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GII BI TP

Bi 6.2 : Cho 1 cnh mng chuyn ng song song vi ng ni tm, gii hn chuyn t dng
chy tng sang dng chy ri thng thng xy ra ti Rex=2.8x106, vi x l khong cch tnh t
mi nhn.Nu cnh ang chuyn ng vi vn tc 20m/s, 20oC, th ti im no trn cnh s
xy ra s chuyn t chy tng sang chy ri trong 2 trng hp: (a) khng kh? (b) nc?
Bi gii:

Ta c :

x=

a . Ti 20oC i vi khng kh :

Vy i vi khng kh 20oC : x=2.114m


b. Ti 20oC i vi nc :

Vy i vi nc 20oC : x=14.14m

Bi 6.19 : Mt ng dn ng knh 5mm c s dng o d nht ca du. Khi lu lng l


0.071 m3/h, tn tht p sut trn 1 n v chiu di o c l 375kPa/m. Tnh nht ca cht
lng. Dng chy l dng chy tng? Ta c th c tnh khi lng ring ca cht lng c
khng?( b qua tn tht cc b)
Bi gii:
ng khnh ng dn : D= 5 mm;
B qua tn tht cc b : Theo phng trnh Bernoulli. Ta c: z1
Gi s y ng nm ngang

p1

V12
p V2
z2 2 2 hw
2g
2g

D=const => V1=V2=V=


Thay vo phng trnh trn

Gi s y l dng chy tng =>

Tra bng t = 20oC , P = 1atm


C th l du SAE 30W vi

vi

y l dng chy tng

Bi 6.27: Du c t trng SG=0.9 chy ra t ng hnh 6.27, Q=35ft3/h. Xc nh nht ng


lc (theo ft2/s)? Dng chy l dng chy tng? ( b qua tn tht cc b)
Bi gii:
Chn mt ct 1,2 nh hnh v
Ta c:

p1 = p2 = pa

Q.4
35* 4 *12 2
V1 = 0 ; V2 = V=
=
= 7.13
D 4 3600 * * (0.5) 2
ft/s
z1 z2 = H =10 ft
Thay vo phng trnh Bernouli:
z1

p1

V12
p V2
z2 2 2 hw
2g
2g

=> H -

7.132
V2
= hw => hw = 10
= 9.21 ft
2g
2*32.2

Gi s y l dng chy tng:

64 64.

Re V .D

=> hw = .

L V 2 64. .L.V 2 32. .V 128.Q. .L


.

D 2g
D.V .2 g
D .g
.D 4 . g

=> = 3.76*10-4 ft2/s

Re

4.Q
= 790.53 < 2320 => Vy y l dng chy tng
..D

Bi 6.57: John Laufer (NACA Tech. Rep, 1954) a ra bng gi tr vn tc ti 20oC ca dng
khng kh chy trong 1 ng c thnh trn ng knh d=24.7cm ti Re= 5x105. ( b qua tn tht
cc b)Vn tc ti trc ng uCL = 30.5 m/s.
Xc nh : (a)Vn tc trung bnh bng tch phn s.(b) ng sut tip theo lut xp x logarit. So
snh vi th Moody v phng trnh 6.59

Bi gii:
(a) nhit t = 20oC, khng kh c

1.2kg / m3 , 1.8*105 kg / m.s , 1.51*105 m2 / s


Cng thc tch phn tnh vn tc trung bnh trn mt ct c tit din

Vtb

u.d R 2
d 2 r.dr vi r: 0 -> R

=> Vtb

1
u (2 R).dr
R 2 0

; chia 2 v cho uCL

r
dr
d
: 0 1
R
R

V
u
.2..d
=> tb
u CL 0 uCL
Tnh tch phn theo quy tc hnh thang, ta c:
u

u
u
u
u
.2

.
d

.(

2
1
2
1
3
2 .(3 2 ) ...
0 uCL
uCL 2
uCL 1
uCL 2
uCL 3
1

Tch phn ny c c lng theo bng tnh ca John Laufer.


Kt qu l

Vtb
=0.8356 => Vtb = 0.8356*30.5 = 25.5 m/s
uCL

(b) ng sut tip ri c c tnh theo lut logarit cho mi dim d liu
vi mi (u,y) ta c:

u 1 yu*
ln
B vi =0.41 v B= 5.0
u*
Ta bit c ca khng kh v (u,y) t d liu cho
=> V vy ta c c th tnh c u* .
Ta c bng tnh u* nh sau:

y/R

u/ucl

r/R

u/ucl
2r/Rdr/R

0.010373

0.898

0.997

0.102

0.031743

1.126

0.794

0.988

0.206

0.123319

1.128

0.588

0.959

0.412

0.195846

1.126

0.383

0.908

0.617

0.204455

1.112

0.216

0.847

0.784

0.084077

1.099

0.154

0.818

0.846

0.084871

1.101

u*

0.093

0.771

0.907

0.076371

1.098

0.037

0.69

0.963

0.024585

1.097

10

0.83564

=> u* = 1.1m/s 1%
M ri (u * ) 2 => ri = 1.2*(1.1)2 1.45 Pa
S dng th Moody v phng trnh 6.59

Hng s Re v c lng
Gi s V = 25m/s Re =

Re = 436000 ;
Hi t n V = 26,5m/s ;

Bi 6.101: Lm li bi 6.67. Vi tn tht do 1 ch ngot u vo v 1 van swing-check xon


c m hon ton, th cao h ca b phi tng thm bao nhiu %.

Bi gii:

* Khi cha tnh tn tht cc b

* Tnh tn tht cc b
i vi Open fully crewed swimg-check valve ng knh danh nh D = 1/2 in

i vi th chy t b vo ng vi mp vo sc cnh

Tn tht cc b :

=(5.1+0.5)

=10.52 ft

cao h cn t c l:

Bi 6.117: Sa li bi 6.116 nh sau: Q = 45m3/h i vi


nc 20oC, xc nh tn tht p sut ton b p1-p2 theo kPa.
B qua tn tht cc b
Bi gii:
Q = 45

=250 m ; LA = 100 m; LC = 150m

; LB

Gi s

)
167 kPa

Bi6.4:
Dng chy ca du 30 qua ng c d=5cm.Xc nh lu lng ca dng chy bng
chuyn i gia dng chy tng v dng chy ri 20 v 100
Gii:
Tra bng oil 30 ta c:
=891 kg/
=0.29kg/m.s 20
=0.01kg/m.s 100

/h ti im

Ta c = v Q=v.
a)Re=

=>Q=0.0293.
b)Re=

=2300

=106
=

=>Q=0.00101.

=
=3.6

Bi 6.20:
Mt ng ht soda di 20cm,ng knh d=2mm,n phn pht soda lnh,xp x nc 10 ,vi lu
lng 3
/s.Hi tn tht dc ng qua ng.Hi p lc theo trc gradient
x nu dng
chy l theo chiu thng ng t di ln v theo chiu ngang.
Phi ca con ngi c th phn pht dng ny khng?
Gii:
Vi nc 10 : =1000kg/
Re=

=f. .

v =(1.307)

kg/m.s

=1460
= .

m
Nu dng chy l dc,t di ln:
=

=19800

(1)

Nu dng chy l ngang:


=

=9980

(2)

Phi con ngi chc chn phn phi c trng hp (1)


Bi 33:

Cho hnh 6.25.Dung dch ethyl alcohol 25 v bn cha rt rng.Tm lu lng dng chy
theo
/h.C phi l dng chy tng khng.
Gii:
Ta c =789 kg/
=0.0012kg/m.s
p dng phng trnh becnuli:
+

Ta c
=f. .

= .

= ,

= =0.

= - =0.9m
=>Q=1.9.
Xt Re=

=0.00684
=795<2300 =>dng chy tng.

Bi 67:
Chiu cao h bng bao nhiu hnh 6.61 phn pht lu lng 0.015
commercial steel pipe.

/s qua ng D=0.5-in

Gii:
Vi nc 20 , =1.94slug/
=(2.09).

slug/ft.s

i vi commercial steel, =0.00015ft,hay


/D=0.00015/(0.5/12)=0.0036
V= =

( )

Re=
Ta c f=0.0301

=11 ft/s

=4250

h= +

(1+f. )=

(1+0.0301(

ch :ft/ =0.3048m/
Bi 105:
Cho hnh v
ng cast-iron di 1200m,ng knh D=5cm.
Gi s im 1 c nng ln 400m.Xc nh p sut ti
im 1 lu lng l 0.005
ca nc 20 vo
h cha.
Gii:
Vi nc 20

=998 kg/

, =0.001kg/m.s

i vi cast-iron , =0.26mm,v vy /D=0.52


Q= =

( )

Re=

=2.55m/s
=12700

Tra bng: f=0.0315


Tra bng:H s tn tht
:K=0.2
:K=0.3
Global valve:K=8.5
t m:K=1
p dng pt becnuli:
+

+ =0+0+

=500-400+

+ +
[0.0315(1200/0.05)+0.5+2.(0.2)+4.(0.3)+8.5+1-1]=353

=> =353.998.(9.81)=3.46Mpa
Bi 6.118:

Cho h thng nh hnh v:

Tt c cc ng bng b tng vi g gh l
0.04in.Tnh tn tht p sut p1-p2 bng lbf/
nu Q=20 /s.cht lng l nc 20
Gii:
Vi nc 20 , =1.94slug/
=(2.09).

slug/ft.s

Ta c:
L=1000ft

d=12in

L/d=1000

1500ft

12in

2250

800ft

8in

800

0.00333

1200ft

15in

960

0.00267

= =

=0.00333
0.00500

=25.5(ft/s)

( )

=(2.36).

=0.027

Do ng b,c,d song song nn:


=

=20 (

Suy ra:
=3.77

=5.38

Th vo ta c:Q=20
=349000,

=0.0306

=878000, =0.0271
=1002000,
Suy ra:

=1.835

=0.0255

(
(1+3.77 (

+5.38 (

=7.351
=10.814
Suy ra:
=5.25ft/s,

=9.36 ft/s,

=8.28ft/s

Vy tn tht p sut l:
- =

=17000 + 1800=18800psf 131 lbf/

Prob 6.6
Nc 200C,cht lng chy qua ng c d=8cm,vi lu lng l 850cm3/s.Xc nh xem dng
chy tng hay dng chy ri trong cc trng hp sau:
a) Hydro
b) Khng kh
c) Xng
d) Nc
e) Thu ngn
f) Glycerin
Gii:
Ta tnh s Reynold:
Re D

V .D

Vi: V

4.Q 4.(850. 6m3 / s )

0.169m / s
.D 2
.(0.08m) 2

Suy ra: Re D

v.d

0,169.0, 08

Ty thuc gi tr s Reynold, ta c
Chy tng nu: Re D 2320

Chy ri nu :

Re D 2320

Cht lng

, m2/s

ReD

Trng thi dng chy

Hydro

1.08E4

125

Chy tng

Khng kh

1.5E 5

900

Chy tng

Xng

4.3E 7

31400

Chy ri

Nc

1.0E 6

13500

Chy ri

Thy ngn

1.15E 7

117000

Chy ri

glycerin

1.18E 3

11.4

Chy tng

Prob 6.21:
Nc 20oC b tht thot qua 1 ng di 1m,d=2mm nh
hnh v.C phi bt k chiu cao H no cng cho dng chy
tng khng.Tnh lu lng ti H=50cm.B qua cong
ng.
BI GII:
Nc 20oC c =998kg/m3 v =0.001kg/m.s.Phng trnh Bernouli i vi cht lng thc:
patm 02
p
v2

z1 atm
z h
g 2g
g 2g 2 f

Hay:
V2
32 L
H
hf
V
2g
gd 2

0.5

=>

V2
32(0.001)(1.0)V

2.(9.81) 998(9.81)(0.002) 2

V 0.590

m
s

Vy lu lng Q khi H=50cm l:

QH 50cm

(0.002)2 (0.590) 1.85E 6

m3
m3
0.0067
s
s

Kim tra:

Re

998 0.590 0.002 1177 2320


0.001

=> khi H=50cm th dng chy l dng chy tng


Nu Re<2320 =>H<1.018=>dng chy l dng chy tng
Nu Re>2320=>H>1.018 dng chy l dng chy ri
Prob 6.34:
Cho h thng nh hnh 6.33,nu cht lng
c kg/m3 v lu lng cha bit trc,vi
gi tr no ca nht th xc nh c
chnh xc gi tr ti hn ca h s
ReyNolds(2300)?
Gii:
Thit lp phng trnh Bernuli:
p1
v2
p
v2
1 z1 2 2 z2 h f
.g 2.g
.g 2.g

vi p1 = p2 = p0 , v1 v2 0 do b tng
i ln
=> h f z1 z2 0,9m
M

l v2
hf f . .
0,9
d 2g

Ta c Re =2300 => dng chy tng => f

64 64.

Re .v.d

64. l v 2 32. .l.v 128..l


. .

.Q
.v.d d 2 g .g .d 2 . .g .d 4

=> h f

M Q

.d 2
4

=> h f

=> 2

.v

(do v

4.Q
)
.d 2

.d 2 Re. .d .Re.
.

4
.g
4.

128. .l
128. .l .d .Re. 32.Re. 2 .l
.
Q

0,9
. .g .d 4
. .g.d 4
4.
2 .g.d 3

0,9. 2 .g .d 3 0,9.9202.9,81.0, 0023

6, 769.107
32.l.Re
32.1, 2.2300

=> 8, 227.104 kg / (m.s)


Prob 6.68Nc 200 C c bm thng qua ng di 2000ft t b 1 ln b 2 vi lu lng 3ft3/s
nh hnh 6.68.Nu ng l gang c c ng knh 6 in v bm c hiu sut 75% th cng
sut cn thit ca my bm l bao nhiu(tnh bng Hp)? (B qua tn tht cc b)

Gii:
Nc 200C c 1,94slug / ft 3 ,

2, 09.105 slug / ft.s


ng bng gang c => 0,00085 ft
=>

C v

0, 00085
0, 0017
(6 /12)
Q
Q
3

15,3 ft / s
2
S ( d / 4) ( / 4).(6 /12)

Re

.v.d 1,94.15,3.6 /12

709000

2, 09.105

Tra biu Moody hoc tnh theo cng thc Frenken,ta c

f
(lg

0, 25
7, 4.r0

)2

0, 25
0, 0227
7, 4.(3 /12) 2
(lg
)
0, 00085

T phng trnh nng lng ta c:

p1
v12
p2 v2 2

z h

z h
.g 2.g 1 bom .g 2.g 2 f

vi p1 = p2 = p0 , v1 v2 0 do b tng i ln
l v2
=> hbom z2 z1 h f z f . .
d 2g

120 ft 0, 0227.

2000 (15.3)3
.
120 330 450 ft
6 /12 2.9,81

Cng sut ca my bm l:
.g.Q.hbom 1,94.(32.2).3.450 112200
P

204 Hp

0, 75
550
Vy P=204 Hp
Prob 6.110:
Gii:
Nc 200C c 998kg / m3 ,

0,001kg / m.s
ng gang c 0, 26mm ,=>

0, 26
0, 0052
50

Dng t thu t b ra ng => K=0,5


Tra bng 6.5,ta c globe valse(van cu ) c K 6,9
C

Q
Q
0, 004

2, 04m / s
2
S ( / 4).d
( / 4).0, 052

Re

.v.d 998.2, 04.0, 05

102000

0, 001

Tra biu Moody hoc tnh theo cng thc Frenken:


Ta c

f
(lg

0, 25
7, 4.r0

)2

0, 25
0, 0316
7, 4.0, 025 2
(lg
)
0, 00026

Ta c phng trnh nng lng:


p1
v2
p
v2
1 z1 2 2 z2 h f hm ht
.g 2.g
.g 2.g

vi p1 = p2 = p0 , v1 0 do b tng i ln, v2 v
=>

v2
ht z h f hm
2g

=>

l v2
v2 v2
ht z f . .
Ki .

d 2g
2g 2g

=>

ht z

=>
=>

ht 40

v2
l
.[ f . K i 1]
2g
d

2, 042
125
.[0, 0316.
0,5 6,9 1] 21,5m
2.9,81
0, 05

P .g.Q.ht 998.9,81.0, 004.21,5 840W

Vy P= 840 W

Prob 6.119:
Cho h thng ng dn nh hnh v. tt c cc ng l lin nhau vi nhm l 0.04 inch. Tr lc
(p1-p2) l 98lbf/ in2. B qua tn tht cc b, xc nh tc dng chy theo n v m3/h.

Bi gii:
T cu 6.118 c pa 17000 v p 18800 =>u tin,chng ta c th on rng:

La Va 2
1.94Va 2
lpf
pa 0.092p 0.092(98 144) 1272 2 f a
(0.027)(1000)
ft
da 2
2

=>Va=22.5ft/s v Qa AaVa
Ta c: h fb

12
ft 3
22.05 17.3
4
s

8 fb LbQb 2
8 f c LcQc 2
8 f d Ld Qd 2

fc
fd
2 gdb5
2 gdc5
2 gdd 5

=> Qc 3.77Qb fb / fc

1/2

v Qd 5.38Qb fb / f d

1/2

Li c Qa Qb Qc Qd
=> Qa Qb 1 3.77 fb / f c

1/2

5.38( fb / f d )1/2

Cho f b f c f d
=>Qb=1.585ft3/s , Qc=6.375ft3/s, Qd=9.358ft3/s, fb=0.037
Ta c:
p1 p2 f a La / d a Va 2 / 2 f b Lb / db Vb 2 / 2 12717 1382 14099

ng theo yu cu bi,vy Q 17.3

ft 3
m3
=1763.573
s
h

lbf
lbf
98 2
2
ft
in

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