Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.

957
BI TP T LUN NG LC HC VT RN
Bi 1: Mt cnh qut bt u quay quanh trc ca n vi gia tc gc khng i. Sau 5s (t lc bt u quay) n
quay c mt gc 50rad. Tnh tc gc v gia tc gc ti thi im t = 10s ?
Gii :
Chn mc thi gian t = 0 ti thi im vt rn bt u quay, to gc ban u
0
0
. Chn chiu dng l chiu
quay ca vt rn.
- p dng cng thc:
2
0 0
1
t t
2
+ + , trong :
0
0
, v vn rn bt u quay nn tc gc ban u
0
0
. Suy ra:
2 2
2 2
1 2 2.50
t 4rad / s
2 t 5

. V cnh qut quay vi gia tc gc khng i nn ti thi

im t = 10s gia tc gc ca cnh qut bng 4rad/s
2
.
- p dng cng thc:
0
t 0 t 4.10 40rad / s + +
.
Bi 2: Mt bnh xe ang quay u quanh mt trc c nh vi tc gc 20rad/s th chu mt lc hm tc dng v
chuyn ng quay chm dn u vi gia tc gc 10 rad/s
2
. Tnh thi gian t khi bnh xe chu lc hm tc dng n
lc dng li v gc quay trong khong thi gian ?
Gii :
- p dng cng thc:
0
t +
, trong
0
20rad / s
, v bnh xe quay chm dn u nn
2
4rad / s . Khi
bnh xe dng li th
20
0 0 20 4t t 5s
4
. Vy sau 5s th bnh xe dng li.
- Chn mc thi gian t = 0 ti thi im bnh xe bt u chu lc hm tc dng, to gc ban u
0
0
. Chn
chiu dng l chiu quay ca vt rn.
p dng cng thc:
2 2
0 0
1 1
t t 0 20.5 .4.5 50rad.
2 2
+ + +
Bi 3: Mt thanh kim loi ng cht c tit din nh so vi chiu di l = 2m ca thanh. Tc dng mt momen lc
20N.m vo thanh th thanh quay quanh trc c nh i qua im gia v vung gc vi thanh vi gia tc gc
4rad/s
2
. B qua ma st trc quay v cc mi lc cn. Xc nh khi lng ca thanh kim loi ?
Gii :
- Ta c phng trnh ng lc hc ca vt rn quay quanh mt trc:
M = I.

2
M 20
I 2kg.m
10

.
- p dng cng thc tnh momen ca vt rn :
2
2
1 12I 12.2
I ml m 6kg
12 4
l

.
Bi 4: Mt vt hnh cu c ng cht c bn knh R = 1m v momen qun tnh i vi trc quay c nh i qua
tm hnh cu l 6kg.m
2
. Vt bt u quay khi chu tc dng ca mt momen lc 60N.m i vi trc quay. B qua
mi lc cn. Tnh thi gian t khi chu tc dng ca momen lc n lc tc gc t gi tr bng 100rad/s v
khi lng ca vt
Gii :
- p dng cng thc tnh momen ca vt rn hnh cu:
2
2 2
2 5I 5.6
I mR m 15kg
5
2R 2.1

.
- Theo phng trnh ng lc hc ca vt rn quay quanh mt trc:
1
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
M = I.

2
M 60
10rad / s
I 6
. Mt khc
0
t 100 0 10t t 10s. + +
Bi 5: Mt vt rn bt u quanh nhanh dn u quanh mt trc c nh, sau 6s n quay c mt gc bng 36 rad.
a) Tnh gia tc gc ca bnh xe.
b) Tnh to gc v tc gc ca bnh xe thi im t = 10s tnh t lc bt u quay.
c) Vit phng trnh v v th biu din s ph thuc ca to gc ca vt rn theo thi gian?
d) Gi s ti thi im t =10s th vt rn bt u quay chm dn u vi gia tc gc c gi tr bng gia tc gc ban
u. Hi vt rn quay thm c mt gc bng bao nhiu th dng li ?
Gii :
Chn mc thi gian t = 0 ti thi im vt rn bt u quay, to gc ban u
0
0
. Chn chiu dng l chiu
quay ca vt rn.
a) Tnh gia tc gc
- p dng cng thc:
2
0 0
1
t t
2
+ + , trong :
0
0
, v vn rn bt u quay nn tc gc ban u
0
0
. Suy ra:
2 2
2 2
1 2 2.36
t 2rad / s
2 t 6

.
b) Tnh to gc v tc gc ca bnh xe thi im sau khi quay c 10s
- Ta c
2 2
1 1
t .2.10 100rad
2 2
.
- Tc gc c xc nh:
0
t 0 2.10 20rad / s + +
.
c) Phng trnh biu
din s ph thuc ca
to gc ca vt rn
theo thi gian c dng
2
0 0
1
t t
2
+ + .
Mt khc,
0
0
,
0
0
v theo Bi a) ta
c
2
2rad / s suy ra:
2
t .
- th biu din s ph thuc ca to gc ca vt rn theo thi gian chnh l th ca hm s
2
t , th
hm s l na nhnh parabol i qua gc to nh hnh v.
d) p dng cng thc: ( )
2 2
0 0
2 2 .
, trong 0 l tc gc ti thi im vt rn dng quay,
0

l tc gc ca vt rn ti thi im khi bt u quay chm dn u v cng chnh l tc gc ca vt rn

khi quay nhanh dn u ti thi im t = 10 s.

l gc m vt rn quay c khi tc gc bin thin t

0

, hay chnh l gc m vt rn quay c tnh t lc bt u quay chm dn u cho n lc dng hn.

l gia tc
gc ca vt rn trong thi gian quay chm dn u nn
2
2rad / s . Thay s ta c
2 2 2
0
0 20
100rad
2 2.( 2)



.
2
t (s)
(rad)
O
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Bi 6: Mt vt rn c th quay quanh mt trc c nh i qua trng tm. Vt rn bt u quay khi chu tc dng ca
mt lc khng i F = 2,4 N ti im M cch trc quay mt on d = 10cm v lun tip tuyn vi qu o chuyn
ng ca M. Sau khi quay c 5s th tc gc ca vt rn t gi tr bng 30rad/s. B qua mi lc cn.
a) Tnh momen qun tnh ca vt rn i vi trc quay ca n ?
b) Tnh tc gc ca vt rn ti thi im t
1
= 10s ?
c) Gi s ti thi im t
1
= 10s vt rn khng chu tc dng ca lc F th vt rn s chuyn ng nh th no? Tnh
to gc ti thi im t
2
= 20s ? Chn mc thi gian t = 0 l lc vt rn bt u quay, to gc ban u ca vt
rn bng 0 v chiu dng l chiu quay ca vt rn.
Gii :
a) Ta c
2
0
30
t 0 t 6rad / s
t 5

+ + . Mt khc momen lc tc dng ln vt rn c xc nh:

2
F.d 2, 4.0,1
M F.d I I 0, 04kg.m
6

.
b) p dng cng thc:
0
t 0 6.10 60rad / s + +
.
c) Ti thi im t
1
= 10s, vt rn khng chu tc dng ca lc F nn M = 0, suy ra I.

=0
0
. Vy vt rn
chuyn ng quay u vi tc gc bng 60rad/s.
- tnh to gc ti thi im t
2
= 20 s, ta tnh gc quay
1
ca vt rn trong qu trnh vt rn quay nhanh dn
u trong khong thi gian t
1
= 10s v gc quay
2
ca vt rn trong qu trnh vt rn chuyn ng quay u trong
khong thi gian t
2
t
1
= 20 -10 =10s. To gc ca vt rn ti thi im t
2
= 20s c xc nh :
1 2
+ .
Ta c :
2 2 2
1 0 0
1 1 1
t t t .6.10 300rad
2 2 2
+ +

2
t 60.10 600rad
Suy ra:
1 2
300 600 900rad + + .
Bi 7: Mt rng rc l mt a trn ng cht c bn knh R = 20cm v c momen qun tnh i vi trc quay i
qua tm bng 0,05kgm
2
. Rng rc bt u chuyn ng quay nhanh dn u khi chu tc dng ca lc khng i F
= 1 N tip tuyn vi vnh ca rng rc (nh hnh v). B qua ma st gia rng rc vi trc quay v lc cn khng
kh.
a) Tnh khi lng ca rng rc?
b) Tnh gia tc gc ca rng rc?
c) Tnh tc gc ca rng rc sau khi quay c 10 s ?
d) Ti thi im rng rc quay c 10s lc F i ngc chiu vi chiu ban u nhng ln vn gi nguyn.
Hi sau bao lu th rng rc dng li?
Gii:
a) p dng cng thc:
2
2 2
1 2I 2.0, 05
I mR m 2, 5kg
2
R 0, 2

3
F
r
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
b) Ta c:
2
F.d F.R 1.0, 2
M F.d I 4rad / s
I I 0, 05

.
c) p dng cng thc:
0
t 0 4.10 40rad / s + +
.
d) Khi lc F i ngc chiu vi chiu ban u th momen ca lc F ng vai tr l momen cn. Chn mc thi
gian t = 0 lc lc F i chiu ngc vi chiu ban u th tc gc ban u (xt qu trnh chuyn ng ca vt rn
khi lc F i chiu) ca rng rc bng tc gc ca rng rc ti thi im 10s khi lc cha i chiu. Momen
cn ca lc F gy ra mt gia tc gc bng gia tc gc ca rng rc lc cha i chiu nhng c gi tr 4rad/s
2
.
p dng cng thc:
0
t 0 40 4.t t 10s +
. Vy sau 10s rng rc c tc gc bng 0.
Bi 8: Cho c h nh hnh v, vt nng c khi lng m = 2kg c ni vi si dy qun quanh mt rng rc c
bn knh R = 10cm v momen qun tnh I = 0,5kg.m
2
. Dy khng dn, khi lng ca dy khng ng k v dy
khng trt
trn rng rc.
Rng rc c
th quay quanh
trc quay i
qua tm ca n
vi ma st
bng 0. Ngi
ta th cho vt
nng chuyn
ng xung
pha di vi
vn tc ban
u bng 0.
Ly g =
10m/s
2
.
a) Tnh gia tc
ca vt nng
m?
b) Tnh lc
cng ca dy?
c) T lc th
n lc vt
nng chuyn
ng xung
mt on bng
1m th rng rc
quay c mt
gc bng bao
nhiu?
4
T
T
P
r
P
r
Q
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
d) Xc nh tc gc ca rng rc ti thi im vt nng chuyn ng c 1m sau khi th?
Gii:
- Chuyn ng ca vt nng l chuyn ng tnh tin, chuyn ng ca rng rc l chuyn ng quay quanh mt
trc c nh.
- Phn tch lc tc dng vo vt nng v rng rc nh hnh v. Trng lc v phn lc ca trc quay tc dng vo
rng rc cn bng nhau.
p dng nh lut II Niu tn cho chuyn ng tnh tin ca vt nng ta c:
mg T = ma(1)
p dng phng trnh ng lc hc cho rng rc chuyn ng quay quanh mt trc c nh ta c:
M = TR = I

(2)
Mt khc, ta li c:
a
R
, thay vo (2) v rt T ra:
2
I Ia
T
R R

.
a) Tnh gia tc a ca vt nng
Thay T vo (1) ta c:
2
2
2 2 2
Ia
ma ma
R
mg 1 1
a g 10 0, 385m/ s
I I 0, 5
m 1 1
R mR 2.0,1


+ + +
b) Tnh lc cng T
Ta c:
2 2
I Ia 0, 5.0, 385
T 19, 25N
R R 0,1

c) Chn mc thi gian t = 0 l lc bt u th cho vt nng chuyn ng, to gc ban u ca rng rc
0
0
.
Vt nng bt u chuyn ng nn
0
v 0
v tc gc ban u ca rng rc
0
0
.
p dng cng thc tnh ng i cho vt nng chuyn ng tnh tin:

2 2
0
1 1 2
s v t at 1 0 0, 385.t t
2 2 0, 385
+ + s.
Gia tc gc ca rng rc:
2
a 0, 385
3, 85rad / s
R 0,1

.
Trong khong thi gian
2
t s
0, 385
vt nng chuyn ng c on ng s = 1m th rng rc quay c mt
gc

c tnh theo cng thc tnh to gc ca rng rc:

2
2 2
0 0
1 1 1 2 3,85.2
t t t .3, 85. 10rad
2 2 2 0, 385 2.0, 385
+ + .
d) p dng cng thc:
0
2
t 0 3, 85. 77rad / s
0, 385
+ + .
Bi 9: Mt ngi ng trn gh xoay nh hnh bn (gh giucpxky), hai tay cm hai qu t p st vo ngc. Khi
ngi v gh ang quay vi tc gc
1
10rad / s th ngi y dang tay a hai qu t ra xa ngi. B qua mi
lc cn. Bit rng momen qun tnh ca h gh v ngi i vi trc quay khi cha dang tay bng 5kg.m
2
, v
momen qun tnh ca h gh v ngi i vi trc quay khi dang tay l 8kg.m
2
.
a) Xc nh momen ng lng v ng nng ca h gh v ngi khi cha dang tay?
b) Xc nh tc gc ca h ngi v gh khi dang tay v ng nng ca h khi ?
Gii:
a) Tnh momen ng lng v ng nng ca h gm ngi v gh.
5
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
- p dng cng thc tnh momen ng lng ca h:
2
1 1 1
L I 10.5 50kg.m / s
- p dng cng thc tnh ng nng ca h:
2 2
1 1 1
1 1
W I .5.10 250J
2 2

b) V b qua mi lc cn, trng lc ca ngi v gh cn bng vi phn lc nn tng momen lc tc dng vo h
bng 0. Suy ra tng momen ng lng ca h c bo ton:
1 1
1 2 1 1 2 2 2
2
I 5.10
L L I I 6, 25rad / s
I 8

.
Suy ra ng nng ca h sau khi dang tay l:
2 2
2 2 2
1 1
W I .8.6, 25 156, 25J
2 2
.
Bi 10: Cho c h nh hnh v. Hai vt A v B c ni qua si dy khng dn, khi lng khng ng k vt qua
rng rc. Khi lng ca A v B ln lt l m
A
= 2kg, m
B
= 4kg. Rng rc c bn knh l R = 10cm v momen
qun tnh i vi trc quay ca rng rc l I = 0,5kg.m
2
. B qua mi lc cn, coi rng si dy khng trt trn rng
rc v ly g = 10m/s
2
. Ngi ta th cho c h chuyn ng vi vn tc ban u ca cc vt bng 0.
a) Tnh gia tc ca hai vt?
b) Tnh gia tc gc ca rng rc?
c) Tnh lc cng hai bn rng rc?
d) Tnh tng momen lc tc dng vo rng rc?
e) T lc th n lc c h chuyn ng c 2s th tc gc ca rng rc bng bao nhiu? Khi rng rc quay
c mt gc bng bao nhiu?
Gii :
- Chuyn ng ca hai vt nng l chuyn ng tnh tin, chuyn ng ca rng rc l chuyn ng quay quanh
mt trc c nh. V P
B
> P
A
nn vt A chuyn ng i ln, vt B chuyn ng i xung.
- Phn tch lc tc dng vo rng rc v cc vt A v B nh hnh v. Trng lc ca rng rc v phn lc ca trc
quay tc dng vo rng rc cn bng nhau.
- p dng nh lut II Niu tn cho chuyn ng tnh tin ca hai vt nng ta c:
A A A
T P m a (1)
B B B
P T m a (2)
- p dng phng trnh ng lc hc cho rng rc chuyn ng quay quanh mt trc c nh ta c:
( )
B A
M T T R I
(3)
- V si dy khng trt trn rng rc nn:
a
R
(4)
6
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
a) Thay (4) vo
(3) ta c:
( )
B A B A
2 2
a a
T T I T T I
R R
+
, thay T
B
vo (2) ta c:
B A B B A B
2 2
a I
P T I m a P T m a
R R
_
+ +

,
(2)
Gii h hai phng trnh (1) v (2):
B A B
2
A A A
I
P T m a
R
T P m a
_
+

, '

B A
A B
2
P P
a
I
m m
R

+ +
Thay s ta tnh c gia tc ca hai vt: a = 0,357m/s
2
.
b) Thay a = 0,357m/s
2

vo (4):
2
a 0, 357
3, 57rad / s
R 0,1

.
c) Thay a = 0,357m/s
2

vo (1):
A A A
T m a P 2.0, 357 2.10 20, 714N + + .
Thay a = 0,357m/s
2

vo (2):
B B B
T P m a 4.10 4.0, 357 38, 572N .
d) Tng momen lc tc dng vo rng rc l:
M I 0, 5.3, 57 1, 785N.m
e) Chn mc thi gian t = 0 l lc bt u th c h chuyn ng, to gc ban u ca rng rc
0
0
. C h
bt u chuyn ng nn tc gc ban u ca rng rc
0
0
.
7
A
T
B
T
A
P
r
P
r
Q
B
T
B
P
A
T
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
- p dng cng thc tnh tc gc ca rng rc:
0
t 0 3, 57.2 7,14rad / s + +
.
- p dng cng thc tnh to gc ca rng rc:

2 2 2
0 0
1 1 1
t t t .3, 57.2 7,14rad
2 2 2
+ + .
Bi 11: Cho hai vt A v B c khi lng ca A v B ln lt l m
A
= 2kg, m
B
= 6kg c ni qua si dy khng
dn, khi lng khng ng k vt qua hai rng rc nh hnh bn. Rng rc 1 c bn knh R
1
= 10cm v momen
qun tnh i vi trc quay l I
1
= 0,5kg.m
2
. Rng rc 2 c bn knh R
2
= 20cm v momen qun tnh i vi trc
quay l I
2
= 1kg.m
2
. B qua mi lc cn, coi rng si dy khng trt trn rng rc v ly g = 10m/s
2
. Th cho c
h chuyn ng, tnh gia tc ca hai vt A v B? Tnh gia tc gc ca hai rng rc?
Gii:
- Chuyn ng ca hai vt nng l chuyn ng tnh tin, chuyn ng ca hai rng rc l chuyn ng quay quanh
mt trc c nh. V P
B
> P
A
nn vt A chuyn ng i ln, vt B chuyn ng i xung.
- Phn tch lc tc dng vo cc rng rc v cc vt A v B nh hnh v. Trng lc ca rng rc v phn lc ca
trc quay tc dng vo rng rc cn bng nhau.
- p dng nh lut II Niu tn cho chuyn ng tnh tin ca hai vt nng ta c:
A A A
T P m a (1)
B B B
P T m a (2)
- p dng phng trnh ng lc hc cho hai rng rc chuyn ng quay quanh mt trc c nh ta c:
( )
1 A 1 1 1
M T T R I
(3)
( )
2 B 2 2 2
M T T R I
(4)
- V si dy khng trt trn rng rc nn:
1
1
a
R

(5)
8
A
T
B
T
A
P
B
T
B
P
A
T
T
T
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
2
2
a
R

(6)
Thay (5) vo (3) ; (6) vo (4) ta c:
( )
( )
1
A
2
1
2
B
2
2
I
T T a
R
I
T T a
R

'

cng v vi v ca hai phng trnh ta c:

1 2
B A
2 2
1 2
I I
T T a
R R
_
+


,
1 2
B A
2 2
1 2
I I
T a T
R R
_
+ +


,
, thay T
B
vo (2) ta c:
1 2
B A B
2 2
1 2
I I
P T m a
R R
_
+ +


,
(2)
Gii h phng trnh (1) v (2):
1 2
B A B
B A 2 2
1 2
1 2
A B
2 2
A A A
1 2
I I
P T m a
P P
a
R R
I I
m m
T P m a
R R
_
+ +


'
,

+ + +

Thay s ta c: a = 0,482m/s
2
.
Thay a = 0,482m/s
2
vo (5) v (6) ta c:
2
1
1
a 0, 482
4, 82rad / s
R 0,1

.
2
2
2
a 0, 482
2, 41rad / s
R 0, 2

.
Bi 12: Hai vt A v B c ni vi nhau bng mt si dy khng dn, khi lng khng ng k v vt qua mt
rng rc trn nh mt mt phng nghing gc
o
30
nh hnh v. Khi lng ca hai vt ln lt l m
A
= 2kg,
m
B
= 3kg. Rng rc 1 c bn knh R
1
= 10cm v momen qun tnh i vi trc quay l I
1
= 0,05kg.m
2
. B qua mi
lc cn, coi rng si dy khng trt trn rng rc v ly g = 10m/s
2
. Th cho hai vt chuyn ng khng vn tc
ban u. Tnh p lc ca dy ni ln rng rc?
Gii:
- Chuyn ng ca hai vt nng
l chuyn ng tnh tin, chuyn
9

A
P
r
A
T
N

2
P
r
B
P
r 2
P
r
B
T
A
T
B
T
60
0
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
ng ca rng rc l chuyn ng quay quanh mt trc c nh. V P
A
> P
B
sin

nn vt A chuyn ng i xung,
vt B chuyn ng i ln.
- Phn tch lc tc dng vo rng rc v cc vt A v B nh hnh v. Trng lc ca rng rc v phn lc ca trc
quay tc dng vo rng rc cn bng nhau.
- p dng nh lut II Niu tn cho chuyn ng tnh tin ca hai vt nng ta c:
A A A
P T m a (1)
B B B
T P sin m a (2)
- p dng phng trnh ng lc hc cho rng rc chuyn ng quay quanh mt trc c nh ta c:
( )
A B
M T T R I
(3)
- V si dy khng trt trn rng rc nn:
a
R
(4)
Thay (4) vo (3) ta c: ( )
A B A B
2 2
a a
T T I T T I
R R
+
, thay T
A
vo (1) ta c:
A B A A B A
2 2
a I
P T I m a P T m a
R R
_
+ +

,
(2)
Gii h hai phng trnh (1) v (2):
A B A
2
B B B
I
P T m a
R
T P sin m a
_
+

, '

A B
A B
2
P P sin
a
I
m m
R


+ +
Thay s ta tnh c gia tc ca hai vt: a = 0,5m/s
2
.
Thay a = 0,5m/s
2
vo (1) ta c:
A A A
T m a P 2.0, 5 2.10 21N + +
Thay a = 0,5m/s
2
vo (2) ta c:
B B B
1
T m a P sin 3.0, 5 3.10. 16, 5N
2
+ +
p lc ca dy ln rng rc l tng hp lc ca hai lc cng T
A
v T
B :
( )
2 2
A B A B
T T T 2.T .T cos 90 + + = 1059, 75 32.55N .
Bi 13: Mt thanh AB di 2m khi lng m = 2kg c gi nghing mt gc trn mt sn nm ngang bng mt
si dy nm ngang BC di 2m ni u B ca thanh vi mt bc tng ng thng, u A ca thanh t ln mt sn.
H s ma st gia thanh v mt sn bng
3
2
.
a) Tm gi tr ca thanh c th cn bng.
b) Tnh cc lc tc dng ln thanh v khong cch AD t u A ca thanh n gc tng khi = 45
0
. Ly g =
10m/s
2
.
Gii:
1) Cc lc tc dng ln thanh AB l trng lc P (t ln trung im ca thanh AB); lc ma st ngh F
ms
; phn lc N
vung gc vi mt sn; lc cng T ca si dy BC.
- p dng iu kin cn bng tng qut ca vt rn cho thanh AB:
0 ms P F N T + + +
ur ur uur ur
(1)
v tng i s cc momen i vi trc quay i qua A bng khng:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 M P M Fms M N M T + + +
ur ur uur ur
Ta c: T.AB.sin - P
2
AB
cos = 0 (2)
10

A
B
D
C
T
N
P
F
ms
60
0
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
- T (2) ta c:
1
tan
2
T mgco (3)
- Chiu (1) ln phng thng ng v phng nm ngang:
F
ms
T = 0 (4) v - P + N = 0 (5)
Hay:
cot
2
ms
mg an
F T

(6)
V: N = P = mg (7)
- Lc ma st F
ms
phi l lc ma st ngh, do ta c:
F
ms

N
T (6) v (7) ta c:
cot
2
mg an
mg

0
cot 2 3 30 an
2) Khi = 45
0
, thay s vo (6) v (7) ta c:
F
ms
= T = 10N
N = P = 20N
T hnh v ta c: AD = BC Abcos = 0,59m.
Bi 14: Mt thanh mnh AB, nm ngang di 2,0m c khi lng khng ng k, c u B bng si dy nh, dy
lm vi thanh ngang mt gc 30
0
, cn u A t vo tng thng ng, c ma st gi cho khng b trt, h s ma st
ngh 0= 0,5. Hy xc nh khong cch nh nht x t im treo mt vt c trng lng 14N n u A u A khng b
trt.
Gii:
- Tng t bi trn ta phn tch lc nh hnh v: T, P, N, F
ms
- p dng iu kin cn bng tng qut ca vt rn cho thanh AB:
0 ms P F N T + + +
ur ur uur ur
(1)
v tng i s cc momen i vi trc quay i qua A bng khng:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 0 M P M Fms M N M T + + +
ur ur uur ur
(2)
Ta c: T.AB.sin P.x = 0
. .sin T AB
x
P

(3)
- Chiu (1) ln phng nm ngang v phng thng ng ta c:
N T.cos = 0 (4)
F
ms
+ T.sin P = 0 (5)
- Ta c: F
ms
= N (6)
- T (4); (5) v (6) ta c: Tcos + Tsin P = 0
os in
P
T
c s

+
(7)
- Thay (7) vo (3) ta c:
sin 2.0, 5
1, 07
os sin 0, 5. 3.0.5 0.5
AB
x m
c



+ +
Bi 15: Mt thanh thng mnh, ng cht di 0,5m, khi lng 8kg. Thanh c th quay trn mt phng nm ngang,
quanh mt trc thng ng i qua khi tm ca n. Thanh ng yn, th mt vin n 6g bay trn mt phng ngang
ca thanh v cm vo mt u thanh. Phng vn tc ca vin n lm vi thanh mt gc 60
0
. Vn tc gc ca
thanh ngay sau khi va chm l 10rad/s. Vn tc ca vin n ngay trc khi va chm l bao nhiu:
Gii:
- Momen ng lng ca h ngay trc va cham:
11
P
30
0
N
T
B
A
F
ms
x
v
n
v
t
60
0
v
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
L
1
= I

= m

R
2
.
0
sin 60 v
R
= m

.R.v.sin60
0
= m

.
2
l
.v.sin60
0
(1)
- Momen ng lng ca h ngay sau va chm:

2 2
2
1 1
( ) ( )
4 12
d l d t
L I I m l ml + +
- p dng nh lut bo ton momen ng lng ta c:
L
1
= L
2

m

.
2
l
.v.sin60
0

2 2
1 1
( )
4 12
d t
m l ml +

2 2
0
1 1
( )
4 12
sin 60
2
d l
d
m l ml
v
l
m
+

Thay s ta c: v = 1285,9m/s.
Bi 16: Mt ci ct di 2,0m ng cht, tit din u ng cn bng trn mt t nm ngang. Do b ng nh ct
ri xung trong mt phng thng ng. Gi s u di ca ct khng b trt. Ly g=9,8m/s
2
, b qua kch thc
ct. Tc ca u trn ca ct ngay trc khi n chm t l bao nhiu.
A. 7,70 m/s. B. 10,85 m/s. C. 15,3 m/s. D. 6,3 m/s.
Gii:
- Momen qun tnh ca ct i vi trc quay O l:
I = I
G
+ I
O
=
2 2 2
1 1 1
12 4 3
ml ml ml +
- p dng nh lut bo ton c nng cho khi tm:
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 6
l I mv I m l
mg

+
3 3.9, 8.
3, 83 /
2
g
rad s
l

- Vy tc u trn ngay khi chm t: v = l = 3,83.2 = 7,7m/s
Bi 17:
Mt bnh xe khi lng m, bn knh R c trc hnh trc bn knh r ta trn hai ng ray song song nghing gc

so vi mt phng nm ngang.
1. Gi s bnh xe ln khng trt. Tm lc ma st gia trc
bnh xe v ng ray.
2. Khi gc nghing

t ti gi tr ti hn
0
th bnh xe
trt trn ng ray. Tm
0
. Cho bit h s ma st ca
ng ray ln trc bnh xe l k = tan

, v momen qun
tnh ca bnh xe ( k c trc ) I = mR
2
.
Bi 18:
Mt thanh ng cht AB = l, tit din u, khi lng M c gn vung gc ti trung im O vi mt trc quay
thng ng. Mt vt khi lng m bay ngang vi vn tc v

theo phng vung gc vi thanh n p vo u A v dnh vo .
Hi sau va chm, thanh quay c bao nhiu vng th dng? Bit rng
12
O

m
O
B
A
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
ma st trc quay to ra mt mmen M
C
.
p dng : M = 1kg ; m = 140g ; v = 10m/s ; M
C
= 0,1M/m
Bi 19:
Mt hnh tr c ng cht c bn knh R = 20cm, ln khng trt trn mt phng
Ngang vi vn tc
0
v

, ri mt phng nghing to mt gc
0
45
vi mt phng ngang.
Tm gi tr cc i v
0
ca vn tc m vi gi tr hnh tr ln trn
mt phng nghing khng b bt ln.
Bi 20:
Tm vn khi lng M t trn sn nhn nm ngang. t trn tm vn mt qu cu ng cht c khi lng m. Tc
dng vo vn lc
F

khng i nm ngang.
Xc nh gia tc ca vn v ca qu cu khi gia chng
khng c s trt.
Bi 21:
Mt a trn c ng cht bn knh R = 20cm, khi lng M = 0,8kg, hai vt nng nh A, B cu to thnh mt h
c nh hnh v. Cho m
A
= 0,4kg ; m
B
= 0,1kg, OA = r = 10cm.
B qua mi ma st, dy ni mnh khng co gin. Ko vt B t v tr cn bng
xung di mt an nh r th khng vn tc ban u.
Chng minh h dao ng iu ha. Tm chu k dao ng ca h .
Ly g = 10m/s
2
.
Bi 22:
Mt thanh ng cht chiu di AB = l c th quay quanh mt trc nm ngang i qua u A ca thanh v vung gc
vi thanh. Cho gia tc ri t do l g v b qua ma st.
1. Tm vn tc cc tiu phi truyn cho thanh v tr cn bng n quay qua v tr nm ngang.
2. Khi thanh dao ng mt gc nh quanh v tr cn bng. Chng minh thanh dao ng iu ha v tm chu k.
3. Nu gn thm vo u B mt qu cu nh c khi lng bng khi lng ca thanh AB th chu k dao ng
nh ca thanh s thay i th no?
Bi 23:
Trn mt phng nghing gc

c mt hp nh A khi lng m
1
v mt hnh tr rng B khi lng m
2
(momen
qun tnh ca hnh tr i vi trc ca n l I = m
2
r
2
). Hai vt cng bt u chuyn ng xung pha di. Hp
trt vi h s ma st k, cn hnh tr ln khng trt.
1. Tm gc nghing

khi chuyn ng hai vt lun lun cch nhau mt khang khng i.

2. c chuyn ng trn y th h s ma st gia hnh tr v mt phng nghing phi tha mn iu kin g ?
Bi 24:
Mt hnh tr c ng cht c khi lng m nm trn mt ng ray nm ngang. Mt lc F khng i c phng
thng ng c t ti u dy bung thng ca mt si dy qun trn hnh tr. Tm gi tr cc i ca F hnh
tr cn ln khng trt nu h s ma st gia hnh tr v ng ray l k. Hnh tr lc c gia tc bng bao nhiu?
Cho bit momen qun tnh ca hnh tr i vi trc quay l
2
2
mR
I .
Bi 25 :
Mt thanh mng ng cht chiu di L khi lng M ang nm cn bng trn mt sn ngang, khng ma st th c
xung lc F. t tc dng tc thi vo mt u thanh theo phng vung gc vi thanh.
1. Tm tc gc ca thanh sau .
2. Khi tm ca thanh s i c an ng bao nhiu sau khi thanh quay c mt vng?
Cho mmen qun tnh ca thanh ng cht i vi trc quay qua khi tm l
12
2
ML
I
13
0
v

O
A

F

M
m
O
A
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
Bi 26 :
Trn mt mt bn nhn, c mt chic xe khi lng m. Trn sn c t mt bnh xe khi lng 3m ng phn b
u trn vnh bnh xe. H s ma st gia bnh xe v sn xe l

. Ngi ta t vo xe mt lc F = const theo

phng ngang. Hi F c gi tr bng bao nhiu bnh xe c th ln khng trt trn sn xe?
Bi 27 :
Mt a trn ng cht khi lng m bn knh R c t trn mt dy khng gin mc qua mt l xo cng k,
a ln khng trt trn dy. T v tr cn bng, ta a a xung
di theo phng thng ng mt an nh r th ra, a s chuyn
ng theo phng thng ng. Hi chu k dao ng ca a s tng hay gim
nh th no nu bn knh R ca a nh hoc ln c th b qua
hay khng b qua.
Bi 28 :
Bnh c dng l mt hnh tr ng cht, khi lng M, bn knh R quay quanh trc c nh nm ngang. Mt si
dy c qun quanh bnh , u kia si dy treo mt vt khi lng m. Vt nng c nng ln r th cho ri
xung. Sau khi ri mt an h, vt nng lm cng si dy v quay bnh . Tm tc gc ca bnh ti thi
im .
Bi 29 :
Mt thanh ng cht, khi lng M, di L c th quay khng ma st trong mt
phng thng ng quanh mt trc nm ngang i qua mt u thanh. Lc u thanh
v tr cn bng. Mt vt nh khi lng m. Bay vi vn tc
0
V

theo phng vung

gc vi thanh n va chm vo u t do ca thanh. (
0
V

cng vung gc
vi tr ca thanh ). Va chm l n hi. Tm V
0
thanh n v tr
nm ngang th tm dng.
Bi 30 :
Mt hnh tr c c gn vi mt l xon khng khi lng, nm ngang, sao cho n c th ln khng trt trn
mt mt phng nm ngang. cng l xo k = 3,0N/m.
H c th t trng thi ngh v tr m l xo ko dn 0,25m.
1. Tnh ng nng tnh tin v ng nng quay ca hnh
tr khi n qua v tr cn bng.
2. Chng minh khi tm ca hnh tr dao ng iu
ha vi chu k
k
M
T
2
3
2
Bi 31 :
Mt qu cu c v mt hnh tr c c cng bn knh, cng khi lng m, bt u ln khng trt t trng thi
ngh, cng mt lc, t cng mt mc trn cng mt mt phng nghing. Cho bit momen qun tnh ca qu cu c
v hnh tr ln lt l :
2
5
2
mR I v
2
2
1
mR I
Hi vt no c vn tc tnh tin ln hn v ln hn bao nhiu ln :
1. Ti mt mc cho trc no .
2. Ti cng mt thi im cho trc no .
Bi 32 :
Hai hnh tr bn knh R
1
v R
2
c momen qun tnh ln lt bng I
1
v I
2
c th quay quanh cc trc O
1
v O
2
vung gc vi mt phng hnh v. B qua ma st cc
trc. Ban u hnh tr ln quay vi tc gc
0

. Gi trc O
1

c nh, cn trc O
2
c tnh tin sang phi cho n lc hnh tr
nh tip xc vi hnh tr ln v b lc ma st gia hai hnh tr lm
14
k
.
0
V

m
I
2
I
1
O
1
R
1
O
2
R
2
0

Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957

cho quay. Cui cng hai hnh tr quay ngc chiu nhau vi cc tc
gc khng i khi khng cn ma st trt. Tm tc gc
2
ca
hnh tr nh theo I
1
, I
2
, R
1
, R
2
v
0

.
Bi 33 :
Hai u mt thanh mnh di l c gn hai qu cu nh khi lng m
1
, m
2
. Thanh dao ng quanh trc O nm ngang
i qua trung im ca thanh. Tnh chu k dao ng trong hai trng hp :
a/ B qua khi lng thanh.
b/ Thanh c khi lng m
3
.
Bi 34 :
Mt vnh bn tr mng ng cht, bn knh R c t ln mt phng nh hnh v. Bit v tr khi tm G ca n
cch tm O mt khang

R
d
2
, gia tc trng trng l g.
Tm chu k dao ng ca vt khi lm cho OG lch khi v tr thng
ng mt cht ri bung nh. Coi rng bn tr khng trt v ma
st ln rt nh. Momen qun tnh ca vnh bn tr i vi tm O l
2
0
mR I
Bi c thm: MOMEN QUN TNH CA VT RN
I. nh l trc song song (nh l Steiner): Gi I
G
l momen qun tnh ca vt rn i vi trc () i qua khi tm
G, momen qun tnh I ca vt y i vi 1 trc () // () v cch () 1 khong a c tnh bi:

Chng minh: Chn h trc nh hnh v, ta c:
R
2
= x
2
+ (y + a)
2
= x
2
+ y
2
+ 2ay + a
2
= R
G
2
+ 2ay + a
2
Theo nh ngha:
I = mR
2
= mR
G
2
+ 2a(my) + a
2
(m)
Lu rng mR
G
2
= I
G
v m = M, ta c
I = I
G
+ Ma
2
+ 2a(my)
V G l khi tm v cng l gc ta nn:
y
G
= = 0 (my) = 0
Vy I = I
G
+ Ma
2
PCM
II. Bi ton: 3 cch tm momen qun tnh ca 1 thanh ng cht tit din u c chiu di L, khi lng M i vi
trc quay vung gc vi thanh ti 1 u.
Cch 1: dng nh ngha
Chia thanh thnh cc on nh di dx (xh), khi lng mi on l
dm = M
theo nh ngha I = = = ML
2
15
x
()
O
y
R
G
a
P
x
R
G
y
R
()
x
y
O
G
.
Trng vn thanh bi tp phn ng lc hc vt rn lp 12 t : 0974.810.957
Cch 2: Da vo cng thc I
G
= ML
2
, ta ni thm 1 thanh ging ht sao cho trc quay i qua khi tm ca thanh
c ni, khi :
I = (2M)(2L)
2
= ML
2
I = = ML
2
Cch 3: Dng nh l trc song song: I = I
G
+ M(L/2)
2
= ML
2
+ ML
2
= 1,3ML
2
III. Bi ton ngh: Tm momen qun tnh ca 1 a trn ng cht khi lng M, bn knh R vi trc quay
vung gc vi a ti im cch tm 1 khong (S: I = MR
2
)
IV Con lc vt l: Tm cng thc tnh chu k dao ng nh ca con lc vt l m vt rn c dng 1 thanh ng
cht tit din u, trc quay 1 u thanh.
Gii: Ta c d = v phn II ta c I = ML
2
nn T = 2 = 2
16