CHUYN RU -PHNOL Dng 1:Bi tp tm cng thc phn t ru phnol Loi I:Bi tp t lun Bi 1:t chy hon ton

n mt ru n chc A ri dn ton b sn phm chy i qua bnh ng nc vi trong d thy khi lng bnh tng 14,2 gam ng thi sut hin 20gam kt ta .Xc nh cng thc phn t ca ru A (C2H6O) Bi 2 : t chy hon ton 9,2 gam mt ru no n chc A cn va 13,44 lt O2 (ktc) Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A .(C2H6O) Bi 3 : t chy hon ton 2,82 gam mt hp cht hu c A ch cha (C,H,O) .Cho ton b sn phm chy vo bnh ng dung dch nc vi trong d thy khi lng bnh tng 9,54gam v c 18 gam kt ta.xc nh cng thc phn t ca A bit t khi hi ca A so vi khng kh l 3,241 (C6H6O) Bi 4:t chy hon ton 5,8 gam mt cht hu c A th thu c 2,65gam xa ;2,25gam H2O v 12,1 gam CO2.Xc nh cng thc phn t A bit A c mt nguyn t Na . (C6H5ONa). Bi 5: t chy hon ton 2,7gam mt hp cht hu c A phi dng va ht 4,76 lt O2 (ktc).Sn phm ch c CO2 v H2O trong khi lng CO2 hn khi lng H2O l 5,9 gam . a.Xc nh cng thc n gin ca A (C7H8O) b.Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A bit khi lng phn t ca A nh hn glucozo (C6H12O6) c.Hy vit cng thc cu to c th c ca A bit A c vng thm (5 ng phn) d.Trong cc ng phn cu c ng phn no c phn ng vi NaOH (3 ng phn) Loi 2: Bi tp trc nghim Bi 1: t chy hon ton 2,3 gam mt ru A thu c 3,3 gam CO2 v 1,8 gam H2O .Xc nh cng thc phn t A a. C3H8O b. C3H8O2 c. C3H8O3 d. p n khc Bi 2*: C mt ru n chc Y, khi t chy Y ta ch thu c CO2 v H2O vi s mol nh nhau v s mol oxi tiu tn gp 4 ln s mol ca Y. Bit rng: Y lm mt mu dung dch brom v khi Y cng hp hiro th c ru n chc. Cng thc cu to mch h ca Y l: A. CH3-CH2-OH B. CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-OH C. CH3-CH=CH-CH2-OH D. CH2=CH-CH2-OH Bi 3: thi cao ng 2008: t chy hon ton mt ru (ancol) a chc, mch h X, thu c H2O v CO2 vi t l s mol tng ng l 3:2. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C3H8O2. B. C4H10O2. CC2H6O. D. C2H6O2 Bi 4: t chy hon ton hn hp 2 ru no n chc lin tip nhau trong dy ng ng ta thu c 4,5 gam H2O v 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc).Xc nh cng thc phn t hai ru A. CH4O v C3H8O C. B. C2H6O v C3H8O B. C2H6O v CH4O D. C4H10O v C3H8O Bi 5: Mt ru X mch h, khng lm mt mu nc brom. t chy a lt hi ru X th cn 2,5a lt oxi cng iu kin. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. C2H4(OH)2 B. C3H6(OH)2 C. C3H7OH D. C2H5OH Bi 6:Mt ru no n chc A c % oxi theo khi lng l 34,78% .Tm cng thc phn t ca ru A A. C2H5OH B. C3H7OH C.CH3OH D.C4H9OH Bi 7: thi i hc khi A 2008: Khi phn tch thnh phn mt ru (ancol) n chc X th thu c kt qu: tng khi lng ca cacbon v hiro gp 3,625 ln khi lng oxi. S ng phn ru (ancol) ng vi cng thc phn t ca X l A. 3. B.4. C.2. D. 1. CHUYN RU PHNOL Dng 2:Phn ng ca ru vi kim loi kim Loi I :Bi tp t lun Bi 1:Cho 3,7 gam mt ru n chc tc dng vi Na d thu c 700 cm3 H2 (o 27,30C v 0,88 atm ).Xc nh cng thc tng qut v cng thc cu to ca ru (C4H9OH) Bi 2: Cho m gam ru n chc X tc dng vi Na d th thu c 1,12 lt H2 .Nu t chy lng ru trn th cn va 10,08 lt CO2 v to thnh 6,72 lt CO2 cc kh u o ktc a.Tnh m (6 gam)

b.Tm cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca X (C3H8O v c 2 ru c cng thc ny ) Bi 3:Mt hp cht hu c A ch cha (C,H,O) .Khi ha hi 0,31gam A th thu c th tch bng th tch ca 0,16 gam O2 trong cng iu kin nhit v p sut . Mt khc cng 0,31 gam A tc dng vi Na d th thu c 112 ml H2 (ktc) .Tm cng thc phn t ca A (C2H6O2) Bi 4: Khi t chy hon ton 6,44 gam mt r A th thu c 9,24 gam CO2 .Mt khc khi cho 0,1 mol A tc dng hon ton vi Na thi thu c 3,36 lt kh (ktc) . Tm cng thc phn t v gi tn A (C3H5(OH)3) Bi 5 : X l ru no, Khi dt chy hon ton 1 mol X cn 3,5 mol O2 .Mt khc 1 mol X tc dng hon ton vi Na thu c 1,5 mol O2 .Tm cng thc phn t ca X (C3H8O) Bi 6 :Cho 0,05 mol mt ru A Tc dng vi Na d sinh ra 1,12 lt H2 (ktc).Nu cho 7,6 gam ru ny tc dng vi K th thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). a.Xc nh cng thc phn t v vit cc cng thc cu to c th c ca ru A .S: C3H6(OH)2 b.Xc nh cng thc cu to ng ca A bit A c phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 cho dung dch xanh lam Bi 7:Cho 11,95gam hn hp gm ancol etylic v etylenglicol tc dng hon ton vi Na d thu c 3,64 lt H2 ktc .Tnh phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn hp (0,125 mol C2H5OH v 0,1 mol C2H4(OH)2 0,1 mol ) Bi 8:Cho 15,2 gam hn hp glixerol v mt ru no n chc A tc dng vi Na thu c 4,48 lt kh H2 ktc .Nu cho hn hp trn tc dng vi Cu(OH)2 th ha tan c 4,9 gam Cu(OH)2 Xc nh cng thc phn t ca ru A (C3H7OH) Bi 9: Cho 20,3 gam hn hp glixerol v mt ru no n chc A tc dng vi Na thu c 5,04 lt kh H2 ktc .Mt khc 8,12 gam A hon tan va ht 1,96 gam Cu(OH)2 a. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca ru A (C4H9OH) b.Tnh phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn hp (54,68% v 45,32% ) Bi 10: Cho A v B l hai ru n chc, mch h .A l ru no, B l ru khng no trong phn t c mt ni i .Cho hn hp X gm 3 gam A v 2,9 gam B tc dng vi Na d sinh ra 1,12 lt kh H2 ktc Xc nh 2 ru A v B (C3H7OH v CH2=CH-CH-CH2-OH) Bi 11: Cho 11 gam hn hp 2 ru no n chc tc dng hon ton vi Na d th thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 ktc. a.Xc nh cng thc phn t ca hai ru (C2H5OH v CH3OH) b.Tnh phn trm khi lng mi cht trong hn hp ( 58,18% v 41,82%) Bi 12: i hc Nng Nghip -1998 Cho 2,84 gam hn 2 ru no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi mt lng Na va th thu c 4,6 gam cht rn v V lt kh (ktc) a.Tnh V (0,896 lt ) b.Xc nh cng thc phn t 2 ru trn (CH3OH v C2H5OH ) Bi 13:i hc Nng Nghip I-2001 Hn hp X gm 2 ru n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng .Chia X lm 2 phn bng nhau -Phn 1:t chy hon ton, ri cho ton b sn phm chy vo bnh ng nc vi trong d th thu c 7 gam kt ta v bnh ng nc vi tng 5,24 gam . -Phn 2: Tc dng vi Na d thu c V lt H2 ( 27,30C v 1,25 atm ) a.Xc nh cng thc pt v phn trm mi ru trong hn hp (CH3OH :0,03 mol v C2H5OH : 0,02 mol) Bi 14: t chy hon ton 23 gam mt ru A thu c 44 gam CO2 v 27 gam H2O a.Cho 23 gam Na tc dng vi Na Tnh th tch kh thu c (ktc) :5,6 lt b.Mt hn hp X gm A v B mt ng ng ca A c khi lng l 18,8 gam tc dng hon ton vi Na to ra 5,6 lt kh ktc .Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A v B v tnh phn trm mi ru trong hn hp (CH3OH :0,3 mol v C2H5OH : 0,2 mol) Loi II:Bi tp trc ngim Bi 1:Cho Na d tc dng hon ton vi 21,2 gam hn hp hai ru no n chc sinh ra 4,48 lt kh H2 ktc . Bit ru ny c s nguyn t gp i ru kia .Cng thc cu to 2 ru l A .CH3OH v C2H5OH B.C2H5OH v C4H9OH C.C3H7OH v C6H13OH C.C4H9OH v C8H17OH Bi 2:Cho 1,24 gam hn hp 2 ru n chc tc dng vi Na va thy thot ra 336ml H2 ktc .Khi lng mui thu c l A.1,93 gam B.2,93 gam C.2,9 gam D.1,47 gam

Bi 3:Cho 4,6 gam hn hp gm Ru mtylic v prpylic (t l s mol l 1:1) tc dng hon ton vi Na thu c V lt kh .Gi tri ca V l A. 2,24 lt B. 1,12 lt C. 22,4 lt D. 11,2 lt Bi 4: Cho 2,84 gam mt hn hp hai ru no n chc l ng ng lin tip nhau tc dng vi mt lng Na va , to ra 4,6 gam cht rn v V lt kh H2 ktc. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca hai ru trn. A. CH3OH v C2H5OH B. C2H5OH v C4H9OH C. C3H5OH v C4H9OH D. Cc cu A, B, C u sai Bi 5: Cho natri kim loi tc dng vi 1,06gam hn hp hai ru ng ng lin tip ca ru metylic thy thot ra 224ml hiro (o ktc). Xc nh cng thc phn t mi ru. A. CH3OH v C2H5OH B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH C. C4H9OH v C5H11OH D. Kt qu khc Bi 6: Cho 11 gam hn hp 2 ru no n chc k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, tc dng ht vi Na th thu c 3,36 lt kh H2 (ktc). Cng thc cu to 2 ru l: A. CH3OH v C2H5OH B. CH3OH v C3H7OH C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH D. C4H7OH v C5H11OH Bi 7: Cho 9,2 gam h2 2 ancol propylic v ancol n chc B tc dng vi Na d, sau phn ng thu c 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). B l ancol no di y? A.CH3OH B. C2H5OH C. C3H5OH D. p n khc Bi 8: Cho 15,2 gam hn hp 2 ancol n chc tc dng vi Na va , sau phn ng thu c 21,8 gam cht rn v bao nhiu lt hiro (ktc)? A. 1,12 B. 2,24 C. 3,36 D. 4,48 Bi 9: Cho 18,8 gam hn hp 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng tc dng vi Na d, to ra 5,6 lt kh hiro (ktc). Cng thc phn t ca 2 ancol l A.C2H5OH v C3H7OH B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH C. CH3OH v C2H5OH D. p n khc Bi 10: thi cao ng 2008 :t chy hon ton hn hp M gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y l ng ng k tip ca nhau, thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,425 mol H2O. Mt khc, cho 0,25 mol hn hp M tc dng vi Na (d), thu c cha n 0,15 mol H2. Cng thc phn t ca X, Y l: A. C2H6O, CH4O. B. C3H6O, C4H8O. C. C2H6O, C3H8O. D. C2H6O2, C3H8O2 CHUYN RU PHNOL Dng 3:Phn ng tch nc ca ru v hp nc ca anken Bi 1: Hydrat ha 14,8 gam mt ru th thu c 11,2 gam anken .Cng thc tng qut ca ru l A.C2H5OH B.C3H7OH C.CH3OH D.C4H9OH Bi 2: Thc hin phn ng tch nc vi mt ru n chc A iu kin thch hp sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton c cht hu c B (c t khi hi so vi A bng 1,6. Xc nh cng thc phn t ru A A. C2H5OH B. C4H9OH C. CH3OH D. C3H7OH Bi 3: un nng m1 gam ancol no, n chc A vi H2SO4 c nhit thch hp thu c m2 gam cht hu c B. T khi hi ca B so vi A bng 1,4375. Hiu sut ca phn ng t 100%. Cng thc phn t ca A l A.CH3OH B.C2H5OH C.C3H7OH D.C4H9OH Bi 4: Hydrat ha 6 gam mt ru th thu c 1.68 lt anken vi hiu sut phn ng l 75% .Cng thc tng qut ca ru l A.C2H5OH B.C3H7OH C.CH3OH D.C4H9OH Bi 5:Hydrat ha mt ru A ch thu c mt anken duy nht c t khi so vi Nit l 2 .Tn gi ca A A.Etanol B.Metanol C.Propan -1-ol D.Butan-1-ol Bi 6:Ru no n chc X mch h c t khi vi H2 l 37 .Cho X tc dng vi H2SO4 c nung nng 1800C .Thu dc 1 anken mch thng duy nht .X l A.Etanol B.2-metyl propanol-2 C.Propan -1-ol D.Butan-1-ol Bi 7:un nng V ml ru etylic 950 vi H2SO4 c 1800C thu c 3,36 lt etilen ktc. Bit hiu sut phn ng l 60% v khi lng ring ca ru l 0,8 gam/ml .Gi tr ca V l A.10,18 ml B.15,13 ml C.8,19 ml D.12 ml Bi 8:Chia m gam hn hp 2 ru thnh 2 phn bng nhau -Phn 1:t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 ktc

-Phn 2 : Hydrat ha th thu c hn hp 2 anken .Nu t chy hon ton 2 anken th thu c bao nhiu gam nc A.0,36 gam B.0,9 gam C.0,54 gam D.1,8 gam Bi 9 :Tch nc hon ton mt hn hp ru X ta thu c hn hp Y gm cc anken .Nu t chy X th thu c 1,76 gam CO2, cn khi t chy Y th khi lng CO2 v H2O thu c l bao nhiu A.2,94 gam B.2,48 gam C.1,76 gam D.2,76 gam Bi 10: thi i hc khi B 2008: un nng mt ru (ancol) n chc X vi dung dch H2SO4 c trong iu kin nhit thch hp sinh ra cht hu c Y, t khi hi ca X so vi Y l 1,6428. Cng thc phn t ca Y l A. C3H8O. B. C2H6O. C. CH4O. D. C4H8O. Bi 11: thi i hc khi B 2008 : un nng hn hp gm hai ru (ancol) n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng vi H2SO4 c 140oC. Sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 6 gam hn hp gm ba ete v 1,8 gam nc. Cng thc phn t ca hai ru trn l A. CH3OH v C2H5OH. B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. C. C3H5OH v C4H7OH. D. C3H7OH v C4H9OH. Bi 12: thi cao ng 2008: Khi un nng hn hp ru (ancol) gm CH3OH v C2H5OH (xc tc H2SO4 c, 140oC) th s ete thu c ti a l A. 1. B.3. C. 4. D. 2. Bi 13: thi i hc khi A 2008 : Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-2 (hay 3-metylbutan-2-ol), sn phm chnh thu c l A. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en). B. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en). C. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en). D. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).