PHT TRIN TH VIT NAM THCH THC T BIN I KH HU V CHNG TRNH K HOCH THCH NG

2011. 10. 18

Trnh by: TS. KTS. Trn Th Lan Anh Cc Pht trin th - b Xy dng

Tc ng Bin i kh hu ti Vit Nam

Vit Nam l mt nc s chu nh hng nghim trng ca BKH. Thin tai, bo l, hn hn ngy cng gai tng c v tn sut v s lng Vng ng bng ven bin, c bit l BSCL b ngp nng nht 0,75m: khong 19,0% DT B SCL b ngp; 1m: khong 37,8%. DTBSCL b ngp.

South Asia

Nc bin dng 1m

Viet Nam

1m

2m

3m 4m 5m

Gii thiu
Tng s tnh/thnh: 63 (6 vng th ha) Tng s: 755 th, 2 (c bit) 10 (loi I); 12 ( loi II), 47 (loi III), 52 (loi IV) & 632 (loi V); 10.000 im dn c nng thn; > 160 khu cng nghip y l c s h thng th tip tc pht trin; 632 d n khu th mi ( > 20 ha) tng din tch 101.886 ha Dn s: 85,7 triu; Ton th: 38 triu (43,39%); Ni th: 27,2 triu (31%). Tng din tch c nc 325.360 km2; t th: 31.061 km2, ni thnh ni th v th trn12.373 km2; t xy dng th chim khong 475.000 ha; GDP khu vc th chim khong 70% GDP c nc Quy hoch: 58/63 tnh thnh c QHXD vng tnh, 95 thnh ph th x, 589/647 th trn, 161KCN c lp quy hoch xy dng; 100% din tch t ni th cc th ln nh H Ni, Hi Phng, TP H Ch Minh 40 47% din tch t xy dng cc th khc c ph kn QHCT 1/2000;

nh hng Pht trin h thng th Vit Nam n 2025 tm nhn n 2050

(Quyt nh s 445/Q-TTg ngy 7/4/2009 ca Th tng Chnh ph) Vng th ln Vng th ho Mng l-i

Giai on 1 2015

Giai on 2 2025

Giai on 3

Chng trnh pht trin h thng th Quc gia theo phn loi th
Loi
c bit Loi I Loi II

Nm 2010
2 10 12

Giai on 20112015
2 15 22

Giai on 20162020
2 19 37

Loi III
Loi IV

47
50

43
131

58
204

Loi V
Tng

634
755

657
870

620
940

a) Giai on 2011-2015: u t xy dng, nng cao cht lng th, xt nng: 5 th loi II ln loi I; 15 th III ln loi II; 11 th IV ln loi III; 92 th V ln IV v d kin hnh thnh 132 th mi loi V. b) Giai on 2016-2020: u t xy dng, nng cao cht lng th, xt v nng: 4 th loi II ln loi I; 19 th III ln loi II; 28 th IV ln loi III v 7 th hnh thnh mi xem xt t tiu chun l th loi III; 103 th V ln IV v d kin hnh thnh 204 th mi loi V.

THCH THC
th ha nhanh trn din rng thiu kim sot

Mng H ci Hi Long Phn Smg Sn Ca Thin L Cm Phong Nha

Nng Qung Ngi Dung Qut

Quy Nhn Vn Phong Nha Trang

Phan Rang Vng Tu Rch Gi

THCH THC
H thng vn bn,c ch chnh sch, tiu ch tiu chun thiu ni dung nh gi tc ng BKH/Ri roi hoc khng cn chnh xc

1. QH Vng

2. QH chung

3. Qh Phn khu 4. QH chi tit & TKT 5. QH im dn c nng thn

D n pht trin h tng th

THCH THC
Thiu phi hp, thiu thng tin, thiu chin lc hp nht a ngnh hoc lng tng trong trin khai thc hin

&E

Province plan (5 -10 year)

(10-20- vision 50 year) Land use &detai l plans

Quc t - Quc t

Quc t- Trong nc

Trong nc trong nc

THCH THC
Quy hoch thiu gii php ng ph vi BKH
iu chnh Quy hoch tng th h thng th Vit Nam n nm 2025 v tm nhn n 2050 Quy hoch xy dng Vng Duyn ven bin; Quy hoch 04 Vng kinh t trng im; Quy hoch 02Vng th ln Quy hoch cc khu kinh t ven bin Quy hoch ngnh (s dng t, giao thng, cng, KCN, KKT) Quy hoch cc thnh ph ln trung tm cp quc gia, ng ph BKH

THCH THC
Ti chnh c s h tng
Thng k ca WB cho thy Hn 600 triu $ mi nm u t cho nc th Khong 1 t $ mi nm cho cc dch v c bn Cn ci thin qu trnh xc nh, thit k, trin khai v qun l u t h tng Cn hn na cc khon ti chnh h tng: vay, thu ph s dng, tri phiu..

THCH THC
U T PHT TRIN DU LCH, DCH V TH CHU RI RO CAO

Cc vng/tnh
Hi Phng, Sn,Cm Ph, H Long, Mng Ci, Ca L, Sm Sn,Thanh Ho, Vinh, H Tnh,

C cc tim nng du lch c o, phong ph;

Cc thnh ph
ng Hi, Nng, Hi An, Tam K, Quy Nhn, Tuy Ho , Nha Trang, Cam Ranh, Phan Rang, Phan Thit, ng H, Hu , Qung Ngi Vng ng, Chn My, Dung Qut, Vn Phong

H Ni, Hi Phng, Cn Th ; Lt; Nng ; H Ch Minh ; Hi An; Quy Nhn; Hu; Nha Trang;

Cc im du lch ni bt khc
Bc Liu, H Tin, Rch Gi, La Gi Vng Tu,

Vnh H Long; Vng Tu Cn o. Kontum; Mi N Phan Thit ; Ph Quc ; Ty Ninh. Tam Cc Bch ng

THCH THC TH HA
Thay i cu trc, chc nng kin trc cnh quan th
Kinh t tp trung sang kinh t th trng th ha Nng thn thnh th
CU TRC TH THAY I

Mi nm dn c th tng khong 1-1.3 triu ngi

Nm 1999 l hn 600 th - nm 2010 l 755 th 20 % (1999) to 31% (2010) Di c &Dch c

1974

1986

1998

Kin trc, cnh quan TH THAY I Ni thnh Ngoi thnh

THCH THC THIU KIM SOT S DNG T & PHN B D N

Din tch t cp cho cc d n qu ln, vt trc d kin 10 -20 nm. Nhiu d n ven,sng ven bin san lp ln nh hng n dng chy, gy st l, nguy c lp kn cc ca sng ra bin;
Vn Din tch (ha) Ch tiu (m2/ngi) S liu hin trng Hin trng t xy dng th Nm 1995 63.000 45 Nm 2005 325.195 145 Nm 2010 475.000 180 D bo 445 Nm 2015 335.000 95 Nm 2020 400.000 90 Nm 2025 450.000 85

Dn s (triu ngi)

26,

35

44

52

THCH THC MI TRNG TH

Ma, lt nh hng n mi trng sng, cnh quan th

TI KHU VC TH VEN BIN

Cn c:
Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia ng ph vi bin i kh hu (Quyt nh s 158/Q-TTg; Kch bn bin i kh hu ca B Ti nguyn Mi trng); nh hng pht trin h thng th Vit Nam n 2025 tm nhn n 2050 Chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi t nc 10 nm (2011 - 2020); Chin lc bin Vit Nam n nm 2020 (Ngh quyt s 09-NQ/TW ngy 09/02/2007 Hi ngh ln th t Ban Chp hnh Trung ng kha X);

Hin ti c 405 th, tng khong 70 th (2015) v 130 th (2025). Ti vng BSH tng 15 TM (2015), 25 TM (2025). Vng Bc Trung B v Duyn Hi Min Trung tng 40 TM ( 2015), 66 TM (2025). Vng ng Nam B tng 3 TM (2015), 15 TM (2025). Vng BSCL tng 15 TM (2015), 30 TM (2025).

 N PHT TRIN TH VEN BIN

n c thc hin ti 34 tnh/thnh ph trc thuc trung ng ca di ven bin v BSCL ni chu tc ng trc tip v gin tip ca bin i kh hu v nc bin dng. Tng 405 th
Nhn din v phn Nhm th Theo kh NNG chu tc ng

6/10

8/12

29/47

18/50

344/632

Cc tc ng ca BKH i vi pht trin h thng th Vit Nam

8 7 6
5
Tc ng n kin trc cnh quan sinh thi ven bin
Tc ng n mi trng th Tc ng n h thng cung cp nc sch v h tng KT Tc ng n pht trin h thng giao thng Tc ng n dn c v tnh trng i ngho th

4 3 2 1

Tc ng n c cu s dng t

Tc ng n kinh t v hot ng kinh t th ven bin Tc ng n h thng th trung tm cc cp

TNG HP NHN DIN NGUY C TC NG N PHT TRIN TH TI 6 VNG TH HA, VNG DUYN HI VEN BIN, VNG TNH V H THNG TH TRUNG TM CC CP
Khu th ha

Khu vc ng ngp do ma

Khu vc ng ngp do thy triu Ngun: Nghin cu ca JICA nm 1999

Guido Wyseure, KU Leuven UEPP Tailor-made Training29 June 2007

TNG HP NGUY C XM THC MN nh hng cung cp nc SCH CHO TH

1/4 din tch ng bng Bc B thp hn mc nc Bin. tng khong 70% din tch xm nhp mn. nh hng trc tip n cc khu dn c, cc th trong khu vc ca sng y 100-150km, sng Hng 35-40km, Ninh C 53km, Thi Bnh 35-52km, Tr L 25- 65km, Kinh Thy 20-25km tnh t ca sng vo su trong trong t lin.
5/3/2010

D bo ca IPCC/ 2007

TNG HP NHN DIN NGUY C RI RO TRONG QU TRNH PHT TRIN TH TI KHU VC DUYN HI MiN TRUNG
bo/l/lt nc bin dng/sng thn/st l t ti khu vc th

R SOT, XUT IU CHNH QUY HOCH VNG, VNG TNH V QUY HOCH TH C NI DUNG THCH NG VI BDKH
- Quy hoch tng th h thng th Vit Nam n nm 2025 v tm nhn n 2050 (Quyt nh 445/QTTg ngy 7/4/2009)

Quy hoch xy dng Vng Duyn hi Bc B n nm 2025 v tm nhn n nm 2050 (Quyt nh

865/Q-TTg ngy 10/7/2008) ;

- Quy hoch xy dng Vng Duyn hi Nam Trung B n nm 2025 (Quyt nh 1086/Q-TTg ngy 12/8/2008); - Quy hoch Vng thnh ph H Ch Minh n nm 2025 v tm nhn n 2050(Quyt nh 589/Q-TTg ngy
20/5/2008);

Quy hoch xy dng Vng kinh t trng im min trung n nm 2025 v tm nhn n nm 2050 (Quyt nh 1085/Q-TTg ngy 12/8/2009) Quy hoch xy dng vng ng bng sng Cu Long n nm 2020 v tm nhn n nm 2050
(Quyt nh 1581/Q-TTg ngy 9/10/2009 );

Cc quy hoch vng tnh dc tuyn ven bin

10/9/2010

R sot, xut iu chnh quy hoch v cc d n ph duyt ti cc th

Vn n

H Thng th trung tm cp quc gia: TP.HCM, Cn Th, Hi Phng, Nng, H thng th TT vng v tnh: H Long,
Hi Phng, Thi Bnh, Nam nh, Thanh Ho, Vinh, H Tnh, ng Hi, ng H, Hu, Nng, Tam K, Qung Ngi, Quy Nhn, Tuy Ho, Nha Trang, Phan Thit, TP H Ch Minh, Vng Tu, Bc Liu, Rch Gi.

th TT chuyn ngnh tnh: - chuyn v cng (Hi Phng, Nng, Cam

Ranh, Chn My, Vng ng, Ci Ln - H Long);

- chuyn v du lch, ngh - chuyn v o to

Nha Trang Vng Tu H tin Nng, Nha Trang); (Vng Tu, Dung Qut); Cm Ph).

dng (H Long, Sm Sn, Ca L, Sn, Hi An, Vng Tu); (Hu, Vinh, Quy Nhn,

- chuyn v kinh t - dch v du kh - chuyn v cng nghip m

(H Long,

Xem xt TH IM QUY HOCH CHUNG TH c ni dung nh gi tc ng ca BKH

Cc khu vc c cao trnh trn 1 m so vi mc nc bin

a)

Quy hoch cho khu cng vin /nng nghip ni c iu kint tt Hnh QHC 1998

b) Quy hoch cho khu dn c ni c tim nng pht trin thp

Khu vc c iu kin a cht tt

Hu qu ca nhng phn tch cha y :

a) Quy hoch cng vin v nng nghip ni c thc trng t tt b) Quy hoch khu dn c ni c thc trng t xu cch xa trung tm

Phn tch mi tng quan gia th ha v iu kin t ai/ Phn tch k thc trng t ai
V d v d liu GIS
Pht trin nh v cng nghip thiu kim sot

- Thiu h tng k thut v h tng x hi

- Mi trng sng ngy cng xung cp nghim trng.i Pht trin cc d n nh quy m trung bnh/ln

Cc khu th ha t 2000-2005 (

Phn tch mi tng quan gia th ha v iu kin t ai/ Phn tch k thc trng t ai

Khu vc c cao trnh 1 m so vi mc nc bin

Khu vc c iu kin t tt
Khu th ha gn trung tm thnh ph

Phn tch mi tng quan gia th ha v iu kin t ai/ Phn tch k thc trng t ai
Khu th ha

Khu vc ng ngp do ma Khu vc ng ngp do triu cng

Ngun: Nghin cu ca JICA nm 1999

2010-KHO ST TI 03 TH
T 2009, Cc pht trin th bc u nghin cu xy dng n nghin cu pht trin th ven bin ng ph bin i kh hu trnh Chnh ph. Trong nm 2010, Cc pht trin th phi hp vi UBND thnh ph, phng Qun, t dn ph ca 03 thnh ph Hi Phng, Nha Trang, C Mau v cc S xy dng, S ti nguyn Mi trng cc c quan c lin quan thuc tnh Khnh Ha, C Mau, Hi Phng nh gi chung v din bin tc ca bin i kh hu n pht trin th ca 03 tnh trn v bc u c cc nh gi v xut ng ph cho 03 thnh ph Hi Phng, Nha Trang, C Mau.

THNH PH c mAU
Theo tnh ton, nu nc bin dng n 0,7m th din tch tnh C Mau s b ngp ti 28%.

Ti thnh ph C Mau Tnh C Mau Bin i kh hu vi tnh trng nc bin dng tc ng ngy mt tng c v cng tn sut; tng din tch t b ngp, gy kh khn cho thot nc, tng uy hip s an ton ca nhng vng c bin, lm xi l b bin, gy nhim mn ngun nc, dn c , xy dng ng x h tng v cng trnh kin trc. Tn sut ca cc s kin i hi phi nghin cu nhiu hn: 10 nm 1 ln thay vi 50 nm nh hin nay: Nhng thng tin ny s nh hng ln n quyt nh u t ca chnh ph, doanh nghip v ngi dn;

V tr vng tnh C Mau trong vng ng bng sng Cu Long

CHNG TRNH KHO ST TI THNH PH NHA TRANG

Ti thnh ph Nha Trang Tnh Khnh Ha Bin i kh hu cng c tc ng trc tip v gin tip n cc hat ng vn ha, du lch, thng mi, dch v. lnh vc du lch, nc bin dng nh hng n cc bi tm ven bin, nhiu bi tm p c th b mt i, nh hng n u t xy dng v khai thc s dng. Cc khu du lch sinh thi v cc cng trnh h tng lin quan cc vng thp ven bin c th b ngp, buc phi di chuyn, hot ng kinh doanh, mt s khu th mi ti cc v tr ln bin pha Nam TP, gy ch tc dng chy.

CHNG TRNH KHO ST TI THNH PH HI PHNG

Ti thnh ph Hi Phng vng duyn hi Bc B Cnh bo: Ti Vng duyn hi Bc B v vng ng bng sng hng, nu mc nc bin dng 1m, mt phn kh ln din tch cc tnh thnh ph Nam nh, Thi Bnh, Hi Phng, Hi Dng, Hng Yn v mt phn ca cc tnh H Nam, Ninh Bnh c cao mt t thp hn mc nc trung bnh s b ngp lt nng nu v . Kho st ti Tp. Hi phng cho thy c khu vc ni thnh (v d nh: qun Hi An) v ngoi thnh (nh x Vinh Quang, huyn Tin Lng), din tch v dn c chu tc ng ca ngp lt, xi l b bin, xm nhp mn v suy thoi mi trng v.v. ngy mt tng. Tc ng ny lm nh hng n u t pht trin th v khai thc s dng ti TP. tp. HI PHNG

 N PTT VIT NAM ng ph vi BKH (2012)

1
C S THC HIN

nh hng, Chng trnh pht trin th Vit Nam n 2025-2050 Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia ng ph vi BKH(Q s 158/Q-TTg); Kch bn BKH ca B TNMT; Ti liu lin quan
Chin lc pht trin kinh t - x hi t nc

12

(2011 - 2020)/Chin lc bin Vit Nam n nm 2020

n PTT Vit Nam ng ph vi BKH trnh CP vo 2012

D kin chng trnh kho st

Tip ni cng tc kho st nm 2010, Cc pht trin th tip tc tip cn thu thp cc nghin cu kho st c Vin kin trc quy hoch th nng thn, D n kho st tc ng ca bin i kh hu v nc bin dng i vi th Vit Nam ca trung tm bo v mi trng v quy hoch pht trin bn vng- Hi quy hoch pht trin th Vit Nam (CEPSD) phi hp vi Hp phn pjats trin bn vng mi trng cc khu ngho B Xy dng (SDU-MOC DANIDA), cc d n ca ODA, WB, ADB v cc nghin cu c lin quan khc thc hin tng hp nh gi chung;

Tip tc tng quan kho st ti cc tnh:

- Vng trung du v min ni pha Bc la chn Tnh Lao Cai (TP Lao Cai); - Vng ng bng Sng Hng la chn Tnh Qung Ninh (Vn n); - Cc Vng duyn hi min Trung : Vng duyn hi Bc Trung B: Kho st ti tnh Thanh Ha (Sm Sn)/ Vng Duyn hi Trung trung b: Tnh Bnh nh (TP. Quy Nhn)/ Vng Duyn hi Nam Trung B: Tnh Bnh Thun (TP.Phan Thit); - Vng Ty Nguyn la chn Tnh Lm ng ( 02 th TT Ninh Vn & Nam Ban- huyn Lm H, TT di Linh Huyn Di Linh- Lm ng); - Vng ng Nam B & TP. HCM la chn Tnh B Ra Vng Tu (TP Vng tu); - Vng ng Bng sng Cu Long la chn Tnh Kin Giang (th x H Tin);

CC HNH NG TRNG TM

CC HNH NG TRNG TM
1. Xy dng cng c nh gi:
- C s d liu v bn (GIZ) n t l 1/2000 - Xy dng chng trnh, b ch s nh gi mc chu tc ng ca BKH ph hp vi cc vng c iu kin t nhin c th ca Vit Nam h tr hoc nh chnh sch v xc nh d n u t hn ch r ro.

2. Xy dng cng c kim sot:

- Ci thin h thng vn bn quy phm php lut,tng cng hiu lc, c ch, chnh sch v qun l xy dng v pht trin th theo cc iu kin c th ca khu vc v tc ng nh hng ca th;

3. Xy dng cng c h tr thc hin:

- Nng cao nhn thc, nng lc v t vn chuyn nghip, qun l pht trin th hn ch tc ngca bin i kh hu i vi pht trin th - Xy dng quy nh v qun l pht trin ththch ng i vi nguy c bin i kh hu do thin tai. - Xy dng cc chng trnh pht trin th cn u t khn cp do b nh hngmnh t bin i kh hu v nc bin dng

KT LuN
thc hin tng th mt chng trnh ng ph vi BKH i vi cc th ven bin cn thit phi c s tham gia ca cc a phng ven bin, ca cc nh khoa hc thuc cc B ngnh v trc mt cn: Tng cng hp tc phi hp thc hin kho st, chia s kt qu nh gi ca cc ngnh v a phng. Hnh thnh th vin lu gi cung cp v chia s thng tin v thc trng v cc gii php thch ng vi BIN I KHI HU Tng cng kinh ph cho vic xy dng cc c ch chnh sch v cc ch tiu k thut h tr nh gi gim st v iu chnh cc gii php thch ng BKH theo mi giai on

Xin chn thnh cm n