Giao Trinh Photoshop

Gio trnh Adobe Photoshop
Chng1: CC THAO TC C BN CA PHOTOSHOP
Trong chng 1 nhm cung cp cho cc bn Sinh vin nhng khi nim v tnh nng c bn trong chng trnh Adobe Photoshop, c th chng ta s tm hiu cc vn sau: Khi nim chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. c im chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. Gii thiu nh Bitmap. Khi nim phn t im nh. Khi nim phn gii tp tin. Khi nim phn gii mn hnh. Cu hnh phn cng cho chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. Phng php ci t chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. Cch khi ng chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. Gii thiu giao din chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. Cc thao tc trn tp tin trong Adobe Photoshop. Thot khi chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. Cc thao tc trn ca s giao din Adobe Photoshop. Cc thao tc c bn trong vng chn. Cc thao tc bin i vng chn. Cc thao tc bin i vng nh c chn.
Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
I. GII THIU ADOBE PHOTOSHOP I.1. Khi Nim Adobe Photoshop CS3 l chng trnh ha ng dng chuyn nghip dng x l nh Bitmap. y l phin bn c pht trin t phin bn Adobe Photoshop CS2. Chng trnh Adobe Photoshop c th chy trn cc h iu hnh Win 2k trn c hai h my PC v Macintosh. I.2. c im Ca Chng Trnh Adobe Photoshop Adobe Photoshop l mt trong nhng chng trnh ng dng rt c sc vi nhiu tnh nng c o. Bng k thut lp ghp v chnh sa hnh nh, chng ta c th to ra nhng sn phm ng dng rt hp dn v phong ph. Nhng ng dng tiu biu ca Adobe Photoshop l: Lp ghp hnh nh. To nh ngh thut. Thit k mu (Poster, Prochure, Catologue). H tr thit k web. Phc hi hnh nh c. To ch ngh thut. Hiu chnh nh mu. Chuyn i nh en trng sang mu. I.3. Khi Nim nh Bitmap nh Bitmap l tp hp cc im nh to nn mt hnh nh c th quan st c. S im nh cng nhiu th hnh nh cng r nt. Cc hnh nh Bitmap c tnh ph thuc vo phn gii. Ngha l phn gii cng cao th hnh nh cng sc nt. Mi hnh nh Bitmap xc nh s cha s lng im nh xc nh. I.4. Khi Nim Phn T im nh Pixel im nh hay phn t im nh cn gi l Pixel (Picture Element). Mi Pixel c mt ta v mu sc xc nh trn nh. Thng thng Pixel c dng hnh vung v ngi ta khng quan tm n kch thc ca Pixel l bao nhiu. 2 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
I.5. Phn Gii Mn Hnh phn gii ca mn hnh l s lng Pixel c trong mt n v tnh ca mn hnh. Thng c tnh bng dots per inch (dpi). phn gii mn hnh ph thuc vo kch thc mn hnh v s lng Pixel c trn mn hnh. phn gii mn hnh tiu biu trn my PC thng l 72 dpi. I.6. Phn Gii Tp Tin phn gii tp tin l s lng Pixel trong mt n v o dng hin th tp tin. Thng tnh bng ppi - Pixel per inch. Khi so sch phn gii ca hai tp tin nh bng cch m s lng pixel c trong cng mt n v o ca hai hnh nh. Nu tp tin no c s lng Pixel nhiu hn th tp tin c phn gii cao hn hay hnh nh r nt hn. I.7. Yu Cu Phn Cng Hu ht cc my tnh ngy nay u c th ci t v chy c chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. I.8. Phng Php Ci t Chng Trnh ci t chng trnh Adobe Photoshop chng ta c th thc hin theo cc bc sau: Bc 1: Chy File Setup.exe t Source cha chng trnh ci t Photoshop: Start -> Run -> Chn Browse -> Ch ra ng dn (V d): D:\ setup.exe. Hay t a CD cha Source chng trnh ci t Photoshop CS3 vo trong a CD- Rom (Thng a ny c chc nng Autorun). Bc 2: Hp thai Setup xut hin chn Next, chn ngn ng mc nh, chn Next, Chn Accept, Chn kiu ci t Typical, Compact, Custum (Thng chn Typical). Ch li ng dn ci t chng trnh. Chn Next. Bc 3: Thit lp cc thng tin c nhn v Kho ci dt chng trnh Serial Number: Ly t CD ci t ca a chng trnh. Chn Next. Bc 4: Ch h thng t ci t v chn Finish kt thc. Bc 5: Crack kha chng trnh bng cch chp ton b ni dung c trong th mc Crack ca a ci t vo trong Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 3
th mc ci t Adobe Photoshop trc khi thc hin chy Adobe Photoshop ln u tin. II. KHI NG CHNG TRNH ADOBE PHOTOSHOP khi ng Photoshop chng ta chn mt trong cc cch sau: Chn Start, chn Program, chn Adobe Photoshop. Nu to Shortcut cho chng trnh Adobe Photoshop trn mn hnh nn Desktop th nhp p chut tri vo Shortcut. Chn Start, chn Run, nhp tn tp tin Photoshop, chn Ok. III. GIAO DIN CA S ADOBE PHOTOSHOP III.1. Gii Thiu Ca S Giao Din CS3
Title bar
Menu bar
Option bar
Tool
Status
III.2. Cc Thnh Phn Trn Ca S Giao Din Thanh Tiu : Cha tiu chng trnh ng dng Adobe Photoshop. Cha Ba Button chc nng: Close Button: ng chng trnh ng dng. Restore Button: Phng to/ Thu nh ca s chng trnh. 4 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Palettes
Vn v
Minimizes Button: Tm thi n ca s chng trnh ng dng ln thanh tc v. Thanh Menu: Gm c 9 Menu chc nng: Menu File: Cha cc chc nng lin quan n thao tc trn tp tin: M mi tp tin, M tp tin c sn, Lu tp tin, In n Menu Edit: Cha cc chc nng lin quan n vic hiu chnh tp tin trong qu trnh thao tc nh: Tr v thao tc lin trc, thao tc lin sau. Sao chp, di chuyn ni dung vo vng nh tm, dn ni dung t vng nh tm vo vng nh Menu Image: Cha cc lnh v bin tp hnh nh: Ch mu, Quay hnh nh Menu Layer: Cha cc chc nng x l lp. Menu Select: Cha cc chc nng lin quan n thao tc chn v thi chn hnh nh, bin i vng chn. Menu Filter: Cha cc chc nng to hiu ng trn nh. Menu View: Cha cc chc nng xc lp ch hin th hnh nh. Menu Window: Cha cc chc nng hin th hay n cc Palette ca chng trnh. Menu Help: Cha cc thng tin tr gip s dng chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. Palettets Chc nng: Photoshop th hin chc nng thng qua giao tip trn Palette. Mi bng Palette s cha cc chc nng ring ca palette , n ging nh l mt hp thoi. Gm c cc Palette sau: Palette Navigator: Gip trt hnh nh v iu chnh t l hin th ca hnh nh. Palette Info: Cho bit thng tin mu ti v tr con tr cng nh cc thng tin khc ty thuc vo cng c c chn. Palette Layer: Qun l lp ca i tng. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 5
Palette Style: Cha cc mu Style ca lp. Palette Chanel: Gip qun l Knh mu Palette Action: Gip to v qun l cc thao tc t ng. Palette Color/ Swatches: Dng chn mu. Palette Path: Qun l ng bin. Palette History: Lu cc nh chp nhanh v cc trng thi hiu chnh nh. Thanh ty chn: Cha ng cc ty chn chc nng ca cng c c chn trong hp cng c. Thanh Trng Thi: Hin th mt s thng tin lin quan n vic thao tc v to i tng trn vn v. Vn V: Vn v l mt ca s lm vic c gii hn bi kch thc chiu di v chiu rng ca hnh nh. L ni to v hiu chnh hnh nh. Vn v c th c thay i mu nn thng qua chc nng Background. Bn cht vn v cng ging nh mt ca s ti liu. Trn vn v cng c ba Button chc nng ging nh thanh tiu v cng c tiu ca ti liu ang m. IV. CC THAO TC TRN TP TIN IV.1. M Mi Tp Tin m mi mt tp tin, ta thc hin nh sau: Bc 1: Chn Menu File, Chn New. Hoc nhn t hp phm tt l Ctrl + N. Bc 2: Hp thoi New xut hin. Xc lp cc thng s sau: Name: Thit lp tn tp tin hnh nh. Width: Thit lp chiu rng hnh nh, n v l Pixel/ Inches/ cm. Height: Thit lp chiu cao hnh nh, n v l Pixel/ Inches/ cm. 6 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Resolution: phn gii hnh nh, n v l Pixel/ Inches hay Pixel/ cm. Mode: Chn ch mu. Contents: Chn nn cho Canvas: White: Mu nn l mu trng. Background: Mu nn l mu ca Background. Transparent: Canvas c nn trong sut. Bc 3: Chn Ok.
IV.2. M Mi Tp Tin C Thuc Tnh Bit Trc m mi mt tp tin c cng kch thc v phn gii vi tp tin kt thc, ta thc hin nh sau: Chn tp tin kt thc. Chn Menu File, chn new. Hp thoi xut hin. Mc preset, chn file kt thc, chn Ok. IV.3. M Tp Tin C Sn m mt tp tin c sn ta thc hin nh sau: Chn Menu File, Chn Open. Hay nhn phm tt l Ctrl + O. Hp thoi Open xut hin, Xc lp cc thng s sau: Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 7
Look in: Ch ra ng dn cha tp tin cn m. File name: G vo tn tp tin hay nhp chut chn tp tin cn m ti vng nhn thy. File of type: Kiu file, thng chn mc nh theo kiu nh dng ca chng trnh Adobe Photoshop. Ra lnh m tp tin bng chc nng Open.
IV.4. Lu Tp Tin Ln u lu mt tp tin, ta thc hin nh sau: Chn Menu File, chn Save hoc Save as, Phm tt l Shift + Ctrl + S, hay Ctrl + S. Hp thai xut hin, xc lp cc thuc tnh sau: Save in: Ch ra ng dn lu tp tin File name: G vo tn tp tin cn lu. Format: Chn kiu nh dng file mun lu. Save option: Xc lp cc tu chn:
As a copy: Nu nh du check vo chc nng ny th s lu thnh mt tp tin bn sao trong khi vn m ca s ti liu hin hnh. Alpha Chanels: Nu nh du check vo chc nng ny th s lu knh mu Alpha km theo ti liu. Ngc li s xo tt c cc knh mu Alpha.
Layers: Nu nh du check vo chc nng ny th s gi nguyn cc lp. Ngc li s trn tt c cc lp li thnh mt lp duy nht. Anotation: Nu nh du check vo chc nng ny th s cho php lu km ch thch. Spot color: Nu nh du check vo chc nng ny th s lu thng tin mu vt. Ngc li th loi b. Use Proof setup, ICC Profile: Nu bt du check s lu ti liu qun l mu. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 9
Thumbnail: Nu nh du check vo chc nng ny th s lu km nh thu nh cho ti liu. Mc ny c tc dng khi chc nng Preview Image trong hp thoi Preferences l Ask When Saving. Use Lower Case Extensions: Nu bt du check vo chc nng ny th phn tn m rng s lun lun l k t thng. Chn Save lu tp tin. IV.5. Lu Tp Tin Vi Ni Dung C lu tip theo ni dung mt tp tin ang son tho, ta thc hin nh sau: Chn File chn Save, Phm tt Ctrl + S. IV.6. Lu Tp Tin D Phng lu mt tp tin lu thnh mt tp tin d phng mi, ta thc hin nh sau: Chn File chn Save as, Phm tt l Shift + Ctrl + S. Bc tip theo thc hin ging vi bc lu ln u. IV.7. Lu Tp Tin Theo nh Dng Web lu ni dung mt tp tin ang son tho theo dng thc File nh Web, ta thc hin nh sau: Chn File chn Save for Web hay nhn t hp phm tt l Alt + Shift + Ctrl + S. Chn kiu nh dng: *.gif; *.jpg. Ch ra ni lu. Chn Ok lu file. Cch lu ny cho php chuyn sang dng tp tin hnh nh c th hin th c trn chng trnh duyt Web. u im l c c kch thc file nh. IV.8. Duyt File C th ni y l tnh nng u vit ca photoshop, n gip cho chng ta c th va quan st c ton b ni dung th mc cha hnh nh cn m ng thi cn gip cho chng ta m tp tin c. thc hin duyt file trong Photoshop, thc hin nh sau: 10 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Chn Menu File, chn Browse Hoc nhn t hp phm tt l Ctrl + Shift + O. Hp thai xut hin, xem hnh:
M th mc cha tp tin ti vng cy th mc Folder. Nu mun m tp tin no ch cn nhp p chut tri ln hnh nh tp tin nhn thy. V. THOT KHI CHNG TRNH PHOTOSHOP thot khi Adobe Photoshop, ta chn mt trong cc cch sau: Cch 1: Nhp chn Button Close trn thanh tiu . Cch 2: Chn menu File, chn Exit, Phm tt l Ctrl + Q. Cch 3: S dng t hp phm Alt + F4. VI. CC THAO TC TRN CA S GIAO DIN VI.1. Hp Cng C Hp cng c ca Photoshop cha ng y cc chc nng cho php to, hiu chnh v bin i hnh nh. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 11
Gii thiu hp cng c CS3. Xem hnh theo sau:

Nhm Cng c chn Rectangle Nhm Cng c chn Lasso Cun gp hnh nh li Nhm Healing Brush Nhm Clone Stamp Mhm ty xo Cng c Blur Nhm Cng c chn Path Nhm Cng c to Path Ch thch Cng c Hand Mu Foreground Chuyn Fore/Bac v mc nh Edit in Standard mode Chc nng Standard Screen Chuyn i sang Imageready Cng c Move. Cng c chn Magic Wand. Nhm dao ct Slice Nhm C v Pencil Nhm c History Brush Nhm Cng c t mu. Nhm cng c Dodge Nhm Cng c to vn bn Nhm Cng c v hnh Nhm cng c Eyedroper Cng c Zoom Hon chuyn mu Mu Background Edit in Quick mask mode Cc ch hin th
Ghi Ch: i vi cc cng c c tam gic mu en ti gc di bn phi, th bn trong n cn cha nhng cng c khc na. chn cc cng c bn trong ny ta nhn chut tri ln nhm cng c ng thi drag chut s thy c cc cng c bn trong, hoc nhp chut phi ln chc nng ny s thy c hp thoi cha cc chc nng bn trong. chn cc cng c ta c th nhn phm tt. a s cc phm tt l k t u th hin tn ca cng c. V d T l phm tt cng c Type Tool. Tuy nhin nu nh k t l tn ca mt cng c c ri th n s ly k t khc trong tn cng c lm phm tt. Nu trong mt cng c c cha cc cng c cng h, s dng phm tt chng ta nhn hp phm Shift + k t phm tt, cc chc nng s c chn xoay vng. 12 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
VI.2. Hin n Cc Thnh Phn Trn Ca S Giao Din Chn Menu Window, chn cc thnh phn cn m hoc tt nh: Tool Box; Option Bar; Status Bar; Layer Palettes; Color Palettes; Navigator Palettes; Layer Palettes; Swatches Palettes. Chn Menu View, chn cc thnh phn cn m hoc tt nh: Ruler; Grid; GuideLine. Mt S Phm tt: Nhn phm Tab: Cho php hin hoc n Toolbox, Status Bar, Cc Palette v Rulers. Nhn phm Shift + Tab: Cho php hin/ n cc Palette. Hin th mc nh ca s lm vic: tr v ch mc nh ca giao din Adobe Photoshop ta thc hin nh sau: Chn Menu Window, Chn WorkSpace, chn Reset Palette Location. Lu li ca s lm vic hin hnh: Trong qu trnh thc hin thit k v bin tp hnh nh chng ta cn tt hoc hin nhng Palette cn thit cho vic bin tp hnh nh, lc ny chng ta mun lu li khng gian lm vic hin hnh ch cn thc hin nh sau: Chn Menu Window, chn WorkSpace, chn Save WorkSpace. VI.3. Thao Tc Trn Mu Background v Foreground Mu Foreground hay mu Background cn c gi l mu tin cnh v mu hu cnh. Thng thng mu Foreground c dng lm mu t, v hay bin tp hnh nh ca cc cng c, cn mu Background th thng c dng gn mu nn cho lp Background hoc c dng kt hp trong mt s hiu ng bin i. Tuy nhin gia hai mu ny chng hon ton c th hon i c dng. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 13
Thit lp Mu Foreground v Backdground bng Swatches: Kch hot Swatches trn Palette cng nhm Color, Swatches v Styles Palettes. Chn mu cho Foreground: Click chut ti mt mu mu. Chn mu cho Background: Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + Click chut ti mt mu mu. Thit lp Mu foreground/ Backdground bng Color Picker: Mun chn mu cho Foreground hoc Background, nhp chut ln chc nng Foreground hoc Background hp cng c. Hp hai xut hin, chn mu mu ti vng nhn thy hoc chn m hnh mu ri nhp gi tr mu, chn Ok.
Thit lp Mu foreground/ Backdground bng Palettes Color: Kch hat Menu Color trn Palette cng nhm Color, Swatches v Styles. Chn M hnh mu: Chn t Menu palette Color gc trn bn phi Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
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Khai bo cc gi tr mu c bn cho m hnh mu ti cc thanh gi tr hoc chn bt k mt mu mu ti thanh mu. Chn mu cho Foreground hoc Background Click chut chn chc nng tng ng l Set Foreground Color hay Set Background Color bn tri hp thoi (Vng khoanh trn). Thit lp mc nh mu cho Forground v Background: Chn chc nng Default Foreground and background Color Hoc nhn phm tt l D. Hon chuyn mu cho Foreground v Background: Chn chc nng Switch Foreground and Background Color Nhp phm tt l X. VI.4. Cc Thao Tc Bin i Hnh nh S dng cng c Zoom Tool phng to hnh nh Nhp chut chn cng c Zoom trn hp cng c. Nhp chut tri ln hnh nh. S dng cng c Zoom Tool thu nh hnh nh Nhp chut chn cng c Zoom trn hp cng c. Nhn gi phm Alt + Nhp chut tri ln hnh nh. Lu : Khi chn cng c Zoom trn thanh Option s hin th chc nng Zoom in v zoom out chng ta cn chn ng kiu khi thc hin phng to hoc thu nh. S dng cng c Zoom Tool to vng chn thu phng nh Nhp chut chn cng c Zoom trn hp cng c. Nhn gi chut tri ng thi drag chut to thnh mt khung hnh ch nht bao quanh i tng. Kt hp Phm chc nng to vng chn thu phng Nhn gi hai phm Ctrl + Space bar kt hp Click chut ln hnh nh phng to. Nhn gi hai phm Alt + Space bar kt hp Click chut ln hnh nh. S dng Palettes Navigator thu phng hnh nh: Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 15
Ko con trt sang phi hoc chn chc nng Zoom In. Ko con trt sang tri hoc chn chc nng Zoom Out. Nhp gi tr ch nh phn trm hin th vo hp nhp ti gc tri bn di ca Palettes.
S dng menu View thu phng hnh nh Phng to: Chn menu View, chn Zoom in Hay nhn t hp phm tt l Ctrl + du cng. Thu nh: Chn menu View, chn Zoom out Hay nhn t hp phm tt l Ctrl + du tr. Hin th ca s hnh nh va kht vi ca s chng trnh: Chn Menu View, chn Fit on Screen Hay nhn t hp phm tt l Ctrl + 0 (phm Zero). Hin th hnh nh vi t l 100%. Chn Menu View, chn Actual Pixel Hay nhn t hp phm: Ctrl + Alt + 0 (phm Zero). Hin th hnh nh cng t l khi in Chn Menu View, chn Print size. Cun nhanh hnh nh: cun hnh nh chng ta thc hin bng mt cc cch sau: Chn cng c Hand tool. Nhp chut vo hnh nh ri drag hnh nh. Hoc: Nhn gi phm Space bar + Drag hnh nh. Thay i kch thc hnh nh bng lnh Canvas size 16 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Lnh Canvas size cho php thay i kch thc ca Vn v nhng khng lm thay i kch thc ca hnh nh trong vn v. Chn Menu Image, chn lnh Canvas size. Hp thai xut hin. Xc lp cc thuc tnh sau:
Width: Thay i chiu rng vn v. Height: Thay i chiu cao vn v. Anchor: Chn v tr thc thi chc nng i vi hnh nh trong Canvas. Thng chng ta chn v tr tm kch thc tng gim u theo cc phng ca hnh nh. Thay i kch thc hnh nh bng lnh Image size Lnh Image size cho php thay i kch thc v phn gii ca hnh nh. Chn Menu Image, chn lnh Image size. Hp thoi xut hin, xc lp cc thng s:
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Ch cn Thay i Width hay Height trong Pixel Dimention hoc Document Size l c kch thc phn cn li s t ng co theo phn thay i. Width: Thay i chiu rng vn v ln hnh nh. Height: Thay i chiu cao vn v ln hnh nh. Resolution: Thay i phn gii tp tin. Constrain Proportion: Kho t l gia chiu rng v chiu cao khng i. Resample Image: Ty chn v nh li kch thc Nhn bn ca s Canvas Lnh Duplicate cho php chng ta nhn bn mt Canvas ang c chn. Chn Menu Image, chn chc nng Duplicate. Hp thai xut hin.
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Xc lp cc gi tr trong hp thai: Hp As: Tn ca bn va Copy. Duplicate Merged Layers only: Chc nng ny cho php trn cc lp li trn tp tin va chp nu hnh nh c nhiu lp.
Phc hi nh vi ln lu cui: Chn Menu File, chn Rever. Tr v trng thi bt k: Nhp chut chn Palette History. Chn trng thi mun phc hi. Lu : Trong Palette History ch lu ng 20 trng thi. Do tng gi tr lu tr ta phi chuyn i trng thi sang hnh nh chp nhanh bng cch chn chc nng Crate new snapshort (nt gia). Quay v trc mt thao tc bng t hp phm Ctrl +Z Photoshop ch cho php chng ta thc hin Undo ng mt ln bng cch nhn phm Ctrl + Z. thc hin Undo nhiu ln trc ta phi: Chn Menu Edit, chn Step Backward. Hoc nhn t hp phm Ctrl + Alt + Z. Thit lp t hp phm Ctrl + Z. Version 7 Vo Menu Edit, chn References, chn General, chn mc Redo Key, chn Ctrl + Shift + Z. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 19
Chn Ok. Thit lp t hp phm Ctrl + Z. Version CS3 Vo Menu Edit, Keyboard Shortcut M th mc Edit. Mc Undo/ Redo: Ct Shortcut xa v trng Mc Back Foreward: Ct Shortcut nhn Ctrl + Z. G Enter Chn Ok. ng ca s Canvas Chn File chn Close, Hay Close Button. VII. CC THAO TC TRN VNG CHN VII.1. Ch Khi vng nh c chn th chng c gii hn bi ng bin chm mnh lay ng. Thao tc chn ton b vng nh Cho php chn tt c cc hnh nh c trn Vn v. Chn Menu Select, chn All. Phm tt: Ctrl + A. Thao tc chn ton b hnh nh khng trong sut trn lp: Cho php chng ta chn tt c cc hnh nh c trn Layer hin hnh, ngoi tr Layer Background (thao tc ny cn gi l ti vng chn ca mt lp). chn tt c nhng hnh nh khng trong sut trn cng mt Layer ta thc hin nh sau: Nhn gi phm Ctrl + Nhp chut ln tn Layer trong bng Palette Layer. Hoc nhp phi chut ln thumbnail ca hnh nh trong Palette layer, chn Select pixel. VII.2. S Dng Nhm Marquee To Vng Chn Nhm Marquee c 4 cng c chn: Cng c Rectangular Marquee Tool: Cho php to vng chn hnh ch nht hoc hnh vung. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
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Cng c Elliptical Marquee Tool: Cho php to vng chn dng hnh Ellipse hoc hnh trn. Cng c Single Row Marquee Tool: Cho php to vng chn c dng hnh ch nht nm ngang 1 Pixel. Cng c Single Column Marquee Tool: Cho php to vng chn c dng hnh ch nht thng ng 1 Pixel. To vng chn bng cng c Rectangular Marquee Tool Chn cng c Rectangular Marquee Tool trong hp cng c. Drag chut t gc trn bn tri sang gc di bn phi to thnh hnh ch nht bao quanh vng hnh nh m chng ta mun chn.
to thnh vng chn hnh vung trong lc chn nhn thm phm Shift. To vng chn bng cng c Elliptical Marquee tool Chn cng c Elliptical Marquee Tool trn hp cng c. Drag chut t gc trn bn tri sang gc di bn phi to thnh hnh Ellipse bao quanh vng chn.
to thnh vng chn hnh trn trong lc chn nhn thm phm Shift. VII.3. S Dng Nhm Lasso Tool To Vng Chn Nhm Lasso c 3 cng c chn Cng c Lasso Tool: Cho php k ng bin t do to vng chn. Cng c Polygonal Lasso Tool: Cho php to vng chn dng a gic. 21
Cng c Magnetic Lasso Tool: Cho php to vng chn da trn bin i tng. To vng chn bng cng c Lasso Tool Chn cng c Lasso Tool trn hp cng c. Nhp chut chn v tr bt u ng thi drag chut qua cc im bt k trn hnh nh to vng chn. Kt thc chn th chut, vng chn t khp.
To vng chn bng cng c Polygon Lasso Tool Chn cng c Polygonal Lasso. Nhp chut chn im bt u. Nhp chut qua cc im tip theo. Nhp chut ln v tr ban u khp kn vng chn. To vng chn bng cng c Magnetic Lasso Tool Chn cng c Magnetic Lasso Tool. Nhp chut chn im bt u. R chut qua bin i tng. Nhp chut ln v tr ban u khp kn vng chn. Ch : Khi s dng cng c Magnetic Lasso Tool, nu nhn gi phm Alt + nhp chut qua cc im, vng chn c dng hnh a gic.
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VII.4. S Dng Cng C Magic Wand To Vng Chn Cng c Magic Wand cho php chng ta chn i tng da theo tnh tng ng mu sc v ng bin ca i tng. Chn cng c Magic Wand Tool trn hp cng c. Nhp chut vo vng nh cn chn. Ch : Mun chn thm phn cn li ca i tng nhn gi phm Shift ng thi tip tc nhp chut chn i tng. VII.5. S Dng Cng C To Vn Bn To Vng Chn Cho php chng ta to ra vng chn dng vn bn. Kt qu phn i tng nm trong ng vin Text s c chn.
Thao tc thc hin: Chn cng c Type Tool trn hp cng c. Nhp chut chn chc nng Horizontal Type Mask tool. Hoc chn Vertical Type Mask tool Xc lp cc thuc tnh trn thanh ty chn. Cc lp Font Size Style ch. Nhp chut chn v tr nhp vn bn. Nhp vn bn. Nhp chut chn li cng c Move. VII.6. Thao Tc Hiu Chnh Vng Chn Thao tc thi chn Chn Menu Select, chn Deselect Hoc nhn phm tt Ctrl+ D Di chuyn vng chn: Trong lc to vng chn dng Marquee, nu chng ta mun di di vng chn trc khi thc hin chn tip, ta ch cn Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 23
nhn gi thm phm Spacebar drag di vng chn ri th phm Spacebar ri tip tc thc hin thao tc chn. Sau khi thc hin to vng chn trn nh, nu mun di vng chn n v tr khc ta chn li cng c chn, nhp chut vo ng bin, drag chut di bin chn. Nh chn chc nng New Selection trn thanh ty chn. Lu vng chn: Lu vng chn l thao tc ct tr li vng chn cho vic ti s dng khi cn thit. To vng chn trn i tng. Chn Select, chn Save Selection. Hp thoi xut hin Xc lp cc gi tr: Name: Nhp tn vng chn cn lu. Channel: New. Chn Ok.
Ti vng chn lu Chn Menu Select, chn Load Selection. Xc lp cc gi tr trn hp thai: Channel: Tn vng chn lu cn m. Invert: C chuyn i vng chn hay khng. Chn Ok.
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Hiu chnh nhe quanh bin vng chn: Chn Menu Select, chn Modify, chn chc nng Feather. Nhn phm tt l Ctrl + Alt + D. Hp thai xut hin, nhp gi tr: Feather Radius, chn Ok.
Hiu chnh bin vng chn bng lnh Tranform Selection Lnh ny cho php thu nh hay phng to vng chn mt cc t do. Thao tc thc hin: To vng chn. Chn Menu Select, chn Tranform selection. Xut hin khung xung quanh c 8 vung v mt tm quay. a tr chut vo cc vung thc hin bin i. Nhn Enter thc hin thao tc, nhn Esc b thao tc. Kt hp cc phm tt Ctrl, Shift, Alt thc hin thay i theo nh mc. o vng chn: Chn Menu Select, chn Invert. Hay nhn t hp phm tt Ctrl + Shift + I. M rng bin vng chn: Chn Menu Select, chn Modify, chn Expand. Hp thai xut hin, nhp gi tr thu hp. Chn OK. Thu hp bin vng chn: Chn Select, chn Modify, chn Contract. Hp thai xut hin, nhp gi tr , chn OK. Xa hnh nh trong vng chn: Chn menu Edit, chn Clear. Hoc nhn phm tt l Delete. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 25
Ch : Nu xo lp Background th vng xo s thay th l mu Background hin hnh. Nu xo lp khc lp Background th vng xo s tr thnh trong sut. S dng phm chc nng hiu chnh vng chn: Trong lc to vng chn nhn gi thm phm Shift b sung vng chn hay cng thm vng chn. Trong lc to vng chn nhn gi phm Alt tr bt vng chn. Trong lc to vng chn nhn gi phm Shift v Alt ly phn giao vi vng chn c. C th chuyn qua ch Edit in Quick mask mode dng cc cng c hiu chnh ri chn li ch Edit in Standard Mode cng to c vng chn. S dng cng c Crop xn hnh nh Chn cng c Crop Tool. Xc nh li cc thng s cho vng xn trn thanh ty chn: Width/ Height: Kch thc phng ngang v phng ng. Resolution: phn gii. K khung hnh ch nht bao quanh vng xn. G Enter thc hin xn. Nhn Esc thi xn. S dng chc nng Crop trong Menu Image xn hnh nh To vng chn bao quanh hnh nh cn gi li. Chn Menu Image, chn Crop. VII.7. Thao Tc Sao Chp v Di Chuyn Vng nh c Chn Thao tc di chuyn vng nh: Cch 1: To vng chn bt k. Chn cng c Move trn hp cng c.
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t con tr ln vng chn v drag chut di hnh nh n v tr mi. Cch 2: To vng chn bt k. t con tr ln vng chn ng thi nhn gi phm Ctrl ri drag chut di hnh nh n v tr mi. Ch : Thao tc ny ch di chuyn phn hnh nh trong vng chn. Nu khng l vng chn th di chuyn tt c hnh nh trong lp hin hnh v lp lin kt. Lp Background phi to vng chn mi di chuyn c. Nu nh du vo chc nng Auto Select Layer Option Bar khi chn Move tool. Th t ng chn lp trn cng cha hnh nh khng trong sut. Nu di chuyn hnh nh trong vng chn ti lp Background thi phn nn cn li s l mu Background hin hnh. Nu di chuyn hnh nh trong vng chn ti lp khc th phn nn cn li s trong sut. Thao tc sao chp vng nh trong cng Canvas To vng chn bt k. Chn cng c Move trn hp cng c. t con tr ln vng chn Nhn gi phm Alt ng thi drag chut sao chp hnh nh trong vng chn n v tr mi. Thi chn, vng hnh nh ny s c dn ln lp hin hnh. Thao tc sao chp vng nh t Canvas sang Canvas khc: To vng chn bt k. Chn cng c Move trn hp cng c. t con tr ln vng chn Nhn gi chut tri drag chut th vng nh vo Canvas mi. Vng nh mi c sau chp ny s nm trm mt lp mi. VII.8. Bin i Hnh nh Bng Menu Lnh Ch : Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 27
Khi thc hin thao tc bin i hnh nh c vng chn, th ch c vng nh nm trong vng chn mi b nh hng. Khi thc hin thao tc bin i hnh nh khng c vng chn, th lnh s tc ng ln ton b hnh nh trong lp hin hnh hay lp lin kt vi lp hin hnh. Khi thc hin thao tc bin i hnh nh trn lp Background th bt buc phi to vng chn. Bin hnh nh bng lnh Free Transform To vng chn cn hiu chnh hay chn lp hin hnh. Chn menu Edit, chn chc nng Free Transform. Hay nhn t hp phm tt l Ctrl + T. Thc hin thao tc bin i: Xoay nh: Di chuyn chut vo mt trong bn gc n khi con tr xut hin biu tng xoay th drag chut theo hng cn xoay. Thay i kch thc: Di chuyn tr vo mt trong tm handle cnh n khi con tr xut hin biu tng thay i kch thc thi drag chut theo hng cn tng hay gim. Lu : Nn chn 1 trong 4 Handle gc bin i kch thc hnh nh thay i theo t l ng dng c hai chiu. Bin i hnh nh bng lnh Transform To vng chn cn hiu chnh hay chn lp hin hnh. Chn menu Edit, chn chc nng Transform. Chn mt trong cc chc nng sau thc hin bin i: Scale: Thay i t l hnh nh ln nh. Nhp chut vo mt trong 4 vung gc thc hin. Nhn Enter thc hin, nhn Esc b qua. Rotate: Xoay hnh nh. Nhn chut vo nt trong 4 vung gc quay. Nhn Enter thc hin, nhn Esc b qua.
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Skew: Ko nghing, a chut v mt trong 4 vung gia x nghing. Nhn Enter thc hin, nhn Esc b qua. Distort: Bin dng. Nhn chut vo mt trong 8 vung xung quanh bin i. Nhn Enter thc hin, nhn Esc b qua. Perspective: Thay i phi cnh. Nhn chut vo mt trong 4 vung gc bin i. Nhn Enter thc hin, nhn Esc b qua.. Rotate 180: Quay mt gc 180 . Rotate 90 CW: Quay cng chiu kim ng h 900. Rotate 90 CCW: Quay ngc chiu kim ng h 900. Flip Horizontal: Lt theo phng ngang. Flip Vertical: Lt theo phng ng. Dng chut bin i trc tip hay xc lp cc gi tr trn thanh chc nng. V d: Yu cu: T nhng vt dng c bn sau:
Hy lp ghp chng li thnh mt sn phm. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 29
Thc hin: Bc 1: M mi bn v: Chn Menu File, chn New. Hp thoi xut hin mc Preset, chn tp tin kt qu, chn OK. Bc 2: Sao chp qu da. Chn cng c Rectangular Marquee Tool. Drag chut to vng chn bao quanh qu da. Chn cng c Move, nhp chut vo vng chn drag chut sang tp tin mi m. Bc 3: Sao chp con mt Chn cng c Elliptical Marquee tool ng thi nhn phm Shift, drag chut tao vng chn bao quanh qu Qut, chn li cng c Move, nhn t hp phm Alt ng thi drag vng chn t ln lt Carot. Chn li cng c Elliptical marquee tool ng thi nhn gi phm shift drag chut bao quanh vng lat carot v qu qut. Chn li cng c Move ng thi drag chut th vng chn vo tp tin mi t trn qu da. Chn cng c Move ng thi nhn gi phm Alt v nhn gi thm phm Shift sao chp thm mt con mt na t v tr i din. Bc 4: Sao chp l ci lm chn mi 30 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Chn cng c Lasso drag chut to vng chn bao quanh l ci cn sao chp. Chn cng c Move drag chut th vng chn sang tp tin mi t ng v tr chn mi. Chn cng c Move ng thi nhn t hp phm Alt v Shift drag th vng chn thm mt chn mi na. Chn Menu Edit, chn Tranform, chn Clip Horizontal lt theo phng ngang.
Bc 5: Sao chp tri xoang lm l mi: Chn cng c Magic wand, nhp cht vo tri xoang chn ng thi nhn gi thm phm shift chn tt c phn ca qu xoang. Chn cng c Move, drag th vng chn sang tp tin ang to mi. Drag di hnh nh t ng v tr trn khun mt.
Bc 6: Sao chp qu kivi, si m lm ci ming v n Chn cng c Lasso tool, drag chut tao vng chn bao quanh qu kivi. Chn cng c Move, drag chut th cng chn sang tp tin mi ti v tr ci ming. Chn cng c Polygon Lasso, to vng chn bao si m. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 31
Chn cng c move drag th vng chn sang tp tin mi t ng v tr ci n. Bc 7: Ct lt bi lm l tai: Chn cng c Lasso tool, drag chut to vng chn. Chn cng c Move, drag chut th vng chn sang tp tin mi t ng v tr l tai. Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + T quay t do lt bi va sao chp ng hng l tai. Chn cng c Move ng thi nhn Alt v phm Shift sao chp thm mt l tai na. Chn menu Edit, chn Clip Horizontal lt l tai va sao chp theo phng ngang, drag di ng v tr. Bc 8: To ci nn: Chn cng c Lasso, drag chut bao quanh qu nm. Chn cng c Move, drag chut th vng chn qua tp tin mi t ti v tr trn u. Chn cng c Elliptical tool, to vng chn ct phn tha chn ca tay nm va ct. nhn Delete xa. nh kt thc
VIII. BI TP CHNG 1: 32 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Bi Tp 1.1
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Bi Tp 1.3:
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Bi Tp 1.4:
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Bi Tp 1.5:
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Bi Tp 1.6:
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Chng2:CC THAO TC NNG CAO CA PHOTOSHOP
Nt c trng ca Photoshop l t chc hnh nh thnh nhiu Layer - Lp. Mt thun li rt ln ca lp l, chng ta c th qun l ring bit cc vng nh to ra. Lp c hiu mt cch n gin l hnh nh s c ghp t nhiu tm film xp chng ln nhau, gia cc lp c s trong sut, ni no m c im nh trn lp thi ti khng cn trong sut na. Trn mi lp chng ta c th t v chnh sa, hay thay i m c hoc c th to lin kt gia cc lp thc hin cc thao tc bin i cng lc nhiu lp. Ngoi ra ta cng c th to thm c cc tnh nng khc nh to mt n lp, to lp xn path, to hiu ng lp. Trong chng ny chng ta s tm hiu nhng vn sau: Khi nim v Lp Cc thao tc thc hin trn lp. Knh mu v cc thao tc trn knh mu Ch mt n v cc thao tc trn ch mt n. Gii thiu cc hiu ng c bn trong Photoshop.
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I. LAYER - LP I TNG I.1. Khi Nim Lp i Tng Lp i tng l mt thnh phn m Photoshop dng qun l s phn bit hnh nh. Trong mt Canvas, lp nn lun lun c xp di cng, lp ny khng th to c vng trong sut, khng p dng ch ha trn v m c. x l lp nn ta phi chuyn i v lp thng mi x l v bin i c. Mt hnh nh trong Photoshop c th thy c cc loi lp sau: Lp nn (Background), Lp hnh nh, Lp ch, lp hiu chnh, lp t y, lp hnh dng v t hp lp. I.2. Gii Thiu Palettes Layer Cc thnh phn chc nng: 1: Delete Layer: Xa lp. 2: Create new Layer: To lp. 3: Create new Fill or Adjustment: To lp mu t/hiu chnh. 4: Create new Set: To Th mc cha layer. 5: Add a Mask: To lp mt n. 6: Add a Layer Style: To hiu 6 5 4 3 2 1 ng lp. Blend mode (Hp Normal): Ch ha trn mu. Opacity: m c v trong sut ca vng nh trn lp. Fill: Cng t mu. Clock: Kho hiu chnh lp. I.3. Cc Thao Tc Trn Lp Chn lp hin hnh: hiu chnh phn nh trn layer no chng ta phi chn ng layer . 40 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Layer ang c chn gi l layer hin hnh, c vt sng mu xanh trn hnh nh thu nh (layer thumbnail) ca lp. Cch nhn bit layer hin hnh: Gia biu tng con mt v tn lp c mt biu tng c v hay c mt vt mu xanh qut ngang tn lp. Hin n Layer: hin n Layer chng ta thc hin nh sau: Trong Palette Layer nhp chn biu tng con mt trn Palettes Layer bn tri tn lp n hoc hin. Nhn Bn Layer: nhn bn Layer chng ta c th chn mt trong cc cch sau: Drag chut ko th Layer vo chc nng Create New Layer trn Palette Layer. Hoc chn Menu Layer, chn chc nng Duplicate Layer. Hoc nhp chut phi ln tn lp, chn Duplicate Layer. Chuyn lp Background thnh lp thng: chuyn lp Background thnh lp thng ta thc hin: Nhp p chut tri ln tn lp trong Palette Layer. Hoc chn Menu Layer, chn New, chn Layer from Background. Nhp li tn lp. Chuyn lp hin hnh thnh lp Background chuyn lp hin hnh thnh lp Background ta thc hin: Chn Menu Layer, chn New, chn Background from Layer. To mi lp nh: Chn menu Layer, chn New, chn Layer. Hoc chn chc nng Create new Layer trn Palette Layer. Hp thai xut hin: Xem Hnh.
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Xc lp cc thuc tnh: Name: G tn lp. Mode: Chn M hnh mu. Color: Chn Mu nn cho lp. Opacity: Chn m c. Chn Ok. To lp mi t vng chn c Copy: thc hin to lp mi t vng chn c Copy, ta thc hin: To vng chn trn vng nh cn to trn lp mi. Chn Menu Layer, chn New, chn Layer via Copy. To lp mi t vng chn c Cut: thc hin to lp mi t vng chn c Cut, ta thc hin: To vng chn trn vng nh cn to trn lp mi. Chn Menu Layer, chn New, chn Layer via Cut. t tn lp: t tn lp ta thc hin nh sau: Nhp p chut ln tn lp. Xa tn c, nhp tn mi. Thay i v tr xp lp thay i v tr xp lp ca Layer ta c th thc hin nh sau: Nhp chut drag Layer trong Palette Layer n v tr mi. Hoc chn tn Layer trong Palette Layer, chn Menu layer, chn Arrange, chn mt trong cc chc nng sau: Bring to Front: Di chuyn ln trn cng. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Bring Forward: Di chuyn ln trn mt Layer. Send Backward: Di chuyn xung mt Layer Send to Back: Di chuyn xung Layer di cng. Tao lin kt lp vi lp hin hnh: to lin kt ca Layer vi Layer hin hnh ta thc hin: Nhp chut cc lp cn to lin kt lp trn Palette Layer. ). Chn chc nng Link bn di Palette Layer ( Hiu chnh lp lin kt: Chng ta c th canh chnh lp lin kt theo lp hin hnh hay theo bin vng chn. Mun canh chnh theo vng chn ta lm nh sau: To bin vng chn Chn mt lp ring l hoc mt trong cc lp lin kt. Chn menu Layer, chn chc nng Align to Selection. Mun canh chnh cc lp lin kt theo lp hin hnh, ta thc hin: Chn Menu Layer, chn Align Linked: Chn mt trong cc chc nng sau: Top Edges: Canh thng hng cc im nh trn cng ca cc lp vi bin vng chn hay vi cc im nh trn cng ca lp hin hnh. Vertical Center: Canh thng hng im nh tm dc ca cc lp vi tm dc ca vng chn hoc im nh tm dc ca lp hin hnh. Bottom Edges: Canh thng hng cc im nh di cng ca cc lp vi bin vng chn hay vi cc im nh di cng ca lp hin hnh. Left Edges: Canh thng hng cc im nh cc tri ca cc lp vi bin vng chn hay vi cc im nh cc tri ca lp hin hnh. Horizontal Center: Canh thng hng im nh tm ngang ca cc lp vi tm ngang ca vng chn hoc im nh tm ngang ca lp hin hnh. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 43
Right Edges: Canh thng hng cc im nh cc phi ca cc lp vi bin vng chn hay vi cc im nh cc phi ca lp hin hnh. Phn b lp lin kt phn b cc lp lin kt ta phi lin kt t nht l ba lp tr ln: Chn Menu Layer, chn Distribute linked: Chn mt trong cc kiu lin kt sau: Top Edges: Phn b cch u t im nh trn cng ca mi lp. Vertical Center: Phn b cch u t im nh tm dc ca cc lp. Bottom Edges: Phn b cch u bt u t im nh di cng ca cc lp. Left Edges: phn b cch u bt u t im nh cc tri ca mi lp. Horizontal Center: phn b cch u bt u t im nh tm ngang ca mi lp. Right Edges: Phn b cch u t im nh cc phi ca mi lp. Trn p phng cc lp: trn p phng cc Layer chng ta c th thc hin nh sau: Chn menu Layer, chn mt trong cc chc nng sau: Merger Down: Trn lp hin hnh vi lp k di. Merge Link: Trn cc lp lin kt vo lp hin hnh. Merge Visible: Trn lp kh kin vo lp hin hnh. Flatten Image: p phng cc lp kh kin thnh lp Background. To lp hiu chnh: to lp hiu chnh chng ta c th thc hin nh sau: Chn Menu Layer, chn Add Adjustment Layer, chn kiu thc hin. (c gii thiu trong phn Hiu chnh hnh nh). Xa lp: 44 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
xa Layer chng ta c th thc hin nh sau: Chn layer cn xo trong Palette Layer, chn Menu Layer, chn Delete layer. Hoc Nhp chut drag tn Layer cn xo vo trong biu tng Delete Layer. Thit lp m c v trong sut ca lp: thit lp m c v trong sut ca lp ta thc hin: Chn lp cn p dng. Chn chc nng Opacity trn palette layer. Thay i gi tr t 0 n 100. (Nu gi tr l 100 th hnh nh m c hon ton Nu gi tr l 0 th hnh nh trong sut hon ton). To hiu ng lp: to hiu lp chng ta c th thc hin nh sau: Chn lp cn p dng trn Palette Layer. Chn Menu Layer, chn Layer Style, chn kiu p dng. Ty thuc vo cc chc nng m chng ta s xc lp cc thng s cho ph hp. Thit lp ch ha trn mu cho lp: thit lp ch ho trn mu cho lp ta thc hin nh sau: Chn lp cn p dng trn Palette Layer. Chn chc nng Blend mode cn p dng gc trn bn tri palete layer. Mc nh chc nng ny trng thi normal. To hiu ng lp bng chc nng Layer Style Layer Style cho php chng ta thc hin cc thao tc bin i c bit ln trn tng lp nh. to hiu ng lp ta thc hin nh sau: Chn lp cn p dng. Chn Menu Layer, chn Layer Style, chn kiu cn p dng: Hp thoi xut hin, xc lp cc gi tr cho kiu hiu ng lp chn. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 45
Cc kiu Layer Style thng dng: Drop Shadow: To bng ra bn ngoi hnh nh. Inner Shadow: To bng vo bn trong hnh nh. Outer Glow: To vng sng bn ngoi hnh nh. Inner Glow: to vn sng vo bn trong hnh nh. Bevel and Emboss: To hiu ng chm ni v vt cnh vin. Satin: Nhum mu hnh nh theo nhiu thng s. Color Overlay: Nhum mu nh theo m c ca mu. Gradient Overlay: Nhum mu theo mu chuyn sc Pattern Overlay: Nhum mu theo mu t. Stroke: Nhum mu theo ng bin ca nh. V d: Yu cu thc hin: T nhng hnh nh ban u hy thit k mt Poster ging nh hnh nh kt qu cho bng cch s dng cc chc nng hc trong phn Chng 2, kt hp chc nng Image/ Adjustments/ Hue/Saturation. 46 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Cho cc File nh bt u (Xem hnh bn di):
Thc hin: Bc 1: M mi tp tin c cng kch thc v phn gii cng ch mu vi tp tin kt qu: Chn menu File, chn new. Hp thoi xut hin. Hp Preset, chn tp tin kt thc. Chn Ok. Chn tp tin Bt u. Chn cng c Marquee Tool. Rectangular
Bc 2: To lp nn
Chn cng c Move (V), drag vng nh sang tp tin mi. Vn vng nh ang chn, nhn t hp phm Ctrl + T, ko gin nh ph y lp nn. 47
Bc 3: To lp th nht Chn tp tin Begin. Chn cng c Rectangular Marquee Tool. To vng chn trn vng nh. Chn cng c Move, drag vng nh t ln v tr chic ng h. Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + T hiu chnh kch c vng nh theo mun. To vng chn Elliptical Marquee Tool t trn vng nh va sao chp.
Nhp phi thit lp Feather = 25. o ngc vng chn Chn li ng lp nh va sao chp, nhn phm Delete xo vng nh bn ngoi. Kt qu nh hnh bn trn: Bc 4: To lp th hai Lp qu cu Chn tp tin Begin. Chn cng c Elliptical Marquee Tool. Nhn ng thi phm Shift to vng chn trn. Trong lc thc hin to vng chn chng ta c th nhn phm Space bar kt hp vi cng c ang chn di v tr vng chn n v tr theo mun. Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + T thay i kch thc qu cu theo mun.
Bc 5: To ha trn mu qu cu vi vng ng h 48 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Chn lp cha qu cu. Sau thit lp ch ha trn mu trn bng Palette Layer l Exclusion.
Bc 6: To lp cha bng Vit nam Chn cng c Magic Wand Tool. Chn bng Vit Nam. Chn cng c Move, drag chut sao chp vng nh, v t bn mu vng ln qu cu. Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + T thu nh kch thc bn theo mun. Sao chp lp qu cu, ng thi thit lp li ch ha trn mu l Normal. Load vng chn ca lp bn , o ngc vng chn (Ctrl + Shift + I), chn lp Qu cu, nhn Delete. Xo lp cha bn . Thit lp Drop Shadow cho vng nh bn va ct: Layer, chn Layer style, chn Drop Shadow.
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Hnh kt qu
Bc 6 Bc kt thc Bc 7: Thit lp cc qu cu cn li: Sao chp lp qu cu thnh 4 qu cu na: Nhn t hp phm Alt + cng c Move. Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + T thay i kch thc cc qu cu theo mun. Chn ln lc cc Layer cha qu cu. Chn cng c Eye Droper ( I ) ht mu mu bn qu cu kt qu ly mu mu cho Foreground. Sau nhn t hp phm Ctrl + U m hp thai Hue Saturation. nh du Colorize ng tng mu. Cn chnh Saturation v Lightness. Thc hin tng t cho cc qu cu cn li. 50 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
II. KNH MU- CHANNEL II.1. Khi Nim Knh Channel hay cn gi l knh mu l khi nim m Photoshop dng gn lin vi cc thuc tnh mu ca hnh nh. Mt hnh nh trong Photoshop thng c cc knh sau: Knh thng tin mu, knh mu vt, knh alpha. Knh thng tin mu c t ng to ra khi chng ta m hnh nh mi. Ty vo ch mu ca hnh nh m c s lng knh thng tin mu tng ng. V d: Nu ch mu ca hnh nh l RGB th knh thng tin mu c 4 knh: Knh mu tng hp RGB, v 3 knh mu c bn l Red, Green, Blue. Knh mu vt (m)- Spot channel: Knh mu ny to ra nhm nh thm bn mu in vi mc mu vt. Knh Alpha c to ra lu tr vng chn hoc to mt n di dng nh Gayscale 8 bit. Mi hnh nh cha ti a 24 knh bao gm knh mu ln knh alpha v knh mu vt. Lu cc dng file Jpeg, Bmp khng lu knh mu vt v knh mu alpha. qun l knh mu Photoshop cung cp Palettet Channel. II.2. Gii Thiu Palettes Channel Knh mu tng hp. Knh mu c bn.
Knh mu vt. Knh mu Alpha.
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Ghi ch: 4.Load Cannel as selection. 3.Save Select as channel. 2.Create new channel. 1.Delect curren channel. II.3. Cc Thao Tc C Bn Trn Knh Hin th Palette Channel: Chn Menu Window, Chn Menu chc nng Show Channel. Xem knh: M Channel palette. Mun xem knh no click chut vo biu tng con mt trc tn knh trong palette channel. Thng thng cch th hin ca tng knh ring l trong channel palette l mu xm, ch c knh tng hp th hin mu. th hin mu cho cc knh ring l ta chn Menu Edit, chn Preferences, chn Display & Cursur, nh du chc nng Color channel in color. Chn knh: C th chn mt hoc nhiu knh bng cch kt hp thm phm Shift v Click ln knh cn chn. Knh c chn s xut hin mu sng v mi hiu chnh s tc ng ln knh c chn. Hiu chnh knh: Ta c th s dng bt k cng c t v chnh sa knh. Nu tc ng n knh lm thay i sng / ti ca knh th s c thm hoc bt ra khi knh. Thay i th t knh trong Palette channel Khi cn thit ta c th thay i th t ca cc knh. Th t ca knh mu tng hp v mu c bn l khng i cho d ta c c tnh thay i. Ta c th thay i th t ca knh mu vt v mu alpha bng cch drag chut ln hoc xung knh cn thay i. 52 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Nhn bn knh Chn knh cn nhn bn trong Channel palette Chn chc nng trn channel palette, chn chc nng Duplicate channel. Xc lp cc thuc tnh: As: Nhp tn cho knh nhn bn Document: Chn New nu mun th hin trn tp tin mi. Chn tn hin hnh s ghp thm knh vo bn hin hnh. Chc nng Invert cho php nghch mu ca knh. Chn OK. CH : Ta c th nhn bn nhanh mt knh bng cch ko knh th vo chc nng Create new channel hay th sang ca s khc. Tch ri cc knh Khi thc hin tch knh thng trn hnh nh c mt Layer Background thnh nhng hnh nh ring bit vi mi knh c bn l mt hnh nh v nh ch c mt knh mu xm. Thao tc thc hin: Chn hnh nh cn tch. Chn chc nng trn channel palette, chn Split channel. Trn knh Khi thc hin trn nhiu knh mu xm ring l ca cng mt hnh nh s to ra hnh nh mt hnh nh tng hp cc knh v nh c mu theo m hnh mu ca cc knh mu xm. Thao tc thc hin: Chn mt trong cc hnh nhxm c cng kch thc tnh bng pixel. Chn chc nng trn channel palette, chn Merge channel. Xc lp cc thuc tnh: Mode; Channel. Xc lp knh ng vi tng hnh nh. Chn OK. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 53
Thng thng Mode v Channel chn mc nh. Chuyn i knh Hnh nh cha 16 bit/knh mu sc s th hin tinh t hn hnh nh cha 8 bit/knh. Nhng do nh cha 16 bit/knh c nhiu lnh b hn ch(v d lnh Move). Do vy c lc ta cn chuyn i sang 8 bit/ knh. chuyn hnh nh sang 16 bit/ knh: Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn 16 Bits/ Channel. chuyn hnh nh sang 8 bit/knh: Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn 8 Bits/ Channel. Xa knh xo mt hay nhiu knh ta c th thc hin nh sau: Chn knh cn xa. Chn chc nng trn Channel Palette, chn Delete channel. Hoc drag chut ko knh cn xa vo chc nng Delete channel. II.4. CcThao tc nng cao trn knh To mi knh mu Alpha Chn chc nng New channel trong Menu Pallete Channel to nhanh knh Alpha.
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Hoc chn Menu chc nng trong channel palette, chn New channel. Xc lp cc thuc tnh: Name: Tn ca knh Alpha. Masked Areas: Vng c bo v c mu en. Select Areas: Vng c bo v c mu trng. Chn OK. Lu vng chn thnh knh mu Alpha
To vng chn cn lu. Chn Menu Select, chn Save Selection. 55
Cc lp cc thuc tnh: name; Color Indicate.. Chn OK. Hiu chnh knh mu Alpha Thao tc thc hin: tng t nh knh mu vt. Chn knh Alpha cn hiu chnh. S dng cng c t v chnh sa trn knh Alpha. Ch : Nu t mu en s cng thm vo knh. Nu t mu khc s tr bt ra khi knh. Thay i ty chn ca knh mu Alpha Nhp p chut tri ln knh Alpha hiu chnh. Xc lp li cc tu chn trn hp thai. Ti knh mu Alpha thnh vng chn Nhp chut chn Menu Select, Chn Load Selection Xc lp li cc tu chn trn hp thai Load Selection. III. CH MASK MT N III.1. Khi nim ch mt n Ngoi cch s dng cc layer, Photoshop cn dng mt n c lp v tc dng cho tng vng ca nh. Mt n chng ta c th hiu tng t nh mt khun mu. Vng nh thng qua phn b ct ca mt n c th chnh sa c. Vng nh nm pha di phn khng b ct ca mt n s c bo v v khng b bin i. Mt n c th c s dng to vng chn, hoc ng dng che hoc hin nhng vng nh cn thit trn lp mt cch nhanh chng m khng cn phi xa nh. Chng ta c th to mt n tm thi cho mt ln s dng hoc lu li mt n s dng cho cc ln bin i sau. III.2. Cc Thao Tc Trn Mt N To mt n tm thi Chn cng c to vng chn. 56 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
To vng chn. Chn ch Edit in Quisk mask mode trn hp cng c.
Chc nng Edit In quick Mask
Chnh sa mt n tm thi Trong ch Quick Mask, Photoshop s t ng chuyn sang ch Grascale. Mu Foreground mc nh l mu en. Mu Background l mu trng. Mu mt n c mu . khi dng cng c t v hoc cng c chnh sa trong ch ch Quick mask phi tun th theo nguyn tt sau: T v bng mu trng s xo phn mt n (Phn che mu ) v lm tng thm vng chn. T v bng mu en s lm tng thm phn mt n v lm gim vng chn. S dng cng c Brush tool kt hp vi chc nng Edit in Standard mode v Edit in Quick mask mode thc hin t v m rng v gim vng chn. Tng vng chn th t v vi foreground l mu trng. Gim vng chn th t v vi Foreground l mu en. Lu mt vng chn thnh mt n To vng chn. Chn Save Selection as channel trong Palette channel. Ti mt mt n lm vng chn Chn menu Select, chn Load Section. Hp thai xut hin, ch nh knh Alpha cn Load. Thit lp ty chn trong Quick Mask Chn Pallete Channel. Chn Menu Channel ( gc trn bn phi pallete Channel), chn Chan Option. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 57
Xc lp li cc thuc tnh.
To lp mt n bng chc nng Paste into Chc nng ny cho php to ra mt lp mt n m hnh nh ch hin th ng trong phn vng chn. Cch thc hin: Copy vng nh cn to mt n. To vng chn trn lp cn to mt n. Chn lp cha vng chn to. Chn Menu Edit, chn Paste into. Hiu chnh vng nh dn. To lp mt n bng chc LayerMask Chc nng ny cho php to ra mt lp mt n m hnh nh trong lp c th b n hon ton hoc hin hon ton. Cch thc hin: Chn lp cn p dng. Chn Menu Layer, chn Layer Mask, chn mt trong hai kiu: Reveal All (Hin) hoc Hide All (n). Nu l lp n hon ton ta c th s dng vng chn c hnh dng bt k, sau t mu trng vo vng chn th hnh nh ny s hin ra trong vng chn. 58 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
III.3. V d V Mt N Yu cu: T nhng tp tin ban u hy thit k li Poeter Ngi p Vit Nam. Cc tp tin nh bt u:
Tp tin nh kt thc:
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Thc hin: Bc 1: To mi tp tin Chn Menu File, chn New. Hp thoi xut hin. Mc Preset chn tp tin kt thc. Bc 2: To lp nn
Nhp chut chn cng c Gradient Tool. Thit lp mu t. Thc hin t mu ln tp tin mi. Drag chut t gc trn bn tri xung gc di bn phi. Bc 3: To ht cho lp nn: Chn Menu Filter, chn Noise, chn Add Noise. Amount = 40, Distribution = Uniform.
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Bc 4: To hiu ng x nh theo tia cho lp nn Chn Menu Filter, chn Blur, chn Radial Blur.
Thit lp thng s ging hnh. Chn OK. Thc hin li hiu ng khong 5 ln.
Bc 5: Sao chp mu hoa vn vo vng chn: Chn Cng c Pen nhp chut ln vng nn to ng Path ch nht. Chn Cng c Add Anchor pen Tool thm hai im ri un cong path. Sau chuyn Path thnh vng chn. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 61
Chn tt c mu trn tp tin cha cht liu. Chn Menu Edit, chn Copy. Chn tp tin mi to, chn Edit, chn Past Into. Nhn Ctrl + T chnh sa mu sao cho va kht vn v.
Bc 6: Chp C Gi sang lm nh Chn cng c lasso kt hp vi cng c Magic Wand, chn hnh C gi sau chp sang tp tin mi. 62 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Bc 7: To lp mt n VIET NAM
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Sao chp thm mt c gi na. t lp ny di lp c gi ban u. Chn menu layer, chn layer mask, chn Hide all. Chn cng c Horizontal Type Mask Tool. Chn Font ch Cooper. Nhp chut to dng ch VIETNAM. Sau t mu trng cho vng chn ny. Chn cng c Move ng thi gi phm Alt, sao chp dng ch ny ra thnh nhiu dng na. Bc 8: To dng ch Ngi p To lp mi. Chn cng c Horizontal Type Mask Tool. Xc lp Font Vni Brush. To dng ch Ngi p. T mu chuyn sc cho dng ch. Chn Menu Layer, chn Layer Style, chn Drop Shadow. Bc 8: To dng ch Vit Nam Thc hin tng t nh dng ch Ngi p. Font ch: Vni Cooper Chc nng Layer Style: Bevel and Emboss. Phng thc Emboss. Xem nh kt thc.
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IV. HIU NG NH SN IV.1. t Vn Ngoi nhng tnh nng tuyt vi, Adobe Photoshop cn c b sung cc hiu ng (Filter) rt mnh to nhiu bin i trn hnh nh nhm m phng cc kt cu hay bin ha hnh nh phong ph hn, sinh ng hn. Tuy nhin mun to mt kit tc trong chng trnh Photoshop nu s dng hiu ng th khng n thun l s dng mt hiu ng m n thng l s kt hp ca nhiu hiu ng lng nhau. Ngoi ra chng ta cn c th p dng cc hiu ng t cc Plugin ca hng th ba nh Eye Candy 3.1, Eye Candy 4000, KPT3, KPT6 Trong phn ny chng ta ln lt gii thiu cc b lc ci t sn trong chng trnh Adobe Photoshop: IV.2. Phng Php p Dng Hiu ng p dng b lc cho mt vng nh ang chn hay cho ton b lp, chng ta c th thc hin nh sau: To vng chn. Hoc chn lp p dng hiu ng. Chn Menu Filter, Chn kiu b lc thch hp, chn b lc cn p dng. Thit lp cc thng s trong tng hiu ng c th. Ch : B lc c p dng sau cng s hin u ca Menu Filter vi phm tt l Ctrl + F. Chng ta c th chn p dng li. Chng ta c th chn Menu Edit, chn lnh Fade (Phm tt Ctrl + Shift + F) thay i m c v ch ho trn mu ca b lc. Chng ta ch p dng c b lc cho lp hat ng kh kin. Khng th p dng c b lc cho hnh nh ch bimap hoc ch Indexed Color. Ring hnh nh 16bit/ knh ch p dng c cc b lc sau: Gaussian Blur, Add noise, Median, Unshrp Mask, High pass, Dust & Scratches v Gradient Map. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 65
IV.3. Hiu ng Colored Pencil Hiu ng Colored Pencil thuc nhm hiu ng Artistic, y l nhm cc hiu ng c thit k theo phong cch hi ha, ch yu m phng li kt qu ca cc loi cng c v cht liu hi ha. Hiu ng Color Pencil lm cho hnh nh hay phn c chn trn nh ging nh c v bt ch ln giy. Ch : Mu Background s l mu Brightness IV.4. Hiu ng Plastic Wrap Hiu ng Plastic Wrap thuc nhm hiu ng Artistic, y l nhm cc hiu ng c thit k theo phong cch hi ha. Hiu ng cho php trng ph hnh nh bng p plastic bng, lm ni bt chi tit b mt. IV.5. Hiu ng Blur Hiu ng Blur thuc nhm hiu ng Blur, y l nhm cc hiu ng lm m vng chn hoc hnh nh, rt hu ch trong vic chm sa, c th to bng m cho hnh nh. Hiu ng cho php lm nhe hnh nh vi mc rt thp. Trong trng hp ny chng ta c th dng hiu ng Blur loi b nhng ht li ti trong chnh sa nh. 66 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
IV.6. Hiu ng Motion Blur Hiu ng Motion Blur thuc nhm hiu ng Blur, y l nhm cc hiu ng lm m vng chn hoc hnh nh, rt hu ch trong vic chm sa, c th to bng m cho hnh nh. Hiu ng cho php lm nhe theo hng c th (t -360 n +360 ) v cng xc nh (t l - 999). Hiu ng ca b lc ny tng t nh chp nh i tng ang chuyn ng. IV.7. Hiu ng Radial Blur Hiu ng Radial Blur thuc nhm hiu ng Blur, y l nhm cc hiu ng lm m vng chn hoc hnh nh, rt hu ch trong vic chm sa nh. Hiu ng cho php lm nhe mt cch a dng v phong ph hn. N to ra vng xoy ng tm hoc theo ng hng tm. IV.8. Hiu ng Ripple Hiu ng Ripple thuc nhm hiu ng Distort, y l nhm cc hiu ng lm bin dng hnh hc ca hnh nh, to hiu ng 3d hoc ti to hnh dng khc. Hiu ng cho php to mu gn sng trn vng chn, y ht sng nc ln tn trn mt h.
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IV.9. Hiu ng Twirt Hiu ng Twirt thuc nhm hiu ng Distort, y l nhm cc hiu ng lm bin dng hnh hc ca hnh nh, to hiu ng 3D hoc ti to hnh dng khc. Hiu ng cho php to hiu ng xoy. IV.10. Hiu ng Zigzag Hiu ng Zigzag thuc nhm hiu ng Distort, y l nhm cc hiu ng lm bin dng hnh hc ca hnh nh, to hiu ng 3D hoc ti to hnh dng khc. Hiu ng cho php to vng gn sng hng tm. IV.11. Hiu ng Add Noise Hiu ng Add Noise thuc nhm hiu ng Noise, y l nhm cc hiu ng b sung hoc b nhiu ht, tc cc pixel vi cc mu phn b ngu nhin, gip ha trn vng chn vo cc pixel xung quanh. Hiu ng cho php thm nhng ht bi pixel vo lm nhiu hnh nh.
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IV.12. Hiu ng Dust & Scratches Hiu ng Dust & Scratches thuc nhm hiu ng Noise, y l nhm cc hiu ng b sung hoc b nhiu, tc cc pixel vi cc mu phn b ngu nhin, gip ha trn vng chn vo cc pixel xung quanh. Hiu ng cho php loi b nhng khuyt im bng cch lm nhe. IV.13. Hiu ng Diffuse Hiu ng Diffuse thuc nhm hiu ng Stylize, y l nhm cc hiu ng to nn nhng hiu ng hi ha hoc thuc trng phi n tng trn hnh nh bng cch thay th cc im nh v bng cch tm v nng cao tng phn. Hiu ng cho php xo trn cc im nh khin cho vng chn bt mu sc nt . IV.14. Hiu ng Emboss Hiu ng Emboss thuc nhm hiu ng Stylize, y l nhm cc hiu ng to nn nhng hiu ng hi ha hoc thuc trng phi n tng trn hnh nh bng cch thay th cc im nh v bng cch tm nng cao tng phn. Hiu ng cho php to vng chn c v ni ln hoc chm xung bng cch huyn dng mu t thnh mu xm. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 69
IV.14. Hiu ng Wind Hiu ng Wind thuc nhm hiu ng Stylize, y l nhm cc hiu ng to nn nhng hiu ng hi ha hoc thuc trng phi n tng trn hnh nh bng cch thay th cc im nh v bng cch tm v nng cao tng phn. Hiu ng cho php to ra cch vch ngang rt nh trn nh gi lp hiu ng gi tt. IV.15. Hiu ng Mosaic Tiles Hiu ng Mosaic Tiles thuc nhm hiu ng Stylize, y l nhm cc hiu ng cung cp cho hnh nh dng v ca su, tnh trng ca vt cht trong thc t. Hiu ng cho php lm cho hnh nh trng nh c ghp thnh t nhiu mnh nh hoc php lp, ng thi b sung cc k h gia cc mnh. IV.16. V d: T tp tin bt u, thit k thnh thip chc mng. Cho tp tin bt u
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Cho tp tin nh kt qu
Thc hin: Bc 1: To mi tp tin Chn Menu File, chn New. Hp thoi xut hin. Mc Preset chn tp tin kt thc. Bc 2: To lp nn: Chn lp nn. Chn Menu Filter, chn Sketch, chn Note paper. Vi cc thng s nh sau:
Chn nt Create New Layer trn palette layer. 71
Chn Foreground mu trng. Chn c Brush t v ln ba vng mu trng. Thay i m c cho lp ny khong 75 %. Chn nt Create New Layer trn palette layer. Chn Foreground mu tm en. T v ln bn vng mu tm. Thay i m c cho lp ny khong 65 %. Merge cc lp li. Chn Menu Filter, chn cng Texture, chn Mosaic tiles.
nh kt qu:
Bc 3: Sao chp hnh ngi
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Chn cng c Pen tool to ng path bao quanh vng nh ngi, chuyn ng path ny thnh vng chn. Chn cng c Move, drag vng chn sang tp tin mi.
Nhp chut chn cng c Erase vi nt c mm v Opacity thp khong 20%. Xo cc phn xung quanh ca vng nh ngi. Chn Menu Image, chn Adjustment, chn Color Balane thay i mu cho vng nh. Red = 70, yellow = -25. Bc 4: Sao chp hnh chim v hoa hng Ln lt chn cng c sao chp hnh chim v hoa hng. Nhn bn hnh chim v hoa vi s lng cn thit. Bc 5: To vn bn Valentime day: Ch v to trn mt layer mi vi Font l: Vni- Allegie, v Color l mu . Dng ch Alentine day c to trn layer mi vi Font l Vni- linus, mu vng. To hiu ng ni ht cho dng ch Alentine day.
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nh kt qu V. BI TP CHNG 2:
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Bi Tp 2.1:
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Bi Tp 2.2:
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Bi Tp 2.3:
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Bi Tp 2.10:
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Bi Tp 2.11
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Bi Tp 2.12:
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Bi Tp 2.13:
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Bi Tp 2.14:
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Bi Tp 2.16:
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Bi Tp 2.18:
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Chng3: CNG C T V-BIN TP-TO VN BN

Mu sc trong hnh nh l mt yu t v cng quan trng. S vn dng mu sc hi ho, kt hp mu sc ng cch s gp phn to nn s thnh cng cho hnh nh. Th nhng s vn dng cng c t mu cng nh cc cch thc t mu nh th no t c hiu qu cao. Bn cnh Photoshop cung cp cho chng ta nhng cng c chn rt hiu qu to vng chn, tuy nhin i vi nhng vng nh c ng bin phc tp chng ta cn c th s dng cc cng c v vector to vng chn hay s dng cc cng c to hnh thc hin thit k mu thay v ch lm cng vic n thun l bin i nh bitmap. Bn cnh chng ta thy rng, vn bn ng vai tr cng ht sc quan trng, vn bn gip din gii hnh nh ng thi n cng cn c dng trong cc tc phm thin nhiu v vn bn. Trong chng ny chng ta s tm hiu nhng vn sau: M hnh mu v cc loi m hnh Mu. Cng c t mu. T mu bng cng c Gradient tool. T mu bng cng c Fill Tool. Ch ho trn mu. Cng c bin tp hnh nh. Cng c to ng Path Cng c to hnh. Cng c to vn bn Cc c tnh c bn ca vn bn trong Photoshop
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I. KHI NIM M HNH MU TRONG PHOTOSHOP I.1. Cc Khi Nim Model: M hnh mu l mt thut ng m Photoshop dng ch nhng tp hp mu kh dng (cung bc mu) trong mt khong bin thin mu hon chnh ca nhng mu c th c (khng gian mu). Ch mu: L cch thc m Photoshop dng biu din v hn nh mu. Trong Photoshop c 4 m hnh mu kh dng l RGB, CMYK, CIE L*a*b v HSB. Trong Photoshop c cc ch mu sau: Bitmap, Grayscale, Doutone, Indexed Color, RGB Color, CMYK Color, Lab Color v Multichannel. I.2. M Hnh Mu M hnh mu HSB: M hnh mu HSB c to ra da trn s cm nhn ca con ngi v mu sc, th hin 3 c im sau: Hue: Sc - L mu phn x t mt i tng v c o theo v tr trn a mu tiu chun biu th t 0 n 3600. Saturation: bo ho L cng hoc tinh khit ca mu, biu th lng xm t l vi sc c gi tr t 0 n 100%. Trn a mu tiu chun bo ho tng t tm ra ngoi. Brightness: chi L sng ti ca mu c gi tr t 0 n 100%. Chng ta c th s dng m hnh mu HSB xc nh mu, nhng khng th dng hiu chnh mu v khng c ch t mu kh dng tng ng vi m hnh mu ny. M hnh mu RGB M hnh mu RGB c to ra bng cch t hp hay cng vo t ba mu c bn: Red: Mu 94 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Green: mu Xanh da tri Blue: Mu xanh nc bin. y l m hnh c dng hin th trn thit b mn hnh, trn my Scan. M hnh mu CMYK M hnh mu CMYK c to ra da trn c s hp th nh sng ca mc in ln giy bng cch kt hp 4 mu c bn sau: Cyan: Xanh l. Magenta: cnh sen. Yellow: Mu vng. Black: Mu en. Ban u ch c ba mu. Tuy nhin do mc in thng ln cc tp cht nn 3 mu CMY to ra thng c mu bn do ngi ta kt hp thm mu en tng tinh khit mu v to ra mu en tht s trn my in. M hnh mu CIE L*a*b M hnh mu CIE L*a*b c to ra da trn m hnh c y ban quc t v chiu sng (Commission International Eclairage CIE). ngh nm 1931 v c chnh sa li nm 1976. Mu CIE L*a*b c thit k c lp vi mu thit b, gm 3 thnh phn: Luminance: sng. a: t mu lc n . b: Xanh dng n vng y l mu trung gian m Photoshop dng chuyn i qua li gia cc m hnh mu. I.3. Ch Mu Ch mu RGB M hnh mu RGB c ch mu RGB tng ng bng cch t hp ba mu c bn vi nhng cng mu khc nhau. Mi mu c bn c gi tr t 0 n 255. Do s lng mu c trong m hnh mu ny l 255x255x255 mu. Nu tt c 3 gi tr = 0 th cho kt qu l mu en. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 95
Nu cng c gi tr =255 th cho kt qu l mu trng. Nu c gi tr bt k th kt qu l mu xm. Ch mu CMYK Photoshop h tr Ch mu CMYK t m hnh mu CMYK ph hp cho vic in 4 mu. Ch mu LAB Photoshop cung cp cho chng ta ch m Lab t m hnh mu CIE L*a*b th hin mu sc trn ba knh Lightness-a v b. Ch mu GRAYSCALE S dng 256 sc xm. T 0 en n 255 trng. Ch mu DOUTONE Ch Doutone to ra nh Grayscale monotone n sc, doutone 2 mu, tritone 3 mu v quatone 4 mu. Ch mu BITMAP Ch bitmap dng 1 trong 2 gi tr mu en v trng biu th im nh. Ch mu INDEX COLOR Ch mu Index Color s dng 256 mu trong bng d. y l ch gip thu nh kch thc file nh trong khi vn gi nguyn cht lng. Ch mu MULTICHANNEL Ch ny s dng 256 sc xm mi knh. II. NHM CNG C LY MU II.1. CNG C EYEDROPPER TOOL Chc nng: Cng c Eyedropper Tool cho php chng ta ly mu mu cho hp Foreground hoc Background ti v tr click chut. Phm tt: I. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Eye Dropper. Click tri ln vng nh ly mu mu cho Foreground. Nhn gi Alt + Click ly mu cho Background. 96 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Ch : Trong lc s dng cng c t v m lin trc c dng cng c Eyedropper ly mu trong lc chn cng c chng ta c th nhn thm phm Alt ly mu mi. II.2. CNG C COLOR SAMPLER TOOL Chc nng: Cng c Color Sampler Tool cho php chng ta ly thng tin mu mu ti v tr click chut v hin bn Info Palettes. Phm tt: Shift + I. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Color Sampler Tool. Nhp chut ln vng nh ti v tr cn ly mu. III. CC THAO TC T MU III.1. T y Bng Lnh Fill Chc nng: Lnh Fill cho php chng ta t in y theo mu ng nht. Khi thc hin lnh t y, nu c vng chn ang to th lnh Fill s t y vng chn, ngc li n s t y lp hin hnh. Thao tc thc hin: nh sau: Chn menu Edit, chn Fill. Hp thai xut hin. Use:Cch thc chn mu t. Mode: Ch ho trn mu. Opacity: T l m c. Preserve Trasparency: Ch kh dng vi lp bnh thng v khng b kho im nh trong sut. Nu nh du chc nng ny th s bo ton cc im nh trong sut. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 97
Chng ta c th s dng phm tt t nhanh: Nhn Alt + Delete: Use Foreground. Nhn Ctrl + Delete: Use Background. III.2. V Phc Bng Lnh Stroke Chc nng: Lnh Stroke cho php chng ta v phc trn hnh nh. Khi thc hin lnh Stroke v phc, nu c vng chn ang to th lnh Stroke s v theo vng chn, ngc li n s v theo ng ranh gii gia vng khng trong sut v vng trong sut trn lp hin hnh Vi lp Background th lnh Stroke p dng c khi c vng chn. Thao tc thc hin: Chn menu Edit, chn Stroke. Hp thai xut hin. Width: dy nt t. Color: Mu t. Location: V tr t: Mode: Ch ho trn. Opacity: T l m c. Preserve Trasparency: Ch kh dng vi lp bnh thng v khng b xo im nh trong sut. Nu bc du kim s bo ton cc im nh trong sut. III.3. T Mu Chuyn Sc Bng Cng C Gradient Tool Chc nng: Cng c Gadient Tool cho php chng ta t mu chuyn sc cho vng chn hay lp da trn kiu mu c sn hay thit lp mi. 98 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Thao tc thc hin: t mu chuyn sc: To vng chn hay chn lp hin hnh. Chn cng c Gradient Tool. Chn mu t v xc lp cc chc nng trn thanh tu chn. Chn mu t
Chn kiu chuyn sc:
Xc lp cc tham s: Drag chut ln vng chn hay layer thc hin t mu. To mi mu Gradient: to mi mu t ta thc hin nh sau:
Nhp chut tri vo mu t trn thanh Option. Hp thai xut hin, xc lp cc thuc tnh sau: Chn mu c sn hiu chnh. 99
Chn Name nhp tn mu t. Thit lp im dng v t mu cho im dng: Nhp p ln thanh ngang thm im chuyn mu. Nhp p chut tri ln im chuyn mu ri chn mt mu cho im ny. Gradient Type l kiu mu t. Xo mt im chuyn: Chn im chuyn nhn phm delete xa. III.4. T Mu Bng cng C Paint Pucket Tool Chc nng: Cng c Paint Pucket Tool cho php chng ta t y vng chn hoc lp hin hnh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Paint Bucket Tool. Phm tt: G. To vng chn hoc lp mi. Xc lp cc tu chn trn thanh Option: Opacity: m c v trong sut. Flow: Cng phun mu. Chn kiu t l mu Foreground hay mu Pattern. Nhp chut ln vng chn hoc lp. IV. CH HA TRN MU IV.1. Khi Nim Ch ho trn mu l phng thc ch ra s tc ng ca mu mi ln cc mu hin c trong hnh nh khi thc hin cc thao tc t v bin tp v hiu chnh hnh nh. Khi ni n phng thc ho trn mu chng ta cn bit ti cc loi mu sau: Mu C s: L mu hin c ca hnh nh. Mu ho trn: L mu c p dng thng qua t v v bin tp hnh nh. Mu kt qu: L mu c to thnh sau khi ho trn. 100 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
IV.2. Cc Phng Thc Ha Trn Mu Ch Normal: Thay ton b mu c s bng mu ho trn cho cc pixel ti vng thao tc hiu chnh. Ch Dissolve: Trn ngu nhin mu c s v mu ho trn theo nhng cng khc nhau tu thuc vo m c ca tng Pixel. Ch Behind: Ch b sung mu ho trn vo nhng Pixel trong sut khng nh hng ti cc Pixel mu. Ch ny ch p dng c i vi nhng lp khng kho mc Lock transparent pixels. Ch Clear: Chuyn Pixel thnh trong sut. Ch ny ch kh dng i vi Line Tool. Ch Multiply: Xem thng tin mu trong tng knh v nhn kt qu nghch o ca mu ho trn vi mu c s to mu kt qu sm hn. Nhn mt mu vi mu en s to ra mu en, nhn mt mu vi mu trng s gi nguyn mu . Ch Screen: Xem thng tin mu trong tng knh v nhn kt qu nghch o ca mu ho trn vi mu c s to mu kt qu nht hn. Lc mt mu vi mu en s to ra mu . Lc mt mu vi mu trng s ra mu trng. Ch Overlay: Nhn hoc lc mu ca tng Pixel tu theo mu c s ng thi vn gi nguyn sng ti mu c s. Ch Soft Light: Lm sm mu nu mu ho trn sm hn 50% xm v lm sng mu nu mu ho trn sng hn 50%. Ch Hard Light: Tc dng tng t nh Soft Light nh th hn. T v vi mu en hay my trng thun s c mu en hoc mu trng thun. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 101
Ch Color Dodge: Xem thng tin mu trong tng knhv lm sng mu c s phn nh mu ho trn. Ho trn vi mu en s khng l thay i g c. Ch Color Burn: Xem thng tin mu trong tng knhv lm ti mu c s phn nh mu ho trn. Ho trn vi mu trng s khng l thay i g c. Ch Darken: Xem thng tin mu trong tng knh v ch thay th nhng pixel sng hn mu ho trn cn Pixel ti hn mu ho trn s khng thay i. Ch Lighten: Xem thng tin mu trong tng knh v ch thay th nhng Pixel ti hn, cn pixel sng hn mu ho trn s khng thay i. Ch Difference: Xem thng tin mu trong tng knh v tr mu ho trn khi mu c s hoc ngc li tu theo mu no sng hn. Ho trn mu trng s lm nghch o mu c s. Cn ho tr!n vi mu en s khng to nn s thay i. Ch Exclusion: Tng t nh Difference nhng du hn. Ch Hue: To mu kt qu vi chi v bo ho ca mu c s nhng vi sc ca mu ho trn. Ch Saturation: To mu kt qu vi chi v sc ca mu c s nhng vi d bo ho ca mu ho trn. Ch Color: To mu kt qu vi chi ca mu c s nhng vi sc v bo ho ca mu ho trn. Ch Luminosity: 102 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
To mu kt qu vi sc v bo ho ca mu c s nhng vi chi ca mu ho trn. IV.3. Chuyn i Ch Mu Chuyn hnh nh sang ch mu RGB Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn RGB Color Chuyn hnh nh sang ch mu CMYK Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn CMYK Color Chuyn hnh nh sang ch mu LAB Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn LAB Color Chuyn hnh nh mu sang ch mu Grayscale Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn Grayscale. Hp thai xut hin chn OK. Chuyn hnh nh Bitmap sang ch mu Grayscale Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn Grayscale. Hp thai xut hin, nhp kch c chuyn i (t 1 n 16), chn OK. Chuyn hnh nh sang ch mu Doutone Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn Grayscale. Hp thai xut hin, xc lp thng s: Type: Chn ch mu. Chn mu mc. Hiu chnh ng cong phn phi mu mc. Chn OK. Chuyn hnh nh sang ch mu Bitmap Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn Bitmap. Hp thai xut hin, xc lp thng s, chn OK. Chuyn hnh nh sang ch mu Indexed Color Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn Indexed Color. Hp thai xut hin, xc lp thng s, chn OK. Chuyn hnh nh sang ch mu Multichannel Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 103
Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn Multichannel. Hp thai xut hin, xc lp thng s, chn OK. V. CNG C T V BIN TP HNH NH V.1. Cc Bc Thc Hin T V Bin Tp Hnh nh Khi s dng cc cng c t v bin tp hnh nh, chng ta c th tin hnh theo cc bc sau Bc 1: Chn cng c mun s dng. Bc 2: C th chn li mu Foreground v Background. Bc 3: C th chn li mu nt c, v chn li cc chc nng trn thanh Option Bar. Bc 4: Thc hin drag chut t v bin tp nh. V.2. Gii Thiu Hp Thoi C Brush
M tt hp thai vo Menu Window, chn Brush. 104 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
V.3. Cng C C Brush Chc nng: Cho php t mu ln b mt rng vi mu l mu ca Foreground. Nt c c ra mm du hoc ra sc nt. Thao tc thc hin Thit lp mu Foreground. Chn cng c Brush tool. Phm tt: B. Xc lp cc tu chn trn thanh tu chn: Brush: rng ca nt c v kiu c. Mode: Ch ho trn mu. Opacity: m c ca mu c. Flow: Ap lc phun mu.
Nhp chut ln vng nh thc hin bin tp hnh nh. V.4. Nhm Cng C Xa nh Cng c Erase Tool: Chc nng: Cho php xa vng nh da theo nt co ti v tr nhp chut. Nu l lp nn khi xo im nh s li mu Background. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Eraser tool. Phm tt: E. Xc lp li ty chn trn thanh Option: Opacity: m c v trong sut. Loi c: Ra sc nt v ra mm du. Drag chut qua cc im cn xo. Cng c Magic Erase: Chc nng: Cho php xa vng nh c mu tng ng vi mu ti v tr nhp chut. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Magic Erase tool. Phm tt: E.
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Xc lp cc tu chn: Tolerance: rng ca vng ty. Anti aliased: Ch kh rng ca. Use All Layer: p dng cho cc layer kh kin. Nhp chut ln vng nh cn xo. Xo vng nh bng phn Delete To vng chn trn vng nh cn xo. Nhn phm Delete. V.5. Cng C Sao Chp Mu Clone Stamp Chc nng: Cng c Clone Stamp hay cn gi l cng c ng du. Cng c ny cho php chng ta sao chp mt vng nh ri t v cho vng nh khc. Cng c Lone Stamp thng c dng chp v hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Clone Stamp. Phm tt l S. Nhn gi phm Alt ng thi kch chut ln vng nh cha mu cn sao chp. Th phm Alt, nhp tri chut t v ln vng nh cn chp v mu. Thc hin ly mu ri chp v nh mt cch lin tc. V.6. Cng C Patch Tool Chc nng: Cng c Patch Tool cho php chng ta chp gi mt vng nh h bng mt vng nh c cht lng tt trong phm vi vng chn to. Cng c Patch Tool cng thng c dng chp v v hiu chnh hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Patch Tool. Phm tt l J.
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Drag chut to vng chn bao quanh vng nh cn chnh sa (thng th rng va vi vng nh mu). Nhn gi chut tri drag th vng chn sang vng nh mu c cht lng tt. V.7. Cng C Pen Tool Chc Nng: Cng c Pen Tool thng c dng to ng bin sau chuyn thnh vng chn chn nhng vng nh c bin kh chn bng nhng cng c chn. c bit Path c to bng Pen Tool c th hiu chnh d dng nh i tng Bezier ca CorelDRAW. Cho php v cc on ng path thng. V cc a gic bng cch ni cc on li. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Pen tool. Phm tt l Ctrl + P. Chn tu chn trn thanh Option: Shape Layer: S to ra lp hnh nh, trong khi v to lp mi ng thi hnh c t mu nu v dng a gic knh. Path: To ng bin. Thng chn Path. Nhp chut v i tng ging nh thc hin v bng cng c Bezier trong CorelDRAW. Ch : Khi thc hin v path bng cng c Pen, n s c qun l bi Palette Path. V.8. Cng C Add Anchor Point Tool Chc nng: Cho php thm im trn cc on Path ng thi c th ko di cc im thc hin uncong Path. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Add Anchor Point tool. Nhp chut ln ng path ng thi c th ko di im ny n v tr mi. Nhp chut ln cc thanh iu khin un cong path. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 107
Nu mun xa im node no ch vic nhp phi ln im ri chn Delete. VI. MI QUAN H GIA NG PATH V VNG CHN VI.1. Chuyn Path Thnh Vng Chn Thao tc thc hin Nhp chut phi ln ng path trong Palette Path, chn Make Selection. Hp thai xut hin: Thit lp Feather. nhe bin chn. Chn OK. VI.2. Chuyn Vng Chn Thnh Path Thao tc thc hin Nhp phi chut ln bin vng chn, chn Make Work Path. Thit lp Tolerance: Thit lp dung sai. Chn OK. VI.3. Xa Path Thao tc thc hin Nhp phi chut ln Path trong Palette Path. Chn Delete path. VI.4. To Mi Mu Pattern Chc nng: Cho php chng ta nh ngha mi mt mu t thay v chn mu t Foreground hay Background hay mu ng nht. Thng thng chng ta thng nh ngha mi mu t nhiu mu trong Gradient, hoc mu t theo vng nh c sn - Mu t Pattern. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c chn. To vng chn trn vng hnh nh mun lm mu. Chn Menu Edit, chn Define Pattern. Xc lp cc tu chn: Name: Tn mu. Chn Ok. 108 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
VI.5. To V D V Cng C T V Bin Tp Yu cu: T nhng tp tin ban u hy thit k li Thip Hoa: Cc tp tin nh bt u:
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Tp tin nh kt thc:
Thc hin: Bc 1: To tp tin mi Chn tp tin kt thc c tn ThiepHoa. Chn Menu Window, chn tp tin kt qu. Chn Ok. Bc 2: To lp nn Nhp chut chn cng c Gradient Tool. Chn mu t trn thanh Option, chn li mt mu. nh ngha li l 3 mu: Yellow Green Blue. Chn Ok.
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Thc hin t mu ln tp tin mi. Drag chut t gc trn bn tri xung gc di bn phi.
Chn cng c Elliptical Marquee tool ng thi nhn gi phm Shift drag chut to vng chn trn lp nn. Nhp chut ln lp nn, chn Layer via copy. t tn lp l Layer1. 111
To hiu ng cho Layer1. Load vng chn ca Layer1, chn Menu Filter, chn Distort, chn Zizag vi thng s: Amount = 35; Ridges = 10 Bc 3: To thc phim: Chn cng c Rectagular Marquee tool, drag chut to mt vng chn gc trn bn tri ca lp nn. Nhp chut vo nt Create new Layer trn palette layer. Chn cng c Paint Bucket tool t mu cho vng chn ny mu trng
Chn cng c Move ng thi nhn gi phm Alt sau chp cc l phim cn li. Lu trong qu trnh di chuyn ta c th nhn phm Shift di chuyn thng. Sau khi to c dy l phim bn tri ta chn cng c Move ng thi cng nhn t hp phm Alt + Shift drag chut sau chp dy l phim cn i pha bn phi. Merge layer1 v layer2 li bng cc vo menu Layer, chn Merge down. Bc 4: Sao chp cc vng hoa t trong thc phim 112 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Chn cng c Rectangular Marquee tool, drag chut ln vng hoa trong tp tin Hoa Vantho to thnh vng chn. Chn cng c Move drag th vng chn sang tp tin mi. Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + T thu nh kch thc vng nh li cho va vi rng ca thc phim. t vng nh vo ng v tr trong thc phim. Thc hin tng t cho cc mu hoa cn li.
Bc 5: To hiu ng cho lp hoa sen Chn tp tin hoa sen, chn cng c Move drag th ton b vng nh hoa sen sang tp tin mi c Layer7 Di chuyn vng nh ng v tr trong tp tin mi. Chn Menu Filter, chn Distort, chn Twirl vi thng s Angle khong 50.
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Bc 6: To ch Happy Chn cng c Horizontal Type Mask Tool. Xc lp li Font Vni Cooper, chn Size 48. Nhp chut ln vng nh, nhp vo dng ch HAPPY. Chn cng c Gradient tool, chn mu mu t:
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Chn nt Create New layer trn Palette Layer to lp mi Layer8. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Drag chut t tri sang phi t mu cho vng ch. Chn menu Filter, chn noise, chn Add noise ht cho vng ch. Vi Amount = 40; Uniform Chn Menu Layer, chn Layer Style, chn chc nng Bevel and Emboss. Xc lp cc thng s:
Bc 7: To ch New year nh ngha mu t: Chn cng c Rectangular Marquee tool drag chut to vng chn trn file Runghoa. Chn Edit, chn Define Pattern, chn Ok. Chn cng c Horizontal Type Mask Tool. Xc lp li Font Vni Franko, chn Size 48. Nhp chut ln vng nh. Nhp vo dng ch NEW YEAR. Chn nt Create New layer trn Palette Layer to lp mi tn l Layer9 Chn cng c Paint Bucket tool t mu. Chn kiu t l pattern, chn mu t va nh ngha, nhp chut vo vng ch t. To hiu ng chm ni Bevel and Emboss cho ch New Year tng t nh ch HAPPY. Thc hin to hiu ng bng cho dng ch New year: Chn menu layer, chn Layer Style, chn Draop Shadow. Xc lp cc thng s: Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 115
Nhn t hp phm Ctrl + T quay v thay i kch thc ca ch New Year cho ph hp.
nh kt thc 116 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
VII. TO VN BN TRONG PHOTOSHOP C th ni vn bn l mt trong nhng yu t rt quan trng gp phn to nn tnh a dng cho hnh nh v ng thi cng minh ha din gii cho hnh nh. Vn bn trong photoshop chia lm hai thnh phn: dng vn bn v on vn bn. Ngoi ra chng ta c th s dng cc hiu ng p dng cho i tng vn bn to nn nhng bin i c bit. Trong chng ny chng ta s tm hiu cc vn sau. Cng c Horizontal Type Tool: Cho php chng ta to vn bn theo phng ngang. Khi s dng cng c ny nhp vn bn photoshop t ng to lp mi. Cng c Vertical Type Tool: Cho php chng ta to vn bn theo phng ng. Khi s dng cng c ny nhp vn bn photoshop t ng to lp mi. Cng c Horizontal Type Mask Tool: y thc cht l vng chn c hnh vn bn c nhp vo theo phng ngang. Khi s dng cng c ny to vng chn Photoshop khng to lp mi m s to vng chn trn lp hin hnh. Cng c Vertital Type Mask Tool: y thc cht l vng chn c hnh vn bn c nhp vo theo phng ng. Khi s dng cng c ny to vng chn Photoshop khng to lp mi m s to vng chn trn lp hin hnh. VII.1. Phng Php To Vn Bn thm vn bn vo hnh nh chng ta th hin nh sau: Chn cng c Type Tool. Phm tt (T). nhp dng vn bn: Kch vo v tr bt k trn hnh nh, Xc lp cc thng s trn thanh Option. nhp on vn bn: Kch vo v tr bt k trn hnh nh drag chut sang gc i din to thnh khung vn bn, Xc lp cc thng s trn thanh Option. M Palette Paragraph m hp thai hiu chnh vn bn. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 117
Font: Chn kiu ch. Size: nh kch thc. Character Palette: Thit lp cc Style ch. Tracking: nh khong cch gia cc k t vi nhau trong mt dng. Baseline shift: nh khong cch gia dng ch vi ng c s ca dng . Leading: nh khong cch gia cc dng ch trong mt on vn bn. Color: Mu ca ch. Vertical Scale: Thu hoc ko dn ch theo chiu dc. Horizontai Scale: Thu/ ko gin ch theo chiu ngang. Paragraph Palette: Thit lp vn bn trn on: Left align text: Canh tri vn bn. Center text: Canh gia vn bn. Right align text: Canh phi vn bn. Justify last left: Canh thng hng hai bn, tr dng cui canh tri. Justify last centered: Canh thng hng hai bn, tr dng cui canh gia. Justify last right: Canh thng hng hai bn, tr dng cui canh phi. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
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Justify all: Canh thng hng hai bn bt buc, k c dng cui cng. To vn bn xong chn li cng c Move. VII.2. Chuyn Lp Ch Sang Lp nh chuyn i lp ch sang lp nh ta thc hin nh sau: Nhp phi chut lp lp ch trong palette layer, chn Rasterize layer. VII.3. p Dng Style nh Sn Cho Ch p dng style nh sn cho mt vng chn hoc mt lp ta thc hin nh sau: To vng chn trn lp mi hoc trn lp nh bt k. Chn Palette Style, Chn chc nng cn p dng. Cch ti Style v Palette style: Nhp chut vo Menu Style gc trn bn phi ca palette. Chn Load style, hp thai xut hin ch tn ca nhm style cn Load. Chn Ok. VII.4. p Dng Layer Style Cho Vn Bn
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to hiu ng ch bng cch p dng chc nng Layer style ta thc hin nh sau: Chn vn bn to trong mt layer. Chn Menu layer, chn Layer Style. Hp thai xut hin, chn chc nng cn p dng. VII.5. Un Cong Vn Bn Un cong vn bn ngha l chng ta lm bin dng theo loi hnh dng, chng hn hnh cung hoc hnh gn sng. Kiu un cong m chng ta c th chn l mt thuc tnh ca lp ch, c th thay i kiu un cong bt c lc no cn thay i dng un. Ty chn un ch gip iu khin chnh xc hng v phi cnh. Kiu un cong p dng cho tt c ch trn lp ch, khng th un nhng ch khng c chn d kiu un p dng cho lp ch. Chng ta khng th chnh kch c hay bin nh khung gii hn cho ch dng on. Cc hnh kiu ch un cong c trong Photoshop.
Thao tc thc hin un cong ch: Chn lp ch. Chn cng c Type, nhp vo chc nng Wrap text trn thanh Option. Chn layer -> Type -> Wrap text. Hp thai xut hin: Chn kiu un cong ch t menu style. Chn hng un ch: Horizontal hoc Vertical. Chn Blend nh mc un ch. 120 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Horizontal Distortion v Vertical Distortion p dng. phi cnh cho ch. Nhp OK. Thao tc thc hin thi un cong ch: Chn lp ch b un. Chn cng c Type v nhp vo Wrap Text trn thanh Option hoc chn Layer -> Type -> wrap Text. Chn None. Nhp OK. VII.6. V D V To Vn Bn S dng cng c to vn bn kt hp vi b lc to dng ch la bc chy: Flamming Bc 1: M mi tp tin Width = 15; Height = 10; Resolution = 72; Color Mode: Grayscale; Background Contain = White Bc 2: i mu Background Chn Background mu en Nhn Ctrl + Delete hoc t vi mu en. Bc 3: Nhp vn bn
Chn cng c Horizontal Type Mask Tool Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
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Font: Arial Black; Font style: Regular; Font size: Va ln. Nhp vo dng ch: FLAMMING Dng cc phm di Chuyn dng ch ra gia Canvas. T mu cho dng ch mu trng Bc 4: M rng bin dng ch Chn Menu Select, chn Modify, chn Expend ( 2 Pixel). Bc 5: Lu vng chn Chn Menu Select, chn save Selection. Thi chn, Ctrl + D. Bc 6: Quay Canvas Chn Menu Image, chn Rotate Canvas, chn 900 CW. Bc 7: To gi cho dng ch Chn Menu Filter, chn Stylize, chn Wind. Phng thc Method = Wind.
Hng gi Direction = From the Right. Chn Ok. p dng thm hiu ng khong 3 ln. (Ctrl + F). Chn Menu Image, chn Rotate Canvas, chn 900 CCW. Bc 8: To hiu ng phn tn im nh 122 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Chn Menu Filter, chn Stylize, chn Diffuse. Chn Mode: Normal. Chn Ok.
Bc 9: To hiu ng lm m im nh Chn Menu Filter, chn Blur, chn Graussian Blur.
Chn Radius = 2 Pixel. Chn Ok. Bc 10: To hiu ng rng ca cho nh Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 123
Chn Menu Filter, chn Distort, chn Ripple. Chn Amount = 100. Chn Size = Medium. Chn Ok.
p dng thm hiu ng Ripple mt ln na ( nhn Ctrl + F). Bc 11: Load vng chn
Chn Menu Selecet, chn Load Selecetion, chn knh mu 1 Chn Ok. T mu en cho vng chn. B chn. Bc 12: To hiu ng rng ca cho nh Chn Menu Filter, chn Distort, chn Ripple. 124 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Chn Amount = 100. Chn Size= Medium. Chn Ok.
p dng thm hiu ng Ripple 2 ln: Ctrl + F. Bc 12: Chuyn sang ch mu Index Color
Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn index Color. Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chnColor Table: Thit lp mc Table: Black body. Chn Ok.
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Chng 4: HIU CHNH HNH NH
Hnh nh l mt lu nim v gi. Hnh nh cng c lu gi k v cng qu bo hn, khi l tm nh c nht v nh cn xt li. Hiu chnh nh en trng l qu trnh thc hin mt chui cc thao tc bin i chnh sa cc hnh nh b bn hay ty xt hoc m i do thi gian hay do ct gi khng k. Bn cnh , s xut hin ca cng ngh k thut s gp phn to nn s a dng trong th gii nh. ng thi nhu cn cn chnh li nhng hnh nh sau khi chp b d mu hoc d sng hay xo i nhng khim khuyt trn hnh nh c Photoshop p ng mt cch tha ng. Trong chng ny chng ta s tm hiu nhng vn sau: Cng c hiu chnh nh en trng. Cc lnh hiu chnh nh en trng. Hiu chnh tng mu cho hnh nh Hiu chnh sc mu i mu cho vng nh Phc ch nh en trng sang mu Gii thiu Plugin Hiu chnh hnh nh bng Plugin Cc lnh hiu chnh hnh nh nng cao
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I. S DNG CNG C CHNH SA HNH NH I.1. Ch : Trong qu trnh thc hin hiu chnh hnh nh chng ta cn tun th mt s gi sau: Khng chnh sa trc tip trn nh gc m phi sao chp thnh mt bn d phng Khng chnh sa trc tip trn Layer background m phi to vng chn ri to Layer via Copy sao chp thm mt Layer kh hiu chnh. I.2. Nhc Li Cng C Sao Chp Mu Clone Stamp Chc nng: Cng c Clone Stamp hay cn gi l cng c ng du. Cng c ny cho php chng ta sao chp mt vng nh ri t v cho vng nh khc. Cng c Lone Stamp thng c dng chp v hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Clone Stamp. Phm tt l S. Nhn gi phm Alt ng thi kch chut ln vng nh cha mu cn sao chp. Th phm Alt, nhp tri chut t v ln vng nh cn chp v mu. Thc hin ly mu ri chp v nh mt cch lin tc. I.3. Nhc Li Cng C Patch Tool Chc nng: Cng c Patch Tool cho php chng ta chp gi mt vng nh h bng mt vng nh c cht lng tt trong phm vi vng chn to. Cng c Patch Tool cng thng c dng chp v v hiu chnh hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Patch Tool. Phm tt l J. Drag chut to vng chn bao quanh vng nh cn chnh sa (thng th rng va vi vng nh mu). Nhn gi chut tri drag th vng chn sang vng nh mu c cht lng tt. 144 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
I.4. Cng C Blur Chc nng: Dng lm m vng nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Blur. Phm tt: R. Xc lp cc tu chn trn thanh Option: Brush: Ni cha cc loi c & kiu c khc nhau. Mode : Ch ha trn ca cng c. Use All Layer: Lm m hnh nh c cha trong cc layer ang hin th. Drag chut lin tc trn hnh nh. I.5. Cng c Sharpen Chc nng: Dng lm sc nt bin mu hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Sharpen. Phm tt: Shift + R. Xc lp cc tu chn trn thanh Option: Brush: Ni cha cc loi c & kiu c khc nhau. Mode: Ch ha trn ca cng c. Pressure: Cng phun ca cng c. Use All Layer: Lm m hnh nh c cha trong cc layer ang hin th. Drag chut lin tc trn hnh nh ti vng bin i. I.6. Cng C Smudge Chc nng: Dng qut mu pha ln vi nhau. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Smudge tool. Phm tt: Shift + R. Xc lp cc tu chn trn thanh Option: Brush: Ni cha cc loi c & kiu c khc nhau. Mode: Ch ha trn ca cng c. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 145
Pressure: Cng phun ca cng c. Use All Layer: Lm m hnh nh c cha trong cc layer ang hin th. Drag chut ko mit vng nh sang vng nh khc. I.7. Cng c Dodge Chc nng: Dng lm tng sng cho hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Dodge. Phm tt: O. Xc lp cc tu chn trn thanh Option: Brush: Ni cha cc loi c & kiu c khc nhau. Range: Cho php xc nh vng no ca hnh nh s b nh hng. Shadow: Vng ti. Midtone: Trung bnh. Highlight: Vng sng. Exposure: Xc nh sng, gi tr cng ln hiu ng cng mnh. Drag chut ln trn vng nh cn bin i. I.8. Cng C Burn Chc nng: Lm ti hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Burn Tool. Phm tt: Shift + O. Xc lp cc tu chn tn thanh option: Exposure: Ch mc tng ti. Drag chut ln vng nh cn bin i. I.9. Cng c Sponge Chc nng: Dng bin i mu sc ca hnh nh bo ha hn hoc rc r hn. 146 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Thao tc thc hin Chn cng c Sponge Tool. Phm tt: Shift + O. Xc lp cc tu chn trn thanh option: Brush: Ni cha cc loi c & kiu c khc nhau. Mode: Desaturate: Ty chn ny cho php lm gim cng mu (mu sc chuyn dn qua xm). Saturate: Ty chn ny cho php lm tng cng mu (mu sc rc r). Pressure: Cng tc ng ln vng hnh nh cho mi ln ko chut. Drag chut qua vng nh cn bin i. II. S DNG LNH HIU CHNH NH EN TRNG II.1. Lnh Level Chc nng: Lnh Level c dng hiu chnh tng mu mc xm trung bnh Gamma cho hnh nh..
Thao tc thc hin Chn lp nh cn hiu chnh. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
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Chn Menu Layer, chn Adjustment layer, chn Level. Hp thai xut hin: Nt tam gic mu en: i din cho tng mu ti Shadow Nt tam gic mu trng: i din cho tng mu nt sng Highlight Nt tam gic mu xm: i din cho tng mu trung bnh Midtone. Thao tc thc hin: Chn lnh Level, hp thai xut hin Kch & di chuyn nt tam gic nm gia trong ba nt trong biu Input Levels. Nu di chuyn v pha bn phi hnh nh s ti hn. ngc lai nu di chuyn v pha bn tri ca hp thai, hnh nh s sng hn. Kch vo nt OK. Lu : Thng thng dng cng c Eyedropper thit lp cc im en trng tuyt i ci thin tng mu cho hnh nh. II.2. Lnh Cuves Chc nng: Hiu chnh ng b cc mc sng - ti - trung bnh. Thao tc thc hin Chn lp nh mun p dng. Chn Menu Image, chn Adjustment, chn lnh Curves. Di chuyn con tr v kch lan ng th (ng xin t gc di tri n gc tri phi). S xut hin mt nt vung trn ng th . Kch chut vo nt vung v r chut theo hng tri l tng sc sng. Ngc li kch vo nt vung & r chut theo hng di phi lm tng sc ti. Nhp chut vo nt OK.
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II.3. Lnh Brightness/ Contrast Chc nng: Hiu chnh sc sng ti v cng tng phn trong hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin Chn lp nh cn hiu chnh. Chn Menu Image, chn Adjustment, chn lnh Brighness/ contrast.
Di chuyn con trt ca thanh Brighness, nu sang bn tri lm ti hnh nh, ngc li, sang phi lm sng hnh nh.
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Di chuyn con trt ca thanh Contrast, nu sang bn tri lm gim tng phn hnh nh. Ngc lai, sang bn phi lm tng tng phn trong hnh nh. Chn OK II.4. Lnh Desaturate Chc nng: Cho php chng ta chuyn i hnh nh mu sang en trng ng thi vn gi ch mu vn c ca hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin: Chn lp nh cn bin i. Chn menu Images, chn Adjustment, chn Desaturate. II.5. V D: Hiu Chnh nh en Trng Yu cu: Cho file nh Bt u v kt thc nh hnh bn di. Hy s dng cc cng c v cc chc nng hiu chnh nh bt u gn ging vi nh kt qu nht.
Thc hin: 150 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Bc 1: Sao chp lp anh t lp nn Nhp chut th lp background vo nt Create New layer. t tn lp l LopHinh. Bc 2: Chuyn i lp nh v ch mu en trng. Chn Menu Image, chn Mode, chn Gayscale. Bc 3: Thay i sng v tng phn cho vng nh Chn Menu Image, chn chc nng Adjustment, chn Brightness/ Contract. Vi cc thng s c xc lp nh sau:
nh kt qu:
Bc 3 Bc 4 Bc 4: Chp v nhng vng nh b hng bng cng Nhp chut chn cng c Clone Stamp trn thanh cng c. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 151
Nhn gi phm Alt ng thi nhp chut vo vng nh p c mu gn vi mu vng cn chp v sau th chut ra ln lt drag chut qua cc vng nh cn v. Nu cn thit ta c th nhn gi phm Alt ly mu li. Bc 5: Lm m du vng da mt bng cng c Blur Chn cng c Blur tool trn hp cng c. Drag chut ln vng da mt. Ta c th thay i cc thng s trn thanh Option Strength = 50% v loi c mm du c t c th tc ng nh hn. Gim ti thm mt chc bng lnh Brightness/ Contract. Quan st v tinh chnh thm. nh kt qu III. CC LNH HIU CHNH NH MU III.1. Lnh Color Balance Chc nng: Dng cn bng mu sc. Thao tc thc hin: Chn lp nh cn hiu chnh. Chn menu Image, chn Adjustment, chn color Balance. Phm tt l Ctrl + B. Kim nhn mt trong ba gi tr khu vc Tone Balance. Shadows: Sc ti. Midtones: Sc trung bnh. Highlights: Sc sng. Preserve 1unminosity: Ty chn ny cho php duy tr sng. 152 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Di chuyn ba thanh trt trong khu vc Color Blance Cyan: Mu xanh da tri. Red: Mu . Magenta: Mu tm. Green: Mu xanh lc. Yel1ow: Mu vng. Blue: Mu xanh dng.
Kch nt OK. III.2. Lnh Hue/ Saturation Chc nng: Hiu chnh mu & bo ha mu cho hnh nh. Thao tc thc hin: Chn lp nh cn p dng. Chn Menu: Image, chn Adjustment, chn Hue/ Saturation Phm tt (Ctrl+U). Hp thoi xut hin: Chn mu p dng. Trong trnh n s ca Edit, ta chn mt mu bt k, chng hn nh Red (). Khi hiu chnh, ta tc 153
ng ln nhm mu thuc tone mu . Tt c cc mu cn li gi nguyn trng thi ban u. Di chuyn cc thanh trt trong bng Hue/Saturation. Hue: Hiu chnh mu sc mu. Saturation: Hiu chnh bo ha. Lightness: Hiu chnh mt t gi tr sng ti.
III.3. Lnh Variations Chc nng: Bin i hnh en trng sang mu. Chuyn i hnh nh en trng sang hnh nh mu l mt vic khng th thiu trong lnh vc nhip nh. Chng ta dng lnh Variations lm thay i ton b tone xm sang ch mu. Thao tc thc hin: Chn lp nh cn p dng. Chn Menu: Image, chn Adjustment, chn lnh Variation.
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Nhp chut ln nhng mu mu. Chn OK. Ch : Khu vc c hai mu nm trn cng: Original: Mu hnh nh ban u Current pick: mu hnh nh kt qu Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 155
Tng gim mu: More green: Thm mu xanh lc More yellow: Thm mu vng More Red: Thm mu More Magenta: thm mu xanh dng More Blue: thm mu xanh da tri Khu vc c 3 mu nm bn phi gip ta thay i sng ti. Lighter: thm sc sng. Darker: thm sc ti. Current Pick: Kt qu iu chnh sng ti.
III.4. V D Hiu Chnh nh Mu: Yu Cu: Hy thc hin chuyn i nh en trng sau sang nh mu:
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Thc hin: Bc 1: Chun b hnh nh To vng chn trn vng hnh nh en trng. M mi Canvas cng kch thc vi vng chn. Dn ni dung nh chp vo Canvas mi.
Bc 2: Chuyn i mu chai nc Chn cng c Lasso to vng chn quanh ci chai Nhp phi chut ln Layer va to. Chn Layer via copy. t tn lp l: chai Chn Menu Image, chn Adjustment, chn Color Balance Tng gi tr mu Blue = 100 v Green = 15
Chn menu Image, Adjustment, Brightness and Contract Nhp gi tr Brightness = -35, contract = 15 Chn cng c Erase xo vng nh tha. Bc 3: Chuyn i mu o Chn cng c lasso tool, tao vng chn quanh vng o.
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Chn ng layer Anhbandau, nhp phi ln layer ny chn Layer via copy. t tn lp mi l Ao. Chn menu Image, chn Adjustment, chn Color Balance. Hiu chnh gi tr mu:Geen = 100; Cyan= -60.
Chn cng c Erase xo phn tha Bc 4: Hiu chnh c o Thc hin bin i c o tng t nh mu o. Thit lp cc thng s vi cc gi tr: Cyan = -100 Green = 60 Blue = 100. Chn cng c Erase Xa vng tha.
Bc 5: Chuyn i mu Tc Lu : Khi thc hin chuyn i mu tc trong trng hp ny chng ta phi chn lun phn nh nn gi c nguyn vn tc mai.
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Thc hin chuyn mu cng tng t nh mu o, vi cc thng s xc lp nh sau: Red = yellow = 100, Green = 5. Sau chnh vng hightlights vi Red=20; Yellow = 40. Chn Menu Image, chn Adjustment, chn Brightnes and contract vi gi tr l -50 v 15. Thc hin to vng chn v to lp mi cho vng mt tng t nh to lp o v lp ny c tn l Mat. Thc hin chn Menu Image, chn Adjust-, chn Color Balance vi cc thng s sau: R= 100; M = -15 Y = - 85. Thc hin xo cc phn tha quanh vng da mt. Chn cng c blur tool nhp chn vng da mt tng mn vng mt.
Bc 6: Chuyn i mu vng da mt
Bc 7: i mu mi Thc hin i mu vng mi tng t nh cc vng mu khc dng chc nng Hue Saturation vi cc thng s: chn Colorize, Hue = 360, saturation = 40, Brightness = 21. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 159
Bc 8: i mu mt: Thc hin chuyn mu con mt tng t nh cc chuyn mu cc vng nh khc, thng s: Blue = 30, Green = 45. Tinh chnh li tt c cc thnh phn cui cng. Xem nh kt qu.
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IV. BI TP CHNG 4: Bi Tp 4.1:
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Bi Tp 4.2:
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Bi Tp 4.3:
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Bi Tp 4.4:
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Bi Tp 4.5:
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Bi Tp 4.6:
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Bi Tp 4.7:
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Bi Tp 4.8:
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Chng 5: THIT K GIAO DIN WEBSITE

Website l mt ng dng chy trn mng(Client-Server), c chia s khp ton cu. Thng qua Website ngi ta c th chia s thng tin, d liu, trao i hay mua bn hng ha, dch v m nhng khch hng v ngi ch khng cn thit phi gp nhau tn mt. Ngy nay khi thit k mt Website, ngi ta thng s dng Table trnh by Layout cho cc Webpage. y l mt thun li trong vic b cc hnh nh. Chng ny chng ta s nghin cu cc ni dung chnh: Gii thiu v Website. Mi quan h gia thit k ha v thit k Website. Xc nh kch thc cc thnh phn ca Website. Thit k giao din Website. Phn chia vng v kt xut hnh nh.
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I. GII THIU WEBSITE I.1. V D
I.2. Cc Thnh Phn Ca Mt Web Pages Khi quan st mt Webpage, chng ta thng bt gp cc thnh phn sau: Banner: Bannner trn nh, thng cha Logo, hnh nh v tiu ca Website. Left Menu: Vng menu bn tri thng thng c phn chia thnh cc menu con cha cc chc nng chnh ca Website. Thng khi mi menu con s cha mt hnh nh lm nh nn. Right Menu: Vng menu bn phi thng hin thng tin vn tt. Menu ny thng th hin dng khung hnh rng, v c cc th hin c trng ring cho ni dung.
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Containt Area: Vng hin th ni dung chnh ca tng chc nng khi c chn. vng ny vi trang ch thng c mt hnh nh lm background. I.3. Mi Quan H Gia Thit K Ha v Thit K Website Ngy nay, vi s pht trin khng ngng ca khoa hc my tnh, th vic trao i v qung b thng tin s khng cn n iu ch l vn bn nh trc kia na. Hu ht cc n v, cc c quan v cc t chc, c nhn u c th cung cp thng tin ca mnh thng qua cc Website. Nhng n s tht nhm chn khi ngi c ch thy c rng Website ch ton l vn bn. Nhng may mn thay d t hay nhiu Website no cng c hnh nh minh ha (ch loi tr nhng trang thng tin mang tnh cht thng bo). T , chng ta thy rng hnh nh lun cn c trong Website, v cng chnh hnh nh to nn c ting ni ring cho tng Website, thu ht s ch v chim cm tnh t pha ngi c. Mt trang Web hay khng th thiu nhng hnh nh p, ng thi thng qua cc Website ngi ta cng mun gi gm nhng thng tin, thng ip thng qua hnh nh ch khng phi lc no cng din t bng li, bng vn bn. Do gia hnh nh v Website c mt mi quan h gn kh c th tch ri nhau. chng gp phn cng nhau chuyn ti thng tin mt cch r rng v c hiu qu thc th n ngi c. Web cn hnh nh v hnh nh cng cn c Web. II. QUAN ST KCH THC CC THNH PHN y c xem l giai on phc tho trn giy, nhng l mt giai on cc k quan trng, n s gip cho chng ta bit c chnh xc kch thc ca tt c cc thnh phn trong Web page trc khi chnh thc ngi thit k giao din ca Web page bng chng trnh Photoshop. Do vy, chng ta cn phi nm c kch thc ca cc thnh phn sau: II.1. Xc nh Kch Thc Tng Th Ca Webpage Xc nh kch thc ngang. Xc nh kch thc ng. Thng thng kch thc tng th ca Webpage l 800 pixel x cho chiu cao l ty . Hoc 1024 x chiu cao ty . Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 171
II.2. Xc nh Kch Thc Banner Xc nh kch thc ngang ca Banner. Xc nh kch thc ng ca Banner. Quyt nh chia Banner ra thnh bao nhiu nh thnh phn. Kch thc ngang v ng ca mi nh thnh phn. II.3. Xc nh Kch Thc Left Menu Xc nh kch thc ngang ca Left Menu. Xc nh kch thc ng ca Left Menu. Quyt nh chia Left Menu ra thnh bao nhiu Menu con. Thng thng ti mi Menu ngi ngi ta thng gn mt Image cho Menu. Do cn xc nh kch thc ngang v ng ca mi nh thnh phn. II.4. Xc nh Kch Thc Right Menu Xc nh kch thc ngang ca Right Menu. Xc nh kch thc ng ca Right Menu. Quyt nh chia Right Menu ra thnh bao nhiu Vng, kch thc ngang v ng ca mi vng l bao nhiu. Thng thng ti mi vng ngi ngi ta thng gn mt Image lm nn cho vng v thng l khung hnh. Do cn xc nh kch thc ngang v ng ca mi nh thnh phn dng lm khung nn. II.5. Xc nh Kch Thc Vng Ni Dung y l vng dng hin th ni dung khi cc thnh phn chc nng khi c chn. Cn xc nh c kch thc ngang v kch thc ng ca nh nn cho vng ni dung nu c. Quan tm thm xem vng nh nn c chia nh nh ra thnh nhiu nh con khng. III. THIT K GIAO DIN WEBSITE thit k giao din Website chng ta thc hin theo cc bc sau: Bc 1: Thu thp thng tin khch hng. 172 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
Bc 2: Chun b hnh nh. Bc 3: Phc tho, xc nh kch thc cc thnh phn. Bc 4: Tin hnh thit k giao din Website trn my. Bc 5: Tinh chnh li cc thnh phn ln cui. Bc 6: Kt xut hnh nh. IV. KT XUT HNH NH IV.1. Kt Xut Hnh nh Th Cng Trong cch ny bn phi thc hin tt c mi vic bng cng c ca Photoshop t vic xy dng, n vic kt xut hnh nh. V d: To mt khung hin th thng tin cho vng Right Menu vi tn Thng Bo. Trong phn thit k ny ti gi thit khung hnh c hin th trong Table. Bc 1: Thit k khung hnh kch thc 250x200 pixel Bc 2: Thit k cc thnh phn Bc 3: Chia khung hnh thnh 2 file. File 2 kch thc 250 x 160 pixel Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh File 1 kch thc 250 x 40 pixel 173
Bc 4: T mi File ta kt xut th cng sang nh dng *.gif bng chc nng File, Save for Web. IV.2. Kt Xut Hnh nh T ng Vi cch ny chng ta thc hin theo hai giai on chnh nh sau: Giai on 1: Thit k hnh nh trn Adobe Photoshop. Giai on 2: Chuyn sang hiu chnh hnh nh trong Adobe ImageReady ri kt xut sang nh dng HTML. V d: To mt khung hin th thng tin cho vng Right Menu vi tn Thng Bo. Bc 1: Thit lp Khung: 250 pixel x 200 pixel Bc 2: Thit k cc thnh phn Bc 3: Dng cng c Slice kch thc 250 pixel x 40 pixel, chia theo phn trn Bc 4: Chn chc nng Zoom to ImageReady cui thanh cng c, xut hin khung hnh. Bc 5: Chn chc nng File, chn Save optimazed As. Chn mc nh l HTML. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
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Chng trnh s t ng pht sinh ra mt Webpage v t ng ct khung hnh ra thnh nh c nh dng *.gif, vi hai tn: tnfile_01.gif v tnfile_02.gif lu trong folder Image cng th mc vi th mc cha file HTML. V. TI U HA HNH NH CHO WEBSITE Trong phn ny chng ta bn n mt vn ht sc quan trng, chnh n cng gp phn cho vic trang Web c Load ln nhanh hay chm, l: Nu mt website ch cha ton hnh nh khng cng lm cho Wbsite Load chm. Do cn cn nhc s lng hnh nh c trn Website bao nhiu l va, phn no c th thay th hnh nh c. V d ngy nay thng Left Menu ngi ta thng to Menu ng ch rt t dng hnh nh l nn cho menu con. ng mt hnh nh c kch thc qu ln, thng ngi ta s chia nh ny ra lm nhiu phn c kch thc nh hn. Chn mt chun nn nh hp l. Thng th hnh nh hin tr trong web c to ra c th lu hay nh dng l: *.jpg hoc *.gif. Nhng ngi ta thng chn chun *.gif do chun ny c nn tt hn nn n c kch thc nh hn. Xc nh ng h mu dng hin th hnh nh trn Web. C hai h mu chnh thng c dng l CMYK v RGB. CMYK th dng in tch mu cn chng RGB th mi c dng hin th trn cc thit b hin th. VI. BI TP CHNG 5:
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Bi Tp 5.1: Thit k giao din Website Khoa Qun Tr Kinh Doanh. S dng Adobe Images Ready to dng ch Khoa Qun Tr Kinh Doanh i mu t n vngv ngc li.
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Bi Tp 5.2: Kt gia CorelDRAW v Photoshop thit k Layout:
Layout 2:
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MC LC:
Chng1: CC THAO TC C BN CA PHOTOSHOP ..................1 I. GII THIU ADOBE PHOTOSHOP ...........................................2 I.1. Khi Nim ................................................................................2 I.2. c im Ca Chng Trnh Adobe Photoshop ....................2 I.3. Khi Nim nh Bitmap............................................................2 I.4. Khi Nim Phn T im nh Pixel.......................................2 I.5. Phn Gii Mn Hnh ...........................................................3 I.6. Phn Gii Tp Tin...............................................................3 I.7. Yu Cu Phn Cng .................................................................3 I.8. Phng Php Ci t Chng Trnh .......................................3 II. KHI NG CHNG TRNH ADOBE PHOTOSHOP .........4 III. GIAO DIN CA S ADOBE PHOTOSHOP..........................4 III.1. Gii Thiu Ca S Giao Din CS3........................................4 III.2. Cc Thnh Phn Trn Ca S Giao Din ..............................4 IV. CC THAO TC TRN TP TIN ............................................6 IV.1. M Mi Tp Tin ....................................................................6 IV.2. M Mi Tp Tin C Thuc Tnh Bit Trc ........................7 IV.3. M Tp Tin C Sn ...............................................................7 IV.4. Lu Tp Tin Ln u ............................................................8 IV.5. Lu Tp Tin Vi Ni Dung C ...........................................10 IV.6. Lu Tp Tin D Phng........................................................10 IV.7. Lu Tp Tin Theo nh Dng Web ....................................10 IV.8. Duyt File ............................................................................10 V. THOT KHI CHNG TRNH PHOTOSHOP ....................11 VI. CC THAO TC TRN CA S GIAO DIN ......................11 VI.1. Hp Cng C .......................................................................11 VI.2. Hin n Cc Thnh Phn Trn Ca S Giao Din .............13 VI.3. Thao Tc Trn Mu Background v Foreground ................13 VI.4. Cc Thao Tc Bin i Hnh nh ......................................15 VII. CC THAO TC TRN VNG CHN .................................20 VII.1. Ch .................................................................................20 VII.2. S Dng Nhm Marquee To Vng Chn ...................20 VII.3. S Dng Nhm Lasso Tool To Vng Chn ...............21 VII.4. S Dng Cng C Magic Wand To Vng Chn ........23 178 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
VII.5. S Dng Cng C To Vn Bn To Vng Chn........23 VII.6. Thao Tc Hiu Chnh Vng Chn......................................23 VII.7. Thao Tc Sao Chp v Di Chuyn Vng nh c Chn26 VII.8. Bin i Hnh nh Bng Menu Lnh................................27 VIII. BI TP CHNG 1:............................................................32 Chng2:CC THAO TC NNG CAO CA PHOTOSHOP ...........39 I. LAYER - LP I TNG.......................................................40 I.1. Khi Nim Lp i Tng ....................................................40 I.2. Gii Thiu Palettes Layer.......................................................40 I.3. Cc Thao Tc Trn Lp..........................................................40 II. KNH MU- CHANNEL ..........................................................51 II.1. Khi Nim Knh ...................................................................51 II.2. Gii Thiu Palettes Channel..................................................51 II.3. Cc Thao Tc C Bn Trn Knh .........................................52 II.4. CcThao tc nng cao trn knh ...........................................54 III. CH MASK MT N ....................................................56 III.1. Khi nim ch mt n .....................................................56 III.2. Cc Thao Tc Trn Mt N .................................................56 III.3. V d V Mt N..................................................................59 IV. HIU NG NH SN............................................................65 IV.1. t Vn .........................................................................65 IV.2. Phng Php p Dng Hiu ng .......................................65 IV.3. Hiu ng Colored Pencil.....................................................66 IV.4. Hiu ng Plastic Wrap........................................................66 IV.5. Hiu ng Blur .....................................................................66 IV.6. Hiu ng Motion Blur ........................................................67 IV.7. Hiu ng Radial Blur..........................................................67 IV.8. Hiu ng Ripple..................................................................67 IV.9. Hiu ng Twirt....................................................................68 IV.10. Hiu ng Zigzag ...............................................................68 IV.11. Hiu ng Add Noise .........................................................68 IV.12. Hiu ng Dust & Scratches ..............................................69 IV.13. Hiu ng Diffuse ..............................................................69 IV.14. Hiu ng Emboss..............................................................69 IV.14. Hiu ng Wind..................................................................70 IV.15. Hiu ng Mosaic Tiles......................................................70 IV.16. V d: .................................................................................70 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 179
V. BI TP CHNG 2:...............................................................74 Chng3: CNG C T V-BIN TP-TO VN BN .................93 I. KHI NIM M HNH MU TRONG PHOTOSHOP.............94 I.1. Cc Khi Nim .......................................................................94 I.2. M Hnh Mu .........................................................................94 I.3. Ch Mu ...........................................................................95 II. NHM CNG C LY MU ..................................................96 II.1. CNG C EYEDROPPER TOOL.......................................96 II.2. CNG C COLOR SAMPLER TOOL ...............................97 III. CC THAO TC T MU......................................................97 III.1. T y Bng Lnh Fill ........................................................97 III.2. V Phc Bng Lnh Stroke ..................................................98 III.3. T Mu Chuyn Sc Bng Cng C Gradient Tool ............98 III.4. T Mu Bng cng C Paint Pucket Tool .........................100 IV. CH HA TRN MU...................................................100 IV.1. Khi Nim.........................................................................100 IV.2. Cc Phng Thc Ha Trn Mu .....................................101 IV.3. Chuyn i Ch Mu ..................................................103 V. CNG C T V BIN TP HNH NH..............................104 V.1. Cc Bc Thc Hin T V Bin Tp Hnh nh...............104 V.2. Gii Thiu Hp Thoi C Brush.........................................104 V.3. Cng C C Brush ..............................................................105 V.4. Nhm Cng C Xa nh....................................................105 V.5. Cng C Sao Chp Mu Clone Stamp................................106 V.6. Cng C Patch Tool............................................................106 V.7. Cng C Pen Tool...............................................................107 V.8. Cng C Add Anchor Point Tool .......................................107 VI. MI QUAN H GIA NG PATH V VNG CHN.108 VI.1. Chuyn Path Thnh Vng Chn ........................................108 VI.2. Chuyn Vng Chn Thnh Path ........................................108 VI.3. Xa Path ............................................................................108 VI.4. To Mi Mu Pattern.........................................................108 VI.5. To V D V Cng C T V Bin Tp ..........................109 VII. TO VN BN TRONG PHOTOSHOP ..............................117 VII.1. Phng Php To Vn Bn ..............................................117 VII.2. Chuyn Lp Ch Sang Lp nh......................................119 VII.3. p Dng Style nh Sn Cho Ch ..................................119 180 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh
VII.4. p Dng Layer Style Cho Vn Bn.................................119 VII.5. Un Cong Vn Bn ..........................................................120 VII.6. V D V To Vn Bn ....................................................121 VIII. BI TP CHNG 3:.........................................................126 Chng 4: HIU CHNH HNH NH.................................................143 I. S DNG CNG C CHNH SA HNH NH.....................144 I.1. Ch : ..................................................................................144 I.2. Nhc Li Cng C Sao Chp Mu Clone Stamp .................144 I.3. Nhc Li Cng C Patch Tool..............................................144 I.4. Cng C Blur........................................................................145 I.5. Cng c Sharpen...................................................................145 I.6. Cng C Smudge..................................................................145 I.7. Cng c Dodge .....................................................................146 I.8. Cng C Burn.......................................................................146 I.9. Cng c Sponge....................................................................146 II. S DNG LNH HIU CHNH NH EN TRNG ............147 II.1. Lnh Level...........................................................................147 II.2. Lnh Cuves..........................................................................148 II.3. Lnh Brightness/ Contrast...................................................149 II.4. Lnh Desaturate...................................................................150 II.5. V D: Hiu Chnh nh en Trng ....................................150 III. CC LNH HIU CHNH NH MU ..................................152 III.1. Lnh Color Balance ...........................................................152 III.2. Lnh Hue/ Saturation .........................................................153 III.3. Lnh Variations..................................................................154 III.4. V D Hiu Chnh nh Mu:..............................................156 IV. BI TP CHNG 4: ...........................................................161 Chng 5: THIT K GIAO DIN WEBSITE...................................169 I. GII THIU WEBSITE .............................................................170 I.1. V D ....................................................................................170 I.2. Cc Thnh Phn Ca Mt Web Pages..................................170 I.3. Mi Quan H Gia Thit K Ha v Thit K Website.171 II. QUAN ST KCH THC CC THNH PHN..................171 II.1. Xc nh Kch Thc Tng Th Ca Webpage .................171 II.2. Xc nh Kch Thc Banner.............................................172 II.3. Xc nh Kch Thc Left Menu .......................................172 II.4. Xc nh Kch Thc Right Menu.....................................172 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 181
II.5. Xc nh Kch Thc Vng Ni Dung ..............................172 III. THIT K GIAO DIN WEBSITE.........................................172 IV. KT XUT HNH NH..........................................................173 IV.1. Kt Xut Hnh nh Th Cng...........................................173 V. TI U HA HNH NH CHO WEBSITE............................175 VI. BI TP CHNG 5:.........................................................175
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Gio trnh Adobe Photoshop

Chng1: CC THAO TC C BN CA PHOTOSHOP

Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh

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Gio trnh Adobe Photoshop

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Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh

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Gii thiu hp cng c CS3. Xem hnh theo sau:

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Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh

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Hy lp ghp chng li thnh mt sn phm. Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh 29

Gio trnh Adobe Photoshop

Gio trnh Adobe Photoshop

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VIII. BI TP CHNG 1: 32 Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh

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Khoa Khoa Hc V K Thut My Tnh

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