Slide 2 Gii thiu v Cocomo

Ni dung
Gii thiu v Cocomo Cng thc c lng c bn Yu t chi ph M hnh s dng li Kch thc

Phng thc c lng chi ph phn mm

c lng chi ph : d on c 2 yu t Person-effort v thi gian hon thnh ca mt d n. Phng thc
Thut ton nh gi ca chuyn gia c lng bng cch phn tch Parkinsonian

Phng php tt nht l tng hp t nhiu phng thc

So snh v c lng lp, iu ha mi th

COCOMO c s dng rng ri trong ti liu v inh c m hnh chi ph

COCOMO c bn
COCOMO - the COnstructive COst MOdel
COCOMO ii c cp nht nm 1981 Tip tc nghin cu v hiu chnh hng nm

COCOMO c s dng nh mt Framework cho c lng chi ph v cc hot ng lin quan

 chnh xc ca c lng phn mm

M hnh hp en COCOMO

Nhng c im c bn ca COCOMO II
Phm vi a m hnh ca nhiu vng pht trin u vo m hnh chi ph c gi tr t l mm do trong kch thc u vo
SLOCS im chc nng (Function Points) im ng dng (Application Points) Khc (Use Cases)

c lng phm vi v im trn biu phu

COCOMO s dng cho phn mm tr gip quyt nh

Lm tr gip u t v phn tch chm sc kinh doanh Thit lp ngn sch d n v lp lch Thc hin phn tch cn bng Qun l chi ph ri ro Pht trin v quyt nh dng li Dng li phn mm v quyt nh dng li sn phm Quyt nh ci tin quy trnh

Sp t nng sut
COCOMO cung cp nn tng t nhin ng nht ha cc yu t ci thin sn xut cp cao v c lng chi ph ca chng

Cc m hnh con ca COCOMO

Applications Composition
Triu gi pht trin nhanh hoc hiu qu nguyn mu gii quyt nhng nguy c ri ro cao nh giao din ngi dng, tng tc phn mm / h thng , hiu nng, hoc chn chn cng ngh. N c c lng vi cc im chc nng ( nh s Screen, Reports v m un 3GL)

M hnh Early Design

M hnh c s dng ca s thay i kin trc phn mm / h thng v khi nim php ton s dng cc im chc nng v c 7 hng dn chi ph

M hnh Post Architecture

c s dng trong qu trnh pht trin phn mm S dng 17 hng dn chi ph

Cng thc tnh Effort trong COCOMO

Trong :
A l mt hng s khng i A=2.94 trong COCOMO II. 2000 Size l KSLOC (thousand source lines of code) c chuyn t im chc nng v im i tng - B l s m cho quy m ko ph thuc 5 Sacle Drivers . B=.091+.01* trong SFi l tronhj lng yu t Scale Driver th I EMi l cp s nhn hiu qu cho Cosr Driver th i

Quy m khng kinh t

Mi lin h phi tuyn khi s m

Cng thc lp lch COCOMO

Schedule L thi gian tnh theo thng t khi c yu cu c bn n khi c chp nhn C l mt hng s ko i t lch s d liu d n , c gi tr bng C=3.67 trong COCOMO II 2000 Effort l c lng ngi-thng loi tr SCED cp s nhn s c gng B l tng ca cc yu t t l SCED% l t l nn / m rng ca hng dn chi ph

Phm vi ca nhng quy trnh khc nhau

im c nh trong quy trnh chung

im c nh l giai on quan trng trong quy trnh chung xung quanh vi ngn sch chi ph v ngn sch lch c t chc. Trng thi pht trin khc nhau ca a ch cc m hnh COCOMO II c nh bi cc giai on
Life Cycle Objectives (LCO) Life Cycle Architecture (LCA) Initial Operational Capbility (IOC)

Phn phi giai on MBASE

Phn phi giai on Waterfall

Sp xp u ra COCOMO
COCOMO II cung cp mt lch chun v c lng ch quan, lc quan nh xa ngun ca u vo khng chc chn trn biu phu La chn Effort v Schedule cho tt c cac trng thi m hnh Tng trng 80% gii hn tin cy : di c lng lc quan v ch quan l 10% thi gian thc hin

Cost Factors (Cc yu t chi ph)

Cc yu t quan trng ca chi ph pht trin
Scale Drivers l ngun ca s n lc bin i theo cp s nhn Cost Drivers l ngun ca s n lc bin i tuyn tnh
Product, Platform, Personel v thuc tnh d n H s n lc c kt hp vi Cost Driver

nh ngha nh l nhng i tng c th

Mi mt yu t c nh gi da trn gia rt thp v rt cao trn nh gi theo ch o

H s n lc lin quan iu chnh gi ln hoc xung

Scale Drivers
Precedentedness (PREC)
Mc m h thng mi v p dng kinh nghim c

Pht trin mm do (FLEX)

Cn phi ph hp vi cc yu cu quy nh

Gii php kin trc / nguy c (RESL)

Cn ng b ha cc bn lin quan v gim thiu xung t

trng thnh ca quy trnh (PMAT)

S nh gi quy trnh trng thnh SEI CMM

Cost Drivers
Yu t sn phm
Tin cy (Reliability)(RELY) D liu (Data)(DATA) Phc tp(Complexity)(CPLX) Kh nng s dng li (Reusability)(RUSE) Ti liu hng dn (Documentation)(DOCU)

Cost Drivers
Yu cu nn tng
Rng buc thi gian (Time constraint)(TIME) Rng buc lu tr (Storage constraint)(STOR) Tnh d thay i nn tng (Platform volatility)(PVOL)

Cost Drivers
Yu t con ngi
Kh nng phn tch (Analyst capability)(ACAP) Kh nng lp trnh (PCAP) Kinh nghim ng dng (Applications experience)(APEX) Kinh nghim nn tng (Platform experience)(PLEX) Kinh nghim ngn ng v cng c (Language and Tool experience)(LTEX) Personel continuity(PCON)

Cost Drivers
Yu t d n
Cng c phn mm (Software tools)(TOOL) Multisite development (SITE) Yu cu lp lch (SCED)

V d : Cost Driver yu cu phn mm tin cy (RELY)

o lng phm vi trong phn mm phi thc hin cc cc chc nng trn mt khong thi gian. Yu cu : hiu qu ca mt li phn mm l g?

V d gi tr h s n lc cho RELY

Scale Factors
Tng cc yu t h s Wi trn tt c cc yu t xc nh r h s m B s dng cng thc B=.91+.01

Precedentedness (PREC) and Development Flexibility (FLEX)

Gii php kin trc / ri ro (RESL)

S gn kt ng i

n hn quy trnh
C 2 cch thc c bn ca CMM
Phng thc 1
Overall Maturity Level ( T 1 N 5)

Phng thc 2
Key Process Areas

Key process areas

Tng cng c 18 KPA

Cost Drivers
Yu t sn phm Yu t nn tng Yu t con ngi Yu t d n

Yu t sn phm
tin cy yu cu phn mm (RELY) Kch thc d liu c bn (Data) phc tp ca sn phm (CPLX) Yu cu d s dng (RUSE) Ti liu trong vng i ca sn phm (DOCU)

Yu t nn tng
Rng buc thi gian thc thi (TIME) Rng buc thi gian lu tr chnh (STOr) Tnh d bin ng ca nn tng (PVOL)

Yu t nhn s
Nng lc phn tch (ACAP) Nng lc ngi lp trnh (PCAP) Kinh nghim ng dng (AEXP) Kinh nghim nn tng (PEXP) Kinh nghim ngn ng v cng c (LTEX) Con ngi tip theo (PCON)

Yu t d n
S dng cng c phn mm (TOOL) Multisite Development (SITE) Yu cu lp lch pht trin (SCED)

nh gi yu t chi ph

S dng li v chnh sa phn mm

n lc cho phn mm thch nghi (ti s dng hoc sa i) l khng ging nh i vi phn mm mi. Phng php tip cn: chuyn i thch nghi phn mm vo tng ng kch thc ca phn mm mi.

M hnh s dng li COCOMO

Mt m hnh d ton phi tuyn chuyn i thch nghi (ti s dng hoc sa i) phn mm vo tng ng kch thc ca phn mm mi:

M hnh s dng li COCOMO