GV: Trng Th Tho

13 CHUYN BI TP HA HC 9
Chuyn 1: VIT PTHH THC HIN S CHUYN HA CC CHT: *Phng php: - Nm chc tnh cht ha hc, cch iu ch ca cc cht v c. - Nm c mi quan h gia cc cht v c n gin. + TNH CHT HA HC CA MT S CHT V C THNG GP Oxit: Oxit baz: Mt s Oxit baz + Nc -> dd Baz. (Na2O; K2O; Li2O; CaO; BaO) Oxit baz + Axit -> Mui + H2O. Mt s Oxit baz + Oxit Axit -> Mui . (Na2O; K2O; Li2O; CaO; BaO) Mt s oxit baz + Cht kh -> Kim loi + Sn phm kh (Cht kh: H2; C; CO -> H2O; CO2; Oxit baz: ZnO; FeO; CuO) Oxit axit: Nhiu Oxit axit + H2O -> dd Axit. Oxit axit + dd Baz -> Mui + H2O. (NaOH; LiOH; KOH; Ca(OH)2; Ba(OH)2) Oxit Axit + Oxit baz -> Mui Axit: Lm i mu qu tm thnh . Axit + Kim loi -> Mui + H2 ( Kim loi: ng trc H2; axit: HCl, H2SO4 long) Axit + baz + Mui + H2O Axit + Oxit baz -> Mui + H2O. Axit + Mui -> Mui mi + Axit mi. (sp phi c kt ta, cht kh). Baz: Dd baz lm qu tm ha xanh, dd Phenolphtalein khng mu -> hng. (NaOH; LiOH; KOH; Ca(OH)2; Ba(OH)2) Dd baz + oxit axit -> Mui + H2O Baz + axit -> Mui + H2O Ba z khng tan ---t0-> Oxit baz tng ng + H2O Dd Baz + Mui -> Mui mi + Baz mi Mui: Kim loi + dd Mui -> Mui mi + Kim loi mi ( Kim loi T Mg tr i trong DHHHKL). Mui + Axit -> Mui mi + Axit mi. ( sp c kt ta, cht kh). Mui + Bazo -> Mui mi + Bazo mi (sp c kt ta, cht kh) Mui + Mui -> 2 Mui mi (sp c kt ta, cht kh) Mui t0--> Mui + Oxi Oxi: Oxi + Nguyn t -> Oxit. Oxi + Hidro -> Nc. Oxi + Hp cht hu c -> H2O + CO2 + .. Nc : - Nc + Kim loi kim -> dd Kim + H2 - Nc + Oxit bazo -> dd Kim. - Nc + Oxit axit -> dd Axit. *Bi tp p dng: 1> Viet cac PTP e thc hien day chuyen hoa sau: FeS2 -> SO2 -> SO3 -> H2SO4. Na -> NaOH -> Na2SO4 -> NaOH -> Na2CO3 -> NaCl -> NaNO3. Al -> Al2O3 -> Al2(SO4)3 -> Al(OH)3 -> NaAlO2 -> Al(OH)3 -> AlCl3 -> Al(NO3)3. d. CaCO3 -> CaCl2 -> CaCO3 -> CaO -> Ca(OH)2 -> Ca(NO3)2. 1

GV: Trng Th Tho e. Cu Na2SO3 -> NaCl.

CuO CuCl2 Cu(OH)2

S > SO2 -> H2SO3 -> CaSO3 -> SO2. SO3 -> H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3. B tc v cn bng y , ghi r k p v CT A, B, C, D: FeS2 + O2 -> A + B A + H2S -> C + H2O C + O2 -> A B + HCl -> D + H2O b. A + HCl -> B + FeCl2 B + O2 -> C + H2O. C + H2SO4 -> SO2 + H2O. B + SO2 -> C + H2O. c. A + Na -> B B + AgNO3 -> D + C D t0-> E + A. A + NaI -> I2 + NaCl. d. A + B -> C. C + HCl -> D + ZnCl2 D + O2 -> A + E C + O2 -> SO2 + ZnO. e. ZnS + O2 -> A + B A + H2S -> C + H2O C + O2 -> A B + HCl -> D + H2O. 3. Vit PTHH theo s sau: a. NaCO3 -> CO2 -> NaHCO3 -> Na2CO3 -> BaCO3. b. Cu CuO Cu(NO3)2 Cu Cu(OH)2 c.Hy Vit cc PTHH thc hin qu trnh chuyn ha sau: Fe <-> Fe(OH)3. 4. Cho s bin ha sau: A1 +X Fe(OH)3 B1 +Z B2 +T B3 Tm CTHH cc cht tng ng vi A, B, v vit PTHH 5.Cho s bin ha: A + X 2 A2 +Y A3 Fe(OH)3

GV: Trng Th Tho A + Y Fe +B D +E C

A + Z Bit rng : A + HCl -> D + C + H2O v cc phh t A -> Fe thc hin nhit cao. Tm cc cht tng ng vi A, B, C v vit cc PTHH? 6. Thc hin chuyn ha: A1 CaCO3 t0 B1 CaCO3 +Y +Y +Z, t0 Bit: E +I, t0 A Cc cht A, B, C tng ng vi cc cht khc nhau? Bai 8: Co nhng chat: AlCl3; Al; Al2O3; Al(OH)3; Al2(SO4)3. hay chon nhng chat co quan he vi nhau e lap thanh 2 day bien hoa va viet PTP minh hoa? Bi 9:: Viet cac PTP thc hien day chuyen hoa sau: a) Cu -> CuO -> CuCl2 -> Cu(OH)2 -> CuO -> CuSO4 -> Cu. b) MgSO4 -> Mg(OH)2 -> MgO -> MgCl2 -> Mg(NO3)2 ->MgCO3 -> MgO. c) Na -> NaOH -> NaCl -> Cl2 -> HCl -> FeCl2 -> FeCl3 -> Fe(OH)3 -> Fe2O3. d) Fe -> Fe2(SO4)3 -> Fe(OH)3 -> Fe2O3 -> Fe -> FeCl2 -> Fe(OH)2 -> FeSO4 -> FeCl2 -> Fe(NO3)2 -> Fe. e) Al -> Al2O3 -> AlCl3 -> Al2(SO4)3 -> Al(OH)3 -> Al(NO3)3 -> Al -> AlCl3 -> Al(OH)3 -> NaAlO2 -> Al(OH)3. g) FeS2 -> SO2 -> SO3 -> H2SO4 -> CuSO4 -> Na2SO4 -> NaOH -> Na2ZnO2. h) P -> P2O5 -> H3PO4 -> NaH2PO4 -> Na2HPO4 > Na3PO4 -> NaCl -> NaOH. i) MnO2 -> Cl2 -> NaCl -> H2 -> H2O -> NaOH -> Na2SO4 -> NaNO3. k) CaCO3 -> CO2 -> Na2CO3 -> MgCO3 -> MgO -> MgCl2 -> MgSO4 -> Mg(NO3)2 -> MgO -> Mg3(PO4)2. Bi 10: Cho s o bien hoa : A+X A+Y Fe --+B--> D --+E--> C A+Z Biet rang: A + HCl -> D + C + H2O. Tm cac chat ng vi cac ch cai A, B, C, D, E, X, Y, Z va viet cac PTP Bai 11: Viet ptp cho nhng bien oi hoa hoc sau: a. Na -> NaOH -> Na2SO4 -> NaOH -> Na2CO3 -> NaCl -> NaNO3. b. Al -> Al2O3 -> Al2(SO4)3 -> Al(OH)3 -> NaAlO2 -> Al(OH)3 -> AlCl3 -> Al(NO3)3. Bai 12: Viet cac ptp thc hien day bien hoa sau: CaCO3 -> CaCl2 -> CaCO3 -> CaO -> Ca(OH)2 -> Ca(NO3)2. Bai 13: ien CTHH cac chat vao cho co dau ? va hoan thanh cac pthh sau? 3 B2 C +X A2 CaCO3 +T +Z+H2O B3 D t0 E +Z A3 CaCO3

7. Vit PTHH theo s sau: A +X B

GV: Trng Th Tho a. BaCl2 + Na2SO4 -> ? + ? b. Na2CO3 + ? -> NaNO3 + ? c. FeCl2 + NaOH -> ? + ? d. AgNO3 + ? -> Fe(NO3)3 + ? e. CaCO3 + HCl -> ? + ? + H2O. g. NaOH + ? -> NaCl + ? h. Fe + ? -> FeCl3 i. SO3 + NaOO d -> ? + ? Bai 14: viet pthh cho s o bien hoa sau? CuO Cu CuCl2 Cu(OH)2 Bai 15: co cac chat: Na2O, Na, NaOH, Na2SO4, Na2CO3, AgCl, NaCl. a. hay sap xep cac chat tren thanh 2 day chuyen hoa? b. Viet PTHH cho moi day chuyen hoa? Bai 16: Di ay la mot so phh ieu che muoi: Natri hidroxit + axit nitric -> A + B. a. Kem + C -> Kem Sunfat + D b. Natri sunfat + E -> Barisunfat + F c. G + H -> Sat (III) Clorua. d. I + J -> ong (II) Nitrat + Cacbon ioxit + nc. Hay cho biet: - Ten goi va CTHH cua nhng chat A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, J. - PTHH va phan loai nhng p noi tren? Bai 17: Viet pthh cho day chuyen hoa sau: Na2SO3 -> NaCl. S > SO2 -> H2SO3 -> CaSO3 -> SO2. SO3 -> H2SO4 -> Fe2(SO4)3. Bai 18: ot chay hoan toan mot chat vo c M trong khong kh thu c 2,4g Sat(III) oxit va 1,344 lt kh Sunfur (ktc). a. xac nh CTPT cua M. b. Viet cac ptp thc hien day bien hoa sau: SO2 -> Muoi B M C Ket tua A Bai 19: viet ptp bieu dien chuoi bien hoa sau: A Ca(OH)2 D Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 X KHCO3 M CaCO3 Bai 20: viet ptp thc hien day bien hoa sau: a. FeS2 -> SO2 -> SO3 -> H2SO4 -> CaSO4. b. Ca -> CaO -> Ca(OH)2 -> CaCl2 -> CaCO3. c. Sat (III ) hidroxit -> Sat (III) oxit -> Sat -> Sat (II) Clorua -> Sat (II) Sunfat -> Sat (II) Nitrat. d. Al -> Al2O3 -> AlCl3 -> Al(OH)3 -> Al2O3 -> Al2S3 -> Al2(SO4)3. ? -> Ca(OH)2 e. CaCO3 CaSO4 CaCl2 -> ? e. CO2 -> Na2CO3 -> NaCl -> NaOH -> NaHCO3. Bai 21: Viet ptp e thc hien day cac chuyen hoa sau: FeCl2 -> Fe(OH)2 -> FeO a. Fe2O3 -> Fe Fe FeCl3 -> Fe(OH)3 -> Fe2O3 4

GV: Trng Th Tho ? -> H2SO4 b. FeS2 -> SO2 SO2 NaHSO3 -> ? a. CuSO4 -> B -> C -> D -> Cu. b. FeS2 -> Fe2O3 -> Fe2(SO4)3 -> FeCl3 -> Fe(OH)3. c. CaCO3 -> CO2 -> NaHCO3 -> Na2CO3 -> Na2SO4. d. CuCO3 -> CuO -> CuCl2 -> Cu(OH)2 -> Cu(NO3)2. Bai 22: bo tuc va can bang cac ptp sau? H2SO4 + Ba(NO3)2 -> ? + ? NaOH + ? -> Na2SO4 + ? HNO3 + CaCO3 -> ? + ? Ca(OH)2 + ? -> CaCl2 + ? Ba(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 -> ? + ? CuSO4 + ? -> FeSO4 + ? MgSO4 + BaCl2 -> ? + ? MgSO4 + ? -> Mg(NO3)2 + ? KCl + AgNO3 -> ? + ? ? + K2CO3 -> BaCO3 + ? Na2CO3 + ? -> BaCO3 + ? AgNO3 + ? -> Cu(NO3)2 + ? ? + Fe(OH)2 -> FeSO4 + ? ? + ? -> BaCO3 ? + ? -> BaCO3 + H2O SiO2 + CaO -> ? SiO2 + Na2CO3 -> ? + ? SiO2 + NaOH -> ? + ? SiO2 + CaCO3 -> ? + ? Bai 23: Viet cac ptp e thc hien s o bien hoa sau? - Cu -> CuO -> CuSO4 -> Cu(OH)2 -> CuO. - CaO -> Ca(OH)2 -> CaCO3 <-> CaO. BAi 24: Xac nh cac chat va hoan thanh cac ptp sau: FeS + A -> Bkh + C B + CuSO4 -> D + E B + F -> Gvang + H C + J kh -> L L + KI-> C + M + N Bai 25: Cho cac cap chat sau: Cu + HCl; Cu + Hg(NO3)2. Cu + ZnSO4; Cu + AgNO3. Zn + Pb(NO3)2 Sn + CuSO4. Nhng cap chat nao xay ra p? Viet cac PTHH tng ng? Bai 26: cho cac kim loai Zn, Al, Cu, Ag va cac dd: FeSO4, AgNO3, CuSO4, ZnSO4. em hay ien vao cho trong sao cho p xay ra c: a. . + FeSO4 -> Al2(SO4)3 + . b. Cu + -> . + Ag. c. . + . -> Zn(NO3)2 + Ag. d. CuSO4 + Al -> . + . e. Zn + .. -> . + Fe f. . + . -> Al2(SO4)3 + Zn. Bai 27: Viet PTHH thc hien cac bien hoa sau: a. Fe2O3 -> Fe -> FeCl2 -> Fe(OH)2 ->FeSO4. b. Al -> Fe -> FeCl3 -> Fe(OH)3 -> Fe2O3 -> Fe2(SO4)3. c. FeS2 -> Fe -> FeCl2 -> FeCl3 -> FeCl2 -> Fe(OH)2 -> Fe2O3 -> Fe2(SO4)3 -> FeCl3 -> Fe(OH)3 Fe2(SO4)3 <- Fe <Fe2O3 Bai 28: Viet cac ptp cua nhng bien oi hoa hoc sau: FeCl3 Fe2(SO4)3 Fe2O3 5 Fe(OH)3

GV: Trng Th Tho

Bai 29: Viet cac ptp thc hien nhng bien hoa sau: Fe3O4 -> FeSO4 + Fe2(SO4)3. Fe FeCl2 -> Fe(NO3)2 -> Fe(OH)2 -> FeSO4 -> Fe(OH)2 -> FeO -> Fe. FeCl3 -> Fe(OH)3 -> Fe2O3 -> Fe2(SO4)3 -> Fe(OH)3 -> Fe2O3 -> Fe. Bai 30: viet cac ptp theo s o sau: FeS2 -> Fe2O3 -> Fe2(SO4)3-> FeSO4 -> FeNO3 Fe -> FeCl2 -> Fe(OH)2 -> Fe(NO3)3. Bai 31: a. Viet PTP bieu dien cac bien hoa tronh s o sau? Al -> Al2(SO4)3 -> Al(OH)3 -> Al(NO3)3. Al2O3 Bai 32: Viet ptp thc hien nhng bien hoa hoa hoc sau: Al -> AlCl3 -> Al(OH)3 -> Al2O3 -> Al2(SO4)3 -> Al(OH)3 NaAlO2 Bai 33: ien cac chat thch hp vao cho trong sao cho thch hp va can bang: a. Al + -> Al2O3 b. H2SO4 + . -> Al2(SO)3 + c. . + .. -> AlCl3 + BaSO4 d. NaOH + .. -> NaCl + Al(OH)3 e. Al + . + -> NaAlO2 + H2 f. Al + .. -> Al2S3. Bi 34: Chuyn 2: Bi tp nhn bit: * Phng php vt l: mu sc, tan , nhit nng chy, t tnh, mi, v... * Phng php ha hc: + Trch cc cht cn nhn bit thnh cc mu th ring bit. + Cho thuc th c trng vo cc mu th quan st hin tng, nhn ra du hiu -> kt lun v cht. + Vit PTHH minh ha. * Mt s thuc th thng dng: Cht cn Thuc th Hin tng nhn bit
Axit Dd kim -Cl -Br -I =PO4 =S =SO4 =SO3 -HSO3 =CO3 -HCO3 Qu tm Qu tm Dd Phenolphtalein khng mu Dd AgNO3 // // H tinh bt AgNO3 Pb(NO3)2 hoc Cu(NO3)2 Dd BaCl2 Dd Axit mnh (HCl) // // // Qu tm ha Qu tm ha xanh Phenolphtalein hng AgCl trng, ha en ngoi khng kh AgBr vng nht AgI vng sm Xanh tm Ag3PO4 vng (tan trong dd HNO3) PbS hoc CuS en BaSO4 trng SO2 mi hc, lm c nc vi trong // CO2 lm c nc vi trong //

GV: Trng Th Tho

=SiO3 -NO3 -ClO3 -NH4 Al(III) Fe(II) Fe(III) Mg(II) Cu(II) Cr(III) Co(II) Ni(II) Pb(II) Na K Ca H2 Cl2 NH3(khai) H2S SO2 CO2 CO NO2 =Cr2O7 =MnO4 Cr2O4 // H2SO4c, nng + Vn Cu Nung c xc tc MnO2 Dd NaOH // // // // // // // // Na2S hoc K2S t // // // Nc Brm (mu nu) Qu tm m Pb(NO3)2 hoc Cu(NO3)2 Dd Brom, thuc tm Nc vi trong CuO (en), t0 Qu tm m H2SiO3 keo trng Dd mu xanh lam, NO2 nu O2 , lm chy tn m NH3 , c mi khai Al(OH)3 keo trng, tan trong kim d Fe(OH)2 trng xanh, ha nu ngoi khng kh Fe(OH)3 nu Mg(OH)2 trng Cu(OH)2 xanh lam Cr(OH)3 xanh da tri, tan trong kim d Co(OH)2 hng Ni(OH)2 mu lc sng (xanh lc) PbS en Ngn la mu vng Ngn la tm hng Ngn la da cam Ngn la xanh nht, n nh, to H2O Nc Brom mt mu Qu tm ha xanh (H2S c mi trng thi) PbS hoc CuS en Nht mu Vn c (CaCO3) Cu () Qu tm ha Mu da cam Mu Hng tm Vng ti

Bi tp p dng : * Thuc th khng gii hn:

Bi 1: bng pphh hy nhn bit cc cht sau: dd HCl; H2SO4; HNO3; Ca(OH)2; NaOH. dd Na2CO3; CuSO4; MgCl2; K2S. Kh: N2; H2; CO2; NO2; O2; SO2; CO rn: Na2CO3; MgCO3; BaCO3. dd BaCl2; Na2SO4; HNO3; Na3PO4 Kim loi: Ca, Al, Cu, Fe. Bai 2: Trnh by cac phng phap hoa hoc e nhan biet cac dung dch sau: a/ Na2SO4, HCl, HNO3. b/ NaOH, Ca(OH)2 ; b2/ FeSO4, Fe(SO4)3; b3/ HNO3, MgNO3. c/ K2CO3, Fe(NO3)2, NaNO3. d/ Nhan biet cac bot kim loai sau: Fe, Cu, Al, Ag. e/ Nhan biet 3 bot ran: Mg, Al, Al2O3. Bi 3: Nhan biet cac lo mat nhan sau bang phng phap hoa hoc: a) Na2O, CaO, ZnO b) NaOH, Ca(OH)2, HCl c) HCl, HNO3, H2SO4. d) Na2SO4, NaCl, NaNO3 e) HNO3, H2SO4, KCl, KNO3, KOH, Ba(OH)2. g) K2SO4, CuSO4, FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, Al2(SO4), MgSO4. h) CO2, H2, N2, CO, O2. Bai 4: co 3 lo ng 3 hh dang bot: Al + Al2O3; Fe + Fe2O3; FeO + Fe2O3. hay dung pphh e nhan biet chung? Viet cac ptp xay ra? 7

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 5: lam the nao e nhan ra s co mat cua moi kh trong hh gom CO, CO2, SO3 bang pphh, viet cac ptp? Bai 6: a. bang pphh hay nhan biet 3 dd sau: HCl, H2SO4, NaOH. b.: NaCl, NaNO3, Na2SO4. c:Na2SO3, NaHSO3, Na2SO4. d.3 chat kh: oxi, hidro, cacbonic. e..5 ..: N2, O2, CO2, H2, CH4. g..3 chat ran: Bac, Nhom, Canxi oxit. h..: Ca, Fe, Cu. Bai 7: Nhan biet cac hoa chat sau trong cac lo mat nhan bang pphh: Na2SO4, HCl, NaNO3. Bai 8: nhan biet bon chat ran mau trang sau bang pp Hoa hoc: CaCl2, CaCO3, CaO, NaCl? Bi 9: Nhn bit 6 dd sau: HCl; H2SO4; HNO3; NaOH; Ca(OH)2. Bi 10: Phn bit 4 dd sau: Na2CO3; CuSO4; MgCl2; K2S. Bi 11: bng pphh phn bit cc kh sau: a. CO2; SO2; CO. b. NH3; H2S; HCl; c. CO; H2; SO2. Bi 12: Bng pphh phn bit cc cht sau: a. Na2O

* Thuc th hn ch: Dng thuc th nhn ra 1 hoc vi cht trong hh -> dng cht va nhn ra lm thuc th, nhn bit cc cht cn li.
Bai 9: Nhan biet cac dd sau trong cac lo mat nhan bang pphh: FeCl2, FeCl3, HCl, NaOH ma ch c dung qu tm? Bai 10: Ch dung qu tm, hay nhan biet cac chat sau trong cac lo mat nhan: Na2SO4, Na2CO3, H2SO4, BaCl2? Bai 11: ch dung kimloai lam thuoc th, hay nhan biet cac dd sau bang pphh: AgNO3, HCl, NaOH? Bi 12: nhn bit cc cht sau bng pphh: Ch dng qu tm: dd HCl; Na2SO4; NaCl; Ba(OH)2 Ch dng mt thuc th: a. dd FeSO4; Fe2(SO4)3; CuSO4; Na2SO4. b. Dd NH4Cl; FeCl2; FeCl3; MgCl2; NaCl; AlCl3 dd MgCl2; FeCl2; NH4NO3; Al(NO3)3; Fe2(SO4)3. dd HCl; NaOH; AgNO3; Na2S -> ch dng qu tm. Bi 13: Ch dung 1 chat va 1 trong so cac dung dch sau e nhan biet tng chat: H2SO4, CuSO4, BaCl2. Bai 14: trnh bay pp e nhan biet 3 chat ran mau trang ng trong 3 lo rieng biet khong nhan: NaCl, Na2CO3, hh NaCl va Na2CO3? Bai 15: ch dung them 1 thuoc th duy nhat, hay nhan biet cac dd: FeCl2, FeCl3, HCl? Bai 16: Ch dung them mot kim loai, nhan biet cac dd sau: FeSO4, Fe2(SO4)3, CuCl2, Al2(SO4)3? Bi 17: a) Ch dung them mot kim loai, hay nhan biet 4 dung dch cha trong 4 lo mat nhan sau: Na2SO4, Na2CO3, HCl, Ba(NO3)2. Viet cac PTP. b) Co 4 chat ran: NaCl, Na2SO4, Na2CO3, BaCl2 ng trong cac lo mat nhan. Ch dung dung dch HCl, hay nhan biet cac lo hoa chat tren? 8

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 18: cho cac chat: Na, MgCl2, FeCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3. ch dung them nc, hay nhan biet chung? Bai 19: a. ch co nc va kh cacbonic co the phan biet c 5 chat bot trang sau ay hay khong: NaCl, Na2SO4, BaCO3, Na2CO3, BaSO4. neu c hay trnh bay cach nhan biet? Bi 20: ch dung them HCl loang, hay trnh bay cach nhan biet chat: BaCO3, BaSO4, NaCl, Na2CO3? Bi 21: .Hay chon 2 dd muoi thch hp e phan biet 4 dd sau: BaCl2, HCl, K2SO4, Na3PO4. Bai 22: hay dung mot hoa chat nhan biet 5 dd sau: NH4Cl, FeCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3, MgCl2? Bai 23: ch c dung them qu tm, hay neu pp nhan biet cac dd trong cac lo b mat nhan sau: K2S, K2CO3, K2SO3, NaHSO4, CaCl2? Bai 24: dung hoa chat nao e nhan biet 3 hoa chat sau: Cu(OH)2, BaCl2, KHCO3? - ch dung mot thuoc th, hay nhan biet tng dd cac chat: 3 chat ran: NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3. Bi 25: Nhn bit cc ha cht: MgCl2; FeCl2; NH4NO3; Al(NO3)3; Fe2(SO4)3 dng thm mt thuc th duy nht? Bi 26: Ch dng thm qu tm, hy nhn bit 4 dd b mt nhn: HCl; NaOH; AgNO3; Na2S.

* Khng dng thuc th: Cho tng cht t/d vi nhau; lp bng kt qu; da vo bng nhn bit cc cht.
Bi 25: Nhn bit cc cht sau bng pphh m khng c dng thm bt c ha cht no khc: 1. dd HCl; AgNO3; Na2CO3; CaCl2 2. dd HNO3; CaCl2; Na2CO3; NaCl 3. dd HCl; H2SO4; BaCl2; Na2CO3 4. dd NaCl; CuSO4; H2SO4; MgCl2; NaOH 5. dd NaOH; (NH4)2CO3; BaCl2; MgCl2; H2SO4 6. dd MgCl2; NH4Cl; K2CO3; NaBr; NaOH; HCl. Bi 26: Khong dung hoa chat nao khac hay phan biet cac dung dch sau: a) HCl, AgNO3, Na2CO3, CaCl2. b) NaOH, (NH4)2CO3, BaCl2, MgCl2, H2SO4. Bai 27: co 4 dd gom: HCl, NaOH, Na2CO3, MgCl2. khong dung them hoa chat nao khac, hay nhan biet cac dd tren? Bai 28: khong dung hoa chat nao khac, hay nhan biet 4 dd sau: NaCl, HCl, Na2CO3, H2O? Bai 29: khong dung them hoa chat nao khac, hay nhan biet cac chat sau: NaCl, CuSO4, KOH, MgCl2, BaCl2, AgNO3? Bai 30: hay nhan biet 4 lo dd: CuCl2, NaOH, AlCl3, NaCl ma khong dung them mot hoa chat nao khac. (ke ca giay qu:? Bai 31: .: HCl, BaCl2, Na2CO3, K2SO4 .? Bai 32: : NaHCO3, NaCl, Na2CO3, CaCl2 ? Bi 33: .: NaCl; Ba(OH)2; Ba(HCO3)2; (NH4)2SO4..? Bi 34: C 4 l mt nhn l A, B, C, D. Mi l cha mt trong cc dd sau: AgNO3; ZnCl2; HCl; Na2CO3. Bit rng l A to cht kh vi l C nhng khng p vi l B, l A, B to kt ta vi l D. Hy xc nh cc cht trong cc l: A, B, C, D? Chuyn 5: TM CTHH CUA N CHAT, HP CHAT. 1. Phng php: 9

GV: Trng Th Tho - Nu bi cho bit ha tr ca nguyn t -> da vo PTHH , CTHH v gi thit bi cho tm nguyn t khi ca nguyn t xc nh tn NTHH. - Nu bi ton khng cho bit ha tr ca nguyn t, ta phi thit lp biu thc lin h gia NTK ca nguyn t v ha tr ca n : M = k.x (k l h s t l gia M v x). Sau , da trn biu thc, bin lun M theo x hoc x theo M => chn cp nghim hp l. 2. Bi tp p dng: Bai 1: Oxit cua mot kim loai hoa tr (III) co khoi lng 32g tan het trong 294d dd H2SO4 20%. Xac nh CT cua Oxit kim loai? Bai 2: Hoa tam m gam mot oxit sat can 150ml dd HCl 3M, neu kh m gam oxit sat nay bang CO nong, d thu c 8,4 g sat. Tm CTPT cua oxit sat va tnh m? Bai 3: Khi oxi hoa 2g mot NTHH co hoa tr IV bang oxi ngi ta thu c 2,54g oxit. Xac nh CTPT oxit? Bai 4: Cho 5,6g oxit kim loai td va u vi axit HCl cho 11,1g muoi Clorua cua kim loai o. Cho biet ten cua kim loai? Bai 5: e hoa tan hoan toan 8g mot oxit kim loaican dung 300ml dd HCl 1M. Xac nh CTPT cua Oxit kim loai? Bai 6: Cho 7,2g mot oxit sat tac dung vi dd HCl co d sau p ta thu c 12,7g muoi khan. Xac nh CT cua sat oxit? Bai 7: Cho 5,4g mot kim loai hoa tr III tac dung vi clo co d thu c 26,7g muoi. Xac nh kim loai em p? Bai 8: Them t t dd H2SO4 10% vao li ng mot muoi cacbonat cua kim loai hoa tr I, cho ti khi va thoat het kh CO2 th thu c dd muoi Sunfat co nong o 13,63%. Xac nh CTPT cua muoi cacbonat? Bai 9: Cho 1g sat clorua cha ro hoa tr cua sat vao mot dd AgNO3 d, ngi ta thu c mot chat ket tua trang, sau khi say kho co khoi lng 2,65g. Xac nh hoa tr cua sat va viet ptp xay ra trong TN0? Bai 10: Cho 0,53g muoi cacbonat cua kim loai hoa tr I tac dung vi dd HCl cho 112ml kh CO2 (ktc). Xac nh CTPT cua muoi cacbonat? Bai 11: Cho 9,85g muoi cacbonat cua kim loai hoa tr II tac dung het vi dd H2SO4 loang, d thu c 11,65g muoi Sunfat. Hay tm CT cua muoi cacbonat hoa tr II? Bai 12:Kh hoan toan 4,06g mot oxit kim loai bang CO nhiet o cao thanh kim loai. Dan toan bo lng kh sinh ra vao bnh ng Ca(OH)2 d, thay tao thanh 7g ket tua. Neu lay lng kim loai sinh ra hoa tan het vao dd HCl d th thu c 1,176 lt kh Hidro (ktc). a. Xac nh CTPT oxit kim loai. b. Cho 4,06g Oxit kim loai tren tac dung hoan toan vi 5000ml dd H2SO4 ac, nong d thu c dd X va kh SO2 bay ra. Xac nh CM cua muoi trong dd X ( coi the tch dd thay oi khong ang ke trong qua trnh p? Bai 13: them t t dd H2SO4 10% vao li ng mot muoi cacbonat cua kim loai hoa tr I, cho ti khi va thoat het kh CO2 th thu c dd muoi Sunfat co nong o 13,63%. Xac nh CTPT cua muoi cacbonat? Bai 14: a. hoa tan hoan toan 27,4g hh hai muoi M2CO3 va MHCO3 bang 400ml dd HCl 1M thoat ra 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc). Xac nh ten kim loai trong cac muoi va tp% theo khoi lng cac muoi trong hh? b. e hoa tan hoan toan 2,4g oxit mot kim loai hoa tr II can dung 2,19g axit clohidric. Hoi o la oxit cua kim loai nao? Bai 15: e kh 6,4g mot oxit kim loai can 2,688 lt kh H2. neu lay lng kim loai o cho td vi dd HCl th giai phong 1,792 lt kh H2. Tm ten kim loai? 10

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 16: Biet rang 400ml dd HCl 1M u e hoa tan het 13g kim loai A ( co hoa tr II trong hp chat). a. Hay xac nh ten cua A? b. Neu cung lay 400ml dd HCl 1M th co the hoa tan bao nhieu gam Oxit cua kim loai A a c xac nh tren? Bai 17: cho 1,38g mot kim loai hoa tr I td het vi nc ch 0,2g hidro. Xac nh ten kim loai o? Bai 18: cho 10,4g oxit mot nguyen to kim loai thuoc nhom II td vi dd HCl d, sau p tao thanh 15,9g muoi. Xac nh ten cua nguyen to kim loai va d oan mot vai t/c cua nguyen to o? Bai 19: cho 0,3g mot kim loai co hoa tr khong oi td het vi nc c 168 ml hidro ktc. Xac nh kim loai o, biet rang kim loai noi chung co kha nang td vi nc co hoa tr toi a la 3. Bai 20:mot hh X co khoi lng 27,2g gom kim loai A (co hoa tr II va III) va oxit kim loai AxOy cua kim loai o. Cho hh X tan hoan toan trong 500ml dd HCl 2M. xac nh CTPT cua AxOy? Bai 21: hoa tan hoan toan 8g oxit cua kim loai hoa tr III trong 300ml H2SO4 loang 1M, sau p phai dung 50g dd NaOH 24% e trung hoa lng axit con d. Tm CTPT cua oxit kim loai? Bai 22: hoa tan hoan toan 18g mot kim loai M can dung 800ml dd HCl 2,5M. kim loai M la kim loai nao? Bai 23: e hoa tan hoan toan 8g mot oxit kim loai can dung 300ml dd HCl 1m. xac nh CTPT cua oxit kim loai? Bai 24: cho oxit MxOy cua kim loai M co hoa tr khong oi, biet rang 3,06g oxit nguyen chat tan trong dd HNO3 d thu c 5,22g muoi. Hay xac nh CT cua oxit tren? Bai 25: oxit cua kim loai R mc hoa tr thap cha 22,56% oxi, cung oxit kim loai o mc hoa tr cao cha 50,48% oxi. Xac nh R? Bai 26: nguyen to X co the tao ra 2 loai oxit ma trong moi oxit ham lng % cua X la 40% va 50%. Xac nh ten nguyen to X? Bai 27: a.Cho 5,4g mot kim loai hoa tr III td vi clo co d thu c 26,7g muoi. Xac nh kim loai em p? b.cho 5,6g mot oxit kim loai td va u vi axit HCl cho 11,1g mu6oi clorua cua kim loai o. Cho biet ten kim loai? Bai 28: cho 100g hh hai muoi clorua cua cung mot kim loai R (co hoa tr II va III) tac dung vi KOH d. Ket tua hidroxit hoa tr II bang 19,8g con k.l clorua kim loai R hoa tr II bang 0,5 khoi lng mol cua R. tm kim loai R? Bai 29: hoa tan mot lng muoi cacbonat cua mot kim loai hoa tr III bang dd H2SO4 16%. Sau khi kh khong thoat ra na, c dd cha 20% muoi sunfat tan. Xac nh ten kim loai hoa tr III? Bai 30: hoa tan muoi cacbonat cua kim loai hoa tr II bang dd H2SO216%. Sau khi kh khong thoat ra na th thu c dd cha 22,2% muoi sunfat. Hay xac nh CTPT cua muoi cacbonat tren? Bai 31: cho 2g hh Fe va kim loai hoa tr II vao dd HCl co d th thu c 1,12lt H2 (dktc). Mat khac, neu hoa tan 4,8g kim loai hoa tr II o can cha en 500ml dd HCl. Xac nh kim loai hoa tr II? Bai 32: hh M gom oxit cua mot kim loai hoa tr II va muoi cacbonat cua kim loai hoa tr o c hoa tan het vao axit H2SO4 loangva u tao ra kh N va dd L. em 11

GV: Trng Th Tho co can dd L thu c mot lng muoi khan 168% khoi lng M. xac nh kim loai hoa tr II, biet kh N bang 44% khoi lng cua M? Bai 33: hoa tan hoan toan 5g hh gom mot kim loai hoa tr II va mot kim loai hoa tr III can dung 18,25g dd HCl 30%. a. tnh the tch kh hidro thoat ra ktc? b. Tnh khoi lng muoi kho c tao thanh? Bai 34: cho 1 thanh Ch kim loai td va u vi dd mu6oi nitrat cua kim loai hoa tr II, sau 1 thi gian khi k.l thanh Ch khong oi th lay ra khoi dd thay k.l no giam i 14,3g. cho thanh sat co k.l 50g vao dd sau p noi tren, sau 1 thi gian thay k.l thanh sat khong oi th lay ra khoi dd, ra sach, say kho, can nang 65,1g. tm ten kim loai hoa tr II? Bai 35: Hai coc ng dd HCl at tren hai a can A va B: can trang thai can bang. Cho 5g CaCO3 vao coc A va 4,8g M2CO3 vao coc B (M la kim loai). Sau khi hai muoi a tan hoan toan can tr lai v tr can bang. M la kim loai nao? Bai 36: ot chay 1 kim loai M thu c mot oxit X. trong oxit X th M chiem 52,94% theo k.l. tm ten kim loai M va CT oxit? Bai 37: Cho 416g dd BaCl2 12% td va u vi dd cha 27,36g muoi sunfat kim loai A. sau khi loc bo ket tua thu c 800ml dd 0,2M cua muoi clorua kim loai A. tm CTPT cua muoi sunfat kim loai A? Bai 38: Hoa tan 6,75g mot kim loai M cha biet hoa tr vao dd axit th can 500ml dd HCl 1,5M. xac nh ten cua kim loai M? Bai 39: Kh 3,48g mot oxit kim loai M can dung 1,344 lt H2 (ktc). Toan bo lng kim loai M thu u7oc cho td vi dd HCl d cho 1,008 lt H2 (ktc). Tm CTPT cua M? Bai 40: hoa tan x gam mot kim loai Z trong 200g dd HCl 7,3% (lng axit va u) thu c dd E trong o nong o cua muoi Z tao thanh la 11,96% theo k.l. Z la kim loai nao? Bai 41: hai thanh kim loai giong nhau (cung nguyen to R hoa tr II) va co cung k.l. cho thannh th nhat vao dd Cu(NO3)2 va thanh th 2 vao dd Pb(NO3). Sau 1 thi gian, khi so mol 2 muoi bang nhau, lay hai thanh kim loai o ra khoi dd thay k.l thanh th nhat giam i 0,2% con thanh th hai tang 28,4%. Xac nh nguyen to R? Bai 42: Mot thanh kem co k.l 25g, nhung vao dd Sat (II) sunfat. Sau khi p lay thanh kem ra nhe, lam kho, can c 22,75g. hoi k.l kem sunfat thu c la bao nhieu? Bai 43: Hoa tan het 16,8g hh hai kim loai X (hoa tr x) va Y ( hoa tr y) trong dd HCl roi sau o co can dd thu c 59,4g muoi khan. Tnh the tch kh H2 sinh ra? Bai 44: Hoa tan hoan toan 1,68g kim loai M co hoa tr II bang 100ml dd H2SO4 0,4M. e trung hoa lng axit d ngi ta dung 40ml dd NaOH 0,5M. xac nh kim loai M? Bai 45: ot chay hoan toan 9,6g mot kim loai M cha ro hoa tr trong bnh cha kh clo nguyen chat. Sau khi p ket thuc th thu c 20,25g muoi clorua. Tm ten kim loai M? Bai 46: Hoa tan hh X gom 11,2g kim loai M va 69,6g oxit MxOy cua kim loai o trong 2 lt dd HCl thu c dd A va 4,48lt H2. xac nh kim loai M? Bai 47: Hoa tan 19,8g hh X gom hai kim loai co cung hoa tr vao 600ml dd HCl 1,5M. co can dd sau p thu c 49,05g hh muoi khan. a. chng minh hh X khong tan het? b. Tnh the tch kh hidro sinh ra? Bai 48: Cho 1g sat clorua td vi dd AgNO3 d, thu c 2,65g AgCl. Xac nh CTPT cua muoi sat clorua? 12

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 49: Co mot hh gom bot sat va bot kim loai M co hoa tr n. neu hoa tan het hh nay trong dd HCl th thu c 7,84 lt kh H2 (ktc). Neu cho hh tren td vi kh clo th can dung 8,4 lt (ktc). Biet t le so nguyen t cua Sat va kim loai M trong hh la 1:4. a. tnh the tch kh clo a hoa hp vi kim loai M ktc? b. Xac nh hoa tr n cua kim loai M? c. Neu khoi lng kim loai M co trong hh la 5,4g th M la kim loai nao? Bai 40: Hoa tan m gam mot oxit sat can 150ml dd HCl 3M, neu kh toan bo m gam oxit sat tren bang CO nong, d th thu c 8,4g sat. Xac nh CT cua sat oxit? Bai 51: e hoa tan 2,4g sat oxit th can dung va u 4,41g H2SO4. tm CT cua oxit o? Bai 52: Kh m gam oxit sat bang kh hidro nong d. Cho hi nc tao ra c hap thu bang 100g axit H2SO4 98% th nong o axit giam i 3,405%. Chat ran thu c sau p kh c hoa tan bang H2SO4 loang thoat ra 3,36 lt kh H2 ktc. Xac nh CTPT cua oxit sat? Bai 53: Cho 1g sat clorua cha ro hoa tr cua sat vao mot dd AgNO3 d, ngi ta c mot chat ket tua trang, sau khi sy kho co k.l la 2,65g. hay xac nh hoa tr cua sat va viet pthh xay ra trong TNo? Bai 54: Cho t t dd KOH en d vao 3,25g muoi sat clorua. Sau o loc ket tua, em nung nhiet o cao th thu c 1,6g chat ran, biet rang s hao hut trong qua trnh Tn la khong ang ke. Hay tm mu6oi sat o? Bai 55: Hoa tan hoan toan 6,4g hh gom bot Fe va mot oxit sat bang dd HCl thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). Neu em 3,2g hh tren kh bang H2 nhiet o cao co 0,1g H2O tao thanh. Hay tm CTPT cua oxit sat? Bi 56: e hoa tan hoan toan 5,1g oxit mot kim loai hoa tr (III), ngi ta phai dung 43,8g dd HCl 25%. Hoi o la oxit cua kim loai nao? Bai 57: Nho t t tng giot dd NaOH vao dd muoi clorua cua kim loai B hoa tr III en khi ket tua khong tao them c na th dng. Loc lay ket tua em nung nhiet o cao, thu c mot oxit ( trong o % cua kim loai B chiem 52,94%). Xac nh ten cua kim loai B? Bi 58: Khi cho 2,5g mt kim loi ha tr II vo nc th thu c 1,4 lt kh H2 bay ra ktc. Xc nh tn kim loi? Bi 59: Khi ha tan 21g mt kim loi ha tr II trong dd H2SO4 long th sinh ra 8,4 lt kh H2 ktc. Khi cho kt tinh th mui sunfat kt tinh cng vi nc to ra 104,25g tinh th mui hidrat ha. a. Cho bit tn kim loi? b. Xc nh CT ca mui Hidrat ha? Bi 60: ha tan 16g FexOy cn dng 0,6 mol dd HCl. Xc nh CTPT ca oxit st ? Bi 61: Ha tan 27,4g hh M2CO3 v MHCO3 bng 500 ml dd HCl 1M thy thot ra 6,72 lt kh CO2 ktc. trung ha axit d phi dng 50ml dd NaOH 2M. Tm CT hai mui v % cc mui trong hh? Bi 62: Cho 46,9g hh hai mui sunfat v cacbonat ca cng mt kim loi ha tr I vo nc thnh dd A. Cho dd A t/d H2SO4 d thot ra 2,24 lt kh ktc. Cho dd A t/d vi dd BaCl2 d th thu c 43g hh kt ta trng. Tm CT 2 mui v % hh? Bi 63: Cho 100 g hh hai mui Clorua ca cng mt kim loi M c ha tr II v III t/d ht vi dd NaOH d. Kt ta hidroxit ha tr II bng 0,5 khi lng mol ca M. Tm CT 2 mui Clorua v % cc mui trong hh? Bi 64: Thm NaOH d vo dd cha 8g sunfat ca kim loi ha tr II ri lc ly kt ta, tch ra nung nng ta thu c mt oxit kim loi. Dn mt lung kh Hidro i qua n khi kh ht, kim loi nhn c c khi lng 3,2g. Hi kim loi l g? Bi 65: Ha tan hon ton 4g hh mt kim loi ha tr II v mt kim loi ha tr III th cn dng 170ml dd HCl 2M. a. C cn dd thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan? b. Tnh th tch kh thot ra ktc? 13

GV: Trng Th Tho c. Nu kim loi ha tr III l Al v s mol bng 5 ln s mol kim loi ha tr II th kim loi ha tr II v nguyn t no? Bi 66: Kh m gam mt oxit st cha bit bng CO nng d n hon ton ta thu c st v kh A. ha tan ht lng st bng dd HCl d ta thu c 1,68 lt kh H2 ktc. Hp th ton b kh A bng Ca(OH)2 th thu c 10g kt ta. Tm CT ca oxit st? Chuyn 3: TACH TINH CH CC CHAT. * Lu : Tch cc (tng) cht ra khi hh # tch 1 cht ra khi hh. * Phng php vt l: - pp lc: dng tch cht khng tan ra khi cht lng khi cho hh i qua b phn lc: giy lc, vi - pp chit: dng tch cc cht lng khng ha tan ra khi hh cht lng khng dng nht. - pp chng ct phn on: dng tch cc cht c nhit nng chy, nhit ng c khc nhau ra khi hh. - Pp t tnh: Dng nam chm ht ly cc cht nhim t ra khi hh. * Phng php ha hc: - Dng p c trng t/d ln nhng cht mun tch theo cc iu kin sau: Ch tc dng ln cht mun tch. Sn phm to thnh d dng tch ra khi hh ban u bng pp vt l: lc, chit Cht sn phm d dng ti to li thnh cht ban u. - S tch: AB YA +B XY +A Y - Trnh by cch tin hnh bng li. - Vit cc PTHH minh ha. * Bi tp p dng: Bi 1: Bng pphh hy tch ring hh SO2 v CO2? Bi 2: ------------------------------- tng cht trong hh rn: Na2CO3; BaCO3; MgCO3? Bi 3: Lm th no c th thu c AlCl3 tinh khit t AlCl3 c ln FeCl3 v CuCl2? Bi 4: Nu pp tch cc cht sau y ra khi hh ca chng: a. hh rn: CaO; Al2O3; Fe2O3. b. Hh rn: AlCl3; ZnCl2; FeCl2. c. Dd mui: NaCl; MgCl2; NH4Cl. d. Hh rn: CaCO3; uSO4; (NH4)2SO4. Bi 5: Trnh by cch tinh ch cc dd sau: a. HCl c ln H2SO4. b. FeCl3 c ln BaCl2. c. H2SO4 c ln HCl. d. NaCl c ln NaOH, Na2CO3. e. NaOH c ln Na2CO3 v CaCO3. Bi 6: Nu pp tch cc cht sau t cc hh: a. Cht kh: HCl; O2; SO2 b. Cht kh: NH3; H2S; H2. c. Hh Cht rn: Na2O; CaO; MgO. Bi 7: Trong phng TN0 c lng ln kh c sau, lm th no loi b: 14 Y

GV: Trng Th Tho a. Kh CO2 v SO2. b. Kh H2S v NO2. Bi 8: Lm th no lm kh cc kh sau ln hi nc: a. NH3; H2; CO. b. SO2; H2S; NO2. Bi 9: Lm th no thu c Bc tinh khit trong hh Bc c ln ng v nhm? Bi 10:---------------------------Fe -------------------------Fe c ln Al, Cu, Al2O3? Bi 11: Qung Nhm c ln Fe2O3 v SiO2. Hy vit s thu c Al2O3 tinh khit? Bi 12: Lm th no tch cc cht sau y dng nguyn cht t hh? a. CO; CO2; SO2 b. H2; Cl2; CO c. O2; HCl; SO2 Bi 13: Lm th no thu c cc kh tinh khit: a. CO2 c ln SO2? b. CO2 c ln CO? c. H2 c ln NH3? Bi 14: Lm th no tch c cc cht ring bit cc kim loi t cc hh sau: a. AlCl3; ZnCl2; CuCl2 b. Mg, Fe, Al c. MgO; CuO; BaO. Bi 15: Lam the nao e thu c O2 tinh khiet t hh O2 va CO2? Bai 16: Bac co lan tap chat la Cu. Hay trnh bay hai pphh tach c Ag ra khoi hh. Viet cac ptp a dung? Bai 17: Bang pphh: a. tach kh CH4 ra khoi hh kh: CH4, C2H4, C2H2. b. H2.: C2H2, H2, CO2. c. Cu : Cu, Fe, Ag. Bai 18: Neu pp tach hh gom 3 kh: Cl2, H2, CO2 thanh cac chat nguyen chat? Bai 19: Tinh che cac chat kh sau ay: a. Oxi co lan Cl2, CO2, SO2. b. Clo co lan O2, CO2, SO2. c. CO2 co lan kh HCl va hi nc. Bai 20: Neu pp tach hh a voi, silic i oxit va sat (II) clorua thanh tng chat nguyen chat? Bai 30: a. Trnh bay pphh e lay tng oxit t hh: SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CuO. b.Hay trnh bay pp lay tng kim loai Cu, Fe t hh cac oxit: SiO2, Al2O3, FeO, CuO. Bai 21: Neu pp tach hh a voi, voi song, thach cao, muoi an thanh tng chat nguyen chat? Bai 22: Tinh che: - CaSO3 co lan CaCO3 va Na2CO3? - Muoi an co lan CaCl2, CaSO4, Na2SO3? Bai 22: Mot loai muoi an co lan tap chat la: CaCl2, MgCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4, CaSO4. hay trnh bay cach loai cac tap chat ra khoi muoi an? Bai 23: Trnh bay pp tach Fe2O3 ra khoi hh Fe2O3, Al2O3, SiO3 dang bot. Ch dung 1 hoa chat duy nhat? Bai 24: Tach hh gom: BaCO3, BaSO4, BaCl2, KCl bang pphh? Bi 25: Lam the nao e tach cac chat ra khoi nhau: a) Fe va Cu b) Fe, Ag va Cu c) CuO, Fe2O3 va Al2O3. Chuyn 4:

IEU CHE CHAT.

15

*Phng php:

GV: Trng Th Tho - Nm chc tnh cht ha hc, cch iu ch ca cc cht v c. - Nm c mi quan h gia cc cht v c n gin. - Vit s iu ch di dng s chui phh. - C th ha s bng cc PTHH c th. Bai 1: Co nhng chat: a. Cu, O2, Cl2 va dd HCl. Hay viet cac ptp ieu che CuCl2 bang hai cach khac nhau? b. MgSO4, NaHCO3, K2S, CaCl2. Hay cho biet: - Muoi nao co the td vi dd Na2CO3? - .. HCl? Viet cac ptp xay ra? Bai 2: Ngi ta ieu che c nhng chat kh khac nhau t nhng p: a. Phan huy muoi cacbonat nhiet o cao. b. Kim loai td vi dd axit. c. Phan huy muoi Kali pemanganat nhiet o cao. d. P cua muoi sunfit vi dd Axit. Hay cho biet: - PTHH minh hoa ng vi moi TN tren? - Bang TN nao co the khang nh moi chat kh sinh ra trong nhng phh noi tren? Bai 3: Viet ptp ieu che ZnCl2; FeCl2 va CuCl2 t: - Kim loai: Zn, Fe, Cu. - Oxit: ZnO, FeO, CuO. - Hiroxit: Zn(OH)2; Fe(OH)2; Cu(OH)2. Bai 4: T nhng chat: BaO, H2O, H2SO4, CuO. Hay viet cac PTHH e ieu che: a. Ba(OH)2? b. Cu(OH)2? Bai 5: T nhng chat: Cu, O2, Cl2, dd HCl. Hay viet cac PTP ieu che CuCl2 bang hai cach khac nhau? Bai 6: T CuSO4 va cac hoa chat co san, hay trnh bay 2 pp khac nhau e ieu che ra Cu kim loai? Bai 7: t nhng chat: Al, O2, H2O, CuSO4, Fe va dd HCl hay viet pthh ieu che cac chat: Cu, Al2(SO4)3, AlCl3 ( hai pp), FeCl2. Bai 8: Co nhng chat: NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4, CO2, H2O, Fe, KClO3, HCl, H2SO4 ac, Cu, KMnO4. hay chon nhng chat nao co the dung ieu che cac chat sau va viet ptp xay ra: a. Kh Hidro. B. Kh Oxi. C. Mot dd co` tnh axit yeu. D. ong (II) sunfat. Bai 18: t mot dd hh hai muoi la Cu(NO3)2 va AgNO3, lam the nao co the ieu che 2 kim loai rieng biet la Ag va Cu? Viet cac ptp a dung? Bai 9: a. cho cac chat: Nhom, oxi, nc, ong sunfat, sat, axit clohidric. Hay ieu che ong, ong oxit, nhom clorua (bang 2pp), sat (II) clorua. Viet cac ptp? b.Bang cach nao t sat ta co the ieu che sat (II) hidroxit, sat (III) hidroxit? Viet cac ptp? Bai 10: a. ch t chat KMnO4, BaCl2, H2SO4, Fe co the ieu che c cac kh g? b.Muon ieu che 3 chat ran: NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3. - trnh bay 3 pp ieu che moi chat? - ch dung mot thuoc th, hay nhan biet tng dd cac chat tren? Bai 11: co mot dd gom hai muoi: Al2(SO4)3 va CuSO4. 16

* Bi tp p dng:

GV: Trng Th Tho a. trnh bay mot pphh e t dd tren ieu che ra dd Al2(SO4)3. viet cac PTHH? b. Trnh bay mot pphh e t dd tren ieu che ra dd CuSO4. viet cac PTHH? Bi 12: a) Viet 4 loai phan ng tao thanh NaOH. b) Viet 6 loai phan ng tao thanh CaSO4. c) Viet 6 loai phan ng tao thanh CO2. Bi 13: T quang Pyrit FeS2, O2, H2O va chat xuc tac thch hp. Viet cac PTP ieu che Sat (III) sunfat. Bi 14: T Photphat t nhin v qung pirit st, hy iu ch phn superphotphat n (Ca(H2PO4)2 v CaSO4). Bi 15: Vit PTHH iu ch MgO bng 4 cch? Bi 16: Hy vit cc PTHH iu ch: a. Kh CO2 bng 4 hp cht? b. T mui n(NaCl) hy vit cc PTHH iu ch ra NaOH? c. T mui n, vi v khng kh hy vit cc PTHH iu ch xa , m ur. d. T pirit st, mui KCl, qung boxit v cc cht v c cn thit khc, hy vit cc PTHH iu ch ra: FeCl2; FeCl3; Fe(OH)3; Al(OH)3; Al2O3, phn chua. Bi 17: Vit cc PTHH iu ch: a. Kh NH3 bng 3 cch? c.CaCO3 bng 5 cch e. Cu(OH)2 bng 3 cch. b. Kh SO2 bng 7 cch? D. FeCl2 bng 5 cch Bi 18: a. T H2O; CuO; S hy iu ch CuSO4 bng 3 cch. b. C cc ha cht: NaCl; CaCl2; MnO2 v axit H2SO4 c. em trn ln vi nhau ntn to thnh HCl; Cl2? Bi 19: a. T photphat t nhin hy iu ch H3PO4, phn supephotphat n v supephotphat kp? b. C mt hh gm CuO; Fe2O3, Al, HCl. Hy iu ch Cu nguyn cht bng nhiu cch khc nhau? Bi 20: T mui n, vi v nc. hy vit cc PTHH iu ch nc Javen, clorua vi?

Chuyn 7: TM TP% CUA CAC CHAT TRONG HH.

* Phng php:
- Gi x, y ln lt l s mol ca A, B, - Vit cc PTHH c th xy ra. - Da vo PTHH lp PT ton hc theo s mol x, y gi. - Gii PT, H PT ton hc -> Tm ra s mol x, y. mA mB - Tnh TP % cc cht: % mA = mhh .100% ; : % mB = mhh .100%

* Bi tp p dng:
Bi 1: Ha tan hon ton 11,9g hh hai kim loi Al, Zn vo dd axit H2SO4 long thu c 8,96 lt kh H2 (ktc). a. Xc nh tp% v k.l ca Nhm v Km trong hh? b. Tnh th tch dd H2SO4 0,5M ha tan ht hh trn? Bi 2: Khi cho mt ming hp kim gm Na v K t/d ht vi nc th thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc) v mt dd A. em trung ha dd A bng dd axit HCl 25%, sau c cn th thu c 13,3g mui khan. a. Tnh % v k.l mi kim loi trong hp kim? b. Tnh k.l dd axit dng? Bai 3: Cho 9,1g mot hh hai Oxit Al2O3 va MgO t/d va u vi 250ml dd axit HCl 2M. tnh tp % khoi lng moi Oxit trong hon hp au. Bai 4: Khi nung hh CaCO3 va MgCO3 th khoi lng chat ran thu c sau p ch bang khoi lng ban au. Xac nh tp % cac chat trong hon hp ban au? Bai 5: Khi nung hh CaCO3 va MgCO3 th khoi lng chat ran thu c sau p ch bang khoi lng ban au. Xac nh tp % cac chat trong hon hp ban au? 17

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 6: Nung nong hh CuO va FeO vi C d th thu c chat ran A va kh B. cho B td vi dd nc voi trong co d th thu c 20g ket tua. Chat ran A td va u vi 150g dd axit HCl 15%. a) Viet cac PTP. b) Tnh k.l moi chat trong hon hp au va the tch kh B ktc? Bai 7: Khi phan huy bang nhiet 14,2g hh CaCO3 va MgCO3 ta thu c 6,6 lt CO2 (ktc). Tnh tp % cua cac chat trong hon hp ? Bai 8: Nung 18,4g hh CaCO3 va MgCO3. p xong ngi ta thu c hh chat ran co khoi lng giam 8,8g so vi khoi lng hh trc khi nung. a> Viet PTP b> Tnh khoi lng moi chat trong hh trc khi nung? Bai 9: Cho hh kh CO va CO2 i qua dd Ca(OH)2 d th thu c 1g ket tua mau trang . neu cho hh kh nay qua CuO nung nong d th thu c 0,64g Cu. Xac nh tp % theo the tch cua moi kh trong hh? Bai 10: Co 10g hh Cu va CuO td vi dd H2SO4 loang, loc lay chat ran khong tan, cho vao H2SO4 ac nong thu c 1,12 lt kh SO2 (ktc). Tnh tp % ve khoi lng cac chat trong hon hp? Bai11: Cho 18g hp kim nhom- magie vao dd HCl co 20,16 lt kh H2 bay ra (ktc). Xac nh thanh phan % nhom magie trong hp kim? Bai 12: Cho 16g hon hp Fe2O3, MgO hoa tan het trong dd HCl. Sau p can trung hoa long axit con d bang 50g dd Ca(OH)2 14,8%, sau o em co can dd c 46,35g muoi khan. Xac nh tp % cac chat trong hh? Bai 13: Co 10g hh Cu va CuO td vi dd H2SO4 loang, loc lay chat ran khong tan, cho vao H2SO4 ac nong thu c 1,12 lt kh SO2 (ktc). Tnh tp % ve khoi lng cac chat trong hon hp? Bai 14: Cho 18g hp kim nhom- magie vao dd HCl co 20,16 lt kh H2 bay ra (ktc). Xac nh thanh phan % nhom magie trong hp kim? Bai 15: Cho 16g hon hp Fe2O3, MgO hoa tan het trong dd HCl. Sau p can trung hoa long axit con d bang 50g dd Ca(OH)2 14,8%, sau o em co can dd c 46,35g muoi khan. Xac nh tp % cac chat trong hh? Bai 16:Cho 57,3g hh Na2CO3 va K2CO3 vao dd HCl. Dan lng kh sinh ra qua nc voi trong co d thu c 45g ket tua. Tnh khoi lng moi muoi trong hh au? Bai 17*: Cho 15,9g hh X gom 2 muoi MgCO3 va CaCO3 vao 0,4l dd HCl 1M thu c ddY. b>Hoi dd Y co d axit khong? c> Tnh lng CO2 co the thu c? d>Cho vao dd Y mot lng dd NaHCO3 d th the tch kh CO2 thu c la 1,12 lt (ktc). Tnh khoi lng moi muoi trong hh X? Bai 18*: Cho 33,6g hh gom KHSO3 va K2CO3 vao 300g dd HCl 6,08%, sau khi p ket thuc thu c hh kh X co t khoi so vi kh hiro bang 24 va mot dd A. a>Hay chng minh rang axit con d. b>Tnh C% cac chat trong dd A. Bai 19:Cho 57,3g hh Na2CO3 va K2CO3 vao dd HCl. Dan lng kh sinh ra qua nc voi trong co d thu c 45g ket tua. Tnh khoi lng moi muoi trong hh au? Bai 20*: Cho 15,9g hh X gom 2 muoi MgCO3 va CaCO3 vao 0,4l dd HCl 1M thu c ddY. e>Hoi dd Y co d axit khong? f> Tnh lng CO2 co the thu c? g>Cho vao dd Y mot lng dd NaHCO3 d th the tch kh CO2 thu c la 1,12 lt (ktc). Tnh khoi lng moi muoi trong hh X? Bai 21*: Cho 33,6g hh gom KHSO3 va K2CO3 vao 300g dd HCl 6,08%, sau khi p ket thuc thu c hh kh X co t khoi so vi kh hiro bang 24 va mot dd A. 18

GV: Trng Th Tho c> Hay chng minh rang axit con d. d>Tnh C% cac chat trong dd A. Bai 22: cho 8,8g hh A gom Mg va MgO tac dung vi dd axit HCl d thu c 4,48 lt kh (ktc). a>tnh khoi lng moi chat trong hh? b>Phai dung bao nhieu ml dd axit HCl 2M u e hoa tan het 8,8g hh A tren? Bai 23: cho 8,8g hh A gom Mg va MgO tac dung vi dd axit HCl d thu c 4,48 lt kh (ktc). c> tnh khoi lng moi chat trong hh? d>Phai dung bao nhieu ml dd axit HCl 2M u e hoa tan het 8,8g hh A tren? Bai 24: Cho 5g hh A gom Mg va MgO td vi dd HCl d thu c 2,24 lt kh (ktc). a>tnh khoi lng moi chat trong A. b>tnh tp % cac chat trong A. Bai 25: cho mot hh A gom Fe va MgCO3 td vi dd axit clohidric d, dan kh tao thanh loi qua nc voitrong co d th thu c 10g ket tua va con lai 1,12 lt kh khong mau (ktc). Tnh tp% cac chat trong hh A? Bai 26: hh 3,2g gom Mg va MgO cho p het vi dd HCl thay thoat ra 1,12 lt kh H2 (ktc) a. tnh tp % cac chat trong hh au? b. Tnh C% cua dd thu c sau p neu khoi lng axit a dung la 246,9g? Bai 27: cho 5,2g hh X gom Mg va MgO td het vi dd HCl th thu c 1,12 lt kh ktc. a. Tnh khoi long moi chat co trong X. b. Tnh the tch dd HCl 0,5M va u e hoa tan het 5,2g hh X? Bai 28: cho 6g hh gom Mg va MgO td vi dd H2SO4 loang d thu c 3,36 lt kh ktc. Tnh tp% theo khoi lng cua moi chat trong hh? Bai 29: cho 5,2g hh X gom Mg va MgO td het vi dd HCl th thu c 1,12 lt kh ktc. c. Tnh khoi long moi chat co trong X. d. Tnh the tch dd HCl 0,5M va u e hoa tan het 5,2g hh X? Bai 30: cho 6g hh gom Mg va MgO td vi dd H2SO4 loang d thu c 3,36 lt kh ktc. Tnh tp% theo khoi lng cua moi chat trong hh? Bai 31: Cho 3,04g hh NaOH va KOH tac dung vi dd HCl thu c 4, 15g cac muoi clorua. Tnh khoi lng moi hiroxit trong hh? Bai 32: Cho 120g dd NaOH 20% p vi kh CO2 ktc e tao thanh hh muoi trung hoa va muoi axit theo t le so mol la 3:2. tnh the tch kh CO2 can dung? Bai 33: Cho 38,2g hh Na2CO3 va K2CO3 vao dd HCl. Dan lng kh sinh ra qua nc voi trong d thu c 30g ket tua. Tnh khoi lng moi muoi trong hh au? Bai 34: Cho 0,325g hh gom NaCl va KCl c hoa tan vao nc. Sau o, cho dd AgNO3 vao dd tren ta thu c mot ket tua co khoi lng 0,717g. tnh tp% cac chat tronh hh? Bai 35: Nung 26,8g hh CaCO3 va MgCO3, sau khi p ket thuc, thu c 13,6g hh 2 oxit va kh cacbonic. Tnh the tch kh CO2 thu c (ktc)? Bai 36: Nung nong hh gom 2 muoi CaCO3 va MgCO3 th c 76g hai oxit va 33,6 lt kh CO2 ktc. Tnh khoi lng hh ban au? Bai 37: Cho 44,2g hh hai muoi A2SO4 va B2SO4 td va u vi dd BaCl2 th thu c 69,9g ket tua BaSO4. Tm khoi lng 2 muoi tan? Bai 24: Hoa tan 25,8g hh BaCl2 va CaCl2 vao 214,2 ml nc e c dd A. them vao dd A 210ml dd NaCO3 1M th thu c 23,82g ket tua va 480ml dd B. Tnh C% cua ddd BaCl2 va CaCl2? 19

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 38: Cho 3,9g hh gom NaCl va KCl hoa tan vao nc. Sau o cho dd AgNO3 vao dd noi tren ta thu c mot ket tua nang 8,607g. tnh tp% cac chat co trong hh? Bai 39: Hoa tan 15,02g hh gom CaCl2 va BaCl2 vao nc c 600ml ddA. Lay 1/10 dd A cho p vi dd AgNO3 d thu c 2,87g ket tua. a. Tnh so gam moi muoi trong hh au? b. Tnh CM cac muoi co trong dd A? Bai 40: cho 2,464 lt kh CO2 (ktc) i vao dd NaOH sinh ra 11,44g hh hai muoi la Na2CO3 va NaHCO3. xac nh khoi lng cua moi muoi trong hh thu c? Bai 41: nung nong 19,15g hh CuO va PbO vi mot lng Cacbon va u trong moi trng khong co khong kh e oxit kim loai b kh het. Toan bo lng kh sinh ra c dan vao dd Ca(OH)2 d, p xong ngi ta thu c 7,5g ket tua mau trang. e. xac nh tp% theo khoi lng trong hh ban au? f. Tnh khoi lng cacbon can dung cho p kh cac oxit? Bai 42: kh hoan toan 20g hh CuO va Fe2O3 nhiet o cao, ngi ta can dung 7,84 lt kh CO (ktc). Xac nh tp% cua moi chat trong hh trc va sau p? Bai 43: cho 19g hh Na2CO3 va NaHCO3 td vi 100g dd HCl, sinh ra 4,48 lt kh (ktc). Tnh khoi lng moi muoi tronh hh? Bai 44: hoa tan hoan toan 27,4g hh hai muoi M2CO3 va MHCO3 bang 400ml dd HCl 1M thoat ra 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc). Xac nh ten kim loai trong cac muoi va tp% theo khoi lng cac muoi trong hh? Bai 45: nung nong 19,15g hh CuO va PbO vi mot lng Cacbon va u trong moi trng khong co khong kh e oxit kim loai b kh het. Toan bo lng kh sinh ra c dan vao dd Ca(OH)2 d, p xong ngi ta thu c 7,5g ket tua mau trang. g. xac nh tp% theo khoi lng trong hh ban au? h. Tnh khoi lng cacbon can dung cho p kh cac oxit? Bai 46: kh hoan toan 20g hh CuO va Fe2O3 nhiet o cao, ngi ta can dung 7,84 lt kh CO (ktc). Xac nh tp% cua moi chat trong hh trc va sau p? Bai 47: cho 19g hh Na2CO3 va NaHCO3 td vi 100g dd HCl, sinh ra 4,48 lt kh (ktc). Tnh khoi lng moi muoi tronh hh? Bai 48: hoa tan hoan toan 27,4g hh hai muoi M2CO3 va MHCO3 bang 400ml dd HCl 1M thoat ra 6,72 lt CO2 (ktc). Xac nh ten kim loai trong cac muoi va tp% theo khoi lng cac muoi trong hh? Bai 49: kh hoan toan 40g hh CuO va Fe2O3 nhiet o cao, ngi ta phai dung 15,68 lt kh CO (ktc). a. xac nh tp% moi chat co trong hh? b. Bang pphh hay tach rieng Cu ra khoi hh thu c sau p? Viet ptp a dung? Bai 50: kh hoan toan 40g hh CuO va Fe2O3 nhiet o cao, ngi ta phai dung 15,68 lt kh CO (ktc). c. xac nh tp% moi chat co trong hh? d. Bang pphh hay tach rieng Cu ra khoi hh thu c sau p? Viet ptp a dung? Bai 51: Al4C3 va CaC2 tac dung vi nc theo pt: Al4C3 + 12H2O -> 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4 CaC2 + 2H2O -> Ca(OH)2 + C2H2 Cho hh hai chat tren tac dung vi nc d thu c 2,016 lt hh kh. Lay hh nay ot chay hoan toan thu c 2,688 lt CO2. tnh lng Al4C3 va CaC2 trong hh. Biet cac the tch kh eu o ktc. 20

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 52: cho 16g hh gom Fe2O3, MgO hoa tan het trong dd HCl. Sau p can trung hoa lng axit con d bang 50g dd Ca(OH)2 14,8%, sau o em co can dd c 46,35g muoi khan. Tnh tp% moi oxit trong hh au? Bai 53: Cho hh A gom 3 oxit: Al2O3, CuO, K2O. tien hanh 3 Tno : TN1: neu cho hh A vao nc d, khuay k thay con 15g chat ran khong tan. TN2: neu cho them vao hh A mot lng Al2O3 bang 50% lng Al2O3 ban au roi lai hoa tan vao nc d. Sau Tn con lai 21g chat ran khong tan. TN3: neu cho vao hh A mot lng Al2O3 bang 75% lng Al2O3 trong A, roi lai hoa tan vao nc d, thay con lai 25g chat ran khong tan. Tnh khoi lng moi oxit trong hh A? Bai 54: cho 45,5g hh gom Zn, Cu, Au vao dd HCl co d, con lai 32,5g chat khong tan. Cung lay 45,5g hh ay mang ot th khoi lng tang len 51,9g. - tnh tp% cua hh tren? - Tnh khoi lng cua dd HCl p u vi hh tren? Bai 55:mot hh gom Cu va Fe co tong khoi lng la 12g c cho vao 400ml dd HCl 1M. sau p thu c 6,4g chat ran, dd A va V lt kh (ktc). a. tnh tp% k.l moi kim loai trong hh au? b. Lay 360ml dd KOH 1M cho vao dd A. tnh lng ket tua tao thanh? Bai 56: Hoa tan 9g hp kim nhom Magie trong dd HCl co 10,08 lt H2 bay ra (ktc). Xac nh tp% cac chat trong hp kim? Bai 57: cho 1,41g hh hai kim loai la Al va Mg tac dung vi dd H2SO4 loang d, p xong ngi ta thu c 1568ml kh (ktc). a. Tnh tp% theo khoi long va theo so mol cua moi kim loai co trong hh au? b. Bang pphh hay tach rieng kim loai Mg ra khoi hh. Viet ptp a dung? Bai 58: Ngam 16,6g hh bot cac kimloai Al va Fe trong dd HCl d. Phan ng xong ngi ta thu c 11,2lt kh hiro (ktc). a. tnh khoi lng moi kim loai co trong hh? b. Bang pphh nao, ngi ta co the ieu che c Fe2O3 t hh hai kim loai tren. Viet cac PTP? Bai 59: a. Cho 13,4g hh gom CaCO3 va MgCO3 vao dd HCl d, sau p thu c 3,36lt kh CO2 ktc. - tnh so gam moi chat trong hh - tnh the tch dd HCl 1M can va u. Bai 60: Hoa tan 4,5g hp kim Nhom- Magie trong dd H2SO4 loang, d co 5,04 lt kh hidro bay ra (ktc). Tnh tp% cac kim loai co trong hp kim? Bai 61: khi hoa tan 6g hp kim gom Cu, Fe, Al trong axit clohidric d tao thanh 3,024 lt H2 (ktc) va con lai 1,86g kim loai khong tan. Xac nh tp% khoi lng cac kim loai? Bai 62: e hoa tan hoan toan 3,01g bot gom Nhom va Bari th can va u 350ml dd HCl 0,2M. tnh khoi lng moi kim loai trong hh au? Bai 63: cho 4,15g hh bot Fe va Al tac dung vi 200ml dd CuSO4 0,525M. khuay k hh e p xay ra hoan toan. em loc ket tua A gom hai kim loai co khoi lng 7,48g va dd nc loc. Tm so mol cac kim loai trong hh ban au va trong hh A? Bi 64: Hoa tan hoan toan 14,6g hon hp Zn va ZnO bang dd HCl d thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). a) Tnh tp % khoi lng moi chat ban au? b) Tnh khoi lng muoi tao thanh? c) Tnh the tch dd HCl 36% (d = 1,18g/ml) can dung? Bi 65: Cho 5,44g hon hp CaCO3 va MgCO3 phan ng vi dd H2SO4 th thu c 7,6g hon hp 2 muoi khan. 21

GV: Trng Th Tho a) Tnh khoi lng moi chat co trong hon hp ban au? b) Tnh khoi lng moi chat co trong hon hp 2 muoi tao thanh? Bi 66: Hoa tan 12,8g hon hp Mg va MgO phai dung heat 400ml dd HCl 2M a) Tnh % khoi lng moi chat co trong hon hp ban au? b) Cho 1 lng dd NaOH d vao dd sau P se thu c bao nhieu gam ket tua? Bi 67: Cho mot h2 A gom Mg va MgCO3 tac dung vi dd HCl d . dan kh tao thanh loi qua nc voi trong d th thu c 10g ket tua va con lai 2,8l kh khong mau (ktc). Tnh tp % theo khoi lng moi chat trong hon hp A. Bi 68: Nung nong 136g hon hp 2 baz Mg(OH)2 va Fe(OH)3 th khoi lng giami 36g. a) tnh khoi lng cua 2 Oxit thu c b) Biet 2 oxit co t le mol: 1:1. Tnh khoi lng cua moi baz trong h2 au? Bi 69: Cho 10 lt hh kh (ktc) gm N2 v CO2 li qua 2 lt dd Ca(OH)2 0,2M thu c 10g kt ta. tnh tp% v th tch cc kh trong hh ban u? Bi 70: Cho 11,6g hh NaOH v KOH t/d va vi dd CuSO4 thu c kt ta X v dd Y. lc ly cht kt ta X em nung nhit cao n k.l khng i thu c 10g cht rn. Tnh k.l ca mi oxit trong hh ban u? Chuyn 6: TOAN LIEN QUAN EN NONG O DUNG DCH.

* Phng php:
- Nm vng cc cng thc lin quan n nng dung dch: mct + Nng phn trm: C% = mdd .100% n + Nng dung dch: CM = V + Khi lng ring: d = m v + Cng thc chuyn t nng mol sang nng %: CM = 10.d M .CM *Lu : mdd = mdm + mct; mddsp = mcc cht trc p - mcht kh - mCht kt ta. - Phng php ng cho: Cht A: C1(%) C2(%) C(%) C(%) Cht B: C2(%) C(%) C1 (%) =>
C 2 (%) C (%) C (%) C 1(%)

mA mB

* Bi tp p dng:
Bai 5: Cho 17,4g hh FeO va Fe2O3 co t le so mol la 1:1 vao 450ml dd HCl 2M c dd A. a) Tnh nong o mol cua cac chat trong dd sau p biet the tch dd thay oi khong ang ke? b) Tnh the tch dd NaOH 2,5M u e td het vi ddA? Bai 2: Cho 180g dd H2SO4 15% vao 320g dd BaCl2 10%. a. Tnh khoi lng ket tua thu c? b. Tnh C% cac chat trong dd sau P? Bai 3: Hoa tan 11,2g lt kh HCl vao 188,8g nc c dd A. lay 80g dd A cho td vi 120g dd AgNO3 15% th thu c dd B va mot chat ket tua. Tnh C% cac chat trong dd sau P? Bai 5: Co 200ml dd HCl 0,2M. a>Can bao nhieu ml dd NaOH 0,1M e trung hoa dd axit noi tren? b>Can bao nhieu gam dd Ca(OH)2 5% e trung hoa het lng axit tren? Bai 10: Cho 200g dd Na2CO3 td va u vi 120g dd HCl. Sau p dd co nong o 20%. Tnh C% cua hai dd au? 22

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 11: Cho 307g dd Na2CO3 td vi 365g dd HCl. Sau p thu c mot dd muoi co nong o 9%. Hay tnh C% cua dd Na2CO3 va dd HCl? Bai 12: Cho 200g dd BaCl2 5,2% td vi 58,8g dd H2SO4 20%. Tnh C% cua cac chat co trong dd sau p? Bai 20: trung hoa 20ml dd H2SO4 1M bang dd HCl 20%. a>viet PTP xay ra? b>Tnh so gam dd NaOH phai dung? c> Thay dd NaOH bang dd KOH 5,6% co khoi lng rieng la 1,045g/ml. tnh the tch dd KOH can dung e trung hoa dd H2SO4 a cho? Bai 23: khi cho 60g dd HCl tac dung vi dd Na2CO3 d, thu c 3,36 lt kh (ktc). Tnh C % cua dd HCl noi tren? Bai 25: a> mot dd cha 16g NaOH. Tnh the tch dd HCl 1M can dung e trung hoa dd tren? b> cho mot mau qu tm vao dd NaOH noi tren roi nho t t HCl vao dd o ti d. Hay cho biet hien tng quan sat c. Giai thch? Bai 29: hoa tan mot lng sat vao 259ml dd H2SO4 (va u p) thu c 16,8 lt kh hiro ktc. a. tnh khoi lng sat a dung. b. Tnh nong o CM cua dd H2SO4 a dung? Bai 1: Trung hoa dd can xi hiroxit bang dd axit clohidric. Neu co 200ml dd HCl 2M th phai dung bao nhieu gam dd Ca(OH)2 10%? Bai 2: Trung hoa 200ml dd H2SO4 1M bang dd NaOH 20%. Tnh k.l dd NaOH can dung? Bai 4: Trung hoa 200ml dd HCl 1M bang dd NaOH 20%. Tnh khoi lng muoi tao thanh va k.l dd NaOH 20% phai dung? Bai 7: e trung hoa mot dd co cha 189g HNO3, lan th nhat ngi ta dung mot dd co cha 112g KOH, lan th hai ngi ta dung them dd Ba(OH)2 co nong o 25%. a. Viet cac ptp? b. Tnh khoi long dd Ba(OH)2 phai dung? Bai 8; Cho 15,5g Na2O tac dung vi nc , thu c 0,5lt dd baz. a. Viet ptp va tnh CM cua dd baz? b. Tnh the tch dd H2SO4 nong o 205 co khoi lng rieng la 1,14g/ml can dung e trung hoa dd baz thu oc? c. Tnh nong o mol/l chat co trong dd sau p trung hoa? Bai 12: Cho 50ml dd H2SO4 1M td vi 60 ml dd NaOH. Dd sau p lam oi mau qu tm thanh o. e dd khong lam oi mau qu tm, ngi ta phai cho them vao dd tren 20ml dd KOH 0,5M. Tnh CM cua dd NaOH a dung? Bai 13: 100 ml dd NaOH tac dung va u vi 1,12 lt kh CO2 ktc, tao thanh muoi trung hoa. Tnh CM cua dd NaOH a dung. Cho rang te tch cua dd sau p thay oi khong ang ke? Bai 15: Cho m gam NaOH nguyen chat vao 252g nc c dd A. cho dd A tac dung vi dd Cu(NO3)2 co d, thu c 58,8g ket tua Cu(OH)2. Hay tnh C% cac chat co trong dd thu c? Bai 2: Them t t dd H2SO4 10% vao li ng mot muoi cacbonat cua kim loai hoa tr I, cho ti khi va thoat het kh CO2 th thu c dd muoi Sunfat co nong o 13,63%. Xac nh CTPT cua muoi cacbonat? Bai 10: Cho 200g dd NaCO3 td va u vi 120g dd HCl. Sau p dd co nong o 20%. Tnh C% cua 2 dd au? 23

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 11: Cho 307g dd Na2CO3 td vi 365g dd HCl. Sau p thu c mot dd muoi co nong o 9%. Tnh C% cua dd Na2CO3 va dd HCl? Bai 12: Cho 200g dd BaCl2 5,2% td vi 58,8g dd H2SO4 20%. Tnh C% cac chat co trong dd? Bai 13: Cho m gam NaOH nguyen chat vao 250g nc c dd A. cho dd A td vi dd Cu(NO3)2 co d, thu c 58,8g ket tua. Tnh C% cac chat co trong dd thu c? Bai 16: e x l 100Kg hat giong ngi ta dung 8lt dd CuSO4 0,02% co khoi lng rieng1g/ml. tnh khoi lng CuSO4.5H2O can thiet e pha che dd co nong o tren u dung cho 5 tan hat giong? Bai 30: Hoa tan 9,3g Na2O vao 90,7g nc ta thu c ddA. Cho dd A vao 200g dd FeSO4 16% thu c ket tua B va dd C. Nung ket tua B en khoi lng khong oi c chat ran D. a. Tnh C% cua dd A? b. Tnh khoi lng ket tua B va C% cua dd C? c. Tnh the tch dd HCl 1,5M can e hoa tan het chat ran D? Bai 12: cho 15,5g Na2O td vi H2O, c 0,5 lt dd. a. viet PTP va tnh nong o Mol cua dd thu c? b. Tnh the tch dd H2SO4 20% ( d = 1,14g/ml) can dung e trung hoa dd noi tren? c. Tnh nong o Mol cua cac chat co trong dd sau trung hoa? Bai 20: hoa tan 1,6g CuO trong 100g dd H2SO4 20%. a. bao nhieu gam oxit tham gia p? b. Bao nhieu gam muoi ong c tao thanh? c. Tnh C% cua axit trong dd thu c sau p? Bai 48: cho 416g dd BaCl2 12% td va u vi dd cha 27,36g muoi sunfat kim loai A. sau khi loc bo ket tua thu c 800ml dd 0,2M cua muoi clorua kim loai A. tm CTPT cua muoi sunfat kim loai A? Bai 51: hoa tan x gam mot kim loai Z trong 200g dd HCl 7,3% (lng axit va u) thu c dd E trong o nong o cua muoi Z tao thanh la 11,96% theo k.l. Z la kim loai nao? Bai 59: hh A gom 2 kim loai Mg va Zn. (B) la dd H2SO4 co nong o la x mol/l. TN1: cho 34,02g A vao 2,8 lt B sinh ra 13,44 lt kh H2. TN2: cho 34,02g A vao 4,2 lt B sinh ra 15,68 lt kh H2. a. hay chng minh trong TN1 th hh kim loai cha tan het, trong TN2 axit con d? b. Tnh nong o x mol/l cua dd B va % k.l moi kim loai trong A. cho biet the tch H2 o ktc? b.Can bao nhieu ml dd NaOH cha 0,02g NaOH trong 1ml dd e chuyen 1,25g FeCl3.6H2O thanh Fe(OH)3? Bai 17: hoa tan mot lng sat vao 500 ml dd H2SO4 th va u, sau p thu c 33,6 lt kh hidro ktc. Hay tm: a. khoi lng sat a p? b. Nong o mol cua dd axit ban au? c. Khoi lng tinh the FeSO4.7H2O co the thu c? Bai 38: cho 18,6g hh A gom Zn va Fe vao 500 ml dd HCl. Khi p hoan toan, co can dd th thu c 34,575g chat ran. Lap lai TN tren vi 800ml dd HCl roi co can c 39,9g chat ran. Tnh CM cua dd HCl va khoi lng moi kim loai trong hh? Bai 25: Khi cho 1,08g kim loai Nhom vao dd gom 6g dd CuSO4 40% va 9,12g dd FeSO4 50%. Co bao nhieu muoi va kim loai tao thanh? Viet ptp minh hoa? 24

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 26: Mot dd A co cha NaOH va 0,45mol NaAlO2. Cho 1,5mol HCl vao A thu c 23,4g ket tua. Tnh khoi lng NaOH trong ddA? Chuyn 9:

NG.

TOAN LIEN QUAN EN HIEU SUAT PHAN

* Phng php: - Tnh theo cc cht tham gia p: Lng cht thc t p (tnh theo PT) H% = -------------------------------------------------------- 100% Lng cht ly a vo p ( bi cho) - Tnh theo cc cht sn phm: Lng cht thc t thu c ( bi cho) H% = --------------------------------------------------------- .100% Lng thu c theo l thuyt (theo PT) * Bi tp p dng: Bi 1: Cho 1,12 lt kh SO2 (ktc) loi qua dd Ca(OH)2 d thu c mot ket tua. Tnh khoi lng ket tua nay, biet hieu suat P la 80%? Bi 2: Tnh lng axit sunfuric 96% thu c t 60Kg quang Pirit sat neu hieu suat P la 85%? Bai 3: t 320 tan quang pirit sat (FeS2) co cha 45% lu huynh a san xuat c 405 tan axit sunfuric. Hay xac nh hieu suat cua qua trnh sx? Bai 4: ien phan 200g dd NaCl 29,25% (co mang ngan). Tnh khoi lng NaOH thu c, biet rang hieu suat cua qua trnh ien phan la 90%? Bi 5: a. Tnh k.l vi sng thu c khi nung 1 tn vi, bit hiu sut p l 85%? b. C 1 loi vi cha 80% CaCO3. nung 1 tn vi loi ny c th thu c bao nhiu kg vi sng, nu hiu sut p l 85%? Bi 6: Dn ton b 2,24 lt kh hidro (ktc) qua ng ng CuO nung nng th thu c 5,76g Cu. Tnh hiu sut ca p ny? Bi 7: Ngi ta dng 490kg than t l chy my. Sau khi l ngui thy cn 49kg than cha chy. a. Tnh hiu sut ca s chy trn? b. Tnh lng CaCO3 thu c khi cho ton b lng kh CO2 sinh ra trn vo nc vi trong d? Bi 8: Tnh lng H2SO4 iu ch c khi cho 40kg SO3 hp nc. bit rng hiu sut p l 95%? Bi 10: C th iu ch bao nhiu kg Nhm t 1 tn qung cha 95% nhm oxit, bit hiu sut p l 98%? Bi 11: Ngi ta dng 200 tn qung c hm lng Fe2O3 l 30% luyn gang. Loi gang ny cha 80% Fe. Tnh lng gang thu c. bit hiu sut qu trnh sn xut l 96%? Bi 12: Ngi ta dng 80 tn qung pirit cha 40%S sn xut c 92 tn H2SO4. hy tnh hiu sut ca qu trnh? Chuyn 10: BI TON C NHIU KH NNG TO THNH SN PHM * Phng php: - Vit tt c cc PTHH c th xy ra. - Da vo t l s mol ca cc cht trn PTHH (h s cn bng) i chiu vi s mol thc t bi cho => xc nh sn phm l cht no: A, B hay hn hp nhiu cht. - Tnh ton theo cc PTHH. * Bi tp p dng: Bai 1*: Cho 19,6g axit photphoric td vi 200g dd Kali hidroxit co nong o 8,4%, khoi lng rieng la 1,08g/cm3. a. Nhng muoi nao thu c sau p? Khoi lng la bao nhieu? b. Tnh C% cua moi muoi trong dd sau p? 25

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 2: Cho 9,4g K2O tan vao nc. Tnh lng SO2 can thiet p vi dd tren e tao thanh: a. Muoi axit? b. Muoi trung hoa? c. Hh muoi axit va trung hoa theo t le phant gam la 2:1. Bai 3: Dan kh CO2 ieu che c bang cach cho 100g CaCO3 td vi dd HCl d, i qua dd co cha 60g NaOH. Tnh khoi lng muoi natri ieu che c? Bai 4: Cho 1,568 lt kh CO2 (ktc) li cham qua dd co hoa tan 3,2g NaOH. Hay xac nh thanh phan nh tnh va nh lng chat sinh ra sau p? Bai 5: Cho 50 ml dd KOH 3M td vi 50ml dd H2SO4 2M. Tnh so mol cac chat trong dd thu c? Bai 6*: Cho 49g axit photphoric td vi 250g dd KOH co nong o 18%. Nhng muoi nao tao thanh sau p? Tnh khoi lng cua moi muoi? Bai 7: Lay V lt kh CO2 cho hap thu hoan toan vao 500ml dd KOH thu oc 20,7g muoi K2CO3 va 30g muoi KHCO3. Hay tnh: a. The tch V cua kh CO2 ktc? b. CM cua dd KOH? Bai 8: Cho 120g dd NaOH 20% p vi kh CO2 ktc e tao thanh hh muoi trung hoa va muoi axit theo t le so mol la 3:2. Tnh the tch kh CO2 can dung? Bi 9: Cho 2,464 lt kh CO2 ktc i qua dd NaOH th sinh ra 11,44g hh hai mui. hy xc nh k.l mi mui trong hh thu c? Bi 10: Cho 2,24 lt kh CO2 sc vo 150ml dd NaOH 1M. Tnh nng M ca cc cht trong dd thu c sau p, bit rng th tch dd thay i khng ng k? Bi 11: Tnh th tch dd NaOH 0,5M hp th 5,6 lt kh CO2 ktc thu c hh 2 mui Na2CO3 v NaHCO3 c t l mol l 7:3? Bi 12:Cho 0,896 lt CO2 ktc i qua 2 lt dd Ba(OH)2 0,018M. tnh k.l cc mui thu c? Bi 13: Cho a mol KOH p vi b mol H3PO4. Tnh k.l cc cht thu c theo a, b? Bi 14: Cho 13,44 lt kh SO2 t/d vi 150g dd NH3 6,8%. Mui no c to thnh vi k.l l bao nhiu?

Chuyn 11:

BI TON DNG PHNG PHP TNG, GIM KHI LNG.

* Phng php:
- Kim loi mnh (tr kim loi kim) y c kim loi yu hn ra khi dd mui ca chng. - Khi cho ming kim loi vo dd mui, sau p: + Nu k.l thanh kim loi tng: Ly k.l kim loi to thnh sau p - k.l kim loi tham gia p = k.l thanh kim loi tng + Nu k.l thanh kim loi gim: Ly k.l kim loi tham gia p k.l kim loi to thnh sau p = k.l thanh kim loi gim.

* Bi tp minh ha:

Bai 1: cho 4,15g hh bot Fe va Al tac dung vi 200ml dd CuSO4 0,525M. khuay k hh e p xay ra hoan toan. em loc ket tua A gom hai kim loai co khoi lng 7,48g va dd nc loc. Tm so mol cac kim loai trong hh ban au va trong hh A? Bai 2: ngam mot thanh Nhom vao dd Sat (II) sunfat. Sau mot thi gian, lay thanh Nhom ra ra nhe, lam kho va can th thay khoi lng thanh tang 1,14g. hoi khoi lng Nhom sunfat tao thanh va khoi lng Sat (II) sun fat tham gia p? Bai 3: ngam mot la Nhom trong 250ml dd AgNO3 0,24m. sau mot thi gian p ngi ta nhan thay khoi lng la Nhom tang them 2,97g. a. tnh khoi lng nhom tham gia p va khoi lng Bac sinh ra? b. Tnh nong o CM cac chat co trong dd sau p. Biet the tch dd thay oi khong ang ke? 26

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 4: nhung 1 la sat co khoi lng 29g vao dd ong (II) sunfat. Sau khi ket thuc p, lay la sat ra ra nhe, lam kho va can nang 31g. tnh k.l la sat tham gia p va k.l ong tao thanh? Bai 5: nhung thanh sat co khoi lng 50g vao 500ml dd CuSO4. sau mot thi gian khoi lng thanh sat tang 4%.tnh khoi lng Cu thoat ra va nong o mol cua dd sat sunfat? Bai 6: ngi ta thc hien TN sau ay ve hh bot Fe va Fe2O3. - TN 1: cho mot luong kho CO d i qua a gam hh nhiet o cao, p xong ngi ta thu c 11,2g Fe. - TN 2: Ngam a gam hh tren trong dd CuSO4 d, p xong ngi ta thu c chat ran co khoi lng tang them 0,8g. Xac nh tp % cac chat co trong hh au? Bai 7: hoa tan x gam mot kim loai Z trong 200g dd HCl 7,3% (lng axit va u) thu c dd E trong o nong o cua muoi Z tao thanh la 11,96% theo k.l. Z la kim loai nao? Bai 8: hai thanh kim loai giong nhau (cung nguyen to R hoa tr II) va co cung k.l. cho thannh th nhat vao dd Cu(NO3)2 va thanh th 2 vao dd Pb(NO3). Sau 1 thi gian, khi so mol 2 muoi bang nhau, lay hai thanh kim loai o ra khoi dd thay k.l thanh th nhat giam i 0,2% con thanh th hai tang 28,4%. Xac nh nguyen to R? Bai 9: mot thanh kem co k.l 25g, nhung vao dd Sat (II) sunfat. Sau khi p lay thanh kem ra nhe, lam kho, can c 22,75g. hoi k.l kem sunfat thu c la bao nhieu? Bai 10: Cho mot thanh sat vao 100ml dd cha 2 muoi Cu(NO3)2 0,5M va AgNO3 2M. sau p lay thanh sat ra khoi dd, ra sach va lam kho th khoi lng thanh Fe giam hay tang? Hay giai thch? Bai 11: cho 1 thanh Ch kim loai td va u vi dd mu6oi nitrat cua kim loai hoa tr II, sau 1 thi gian khi k.l thanh Ch khong oi th lay ra khoi dd thay k.l no giam i 14,3g. cho thanh sat co k.l 50g vao dd sau p noi tren, sau 1 thi gian thay k.l thanh sat khong oi th lay ra khoi dd, ra sach, say kho, can nang 65,1g. tm ten kim loai hoa tr II? Bai 12: trong mot ong nghiem, ngi ta a hoa tan 5g CuSO4.5H2O roi tha vao o mot mieng kem. Co bao nhieu gam ong nguyen chat thoat ra sau p, biet rang a lay tha kem? Bai 13: cho la Kem co khoi lng 25g vao dd CuSO4. sau mot thi gian p ket thuc, em tam kim loai ra ra nhe, lam kho can c 24,96g. a. tnh k.l Kem a p? b. Tnh k.l ong sunfat co trong dd? Bai 14: a. nhung thanh sat nang 100g vao dd CuSO4 0,1m. sau p ket thuc, thay k.l thanh kim loai tang len 101,3g. hoi: - co bao nhieu gam sat tham giap? - The tch dd CuSO4 0,1M can va u cho p tren? Bi 15: Cho 12,5g tinh the CuSO4.5H2O vao 40g dd NaOH 15%. Tnh khoi lng chat ket tua va C% cua cac chat trong dd sau p? Bai 16: cho la sat co khoi lng 50g vao mot dd ong sunfat. Sau mot thi gian, nhac la sat ra th khoi lng la sat la 51g. tnh so mol muoi sat tao thanh sau p, biet rang tat ca ong sinh ra eu bam tren be mat cua la sat? Bai 17: nhung mot thanh sat vao dd CuSO4. sau mot thi gian lay rieng thanh sat ra, lau kho, thay khoi lng thanh sat tang 0,08g. tnh k.l sat tham gia p? Bai 18: a. co bao nhieu gam ong co the b 0,5 mol Kem nay ra khoi dd CuSO4? 27

GV: Trng Th Tho b.Nhung mot la Nhom vao dd CuSO4. sau mot thi gian lay Nhom ra th thay khoi lng dd nhe i 1,38g. tnh k.l Nhom a tham gia p? Bai 19: cho la kem co k.l 50g vao dd CuSO4. sau khi p ket thuc th k.l la kem la 49,82g. tnh khoi lng kem a tham gia p? Bai 20: Ngam mot la sat trong dd CuSO4. sau mot thi gian, lay la sat ra khoi dd ra nhe, lam kho, khoi lng la sat tang them 1g. tnh khoi lng la sat b hoa tan va khoi lng ong bam tren la sat? Bai 21: Ngam mot la ong nho trong 20ml dd AgNO3. p xong, lay la ong ra khoi dd, ra nhe, lam kho, khoi lng la ong tang them 1,52g. a. Xac nh nong o mol cua dd bac nitrat a dung? b. Tnh nong o % cua dd thu c sau p, biet dd nay co khoi lng rieng la 1,1g/ml. The tch cua dd sau p thay oi khong ang ke? Bai 22: ngam mot inh sat sach trong dd CuSO4. khi CuSO4 a p het, thay khoi lng inh sat tang them 0,4g. a. tnh so gam sat a b hoa tan va so gam muoi CuSO4 a tham gia p. b. Khoi lng dd CuSO4 a dung trong th nghiem tren la 210g, (d = 1,05g/ml). xac nh CM cua dd CuSO4 ban au? Bai 23: Ngam mot la ong vao dd AgNO3. sau p thay khoi lng la ong tang them 0,76g. a. Viet PTP xay ra? b. Tnh so gam ong b hoa tan? Bi 24: Mot tam kem co khoi lng 50g c cho vao dd CuSO4. sau khi p ket thuc, em tam kim loai ra ra sach, lam kho, can c 49,82g. hay xac nh lng CuSO4 co trong dd? Bai 25: Cho mot tam kem vao coc cha 200g dd HCl 10%; khi lay tam kem ra ra sach, lam kho, can lai thay khoi lng cua no giam 6,5g so vi trc. Hay xac nh nong o HCl sau p? Chuyn 13: CHNG MINH MT CHT P HT, KHNG P HT- KT TA LN NHT.

* Phng php:
- Gi s hh ch gm 1 cht A -> Tnh s mol hh = s mol A. - Gi s hh ch gm 1 cht B -> Tnh s mol hh = s mol B. => S mol A < S mol hh < S mol B (Gi s s mol A < s mol B) - Tm s mol cht p cn li, da trn PTHH, so snh vi s mol hh thy 1 cht p ht hay khng p ht.

* Bi tp p dng:

Bai 1: hh A gom 2 kim loai Mg va Zn. (B) la dd H2SO4 co nong o la x mol/l. TN1: cho 34,02g A vao 2,8 lt B sinh ra 13,44 lt kh H2. TN2: cho 34,02g A vao 4,2 lt B sinh ra 15,68 lt kh H2. a. Hay chng minh trong TN1 th hh kim loai cha tan het, trong TN2 axit con d? b. Tnh nong o x mol/l cua dd B va % k.l moi kim loai trong A. cho biet the tch H2 o ktc? * Bai 2 : Cho 15,9g hh X gom 2 muoi MgCO3 va CaCO3 vao 0,4l dd HCl 1M thu c ddY. a.Hoi dd Y co d axit khong? b.Tnh lng CO2 co the thu c? c. Cho vao dd Y mot lng dd NaHCO3 d th the tch kh CO2 thu c la 1,12 lt (ktc). Tnh khoi lng moi muoi trong hh X? 28

GV: Trng Th Tho Bai 3*: Cho 33,6g hh gom KHSO3 va K2CO3 vao 300g dd HCl 6,08%, sau khi p ket thuc thu c hh kh X co t khoi so vi kh hiro bang 24 va mot dd A. a.Hay chng minh rang axit con d. b. Tnh C% cac chat trong dd A. Bai 4*: Cho 33,6g hh gom KHSO3 va K2CO3 vao 300g dd HCl 6,08%, sau khi p ket thuc thu c hh kh X co t khoi so vi kh hiro bang 24 va mot dd A. a. Hay chng minh rang axit con d. b. Tnh C% cac chat trong dd A. Bi 4: Ha tan 3,84g hh X gm Mg v Al vo 400 ml dd HCl 1,5M. a. Chng t rng hh X tan ht? b. Nu p trn thu c 4,256 lt H2 (ktc) th mi kim loi trong X l bao nhiu? Bi 5: Cho 11g hh kim loi Fe v Al theo t l s mol 1:2 vo 1000ml dd AgNO3 0,8M. khuy u cho p xy ra hon ton. a. Tnh k.l cht rn sinh ra? b. Tnh nng mol ca dd thu c?

Chuyn 12: CC BI TON C S DNG KHI LNG MOL TRUNG BNH. * Phng php: * Bi tp p dng: Bi 1: Ha tan 2,84g hh 2 mui CaCO3 v MgCO3 bng dd HCl thy bay ra 672 lt kh CO2 ktc. Tnh tp% k.l mi cht trong hh ban u? Bi 2: Cho 20g hh A gm H2 v H2S chim 44,8 lt ktc. a. Tnh s mol hh A? b. Tnh k.l phn t TB ca hh A? c. Tnh % theo th tch ca A? Bi 3: ha tan 4,59g Al bng dd HNO3 ta thu c dd Al(NO3)3 v hh kh NO v N2O c t khi i vi H2 bng 16,75. a. tnh k.l Nhm nitrat to thnh? b. Tnh th tch cc kh thu c ktc? Bi 4: Ha tan hon ton 24,3g Al bng dd HNO3 ta thu c dd Al(NO3)3 v hh kh NO v N2O c t khi i vi H2 bng 20,25. Tnh th tch cc kh thu c ktc? Bi 5: Cho m gam hh x gm kim loi M c ha tr II v mui cacbonat ca n t/d vi HCl d th thu c hh kh Y c th tch bng 1,12 lt ktc v c t khi so vi oxi bng 0,325. dd sau p em c cn thu c 6,8g mui khan. a. Vit cc PTHH xy ra? b. Xc nh % mi kh trong hh Y? c. Xc nh kim loi M v m? Bi 6: hh A gm N2 v H2 c t khi so vi H2 bng 7,5. Cn phi thm bao nhiu lt kh N2 vo 44,8 lt hh A thu c hh mi c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 29/3. th tch cc kh o ktc? Bi 7: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Chuyn 8 : TOAN LIEN QUAN EN CHAT KH.

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GV: Trng Th Tho Bi 1: Ha tan hon ton 4 gam hh mt kim loi ha tr II v mt kim loi ha tr III th cn dng 170 ml dd HCl 2M. a. Th tch kh Hidro thot ra l bao nhiu? b. C cn dd sai p thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan? c. Nu kim loi ha tr III l nhm v s mol bng 5 ln s mol kim loi ha tr II th kim loi ha tr II l nguyn t no? Bi 2: Cho s bin ha sau: A1 +X A2 +Y A3 (1) (2) Fe(OH)3 (5) (6) Fe(OH)3 +Z B2 +T B3 (3) (4) Tm CTHH tng ng vi cc cht A1, A2; T v vit cc PTP. Bi 3: Phn bit 4 dd sau ng trong cc l mt nhn m khng dng thm bt c ha cht no khc: HCl; AgNO3; Na2CO3; CaCl2? Bi 4: Cho 10,6g Na2CO3 vo dd HCl 0,5M (va ) . Lng kh thot ra c dn qua bnh ng 1 lt dd Ca(OH)2 0,075M. a. Tnh th tch HCl cn dng? b. Tnh khi lng kt ta to thnh trong bnh ng dd Ca(OH)2? Bi 5: Ha tan 4,04g hh hai mui sunfat kim loi A v B c ha tr I v II tng ng vo nc, sau thm vo BaCl2 mt lng va thy xut hin kt ta trng c khi lng l 6,99g. a. Lc b kt ta, ly nc lc em c cn th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan v cn dng bao nhiu gam BaCl2? b. Xc nh tn ca 2 mui v thnh phn %v khi lng ca mi mui trong hh bit rng t l s mol mi mui l nA2SO4: nBSO4 = 2:1. B1

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