N B TNG 2

Nhp Nhp Nhp

L1
L2
L3
(m)
(m)
(m)
6

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

Chie
u
Cao
H1(m
)
3.8

SO LIEU THIET KE
Chie Chie Chie B
u
u
u
c
Cao
Cao
Cao Khun
H2(m H3(m H4(m
g
)
)
)
B(m)
3.3
3.3
3.3
8

Hoat
tai pc
(kG/m
2
)

Vun
g
gio

150

IIA

I . LA CHN GII PHP KT CU

1. Chn vt liu s dng
S dng btng cp bn B25 c Rb = 145 kG/cm2 , Rbt =10.5 kG/cm2
S dng thp :
Nu < 10 mm , dng thp AI c Rs = Rsc = 2250 kG/cm2
Nu 10 mm , dng thp AII c Rs = Rsc = 2800 kG/cm2
2. La chn gii php kt cu :

II . XC NH TI TRNG
1. Tnh ti tnh ton :
a) Sn tng trt, 1 , 2 , 3, 4 : ( cha k trng lng bn thn sn)
Vt liu
Chiu
G
TLTC
Dy (m)
(kg/m3)
(kg/m2)
Gch ceramic lt nn
0.01
1800
18
Va m # 50
0.02
2000
40
Va XM #50 trt trn
0.015
2000
30
Tng go
88

b) Sn tng Mi : ( cha k trng lng bn thn sn)

Vt liu
Gch l nem
Va lt XM # 50
Lp BT chng thm
Va XM#50 trt trn
Tng gom

Chiu
Dy (m)
0.02
0.03
0.05
0.015

G
(kg/m3)
1800
2000
2500
2000

TLTC
(kg/m2)
36
60
125
30
251

III .TNH TON S B CC CU KIN

1) Chn kch thc chiu dy sn :
S dng cng thc L B Hu:

k .l1
4
=
0.10m
37 + 8 37 + 8 1
2
l1 4 1
Trong l1=4m, = = =
l2 8 2
h=

Vy s b chn kch thc bn sn tng trt, 1, 2, 3, 4 v mi l 10cm

Tnh ti phn b ( tnh c trng lng bn thn bn BTCT ) trn sn tng l :
q0 = go + gbt + ps = 88 + 2500x0.1= 338 (kG/m2)

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

Tnh ti phn b tnh ton ( tnh c trng lng bn thn bn BTCT ) trn sn tng mi l :
qsmo = gom + gbt + pm= 251 + 2500x0.1 = 501 (kG/m2)
Tng ti trng phn b tnh ton ( tnh c trng lng bn thn bn BTCT ) trn sn tng l :
qs = go + gbt + ps = 88 + 2500x0.1+150 = 488 (kG/m2
Tng ti trng phn b tnh ton ( tnh c trng lng bn thn bn BTCT ) trn sn tng mi l :
qsm = gom + gbt + pm= 251 + 2500x0.1 + 150 = 651 (kG/m2
2) Kch thc tit din dm khung :
Theo cng thc kinh nghim :

h=

k .L
m

Vi : L l nhp dm
k l h s ti trng , chn k = 1
m l h s, chn m = 12
a) Dm 12, 34 ( nhp L1 )
Nhp dm L = L1 = 6 m
Chn k = 1 , m = 12
h=

k .L 1x6
= 0.5 ( m )
=
m
12

Chn hd = 0.5 ( m ), b rng dm bd = 0.3 ( m )

b) Dm 23 ( nhp L2 )
Nhp dm L = L2 = 8 m
Chn k = 1 , m = 12
h=

k .L 1x8
= 0.66 ( m )
=
m
12

Chn hd = 0.65 ( m ), b rng dm bd = 0.3 ( m )

c) Dm ph : h=0.5m, b=0.3m
Chn hd = 0.35 ( m ), b rng dm bd = 0.2 ( m )
3 ) Kch thc tit din ct :
Din tch tit din ct c xc nh theo cng thc :

A=

kxN
Rb

a) Ct trc 1,4 :
Din truyn ti vo ct 1 :

S1 = 8 3 = 24(m 2 )
Lc dc do ti phn b u trn sn tng trt, 1, 2, 3, 4:
N1 = qs.S1 = 488 x 24 = 11712 ( kG )
Lc dc do ti phn b u trn sn mi
N2 = qsm.S1 = 651 x 24 =15624 ( kG )
Lc dc do trng lng bn thn dm dc :
Ndd = 2500x0.3x0.65x8 = 3900 ( kG )
Lc dc do tng xy:
1800x0.2x(3.2-0.65)x8 = 7344(kG)
Lc dc tng cng truyn vo ct trc 1 l :
N = 5x11712+15624+6x3900+5x7344= 134304 ( kG )

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 N B TNG 2
A=

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

k .N 134304
= 926(cm 2 )
=
Rb
145

Vy ta chn kch thc ct 30x30 cm c A = 900 cm2

b) Ct trc 2,3 :
Din truyn ti vo ct 2 :

S 2 = 8 7 = 56(m 2 )
Lc dc do ti phn b u trn sn tng:
N1 = qs.S2 = 488 x 56 = 27328 ( kG )
Lc dc do ti phn b u trn sn mi
N2 = qsm.S2 = 651 x 56 = 36456 ( kG )
Lc dc do trng lng bn thn dm dc :
Ndd = 2500x0.3x0.65x8 = 3900 ( kG )
Lc dc tng cng truyn vo ct trc 2 l :
N = 5x27328+36456+6x3900=196496( kG )
A=

k .N 196496
= 1355(cm 2 )
=
Rb
145

Vy ta chn kch thc ct 30x40cm c A = 1200 cm2

4 ) Mt bng b tr kt cu ( MB sn tng in hnh )

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 N B TNG 2

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

IV S TNH TON KHUNG PHNG

1 ) S hnh hc :

2 ) S kt cu :
a ) Nhp tnh ton ca dm :
Nhp tnh ton ca dm 12 :

l AB = 5.1

0.25
= 4.975 ( m )
2

Nhp tnh ton ca dm BC :

LBC = 6.1 ( m )
Nhp tnh ton ca dm CD :
LCD = 3.1 ( m )
b ) Chiu cao tnh ton ca ct :
Chiu cao ca ct ly bng khong cch gia cc trc dm .
Xc nh chiu cao ct tng 1 .
Chn chiu su chon mng 1.5m tnh t cos 0.000 n v tr mt trn ca tng
mng . hm = 1.5m
H 1 = H t + hm

hd
0.55
= 3.8 + 1.5
= 5.025m
2
2

Xc nh chiu cao tng 2 , 3 , 4 . h2 = h3 = h4 = 3.3 m

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

Ta c s kt cu c th hin nh hnh v :

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

V. XC NH TI TRNG TNH:
1. Ti trng cu thang:
- S b chn hb=hcn=15cm
- Trng lng chiu ngh: gcn=2500x1.2x1.2=3600(kG)
- Trng lng bn thang v bc thang v 1, 3:
Gbt=6x(1800x0.15x0.3x1.2)+2500x1.2x0.15x18/cos300=1518.5(kG)
- Trng lng bn thang v bc thang v 2:
Gbt=6x(1800x0.15x0.3x1.2)+2500x0.15x1.5/cos300=1363(kG)

- Trng lng cu thang b do hot ti: p=300(kg/m2) => gp=pxSct=300x(4x3-1.8x1.8)=2628(kg)

- Trng lng ton b cu thang l:
gct = 2x3600+2x1518.5+1363+2628=14179(kg)

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 N B TNG 2

2.

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

Xc nh ti trng tnh tng:

a)

Tnh ti phn b:

Do tng xy trn dm nhp 12, 34: 1800x0.1x(3.2-0.5)=486(kg)

Do tng xy trn dm nhp 23: 1800x0.1x(3.2-0.65)=459(kg)
Do S1 truyn vo dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: ght=4x338=1352(kg)
Do S2 truyn vo dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: ght=4x338=1352(kg)
Do S3 truyn vo vi dng tam gic vi tung ln nht l: gtg=1.5x338=507(kg)
Do S4 truyn vo vi dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: ght=2x338=676(kg)

b)
- G1 :

Tnh ti tp trung:

+ Do trng lng bn thn dm dc: 2500x0.65x0.3x8=3900(kg)

+ Do tng trn dm dc: 1800x0.2x(3.2-0.65)x8=7344(kg)
+ Do sn truyn vo: 4x338=1352(kg)
+ Do dm ph trn trc G, H truyn vo: nh hnh v vi gi tr l 3829kg
G1=3900+7344+1352+3829=16425(kg)

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

- G2:
+ Do trng lng bn thn dm dc: 2500x0.65x0.3x8=3900(kg)
+ Do trng lng bn thn tng xy trn dm dc: 1800x0.1x(3.2-0.65)x8=3672 (kg)
+ Do dm ph 2 bn trc G, H trn vo: 3829+6006=9835(kg)
+ Do sn truyn vo: 2x4x338=2704(kg)
=>G2=3900+3672+9835+2704=20111(kg)

G3:
+ Do trng lng bn thn dm dc v tng xy trn dm dc: 3900+3672=7572(kg)
+ Do sn v dm ph bn tri trc 3:1532+6006=7538(kg)
+ Do sn v dm ph bn phi trc 3:

Do dm ph bn di trc D: 3829/2=1914.5(kg)

Do dm ph pha trn trc D: R3/2=4591/2=2295.5(kg)

Do sn: (4x338+2.5x507/2)/2=993(kg)
=>G3=7572+7538+1914.5+2295.5+993=20313(kg)

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

- G4:
+ Do sn truyn vo : 2x338=676(kg)
+ Do dm ph truyn vo: R4/2+3829/2=(4116+3829)/2=3972.5(kg)
+ Do dm dc v tng trn dm dc gy ra:3900+7344=11244(kg)
=>G4=676+3972.5+11244=15892.5(kg)
- G5= rd + gct/4=983.75+14179/4=4528.5(kg)
3. Xc nh ti trng tnh tng mi:
a) Ti trng phn mi trn cng:
Ti trng do trng lng bn thn sn: qomxSm=501x8x6=24048(kg)
Ti trng do dm ngang v dm dc: 2x2500x0.65x0.3x8+3x2500x0.5x0.3x6=14550(kg)
Ti trng tng ngang v tng dc: 2x1800x0.2x1x8+2x1800x0.2x1x6=10080
=>Ti trng mi trn cng l: 24048+14550+10080=48678(kg)
=> Ti trng tc dng ct l: gmtr =48678/4=12169.5(kg)

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

b) Ti trng phn mi bn di:

a.1 Tnh ti phn b:

Do S1 truyn vo dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: ght=4x501=2004(kg/m)
Do S2 truyn vo dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: ght=4x501=2004(kg/m)
Do S3 truyn vo vi dng tam gic vi tung ln nht l: gtg=1.5x338=507(kg/m)
Do S4 truyn vo vi dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: ght=2x501=1002(kg/m)
a.2 Tnh ti tp trung:

- G1 :
+ Do trng lng bn thn dm dc: 2500x0.65x0.3x8=3900(kg)
+ Do tng trn dm dc: 1800x0.2x1x8=2880(kg)
+ Do sn truyn vo: 4x501=2004(kg)
+ Do dm ph trn trc G, H truyn vo: nh hnh v vi gi tr l 5133kg
G1=3900+2880+2004+5133=13917(kg)

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

- G2:
+ Do trng lng bn thn dm dc: 2500x0.65x0.3x8=3900(kg)
+ Do dm ph 2 bn trc G, H truyn vo: 5133+7962=13095(kg)
+ Do sn truyn vo: 2x4x501=4008(kg)
=>G2=3900+13095+4008=21003(kg)

G3:
+ Do trng lng bn thn dm dc :3900 (kg)
+ Do sn v dm ph bn tri trc 3:2004+7962=9966 (kg)
+ Do sn v dm ph bn phi trc 3:

Do dm ph bn di trc D: 5133/2=2566.5(kg)

Do dm ph pha trn trc D: R3/2=4591/2=2295.5(kg)

Do sn: (4x501+2.5x507/2)/2=1319(kg)

Do mi trn gy ra: gmtr=12169.5(kg)

=>G3=3900+9966+2566.5+2295.5+1319+12169.5=32216.5(kg)

- G4:
+ Do sn truyn vo : 2x501=1002(kg)
+ Do dm ph truyn vo: R4/2+5133/2=(4116+5133)/2=4624.5(kg)
+ Do dm dc v tng trn dm dc gy ra:3900+7344=11244(kg)
+ Do mi trn gy ra: gmtr=12169.5(kg)
=>G4=1002+4624.5+11244+12169.5=29040(kg)
- G5= rd + gct/4=983.75+14179/4=4528.5(kg)

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

Lp s tc dng ca tnh ti:

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

VI. XC NH HOT TI TC DNG VO KHUNG TRC D:

1. Hot ti 1: hot ti cht y

a. Hot ti phn b:
-

Dm nhp 12: dng hnh thang vi ght=4x150=600(kg/m)

Dm nhp 23: dng hnh thang vi ght=600(kg/m)

Dm nhp 34: dng hnh thang vi ght=2x150=300(kg/m)

dng tam gic vi gtg=1.5x150=225(kg/m)

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

b. Hot ti tp trung:
- PD1:
+ Do sn truyn vo:4x150=600(kg)
+ Do dm ph truyn vo: c gi tr l 1200(kg)

=>PD1 = 1200+600=1800(kg)
- PD2:
+ Do sn truyn vo: 4x2x150=1200(kg)
+ Do dm ph bn tri trc 2 truyn vo: 1200(kg)
+ Do dm ph bn phi trc 2 truyn vo:1800(kg)

=>PD2 = 1200+1800+1200 = 4200(kg)

- PD3: + Do sn truyn vo: 3x1200/4+1.5x2.5x150=1462.5(kg)
+ Do dm ph bn tri trc 3: 1800(kg)
+ Do dm ph bn phi trc 3: 600+1057/2=1128.5(kg)

=>PD3 =1462.5+1800+1128.5=4391(kg)

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 N B TNG 2

GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

- PD4: + Do sn truyn vo: 300(kg)

+ Do dm ph truyn vo 846/2+600=1023(kg)
=>PD4 = 300+1023=1323(kg)
- Pd=281.25(kg)

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

2. Hot ti 2:

3. Hot ti 3:

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4. Hot ti 4:

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

a. Hot ti tng trt, 2, 4:

- Ti phn b: dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: 4x150=600(kg/m)

- Ti tp trung: + Do sn truyn vo: 150x4=600(kg)
+ Do dm ph truyn vo: 1800(kg) => PD3=PD4=600+1800=2400(kg)

b. Hot ti tng 1, 3, mi:

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

Hot ti phn b:
+ Dm 12: dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: 600(kg/m)
+ Dm 34: dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l: 300(kg/m)
dng tam gic vi tung ln nht l: 1.5x150=225(kg/m)

Ti tp trung:

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

+ PD1=PD=1800(kg)
+ PD3:

Do sn truyn vo: 1.5x2.5x150+4x150/2=862.5(kg)

Do dm ph truyn vo:
Dm ph trc G:

Dm ph trc H:

=>PD3 = 862.5+(1057+1200)/2=1991(kg)
+ PD4:

Do sn truyn vo: 300(kg)

Do dm ph truyn vo: (846+1200)/2=1023(kg)

=>PD4 = 300+1023=1323(kg)
+ Pd = 281.25(kg)

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 N B TNG 2

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5. Hot ti 5:

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6. Hot ti 6:

a. Tng 1, 3, mi:

Ti phn b: dng hnh thagn vi tung ln nht l: 600(kg)

Ti tp trung:
+ PD1=1800(kg)
+ PD2=4200(kg)
+ PD3=2400(kg)

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

b. Tng trt, 2, 4:

Ti phn b:
+ Dm nhp 23: dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l:600(kg/m)
+ Dm nhp 34: dng hnh thang vi tung ln nht l:300(kg/m)
Dng hnh tam gic vi tung ln nht l: 225(kg/m)

Ti tp trung:
+ PD2=2400(kg)
+ PD3=4391(kg)
+ PD4=1323(kg)
+ Pd=281.25(kg)

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

7 Hot ti 7:

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VII. XC NH TI TRNG GI:

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

Cng trnh xy dng thuc vng gi II-A, c p lc gi n v 95-12=83(kg/m2), a hnh dng A.

Cng trnh di 40m nn ta ch xt n ti trng tnh ca gi. Ti trng gi truyn ln khung s c
tnh theo cng thc:
Gi y: q=W0.n.ki.C.B
Gi ht: qh=W0.n.ki.Ch.B
Trong :
n-h s vt ti ly n=1.2
ki-h s tnh n s thay i ca p lc gi theo chiu cao tm c bng cch ni suy, n
gin cho tnh ton v thin v an ton y ta chn h s k 2 tng lin tip l nh nhau.
C-h s kh ng, C=0.8, Ch=0.6
B- bc khung B=8m

Tng
MTN
Trt
1
2
3
4
Mi

Cao
Z(m )
0.0
1.5
4.9
8.1
11.3
14.5
17.7

H s k
1.067
1.138
1.196
1.234
1.267

KT QU TI TRNG GI
H s vt ti n Bc khung B
m
1.2
8
1.2
8
1.2
8
1.2
8
1.2
8
1.2
8
1.2
8

Gi y q
kG/m
680
680
680
762
762
808
808

Gi ht qh
kG/m
510
510
510
590
590
606
606

- Trn mi c tng cao 1m, v tng mi trn cao 3.2 m nn ta quy ti trng gi ny thnh lc tp
trung t nh nt khung:
+ Gi y:

Tng cao 1m: k=1.277=>P1=83x1.277x8x1.2x0.8x1=814(kG)

Tng mi trn cao 3.2m: k=1.297=> P2=83x1.297x8x1.2x0.8x3.2=2646(kG)
=>P=814+2646=3460(kG)
+ Gi ht:

Tng cao 1m: k=1.277=>P1=83x1.277x8x1.2x0.6x1=611(kG)

Tng mi trn cao 3.2m: k=1.297=> P2=83x1.297x8x1.2x0.6x3.2=1984(kG)
=>Ph=611+1984=2595(kG)

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 N B TNG 2

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GVHD: TS. CHUNG BC I

VIII. XC NH NI LC:

1. Cch xc nh ni lc do tng loi ti trng:

Khung l kt cu siu tnh, phng php xc nh ni lc thng thng hin nay l cc
chng trnh tnh, trn c s vt liu n hi tuyn tnh.
Cch xc nh ni lc bng cch s dng cc chng trnh tnh bao gm cc bc:
+ Phn chia h kt cu thnh cc phn t, cc phn t c ni vi nhau bng cc nt.
+ M t cc c trng hnh hc, c hc, vt liu ca cc phn t.
+ t ti trng ln khung theo tng s .
+ Tnh ton ni lc cho cc trng hp trn.
+ V cc s : hnh hc, s phn t, s ti trng, in cc s liu u vo, u ra, v cc
biu ni lc.
+ Kt tra kt qu u vo, kt qu cui cng.
2. T hp ni lc:
Mc ch ca t hp ni lc l tm ni lc nguy him trn mt s tit din di tc dng ca
nhiu loi ti trng.
C 2 loi t hp: t hp c bn v t hp c bit, y ch xt t hp c bn.
T hp c bn c chia thnh :
+ T hp c bn loi 1 bao gm: ni lc do tnh ti cng vi ni lc do mt loi hot ti
+ T hp c bn loi 2 bao gm: ni lc do tnh ti cng vi ni lc do cc hot ti gy ra,
trong ni lc do hot ti c nhn vi h s t hp, ly bng 0.9.
C th i vi khung ny cn t hp vi cc trng hp sau:

TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21

PHM VN PHC

CC TRNG HP T HP
Trng hp
Cng thc
TH1
1.1xTT+1.2xHT1
TH2
1.1xTT+1.2xHT2
TH3
1.1xTT+1.2xHT3
TH4
1.1xTT+1.2xHT4
TH5
1.1xTT+1.2xHT5
TH6
1.1xTT+1.2xHT6
TH7
1.1xTT+1.2xHT7
TH8
1.1xTT+GT
TH9
1.1xTT+GP
TH10
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT1+GT)
TH11
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT2+GT)
TH12
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT3+GT)
TH13
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT4+GT)
TH14
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT5+GT)
TH15
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT6+GT)
TH16
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT7+GT)
TH17
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT1+GP)
TH18
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT2+GP)
TH19
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT3+GP)
TH20
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT4+GP)
TH21
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT5+GP)

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22
23
24

TH22
TH23
BAO

1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT6+GP)
1.1xTT+0.9(1.2xHT7+GP)
TH1+TH2++TH23

I. KT QU NI LC KHUNG TRC B KHI M HNH L KHUNG PHNG

S dng chng trnh tnh ton kt cu Sap tnh ton ni lc cho khung vi s phn t
dm , ct nh hnh di y.

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S K HIU PHN T KHUNG

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BIU BAO MOMENT (T.m)

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BIU BAO LC CT

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BIU BAO LC DC (T)

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IX. TNH TON V CU TO CT THP DM KHUNG

A. TNH TON CT THP DC
1. Phng php tnh ton
a. Cc trng hp tnh ton
Ty theo momen l dng hay m m ly tit din tnh ton khc nhau .
Tit din ch T c cnh pha trn , vi momen m cnh nm trong vng
ko do b qua phn vn ca cnh , ch tnh theo tit din ch nht
bxh ; vi momen dng cnh nm trong vng nn , tnh theo tit din ch
T c b rng cnh bf .
Khi momen c tnh theo s n hi cn tra h s hn ch chiu cao
vng nn R cn khi tnh theo s do tra h s D
b. Phng php tnh ton ct thp tit din ch nht t ct n
S liu
Bit M,b,h , chng loi vt liu . Gi thit ao xc nh ho . Thng thng
gi thit ao = ( 0,06 0,12) h . Tra bng tm Rb , Rs v h s R hoc h
s D
Tnh ton

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M
R bbho2
x
t =
vi x l chiu cao vng chu nn .
ho
T m c th tra bng ra hoc tnh theo cng thc :
m =

= 1 1 2m
Kim tra h s

Vi momen tnh theo s n hi : R

Vi momen tnh theo s do : D
Gi tr b nht ca R ; D bng 0,3 ng vi m = 0,255 . V vy , khi tnh
c m < 0,255th khng cn kim tra .

Khi iu kin v c tha mn , tnh = 1 0,5 , l h s cnh tay

n ni lc . Cng c th t m tnh theo cng thc :

= 0,5 1+ 1 2m

Tnh din tch ct thp As theo cng thc :

As =

M
R s ho

c > D )chng t kch thc tit din qu b . Nu c

Khi > R (hoa
th nn tng kch thc hoc tng cp b tng ( nhm tng Rb) tnh ton
li . Khi khng th tng nh va nu th chuyn sang tnh ton tit din t
ct thp kp.
2. Ni lc tnh ton
T kt qu t hp ni lc c c , ln lt chn ra cc gi tr ni lc ln nht t bng
kt qu t hp (i vi dm th chn ra t t hp Bao , v t hp ny cho ra ni lc ln
nht v cng cho ra kt qu tnh ton ct thp ln nht , nn khng cn tnh ton vi cc
t hp cn li) . T c cc gi tr tng ng sau .
- u dm : Mmin , Qmax

- Gia dm : Mmax
- Cui dm : Mmin , Qmax

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B. TNH TON CT AI CHO DM:

Tnh ton ct thp ai chu lc ct l tnh ton theo kh nng chu lc trn tit din nghing.
Tiu chun thit k TCXDVN 356:2005 a ra cc quy nh tnh ton nh sau:
1. iu kin tnh ton
t Qb0 l kh nng chu lc ct ca tit din b tng khi khng c ct thp ai :

Qb0 =

b4 ( 1+ n ) Rbtho 2
C

Rbt cng tnh ton v ko ca b tng ;

b4 - h s , ph thuc loi b tng

n - h s xt n nh hng ca lc dc N
0,1N
Khi N l lc nn n =
ng thi n 0,5
Rbtbho
0,2N
Khi N l lc ko n =
ng thi n 0,8
Rbtbho
Vi cc dm sn thng khng k n N do : n = 0
C l hnh chiu ca tit din nghing ln phng trc dm .
Gi tr Qb0 c hn ch trong phm vi sau :

Qb3 Q b0 2,5R btbho

Qb3 = b3 ( 1+ n) R btbho

b3 - l h s tra bng .
Tiu chun quy nh , khi tha mn iu kin Q Qb0 th khng cn tnh ton ct
thp ai , chn t ct thp ai theo cu to .
Q lc ct c xc nh t cc ngoi lc t mt pha ca tit din nghing ang xt
.
2. iu kin v ng sut nn chnh
l iu kin b tng chu nn theo phng tit din nghing

QA Qbt = 0,3w1b1R bbh

w1 = 1+ 5 s w

ng thi ly w1 khng ln hn 1,3 .

s =

Es
A
; w = sw ; b1 = 1 R b
Eb
bs

Es,Eb moun n hi ca ct thp v ca b tng

Asw din tch tit din ngang ca mt lp ct thp ai ;
s khong cch gia cc lp ct ai;

- h s tra bng .

QA lc ct ln nht ( trn tit din thng gc ) trong on dm ang xt

3. Thit k ct ai cho dm tng in hnh

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Da vo tiu chun TCXDVN 356:2005 bi ton tnh ct ai s c tnh ton ty theo

2 trng hp : dm chu ti trng phn b u v dm chu ti trng tp trung .
C th vi cng trnh ny , dm ch chu ti trng phn b u nn sinh vin ch i xem
xt bi ton vi trng hp .
Trong cc dm ca tng tng s c gi tr Qmax khc nhau chnh v th ct ai ca
mi dm s khc nhau , tuy nhin cho n gin v thin v an ton v ng lot ,
sinh vin ch i phn tch v tnh ton ct ai cho mt dm tng in hnh c Q max ln
nht , sau ly kt qu ny b tr chung cho ton khung .
Nh vy, dm c lc ct Qmax ln nht l dm tng trt c Qmax =14.1(T) .
a. S liu tnh ton

Tit din dm

b = 300(mm) ; h = 650(mm) ; ho = 610(mm) .

Vt liu b tng B25 v ct thp nhm CI

Rb = 14,5(MPa) ; Rbt = 1,05(MPa);

Cc h s b 2 = 2; b 3 = 0.6; b 4 = 1.5; n = 0
b. iu kin tnh ton
Tnh heo phng php tnh ton thc hnh

Q0 = 0.5 b 4 (1 + n ) Rbt bh0 = 0.5 1.5 1 1.05 300 610 = 144113( N ) = 144( T )
Qmax = 14.1 < Q0 = 14.4( T ) nn ct ai t theo cu to

c. Cu to ct thp ai

S dng ct ai 6, 2 nhnh

Trong on 1/4 dm:

Dm c h = 650(mm) > 450(mm) nn Sct=min(h/3,500)=(217,500)=>s=200mm

Trong on gia dm sct=min(3h/4, 500)=((487.5,500)=>s=300mm

A. TNH TON V CU TO CT THP CT

I.

TNH CT THP DC CHO CT

1.

Phng php tnh ton

a.

V biu tng tc khng th nguyn:

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Xt tit din t ct thp i xng As=As v tha mn iu kin Rs=Rs.

t n =

Vi

N
x
N e o
Rs As
a
a'

=
=
; m=
;
; =
; =
2
Rb bho
ho
Rb bho
Rb bho
ho ho

+ R th n =

+ R 1 + th n = +

2( R )
1+ R

+ m = (1 0.5 ) + (1 )( 0.5n )
lp biu , cho , R, mt gi tr chn sn, cho thay i s tnh ra cc gi tr n v m.
Mi cp m,n cho mt im ca biu .
Vi ct 30x30(cm), b tng B25 c Rn=14.5(MPa), thp CII c Rs=280(MPa) nn R=0.6 chn
a=4(cm),
=0.05

a(c
m)

h(c
m)

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

PHM VN PHC

0.1538
46
0.1538
46
0.1538
46
0.1538
46
0.1538
46
0.1538
46
0.1538
46
0.1538
46
0.1538
46

0.0
5
0.0
5
0.0
5
0.0
5
0.0
5
0.0
5
0.0
5
0.0
5
0.0
5

0.2

0.2

0.3

0.3

0.4

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.6

0.6
0.7180
56
0.8361
11
0.9541
67

0.7
0.8
0.9

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m
0.0423
08
0.1376
92
0.1703
85
0.1930
77
0.2057
69
0.2084
62
0.1935
15
0.1685
68
0.1336
22

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30

30

0.1538
46
0.1538
46

0.0
5
0.0
5

1
1.1538
46

1.0722
22
1.2538
46

0.0886
75
0

Tng t cho ln lt bng 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6 ta c biu tng tc nh hnh v:

BIU TNG TC CT 30x30

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BIU TNG TC CT 30x40

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b. Trnh t tnh ton da vo biu tng tc:

Chiu di tnh ton ca ct l0 = .l .
Vi
l - Chiu di thc t ca ct.
Khung nhiu tng c lin kt cng gia dm v ct, kt cu sn ton khi, c s
nhp bng 3 nn c = 0,7 .
Ni lc tnh ton.
Da vo kt qu ni lc t 11 t hp ti trng theo nguyn tc chn ra cc cp ni lc:
Nmax v Mt.
Mmax v Nt.
Mt v Nt.
Tit din ct b x h
Kim tra mnh.

lo
< [ ] .
b

Kim tra s nh hng ca un dc

lo
h

Nu b hn 8 C th b qua nh hng ca un dc cho cc ct ca khung.

Khi = 1 .
lch tm tnh hc e1 = M/N.
lch tm ngu nhin ea = max ( 2cm, h/30, L/600).
Kt cu siu tnh nn lch tm ban u e0 = max (e1,ea).
Gi s a = a'
Chiu cao lm vic ca tit din h0 = h - a

n=

N
N e o
; m=
t m, n da vo biu tng tc suy ra
Rb bho
Rb bho2

T c c ta tnh c thp nh bng

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TNH CT THP AI CHO CT

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Do lc ct trong ct tng i b nn ct ai ct thng c b tr theo cu to .

iu kin ng knh ct ai

25
max

= 6,25(mm)


4
4

> 6mm > 6mm

Chn = 8mm

b
30cm

15 1,6 = 24(cm)

15min

iu kin bc ai S < 30cm S < 30cm

Ht
340 = 56,67(cm)
6
6
Vy chn S = 20 cm.
Trong on ni ct dc th bc ai l S/3 - S/2. Chn 10cm.
Cc ai ct c b tr lin tc qua nt khung.

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