mt ru X
3
. Axit X
1
no khng tham gia phn ng trng gng. Axit
X
2
khng no ch cha mt lin kt i (C=C), c mch cacbon phn nhnh. t chy ht hn hp 2 mui thu
c Na
2
CO
3
, CO
2
v H
2
O. Cho ton b CO
2
v H
2
O i qua bnh ng Ca(OH)
2
d thu c 50g kt ta. X
2

l:
A. CH
2
=CH-CH
2
(CH
3
)-COOH B CH
2
=CH-COOH C. CH
2
= C(CH
3
) COOH
D. A hoc B E. Kt qu khc

Li gii:
T bi ta d dng suy ra A l este 2 chc ca etylen glycol.
2 3
0, 2 0,1
NaOH Na CO
n mol n mol = = (nh lut bo ton Na).
3
0, 5 0,1 0, 6
CO
n mol = + =

.
Suy ra trong s C trong 2 mui l: 6 C = .
Bin lun: V X
1
no khng tham gia phn ng trang gng nn nh nht l acid acetic.
X
2
nh nht l CH
2
= C(CH
3
) COOH
Nhn thy va .
C

Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 13
LiAlH
4
CuO, t
o
+ HCN

NH
3
/H
3
O
+
Cu 37:Cho s sau:

A B C D E
Cho bit A l mt hp cht tp chc dng iu ch thuc cm aspirin. Cho 25,2 g E phn ng vi Na d
th khi lng mui thu c l:
A.31,8g B.32,5 C.35,1 D. 39,1 E. Kt qu khc

Li gii: S
p.
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4
3 3
,
6 4 6 4 2 6 4
/
6 4 6 4 6 4
6 4 6 4
OOH HO
OO
OO a OONa
o
LiAlH CuO t
NH H O HCN
Na
o OH C H C o OH C H CH OH o OH C H C
o OH C H CHO o OH C H CH OH CN o OH C H CH OH C H
o OH C H CH OH C H o ON C H CH ONa C
+



Tnh ra
25, 2
234. 42, 73
138
m g = =

Cu 38: C 5 l mt nhn: NaHSO
4
, KHCO
3
, Na
2
SO
3
, Mg(HCO
3
)
2
, Ba(HCO
3
)
2
. iu kin v ho cht xem
nh c . Lng thuc th t nht c th nhn bit c tt c cc dung dch trn l:
A. 1 B. 2 C. 0 D. 3 E. 4
Chi cn un nng.
* Mg(HCO
3
)
2
, Ba(HCO
3
)
2
to kt ta v kh thot ra.
KHCO
3
: c kh thot ra.
Cn li khng c hin tng g.
*Ly KHCO
3
nhn ra KHSO
4
c kh thot ra.
*Dng KHSO
4
nhn ra Ba(HCO
3
)
2
c kh v to ta.

Cu 39: Cho vi git vi sa vo cc ng dd Sacarozo, khuy nh, sau thi CO
2
vo. Hin tng quan
st c l:
A. Xut hin kt ta trng ri tan. B. Khng c hin tng g.
C. To ra dung dch ng nht mu xanh. D. To kt ta v c kh xut hin.
E. Trc tin to ra dung dch ng nht sau xut hin kt ta trng

Cu 40: Tin hnh m hun chng bc c tit din 8cm
2
vi dung dch in phn l AgNO
3
, anot lm bng
Ag, mt dng l 1 A/dm
2
. Thi gian in phn l 16 pht 5 giy, hiu sut 80%. Tnh b dy lp m ( theo
m ) bit khi lng ring ca Ag l 10,5 g/cm
3
.
A. 10,28 B 8,25 C. 7,81 D. 8,22 E. 9,15
Li gii:
Vi thit din 8cm
2
th cng dng in I=0,08A.
Suy ra n
Ag
= g m mol
Ag
06912 , 0 8 , 0 . 0864 , 0 10 . 8
96500
965 . 08 , 0
4
= = =

.
B dy: l= m cm 22 , 8 10 . 22 , 8
8 . 5 , 10
06912 , 0
4
= =


II. PHN RING:(Th sinh ch c chn mt trong 2 phn)
1. Theo chng trnh chun( T cu 41 n cu 50).
Cu 41: Ho tan hon ton13g Zn vo dd HNO
3
thu c 0,784 (l) hn hp 2 kh N
2
O v N
2
c khi lng
1,43g. S mol HNO
3
phn ng l:
A. 0,47 B. 0,5 C. 0,4825 D. 0,615 E. 0,535
gi x l s mol ca N
2
O v y l s mol N
2

ta c
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 14




= mol
bo ton electron ta c:

0,2....................0,4

..............................0,29375
=> c mui

t suy ra
= 0,5 mol B
Cu 42:Cho m(g) hh gm NH
3
, CH
5
N, C
2
H
7
N, bit s mol ca NH
3
bng s mol ca C
2
H
7
N. em t chy
hon ton hh trn thu c 20,16(l) kh CO
2
v x(g) H
2
O. Vy m v x bng bao nhiu?
A. 13,95 v 16,2 B. 27,9 v 40,5 C.16,2 v 13,95 D. 40,5 v 27,9 E. Khng d kin tnh


Li gii:
Cc cht NH3,CH5N,C2H7N u c cng thc phn t dng CnH2n+3N (vi n ln lt l 0,1,2)
Gi n
NH3
= n
C2H7N
= x, n
CH5N
= y
Suy ra: 1
2
2
=
+
+
=
y x
y x
n Ta c phng trnh
CH5NCO2+
2
5
H2O
Vy n
H2O
=2,25(mol)
Suy ra m
H2O
=x=40,5(gam)
m=27,9g
Cu 43: Cho cc cht sau: Zn, Cu, Br
2
, H
2
SO
4
, Na
2
S, Fe(NO
3
)
2
, Cr(NO
3
)
2
, Fe(NO
3
)
3
, Cr(NO
3
)
3
. S cp cht
phn ng c vi nhau l:
A. 10 B. 17 C. 15 D. 19 E.12

Zn: Br
2
, H
2
SO
4
, Fe(NO
3
)
2
, Cr(NO
3
)
2
, Fe(NO
3
)
3
, Cr(NO
3
)
3
6 p
Cu: Br
2
, Fe(NO
3
)
3
2 p
Br
2
: Na
2
S, Fe(NO
3
)
2
, Cr(NO
3
)
2
, 3 p
H
2
SO
4
: Na
2
S, Fe(NO
3
)
2
, Cr(NO
3
)
2
3 p
Na
2
S: Fe(NO
3
)
2
, Cr(NO
3
)
2
, Fe(NO
3
)
3
, Cr(NO
3
)
3
: 4 p
Cr(NO
3
)
2
: Fe(NO
3
)
3

Dp n: D
Cu 44: Sn phm thu phn cht no di y c th tham gia phn ng trng gng:
A. CH
2
Br-CH
2
Br B. CH
3
-CHClBr C. CHBrCl
2
D. CH
3
COO-C(CH
3
)=CH
2
E. C B v C

* CH
3
-CHClBr CH
3
CHO
* CHBrCl
2
HCOOH

Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 15
Cu 45: t chy hon ton 3,24g hh X gm 2 cht hu c A v B khc dy ng ng ( trong A v B
hn km nhau 1 nguyn t C) thu c H
2
O v 9,24g CO
2
. Bit t khi ca X so vi H
2
l 13,5. Thnh phn
% khi lng ca cht c phn t lng nh hn l:
A. 72,22% B. 27,78% C. 81,78% D. 18,22% E. p n khc

Li gii: n
CO2
=0,21(mol), n
X
=
5 , 13 . 2
24 , 3
=0,12(mol)
75 , 1
12 , 0
21 , 0
= =
nC

Phn t lng nh hn c 1C cng vi gi thit M
CxHyOz
< 27 CH
4

Cht cn li l C
2
H
y
O
z
H:

=
=

= +
= +
09 , 0
03 , 0
21 , 0 2
12 , 0
b
a
b a
b a

Suy ra: 0,03.16+0,09(24+y+16z)=3,24 y+16z=6,67 (loi)
Trng hp cn li: C
2
H
2
Th: 0,09.26+0,03(12+y+16z)=3,24 (y+16z)=18
CH
2
O (metanal)
Phn trm: %= % 22 , 72 100 .
24 , 3
26 . 09 , 0
= p n:
Cu 46: Ho tan hon ton 5,4g oxit kim loi X bng dd HNO
3
d thu c 0,224(l) NO. Cho dd sau phn
ng tc dng vi KOH d nng nng th thu c 0,126(l) kh na. X l:
A. Cu
2
O hoc FeO B. Fe
3
O
4
C. MnO hoc FeO D. MnO hoc Fe
3
O
4
E. Fe
3
O
4
hoc Cu
2
O
Li gii:
Tnh ra 0, 03 0, 045 0, 075
e
n mol = + =

Gi n A l bin thin s oxi ho.
Ta c:
5, 4
. 0, 075 72. n M n
M
A = = A
Ln lt cho 1; 2;3 n A =
Chn c p n l
2
Cu Ov FeO
Cu 47: Cht no c th tn ti trong t nhin ( dng nguyn liu):
A. CaC
2
B. NaNO
3
C. C
2
H
5
OH D. CaO E. Al
4
C
3


Cu 48: Oxi ho 4g ancol n chc bng O
2
( xc tc, t
o
) thu c 5,6g hh Y gm andehit, ancol d v nc.
Hiu sut ca phn ng oxi ho l:
A. 75% B. 85% C. 90% D. 80% E. 70%

Cch 1:
Gii: Sau phn ng khi lng hn hp tng ln chnh l do O
2
phn ng.
n
O2
=
32
4 6 , 5
=0,05(mol)
V l ancol n chc nn ta c t l
1
2
02
=
n
n
ancol

Vy lng ancol phn ng l: 0,1mol , v tha mn ancol d th M
ancol
1 , 0
4
<

Vy ancol l CH
3
OH v s mol ban u n=0,125
H=80 % D
Cch 2:
RCH
2
OH+[O]RCHO+H
2
O
S dng tng gim khi lng suy ra n
[O]
=
16
4 6 , 4
=0,1(mol)
Do cn ancol d nn s mol ancol ban u ln hn 0,1 (mol)
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 16
Suy ra M
ancol
<
1 , 0
4
=40. Suy ra ancol l CH
3
OH
H= % 80 100 .
32
4
4 , 0
= p n D
Cu 49: Dy gm tt c cc cht l mui trung ho l:
A. NaHSO
4
, Na
2
SO
4
, Na
2
SiO
3
B. Na
2
H
2
P
2
O
7
, Na
3
PO
4
, Na
2
CO
3
C. NaH
2
PO
2
, Na
4
P
2
O
7
, Na
2
HPO
3

D. Na
2
HPO
2
, Na
3
HP
2
O
7
, NaH
2
PO
2
E. Tt c u sai.
Tuy cc cht Na
2
H
2
PO
2
v Na
2
HPO
3
vn cn H trong phn t nhng chng khng c kh nng phn ly
ra ion H
+
nn khng phi l mui axit.
Cu 50: X, Y l kim loi n ho tr tng ng l II v III. Ho tan ht 14g hh bng HNO
3
thy thot ra
14,784(l) (27,3
O
C v 1,1 atm) hh 2 kh mu nu c t khi so vi He l 9,56. Dung dch thu c ch ch
mui nitrat kim loi. Cng lng kim loi trn ho tan vo HCl d thu c 14,784 (l) kh (27,3
o
C v 1atm)
v cn li 3,2g cht rn khng tan. X,Y ln lt l:
A. Pb v Al B. Mg v Fe D. Cu v Cr E. Zn v Cr E. Cu v Al

Li gii:
3,2g l s gam ca 1 cht trong hn hp s gam cht cn li 143,2=10,8(g)
10,8x= Al x = =
+ 9
1
2 , 1
) 3 , 27 273 ( 082 , 0
784 , 14
. 2
Hn hp 2 kh mu nu l: NO,NO
2

n
NO
= 0,3201, n
NO2=0,3399 1,2+3,2y=0,3201.3 + 0,3399 y=64 (Cu)
p n E.
2. Theo chng trnh nng cao( T cu 51 n cu 60)
Cu 51: phn bit hexan, propanal, axeton c th dng thuc th no sau y:
1. Nc brom 2. dd NaHSO
3
m c 3 . dd AgNO
3
/NH
3
4. Qu tm
A. 2,3 B. 1,2, C. 3,4 D. 1,4 E. 3


Chn p n A, tc l dng dd AgNO
3
/NH
3
v
3
NaHSO c
u tin, dng dd AgNO
3
/NH
3
th ch c propanal phn ng c. Nhn bit c propanal
Cn li hai cht, ta dng dung dch
3
NaHSO c th c phn ng:
3
HSO Na tch ra thnh H
+
v
3
SO Na

cng vo ni i C O = trong phn t axeton. H
+
cng vo O,
3
SO Na

cng vo vi C .
3 3 3 3 3 3
( )( ) CH COCH NaHSO CH C SO H OH CH +
(lu n nc brom khng phn ng vi andehit)
Cu 52: 25
o
C hng s cn bng ca phn ng:


Bit nng ban u ca CH
3
COOH l 1M, khi cn bng nng ca CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
l 0,93M, Nng ca
etanol ban u l:
A. 1M B.
3
2
M C. 2M D. 4M E .1,5M
Li gii:
2 5 3 2 5 2
3 CH COOH C H OH CH COOC H H O + > +
1--------------------- x -------------------0---------------0(M)
0,93----------------0,93----------------0,93----------0,93(M)
1-0,93------------ 0, 93 x ------------0,93---------0,93(M)
2
0, 93
4 4
(1 0, 93)( 0, 93
x D
x
= =


CH
3
COOH + C
2
H
5
OH

CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
+ H
2
O, K
C
= 4.
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 17
Vi x l nng mol ca
2 5
C H OH
Cu 53: Cho t t V (l) dd Na
2
CO
3
vo V
1
dd HCl 1M thu c 2,24(l) kh CO
2
. Cho t t V
1
dd HCl vo V
(l) dd Na
2
CO
3
1M thu c 1,12(l) CO
2
. Vy V
1
v V ln lt l:
A. V
1
= 0,25(l) v V= 0,2(l) B. V = 0,15(l) v V
1
= 0,2(l) C. V = 0,25(l) v V
1
= 0,2 (l)
D.V = 0,2(l) v V
1
= 0,15 (l) E. Kt qu khc
Li gii:
Th nghim 1:
2
2 0, 2( )
HCl CO
n n mol = =
1
0, 2( ) V l =
Th nghim 2:
S c 2 phn ng: phn ng (1) to
3
HCO

khi no H
+
d mi to
2
CO .
HCl
n to
2
CO :
2
(1)
0, 05( )
HCl CO
n n mol = =
HCl
n to
3
HCO

:
( 2) HCl HCl
n n =
2 3
(1) (2)
0, 2 0, 05 0,15 0,15
HCl Na CO HCl
n n n = = = =
0,15( ) V l B =

Cu 54: Cho cc nhn xt sau:
1. Nhm t bc chy khi tip xc vi kh clo.
2. t chy kim loi Na trong kh quyn oxi ri cho sn phm chy tc dng vi kh sunfur thu c
natrisunfat.
3. Ba c kiu mng tinh th lc phng.
4. Dung dch natri cacbonat dung ty sch vt du m bm trn cc chi tit my mc trc khi sn, trng
kim loi.
5. Vng ho tan c trong nc cng toan v trong dd natri xianua c ho tan kh oxi.
Nhn nh ng l:
A. 1,2,3,4,5 B. 1,2,3,4 C. 1,2,4,5 D. 2,4,5 E. 1,4,5

Cu 55: Nhn nh ng l:
A. Cc dng trong pin in ho v trong in phn l ni xy ra s oxi ho.
B. Catot trong pin in ho v trong in phn l ni xy ra s oxi ho.
C. Anot trong pin in ho v trong in phn l ni xy ra s oxi kh.
D. Cc in cc trong pin in ho v trong in phn c bn cht ging nhau.
E. Tt c u ng.

Cu 56: Trn CuO vi 1 oxit kim loi n ho tr II theo t l mol tng ng l: 1:2 c hhX. Dn H
2
d
qua 3,6g X thu c Y. ho tan ht Y cn 60ml dd HNO
3
2,5M v thu c V(l) NO duy nht v dung
dch ch cha cc mui. Kim loi v th tch kh thu c l:
A. Mg v 0,14(l) B. Mg v 0,28(l). C. Ca v 0,28(l) D. Mg v 0,336 (l) E. p n khc.
Li gii:
Xt 2 trng hp:
1. MO b kh.

3 3 2 2
3 8 3 ( ) 2 4 R HNO R NO NO H O + + +
3x 8x (mol).
8 0,15 0, 01875 x x mol = =
3, 6 80 2 ( 16) 40( ) x x M M Ca = + + = (loi).
2. MO khng b kh.
3 3 2 2
3 8 3 ( ) 2 4 Cu HNO R NO NO H O + + +
x
8
3
x
(mol)
2
3
x

3 3 2 2
2 ( ) MO HNO M NO H O + +
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 18
2x 4x (mol).
Ta c:
8
4 0,15 0, 0225
3
x
x x mol + = =
Tm ra M=24 (Mg).
V=
2
.22, 4 0, 336( )
3
x
l =
Cu 57: Sp xp theo ngt tng dn:
A. Fructozo < Glucozo< Sacarozo < Sacarin B. Glucozo < Fructozo<Sacarin<Sacarozo
C. Sacarin < Sacarozo < Fructozo < Glucozo D. Glucozo< Sacarozo<Sacarin<Fructozo
E. Glucozo< Sacarozo< Fructozo < Sacarin


Cu 58: A l mt dn xut ibrom c CTPT C
4
H
8
Br
2
. Tin hnh phn ng brom ho thu c mt
hidrocacbon duy nht c kh nng trng hp ra mt loi polime rt quen thuc.
Ly 56,4 g A thc hin chui bin ho iu ch mt loi t sau:

A B C D
Khi lng ca D thu c l:
A. 41,79g

B. 16,85g C. 27,16g D. 11,68g

E.14,97g


CTCT A:
2 2 2 2
Br CH CH CH CH Br ,
47
180
A
n mol =
( ) ( ) ( )
2 3
/ /ete
2 2 2
4 4 4
OO OOH
CO H O Mg
Br CH Br BrMg CH MgBr H C CH C
+

( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2 4
2 2 2
4 4 4
OO OO [-O O - ]
H N CH NH
n
H C CH C H C CH C HN CH NH


Tnh ra
47
.0, 9.0,8.0, 72964 0,137 27,16
180
D
n mol m g = = =
Cu 59: A l este 3 chc mch h. un nng 7,9g A vi NaOH d. Kt thc phn ng thu c ancol B v
8,6g mui D. Tch nc t B c th thu c propenal. Cho D tc dng vi HCl thu c 3 axit no, mch h,
n chc trong 2 axit c phn t khi nh l ng phn ca nhau. CTPT ca axit c phn t khi ln l:
A. C
5
H
10
O
2
B.C
7
H
14
O
2
C. C
4
H
8
O
2
D. C
6
H
12
O
2
E. Kt qu khc
Li gii:
Tch nc t B c th thu c propenal => B l glyxerol.
8, 6 7, 9
0, 025
23.3 41
A
n

= =

Gi gc hidrocacbon ca axit c phn t khi b l R
1
,axit c phn t khi ln l R
2

1 2
2 44.3 41 (7, 9 / 0, 025) 316 R R + + + = =
Th
2 4 9 1 3 7
57( 43( ) R C H R C H = = .
Chn A
Cu 60. Oxi ho andehit HOC CH
2
CH
2
CHO trong iu kin thch hp thu c cht X. un nng hh
gm 1mol X v 1 mol ancol metylic vi xc tc H
2
SO
4
c nhn c este Y v Z (M
Z
> M
Y
), vi t l khi
lng m
Y
: m
Z
=1,81. Bit ch c 72% lng ancol phn ng to thnh este. S mol ca Y v Z ln lt l:
A. 0,18 v 0,36 B. 0,24 v 0,12 C. 0,36 v 0,18 D. 0,12 v 0,24 E. Kt qu khc

Li gii:
3 2 2
3 2 2 3
: ( )
: ( )
Y CH OOC CH CH COOH ymol
Z CH OOC CH CH COOCH zmol

132
1, 81 2
146
Y
Z
m y
y z
m z
= = =
Mg/ete ; 90% CO
2
/H
3
O
+
;80% Butan-1,4-iamin ;
72,964%
Trang p n m thi ZKA 2012 19
Mt khc: ch c 72% lng ancol phn ng to thnh este nn 2 0, 72 y z + =
0, 36; 0,18 y z = =

Ht
(Th sinh khng c s dng bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc.
Gim th coi thi khng gii thch g thm.)