Do An Chi Tiet May - Quan

n Chi tit my Gio vin hng dn: L Vn Uyn
Sinh vin: Bi c Qun Lp C kh ng lc 1 K54 1

THUYT MINH
PHN I. TNH NG HC V H DN NG
I. CHN NG C IN
1. Tnh cng sut ca ng c in
- Cng sut trn trc cng tc:

Trong : F - l lc ko bng ti
v - l vn tc bng ti
- Hiu sut truyn ng:

Trong :
: l hiu sut b truyn khp ni trc (khp ni mm).
: l hiu sut cp ln c lm vic trong iu kin che kn
du bi trn (vi m l s cp ln: m=3).
: l hiu sut b truyn bnh rng tr thng lm vic trong
iu kin che kn du bi trn (vi k l s cp bnh rng: k=1)
: l hiu sut b truyn ai lm vic trong iu kin h.
Tra bng 2.3, trang 19.TTTKHDCK-T1,ta c:
; ; ;
=> =
- Cng sut yu cu ca ng c in:
(CT 2.8-Trang 19-TTTKHDCK-T1)
=> = = 5,07 (kW)
2. Xc nh tc ng b ca ng c :
- Tnh s vng quay ca trc cng tc:
Vi h dn ng xch ti:

) / ( 21 , 59
64 19
20 , 1 . 10 . 60 10 . 60
3 3
p v
zp
v
n
ct
=
= =

Trong :
z - l s rng a xch ti
v - l vn tc vng ca xch ti (m/s)
p - l bc xch ti (mm)

- Xc nh s vng quay ng b nn dng cho ng c:
Chn s b t s truyn ca ton b h thng l u
sb

u
sb
= u
sbh
. u
sbx

Trong : u
sbh
t s truyn s b b truyn bnh rng
u
sbx
t s truyn s b b truyn xch
Theo bng 2.4 (trang 21-TTTKHDCK 1) truyn ng bnh rng tr
rng thng 1 cp, truyn ng xch (b truyn ngoi) ta chn:
u
sbh
= 5
u
sbx
= 3
=> u
sb
= 5 3 = 15
- S vng quay s b ca ng c:
=> = 59,21 15 = 888 (v/p)
3. Chn ng c
ng c c chn phi tha mn:

= 888 (v/ph)
Tra bng ph lc 1.3 trang 237 (TTTKHDCK - 1) ta chn c ng
c:
4A132S6Y3 c thng s: P
c
= 5,5 (kW)
n
c
= 960 (v/p)
d
c
= 38 (mm)
II. PHN PHI T S TRUYN
1. Tnh t s truyn chung u
c

2. Phn phi t s truyn chung u
c

Chn s b: u
x
= 3
=> Vy ta c:
III. LP BNG TNH TON
1. Cng sut cc trc
Da vo cng sut cng tc: P
ct
= 4,56 (kW)
- Cng sut trn trc II :
- Cng sut trn trc I :
- Cng sut trn trc ng c : (kW)
2. Vn tc quay trn cc trc
Vn tc trn trc ng c: n
c
= 960 (v/p)
- Vn tc trn trc 1: (v/p)
- Vn tc trn trc 2 : (v/p)
- Vn tc trn trc cng tc : (v/p)
3. M men xon trn cc trc
- Momen xon trn trc ng c:
(N.mm)
- Momen xon trn trc I:
= 49740 (N.mm)
- Momen xon trn trc II:
= 257847 (N.mm)
- Momen xon trn trc cng tc:
(N.mm)
4. Bng tnh ton
Bng 1: Thng s ng hc

Trc
T.s
ng c I (trc vo) II (trc ra) Trc cng tc
u (ln) u
k
= 1,00 u
br
=

5,40 u
x
= 3,00
P (kW)
5,50
(5,05)
5,00 4,80 4,56
n (v/p) 960 960 177,78 59,26
T (N.mm) 50237 49740 257847 734863
PHN II. THIT K CHI TIT MY

I. THIT K B TRUYN BNH RNG TR RNG THNG
1. Chn vt liu v phng php nhit luyn
S liu tnh ton:
- Cng sut : P
1
= 5,00 (kW)
- Tc quay trc ch ng : n
1
= 960 (vng/pht)
- Tc quay trc b ng : n
2
= 177,78 (vng/pht)
- Momen xon : T
1
= 49740 (Nmm)
- T s truyn : u
br
= 5,40
- Thi gian phc v : L
h
= 13000 (gi)
1.1. Chn vt liu
Do cc b truyn bnh rng lm vic khng c yu cu c bit ta chn
vt liu lm ai hai cp bnh rng l nh nhau. Vi b truyn lm vic
vi ti trng nh, theo bng 6.1 (trang 92 TTTKHDCK tp 1) ta chn
vt liu lm bnh rng l thp C45 c ti ci thin.
Bng cc ch tiu ca bnh dn v b dn:
Ch tiu
Phn loi
rn
(HB)
Gii hn bn
(Mpa)
Gii hn chy
(Mpa)
Bnh dn 250 850 580
Bnh b dn 240 750 450

2. Xc nh ng sut cho php
2.1 Xc nh ng sut tip xc cho php :
Theo cng thc 6.1a (trang 93 TTTKHDCK tp 1)
(coi Z
R
Z
V
K
xH
= 1)
- : ng sut tip xc cho php ng vi s chu k c s
Tra bng 6.2 (TTTKHDCK 1) ta c :

= 2 HB + 70
=2 HB
1
+ 70 = 2 250+70 = 570 Mpa
=2 HB
2
+ 70 = 2 240+70 = 550 Mpa
- S
H
: h s an ton khi tip xc, tra bng 6.2 ta c :
S
H1
= S
H2
= 1,1
- K
HL
: h s tui th xt n nh hng ca thi gian phc v v ch
ti trng ca b truyn, xc nh theo cng thc :
K
HL
= H
m
HE
HO
N
N

Trong :
- m
H
: bc ca ng cong mi = 6
- N
HO
: s chu k thay i ng sut c s khi th v tip xc
N
HO1
= 30
4 , 2
1 HB
H = 30 250
2,4
= 17,07 10
6

N
HO2
= 30
4 , 2
2 HB
H = 30 240
2,4
= 15,47 10
6

- N
HE
: s chu k thay i ng sut tng ng
=

K
HL2
= 1

=> N
HE1
> N
HO1
=> K
HL1
= 1

V s dng bnh rng tr rng thng nn ng sut tip xc cho php:
| | | | | |
1 2
Min{ , }
H H H
o o o =
= 500,00 (MPa)
ng sut cho php khi qu ti:
(MPa)
2.2 Xc nh ng sut un cho php
Theo cng thc 6.2a ta c:
(Y
R
.Y
S
.K
xF
= 1)
- : ng sut un cho php vi chu k c s. Theo bng 6.2 ta c :
= 1,8.HB
= 1,8. HB
1
= 1,8.250 = 450Mpa
= 1,8. HB
2
= 1,8.240 = 432Mpa
- S
F
: h s an ton, tra bng 6.2 ta c S
F
=1,75
- K
FC
: h s xt n s t ti, khi t ti 1 pha K
FC
=1
- K
FL
: h s tui th, tnh theo cng thc 6.4
K
FL
=
F
FO
m
FE
N
N

-
m
F
: bc ca ng cong mi khi kh v un m
F
= 6 (do vt liu c
cng < 350HB)

- N
FO
: s chu k thay i ng sut c s khi th v un N
OF
=4.10
6
(i vi mi loi thp)
- N
FE
: s chu k thay i ng sut tng ng.
N
FE
= 60.c.
i i
n
i
m
m
i
t n
T
T
F
. .
1
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
= 60.c.n
i
.t

N
FE2
= 60 1 177,78 13000 =
K
FL2
= 1

=> N
FE1
> N
FO
=> K
HL1
= 1

ng sut un qu ti cho php :
.
.
=> = 464(Mpa).

3. Xc nh cc thng s b truyn:
3.1 Xc nh s b khong cch trc:
a
w1
= K
a
.(u
br
+1)
Trong :
- K
a
: h s ph thuc vo vt liu ca cp bnh rng, tra bng 6.5 c
K
a
=49,5
- K
H |
: h s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng vnh
rng khi tnh v tip xc, tra bng 6.7 trong
bd
c xc nh theo
cng thc :
bd
=0,53.
ba
.(u
br
+1)
Chn
ba
= 0,3 =>
bd
= 0,53.0,3.(5,4+1) = 1,02
Vy K
H |
= 1,05
=> a
w1
= 49,5.(5,4+1). = 160,05 (mm)
Ly a
w1
= 160 (mm)
3.2 Xc nh cc thng s n khp
Mun ca bnh rng c xc nh theo cng thc s b
m = (0,010,02). a
w1
= 1,6 3,2 theo tiu chun chn m = 2,5
- S rng ca bnh rng nh:
Theo cng thc 6.19 (trang 99 TTTKHDCK tp 1) :
Z
1
=
( ) 1 .
2
+ u m
a
w
= (rng)
- S rng ca bnh rng ln:
Z
2
= u
br
.z
1
= 5,4.20 = 108 (rng)
Khong cch trc a
w
xc nh li theo cng thc:
a
w1

= = a
w1

=> chn a
w1
= 160 mm v khng cn dch chnh.
4. Kim nghim rng v bn:
4.1 Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc:
Yu cu m bo bn tip xc: o
H
s [o
H
]
ng sut tip xc xut hin trn mt rng ca b truyn tha mn iu
kin:
o
H
= Z
M
Z
H
Z
c

2
1
1
. . .
) 1 .( . . 2
w w
H
d u b
u K T +

Trong :
- Z
M
H s xt n c tnh vt liu bnh rng n khp, tra bng 6.5
ta c: Z
M
= 274 (Mpa)
1/3

- Z
H
H s k n hnh dng ca b mt tip xc, tra bng 6.12 ta c
Z
H
= 1,76
- Zc H s k n s trng khp ca rng,

nn:
= 1,88 3,2 69 , 1
108
1
20
1
. 2 , 3 88 , 1
1 1
2 1
= |
.
|
\
|
+ =
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
Z Z

Zc =
- K
H
H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc
Ta c: K
H
=
HV H H
K K K . .
o |

Trong :
-
o H
K : h s k n s phn b khng u ti trng cho cc i
rng ng thi n khp, vi rng thng
o H
K =1
-
| H
K : h s k n s phn b khng u ti trng trn chiu rng
vnh rng, tra bng 6.7 ta c:
| H
K =1,05
-
HV
K : h s ti trng ng xut hin trong vng n khp tnh theo
cng thc 6.41 :
HV
K = 1+
o |
e
H H
w H
K K T
d b V
. . . 2
. .
1
1
Trong :
v
H
=
u
a
v g
w
H
. . .
0
o
d
w1
= 50 (mm)
=> v = 2,51(m/s)
theo bng 6.13 chn cp chnh xc = 8; g
0
: h s k n nh
hng ca sai lch bc rng bnh rng 1 v 2, tra bng 6.16
c g
0
= 56;
H
o : h s k n nh hng ca cc thng s n
khp, tra bng 6.15 ta c:
H
o = 0,006; b
w
: chiu rng vnh
rng, c: b
w
=
1
.
w ba
a = 0,3.160 = 48
=> v
H
=
u
a
v g
w
H
. . .
0
o = 0,006.56.2,51. = 4,59 (m/s)
=> K
HV
= 1+
o | H H
w w H
K K T
d b V
. . . 2
. .
1
1
=1+ 1,11
=>
HV H H H
K K K K . .
| o
= = 1.1,05.1,11 = 1,17
Thay s vo ta c:
o
H
= 274.1,76.0,88. = 455,00 (MPa)
* Tnh chnh xc ng sut tip xc cho php:
[o
H
] = [o
H
]. Z
R
Z
v
K
xH

Trong :
- Z
R
h s k n nhm ca mt rng lm vic. Cp chnh xc
ng hc l 8, chn mc chnh xc tip xc l 8. Khi cn gia
cng t nhm l: R
a
= 2,5...1,25 m, do Z
R
= 0,95
- Z
v
h s xt n nh hng ca vn tc ti vng. V v < 5(m/s)
nn Z
v
= 1
- K
xH
h s xt n nh hng ca kch thc bnh rng, vi d
a
<
700 (mm) => K
xH
=1
=> [o
H
]= 500,00 . 0,95 . 1. 1 = 475,00 (Mpa)
o
H
s [o
H
] nhng chnh lch ny nh, do c th gim chiu rng
rng, ta c:
b
w1
= 48. (455 /475)
2
= 44,04 (mm); chn b
w1
= 45 (mm)
Ta tnh li c ng sut tip xc: o
H
= 467,91 (MPa).
Vy rng m bo v bn tip xc.
4.2 Kim nghim rng v bn un:
m bo bn un cho rng, ng sut un sinh ra ti chn rng khng
c vt qu mt gi tr cho php:

Trong :
- : l h s ti trng khi tnh v un:
- Bnh rng thng nn
- Theo bng 6.7 ta chn
- h s k n ti trng ng xut hin trong vng n khp
khi tnh v un:

Trong :
Theo bng 6.15-Trang 107- TTTKHDCK-T1, ;

=> V
F
24 , 12
4 , 5
160
. 51 , 2 . 56 . 016 , 0 = =
=> K
FV
25 , 1
1 . 1 , 1 . 49740 . 2
50 . 45 . 24 , 12
1 = + =
=> K
F
= 1 .1,1 . 1,25 = 1,38
- : l h s xt n s trng khp:

- h s xt n nghing ca rng, vi rng thng
- h s dng rng ca cp bnh rng, tra bng 6.18 (Trang
109 TTTKHDCK-T1), ta c:

Thay s vo ta c:
= 35 , 44
5 , 2 . 50 . 45
08 , 3 . 1 . 59 , 0 . 38 , 1 . 49740 . 2
=

(MPa)
= 84 , 51
08 , 3
60 , 3 . 35 , 44
= (MPa)
Tnh chnh xc:
.
.
.
Trong :
- l h s xt n nhy ca vt liu i vi tp trung ng sut
c xc nh:

- l h s xt n nh hng ca nhm mt ln chn rng
thng thng
-
Thay s vo ta c:
> (80 (MPa)).
> (77,38(MPa)).
Vy rng m bo v bn un.
4.3 Kim rng v qu ti:
Khi lm vic bnh rng c th b qu ti (lc m my, hm my hoc c s
c bt thng ). V vy cn kim nghim rng v qu ti da vo ng
sut tip xc v ng sut un cc i.
H s qu ti:
Trong : l Mmen xon danh ngha
l momen xon qu ti
l mmen m my
tnh c bin dng d hoc gy n lp b mt, ng sut tip xc cho
php
Vi cc gi tr tnh c trn:
(MPa) [ =1624(MPa)
=> = (MPa)
phng bin dng d hoc ph hng tnh mt ln chn rng, ng
sut un cc i khng c vt qu gi tr cho php:
.
Vi cc gi tr c tnh trn:
(MPa)
(MPa)
[ = 464(MPa)
=> = 261,25. = 387,50 (MPa)
=> = 250,81. = 372,01 (MPa).
Vy b truyn m bo v qu ti.
5. Xc nh cc kch thc ca b truyn
- ng knh chia:
d
1
=m.z
1
=2,5. 20 = 50 (mm)
d
2
=m.z
2
=2,5. 108 = 270 (mm)
- ng knh vng ln:
d
W1
= 50 (mm)
d
W2
= d
W1.
u
br
= 50.5,4 = 270 (mm)
- ng knh nh rng:
d
a1
= d
1
+ 2.( 1+x
1
-Ay ).m = 50 + 2.(1+0-0).2,5 = 55 (mm)
d
a2
= d
2
+ 2. ( 1+x
2
-Ay ).m = 270 + 2.(1+0-0).2,5 = 275 (mm)
- ng knh y rng:
d
f1
= d
1
( 2,5 - 2.x
1
) . m = 50

( 2,5 - 2.0

) . 2,5 = 43,75 (mm)
d
f2
= d
2
- ( 2,5 - 2.x
2
) . m = 270

( 2,5 - 2.0

) . 2,5 = 263,75 (mm)
- ng knh c s:
d
b1
= d
1
. cos o =50. cos 20
= 46,98 (mm)
d
b2
= d
2
. cos o = 270. cos 20
= 253,72 (mm)
(Vi : gc prfin gc xc nh theo (TCVN ).
- Chiu rng vnh rng:
b
w1
= 45 (mm)
- Gc prfin rng bng gc n khp v bng gc profin gc:
o
t
= o
tw
= = 20
o

Bng 2: Thng s hnh hc c bn bnh rng tr rng thng

Thng s K hiu Bnh dn Bnh b dn
M un m 2,5
S rng z z
1
= 20 z
2
= 108
Chiu rng vnh rng
b
w
45 mm
Khong cch trc chia a 160 mm
Khong cch trc a
w
160 mm
ng knh chia d d
1
=50 mm d
2
=270 mm
ng knh ln d
w
d
w1
=50 mm d
w2
=270 mm
ng knh nh rng d
a
d
a1
=55 mm d
a2
=275 mm
ng knh y rng d
f
d
f1
=43,75 mm d
f2
=263,75 mm
ng knh c s d
b
d
b1
=46,98 mm d
b2
=253,72 mm
Gc profin gc
(TCVN 105-71)
20
o

Gc profin rng o
t
20
o

Gc n khp o
tw
20
o

H s dch chnh x 0
H s trng khp ngang

1,69

6. Xc nh lc tc dng ln bnh rng khi n khp
Lc tc dng khi n khp trong b truyn c chia lm 3 thnh phn:
- Lc vng F
t
bnh ch ng ngc chiu vi chiu quay trc , hng
tip tuyn.
(N).

- Lc hng tm F
r
vung gc vi trc hng t im t lc v pha
trc

- Lc dc trc F
a
hng dc trc: F
a
= 0

II. THIT K B TRUYN XCH
1. Chn loi xch
C 3 loi xch l: xch ng, xch ng con ln v xch rng. Cn c vo cc
ch tiu v thng s cn thit t ra (ti trng va phi, tc nh, tui th
cao...) ta thy rng loi xch thch hp y l xch ng con ln. u im
ca xch ng con ln l tui th cao hn xch ng, ch to d hn xch rng
v thch hp dng trong cc b truyn c tc nh.
2. Xc nh cc thng s c bn
- Chn s rng z
1
v tnh z
2

Tiu chun chn s rng a xch l: khi s rng a xch cng t, a b
ng quay cng khng u, ng nng va p ln lm cho xch cng chng
mn, khi lm vic gy ra nhiu ting n. Mt khc, nu s rng a xch ln
sau mt thi gian lm vic do mn, bc xch p ca xch tng ln lm cho
xch hay b tut khi a. Cn c vo cc ch tiu trn ng thi kt hp
vi bng 5.4 (trang 80, TTTKHDCK tp 1) vi u
x
= 3 chn:
z
1
= 25 (rng)
z
2
= u
x
.z
1
= 3.25 = 75(rng)
- Chn bc xch p
Bc xch p c xc nh t ch tiu v bn mn ca bn l, chnh v
vy khi thit k cn c vo cng sut truyn P, ch tiu lm vic ca b
truyn ta s cc nh bc xch p da theo yu cu m bo iu kin bn
mn. iu kin bo m ch tiu bn mn c biu din theo cng thc
5.3 (trang 81 TTTKHDCK 1):
| | P k k k P P
n z t
s = . . .

Trong :
1
25
25
1
01
= = =
z
z
k
z
: h s s rng.
125 , 1
78 , 177
200
2
01
= = =
n
n
k
n
: h s s vng quay.
69 , 1 25 , 1 . 35 , 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . 1 . . . . .
0
= = =
c d bt dc a
k k k k k k k

Vi:
P = P
2
= 4,80 kW
1 =
o
k b truyn nghing mt gc | =40
o

1 =
a
k chn khong cch trc p a 40 =
1 =
dc
k v tr trc c iu chnh bng mt trong cc a xch
1 =
bt
k b truyn lm vic trong mi trng khng bi, cht lng
bi trn t yu cu (II)
1 =
d
k ,35 ti trng va p va
25 , 1 =
c
k b truyn lm vic 2 ca.
Vy: 13 , 9 125 , 1 . 1 . 69 , 1 . 80 , 4 = =
t
P kW
Theo bng 5.5 v 5.8 vi n
01
= 200 (v/p), chn b truyn xch 1 dy c
bc xch p = 25,4 mm tha mn iu kin bn mn:
P
t
< [P] = 11,0 Kw p > p
max

- Xc nh khong cch tm a v chiu di dy xch L
- Chn gi tr khong cch trc a = 40p = 40.25,4 = 1016 (mm)
- T gi tr s b khong cch trc a tnh c trn ta c th xc
nh s mt xch x theo cng thc 5.12 (trang 85, TTTKHDCK 1):
( ) ( )
58 , 131
1016 . 4
4 , 25 . 25 75
2
75 25
4 , 25
1016 . 2
4 2
2
2
2
2
2
1 2 2 1
=
+
+
+ =
+
+
+ =
t t a
p z z z z
p
a
x
.
- trnh phi s dng mt xch ni (lm yu xch) s mt xch c
qui trn theo s chn: x = 132 mt xch. Vy khong cch trc thc a
theo cng thc 5.13 l:
( ) ( ) | |
|
.
|
\
|
+ + + =
2
1 2
2
1 2 1 2
2 5 , 0 5 , 0 25 , 0
t
z z
z z x z z x p a
.
( ) ) ( 1021
25 75
. 2
2
75 25
132 75 25 . 5 , 0 132 . 4 , 25 . 25 , 0
2 2
mm a =
|
.
|
\
|
+
+ + =
t

- hn ch lc cng xch cn gim bt a mt lng:
) ( 3 1021 . 003 , 0 . 003 , 0 mm a a ~ = = A
do a = 1018 (mm)
- S ln va p ca xch, cng thc 5.14:
| | i
x
n z
i = < = = = 35 24 , 2
132 . 15
78 , 177 . 25
15
1 1
(bng 5.9)
Vy s ln va p ca xch trong mt giy l hon ton m bo.
- Chiu di dy xch L:


3. Xc nh lc tc dng ln trc
Lc tc dng ln trc c xc nh theo cng thc 5.20:
) ( 82 , 2933
78 , 177 . 4 , 25 . 25
8 , 4 . 15 , 1 . 10 . 6 10 . 6
.
7
1 1
7
N
pn z
P k
F k F
x
t x r
= = = =
Trong :
- 15 , 1 =
x
k h s k n trng lng ca xch, b truyn nghing mt
gc 40
o

- F
t
l lc vng
4. Kt cu a xch
Theo cng thc 5.17 v bng 13.4 ta c:
-
|
.
|
\
|
=
z
p
d
t
sin
66 , 202
1
= d mm 56 , 606
2
= d mm
-
(
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
z
g p d
a
t
cot 5 , 0
76 , 213
1
=
a
d mm 73 , 618
2
=
a
d mm
-
r d d
f
2 =
(vi r = 0,5025.15,88+0,05 = 8,03)
6 , 186
1
=
f
d mm 5 , 590
2
=
f
d mm

Bng 3. Cc thng s c bn ca b truyn xch
Loi xch Xch ng con ln
Bc xch p (mm) 25,4
Khong cch trc a (mm) 1018
Chiu di dy xch L (mm) 3362
S rng a xch z (rng) z
1
= 25 z
2
= 75
ng knh vng chia d (mm) d
1
= 202,66 d
2
= 606,56
ng knh vng nh d
a
(mm) d
a1
= 213,76 d
a2
= 618,73
ng knh vng chn d
f
(mm) d
f1
= 186,6 d
f2
= 590,5
S mt xch x (mt) x = 132

III. CCH CHN KHP NI
1. Chn loi khp ni
Chn khp ni trc vng n hi
2. Kch thc khp ni
Mmen xon ti trc ng c: T
c
= 50,237 (N.m)
Mmen tnh ton: T
t
= k.T
c
= 1,7.50,237 = 85,403 (Nm)
Trong :
k: h s ch lm vic tra bng 16-1 (trang 58, TTTKHDCK 2)
k = 1,7
Tra bng 16.10a (trang 69 TTTKHDCK T2) kch thc c bn ca
ni trc vng n hi c tra theo mmen xon :
T = 125 (N.m) d = 36 (mm) D = 125 (mm)
d
m
= 65 (mm) L = 165 (mm) l = 80 (mm)
d
1
= 60 (mm) D
o
= 90 (mm) Z = 4
n
max
= 4600 (v/p) B = 5 B
1
= 42
l
1
= 30 (mm) D
3
= 28 (mm) l
2
= 32 (mm)
Bng 16.10b (Trang 69 TTTKHDCK T2), kch thc c bn ca
vng n hi :
T = 125 (N.m) d
c
= 14(mm) d
1
= M10
D
2
=20 (mm) l = 62 (mm) l
1
= 34 (mm)
l
2
= 15 (mm) l
3
= 28 (mm) h =1,5

IV. THIT K TRC THEN
1. Chn vt liu
Chn vt li ch to trc l thp 45 ti ci thin c:
v ng sut xon cho php :
| | ). ( 20 12 MPa = t

2. Lc tc dng ln trc
2.1 Xc nh vect lc tc dng

2.2 Xc nh gi tr cc lc tc dng
- Lc vng F
t1
bnh ch ng ngc chiu vi chiu quay trc, F
t2
bnh
b ng cng chiu vi chiu quay trc, hng tip tuyn:
(N).

- Lc hng tm F
r
vung gc vi trc hng t im t lc v pha
trc:

- Lc tc dng t b truyn xch F
x
. Chiu lc ny theo phng Ox Oy ta
c 2 lc F
xx
v F
xy
:
F
xx
= F
x
.cos(40
o
) = 2933,82. cos(40
o
) = 2247,44 (N)
F
xy
= F
x
.sin(40
o
) = 2933,82. sin(40
o
) = 1885,82 (N)
- Lc khp ni F
k
c phng chiu nh hnh v (chiu ca lc F
k
lm
tng ng sut v bin dng do lc vng gy ln):
F
k
= (0,20,3)F
t
= (0,20,3) = 0,25. = 341,61 (N)
3. Tnh thit k trc
3.1 Tnh s b ng knh trc
ng knh u vo trc c xc nh theo cng thc 10.9 (Trang
188-TTTKHDCK-T1):

| |
3
2 , 0 t
T
d =

| |
)
`
=
=
) ( 12
) . ( 49740
1
MPa
m N T
t
=>
47 , 27
12 . 2 , 0
49740
3
1
= = d
(mm)
Chn d
1
= 35mm, tra bng 10.2 c chiu rng ln b
01
= 21mm

| |
)
`
=
=
) ( 20
) . ( 257847
2
MPa
m N T
t
=> 10 , 40
20 . 2 , 0
257847
3
2
= = d (mm)
Chn d
2
= 45mm tra bng 10.2 c chiu rng ln b
02
= 25mm.

3.2 Xc nh khong cch gia cc im t lc
3.2.1 Chiu di may bnh rng, a xch, ni trc:
- Ta c cc k hiu:
- l
mki
may ca cc chi tit quay th i trn trc k
- l
ki
l khong cch t gi i=0 n chi tit quay th i trn trc k
- l
cki
l khong cch Cng Xn (khong chia ) tnh t chi tit th i
ngoi hp gim tc n gi i=0
- b
ki
l chiu rng vnh bnh th i trn trc th k
- b
ok
l b rng ln trn trc th k
- r
ki
l bn knh trung bnh ca chi tit quay th i trn trc k .
Xc nh theo cng thc 10.10- Trang189, TTTKHDCK T1
- Trn trc 1:
- Chiu di may bnh rng 1:
l
m13
= (1,2 1,5 ).d
1
= (1,2 1,5 ).35 = (4252,5) (mm).
Chn l
m13
= 45 (mm).
- Chiu di may na khp ni trc :
l
m12
= (1,4 2,5 ).d
1
= (1,4 2,5 ).35 = (49 87,5) (mm).
Chn l
m12
= 65 (mm).

- Trn trc 2:
- Chiu di may bnh rng 2:
l
m23
= (1,2 1,5 ).d
2
= (1,2 1,5 ).45 = (5467,5) (mm).
Chn l
m23
= 60 (mm).

- Chiu di may a xch:
l
m22
= (1,2 1,5 ).d
2
= (1,2 1,5 ).45 = (5467,5) (mm).
Chn l
mx
= 60 (mm).
3.2.2 Khong cch gia cc im t lc:

- Theo bng 10.3- Trang 189-TTTKHDCK-T1: Chn cc khong cch:
- T mt mt ca chi tit quay n thnh trong ca hp gim tc hoc
gia cc chi tit quay: k
1
=10(mm)
- T mt mt ca n thnh trong ca hp: k
2
=7(mm), chn cch
bi trn bng du
- T mt mt ca chi tit quay n np : k
3
=15(mm)
- Chiu cao np v u bulng: h
n
=20 (mm)
Theo bng 10.4 Trang 191- TTTKHDCK-T1:
- Trn trc I:
- l
12
= 0,5(l
m12
+ b
o1
) +k
3
+h
n
= 0,5(65+21)+15+20 = 78(mm)
- l
13
= 0,5(l
m13
+ b
o1
)+k
1
+ k
2
= 0,5(45+21)+10+7 = 50(mm)
- l
11
= 2.l
13
= 2.50 = 100(mm)
- Trn trc II:
- l
21
= l
11
= 100(mm)
- l
23
= l
13
= 50 (mm)
- l
22
= 0,5(l
m22
+b
o2
)+k
3
+h
n
= 0,5(60+25)+15+20 = 77,5(mm)
chn l
22
= 78(mm)

4. Tnh ton trc ra (II) hp gim tc theo h s an ton mi
4.1 Xc nh s lc v s tnh trc
3
6
H
7
/
k
6
4
0
k
6
4
0
H
7
/
k
6
3
5
k
6
l23
Ft2=1990(N)
Fr2=724(N)
F1y=1833(N)
1 0
F1x=2778(N)
Fxy=1886(N)
Fx
147094(Nmm)
94151(Nmm)
175297(Nmm) 137388(Nmm)
257847(Nmm)
F0x=3006(N)
F0y=3045(N)
2
3
Fxx=2247(N)

4.2 Xc nh phn lc gi ta v v biu mmen M
ux
; M
uy
; T
4.2.1 Phn lc gi ta:
Gi s phn lc gi c phng chiu nh hnh v (vi h ta
chn). Cc phn lc l F
0x
; F
0y
; F
1x
; F
1y
.
Ta c phng trnh cn bng mmen ti gi 0 theo phng trnh:
Ox: EM
0
(F
x
) = F
xx
.l
22
+ F
t2
.l
23
F
1x
.l
21
= 0
=> F
1x
= (F
xx
.l
22
+ F
t2
.l
23
)/l
21
= (2247,4.78 + 1989,6.50)/100
= 2747,77(N)
O
Y
: EM
0
(F
y
) = F
xy
.l
22
+ F
r2
.l
23
F
1y
.l
21
= 0
=> F
1y
= (F
xy
.l
22
+ F
r2
.l
23
)/l
21
= (1885,82.78 + 724,16.50)/100
= 1833,02(N)
Phng trnh cn bng lc trn trc theo phng:
O
x
: F
x
= F
xx
- F
0x
- F
t2
+ F
1x
= 0
=> F
0x
= F
xx
- F
t2
+ F
1x
= 2247,4 1989,6 + 2747,77
= 3005,57(N)
O
y
: F
y
= F
xy
- F
oy
F
r2
+ F
1y
= 0
=> F
0y
= F
xy
- F
r2
+ F
1y
= 1885,82 724,16 + 1883,02
= 3044,68(N)
Ta thy F
0x
; F
0y
; F
1x
; F
1y
>0 chiu gi thit ca cc phn lc l ng
Phn lc tng trn hai :
) ( 26 , 4278 68 , 3044 57 , 3005
2 2 2
0
2
0 0
N F F F
y x
= + = + =

) ( 07 , 3331 02 , 1883 77 , 2747
2 2 2
1
2
1 1
N F F F
y x
= + = + =

4.2.2 Mmen ti cc thit din 0,1,2,3 theo phng Ox, Oy:
O
x
: M
x0
= F
xx
.l
22
= 2247,4.78 = 175297,2 (Nmm)

M
x3
= F
1x
.(l
21
-l
13
) = 2747,77.(100 - 50) = 137388,5 (Nmm)
M
x2
= 0(Nmm); M
x1
= 0(Nmm).
O
y
: M
y0
= F
xy
.l
22
=1885,82.78 = 147093,96 (Nmm)
M
y2
= 0(Nmm); M
y1
= 0(Nmm)
M
y3
= F
1y
.(l
21
-l
13
)

= 1883,02(100 - 50) = 94151 (Nmm)
4.2.3 Mmen un tng v mmen tng ng:
Theo cng thc (10.15) v (10.16) -Trang 194-TTTKHDCK-T10

) (
2 2
Nmm M M M
yi xi i
+ =

M
0
= 228835,6 (Nmm); M
1
= 0;
M
2
= 0; M
3
= 166553,33(Nmm)
) ( . 75 , 0
2 2
Nmm T M M
i i tdi
+ =

M
td0
= 319733,54(Nmm) M
td1
= 0(Nmm)
M
td2
= 223302,05(Nmm) M
td3
= 278574,62(Nmm)

4.3 Tnh gn ng ng knh trc theo M
u
v T
ng knh trc (chnh xc) ti tit din th (i) trn trc c tnh theo
cng thc (10.18) - Trang 194-TTTKHDCK-T1
| |
) (
. 1 , 0
3
mm
M
d
tdi
i
o
=

Trn trc (II) c , do c bnh rng lin trc ln
chn vt liu ging vt liu bnh rng l thp 45 ti ci thin t bn
. Vy theo bng 10.5 (Trang 195-TTTKHTDCK-T1)
ng sut cho php ca trc l:
Ti cc tit din 0, 1, 2, 3 ta c:
| |
) ( 27 , 35
67 . 1 , 0
54 , 319733
. 1 , 0
3 3
0
0
mm
M
d
td
= = =
o

| |
) ( 0
67 . 1 , 0
0
. 1 , 0
3 3
1
1
mm
M
d
td
= = =
o

| |
) ( 18 , 32
67 . 1 , 0
05 , 223302
. 1 , 0
3 3
2
2
mm
M
d
td
= = =
o

| |
) ( 64 , 34
67 . 1 , 0
62 , 278574
. 1 , 0
3 3
3
3
mm
M
d
td
= = =
o

m bo cc iu kin v bn, cng ngh gia cng v cng ngh
lp ghp ta chn ng knh cc on trc l:
d
0
= d
3
= 40 (mm) d
1
= 35 (mm) d
2
= 36(mm)

4.4 Chn kch thc then v kim nghim bn then theo bn ct
v bn dp
Mi ghp then dng truyn mmen xn t trc ti cc chi tit lp
trn trc hay ngc li. Cc then dng trong b truyn l then bng.
Trong qu trnh lm vic mi ghp then c th b hng do dp b mt
lm vic, ngoi ra then c th hng do b ct. iu kin m bo
bn dp v bn ct theo cng thc 9.1v 9.2 (Trang 173-
TTTKHDCK-T1):
| |
d
1 t
d
) t h ( l . d
T 2
o s
= o

| |
c
t
c
b . l . d
T 2
t s = t

Trong :
o
d
, t
c
L ng sut dp v ng sut ct tnh ton (MPa)
[o
d
] L ng sut dp cho php (MPa)
[t
c
] L ng sut ct cho php (MPa)
d ng knh trc (Nmm)
T Mmen xon trn trc (Nmm)
b, h, t Kch thc ca then (mm). Tra trong bng 9.1a (Trang-
173-TTTKHTDCK-T1.
l
t
Chiu di then c xc nh theo cng thc :
l
t
= (0,80,9).l
mk

Vi dng lp c nh, vt liu may l thp, va p va. Theo bng 9.5
(trang 178-TTTKHTDCK-T1), ta c:
[o
d
] = 100(Mpa) [t
c
] = 6090(Mpa)
- Then ca bnh xch: d
2
= 36(mm) theo bng 9.1a. Ta c:
Kch thc tit din then: b = 10(mm); h = 8(mm)
Chiu su tit din then: t
1
= 5(mm); t
2
= 3,3(mm)
Chiu di then: l
t
= (0,80,9).l
m22
= (0,80,9).60 = (4854) (mm)
=> Ly l
t
= 50(mm)
ng sut dp v ng sut ct tnh ton:

| |
c
t
c
b l d
T
t t < = = = 66 , 28
10 . 50 . 36
257847 . 2
. .
2
2
2

- Then ca bnh rng 2: d
3
1
= 5(mm); t
2
= 3,3(mm)
Chiu di then: l
t
= (0,80,9).l
m23
= (0,80,9).60 = (4854) (mm)
=> Ly l
t
= 50(mm)
ng sut dp v ng sut ct tnh ton:

| |
c
t
c
b l d
T
t t < = = = 56 , 24
12 . 50 . 35
257847 . 2
. .
2
2
2

4.5 V s b kt cu trc theo kch thc trc v then chn
V phn 4.1
4.6 Kim nghim h s an ton theo kt cu chn
Da vo biu momen trn cc trc ta thy trc II chu ti trng ln
c mmen xon v mmen tng ng u ln nht so vi 2 trc cn
li . Do vy ta kim nghim bn mi cho trc II ti hai tit din: ch
lp ln (0) v ch lp bnh rng 2 (3). Kt cu trc c thit k m
bo bn mi nu h s an ton ti tit din nguy him tha mn iu
kin 10.19 (trang 195- TTTKHDCK-T1):
| | s
s s
s s
s
j j
j j
i
>
+
=
t o
t o
2 2
.

Trong :
[s] H s an ton cho php [s] = (1,5 2,5)

- s
oj,
s
tj
Ln lt l h s an ton ch xt n ng sut php v ng
sut tip ti tit din (i) v h s an ton ch xt n ng sut php v
ng sut tip ti tit din i c xc nh theo cng thc (10.20) v
(10.21) (Trang 195-TTTTKHDCK-T1):
mi ai di
i
K
s
o o
o
o o
o
. .
1
+
=

mi ai di
i
K
s
t t
o
t t
t
. .
1
+
=

Trong :

- o
-1
, t
-1
Ln lt l gii hn mi v xon ng vi chu k i
xng. i vi vt liu trc l thp cacbon 45 c o
b
>
850(Mpa)
o
-1
= 0,436.o
b
= 0,436.850 = 370,6(MPa)
t
-1
= 0,58.o
-1
= 0,58.370,6 = 214,95(MPa).
-
o
ai
, o
mi
, t
ai
, t
mi
l bin v tr s trung bnh ca ng sut
php v ng sut tip ti tit din i.

i vi trc quay, ng sut un thay i theo chu k i
xng:

o
mi
= 0; o
ai
= o
maxi
= M
i
/W
i

M
i
, T
i
l mmen un tng v mmen xon tai tit din(i)
Trc quay mt chiu nn ng sut xon thay i theo chu
trnh mch ng. ta c :
oi
i i
ai mi
W
T
. 2 2
max
= = =
t
t t
W
i
, W
oi
l mmen cn un v mmen cn xon ti tit
din (i) ca trc, c xc nh theo bng 10.6 trang 196
TTTKHTDCK - T1:
-
o
,
t
h s k n nh hng ca tr s ng sut trung bnh
n bn mi, theo bng 10.7 trang 197 TTTKHTDCK-T1
vi o
b
= 850 MPa =>
o
= 0,1;
t
= 0,05
- K
odi
, K
tdi
l h s c xc nh theo cng thc (10.25) v
(10.26)-Trang 197-TTTKHDCK-T1:
K
odi
=( K
o
/c
o
+K
x
-1)K
y
K
tdi
=( K
t
/c
t
+K
x
-1)K
y
K
x
h s tp trung ng sut do trng thi b mt. Theo
bng 10.8 Trang 197-TTTKHDCK-T1, ng vi phng
php tin t Ra(2,5 .. 0,63) v o
b
= 850Mpa => K
x
= 1,10
K
y
h s tng bn b mt. Khng dng cc bin php
tng bn => K
y
= 1
c
o
, c
t
h s kch thc k n nh hng ca kch thc
ti tit din n gii hn mi, tra bng 10.10. K
o
, K
t
h
s tp trung ng sut thc t khi un v xon ph thuc
vo cc loi yu t gy tp trung ng sut. Tr s K
o
/c
o
,
K
t
/c
t
tra theo bng 10.11 trang 198 TTTKHTDCK T1.
i vi b mt trc lp c i, ti tit din 0 v 3 chn
kiu lp h6 vi o
b
= 850MPa ng knh d = 40mm
=> K
o
/c
o
= 2,11; K
t
/c
t
= 1,67
Ti tit din 0, 3 c d
0
= d
2
= 40(mm), theo bng 10.10
trang 198 TTTKHDCK-T1, i vi thp cacbon:
c
o
= 0,85; c
t
= 0,78
Rnh then trn trc c ct bng dao phay ngn vi o
b
=
850Mpa => K
o
= 2,01; K
t
=1,88.
=> K
o
/c
o
= 2,11/0,85 = 2,48; K
t
/c
t
= 1,67/0,78 = 2,14.
Vy gi tr K
o
/c
o
v K
t
/c
t
dng tnh K
odi
, K
tdi
l:
K
o
/c
o
=2,48; K
t
/c
t
=2,14
=> K
od
= (K
o
/c
o
+K
x
-1)K
y
= (2,48+1,10-1)/1 = 2,58
=> K
td
= (K
t
/c
t
+K
x
-1)K
y
= (2,14+1,10-1)/1 = 2,24
4.6.1 Ti tit lp ln (0) d
0
= 40(mm)
Ta c mmen un tng M
0
= 319733,54 (Nmm).
Mmen xon T
0
= T
2
= 257847(Nmm).
Vi tit din trn:
Mmen cn un W
0
: W
0
= t(d
0
)
3
/32 = t(40
3
)/32 = 6283,19
Mmen cn xon W
o0
: W
o0
= t(d
0
)
3
/16 = t(40
3
)/16 = 12566,37
Bin v tr s trung bnh ca ng sut php:
o
m0
= 0; o
a0
= o
max
= M
0
/W
0
=319733,54/6283,19 = 50,89 (MPa)
Bin v tr s trung bnh ca ng sut tip:
t
m0
= t
a0
= t
max0
/2 = T
0
/2W
o0
=257847/2.12566,37= 10,26(MPa)
H s an ton ch xt n ng sut php c xc nh:
82 , 2
0 . 1 , 0 89 , 50 . 58 , 2
6 , 370
. .
0 0 0
1
0
=
+
=
+
=

m a d
K
s
o o
o
o o
o

H s an ton ch xt n ng sut tip c xc nh:

14 , 9
26 , 10 . 05 , 0 26 , 10 . 24 , 2
95 , 214
. .
0 0 0
1
0
=
+
=
+
=

m a d
K
s
t t
t
t t
t

Vy h s an ton (s) c xc nh :
| | s
s s
s s
s > =
+
=
+
= 69 , 2
14 , 9 82 , 2
14 , 9 . 82 , 2 .
2 2 2
0
2
0
0 0
0
t o
t o

4.6.2 Ti tit lp bnh rng 2 (3) d
3
= 40(mm)
Ta c mmen un tng M
3
= 263753,82 (Nmm).
Mmen xon T
3
= T
2
= 257847(Nmm).
Vi tit din trn:
Mmen cn un W
3
: W
3
= t(d
3
)
3
/32 = t(40
3
)/32 = 6283,19
Mmen cn xon W
o0
: W
o0
= t(d
3
)
3
/16 = t(40
3
)/16 = 12566,37
Bin v tr s trung bnh ca ng sut php:
o
m3
= 0; o
a3
= o
max
= M
3
/W
3
= 263753,82/6283,19 = 41,98(MPa)
Bin v tr s trung bnh ca ng sut tip:
t
m3
= t
a3
= t
max3
/2 = T
3
/2W
o
=257847/2.12566,37= 10,26(MPa)
H s an ton ch xt n ng sut php c xc nh:
42 , 3
0 . 1 , 0 98 , 41 . 58 , 2
6 , 370
. .
3 3 3
1
3
=
+
=
+
=

m a d
K
s
o o
o
o o
o

H s an ton ch xt n ng sut tip c xc nh:

14 , 9
26 , 10 . 05 , 0 26 , 10 . 24 , 2
95 , 214
. .
3 3 3
1
3
=
+
=
+
=

m a d
K
s
t t
t
t t
t

Vy h s an ton (s) c xc nh:
| | s
s s
s s
s > =
+
=
+
= 20 , 3
14 , 9 42 , 3
14 , 9 . 42 , 3 .
2 2 2
3
2
3
3 3
3
t o
t o

Vy trc II m bo bn mi.
5. Tnh ton trc vo (I) hp gim tc
5.1 Xc nh s lc v s tnh trc
49740(Nmm)
63036(Nmm)
26646(Nmm)
18104(Nmm)
Fox=1261(N)
Foy=362(N)
Ft1=1990(N)
Fr1=724(N)
F1x=387(N)
F1y=362(N)
Fk=342(N)
2
4
H
7
/
k
6
2
0
k
6
2
0
k
6
2
0
H
7
/
k
6
l13
l11
l12
My
Mx
T

5.2 Chn ng knh cc on trc
m bo cc iu kin v bn, cng ngh gia cng v cng ngh
lp ghp ta chn ng knh cc on trc l:
d
0
= d
1
= 20 (mm) d
2
= 20 (mm) d
3
= 24 (mm)
5.3 Chn then
- Then ca khp ni: d
2
1
= 3,5(mm); t
2
= 2,8(mm)
Chiu di then: l
t
= (0,80,9).l
m12
= (0,80,9).65 = (5258,5) (mm)
=> Ly l
t
= 56(mm)
- Then ca bnh rng 1: d
3
1
= 4(mm); t
2
= 2,8(mm)
Chiu di then: l
t
= (0,80,9).l
m13
= (0,80,9).45 = (3640,5) (mm)
=> Ly l
t
= 40(mm)

5.4 V kt cu trc
v phn 5.1

V. CHN LN
1. Chn ln cho trc I
Vi ti trng nh v ch c lc hng tm, dng bi mt dy cho
cc gi 0 v 1. Da vo kt cu trc trn v ng knh ngng trc
d
0
= d
1
= 20 mm, t bng P2.7-Trang 255-TTTKHDCK-T1 ta chn
bi mt dy c trung:

K hiu
d
mm
D
mm
B
mm
r
mm
ng knh bi
mm
C
kN
C
o,
kN

304 20 52 15 2,0 9,52 12,5 7,94

2. Chn ln cho trc II
2.1 Tnh kim nghim kh nng ti ca
Vi ti trng nh v ch c lc hng tm, dng bi mt dy cho
cc gi 0 v 1
2.2 Chn s kch thc
Da vo kt cu trc trn v ng knh ngng trc d t bng P2.7-
Trang 255-TTTKHDCK-T1 ta chn bi mt dy c trung:
K hiu
d
mm
D
mm
B
mm
r
mm
ng knh bi
mm
C
kN
C
o,
kN

307 35 80 21 2,5 14,29 26,2 17,90
308 40 90 23 2,5 15,08 31,9 21,70

2.3 Tnh kim nghim kh nng ti ca
Theo cng thc 11.1-Trang 213-TTTKHDCK-T1: Kh nng ti ng:
m
d
L Q C . =
- Tui th ca bi : m = 3 .
- L tui th ca ln
L = L
h
.n
1
.60.10
-6
= 13000.177,78. 60. 10
-6
= 138,67 (triu vng)
- Q - ti trng qui c:
Q = X.V.F
r
.k
t
.k

(cng thc 11.3-Trang 214, F
a
= 0)
Trong :
X H s ti trng hng tm (X=1)
F
r
, F
a
Ti trng hng tm v ti trng dc trc
V H s k n vng no quay. Vng trong quay V = 1
k
t
H s k n nh hng ca nhit k
t
= 1 (ts100C)
k
H s k n c tnh ti trng. Theo bng 11.3 ta c k
= 1,3
(ti trng va p va)
Ta c: ) ( 26 , 4278
0
N F =

) ( 07 , 3331
1
N F =

Kim nghim chu ti ln hn, F
r
= F
0
= 4278,26 (N)
=> Q = 1.1.4278,26.1.1,3 = 5561,74 (N)
=> C
d
=5561,74.
3
67 , 138 = 28,79(kN) < C = 31,9 (kN)
=> Loi ln chn m bo kh nng ti ng.
2.4 Kim nghim kh nng ti tnh ca
Theo cng thc 11.19-Trang 221-TTTKHDCK-T1, F
a
= 0, ta c ti trng
tnh ton: Q
0
= X
0
.F
r

Vi X
0
= 0,6 (Tra bng 11.6-Trang 221-TTTKHDCK-T1):
=> Q
0
= 0,6. 4278,26 =2566,96 (N) = 2,57 (kN)
Theo cng thc 11.20-Trang 221- TTTKHDCK-T1:
Q
1
= F
r
= 4278,26 (N) = 4,28 (kN)
Chn Q = Q
1
kim tra v Q
1
> Q
0
, Q
1
= 4,29( kN) < C
0
= 21,7( kN).
=> loi ln ny tho mn kh nng ti tnh.

PHN III. TNH TON KT CU
I. CHN KT CU CHI TIT
1. Kt cu cc chi tit chuyn ng
Kt cu bnh rng tr i xng

C
b
D
v
R4.00
d
i
D
D
0
s
d
0
l
d
f
d
d
a
5

- Cc dc
( ) 5 7
o
=
chn 5
o
=
- Cc bn knh r; R c tnh nh sau:
r = 0.05h + (0,51) = 0,05.2,5 + (0,51) = 0,6251,125 mm
R = 2,5r + (0,51) = 2,5.1 + (0,51) = 33,5 mm
Vi h: l kch thc rnh thot dao
( ) ( ) ( ) 1.5 1.8 ; 0.8 1.8 ; 2.5 4 D d l d s m = = =
;
( ) 0.2 0, 3 C b =
;
( )( )
0
12 25 d mm = ; ( )
0
0.5
v
D D D = + ; .
ba w
b a =
Bng: Thng s kt cu bnh rng

Thng s

Bnh rng
D
l s C b
0
d
v
D
0
D
f
d
d
1 40 30 8 11 45 20 27,75 33,88 43,75 24
2 40 42 8 11 45 20 247,75 143,88 263,75 40

2. Kt cu np v cc lt
a. Np
ng knh np c xc nh theo cng
thc:
( )
3 4
2 4
4.4
1.6 2
D D d
D D d
~ +
~ +

Trong D l ng knh l lp ln
Cn c vo bng 18.2 trang 88 TTTKHDCK tp 2, ta c:
V tr ( ) D mm ( )
2
D mm ( )
3
D mm ( )
4
D mm ( )
4
d mm
Z
h
Trc I 40 54 70 32 M6 4 8
Trc II 52 65 82 42 M6 4 8

D
4
D
2 D
3

3. Cc lt
Dng cho b tr hnh ch O
4. Ca thm
kim tra qua st cc chi tit my trong khi lp ghp v du vo hp,
trn nh hp c lm ca thm. Da vo bng 18.5 trang 92 TTTKHDCK
tp 2 ta chn c kch thc ca thm nh hnh v sau.
A
(mm)
B
(mm)
1
A
(mm)
1
B
(mm)
C
(mm)
1
C
(mm)
K
(mm)
R
(mm)
Vt
(mm)
S
lng
100 75 150 100 125 - 87 12 M822 4

5. Nt thng hi
Khi lm vic, nhit trong hp tng ln. gim p sut v iu ha khng
kh bn trong v ngoi hp, ngi ta dng nt thng hi. Nt thng hi
thng c lp trn np ca thm. Tra bng 18.6 trang 93 TTTKHDCK tp
2, ta c kch thc nt thng hi

A B C D E G H I K L M N O P Q R S
M272 15 30 15 45 36 32 6 4 10 8 22 6 32 18 36 32

6. Nt tho du
Sau mt thi gian lm vic, du bi trn cha trong hp, b bn (do bi bm
v do ht mi), hoc b bit cht, do cn phi thay du mi. thay du c,
y hp c l tho du. Lc lm vic, l c bt kn bng nt tho du. Da
vo bng 18.7 trang 93 TTTKHDCK tp 2 ta c kch thc nt tho du
30
u
1
8

u
1
2

u
6

6 12

d b m f L c q D S
o
D
M161.5 12 8 3 23 2 13,8 26 17 19,6

7. Kim tra mc du
kim tra mc du trong hp ta dng que thm du c kt cu kch thc
nh hnh v

8. Cht nh v
Mt ghp gia np v thn nm trong mt phng cha ng tm cc trc. L
tr lp thn hp & trn np c gia cng ng thi, m bo v tr tng
i gia np v thn trc v sau khi gia cng cng nh khi lp ghp, ta dng
2 cht nh v, nh cc cht nh v khi xit bulong khng lm bin dng
vng ngoi ca .

9. ng lt v lp
ng lt c dng ln, thun tin khi lp v iu chnh b phn
ng thi tri cho khi bi bm, cht bn ng lt c lm bng vt liu
GX15-32 ta chn kch thc ca ng lt nh sau.
Chiu dy:
6 8( ) mm o =
, ta chn
8( ) mm o =

Chiu dy vai
1
o
v chiu dy bch
2
o

1 2
8( ) mm o o o = = =

ng knh l lp ng lt
D = D + 2 = 40 + 2.8 = 54 (mm)
10. Bulng vng
nng v vn chuyn hp gim tc trn np v thn thng lp thm bulng
vng. Kch thc bulng vng c chn theo khi lng hp gim tc. Vi
a= 160 mm, hp gim tc bnh rng tr 1 cp, tra bng 18.3b trang 89 TTT-
KHDCK tp 2 ta c Q = 80(Kg), ta chn bulng vng M8.
Ren d
1
d
2
d
3
d
4
d
5
d
h
1
h
2
h
M8 36 20 8 20 13 18 6 5
l >
f
b c x
r 1
r
2
r
Q(Kg)
18 2 10 1,2 2,5 1 4 4 80

II. TNH KT CU V HP
Hp gim tc c cu thnh bi hai b phn chnh v thn v np hp.
xc nh kch thc ca cc b phn ny, ngi ta thng cn c trn cc kch
thc ca b truyn tnh ton theo bng 18.1 [1], kt qu tnh ton kch
thc hp gim tc c trnh by theo bng di y:
Bng. Kch thc v hp gim tc c
Tn gi Cng thc Kch thc
Chiu dy thn hp
6 3 . 03 , 0 > + = a o
8 = o
Chiu dy np hp o o . 9 , 0
1
= 7
1
= o
Chiu dy gn tng cng ( )o . 1 8 , 0 = e e = 7
Chiu cao gn tng cng 58 < h h = 50
/k bu lng nn 12 10 . 04 , 0
1
> + > a d d
1
= 16
/k bu lng cnh ( )
1 2
. 8 , 0 7 , 0 d d = d
2
= 12
/k bu lng ghp bch np v thn ( )
2 3
. 9 , 0 8 , 0 d d = d
3
= 10
/k vt ghp np ( )
2 4
. 7 , 0 6 , 0 d d = d
4
= 8
/k vt np ca thm ( )
2 5
6 , 0 5 , 0 d d = d
5
= 6
Chiu dy mt bch thn hp ( )
3 3
. 8 , 1 4 , 1 d S = S
3
= 15
Chiu dy mt bch np hp ( )
3 4
. 1 9 , 0 S S = S
4
= 15
B rng bch np v thn ( ) 5 3
2 3
= K K K
3
= 30
ng knh ngoi mt bch D
3
= 114
ng knh tm l vt D
2
= 93
B rng mt ghp bu lng cnh K
2
= 35
Chiu dy mt ( )
1 1
. 7 , 1 4 , 1 d S = S
1
= 24
B rng mt
1 1
. 3 d K = K
1
= 48
S lng bu lng nn Z = 4
III. CHN KIU LP GHP
Da vo bng phm vi s dng ca cc kiu lp 20.4 trang 121 TTT-
KHDCK tp 2 ta c th la chn cc kiu lp thch hp lp cc chi tit
ln trc v gia cc chi tit vi nhau. V trong qu trnh gia cng cc chi tit
vic gia cng l bao gi cng km chnh xc hn gia cng trc do y ta
cng u tin gia cng trc vi cp chnh xc cao hp cp 6 v chn lun min
dung sai ca trc l min k. T ta c th chn kiu lp min dung sai ng
thi tr s sai lch gii hn theo bng sau:
Bng. Bng thng k dung sai v kiu lp
V tr lp ghp Kiu lp
Gi tr sai lch gii hn ( ) m
Dung sai l Dung sai trc
Np v v hp H7/d11
+30 -100
0 -290
Trc v k6
+15
+2
V hp v H7
+30
0
Cc lt v v hp H7/h6
+30 0
0 -19
Vng vung du v trc H9/k6
+52 +15
0 +2
Vnh bnh rng v may H7/p6
+40 +68
0 +43
May bnh rng v trc H7/k6
+25 +18
0 +2
Trc v ng chn H9/k6
+62 +18
0 +2
Ti liu tham kho

1 . Tnh ton thit k h dn ng c kh
(Trnh Cht L Vn Uyn)
Nh xut bn gio dc Tp 1,2.
2 . Thit k chi tit my
(Nguyn Trng Hip-Nguyn Vn Lm)
Nh xut bn gio dc
3 . Dung sai k thut o- Trng HKT-KTCN.

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n Chi tit my Gio vin hng dn: L Vn Uyn

Sinh vin: Bi c Qun Lp C kh ng lc 1 K54 1

H s k n c tnh ti trng. Theo bng 11.3 ta c k

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