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B GIO DC V O TO

CHNH THC

P N THANG IM
THI TUYN SINH I HC NM 2012
Mn: TON; Khi B
(p n - thang im gm 04 trang)

Cu

p n

im

1
a) (1,0 im)
(2,0 im)
Khi m = 1, ta c: y = x3 3x 2 + 3 .

Tp xc nh: D = \.
S bin thin:

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Chiu bin thin: y ' = 3 x 2 6 x; y ' = 0 x = 0 hoc x = 2.

Cc khong ng bin: ( ; 0) v (2; + ) , khong nghch bin: (0; 2).
Cc tr: Hm s t cc i ti x = 0, yC = 3; t cc tiu ti x = 2, yCT = 1.
Gii hn: lim y = v lim y = + .
x

Bng bin thin:

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x+

x
y'

0
+

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th:

1
y

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2
O

b) (1,0 im)
y ' = 3 x 2 6mx; y ' = 0 x = 0 hoc x = 2m.

th hm s c 2 im cc tr khi v ch khi m 0 (*).

Cc im cc tr ca th l A(0; 3m3 ) v B (2m; m3 ).
Suy ra OA = 3 | m3 | v d ( B, (OA)) = 2 | m | .

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S OAB = 48 3m4 = 48

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m = 2, tha mn (*).

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2
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: cos 2 x + 3 sin 2 x = cos x 3 sin x
(1,0 im)

cos 2 x = cos x +
3
3

) ( )

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( )

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2 x = x + + k 2 (k ]).
3
3
x=

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2
2
+ k 2 hoc x = k
(k ]).
3
3

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3
iu kin: 0 x 2 3 hoc x 2 + 3 (*).
(1,0 im)
Nhn xt: x = 0 l nghim ca bt phng trnh cho.

Vi x > 0, bt phng trnh cho tng ng vi:

x+

1
+ x + 4 3 (1).
x
x

x+

1
t t = x +
(2), bt phng trnh (1) tr thnh
x

5
t . Thay vo (2) ta c
2

3 t < 0
t 6 3 t 3 t 0
t 2 6 (3 t ) 2
2

1
5
x 2 hoc
x 2

1
2

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1
hoc x 4. Kt hp (*) v nghim x = 0, ta c tp nghim ca bt phng
4
1
trnh cho l: 0; [4; +).
4
0< x

4
(1,0 im)

t t = x 2 , suy ra dt = 2 xdx. Vi x = 0 th t = 0; vi x =1 th t =1.

1

Khi I =

(
1

) (

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2
1
1
dt = ln|t + 2| ln|t +1|

2
t + 2 t +1

= ln3
5
(1,0 im)

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1
x 2 .2 xdx
1
td t
=
2 ( x 2 +1)( x 2 + 2) 2 (t +1)(t + 2)
0
0
1
2

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3
ln2.
2

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Gi D l trung im ca cnh AB v O l tm ca ABC. Ta c

AB CD v AB SO nn AB ( SCD ), do AB SC .

Mt khc SC AH , suy ra SC ( ABH ).

Ta c: CD =

A
D

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a 3
a 3
a 33
nn SO = SC 2 OC 2 =
, OC =
.
2
3
3

SO.CD a 11
1
11a 2
Do DH =
=
. Suy ra S ABH = AB.DH =
.
SC
4
2
8

Ta c SH = SC HC = SC CD 2 DH 2 =

O
B

Do VS . ABH

1
7 11a 3
= SH .S ABH =
.
3
96

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7a
.
4

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6
Vi x + y + z = 0 v x 2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1, ta c:
(1,0 im)
1
0 = ( x + y + z ) 2 = x 2 + y 2 + z 2 + 2 x( y + z ) + 2 yz =1 2 x 2 + 2 yz , nn yz = x 2 .
2
2
y 2 + z 2 1 x2

1
1
x
6
6
Mt khc yz
=
(*).
, suy ra: x 2
, do
x
2
2
2
2
3
3

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Khi : P = x5 + ( y 2 + z 2 )( y 3 + z 3 ) y 2 z 2 ( y + z )

12
x
2
5
1
1 2
x = (2 x3 x).
= x5 + (1 x 2 ) x(1 x 2 ) + x x 2 + x 2

4
2
2
6
6
6
2
Xt hm f ( x) = 2 x3 x trn
.
;
, suy ra f '( x) = 6 x 1; f '( x) = 0 x =
6
3
3
6 6
6 6 6 6
6
, f = f
Ta c f
.
= f =
= . Do f ( x)
9
9
3 6
3 6 9
= x5 + (1 x 2 ) ( y 2 + z 2 )( y + z ) yz ( y + z ) + x 2

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( ) ( )

Suy ra P
Khi x =

5 6
.
36

6
6
5 6
th du bng xy ra. Vy gi tr ln nht ca P l
, y = z =
.
3
6
36

7.a
(1,0 im)

(C)
A

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(C1) c tm l gc ta O. Gi I l tm ca ng trn (C)

cn vit phng trnh, ta c AB OI . M AB d v
O d nn OI//d, do OI c phng trnh y = x.

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Mt khc I (C2 ), nn ta ca I tha mn h:

y = x
x = 3

I (3;3).
2 2
x + y 12 x +18 = 0 y = 3

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Do (C) tip xc vi d nn (C) c bn knh R = d ( I , d ) = 2 2.

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Vy phng trnh ca (C) l ( x 3) 2 + ( y 3) 2 = 8.

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(C1)
(C2)
8.a
(1,0 im)

Gi (S) l mt cu cn vit phng trnh v I l tm ca (S).

Do I d nn ta ca im I c dng I (1+ 2t ; t ; 2t ).

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Do A, B( S ) nn AI = BI , suy ra (2t 1) 2 + (t 1) 2 + 4t 2 = (2t + 3) 2 + (t 3) 2 + (2t + 2) 2 t =1.

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Do I (1; 1; 2) v bn knh mt cu l IA = 17.

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Vy, phng trnh mt cu (S) cn tm l ( x + 1) 2 + ( y + 1) 2 + ( z 2) 2 = 17.

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9.a
4
(1,0 im) S cch chn 4 hc sinh trong lp l C25 =12650.

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1
1
S cch chn 4 hc sinh c c nam v n l C15
.C103 + C152 .C102 + C153 .C10

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= 11075.

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Xc sut cn tnh l P =

11075 443
=
.
12650 506
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7.b
(1,0 im)

y
B
H
A

C
O
D

x2

y2

=1( a > b > 0). Hnh thoi ABCD c

a 2 b2
AC = 2 BD v A, B, C, D thuc (E) suy ra OA = 2OB.

Gi s ( E ):

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Khng mt tnh tng qut, ta c th xem A(a;0) v

x B 0; a . Gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca O trn AB,
2
suy ra OH l bn knh ca ng trn (C ) : x 2 + y 2 = 4.

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1
1
1
1
1
4
=
=
+
=
+
.
2
2
2
2
4 OH
OA
OB
a
a2

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( )

Ta c:

x2 y 2
+
= 1.
Suy ra a 2 = 20, do b2 = 5. Vy phng trnh chnh tc ca (E) l
20 5
8.b
Do B Ox, C Oy nn ta ca B v C c dng: B(b; 0; 0) v C (0; c; 0).
(1,0 im)
b c
Gi G l trng tm ca tam gic ABC, suy ra: G ; ; 1 .
3 3
JJJJG
x y z3
.
Ta c AM = (1;2; 3) nn ng thng AM c phng trnh = =
1 2 3
b c 2
Do G thuc ng thng AM nn = = . Suy ra b = 2 v c = 4.
3 6 3

Do phng trnh ca mt phng (P) l

x y z
+ + = 1, ngha l ( P) : 6 x + 3 y + 4 z 12 = 0.
2 4 3

9.b
Phng trnh bc hai z 2 2 3 i z 4 = 0 c bit thc = 4.
(1,0 im)
Suy ra phng trnh c hai nghim: z1 = 1 + 3 i v z2 = 1 + 3i.

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Dng lng gic ca z1 l z1 = 2cos + isin .

3
3

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2
2
Dng lng gic ca z2 l z2 = 2cos + isin .
3
3

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