BI TP ANKAN

I. TON CRACKINH ANKAN

Cu 1: Crackinh 560 lt C4H10 thu c 1010 lt hn hp kh X khc nhau. Bit th tch cc kh u o (kc). Tm th tch C4H10 cha b cracking v hiu sut ca phn ng cracking. Cu 2: Crackinh 0,1 mol pentan c hn hp X. t chy hon ton X, sn phm c dn vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d. Hi khi lng dung dch cui cng thu c tng hay gim bao nhiu gam? Cu 3: Crackinh C4H10 thu c hn hp gm 5 hidrocacbon c t khi hi i vi kh hydro l 16,325. Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng cacking? Cu 4: Nhit phn 13,2gam propan thu c hn hp kh X .Bit c 90% propan b nhit phn a. Tnh th tch kh O2(ktc) cn t chy kh X b. Tnh lng nc v CO2 thu c? Cu 5. Crackinh 5,8 gam C4H10 c hn hp kh X. Tm khi lng nc thu c khi t chy hon ton hn hp X. p s: 9 gam Cu 6. Nhit phn metan thu c hn hp X gm C2H2 ; CH4 ; H2. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 5. Tm hiu
Cu 7: Khi tin hnh craking 22,4 lt kh C4H10 (ktc) thu c hn hp A gm CH4, C2H6, C2H4, C3H6, C4H8, H2 v C4H10 d. t chy hon ton A thu c x gam CO2 v y gam H2O. Gi tr ca x v y tng ng l A. 176 v 180. B. 44 v 18. C. 44 v 72. D. 176 v 90. Cu 8: Craking m gam n-butan thu c hp A gm H2, CH4, C2H4, C2H6, C3H6, C4H8 v mt phn butan cha b craking. t chy hon ton A thu c 9 gam H2O v 17,6 gam CO2. Gi tr ca m l A. 5,8. B. 11,6. C. 2,6. D. 23,2. Cu 9: Khi crackinh ton b mt th tch ankan X thu c ba th tch hn hp Y (cc th tch kh o cng

iu kin nhit v p sut); t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 12 . Xc nh CTPT ca X? Cu 10: Thc hin phn ng tch hydro t ankan A thu c hn hp gm H2 v ba hidrocacbon B ; C ; D. t chy hon ton 4,48 lt B hoc C hoc D u thu c 17,92 lt CO2 v 14,4 gam H2O. Xc nh CTPT ca A ; B ; C ; D. Bit th tch cc kh o (ktc). Cu 11. Thc hin phn ng tch H2 6,72 lit hn hp X gm C2H6 v C3H8 thu c 11,2 lit hn hp Y gm cc anken, ankan v H2. Tnh th tch dung dch Brom 1M cn dng tc dng ht vi Y. Cu 12. Dn 2,24 lit kh propan qua bnh ng Niken nung nng thu c 3,92 lit hn hp kh Y. Dn ton b Y qua bnh ng dung dch Brom d th thy c m gam Brom tham gia phn ng. Tm m. Cu 13. Thc hin phn ng cracking 3,36 lit propan thu c hn hp A gm 2 hidrocacbon. Cho A qua bnh ng Vml dung dch Brom 0,5M thy dung dch Brom mt mu v kh Y thot ra khi bnh c d Y/H2 = 9,5 . Tm V. Cu 14. Cracking 18 gam ankan A ri cho ton b sn phm thu c li qua bnh ng dung dich Brom d thy cn li 5,6 lit hn hp kh B gm cc ankan, d B/H2 =13,6 . Tm CTPT ca A.

II. PHN NG TH
Bi 1: Vit tt c cc ng phn ca hp cht c CTPT l C5H12. Cho bit 2 cht A, B l 2 trong s cc ng phn . A, B tc dng vi Cl2 th A ch to ra 1 dn xut monoclo duy nht, B to ra 4 dn xut monoclo. Cho bit cu to ca A, B v cc dn xut Clo ca chng. Gi tn? Bi 2: Xc nh CTCT ca C6H14, bit rng khi tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l 1:1 ta ch thu c 2 ng phn monoclo. Gi tn 2 ng phn ? Bi 3: Mt ankan A c thnh phn phn trm C l 83,33%. Tm CTPT v xc nh CTCT ng ca A bit rng khi cho A tc dng vi Cl2 theo t l mol 1: 1 ta ch thu c 1 sn phm th monoclo. Bi 4: Mt ankan A tc dng vi hi Brom cho dn xut brm B. Bit t khi hi ca B i vi khng kh bng 5,207. Tm CTPT ca A,B? Bi 5: Khi tin hnh phn ng th gia ankan A v kh Clo ngi ta thu c 2 dn xut th clo. T khi hi ca 2 cht so vi hiro ln lt bng 32,25 v 49,5. a, Lp CTPT ca A b, Vit CTCT ca 2 dn xut th clo

III. TON T CHY.

Cu 1. Khi t chy hon ton 7,84 lt hn hp kh gm CH4, C2H6, C3H8 (ktc) thu c 16,8 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v x gam H2O. Gi tr ca x l A. 6,3. B. 13,5. C. 18,0. D. 19,8. Cu 2. t chy hon ton mt th tch kh thin nhin gm metan, etan, propan bng oxi khng kh (trong khng kh, oxi chim 20% th tch), thu c 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 9,9 gam H2O. Th tch khng kh ( ktc) nh nht cn dng t chy hon ton lng kh thin nhin trn l A. 70,0 lt. B. 78,4 lt. C. 84,0 lt. D. 56,0 lt. Cu 3. t chy hon ton 0,15 mol hn hp X gm hai hirocacbon no. Sn phm thu c cho hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thu c 37,5 gam kt ta v khi lng bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH) 2 tng 23,25 gam. CTPT ca 2 hirocacbon trong X l : A. C2H6 v C3H8 B. C3H8 v C4H10 C. CH4 v C3H8 D. Khng th xc nh c Cu 4. Hp cht X l hyrocacbon no phn t c 5 nguyn t cacbon. Khi cho X th Clo iu kin as , t l mol 1: 1 th ch to ra 1 sn phm th . Hn hp A gm 0,02 mol X v 1 lng hyrocacbon Y. t chy ht hn hp A thu c 0,11 mol CO2 v 0,12 mol H2O . Tn gi ca X , Y tng ng l . A. neopentan v etan B. xiclohexan v etan C. neopentan v metan D. xiclopentan v metan Cu 5 (A-10) t chy hon ton mt lng hirocacbon X. Hp th ton b sn phm chy vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 (d) to ra 29,55 gam kt ta, dung dch sau phn ng c khi lng gim 19,35 gam so vi dung dch Ba(OH)2 ban u. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C3H8. B. C2H6. C. C3H4. D. C3H6. Cu 6. (C-08) t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon X thu c 0,11 mol CO2 v 0,132 mol H2O. Khi X tc dng vi kh clo (theo t l s mol 1:1) thu c mt sn phm hu c duy nht. Tn gi ca X l A. 2-Metylbutan. B. etan. C. 2,2-imetylpropan. D. 2-Metylpropan
Cu 1. Thc hin phn ng tch H2 6,72 lit hn hp X gm C2H6 v C3H8 thu c 11,2 lit hn hp Y gm cc anken, ankan v H2. Tnh th tch dung dch Brom 1M cn dng tc dng ht vi Y. Cu 2. Dn 2,24 lit kh propan qua bnh ng Niken nung nng thu c 3,92 lit hn hp kh Y. Dn ton b Y qua bnh ng dung dch Brom d th thy c m gam Brom tham gia phn ng. Tm m. Cu 3. Thc hin phn ng cracking 3,36 lit propan thu c hn hp A gm 2 hidrocacbon. Cho A qua bnh ng Vml dung dch Brom 0,5M thy dung dch Brom mt mu v kh Y thot ra khi bnh c d Y/H 2 = 9,5 . Tm V. Cu 4. Cracking 18 gam ankan A ri cho ton b sn phm thu c li qua bnh ng dung dich Brom d thy cn li 5,6 lit hn hp kh B gm cc ankan, d B/H 2 =13,6 . Tm CTPT ca A.

BI TP ANKEN
I. PHN NG CHY
Cu 1. Hn hp X gm hirocacbon A va O2 (ti l mol tng ng 1:10). t chay hoan toan X c hn hp Y. Dn Y qua binh H SO4 c d c hn Z co ti khi so vi hiro la 19. Tm CTPT ca A ? 2 Cu 2. t chy hon ton 20 ml hn hp X gm C3H6, CH4, CO (th tch CO gp hai ln th tch CH4), thu c 24 ml CO2 (o cng nhit v p sut). Bit
d
X/H 2

=a

. Tm a.

Cu 3. t chy hon ton 2,24 lit hn hp gm CH4, C4H10 v C2H4 thu c 0,14 mol CO2 v 0,23mol H2O. Tm th tch ca anken v ankan trong hn hp. Cu 4. t chy ht 7 gam hn hp gm C2H4, C3H6, C4H8 cn V lit oxi. Tm V. Cu 5. Hn hp X gm C2H4, C3H6, C4H8 v C5H10. t chy ht 3,2 gam X cn V lit Oxi thu c a gam CO2 v 4,5 gam H2O. Tm a v V. Cu 6. Hn hp X gm C2H4, C3H6, C4H8 v C5H10. Cho m gam X tc dng vi dung dch Brom th thy c 32 gam Brom tham gia phn ng. Nu hidro ha hon ton m gam hn hp X bng lng H2 va ri t chy ht lng sn phm th thu c 22 gam CO2 v a gam H2O. Tm m v a. Cu 7. t chy hon ton 1 anken A bng Oxi thu c CO2 v H2O. Bit tng th tch ca CO2 v H2O ng bng tng th tch ca Oxi v anken. Tm CTPT ca A.

II. PHN NG CNG Br2

Cu 1. Cu 2. Hn hp X gm mt ankan A v mt anken B c cng s nguyn t C. T kh hi hn hp X i vi H2 bng 21,66. Nu cho 3,36 lt hn hp X qua bnh ng dung dch brom d thy c 8 gam brom phn ng. a. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A, B. b. t chy hon ton 3,36 lt hn hp X ni trn cn bao nhiu lt khng kh. Cu 3. Mt hn hp X gm ankan A v anken B u th kh. Khi cho 6,72 lt kh X i qua nc brom d, khi lng bnh brom tng ln 2,8 gam; th tch kh cn li ch bng 2/3 th tch hn hp X ban u. Nu t chy ht 3,36 lit X th thu c 17,6 gam CO2. Tm CTPT ca A, B v khi lng ca hn hp X. Cu 4. Mt hn hp X gm ankan A v mt anken B c cng s nguyn t C v u th kh. Cho hn hp X i qua nc Br2 d th th tch kh Y cn li bng na th tch X, cn khi lng Y bng 15/29 khi lng X. Tm CTPT A, B . Cu 5. Dn 1,68 lt hn hp kh X gm 1 anken v 1 ankan vo bnh ng dung dch brom (d). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, c 4 gam Brom phn ng . Nu t chy hon ton 1,68 lt X th sinh ra 2,8 lt kh CO2. Tm CTPT ca hai hirocacbon ? Cu 6. Hn hp X gm anken A v ankan B c s mol bng nhau, dX/H2 =18 . Cho 6,72 lit hn hp X qua bnh ng 100 gam dung dch Brom 16% n phn ng hon ton thu c hn hp kh c ca A, B.
d B/H =20 . 2

Tm CTPT

III. PHN NG CNG H2

Cu 1. Cho 5,6 lit C2H4 tc dng vi 7,84 lit H2 (Ni, t0) thu c hn hp A. Cho A li qua bnh ng dung dch Brom n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thy c 8 gam Brom tham gia phn ng. Tnh Hp hiro ha anken. Cu 2. Dn 2,24 lit H2 v 2,24 lit C2H4 qua bt Niken nung nng thu c hn hp kh X , d X/Y = 0,6 . Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho anken Cu 4. Hn hp A gm C2H4 v H2 c
d
A/H 2

= 7,5

. em hn hp A qua Ni, to thu c hn hp B c

B/H 2

=9

Tnh hiu sut phn ng. Cu 5. Cho hn hp X gm anken A v H2 c t khi so vi heli bng 3,33. Cho X i qua bt niken nung nng n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi heli l 4. Tm CTPT ca A.

Cu 6. Cho hn hp X gm etilen v H2 c t khi so vi H2 bng 4,25. Dn X qua bt niken nung nng thu c hn hp Y. Bit hiu sut phn ng l 75%. Tnh t khi ca Y so vi H2 ? Cu 7. Hn hp A gm 2 anken. Khi dn 3,696 lit A i qua bnh ng nc brom d thy bnh nng thm 7 g. Khi cho 7,392 lit A vi 3,696 lit H2 i qua Ni nung nng thu c hn hp kh B. Tnh t khi ca B so vi Oxi Cu 8. Cho H2 v 1 olefin A (t l mol 1:1) qua Niken un nng ta c hn hp X. Bit
d
X/H 2

= 23,2

. Hiu

sut phn ng hiro ho l 75%. Tm CTPT ca A. Cu 9. Hn hp X gm 0,15 mol C2H4 v 0,25 mol H2. Dn X qua bt Ni nung nng thu c hn hp Y. Cho Y qua dung dch Brom d thy khi lng bnh Brom tng thm 1,82 gam . Tm Hiu sut phn ng hidro ha anken. Cu 10. Hn hp X gm 0,2 mol C2H4, 0,3 mol C3H6 v 0,5 mol H2. Dn X qua bt Niken nung nng. Sau 1 thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y tc dng vi dung dch Brom d thy khi lng bnh tng thm 3,64 gam v c 16 gam Brom tham gia phn ng. Coi hiu sut hidro ha ca 2 anken l nh nhau. Tm Hp ? Cu 11. Hn hp A gm 1 ankan , 1 anken v H2. em 5,6 lit hn hp A qua Ni, to, sau phn ng thu c 4,48 lit hn hp B, dn tip B qua dung dch brm d th thy khi lng bnh brm tng ln 3,15 gam v c 2,8 lit hn hp kh C gm 2 kh thot ra. Bit
d
C/H 2

= 17,8

cc th tch o ktc. Xc nh CTPT ca ankan v

anken Cu 12. Hn hp kh X gm c H2, ankan A v anken B. t chy 150 ml hn hp X thu c 315 ml CO 2. Mt khc khi nung nng 150 ml hn hp X vi Ni th sau phn ng thu c 105 ml mt ankan duy nht. a. Xc nh % th tch mi kh trong hn hp X ban u b. Xc inh CTPT ca A v B c. Tnh t khi hn hp X i vi khng kh.

BI TP ANKIN
1. DNG TM CTCT

Bi:1 Cho X c CTPT C6H6 mch h phn ng vi AgNO3/NH3(d) theo t l mol 1:2 tm CTCT tha mn A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4 Bi:2 Cho A, B, C, mch h c CTGN l (CH) 2 phn ng c vi dd AgNO3/NH3(d), n <10. Tm CTCT c th c A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4 Bi 3: Mt cht A c cng thc l C7 H 8 cho A tc dng vi Ag 2O d trong NH 3 c kt ta B .Khi lng phn t ca B ln hn khi lng phn t ca A l 214 v.C . Cc CTCT c th c ca A A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4 2. DNG HN HP C CTPT Bi 1: Hn hp B gm C2H6; C2H4 v C3H4. Cho 12,24 gam hn hp B v dung dch AgNO3/NH3 c d sau phn ng thu c 14,7 gam kt ta. Mt khc 4,256 lt kh B (kc) phn ng va vi 140ml dung dch Brom 1M. Tnh khi lng C2H6 trong 12,24 gam B ban u. Cho bit cc phn ng xy ra hon ton A. 6gam. B. 2,24gam. C. 3gam. D. 4gam Bi 2: Mt hn hp gm axetilen, propilen v metan -t chy hon ton 11g hn hp th thu c 12,6g H2O -Mt khc 5,6 lt hn hp (kc) phn ng va vi ung dch cha 50g Brom. Xc nh thnh phn % th tch C2H2 A. 50%;. B. 25%;. C. 30%;. D. 40%; Bi 3: Hn hp X gm C3H6O2 ; C3H8O v C3H4 th hi c t l th tch bng nhau. t chy hon ton X thu c 10,08 lit CO2 (ktc) v m gam H2O. Tnh m A.. B.. C. D. 3. DNG CANXICACBUA-HIU SUT Bi 1: Cho 4,96 gam Ca; CaC2 tc dng vi H 2O thu c 2,24(l) hn hp X. un nng X c mt cht xc tc thch hp thu c hn hp Y. Cho Y li qua bnh dng nc Brom d thy cn li 0,448(l) hn hp Z c d Z / H 2 =4,5. Hi bnh tng bao nhiu gam. A. 0,4gam B. 0,2gam C. 0,25gam D. 0,8gam Bi 2: Chia 2,24 lit C2 H 2 (kc). Chia lng C2 H 2 trn thnh hai phn khng bng nhau *Phn 1 tc dng vi dd AgNO3 / NH 3 to ra 9,6g kt ta *Phn 2 trn vi 0,24g H 2 to ra hn hp X, nung X vi Ni xc tc c hn hp Y chia Y thnh hai phn bng nhau -Phn 1 cho qua bnh ng Brom d cn li 784ml kh thot ra, bnh tng thm a gam -Phn 2 cho qua dd AgNO3 / NH 3 d to ra m gam kt ta. Bit rng % C2 H 2 chuyn ha thnh C2 H 6 =1,5 ln % C2 H 2 chuyn ha thnh C2 H 4 , Tnh a v m ln lt A. a=0,41g; m=1,2g B . a=0,82g; m=2,4g C. a=0,51g; m=1,2g D. a=0,41g; m=2,2g 3 0 Bi 3: Cho 37 dm C2H2 ( 20 C v 740 mHg) i qua ng cha than nung nng ti 6000C ngi ta thu c 36g benzen. Tnh hiu sut phn ng? A. 92,3% B. 82,3%%;. C. 72,3%%;. D. 94,3% Bi 4: Cht do PVC c iu ch t kh thin nhin theo s sau (hs: hiu sut) hs:15% hs:95% hs:90% CH4 C2H2 CH2=CH-Cl PVC. Hi cn bao nhiu m3 kh thin nhin (kc) iu ch c 1 tn PVC (bit CH4 chim 95% th tch kh thin nhin) A. 4883 m3 B. 5783 m3 C. 5886 m3 D. 5885 m3 4. DNG HN HP TM CTPT

Bi 1: t chy hon ton 0,25 mol hn hp gm ankin X v anken Y thu sn phm ln lt cho qua bnh I ng P2O5 d bnh II ng KOH d th thy bnh I khi lng tng 11,7g bnh II khi lng tng 30,8g. Xc nh CTPT ca X v Y bit rng X km hn Y mt nguyn t C? s: A. C2H2; C3H6 B. C3H4; C4H8 C. C3H4; C2H4 D. C4H6; C5H10 3 Bi 2: t chy 30 cm hn hp hai ankin X, Y hn km nhau 1 nguyn t C trong phn t to thnh 110 cm 3 CO2. Bit cc th tch kh o cng iu kin v MX>MY. Ly 3,36 lt hn hp trn (kc) cho li qua bnh ng dd AgNO3/NH3 thu c 7,35 g kt ta. Xc nh CTCT ca Y? A. butin -2 B. butin -1 C. propin D. axetilen Bi 3: Mt hn hp gm hiro, mt ankan v mt ankin. Hai hirocacbon ny c cung s nguyn t C. t chy 100 cm3 hn hp trn thu c 210 cm3 kh CO2. Nu un nng 100 cm3 hn hp vi bt Ni th ch cn 70 cm3 mt hirocacbon duy nht. Cc th tch cc kh o cng iu kin. Tm CTPT ca hai hirocacbon A. C3H8; C3H4 B. C2H6; C2H2 C. C4H10; C4H6 D.C5H12; C5H8 Bi 5: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol cht hu c A cn 12,8g Oxi. Sau phn ng thu c 16,8 lt hn hp hi ( 136,50C v 1atm) gm CO2 v hi nc. Hn hp ny c t khi so vi CH4 l 2,1. Xc nh tn A bit rng A to kt ta vng khi cho tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3. A. C3H4 B. C4H8 C. C3H6 D. C4H6 Bi 6: Mt hn hp kh gm H2 v 2 hirocacbon c cng s nguyn t C trong phn t (1 cht c ni i v 1 cht c ni 3). t chy hon ton 90ml hn hp y th thu c 120ml CO2. Mt khc nu un nng 90ml hn hp trn vi bt Ni n khi phn ng hon ton th ch cn li 40ml hirocacbon no duy nht Tm CTPT ca 2 hirocacbon A. C3H6, C3H4 B. C2H4 , C2H2 C. C4H8 , C4H6 D. C5H10 , C5H8 Bi 10: t chy hh Z gm 2 hidrocacbon X, Y thuc cng dy ng ng thu c 19,712 lit CO2 (kc) v 10,08g H 2O . Chn CTCT ng ln lt ca X, Y bit rng khi cho lng Z tc dng vi AgNO3 / NH 3 thu c 48g kt ta. A. axetilen, butin -2 B. axetilen, butin -1 C. axetilen, propin D. propin, butin -2

Bi11: Hn hp X gm H 2 v mt hidrocacbon A th kh ktc. xc nh CTPT ca A ngi ta thy T khi d X / H 2 = 6,7. Cho X qua Ni nung nng (A phn ng ht ) thu c Y c dY / H 2 =16,75. Xc nh CTPT ca A trn A. C3H4 B. C2H2 C. C4H6 D. C2H4

5. DNG PHN NG VI H2 Bi 1: Mt bnh kn dung tch 17,92 lt ng hn hp kh X gm H2 v C2H2 (ktc), t khi hi ca X so vi Hiro bng 4 v mt t bt Ni. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian sau lm lnh n 0 0C. Nu cho lng kh trong bnh sau khi nung i qua dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d s to ra 2,4 gam kt ta vng. Nu cho lng kh trong bnh sau khi nung qua dung dch Brom ta thy khi lng dung dch Brom tng 0,82g. Tnh th tch kh etan sinh ra A. 3,508 lt B. 5,376 lt C. 3,408 lt D. 3,005 lt Bi 2: Nung nng hn hp kh X gm H2, C2H2, C2H4 c Ni xc tc thu c 5,6 lt (kc) hn hp kh Y c t khi hi i vi H2 bng 12,2. t chy hon ton hn hp X ri hp th ton b sn phm chy vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d to ra kt ta. Tnh khi lng kt ta to thnh bit rng cc phn ng xy ra hon ton A. 40gam B. 30gam C. 20gam D. 25gam Bi 3: Hn hp Z gm 0,15 mol CH4; 0,09 mol C2H2 v 0,2 mol H2 . Nung nng hn hp Z vi cht xc tc Ni thu c hn hp Y. Cho Y qua dung dch Brom d thu c hn hp kh A c phn t lng trung bnh l 16. tng khi lng dung dch brom l 0,82 gam. Tnh s mol mi cht trong A

s: 0,15 mol CH4; 0,06 mol C2H6 v 0,06 mol H2 Bi 4: Hn hp kh A gm Hiro, etan v axetilen. Cho t t 6 lt A qua Ni nung nng th thu c 3 lt mt cht kh duy nht. Tnh t khi hi ca A so vi hiro. Bit rng cc kh o kc A. 7,5 B. 10 C. 13,5 D. 10,05 Cu 5: Hn hp kh X gm 0,3 mol H2 v 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen. Nung X mt thi gianvi tc Ni thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi khng kh l 1. Nu cho ton b Y sc t t vo dung dch brom (d) th c m gam brom tham gia phn ng. Gi tr ca m l A. 16,0. B. 3,2. C. 8,0. D. 32,0. (C A/2009 Cu 6: un nng hn hp kh gm 0,06 mol C2H2 v 0,04 mol H2 vi xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y. Dn ton b hn hp Y li t t qua bnh ng dung dch brom (d) th cn li 0,448 lt hn hp kh Z ( ktc) c t khi so vi O2 l 0,5. Khi lng bnh dung dch brom tng l A. 1,04 gam. B. 1,32 gam. C. 1,64 gam. D. 1,20 gam. (H A/2008)

BI TP TNG HP ANKEN, ANKIN (H-C)

Cu 1: Hn hp kh X gm anken M v ankin N c cng s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Hn hp X c khi lng 12,4 gam v th tch 6,72 lt ( ktc). S mol, cng thc phn t ca M v N ln lt l

A. 0,1 mol C2H4 v 0,2 mol C2H2. C. 0,1 mol C3H6 v 0,2 mol C3H4.

B. 0,2 mol C2H4 v 0,1 mol C2H2. D. 0,2 mol C3H6 v 0,1 mol C3H4. (H A/2009)

Cu 2: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi He l 3,75. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi He l 5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho l A. 20%. B. 25%. C. 50%. D. 40 Cu 3: Hn hp kh X gm 0,3 mol H2 v 0,1 mol vinylaxetilen. Nung X mt thi (HA/2009

gianvi tc Ni thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi khng kh l 1. Nu cho ton b Y sc t t vo dung dch brom (d) th c m gam brom tham gia phn ng. Gi tr ca m l A. 16,0. B. 3,2. C. 8,0. D. 32,0. (C A/2009) Cu 4: Cho cc cht: xiclobutan, 2-metylpropen, but-1-en, cis-but-2-en, 2-metylbut-2-en. Dy gm cc cht o sau khi phn ng vi H2 (d, xc tc Ni, t ), cho cng mt sn phm l: A. xiclobutan, cis-but-2-en v but-1-en. B. but-1-en, 2-metylpropen v cis-but-2-en. C. xiclobutan, 2-metylbut-2-en v but-1-en. D. 2-metylpropen, cis-but-2-en v xiclobutan. (C A/2009) Cu 5: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v mt anken c kh nng cng HBr cho sn phm hu c duy nht. T khi ca X so vi H2 bng 9,1. un nng X c xc tc Ni, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y khng lm mt mu nc brom; t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 13. Cng thc cu to ca anken l D. CH3-CH=CH-CH3. (H B/2009) A. CH2=C(CH3)2. B. CH2=CH2. C. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3. Cu 6: Cho hn hp X gm CH4, C2H4 v C2H2. Ly 8,6 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch brom (d) th khi lng brom phn ng l 48 gam. Mt khc, nu cho 13,44 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 36 gam kt ta. Phn trm th tch ca CH4 c trong X l A. 20%. B. 50%. C. 25%. D. 40%. (H B/2009) Cu 7: Cho hirocacbon X phn ng vi brom (trong dung dch) theo t l mol 1 : 1, thu c cht hu c Y (cha 74,08% Br v khi lng). Khi X phn ng vi HBr th thu c hai sn phm hu c khc nhau. Tn gi ca X l A. but-1-en. B. xiclopropan. C. but-2-en. D. propilen. (H B/2009) Cu 8: un nng hn hp kh gm 0,06 mol C2H2 v 0,04 mol H2 vi xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp kh Y. Dn ton b hn hp Y li t t qua bnh ng dung dch brom (d) th cn li 0,448 lt hn hp kh Z ( ktc) c t khi so vi O2 l 0,5. Khi lng bnh dung dch brom tng l A. 1,04 gam. B. 1,32 gam. C. 1,64 gam. D. 1,20 gam. (H A/2008) Cu 9: Hn hp X c t khi so vi H2 l 21,2 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X, tng khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l A. 20,40 gam. B. 18,60 gam. C. 18,96 gam. D. 16,80 gam. (H A/2008) Cu 10: Cho s chuyn ha: CH4 C2H2 C2H3Cl PVC. tng hp 250 kg PVC theo s 3 trn th cn V m kh thin nhin ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l (bit CH4 chim 80% th tch kh thin nhin v hiu sut ca c qu trnh l 50%) A. 358,4. B. 448,0. C. 286,7. D. 224,0. (H A/2008) Cu 11: Cho cc cht sau: CH2=CH-CH2-CH2-CH=CH2, CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH2-CH3, CH3-C(CH3)=CH-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-CH=CH2. S cht c ng phn hnh hc l A. 2. B. 3. C. 1. D. 4. (H A/2008) Cu 12: t chy hon ton 20,0 ml hn hp X gm C3H6, CH4, CO (th tch CO gp hai ln th tch CH4), thu c 24,0 ml CO2 (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit v p sut). T khi ca X so vi kh hiro l A. 25,8. B. 12,9. C. 22,2. D. 11,1. (C A/2008) Cu 13: Cho 4,48 lt hn hp X ( ktc) gm 2 hirocacbon mch h li t t qua bnh cha 1,4 lt dung

dch Br2 0,5M. Sau khi phn ng hon ton, s mol Br2 gim i mt na v khi thm 6,7 gam. Cng thc phn t ca 2 hirocacbon l A. C2H2 v C4H6. B. C2H2 v C4H8. C. C3H4 v C4H8. D. C2H2 v C3H8 Cu 14: Mt hirocacbon X cng hp vi axit HCl theo t l mol 1:1 to sn phm c khi lng clo l 45,223%. Cng thc phn t ca X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, Cl = 35,5) A. C3H6. B. C3H4. C. C2H4. D. C4H8.

lng bnh tng (H A/2007) thnh phn (H A/2007)

Cu 15: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1). B. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). C. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2). D. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1). (H A/2007) Cu 16: Hn hp gm hirocacbon X v oxi c t l s mol tng ng l 1:10. t chy hon ton hn hp trn thu c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y qua dung dch H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp kh Z c t khi i vi hiro bng 19. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. C3H8. B. C3H6. C. C4H8. D. C3H4. (H A/2007) Cu 17: Cho hn hp hai anken ng ng k tip nhau tc dng vi nc (c H2SO4 lm xc tc) thu c hn hp Z gm hai ru (ancol) X v Y. t chy hon ton 1,06 gam hn hp Z sau hp th ton b sn phm chy vo 2 lt dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu c dung dch T trong nng ca NaOH bng 0,05M. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X v Y l (Cho th tch dung dch thay i khng ng k) A. C4H9OH v C5H11OH. B. C3H7OH v C4H9OH. C. C2H5OH v C3H7OH. D. C2H5OH v C4H9OH. (C B/2007) Cu 18: Dn V lt ( ktc) hn hp X gm axetilen v hiro i qua ng s ng bt niken nung nng, thu c kh Y. Dn Y vo lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu c 12 gam kt ta. Kh i ra khi dung dch phn ng va vi 16 gam brom v cn li kh Z. t chy hon ton kh Z thu c 2,24 lt kh CO2 ( ktc) v 4,5 gam nc. Gi tr ca V bng A. 8,96. B. 5,60. C. 11,2. D. 13,44 (C B/2007) Cu 19: Hn hp M gm mt anehit v mt ankin (c cng s nguyn t cacbon). t chy hon ton x mol hn hp M, thu c 3x mol CO2 v 1,8x mol H2O. Phn trm s mol ca anehit trong hn hp M l A. 50%. B. 40%. C. 30%. D. 20%. Cu 20: Cho 13,8 gam cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C7H8 tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 45,9 gam kt ta. X c bao nhiu ng phn cu to tha mn tnh cht trn? A. 4. B. 5. C. 6. D. 2. Cu 21: Hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 c cng s mol. Ly mt lng hn hp X cho qua cht xc tc nung nng, thu c hn hp Y gm C2H4, C2H6, C2H2 v H2. Sc Y vo dung dch brom (d) th khi lng bnh brom tng 10,8 gam v thot ra 4,48 lt hn hp kh (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 8. Th tch O2 (ktc) cn t chy hon ton hn hp Y l A. 33,6 lt. B. 22,4 lt. C. 44,8 lt. D. 26,88 lt. Cu 22: t chy hon ton hn hp X gm C2H2, C3H4 v C4H4 (s mol mi cht bng nhau) thu c 0,09 mol CO2. Nu ly cng mt lng hn hp X nh trn tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, th khi lng kt ta thu c ln hn 4 gam. Cng thc cu to ca C3H4 v C4H4 trong X ln lt l: A. CH2=C=CH2, CH2=CH-CCH. B. CH2=C=CH2, CH2=C=C=CH2. C. CHC-CH , CH =C=C=CH . D. CHC-CH , CH =CH-CCH. Cu 23: t chy hon ton 8,0 gam hn hp X gm hai ankin (th kh nhit thng) thu c 26,4 gam CO2. Mt khc, cho 8,0 gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d n khi phn ng hon ton thu c lng kt ta vt qu 25 gam. Cng thc cu to ca hai ankin trn l A. CHCH v CH3-CCH. B. CHCH v CH3-CH2-CCH. C. CHCH v CH3-CC-CH3. D. CH3-CCH v CH3-CH2-CCH.

Cu 24: Hn hp X gm mt anehit v mt ankin c cng s nguyn t cacbon. t chy hon ton a (mol) hn hp X thu c 3a (mol) CO2 v 1,8a (mol) H2O. Hn hp X c s mol 0,1 tc dng c vi ti a 0,14 mol AgNO3 trong NH3 (iu kin thch hp). S mol ca anehit trong 0,1 mol hn hp X l A. 0,03. B. 0,04. C. 0,01. D. 0,02.

BENZEN V HIDROCACBON THM

1. NG PHN-TN GI 1. a) Hy vit cng thc phn t cc ng ng ca benzen cha 8 v 9 nguyn t C. 10

b) Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn cc ng phn ng vi cc cng thc tm c cu a). 2. a) Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn cc ng phn ng vi cc cng thc C7H7Cl v C7H6Cl2 .Bit phn t cha nhn benzen. 3. Nhng hp cht no di y c th v khng th cha vng benzen, v sao ? a) C8H6Cl2, b) C10H16, c) C9H14BrCl, d) C10H12(NO2)2 4. Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn cc ng phn ng vi cc cng thc a) C2H2, b) C4H4, c) C6H6, d) C8H8. Bit a,b phn ng c dd AgNO 3/NH3 v c, khng phn ng vi ddBr2 iu kin thng, d phn ng vi ddBr2 iu kin thng 5. Vit cng thc cu to v gi tn X c CTPT l C9H12. Bit X phn ng c dd KMnO4 khi un nng, X khng lm mt mu ddBr 2 , X phn ng vi kh Cl2 iu kin nh sng vi t l mol1:1 thu c mt dn xut duy nht. 6. Vit cng thc cu to ca cc hp cht sau : a) Etylbenzen b) 4-Cloetylbenzen d) o-Clotoluen e) m-Clotoluen 7. c) 1,3,5-Trimetylbenzen g) p-Clotoluen

Hirocacbon C8H10 khng lm mt mu nc brom, khi b hiro ho th chuyn thnh 1,4imetylxiclohexan. Hy xc nh cng thc cu to v gi tn hirocacbon theo 3 cch khc nhau. Hy vit cng thc cu to ca cc cht sau :

8.

a) oclostiren, mnitrostiren, pflostiren. b) -clonaphtalen, -metylnaphtalen, 2nitronaphtalen, 1-flonaphtalen. 2. TNH CHT HA HC-QUI TC TH VNG BENZEN 1. Hy nu v gii thch hin tng xy ra trong cc th nghim sau : a) Cho benzen vo ng nghim cha dung dch brom trong nc, lc k ri yn. b) Cho brom lng vo ng nghim cha benzen, lc ri yn. c) Cho thm bt st vo ng nghim th nghim b) ri un nh. 2. Dng cng thc cu to vit phng trnh ho hc v gi tn sn phm cc phn ng sau : a) Toluen + Cl2 , c bt st. b) Toluen + Cl2, c chiu sng. c) Etylbenzen + HNO3, c mt axit sunfuric c.
3. Cho cc cht sau: Propilenm, Toluen, Stiren, Etylbenzen ln lt vo dd KMnO4 , un nng .Vit pTPU

4.

Khi cho stiren tc dng vi brom c mt bt Fe ngi ta thu c hn hp 3 cht c cng thc phn t C8H7Br3. Hy vit cng thc cu to ca chng v cho bit xy ra cc phn ng no ? 5. Hy vit phng trnh phn ng ca toluen v naphtalen ln lt vi Cl 2, Br2, HNO3, nu r iu kin phn ng v quy tc chi phi hng phn ng. 11

6. Trong nhng cht sau : Br 2, H2, HCl, H2SO4, HOH. Cht no, trong iu kin no c th cng c vo aren, vo anken ? Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra. Cho bit quy tc chi phi hng ca phn ng (nu c) ? 7. Trnh by c ch th vo nhn benzen ca phn vi HNO3(xt axit sunfuric c)v Br2 (xt Fe).
8. T C2H2 iu kin phn ng c vit ptpu iu ch

a) obromclobenzen
c) mbromnitrobenzen

b) pbromnitrobenzen
c) mdinitrobenzen

9. Cho dy cc cht: CH4, C2H2, C2H4, C2H5OH, CH2=CHCOOH,C6H5NH2(anilin),C6H5OH(phenol), C6H6 (benzen). S cht trong dy phn ng c vi nc brom l A. 7. B. 5. C. 6. D. 8. 3. IU CH-S PHN NG 1. Trong cng nghip, iu ch stiren ngi ta lm nh sau : cho etilen phn ng vi benzen c xc tc axit thu c etylbenzen ri cho etylbenzen qua xc tc ZnO nung nng. a) Hy vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng xy ra. b) Hy tnh xem t 1 tn benzen cn ti thiu bao nhiu m 3 etilen v to thnh bao nhiu kg stiren, bit rng hiu sut mi giai on phn ng u t 80%. 2. Khi cho stiren tc dng vi hiro c Pd xc tc 25 oC ch thu c etylbenzen. Mun thu c etylxiclohexan phi tin hnh phn ng 100 - 200oC, p sut 100 atm. Hy vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng v gii thch. 3. a) sn xut cumen (isopropylbenzen) ngi ta cho benzen phn ng vi propen c xc tc axit, hy vit phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng. b) sn xut 1 tn cumen cn dng ti thiu bao nhiu m 3 (ktc) hn hp kh tch c t kh crckinh gm 60% propen v 40% propan (v th tch) ? Bit rng hiu sut phn ng t 80%. c) Hy vit phng trnh phn ng khi cho 1 mol cumen tc dng vi : 1 mol brom c mt bt Fe ; 1 mol brom c chiu sng. 4. Du m hin ta ang khai thc c cha rt t benzen. Em chn phng n sn xut benzen no di y, v sao ? Vit cc phng trnh ho hc ca phn ng xy ra :
1500 C xt, t a) CH4 C2H2 C6H6
o o

rifominh b) Ankan C6 C7 C6H6 + CH3C6H5

Ch ng c ph t n on

C6H6 CH3C6H5

5.

Axit phtalic C8H6O4 dng nhiu trong sn xut cht do v dc phm c iu ch nh sau : oxi ho naphtalen bng O2 vi xc tc V2O5 450oC ri cho sn phm tc dng vi nc. Hy dng cng thc cu to vit s phn ng. 12

6. T du m cha nhiu Heptan, Octan vit ptpu iiu ch Toluen, Stiren.

7. T benzen vit ptpu iiu ch Toluen, Stiren, Cumen. 8. T CH4 vit ptpu iu ch Benzen, Stiren, Caosubuna-S 4. PHN BIT-TCH LOI 1. Hy phn bit 3 l ho cht khng nhn cha benzen, xiclohexan v xiclohexen. 2. Ch dng mt thuc th, hy phn bit cc cht trong cc nhm sau, vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra : a) Benzen, etylbenzen v stiren ; b) Stiren, phenylaxetilen. 3. Hy dng phng php ho hc phn bit cc cht trong mi nhm sau : a) Toluen, hept-1-en v heptan. b) Etylbenzen, vinylbenzen v vinylaxetilen. 5. TON TM CTPT Bi 1 : t chy hon ton 2,7 gam mt hidrocacbon A thu c 8,8 gam CO 2 v 2,7 gam nc. 1) Xc nh CTPT ca hidrocacbon trn bit 160 < M < 170. 2) Xc nh CTCT ca hidrocacbon trn bit n khng tc dng vi dung dch nc brom, khng tc dng vi brom khi c mt bt st, nhng khi phn ng vi brom hi c askt th thu c 1 dn xut mono brom duy nht. Bi 2 : Mt hidrocacbon A th lng c t khi hi so vi khng kh bng 2,69. 1) t chy A thu c CO2 v H2O theo t l khi lng l 4,9:1. Tm CTPT ca A 2) Cho A tc dng vi brom theo t l 1:1 c bt Fe thu c B kh C. Kh C c hp th bi 2 lit dung dch NaOH 0,5 M. trung ho lng NaOH d cn 0,5 lit HCl 1M. Tnh khi lng A phn ng v khi lng B to thnh.

13