Nhm 7: 1. TRN QUC DNG 10339761(7.06) 2. TRN TH PHNG DUNG 10328781 3. HUNH NGUYN DUY L 10373341(7.08) 4.

LM TH Y LNH 10330771 5. L V HNG 10326741(7.09) 6. HONG TRUNG NGHA 10325441 7. ON TH KIM NH 10314511(7.13) 8. DNG BCH HNG 10312211(7.15) 9. NGUYN THANH THANH HUYN 10306011

7.6 CLOSTRIDIUM PERFRINGENS

7.6.1. Gii thiu:

C. Perfringens c bit n nh l mt nguyn nhn gy ra cc nhim trng vt thng nghim trng. Ngay sau vo nm 1895 v 1899 xut hin bo co lin kt C.perfringens vi dch vim d dy Anh, nhng n khng c chp nhn , cho n nm 1943 n mi c chp nhn l nguyn nhn gy ra ng c thc phm .

K t nm 1892 khi n ln u tin c miu t bi nh vi trng hc ngi M.

Bng phn loi:

Loi c t

A B C D E

+ + + + +

+ + -

+ + -

7.6.2. Sinh vt v c im ca sinh vt

Clostridium perfringens

Hnh que, Gam dng, sinh bo t, kch thc 1x3-9 micromet, sng ym kh i khi n c th tn ti v pht trin khi c mt ca oxy. Tng trng trong khong nhit 12 500C t0otp = 43-470C pHotp = 6,0 7,5 pHmin = 5 awmin = 0,95 0,97 B c ch khi c NaCl 6% C th phn lp c t Nc, trm tch, bi, thc phm nhim hay trong ng tiu ha ca con ngi.

7.6.3. Bnh l v c im lm sng

C. Perfringens gy ng c thc phm vi cc triu chng :

+ Bun nn, au bng, tiu chy nc l chnh + t c biu hin i ma hay st + Thi gian khi pht l 8-24h sau khi tiu th thc phm b nhim mt lng ln Clostridium perfringens. + T ht sau 24h Chun on bnh ng c thc phm do C.perfringens thng da trn mt s yu t: + Trng hp lch s v cc triu chng + S lng ln ( >106 g-1 ) bo t ca Clostridium perfringens trong phn ca ngi bnh. + S lng ln t bo sinh dng ca cng mt loi + S hin din ca enterotoxin trong phn

7.6.4. Phn lp v nhn dng

Mi trng dng phn lp C. perfringens c kt hp t: Tryptose/sulfite/cycloserine (TSC) v oleandomycin/polymyxin/sulfadiazine/pergringens(OPSP).

370C trong 24h

Chn cc a c xut hin nhng khun lc mu trng. Tip tc em i kim tra cc phn ng sinh ho . Khun lc nghi ng l C. perfringens s c cc phn ng sinh ho: khng c tnh di ng, c kh nng chuyn nitrat -> nitrit, ln men c lactose v geletin ho lng.

Kim tra s hin din ca enterotoxin.

7.6.5. Gn vi thc phm

Mt mn n t tht c cha cc bo t ca C. perfringens v c nu chn.

i vi mt dch ng c thc phm do C. perfringens cc tnh hung tiu biu bao gm nhng s kin sau:

Sau qu trnh nu cc bo t C.perfringens vn cn sng trong khi mt phn ln cc vsv cnh tranh khc c loi b. Sau khi nu, thc n khng c n lin m i lm ngui hoc lu tr lu nhit phng, iu ny cho php cc bo t ny mm v nhn ln nhanh chng to ra mt lng ln t bo sinh dng. Cc sn phm sau c hm nng li nhng khng tiu dit cc t bo sinh dng. Mt s t bo sinh dng cn sng c tiu ho vo rut non, ni chng c iu kin pht trin v sn sinh c t enterotoxin.

ESCHERICHIA COLI 7.8.1 Gii thiu - T nm 1885, khi n ln u tin c phn lp t phn ca tr em v c m t bi nh vi khun hc ngi c Theodor Escherich, thu ht li ko s ch ca cc nh khoa hc v ESCHERICHIA COLI m rng hn v n ngy nay nm c ngha tt nht v sinh vt sng t do. - E.coli l c hu ht trong ng rut con ngi v ng vt mu nng khc y n c kh nng ym kh chim u th tri hn mc d n ch chim mt phn nh trong h vi sinh vt ng rut.

- Ni chung n l mt vsv v hi,n c th l mt tc nhn gy bnh gy ra mt s bnh nh nhim trng Gram-,nhim trng ng tit niu,vim phi bnh nhn b c ch h min dch v vim mng no tr s sinh. N thng xy ra trong phn,nhn chung n khng phi l tc nhn gy bnh v c trng cho s tn ti trong nc dn ti s sinh bo t ca E.coli

- Cc chng E.coli ln u tin c pht hin nh l mt nguyn nhn gy ra bnh vim ng rut ca cng nhn Anh mt cuc iu tra v bnh tiu chy vo ma h tr s sinh trong nhng nm 1940.Cho n nm 1982 ,cc chng gy ra bnh tiu chy c phn thnh ba loi c bn da trn c tnh ca chng + Enteropathogenic E.Coli (EPEC) + Eteroinvasie E.Coli (EIEC) + Enterotoxingenic E.Coli (ETEC).

- Tuy nhin t nm 1982 E.Coli (EHEC)c bit c kt hp vi loi huyt thanh O 157:H7 c coi l nguyn nhn gy ra mt s bnh dch vim i trng v xut huyt v hi chng tn huyt,c bit l Bc M ni m cc loi thc phm cha c nu chn nh tht ,sa ti v sn phm ti.

- Hai loi E.coli c cng nhn l nguyn nhn gy ra bnh tiu chy c bit l tr em.c gi l E.coli (EaggEC) v cng vi E.coli (DAEC),chng l nhng mu c trng lin quan ti t bo Hep-2 . S ni bt mt s lng ln loi tc nhn gy bnh E.coli qua s phn nh h gen ca vsv. Vic ginh c, mt i hoc ti sp xp ca yu t di truyn hc gii thiu tc nhn gy bnh mi v tc nhn gy bnh khc nhau i din cho nhng chng vsv thng thng xc nh.

7.8.2 Vi Sinh Vt v cc c tnh ca chng - Escherichia l mt loi ca h Enterobacteriaceae v E.Coli l mt loi ca h Enterobacteriaceae. N th dng tnh vi catalose, h hp ym kh, trc khun ngn, Gram- khng to bo t. - Nhn chung E.coli rt ging vi h Shigella, mc d c tnh ca E.coli l ln men ng lactose v ngoi ra E.Coli c nhiu hot ng ha sinh hn Shigella

- E.coli c th c s khc bit vi cc loi khc ca h Bacteriaceae da trn c s ln men ng v kim tra ha sinh khc. Mt nhm cc phng php kim tra c s dng nh danh bng ch vit tc IMViC. Cc th nghim cho kh nng sn xut: . indol t tryptophan . Mi trng acid ph hp lm gim t pH trung tnh xung 4.4,ph b ch th ca metyl red . Acetoin(acetylmethyl carbinol) . Kh nng s dng citrate

- E.Coli l mt loi vi khun pht trin 7-10oC ln n 50oC vi nhit ti thch l 37oC, mc d c bo co ca mt s chng ETEC pht trin ti nhit thp hn 4oC iu cho thy n khng c kh nng chu nhit,vi gi tr D ti 60oC trong 0,1 pht v c th tn ti iu kin bo qun lnh hoc l lnh ng trong thi gian di.pH trung tnh th ti thch cho s pht trin nhng s pht trin c kh nng gim xung di 4.4 d diu kin ti thch. Hot nc nh nht cho s pht trin l 0.95.

Indole Escherichia coli Shigella Salmonella Typhimurium Citrobacter freundii Klebsiella Pneumoniae Enterobacter aerogenes + V -

Methyl Red + + + + -

Voges Proskauer + +

Citrate + + + +

Trong kim tra IMViC ,hu ht cc chng E.Coli th dng tnh vi indol v MR v m tnh vi VP v cetrate

7.8.3 Bnh sinh v tnh nng lm sng

Da vo c tnh m E.coli c chia thnh 4 chng: Enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC), Enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC), Enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC), Enterohaemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC).

7.8.3.1 Enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC)

Thng nhim ch yu tr em cc nc ang pht trin. Bnh gy ra bi ETEC thng xy ra trong vng 1236h sau khi b nhim. Triu chng: tiu chy nh hoc c th nng hn nh tiu ra nc km theo mu, cht nhy, au bng d di v nn ma ko di t 2-3 ngy.

7.8.3.1 Enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC)

Sinh ra 2 c t: c t chu nhit cao ST: Chu c nhit 1000C trong vng 15 pht mi trng acid. c t ny kch thch s sn sinh ca cGMP, dn n bi tit cht lng trong rut tng ln v tiu chy. c t chu nhit km LT: B bt hot nhit 600C sau 30 pht v trong mi trng pH thp. cng tng t nh c t gy dch t, n lm tng mc cAMP trong t bo ng rut, v iu ny lm tng s in phn v nc thi (tiu chy).

7.8.3.2 Enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC)

Sau khi nhim EIEC, tuy khng sinh ra c t nhng chng xm nhp v bm vo biu m ca rut v tiu hy ng rut Cuc xm nhp ca cc t bo c th gy ra mt dng nh ca bnh tiu chy hoc kit l

7.8.3.2 Enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC)

Triu chng: Bnh ny c c im tng t nh bnh kit l do Shigella gy ra nh: au bng, tiu chy, i ma, st, n lnh, v mt mi nhng n c im khc bit ch c s xut hin ca mu v cht nhy trong phn ca ngi b nhim bnh => cn gi l vim i trng Mc gy nhim trng ca EIEC cao hn so vi Shigella, chng t rng lng vi sinh vt rt ln v chng thch hp vi mi trng acid trong d dy.

7.8.3.3 Enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC)

a s chng gy ra dch tiu chy tr s sinh. cc nc cng nghip ha, tn s ca nhng sinh vt ny gim, nhng chng tip tc l mt nguyn nhn quan trng gy tiu chy. Triu chng: Kh chu, nn ma, tiu chy c cht nhn nhng mu him khi xut hin sau khi nhim t 12-36h

7.8.3.4 Enterohaemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC)

C mt thi gian n c bit l E.coli sinh ra c t Verotoxin VTEC.c m t u tin ti Canada. c t gy vim i trng xut huyt Triu chng ban u l au bng, tiu chy ra nc 1-2 ngy sau khi n phi thc phm b nhim. Trng hp nng hn c th i ra mu, au bng d di 1-2 ngy tip theo.

7.8.3.4 Enterohaemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC)

C th phn bit l vim i trng do khng c biu hin ca st, khng c bch cu trong phn v c 3 c trng nhn bit: Suy thn cp tnh Thiu mu tn huyt (gim s lng t bo hng cu) Gim s lng tiu cu trong mu Chng ny thng gy bnh ngi ln, c bit l ma h v d e da tnh mng ngi cao tui =>y l nguyn nhn hng u ca bnh suy thn cp tnh Ty u v Bc M

7.8.4 phn lp v nhn dng. K thut chn lc E.coli phn ln da vo sc chu ng ca c th v cc hp cht xc tc, tm quan trng ca mi trng sng t nhin, rut. Thuc nhum v nhiu chng c kh nng pht trin ti nhit khong 44C cng c s dng nh mt tc nhn chn lc. Vic chn lc c ngh ra u tin bi MacConkey nm 1905. N c sa i a dng t nhng nhng c im c bn vn khng thay i. Mui mt (tm tinh th) cng hot ng nh cht c ch vi khun Gram(+) v mt s vi khun Gram(-).

 Lactose l mt hp cht cacbon c th ln men c vi

ch th pH, thng l trung tnh bn vng, sn xut nhiu acide nh: Escherichia, Klebsiella, v Enterobacter to ra khun lc c mu . Khng ln men c lactose nh: Salmonella, Proteus, v Edwardsiella. Thch MacConkey c kh nng chn lc mnh v l ngun cung cp dng cht cho s pht trin ca mt s vi khun khng phi l vi khun ng rut bao gm Gram(+), cng nh t cu khun, lin cu khun. Cc thuc nhum anilin eosin v xanh methylen l tc nhn chn lc nhng cng cung cp nh cht ch th cho s ln men lactose bng cch hnh thnh kt ta pH thp. S ln men lactose mnh s hnh thnh cc khun lc xanh en vi nh kim.

 Khun lc nghi ng t vic chn lc c th c khng

nh bi th nghim sinh ha. Vic pht hin E.coli O157:H7 l da trn s hiu bit v kiu hnh t hu ht cc loi huyt thanh: n khng c kh nng ln men Sorbitol trn thch MacConkey v khng c -glucuronidase.

7.8.5 Hi lin hip thc phm Nc nhim phn v thc phm h hng th lin quan nhiu n dch gy ra bi EPEC, EIEC v ETEC . Mt s thc phn lin quan bao gm: caf Romania vo nm 1961, rau, salad khoai ty, v sushi. Ti Hoa k phomat l nguyn nhn gy ra dch vo nm 1971, kt hp vi EIEC lm hn 387 ngi b nh hng, v vo nm 1983 ETEC(ST) khng cho php c mt cng tn ti trong sn phm sa ln men pH< 5 Dch gy ra bi loi EHEC O157:H7 c ch yu cc sn phm tht cha nu chn v i khi l sa nguyn liu.

 Gia sc dng nh l ni tch tr ca bnh nhim trng v

O157:H7 tm thy khong 0.9-8.2% ca gia sc khe mnh Anh. Cc cuc iu tra khc: cc loi huyt thanh t 3.7% (6/164) cc mu tht b ti bn l v mt t l ng k (12%) ca cc sn phm tht ti khc nh: tht ln, gia cm, v tht cu. c mt s lng dch rt ln trn th gii. 600 ngi b bnh v 4 tr em b cht trong 1 dch ln Hoa k nm 1993 bi bnh m kp tht b cha nu chn. Vo 8/1997 mt nhm cc trng hp Colorado vi lng thc phm b thu hi ln nht trong lch s Hoa k khi hn 12000 tn tht b b thu hi.

 Mt dch ln Scotland nm 1996 cng c tc ng

tng t ti Anh. Gn 500 ngi b nh hng v 20 ngi ln tui b cht. Nguyn nhn l do s nhim ca cc loi tht ch bin t tht sng trong mt ca hng tht. Nhng li dn n s c pht sinh dch d dng v lm gim an ton v sinh thc phm.Vi c sa nguyn liu v sn phm tht b, nguyn nhn chnh l do li ca qu trnh nhit.Trong khi s tht nhng ming tht cn nguyn cng nh nng thng c th tiu th mt cch an ton khi bn trong l cha nu chn. iu ny l do vic nhim vi sinh vt l mt hin tng b mt. S nghin nh ca tht th s pha trn tp cht b mt vo gia sn phm v do cn phi nu chn m bo an ton vi sinh vt. USDA qui nh rng trung tm ca bnh m kp tht b s t

trn: 71.1C (160F) ngay lp tc cho ngi tiu dng v 68.3C (155F) khong 16 giy cho cc hot ng dch v thc phm. Dch ca EHEC cng c bo co vi cc thc phm khc. Rau dip v nc to cha tit trng l nguyn nhn trong mt dch ln ti M. Vo ma h nm 1969 mt dch bnh Nht lin quan n hn 9000 trng hp v 12 tr em b cht. Cc dch ln nht trong qu trnh dch, ti thnh ph Sakai c 5700 ngi lin quan, c ba l mm cng lin quan n mt dch M.

7.9. Listeria monocytogenes:

7.9.1: Gii thiu
y l vi khun Gram +, di ng khng bo t, ym kh, oxidase m tnh a lnh 2-44 0C, topt = 30-350C Chu Nacl 16% pH =6 Phn b rng

Ph n mang thai, tr em, hoc ngi c h min dch yu th d b nhim B m mang thai thng c khuyn khng nn n loi pho mt mm do c th b nhim v cho php tng trng ca L. monocytogenes..Gy ra nhim trng mu, vim mng no vi t l t vong t 20 25%.

Bng thng k cc ca vim mng no:

Vi khun H. influenzae L. monocytogenes N. meningitidis S. agalactiae S. pneumoniae 1978-1981 48% 2% 20% 3% 13% 1986 45% 3% 14% 6% 18% 1995 7% 8% 25% 12% 47%

phn bit L. monocytogenes t L. innocua, v c gi l th nghim CAMP

9.2.2 Phn lp v nhn dng: Phng php CHROMagar Listeria c th gip pht hin & phn bit L.monocytogenes vi L.innocua 1 cch n gin * HROMagar Identification Listeria, khng cn thc hin nhiu test sinh ha khc nhau
Vi sinh vt Mu sc khun lc nhy

L.monocytogenes

Xanh c qung sng trng, ng knh <3mm

100%

L.innocua Vi sinh vt khc

Xanh Xanh hoc khng mu hoc mu sc khc hoc b c ch

-----

Mt s phn ng sinh ha ca L.monocytogenes : Catalaza ( + ) MR ( + ) VP ( + ) Xylose ( - ) Rhamnose(+) Manitol (-) Di ng (+)

7.13.1. Introduction (gii thiu)

7.13.2. The Organism and its Characteristics (cc vi sinh vt v c tnh ca n)

7.13.SHIGELLA

7.13.3. Pathogenesis and Clinical Features ( bnh sinh v tnh nng lm sn )

7.13.4. Isolation and Identication ( phn lp v nhn dng )

7.13.5. Association with Foods (gn vi thc phm )

7.13.1. Introduction (gii thiu)

Chi shigella c tm thy do nguyn nhn gy bnh l trc khun bi nh sinh vt hc ngi nht kiyoshi shiga vo nm 1898 Shigella gm c 4 loi : Sh. Dysenteriae (bacillary dysentery ) Sh. Flexneri Sh. Boydii Sh. sonnei
Kiyoshi Shiga (JAPANESE)

7.13.2. The Organism and its Characteristics (cc vi sinh vt v c tnh ca n)

Shigella thuc h Enterobacteriaceae
Hnh que, khng di ng, khng sinh bo t Trc khun gram(-) Catalase(+), Oxidase (-), k kh ty tin To acid (khng sinh hi) t ng glucose (tr mt

s chng S. sonnei khng th ln men ng lactose

mt tnh nng gn ging vi salmonella).

t0 opt: 10 45oC, pHopt : 6 8 v khng tn ti PH <

4,5

7.13.3. Pathogenesis and Clinical Features ( bnh l v tnh nng lm sn )

Cc triu chng nh nn ma, au bng v st km theo tiu chy, i tin ra mu c cha cht nhy v m. 10-100 t bo vi khun c biu hin bnh. Shigellas gy bnh l trc khun ngi v ng vt bc cao khc. Thi k bnh c th khc nhau t 7 gi n 7 ngy mc d bnh nhim t thc phm th thi gian bnh ngn hn 36 h. Cc trng hp ca Sh. dysenteriae, Sh. flexneri v Sh. boydii, Sh. Sonnei gy tiu chy, bnh ko di t 3 ngy n 14 ngy trong mt s trng hpc th gy mt nc v ko di vi thng, nh hn th c th t khi v khng cn iu tr, nhng khi Sh. nhim dysenteriae thng phi truyn nc v iu tr khng sinh.

7.13.4. Isolation and Identication ( phn lp v nh dng )

*Khun lc Shigella trn mi trng: EMB, MacConkey, Endo, Hettoen, SS agar -Trn MT thch Istrati, SS, sau 24h cho khun lc dng S (nhn bng, b u hi li), trong v nh hn khun lc ca Salmonell. Khun lc Shigella c ng knh khong 2mm. *Tnh cht sinh vt ho hc: -Ln men glucose khng sinh hi (tr Sh. frexneri, Sh. boydii) -Ln men manitol -Khng ln men lactose (tr 1 vi type ln men chm) -Khng ln men a s cc loi ng thng thng: galactose, mantose, saccarose -Khng sinh H2S, indol (-), Citrat (-) -Shigella khng c men phn gii c ur, khng lm lng gelatin. Glucoza: (+) Lactoza: (-) Manit: (+) tr nhm A -Sh. dysenter ia Di ng: (-) Ur: (-) Indol: (+/-) LDC: (-)

7.13.5. Association with Foods (gn vi thc phm )

Ch yu nhim t phn Cc loi thc phm cha nu chn hay ti sng c th l nguyn nhn ly nhim ghigella.

lich s, bnh t c coi la mt bnh ng s nht ca nhn loi. n , n git cht hn 20tr ngi trong th k ny. Trong th k th 19 dich t lan t n sang Chu u va Chu M sau ly ti Anh vo nm 1983 chng pht trin nhanh iu kin thiu v sinh cc th trn v thnh ph. Nm 1848 bng n dch ,Quc hi thnh lp trung tm sc khe sau nng cao h thng cng rnh v h thng cp nc.
Trong

 Nm

1866 thnh lp hi ng tng t New york (Hoa K). Pacini (1854) tm c nguyn nhn gy ln dch t khi quan st s lng ln trc khun cong trong mu ca bnh nhn t Florence. Nhng n khng c chp nhn Nam 1886 Robert Koch cng c v mi quan h gia Vibrio cholerae v bnh t khi lm vic ai cp . 1961 Koch php lp c Vibrio-cholerae nguyn nhn ca bnh dch t.

El Tor biotype c phn lp bi Gotschlich ti cc trm kim dch El Tor Sinai, Ai cp, chu trch nhim v i dch ( 7th) Nm 1961 bt u Celebes (Sulawesi) Indonesia, nm 1970 n chu phi v n Chu m nm 1991. Nm 1930 biotypes c kt dnh bi 1 antiserem ch nh huyt thanh O1 chng khc ca V.cholerae khng tc ng ln huyt thanh min dch v gii hn nonagglutinable, hay ng hn chng non-O1, mt s to ra c t gy dch t.
1906

Nm 1992, mt kiu huyt thanh mi, O139,c lin quan ti dich t n v Bangladesh v cng c phn lp t bnh nhn dich t thi lan mt s loi khc ca khun vibrio c tm thy l nguyn nhn gy ra mt s bnh (bng 7.9) Nm 1951 V.parahaemolyticus gy bnh vim d dy trong thc phm. V.Fluvialis c phn lp t 1 s trng hp tiu chy t bit l vng c kh hu m p

loi V. cholerae, O1 V. cholerae, non-O1

Bnh bnh tiu chy, nhim trng vt thng Bnh tiu chy, vim d dy rut, nhim trng vt thng, gy nhim trng huyt Bnh tiu chy, vim d dy rut, nhim trng vt thng

V. mimicus

V. Parahaemolyticus vim d dy rut, vt thng nhim trng, vim tai gia V. fluvialis V. furnissii V. hollisae V. vulnificus V. alginolyticus Bnh tiu chy Bnh tiu chy Bnh tiu chy vt thng nhim trng, tiu hc nhim trng huyt, nhim trng huyt trng nhim trng vt thng, vim tai gia

V. damsela

Vt thng b nhim trng

V.cholerea c kh nng sn xut ra acid t sucrose and acetoin t glucose V. vulnificus khng phi l nguyn nhn chnh cho bnh tiu chy nhng gy nhim trng ng rut nh l nhim trng mu e da tnh mng.

Vibrios(phy khun) gram m c hnh cong hoc thng, que ngn di ng vi tim mao. Catalase v phn ng oxydase dng tnh , k kh ty tin v c chiu hng trao i cht bng ln men v h hp.

Vibrion Cholerae

pht trin ti u vi nng NaCl 1-3% V. parahaemolyticus pht trin ti u NaCl 3% nhng s tng trng mc t 0,5% v 8%. Aw ti thiu ca V. parahaemolyticus : 0.937-0.986 ty thuc vo cht tan s dng

T: 5-430c , Topt :370c 1 vng i pht ca V. parahaemolyticus l 911pht . Cc phy khun bin khng gy bnh V. natrigens nhit thp mc pht trin ca chng gim dn Photp: 7,5-8,5, nhng vn pht trin c vi ph 11 Thng sng bin v ca sng.

V.choletae c th c phn p t vng n i, cn nhit i v cc vng bin nhit i ( trong nhng thng lnh vng n i th chng bin mt) V.parahaemolyticus n c trong vng nc ven bin ven b ch khng phai l bin. Khng th phn lp khi nc bin xung 150c Khng tn ti vi p sut cao. 99% mi trng c chng V. parahaemolyticus khng gy bnh.

 Thi gian bnh t 1 n 5 ngy

ly nhim khi n thc phm, thc phm thng nhim bnh l hi sn c bit l hu

c th gim bt s ly nhim nu tiu th nhng thc phm cha vi khun bo v acid d dy.
d dy c acid thp c kh nng nhim bnh cao hn.

 Vo

rut sn sinh c t anterotoxin mnh gy tiu chy m khng bun nn hoc st. Nng c th t vong trong vng mt ngy.

Trong mi trng kim(ph = 8.8 -9.0) thi k gii hn l 8h. trong mi trng chn lc dung dich tellurite/ nc tht c mui( ph = 9.0 9.2) c th gi qua m.

 la

chn v mi trng khc nhau ca hu ht thng c a vi khun l thiosulfate/mui citrit/mui mt /thch ng(TCBS).

Khun lc Vibrio alginolyticus trn mi trng TCBS

V.Parahaemolyticus trong mi trng TCSB

 Mi

trng trc tin c thit k c lp v.parahaemolyticus, phy khun enteropathogenic pht trin tt ch phy khun t trong mi trng thch ng khng c kh nng ln men ng lm mi trng c mu xanh lc. vi khun t c chia lm 2 nhm:01 v khng phi 01.nhm 01 c chia lm 3 lp: ogawa, inaba, hikojima

Bnh t l nhim trng qua ng nc. c bit l tri cy v cc li rau c ra v tiu th m khng cn nu. Thc phm n t ni b nhim vi sinh vt. Trong cc i dch hin nay Nam v Trung M vic p c trong nc ct chanh m khng nu chn c lin kt vi cc trng hp: v.parahaemolytiyus gy ng c thc phm lun lun c trong c v cc ng vt c v.

 Thi

quen tiu th thc phm th hoc nu chn mt phn c,do nhim cho cc sn phm khi ch bin trong nh bp. Mc d c trong c nh bt ven bin trong nhng thng m nhng c th d dng ly lan v pht trin nhanh chng sang cc loi c nc su thng qua th trng tiu th nu khng c p lnh.

Nguy c nhim trng v.vulnificus trong hu sng hu ht c kim sot bng cch nu trc khi n.

i vi c nhn nhy cm vi cc trng hp trn v c ch min dch nn trnh tiu th ng vt c v sng.