Giao An Hoa 9 Tron Bo Chuan KTKN

Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PHN PHI CHNG TRNH LP 9 MN HO HC HC K I Tit
t 1 n tp u nm Chng I : CC LOI HP CHT V C Tit 2 : Tnh cht ho hc ca oxit . Khi qut v s phn loi oxit Tit 3 Mt s oxit quan trng :Canxi oxit Tit 4:Mt s oxit quan trng (tt): Lu hunh i oxit Tit 5: Tnh cht ho hc ca axit Tit 6: Mt s axt quan trng: Axit clohyric ,Tnh cht vt l H2SO4 Tit 7:Axit H2SO4 (tt) Tit 8 : Luyn tp:Tnh cht ho hc ca oxit v axit Tit 9 : Thc hnh : Tnh cht ho hc ca oxt v axit Tit 10: Kim tra 1 tit Tit 11: Tnh cht ho hc ca baz Tit 12: Mt s baz quan trng: NaOH Tit 13: Mt s baz quan trng(tt): Ca(OH)2 Thang pH Tit 14 : Tmh cht ho hc ca mui Tit 15 : Mt s mui quan trng Tit 16 : phn bn ho hc Tit 17: Mi quan h gia cc hp cht v c Tit 18 : Luyn tp chng I Tit 19 :Thc hnh : Tnh cht ho hc ca baz v mui Tit 20 : Kim tra 1 tit CHNG II : KIM LOI Tit 21 :Tnh cht vt l chung ca kim loi Tit 22 : Tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi Tit 23 :Dy hot ng ca kim loi Tit 24 :nhm Tit 25 :St Tit 26 : Hp kim st: gang ,thp Tit 27 :An mn kim loi v bo v kim loi khng b n mn Tit 28 :Luyn tp chng II Tit 29 :Thc hnh chng II: Tnh cht ho hc ca nhm v st CHNG III :PHI KIM , S LC BNG TUN HON CC NGUYN T HH Tit 30 : Tnh cht chung ca phi kim Tit 31,32 :Clo Tit 33 :Cacbon Tit 34 :Cc oxit ca cacbon Tit 35 : n tp hc k I Tit 36 :Kim tra hc k HC K II Tit 37 :Axit Cacbonic v mui cacbonat Tit 38 : Silic . Cng nghip silicat TIT 39,40 : S lc v bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc Tit 41: Luyn tp chng III Tit 42 :Thc hnh :Tnh cht ho hc ca phi kim v hp cht ca chng CHNG IV : HYRCACBON , NHIN LIU Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 1
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tit 43 : Khi nim v hp cht hu c Tit 44 : Cu to phn t hp cht hu c Tit 45 :Metan Tit 46 :Etilen Tit 47 :Axetilen Tit 48 :Benzen Tit 49 : Luyn tp Tit 50 :Kim tra 1 tit Tit 51 :Du m v kh thin nhin Tit 52 :Nhin liu Tit 53 : Thc hnh :Tnh cht ho hc ca hyrcacbon CHNG V : DN XUT CA HYRCACBON , PLIME Tit 54 : Ru etylic Tit 55 :Axit axetic Tit 56 :Mi lin h gia etilen , ru etylic v axit axetic Tit 57 :Cht bo Tit 58 : Luyn tp : Ru etylic , axit axetic v cht bo Tit 59 : Thc hnh : Tnh cht ca ru v axit Tit 60 :Kim tra 1 tit Tit 61 : Glucoz Tit 62 :Sccaroz Tit 63 :Tinh bt v xenlulz Tit 64 :Prtein Tit 65,66 :Polime Tit 67 : Thc hnh :Tnh cht ca gluxit Tit 68,69: n tp cui nm Tit 70 : Kim tra hc k II. II. HNG DN THC HIN 1.Khng thm bt ni dung v khng thay i cu trc ca chng trnh nh c trnh by trong bn phn phi chng trnh 2.Phn ln mi bi hc c sp xp trong 1tit , nhng bi cn li xp 2 tit th vic ngt mi tit do t chuyn mn thng nht thc hin 3. im thc hnh 15 pht h s 1- lp 8 im thc hnh c ly vo tit 20 hc k I, tit 67 hc k II - lp 9 im thc hnh c ly vo tit 29 hc k I, tit 67 hc k II 4.So vi PPCT trc y, PPCT mi c thay i l :Ho hc lp 8: Tit kim tra vit tit th 53 em xung tit 59.Ho hoc 9:tit kim tra vit tit th 57 em xung tit 60 v cc tit hu ht l phn theo 1 tit c lp (hn ch tit i)
Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ngy son :22/8/10 Tun: 1 ,Tit 1 N TP U NM I/Mc tiu : Gip hc sinh h thng ho li nhng ni dung c bn ca ho hc 8 .Trong khc su nhng phn c bn ,nhm chun b trc tip cho vic hc ni dung mi Nhng ni dung cn cp trong tit n tp ,cc khi nim c bn ,nh lut bo ton khi lng ,mol v tnh ton ho hc ,cc loi cht hc v dung dch II/ Tin trnh ln lp : 1. On nh t chc : 2. Ni dung bi n tp : a.Gii thiu bi :GV hi :Phng php hc tp mn ho hc nh th no l tt ?HS tr li . GV b sung v yu cu hc sinh nhng vic cn chun b v dng c hc tp,sgk ,thi hc tp .. hc tt mn ho hc 3.Cc hot ng dy v hc : a.Hot ng 1:H thng ho cc loi cht hc Mc tiu :Gip hs h thng ho cc cht hc nh xy ,khng kh ,hyr ,nc .Qua n li cc khi nim ho hc c bn nh nguyn t ,phn t ,n cht, hp cht , phn ng ho hc, phng trnh ho hc . Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh NT C -Gio vin cho hs quan st s -Hs quan st , tr li cu hi v CHT (ghi bn ph) v hi theo s cho v d. PT HC . -Phn ng ho hp: -Cu hi : nguyn t , phn t , -Nguyn t (H,O); phn t n cht , hp cht l g ? Cho v (H2,CO2);n cht (O2,Fe);hp 2H2 + O2 2H2O d . cht (H2O,CO2) -Phn ng phn hu: 2KClO3 KCl+3O2 -Gio vin b sung v kt lun. -Hs tr li (phn ng phn hu , -Phn ng th : -Gio vin yu cu hs cho bit phn ng th,.....) Zn+2HCl ZnCl2+H2 cc loi phn ng ho hc hc -P/ng oxi ho kh: lp 8 va cho v d. CuO+H2 Cu+H2O -Gio vin b sung v kt lun b.Hot ng 2:Vn dng mol v tnh ton ho hc : n = m/M => m= n . M -Gv yu cu hs nu cng thc -Hs tr li n = V/ 22,4 => V= n . 22,4l tnh mol v s chuyn i khi lng, th tch ,lng cht -Gv b sung v kt lun -Gv yu cu hs vn dng cng -Hs lm bi tp theo nhm (bt thc hc gii mt s bi tp 1,2,3,4) (ghi bng ph ) Gv c th yu cu cc nhm kim tra kt qu ln nhau ca cc bi tp 1,2, 3, 4. Ring bi tp 5 gv c th yu cu hc sinh lm vic c nhn. C qua kt qu ca mi Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 3
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------bi tp gv yu cu cc nhm nhn xt v gv kt lun
-Bi tp ghi bng ph : -Tm p s ng 1)s mol ca 16g H2 l :a) 16 mol ; b) 8 mol ; c) 4 mol ; d) 32 mol 2) 4 mol CO2 c khi lng l :a) 44g ; b) 88g ; c) 176g ; d) 132g . 3) 32g O2 c th tch l : a) 22,4l ; b) 44,8l ; c) 11,2l d) 67,2l . 4) tnh nng mol/l ca850ml dung dch c ho tan 20g KNO3 kt qu s l : a) 0,233M ; b) 23,3M ; c) 2,33M ; d) 233M . 5) Ho tan hon ton 13g km vo dd HCl th thu c km clorua (ZnCl2) v kh hiro a. Vit pthh xy ra b. Tnh khi lng ZnCl2 to thnh. c. Tnh th tch hiro thu c ktc d. Tnh s mol HCl cn dng. p n ca bi tp: 1. b ; 2. c ; 3. a ; 4. a 5) a.Zn + 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2 b. nZn = n ZnCl2 = 0,2 mol m ZnCl2 = 0,2 x 136 = 27,2 g c. nZn = n H2 = 0,2 mol VH2 = 0,2 x 22,4 = 4,48 lit c..2 nZn = n HCl = 0,2 x 2 = 0,4 mol 4.Tng kt nh gi : -Gv cng c tng phn qua s : Cht, phn ng ho hc, mol, vn dng cng thc 5) Hng dn v nh : -Chun b dng c v sgk , sbt,mn ho hc lp 9.N/c bi mi : Tnh cht ho hc ca oxt.Khi qut v s phn loi oxt
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son :23/8/10 CHNG I: CC LOI HP CHT V C Tun 1, tit 2 : TNH CHT HO HC CA OXT .KHI QUT V S PHN LOI OXT I.Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: - Hs bit c nhng tnh cht ho hc ca oxt axt tc dng c vi nc, dd baz, oxit baz. oxt baz tc dng c vi nc, dd axit, oxt axt. - Hs bit c c s phn loi oxt baz v oxt axt l da vo nhng tnh cht ho hc ca chng . -Kin thc trng tm: Tnh cht ho hc ca oxit 2/K nng: - Quan st TN v rt ra tnh cht ho hc oxt axt v oxt baz - Vit c pthh minh ho tnh cht ho hc - Phn bit mt s oxit c th - Vn dng tnh thnh phn % v khi lng ca oxit trong hn hp 2 cht II.Chun b : -Cc ho cht :CuO,CaO,CO2,P2O5,(i vi CO2v P2O5 s c iu ch ngay ti lp) ,H2O,CaCO3,P ,dung dch HCl,dung dch Ca(OH)2 -Cc dng c th nghim :cc thu tinh ,ng nghim ,thit b iu ch CO2(t CaCO3,HCl) dng c iu ch P2O5 bng cch t P trong bnh thu tinh III.Tin trnh ln lp :, 1.On nh t chc : 2.Kim tra bi c : .c tn v phn loi cc oxt sau :CuO,SO2,P2O5,ZnO,Fe2O3, NO2 3.Bi mi : a.Gii thiu bi :T phn kim tra bi c gv nu nhng hp cht trn l oxt ,vy oxt c nhng tnh cht ho hc nh th no ? l ni dung ca bi hc hm nay . b.Cc hot ng dy v hc : -Hot ng 1 :I:Tnh cht ho hc ca oxt : Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh 1.oxt baz c nhng tnh cht -Gv nu cu hi :C phi tt c -Hs tr li :Cc oxt baz tc ho hc no ? cc oxt baz u tc dng vi dng vi H2O:Na2O, K2O. aTc dng vi nc :. nc to thnh dung dch baz Cc oxt baz khng tc dng vi -Mt s oxt baz tc dng vi hay khng ? nc :CuO,FeO,.. nc to thnh dung dch baz -Gvb sung v kt lun (kim ) -Na2O(r)+H2O(l) NaOH (dd) b.Tc dng vi axt : Oxt baz t/d vi axt to thnh -Gv hng dn hs lm tn hoc gv -Hs lm tn hoc ch quan st gv lm tn 1 lm tn th nghim1 CuO t/d vi mui v nc CuO(r)+ 2HCl(l) CuCl2(dd) + H2O(l) -Gv gii thiu phiu hc tp HCl trong nu r cch tin hnh t/n -Cch tin hnh nh sgk,hs tho , phn hin tng ,PTHH lun v tr li cu hi trng ( nu c) -Gv yu cu hs nu hin tng -Hs tr li cu hi quan st c, nhn xt vit pthh -Gv b sung v kt lun c.Tc dng vi oxt axt : -Gv nu cu hi : hy k 3 oxt Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 5
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Mt s oxt baz t/d vi oxt baz c th tc dng vi oxt axt -Hs tr li :Na2O,K2O,BaO(t/d). axt to thnh mui to thnh mui v 3 oxt baz CuO,ZnO,Fe2O3.(ko t/d) khng tc dng vi oxt axt (p/ CaO(r)+CO2(k) CaCO3(r) chm nn khng lm t/n ) -Gv c th nu v d p/ vi ti (vi sng vi ) v yu cu -Hs vit ptp hs vit ptp -Gv yu cu hs pht biu kt lun chung v tnh cht ho hc ca -Hs tr li :(da vo mc a, b, c.) oxt baz -Gv b sung vkt lun Ni dung ghi bi 2.Oxt axit c nhng tnh cht ho hc no ?: a-Tc dng vi H2O -Nhiu oxt axt t/d vi H2O to thnh dung dch axt P2O5(r) +H2O (l) H3PO4 (dd) b-Tc dng vi baz : -Oxt axt t/d vi dung dch baz to thnh mui v nc Gio vin Hc sinh -Gv nu cu hi c phi tt c cc -Hs tr li :nhiu oxt axt t/d vi oxt axt u tc dng vi H2O H2O to thnh axt , mt s oxt to thnh axt khng ? axt khng t/d vi H2O -Gv b sung v kt lun -Hs quan st ,ghi chp cc hin tng ,nhn xt v vit PTHH
-Gv tin hnh t/n iu ch CO2 t CaCO3 v dung dch HCl bng bnh kp ci tin,dn kh CO2 vo CO2(k)+Ca(OH)2(dd)CaCO3(r)+H2O (l) nc vi trong cho n khi xut hin vn c th dng li -Gv yu cu hs quan st c trnh by kt qu -Gv b sung v kt lun -T tnh cht( c) ca mc (1) g/v yu cu hs nu t/c ca oxt axt c.Tc dng vi oxt baz vi oxt baz Oxt axt tc dng vi mt s -Gv b sung v kt lun oxt baz to thnh mui -Gv yu cu hs pht biu kt lun CO2 (k) +BaO (r) BaCO3 (r) chung v t/c ho hc -Gv nhn xt, b sung v kl Hot ng 2:II/ Khi qut v s phn loi : Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin 1.Oxt baz l nhng oxt t/d vi Qua phn I cc em c bit dung dch axt to thnh mui v v tnh cht ho hc ca oxt nc baz ,oxt axt t g/v hng 2.Oxt axt l nhng oxt t/d vi dn h/s da vo t/c ring nh dung dch baz to thnh mui ngha v nc -Gv b sung v kt lun 3.Oxt lng tnh l nhng oxt -Gv thng bo thm oxt baz t/d vi dung dch baz v t/d vi ,oxt axt s c hc trong ho dung dch axt to thnh hc 9.Oxt lng tnh v oxt muivncVDnhAl2O3,ZnO trung tnh s c hc cc lp
-Hs tr li -Hs tr li
-Hs tr li Hc sinh -Hs vn dng phn I dnh ngha v cho v d
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4.Oxt trung tnh l nhng oxt sau khng t/d vi axt ,baz,nc .VD nh CO,NO ... 4.Tng kt v vn dng : -Gv yu cu hs c phn ghi nh -Hs vn dng kin thc hc tr li cc cu hi Tnh cht ho hc chung ca oxt baz Tnh cht ho hc khc ca oxt baz Tnh cht ho hc chung ca oxt axt Tnh cht ho hc khc ca oxt axt Khi qut v s phn loi oxt .Gv b sung v kt lun 5.Dn d :Hc k bi c ,lm bi tp 1,2,5,6 (sgk trang 6) -Nghin cu bi mi : Mt s oxt quan trng (CaO)
Ngy son 25/8/10 Tun 2, Tit 3
MT S XT QUAN TRNG CAN XI OXIT (CaO)
I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: -Bit c tnh cht vt l v ho hc ca CaO v sn xut CaO trong cng nghip -Bit cc ng dng ca CaO 2/K nng: - D on, kim tra, v kt lun c v tnh cht ho hc ca CaO - Vit c pthh minh ho tnh cht ho hc - Vn dng tnh thnh phn % v khi lng ca oxit trong hn hp 2 cht II/Chun b : -Tranh mu vt ,phn mm m phng hot ng ca l nung vi -Ho cht v dng c th nghim:Cc thu tinh 100ml ,n cn ,dung dch phenolphtalein,nc, CaO, III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1.On nh t chc : 2.Bi c : Tit 1: Gv gi 1 h/s gii bi 1 sgk trang 6 3.Cc hot ng dy v hc : Gii thiu bi : ch hng ngang gm 9 ch ci ,y l tn gi ca sn phm phn ng nung vi . Hs tr li :Can xioxt. Gvhi canxi oxt c cng thc ho hc ,tn thng thng, thuc loi oxt no? tnh cht ho hc ra sao? Hm nay cc em nghin cu A/CANXI OXT Hot ng 1: I/Canxi oxt c nhng tnh cht no ? Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh 1. Tnh cht vt l : Gv yu cu hs quan st mu vi -Hs quan st mu vi sng v tr Cht rn, mu trng, to nng sng nhn xt v trng thi, mu li cu hi chy khong 25850C sc -Gv b sung v kt lun .2 Tnh cht ho hc : -Gv gii thiu CaO c y a.Tc dng vi nc :(p/ ti tnh cht ca 1 oxt baz =>CaO vi ) c nhng tnh cht ho hc no -Gv lm t/n :cho 1 mu nh CaO CaO(r) + H2O(l) Ca(OH)2 (r) Ca(OH)2 tan t trong nc, phn vo ng nghim ,nh vi git -Hs quan st nhn xt v vit nc ,tip tc cho thm nc , PTHH tan to thnh dd baz cho thm vi git dd phenolphtalein -Gv lu hin tng to nhit -Hs ch mnh ca phn ng ti vi t nu mt s im lu khi x l vi -Gv thng bo CaO c tnh ht -Hs ch lng nghe v lin h m nhiu nn dng lm kh thc t v vic x dng vi trong mt s cht ,gv nu cch bo nng nghip ,xy dng qun CaO (trong khng kh ) Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 8
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------b.Tc dng vi axt : -Gv thc hin t/n cho CaO t/d vi CaO(r)+HCl(dd)CaCl2(dd)+H2O (l) dd HCl -Hs quan st hin tng xy ra v CaO t/d vi dung dch axt to -Gv hi tnh cht ho hc ny c vit PTHH thnh mui v nc th c ng dng trong nhng -Hs suy ngh tr li(kh chua, x c.Tc dng vi oxt axt : lnh vc no ? l nc thi ) CaO (r) +CO2 (k) CaCO3 (r) -Gv hi vi sng lu ngy -CaO l mt oxt baz trong khng kh c li hay c -Hs tr li :(v s c phn ng hi ? CaO+ CO2 ) -Gv hi mun hn ch phn ng ny th phi x l nh th no ? -Hs tr li (ti vi sau khi nung -Gv hi CaO l mt oxt g ? -Hs tr li :(oxt baz ) Hot ng 2:II/ Canxi oxt c nhng ng dng g ? Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh Dng trong cng nghip lun -Gv yu cu h/s c sgk v nu -Hs c ,tm tt v tr li kim, cng nghp ho hc ,kh ng dng ca CaO chua t trng, x l nc thi -Gv b sung v kt lun cng nghip, st trng, dit nm, kh c mi trng Hot ng 3III/ Sn xut canxi oxt nh th no ? Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh 1Nguyn liu : Gv yu cu h/s nghin cu sgk v -Hs nghin cu sgk v tr li vi ,than ,ci ,du kh t tr li cu hi nguyn liu v nhin . nhin liu ca qu trnh sn xut vi 2.Cc phn ng ho hc xy ra -Gv yu cu h/s nghin cu sgk -Hs nghin cu sgk v tr li cu cho bit cc phn ng xy ra hi ,vit PTHH C(r) + O2 (k) CO2 (k) 0 trong qu trnh nung vi, vit cc t PTHH xy ra CaCO3(r) CaO (r)+ CO2(k) 0 900 C 4.Tng kt v vn dng :Gv gi 1 h/s c phn ghi nh v yu cu h/s lm bi tp ghi bng ph -Ni dung bi tp ghi bng ph 1.khi cho CaO vo nc thu c A. dung dch CaO ;B.dung dch Ca(OH)2 ;C.cht khng tan ;D. c B v C 2.ng dng no sau y khng phi ca CaO A.cng nghip luyn kim ; B.sn xut gm C.cng nghip xy dng kh chua cho t ;D.st trng dit nm ,kh c mi trng 3.CaOc th tc dng vi cc cht no sau y ? A.H2O,CO2,HCl,H2SO4; B.CO2,HCl,NaOH,H2O C.H2O,HCl,Na2SO4,CO2 ; D.CO2,HCl,NaCl,H2O . 5.Dn d:Hc k bi c ,nghin cu bi mi v lm bi tp :1,3,4 sgk
Ngy son:28/8/10 MT S OXIT QUAN TRNG (tt) Tun 2,tit 4: LU HUNH I OXT (SUNFUR) SO2 I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: -Bit c tnh cht vt l v ho hc ca SO2. Cch iu ch SO2 trong phng tn v trong cng nghip -Bit cc ng dng ca SO2 2/K nng: - D on, kim tra, v kt lun c v tnh cht ho hc ca SO2 - Vit c pthh minh ho tnh cht ho hc - Vn dng tnh nng dd II/Chun b: -Ho cht: Nc ct, qu tm, Na2SO3, dd H2SO4 , dd Ca(OH)2 -Dng c: phu, bnh cu, ng dn kh, cc thu tinh III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Bi c: a/Nu tnh cht vt l, tnh cht ho hc ca CaO ? b/ CaO sn xut nh th no ? c nhng ng dng g ? 3.Cc hot ng dy v hc: Gii thiu bi :Em hy cho bit sn phm phn ng chy ca lu hunh trong oxy l cht g ?Hs tr li l lu hunh i oxt .Gv hm nay chng ta s nghin cu k hn cc tnh cht v ng dng ca lu hunh i oxt . Gv ghi tn bi hc v mc ln bng Hot ng 1 :I/Lu hunh i oxt c nhng tnh cht g ? Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh 1. Tnh cht vt l: Cht kh,khng mu, mi hc, -Gv yu cu h/s nghin cu sgk -Hs nghin cu v tr li , chng c, nng hn khng kh v nu tnh cht vt l ca SO2 minh SO2 nng hn khng kh -Hs tr li -Gv yu cu h/s ti hin li cc tnh cht ho hc ca oxt axt (kim tra bi c ) -Hs tr li -Gv nu SO2 l 1 oxt axt SO2 c nhng tnh cht ho hc no ? -Gv b sung 2.Tnh cht ho hc : -Gv tin hnh t/n biu din ,dn -Hs quan st nhn xt v vit a.Tc dng vi nc : PTHH kh SO2 nh hnh v 1.6 SO2(k) +H2O (l) H2SO3 (dd) -Gv thng bo thm SO2 l 1 trong nhng nguyn nhn gy ra ma axt -Hs quan st -Gv tin hnh t/n nh hnh 1.7 b.Tc dng vi baz : -Gv yu cu hs nhn xt v vit SO2(k)+Ca(OH)2(dd)CaSO3(r) +H2O (l) -Hs nhn xt v vit PTHH PTHH Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 10
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Da vo tnh cht ho hc ca -Hs tr li v vit PTHH c.Tc dng vi oxt baz : oxt axt t/c ca SO2 ,gv yu SO2 (k)+Na2O (r)Na2SO3 (r) cu h/s nu tnh cht ny -Da vo tnh cht ho hc ca -Hs suy ngh tr li (l oxt axt) Kt lun : SO2 l mt oxt axt SO2 SO2 l oxt g ? Hot ng 2: II/Lu hunh ioxt c nhng ng dng g ? Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh Sn xut H2SO4 ,cht ty trng -Gv c th chun b phiu hc tp -Hs c v nghin cu sgk bt g trong cng nghip giy dng bng cha hon chnh hon thnh phiu hc tp ,cht dit nm mc . (hoc bng ph )v yu cu h/s hon chnh bng Hot ng 3:III/ iu ch SO2 nh th no : Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin 1.Trong phng th nghim -Gv yu cu h/s phn bit iu Na SO (r)+H SO (dd)Na SO +SO +H O(l) ch SO2 phng t/n v iu ch Hoc un nng H2SO4 c vi SO2 trong cng nghip v quy m ,thit b ,phn ng Cu
2 3 2 4 2 4 2 2
Hc sinh -Hs nghin cu sgk v tr li -V quy m:nh (PTN),ln (CN) -V thit b :n gin ,r tin (PTN), phc tp ,t tin (CN)
2.Trong cng nghip : -t lu hunh trong khng kh S+ O2 SO2 -t qung pit st FeS2 4FeS2+11O28SO2+2Fe2O3
-Gv b sung v kt lun
4/Tng kt v vn dng : -Gv yu cu hs c phn ghi nh -Gv yu cu hs lm bi tp vn dng (ghi bng ph ) 1.Khi cho SO2 vo nc ta thu c A.dd SO2 , B . dd H2SO4 , C. SO2 khng tan trong nc 2.in t c hoc khng vo cc trng trong bng sau : T/d vi nc T/d vi kh CO2 T/dvi NaOH CaO SO2 CO2 5.Dn d : V nh hc bi v n/c bi mi :Axt .Lm bi tp 1,2,3,6. -Hng dn bi tp v nh ; 1.Hs t lm 2.a cho vo nc qu tm ,b.Ca(OH)2,.3.H2, O2 ..
D .dd H2SO3 T/d vi kh O2,c xc tc
11
Ngy son 29/8/10 Tun 3 Tit 5 TNH CHT HO HC CA AXT I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: -Hs bit c nhng tnh cht ho hc ca axt (kin thc trng tm) : Tc dng vi qu tm, vi baz, oxit baz v kim loi -Bit c cc axit mnh v axit yu 2/K nng: -Hs bit quan st TN v rt ra kt lun v tnh cht ho hc ca axt -Vit cc pthh chng minh tnh cht cu axit -Tnh nng hoc khi lng dd axit II/Chun b : Ho cht v dng c t/n : - khay ,qu tm , l HCl, l H2SO4, s , ng nh git , 2 cc , nhm ,iu ch Cu(OH)2 (t CuSO4,Na2SO4) ,Fe2O3,5 ng nghim , kp ng nghim ,chi ,gi o/ng III/ Tin trnh ln lp : 1.n nh t chc : 2.Kim tra bi c :a.Nu tnh cht vt l, tnh cht ho hc ca SO2 b.Nu ng dng v iu ch SO2 c.Gv yu cu hs gii bi tp 1 sgk trang 11 (ch thi gian ) 3.Hot ng dy v hc : Gii thiu bi :Gv hi dung dch axt HCl c nhng tnh cht ho hc no ? Hs tr li da vp phn ng hc nh :CaO +2HClCaCl2 +H2O Gv ngoi tnh cht trn ,dd axt HCl ni ring v axt ni chung cn c nhng tnh cht ho hc no khc ? l ni dung n/c ca bi hm nay . Hot ng 1:I/Tnh cht ho hc (TN thc hnh theo nhm ca HS nu c iu kin) Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1Axit lm i mu cht ch th -GV yu cu hs c cch tin -Hs c v tin hnh tn di s -dd axit lm i mu qu tm hnh tn v hng dn hs dng hng dn ca gv thnh ng nh git lay dd axit nh ln mu qu tm -GV yu cu hs quan st nhn -Hs quan st v tr li cu hi xt v kt lun 2.Axit tc dng vi kim loi: -GV yu cu c cch tin hnh -Hs c v tin hnh tn Dd axit tc dng c vi nhiu tn v hng dn hs lm tn cho 1 kim loi to thnh mui v gii mu Zn (Al, Fe..) vo ng phng kh hiro nghim v thm 1- 2ml dd HCl Zn(r)+2HCl(dd)ZnCl2(dd)+H2 hoc H2SO4 Ch : HNO3, H2SO4 c tc -GV yu cu hs quan st, nhn -Hs quan st v tr li cu hi v vit pthh dng vi nhiu kim loi khng xt v kt lun v vit pthh -Gv nu 1 s im can ch -HS ch lng nghe gii phng kh hiro HNO3, H2SO4 c td c vi nhiu kl nhng khng gii phng kh hiro -Gv yu cu hs c cch tin -Hs c v lm tn di s hng 3.Axit tc dng vi baz: Axit tc dng vi baz to thnh hnh tn v hng dn hs lm tn dn ca gv (ch gv phi iu ch Cu(OH)2 mui v nc Cu(OH)2+2HClCuCl2 + 2H2O trong gi hc) cho Cu(OH)2 vo -P ca axit vi baz c gi l ng nghim cho thm vi ml ddaxitHCl (H2SO4) p trung ho -GV yu cu hs quan st nhn xt, vit pthh v kt lun -HS quan st v tr li cu hi -Gv b sung v kt lun vit pthh -GV thng bo thm p ca axit vi baz c gi l p trung -Hs ch lng nghe ho -GV yu cu hs c cch tin hnh tn v hng dn hs cho 1 t -HS c v tin hnh tn di s 4.Axit tc dng vi oxit baz : Axit tc dng vi oxit baz to bt CuO vo ng nghim v cho hng dn ca gv thm vi ml dd HCl thnh mui v nc -Gv yu cu hs quan st, nhn CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 + H2O -HS quan st v tr li cu hi *Ngoi ra axit cn tc dng vi xt, vit pthh v kt lun -GV thng bo thm tnh cht vit pthh mui axit td vi mui -Hs ch lng nghe. -Ch nu khng c iu kin gv lm tn biu din Hs bit vn dng nhng tnh cht ho hc ca axt ,oxt hc lm cc bi tp ho hc Hot ng 2 II.Axt mnh v axt yu : Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hoc sinh
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Axt mnh :HCl ,HNO3 , H2SO4 -GV yu cu h/s nghin cu sgk -HS tr li :Da vo mnh yu Axt yu :H2S, H2CO3,.. v hi c s ca s phn loi cc ca axt (nh sgk) axt l g ? -GV b sung -GV hi: Da vo thnh phn -HS tr li c 2 loi ( hc lp phn t ca cc axt c my loi? 8) -Gvb sung
4/Tng kt v vn dng : GV yu cu h/s c phn ghi nh v tr li cu hi tm tt tnh cht ho hc ca axt h/s lm bi tp 1-Nhng cht no sau y tc dng c vi dd H2SO4 long :A Cu , B Al, C HCl , D CO 2-C th dng mt cht no sau y nhn bit cc l dd mt nhn:NaCl, Ba(OH)2, H2SO4 A.Phenolphtalein , B. Qu tm , C .dd NaOH , D. dd BaCl2 5/Dn d: Hc bi c v lm bi tp 1,3,4.sgk trang 14 , Nghin cu bi mi :Mt s axt quan trng HCl, H2SO4.
Ngy son :2/9/10 MT S AXT QUAN TRNG: Tun 3, Tit 6 AXIT CLOHIRIC TNH CHT VT L H2SO4 I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit - Cc tnh cht vt l ,tnh cht ho hc ca HCl (kin thc trng tm),tnh cht vt l H2SO4 (l).Chng c y tnh cht ho hc ca axt . -Nhng ng dng quan trng ca cc axt ny trong sn xut ,trong i sng 2/K nng: -D on, kim tra v kt lun c tnh cht ho hc ca HCl -Vit c cc pthh chng minh tnh cht ca HCl -Nhn bit c dd HCl v dd mui clorua -Tnh nng hoc khi lng dd axit II/Chun b : -Dng c ,gi ng nghim ,ng nghim ,a thu tinh ,phu lc ,giy lc , n cn ,cc thu tinh 100ml. -Ho cht :HCl,H2SO4,Fe,Al,Zn, dung dch NaOH ,Cu(OH)2,CuO, ng knh ,qu tm . III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1-n nh t chc : 2-Bi c :(c kim tra trong phn gii thiu bi )
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3-Bi mi:Gv yu cu h/s :Nu tnh cht ho hc ca axt v vit PTHH cho mi tnh cht .Sau khi hc sinh tr li GV nhn xt v ghi im ,GV da vo phn tr li ca h/s gii thiu bi: HCl, H2SO4, cng l mt axt vy chng c nhng tnh cht ho hc nh th no hm nay cc em s c nghin cu . Hot ng 1:AXT CLO HYRC (HCl): Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Tnh cht : GV yu cu h/s nu tnh cht ho -HS nu li tnh cht ho hc -Lm i mu qu tm thnh hc chung ca axt ca axt -Tc dng vi nhiu kim loi to -GV thng bo HCl c y -HS suy ra tnh cht ca HCl thnh mui clorua v gii phng tnh cht ca mt axt (c 5 tnh cht ) kh H2 -GV b sung v kt lun
Fe(r)+2HCl(dd)FeCl2(dd) + H2(k)
-Tc dng vi baz to thnh mui clorua v nc

HCl(dd)+Cu(OH)2(r) CuCl2(dd) +2H2O (l) HCl(dd)+NaOH(dd)NaCl(dd) +H2O
-Tc dng vi oxt baz to thnh mui clorua v nc

2HCl(dd)+CuO(r) CuCl2 (dd) + H2O (l)
-Ngoi ra HCl cn tc dng vi mui 2/ng dng : -iu ch cc mui clorua -Lm sch b mt kim loi trc -GV yu cu h/s c sgk v nu -HS c v tr li cu hi tm tt phn ng dng ca HCl khi hn -Ty r kim loi trc khi sn, -GV b sung v kt lun trng, m kim loi -Ch bin thc phm ,dc phm. Hot ng 2:AXT SUNFURC (H2SO4) Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin I/Tnh cht vt l : -GV cho hs quan st l ng -Cht lng ,snh ,khng mu H2SO4 v tr li cu hi H2SO4 ,nng gn gp hai ln nc c nhng tnh cht vt l no ? ,khng bay hi ,tan d dng -GV c th nu thm cch pha trong nc v to rt nhiu nhit long axt Hc sinh -HS quan st v tr li theo cu hi -HS ch lng nghe -HS da vo tnh cht ho hc ca HCl nu v vit PTHH 4/Tng kt vn dng: -Gv yu cu hs nu tnh cht ho hc ca HCl -Bi tp: hy khoanh trn ch ci ng trc phng n chn ng (ghi bng ph) 1/Dd HCl tc dng c vi cc hp cht sau: A.Cu, AgNO3 ; B. Al, AgNO3 ; C. Ag, AgNO3 ; D. Al, Ba(NO3)2 2/Ch dng qu tm c th nhn bit c cc ho cht sau: ( dng dd) A.NaCl, BaCl2, HCl ; B. AgNO3, NaOH, KCl ; C. HCl, KOH, NaCl; D. HCl, H2SO4, NaOH Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 15
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5/Dn d: Hc bi c v nghin cu phn cn li ca bi (tnh cht ho hc ca H2SO4)
Ngy son: 4/9/10 Tun 4, tit 7 AXIT SUNFURIC (TT) I/Mc tiu: : 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit - Cc tnh cht, ng dng cch nhn bit H2SO4 long v H2SO4 c (tc dng vi kim loi, tnh ho nc) (kin thc trng tm) -phng pjhp sn xut H2SO4 trong cng nghip . -Nhng ng dng quan trng ca H2SO4 trong sn xut v trong i sng 2/K nng: -D on, kim tra v kt lun c tnh cht ho hc ring ca H2SO4 -Vit c cc pthh chng minh tnh cht ca H2SO4 c -Nhn bit c dd H2SO4 va dd mui sunfat -Vit c ptp iu ch H2SO4 -Tnh nng hoc khi lng dd axit - Cch s dng an ton axit ny trong qu trnh tin hnh tn II/Chun b:-Dng c ,gi ng nghim ,ng nghim ,a thu tinh ,phu lc ,giy lc , n cn ,cc thu tinh 100ml. -Ho cht :H2SO4,Fe,Al,Zn, dung dch NaOH ,Cu(OH)2,CuO, ng knh ,qu tm . Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 16
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Bi c:(c kim tra trong phn gii thiu bi ) 3-Bi mi:Gv yu cu h/s :Nu tnh cht ho hc ca axt HCl v vit PTHH cho mi tnh cht .Sau khi hc sinh tr li GV nhn xt v ghi im ,GV da vo phn tr li ca h/s gii thiu bi: H2SO4, cng l mt axt vy chng c nhng tnh cht ho hc nh th no hm nay cc em s c nghin cu . Hot ng 1: II/Tnh cht ho hc : Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1.H2SO4 long c nhng tnh -GV yu cu hs nu tnh cht ho -Hs da vo tnh cht ho hc cht ho hc ca axit hoc ca H2SO4 long ca HCl nu v vit pthh -Lm i mu qu tm thnh -Gv b sung v kt lun -Tc dng vi kim loi to thnh mui sunfat v gii phng kh H2
Zn(r)+H2SO4(dd)ZnSO4(dd)+ H2(k)
-Tc dng vi baz to thnh mui sunfat v nc

H2SO4(dd)+Cu(OH)2(r)CuSO4(dd)+ H2O(l)
-Tc dng vi oxit baz to thnh mui sunfat v nc

H2SO4(dd)+CuO(r)CuSO4(dd)+ H2O(l)
-Ngoi ra H2SO4 long tc dng c vi mui Hot ng 2:Axt sunfurc c c nhng tnh cht ho hc ring Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin a.Tc dng vi kim loi -GV cho i din hs c th H2SO4 c tc dng c vi nghim (sgk) nhiu kim loi to thnh mui -GV nu li cch tin hnh v sunft khng gii phng kh H2 mt s im cn lu khi tin Cu(r)+H SO (,n)CuSO (dd)+H O(l)+SO ( hnh th nghim (cn thn khi dng H2SO4) -GV tin hnh th nghim1: hoc yu cu hs tin hnh tn nh sgk ng tc dng vi H2SO4 c un nng (cch tin hnh nh sgk) v yu cu hs quan st hin tng v nhn xt -GV yu cu hs khc b sung -GV b sung v kt lun b.Tnh ho nc : H2SO4 c c tnh ho nc -GV yu cu hc sinh c cch C12H22O11 11H2O + 12C tin hnh t/n H SO (c) -GV tin hnh t/n :cho mt t ng vo ng nghim ri thm t t 1-2mlH2SO4 c . Sau yu cu quan st hin tng
2 4 4 2 2 2 4
Hc sinh -i din hs c cch tin hnh th nghim -HS ch lng nghe
-HS ch quan st gv lm tn, nhn xt v rt ra kt lun (hoc ln bng tin hnh tn di s hng dn ca gv )
-Hs c cch tin hanh tn -HS quan st hin tng nhn xt v kt lun
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------,nhn xt v kt lun -GV b sung v kt lun -HS ch lng nghe -GV gii thch thm ti sao khi s dng H2SO4 c phi ht sc cn thn Hot ng 3:III/ng dng : Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh iu ch phm nhum ,cht ty -GV yu cu h/s nghin cu s -HS quan st s 1.12 v tr ra ,phn bn ,giy,cht do,t 1.12 v tr li cu hi v sao li cu hi si,thuc n,luyn kim,c H2SO4 l 1 trong cc ho cht quy,sn xut mui axt ,ch bin c bn ca nn cng nghip ho du m . cht -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng4:Sn xut H2SO4 Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hoc sinh -Nguyn liu :S hoc FeS2 -GV dng phng php thuyt -HS ch lng nghe -Cc cng on sn xut H2SO4 trnh ,gii thiu cho h/s phng Sn xut SO2 bng cch t S php tip xc sn xut H2SO4 trong khng kh -GV c th chuyn t nhu cu ng dng rng ri H2SO4 trong S + O2 SO2 0 cng nghip ,ngi ta phi sn t Sn xut SO3 bng cch oxyho xut H2SO4 -GV yu cu h/s nghin cu sgk SO2 ri tm tt qu trnh sn xut -HS nghin cu sgk v tr li t0 H2SO4 gm my giai on cu hi 2SO2+O2 2SO3 -GV b sung v kt lun V2O5 Sn xut H2SO4 bng cch cho SO3 tc dng vi H2O SO3+ H2O H2SO4 Hot ng 5:V/Nhn bit H2SO4v mui sunft Ni dung ghi bi nhn bit H2SO4 v dung dch mui sunft ta dng thuc th l dung dch mui bari nh(BaCl2,Ba(NO3)2hoc Ba(OH)2.) Phn ng to thnh kt ta trng BaSO4 khng tan trong nc v trong axt
2 4 2 4 2 4
Gio vin -GV yu cu h/s c thng tin sgk v hi : nhn bit H2SO4 v dung dch mui sunfat ta dng thuc th no ? -GV cho 2 l HCl,H2SO4yu cu h/s nhn bit :trc tin GV cho h/s nu cch tin hnh H2SO4(dd)+BaCl (dd)BaSO (r)+2HCl(dd) -GV yu cu h/s lm th nghim Na SO (dd)+BaCl (dd)BaSO (r)+2NaCl(dd -GV yu cu HS cho bit hin Ch : phn bit H2SO4 v tng v nhn xt mui sunfat ta c th dng qu -GV b sung v kt lun tm hoc 1 s kim loi nh Mg, -GV nu thm 1 s im can Zn, Al, Fe... ch khi nhn bit H2SO4 v mui sunfat 4/Tng kt v vn dng :
Hc sinh -HS c thng tin sgkv tr li cu hi (qu tm hoc dung dch mui bari ) -HS quan st 2 l v nu cch tin hnh -HS lm t/n -i din HS tr li -C th HS khc b sung -HS ch lng nghe
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GV yu cu hs nu tnh cht ho hc ca axt ,H2SO4c ,ng dng ca H2SO4,sn xut H2SO4,nhn bit H2SO4v mui SO4 -GV hng dn hc sinh gii bi tp 3sgk trang 19 5Dn d : Hc k bi HS v nh lm bi tp 1,2,5,6 v nghin cu bi 5
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son :5/9/10 Tun 4,tit 8 LUYN TP :TNH CHT HO HC CA OXT V AXT I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit -Nhng tnh cht ho hc ca oxt baz ,oxt axt v mi quan h gia oxt baz v oxt axt -Nhng tnh cht ho hc ca axt -Dn ra nhng phn ng ho hc minh ho cho tnh cht ca nhng hp cht trn bng nhng cht c th nh :CaO,SO2,HCl,H2SO4. 2/K nng: Vn dng kin thc hc gii bi ton tnh khi lng, nng dd, tnh phn trm khi lng hh II/Chun b : -Xy dng s tnh cht ho hc ca oxt baz ,oxt axt,axt -Xy dng phiu hc tp cho hc sinh lmvic theo nhm III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1.On nh t chc : 2.Kim tra bi c (c kim tra trong phn kin thc cn nh v bi tp ) 3.Bi mi : Hot ng1:I/Kin thc cn nh : Ni dung bi ghi bi ghi Gio vin Gio vin Hc sinh Hc sinh Ni dung 1/Tnh cht ho hc ca oxt : -GV yu cu hs da vo s -HS nghin cu cc s trang -Oxt baz +axtMui +nc sgk tm tt tnh cht ho hc 20 sgk ho hc 9 CaO(r)+2HCl(dd)CaCl2(dd)+H2O(l) ca oxt v axt -Oxt baz +nc Baz(dd) -GV yu cu hs a ra cc v d minh ho cc tnh cht ca cc -HS cho v d minh ho(c th Na2O(r)+H2O(l) 2NaOH(dd) oxt v axt da vo sgk),vit PTHH,cn bng -Oxt baz+oxt axtMui -Sau khi hs hon thnh nhim phng trnh phn ng cho tng CaO(r)+CO2(k)CaCO3(r) -Oxt axt+baz Mui +Nc v GV nhn xt, b sung, hon tnh cht ho hc chnh nhng kin thc l thuyt CO2(k)+Ca(OH)2(dd)CaCO3(r)+H2O(l) c bn -Oxt axt+Nc Axt (d d) SO2(k)+ H2O(l) H2SO3(dd) -GV s dng phng php nh 2/Tnh cht ho hc ca axt: trn -Dd axt lm qu tm ho -Axt+Kim loiMui+ Hyr
2HCl(dd)+Zn(r)ZnCl2(dd) + H2(k)
-Axt+oxtbaz Mui +Nc

H2SO4(dd)+CuOCuSO4(dd) +H2O (l)
-Axt +baz Mui+Nc

HCl(dd)+NaOH(dd)NaCl(dd) +H2O(l)
Ch :H2SO4 c nhng tnh cht ho hc ring nh tc dng vi nhiu kim loi khng gii phng kh H2 v tnh ho nc, ht m Hot ng 2:II/Bi tp : Ni dung bi ghi 1.Tc dng vi nc l :SO2,Na2O,CaO,CO2.
-GV hi thm ring H2SO4 c c -HS tr li (t/d vi nhiu kim loi nhng tnh cht g c bit v yu ,tnh ht m )v vit PTHH cu hc sinh vit PTHH -GV b sung v kt lun
Gio vin -GV hng dn hs gii bi tp 1 trang 21
Hc sinh
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GV yu cu hs nghin cu bi HS nghin cu bi tp 1,phn loi SO2 + H2O H2SO4 tp 1 v phn loi oxt v hi oxt v tr li cu hi Na2O + H2O 2NaOH -Nhng oxt no t/d vi nc, -Tc dng vi nc l: CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 axtclohyrc, natrihyrxt SO2,Na2O,CaO,CO2 CO2 + H2O H2CO3 Tc dng vi HCl l : T/dvi HCl l CuO, Na2O, CaO -Gv b sung v kt lun CuO,Na2O,CaO. CuO+2HClCuCl2+H2O Tc dng vi NaOH l: SO2, Na2O+2HCl2NaCl+H2O CO2. CaO+2HClCaCl2+H2O -GV yu cu hs vit PTHH -HS vit PTHH T/d vi NaOH l: SO2, CO2. -Gvb sung v kt lun SO2 + 2NaOH Na2SO3+H2O CO2 +2NaOH Na2CO3+H2O -GV yu cu hs nghin cu bi -HS nghin cu bi tp 3 v tr 3.Dn hn hp kh trn qua tp 3 trang 21 sgk v hi lm th li cu hi (dd Ca(OH)2 ) dung dch nc vi trong no loi b SO2,CO2ra khi Ca(OH)2 th SO2 vCO2 b gi CO li ta thu c CO tinh khit -GV b sung v kt lun Cc PTHH xy ra -GV yu cu hs vit cc PTHH -HS vit cc PTHH xy ra CO2 + Ca(OH)2CaCO3+H2O SO2 + Ca(OH)2CaSO3+H2O 4./Tng kt v vn dng : Gvnh gi tit dy t mc tiu cha v yu cu hs nu li mt s tnh cht ho hc c bn ca oxt v axt Cc bi tp 2,4,5 GV gi ,hng dn hs v nh lm 5/Dn d : -V nh lm bi tp hng dn v nghin cu bi thc hnh :TNH CHT HO HC CA OXT V AXT. n tp li tnh cht ho hc ca oxt v axt.
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son :6/9/10 Tun 5 ,tit 9 THC HNH :TNH CHT HO HC CA OXT V AXT I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: Bit c: Mc ch cc bc tin hnh, k thut thc hin cc th nghim -Oxit tc dng vi nc to thnh dd baz hoc axit -Nhn bit dd axit, dd baz v dd mui sunfat 2/K nng: -S dng dng c v ho cht tin hnh an ton, thnh cng cc th nghim trn -Quan st, m t, gii thch hin tng v vit c cc pthh ca th nghim -Vit tng trnh th nghim II/Chun b : 1.Dng c :ng nghim ,gi th nghim ,cc ng nc ,l thu tinh ming rng c nt nhm ,mung ly ho cht rn ,mung t ho cht rn ,ng nh git ,chi ra kp ng nghim ,n cn ,gi lau ,a khuy thu tinh 2.Ho cht :CaO,P ,dd HCl ,dd H2SO4,dd Na2SO4,qu tm ,dd baz III/Cc hot ng dy v hc : Gii thiu bi :Chng ta nghin cu 2 loi hp cht v c l oxt ,axt v mt s oxt ,axt quan trng ,hm nay bng thc nghim ,chng ta s kim chng li mt s tnh cht ca oxt v axt -Bi mi: Hot ng 1:Tnh cht ho hc ca oxit Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh 1/Gv yu cu hs bo co vic chun b bi thc -i din nhm hs bo co: hnh nh Mc tiu ca bi thc hnh:Rn luyn cc k nng thao tc th nghim: quan st hin tng, gii thch v rt ra kt lun v nhng tnh cht ho hc ca oxit v axit -Cch tin hnh 3tn nh ni dung sgk -Lu : TN1:Phn ng ca CaO vi nc rt mnh ,to nhiu nhit ,nn ch ly lng CaO nh ,khng s tay t vo vi sng -TN2:Phn ng ca P v O2 chy mnh ,to nhiu nhit ,ch ly 1lng nh P .Khng mung ng ho cht ang chy chm vo thnh l thu tinh ,khi lm th nghim khng gh mt gn l thu tinh . -TN3:Lm th nghim vi cc d daxt H2SO4 HCl -GV nhn xt nh gi v hon thin v c th phi cn thn ,khng axt dy vo qun o hng dn thm v cch rt cht lng vo ng nghim, nh git cht lng vo ng nghim bng cng t ht, nh git cht lng ln giy ch th bng cng t ht, lc ng nghim, t cht rn trong bnh thu tinh ming rng Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 22
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2/GV yu cu cc nhm tin hnh tn theo cc bc -Nhm hs thc hin tn ng lot nh ni dung sgk TN1:Phn ng ca canxi oxit vi nc -GV t cc nhm quan st nhn xt v hng dn TN2:Phn ng ca i pht pho penta oxit iu chnh kp thi cch tin hnh hoc hot ng TN3:Nhn bit cc dung dch ca nhm (nu cn) 3/Gv yu cu hs ghi chp kt qu th nghim -Nhm hs m t, nhm trng tng kt, th k ghi (C th gv yeu cu tng nhm hc sinh nu hin chp tng quan st c, nhn xt, kt lun qua tng TN1: Phn ng ca canxi oxit vi nc th nghim) Hin tng p to nhit, cht rn mu trng tan t trong nc, cht rn mu trng l Ca(OH)2. Dd thu c lm qu tm thnh xanh hoc lm hng phenolphtalin khong mu . v c p: CaO + H2O Ca(OH)2 KL: CaO l oxit baz td vi nc to thnh Ca(OH)2 TN2: Phn ng ca i pht pho penta oxit Hin tng:P2O5 tan ht trong nc, to thnh dd lm qu tm ho v dd to thnh l mt axit -P2O5l 1 oxit axit t/d c vi nc tora H3PO4 P2O5 + 3H2O 2H3PO4 TN3: Nhn bit cc dd: HCl, H2SO4, Na2SO4. -Ly mi l 1 git dd nh vo mu giy qu tm: nu qu tm khng i mu th l ng dd Na2SO4 , nu qu tm i sang mu th l ng dd HCl, H2SO4 -Nh vi git dd BaCl2 vo dd HCl v H2SO4 nu l no khng c kt ta l dd HCl, nu l no xut hin kt ta trng l dd H2SO4 BaCl2(dd) + H2SO4(dd) BaSO4(r) + 2HCl(dd) -Mi hs vit tng trnh ngay sau bui thc hnh hoc v nh gm cc ni dung:TN, hin tng, gii 4/Gv yu cu mi hs ghi kt qu vo tng trnh tn thch v vit pthh theo mu - Nhm hs phn cng Thu gom ho cht d sau tn v ra dng c tn, lau 5/Gv yu cu cc nhm hc sinh v sinh bn sch s v dng ng ni quy nh 6/GV nhn xt nh gi tit thc hnh v thao tc, chun b, an ton, k lut, v sinh V/Dn d: Lm bi tp v nghin cu cc bi t bi 16 chun b cho tit sau kim tra 1tit .
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Ngy son :13/9/10 Tun 6 ,tit 11 TNH CHT HO HC CA BAZ I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: -HS bit c nhng tnh cht ho hc chung ca baz (tc dng vi axit), tnh cht ho hc ring ca baz tan (tc dng vi oxit axit v v dd mui), tnh cht ho hc ring ca baz khng tan trong nc (b nhit phn hu) 2/K nng: -Tra bng tnh tan bit 1 baz c th thuc loi kim hoc baz khng tan. -Quan st th nghim v rt ra kt lun v tnh cht ca baz, tnh cht ring ca baz khng tan -Nhn bit mi trng dd baz bng ch th mu nh qu tm, phenolphtalein -Bi ton tnh khi lng, nng dd. II/Chun b : -Ho cht :Ca(OH)2,HCl,NaOH,H2SO4 long ,Ba(OH)2,CuSO4,phenolphtalein ,qu tm ,v CaCO3 hoc Na2SO3 -Dng c :Cc, chn s ,n cn ,ng nghim ,a thu tinh ,phu ,giy lc ,thit b iu ch CO2 t CaCO3 hoc SO2t Na2SO3 Phiu hc tp 1: (c th ghi bng ph) Th nghim ,cch tin hnh Hin tng Nhn xt,kt lun TN1:Nh 1git dung dch kim (NaOH,KOH,Ca(OH)2...) vo 1 mu giy qu tm . TN2: Nh 1 git dung dch phenolphtalein vo ng nghim ng 1ml dung dch NaOH TN3:Cho 1 t Cu(OH)2 vo chn s, nung nng chn s trn ngn la n cn III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh: 2/Bi c:Kim tra bi c v chun b bi mi 1.HCl tc dng c vi A.Oxt axt , B. Axt , C. Baz , D. Tt c 2.C nhng cht sau:H2O,NaOH,CO2,SO2,HCl.Cc cp cht phn ng vi nhau l :A.2,B.3 ,C.4, D.5 Qua 2 cu hi trn HS c th nhn xt tnh cht ho hc ca baz ni chung v ca kim (GV da vo tnh hung ny gii thiu bi ) 3/Bi mi: Hot ng 1:Tc dng ca dd baz vi cht ch th mu Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1/Tc dng ca dd baz vi cht -GV yu cu hs c cch tin -Hs nu cch tin hnh tn ch th mu hnh TN1,2 sgk -Cc dd baz lm qu tm thnh -GV hng dn hs tin hnh tn -Hs tin hnh tn, quan st mu xanh ,dd phenolphtalein (hoc gv tin hnh tn) TN1:nh 1 git dd NaOH vo khng mu thnh mu hng mu giy qu tm TN2: Nh 12 git dd NaOH vo dd phenolphthalein -GV yu cu hs quan st hin -HS tr li cu hi tng, nhn xt v kt lun 2/Tc dng ca dd baz vi oxt -Da vo tnh cht ho hc ca -HS vit PTHH v rt ra kt lun axt :to thnh mui v nc oxit axit gv yu cu hs vit pthh Ca(OH)2(dd)+CO2(k)CaCO3(r)+H2O(l) ca dd baz vi oxit axit v KL 3/Tc dng ca baz vi axt(phn ng trung ho ): -HS vit PTHH v rt ra kt lun Baz tan v baz khng tan u -Da vo tnh cht ho hc ca t/d vi axt to thnh mui v axit gv yu cu vit pthh cua nc baz vi axit v kt lun Cu(OH) (r)+2HCl(dd)CuCl (dd) +2H O(l) -HS c cch tin hnh tn v lm tn di s hng dn ca gv NaOH(dd)+H SO (dd)Na SO (dd) +2H O(l) -GV yu cu hs c cch tin -Hs quan st, nhn xt, vit pthh 4/Baz khng tan b nhit phn Baz khng tan b nhit phn hnh tn baz khng tan b nhit v kt lun phn v lm th nghim hu to thnh oxt v nc -GV yu cu hs quan st, nhn Cu(OH)2(r)CuO(r) +H2O(h) -Ngoi ra dd baz cn tc dng xt v rt ra kt lun -GV b sung ngoi Cu(OH)2ra vi dd mui th Fe(OH)3,Al(OH)3 ...cng b nhit phn -GV thng bo dd baz cn t/d vi dd mui ,chng ta s tm hiu tnh cht ny bi 9 IV/Tng kt v vn dng : GV yu cu HS lm bi tp c ghi bng ph Ni dung bi tp c ghi bng ph nh sau : 1/Khi cho t t dung dch NaOH cho n khi d vo ng nghim ng dd hn hp gm HCl v mt t phenolphtalein hin tng quan st c trong ng nghim l A.Mu hng mt dn , B. mu hng chuyn dn sang xanh C.Mu xanh khng thay i D.Mu xanh t t xut hin 2/Cho mt t qu tm vo dd NaOH mu ca d d thu c thay i nh th no khi cho thm tip t t dd HCl vo A.Mu hng khng thay i B.Mu hng chuyn dn sang xanh C.Mu xanh khng thay i D.Mu xanh chuyn dn sang hng 3/Khi trn ln d d X cha 1mol HCl vo dd Y cha 1,5 mol NaOH c dung dch Z qu tm chuyn mu g khi cho vo dd Z A.Mu hng , B.Mu xanh , C.Khng mu , D .Mu tm . *Qua bi tp vn dng v bi hc GV yu cu HS tng kt bi hc -GV b sung V/Dn d : HS v nh hc bi c ,lm bi tp sgk ,sbt bi 7.2 ,nghin cu bi mi :Mt s baz quan trng
2 2 2 2 4 2 4 2
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Ngy son 15/9/10 Tun 6,tit 12 MT S BAZ QUAN TRNG : NaOH I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS bit : -tnh cht ca nhng baz quan trng l NaOH .c y tnh cht ho hc ca mt d d baz -.Phng php sn xut NaOH bng cch in phn d d NaCl trong cng nghip -Nhng ng dng quan trng ca NaOH trong i sng ,sn xut -Kin thc trng tm: Tnh cht ho hc ca NaOH. 2/K nng: -Vit c cc PTHH cho mi tnh cht ,vit c phng trnh in phn, nhn bit c dd NaOH -Tnh th tch hoc khi lng dd NaOH tham gia p. II/Chun b : -Ho cht :Cc dung dch NaOH ,,HCl,H2SO4long ,CO2 hoc SO2,mt s dd mui Cu,Fe(III -Dng c :ng nghim c nh ,cc thu tinh ,phu giy lc III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1/n nh : 2/Bi c : Nu tnh cht ho hc ca baz, mi tnh cht vit 1 pthh minh ho 3/Cc hot ng dy v hc : Gii thiu bi :NaOH,l baz quan trng vy NaOH c nhng tnh cht g ?Hm nay cc em s nghin cu *NaOH(Natri hyr xit) Hot ng 1:Cc th nghim v tnh cht ca NaOH Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Tnh cht vt l : GV cho HS quan st mu NaOH -HS nhn xt -Cht rn ,khng mu ,ht m rn v yu cu HS nhn xt v mnh ,tan nhiu trong nc v trng thi v kh nng ht m to nhit -GV biu din t/n ho tan NaOH -Dung dch NaOH c tnh nhn, rn trong nc yu cu HS nhn -HS quan st v nhn xt lm bc giy ,vi, n mn da . xt -GV kt lun v tnh cht vt l ca NaOH 2/Tnh cht ho hc : a/Vi cht ch th mu : -GV yu cu HS lm TN ,nghin cu tnh cht ca dd NaOH vi HS lm TN ,quan st nhn xt 26
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Dung dch NaOH i mu qu cht ch th mu (qu tm hoc tm thnh xanh .d d phenolphtalein) phenolphtalein khng mu thnh mu b/Tc dng vi axt: -GV lm TN (hoc yu cu hs Dung dch NaOH tc dng vi lm tn) Ly 1ng nghim cha -HS quan st ,nhn xt ,vit axt to thnh mui v nc 1ml dd NaOH long .Thm vo PTHH (phn ng trung ho ) 1 git dd phenolphtalein (d d NaOH(dd)+HCl(ddNaCl(dd) +H2O(l) chuyn sang mu hng .)Thm t t tng git dd HCl vo ng nghim v yu cu HS quan st ,nhn xt ,vit PTHH c/Tc dng vi oxt axt: -GV lm TN dn t t kh CO2 Dung dch NaOH t/d vi oxt t bnh kp vo ng nghim cha -HS quan st hin tng, nhn axt to thnh mui v nc 1ml d d NaOH long, thm vo xt v vit PTHH 2NaOH(dd)+CO (k) Na CO (dd)+H O (l) 1 git dd phenolphtalein v yu cu HS quan st hin tng, nhn xt,vit PTHH..(nu c) -GV thng bo dd NaOH cn td c vi dd mui v k/lun v tc ho hc ca ddNaOH Hot ng 2:Nghin cu ng dng ca NaOH Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 3/ng dng : GV yu cu HS hot ng theo -HS tho lun nhm ,i din -Sn xut x phng ,cht ty nhm t xy dng s v nhm trnh by ra ,bt git ,t nhn to nhng ng dng ca NaOH -Nhm khc nhn xt b sung ,giy ,nhm,ch bin du m v -GV b sung v kt lun nh sgk nhiu ngnh c/n ho cht khc Hot ng3:Sn xut NaOH GV yu cu HS nghin cu sgk ,in cc thng tin vo cc trng trong bng sau : Nguyn liu c im thit b Phng trnh ho hc
2 2 3 2
4/Tng kt v vn dng :(tit 1) -GV yu cu HS tm tt tnh cht ho hc ca NaOH -Vn dng :HS gii bi tp 1,3 trang 27 sgk 5/Dn d: hc bi v nghin cu bi mi :Ca(OH)2
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Ngy son:16/9/10 Tun 7, tit 13 MT S BAZ QUAN TRNG: Ca(OH)2 I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS bit : -tnh cht ca nhng baz quan trng l Ca(OH)2 .c y tnh cht ho hc ca mt d d baz . -Nhng ng dng quan trng ca Ca(OH)2 trong i sng ,sn xut -Thang pH v ngha gi tr pH ca dung dch 2/K nng: -Nhn bit dd Ca(OH)2 -Vit c cc PTHH cho mi tnh -Tnh khi lng hoc th tch dd Ca(OH)2 II/Chun b :cht -Ho cht :Cc dung dch Ca(OH)2,HCl,H2SO4long ,CO2 hoc SO2,mt s dd mui Cu,Fe(III -Dng c :ng nghim c nh ,cc thu tinh ,phu giy lc III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1/n nh : 2/Kim tra bi c :(Ni dung bi tp c ghi trn bng ph ) Cu 1:Hon thnh cc PTHH theo s phn ng sau : NaOH+ ? Na2SO4+ H2O , NaOH + ? Na2CO3 +H2O Na2SO4+ ? BaSO4+NaCl , NaOH + ? Na2SO4 +Cu(OH)2 Cu 2:Ni cc na cu cc ct A vi cc s th t 1,2,3,4 ch cc baz v ct B vi cc ch a,b,c,d. Ch tnh cht sao cho thch hp A B 1.NaOH a.L 1 baz khng tan 2.Cu(OH)2 b. C th b nhit phn to ra Al2O3 3.Fe(OH)3 c. L baz khng tan mu xanh 4.Al(OH)3 d.L baz tan (kim ) e.C th b nhit phn T ghp ni 1...., 2...., 3...., 4...., 3/Cc hot ng dy v hc I/Tnh cht :Hot ng 1:Nghin cu cch pha ch dung dch Ca(OH)2 1/Pha ch dung dch Ca(OH)2 -GV gii thiu dd Ca(OH)2 cn -HS ch lng nghe Ho tan mt t vi ti Ca(OH)2 c tn gi l nc vi trong Trong nc ,ta c mt cht -GV lm TN pha ch dd -HS quan st cch pha ch dd v Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 28
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------lng trong sut ,khng mu l dd Ca(OH)2(nh sgk hng dn tr li cu hi Ca(OH)2 -GV yu cu HS nhn xt v tan ca Ca(OH)2 -GV b sung :Ca(OH)2 l cht t tan , t0 phng 1 lt nc ho tan gn 2g Ca(OH)2 -GV hi :nc vi trong lu -HS tho lun v tr li ngy trong khng kh c 1 lp vng mng CaCO3 trn b mt ti sao ? -GV b sung :V CO2 trong khng kh tc dng vi Ca(OH)2 Hot ng 2:Nghin cu tnh cht ho hc ca Ca(OH)2 Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 2/Tnh cht ho hc : -GV c th s dng phng php -HS nh li tnh cht ho hc a/Lm i mu cht ch th : so snh dd NaOH hc vi dd ca NaOH v suy ra tnh cht -Dd Ca(OH)2 i mu qu tm Ca(OH)2 c 2 cht u l baz ho hc ca Ca(OH)2 v hon thnh xanh ,hoc i mu dd kim ,cc tnh cht ho hc ca thnh cc PTHH phenolphtalein khng mu thnh dd NaOH cng l tnh cht ca Ca(OH)2+ ? CaCl2 + H2O mu dd Ca(OH)2.Sau yu cu HS Ca(OH)2 + ? CaCO3 + H2O Ca(OH)2 + ? BaSO3 + H2O b/Tc dng vi axt: hon thnh cc PTHH minh ho Ca(OH)2 + ? CaSO4 + Cu(OH)2 Ca(OH)2 tc dng vi axt to -GV b sung v kt lun thnh mui v nc
Ca(OH)2(dd)+H2SO4(dd)CaSO4(r) +2H2O(l)
c/Tc dng vi oxt axt : -Dung dch Ca(OH)2tc dng vi oxt axt,to thnh mui v nc
Ca(OH)2(dd)+CO2(k) CaCO3(r) +H2O(l)
*Ngoi ra dd Ca(OH)2 cn tc dng vi dd mui (xem bi 9) Hot ng 3:ng dng ca Ca(OH)2 Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Lm vt liu xy dng -GV yu cu HS nghin cu sgk -HS nghin cu sgk v tr li -Kh chua t trng trt cng vi hiu bit ca mnh cu hi -Kh c cc cht thi cng nu ng dng ca Ca(OH)2 nghip ,dit trng ,cht thi sinh -Gvb sung v kt lun hot v xc cht ng vt Hot ng 4:II/Thang pH,rn luyn k nng xc nh pH bng cch so mu Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Xc nh pH bng cch so mu -GV nu l do v sao cn nghin -HS ch lng nghe v nh li : cu khi nim pH v cch xc cch o pH mn cng ngh 6 -Ly 1 mu giy o pH nh pH -Dng ng nh git ,nh 1 git -GV lm th nghim hng dn -HS quan st gv lm th nghim cht cn xc nh pH ln giy o c lp cc quan st xc nh pH (nhim v ca HS l xc nh pH ca 1s dd sau:HCl 0,1M, nc pH) Nu c iu kin cho hs thc -So mu sc ca giy o pH sau chanh p, nc vi trong ,nc hnh theo nhm TN vi thang mu chun np ct v nc my -i din hs trnh by kt qu Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 29
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------hp giy o pH -GV b sung v kt lun vo bng 1 -in cc thng tin vo bng 1 2/Thang pH :pH ca 1 dd cho -GV hi :ngi ta dng thang pH bit axt hoc baz ca lm g -HS tr li dung dch Ni dung bng 1 Dung dch Mu ca giy o pH sau pH Mi trng (axt hay th nghim baz ) Axt HCl 0,1 M Nc chanh p Nc vi trong Nc ct Nc my 4/Tng kt v vn dng : GV ghi bi tp vo bng ph v yu cu HS tr li theo nhm Ni dung bi tp : 1.Dung dch Ca(OH)2 phn ng c vi cht no sau y A.Dung dch NaOH , B.Dung dch NaCl , C.Kh CO2 , D. Kh CO 2.Ho tan ht 4,6g Na vo nc c dd X ,th tch dd HCl 1M cn phn ng ht vi dd X l : A. 100ml , B.200ml , C. 300ml , D. 400ml 3.Nhn nh no sau y khng ng ? A.Nc ct c pH = 7 , B.Nc chanh p c pH <7, C.Nc vi trong c pH>7, D.Nc rung chua c pH>7 5/Dn d :V nh lm bi tp 8.3,8.4,8.5.Hc k bi ,c thm phn em c bit .
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son :27/9/10 Tun 7 , tit 14 TNH CHT HO HC CA MUI I/Mc tiu 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit -Nhng tnh cht ho hc ca mui (kin thc trng tm): tc dng vi kim loi, dd axit, dd baz, dd mui khc, nhiu mui b nhit phn hu nhit cao. -Khi nim phn ng trao i v nhng iu kin xy ra phn ng trao i (kin thc trng tm) 2/K nng: -Tin hnh mt s th nghim, quan st gii thch hin tng rt ra c kt lun v tnh cht ho hc ca mui. -vit c cc PTHH minh ho cho mi tnh cht ho hc ca mui. -Tnh th tch hoc khi lng dd mui trong phn ng. II/Chun b : Dng c :Ga ng nghim ,ng nghim ,kp g ,ng ht v nh git ho cht ,n cn . Ho cht :Dung dch AgNO3,dd NaCl,dd CuSO4,KmnO4 tinh th ,dd HCl ,dd BaCl2,dd Na2SO4, dd NaOH ,inh st mi . III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1/n nh : 2/Kim tra bi c :Nu tnh cht ho hc ca Ca(OH)2 3/Cc hot ng dy v hc : -Gii thiu bi :GV yu cu HS vit CTHH ca 1 s hp cht c tn sau :Natri clorua , kali ccbont ,st(II) sunft,canxi hyr ccbont Cc em c nhn xt g v thnh phn phn t ca hp cht trn .HS tr li GV gii thiu tn bi hc v ghi mc ln bng Hot ng 1:Nghin cu tnh cht ho hc ca mui : Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Mui tc dng vi kim loi :Dd -GV tin hnh tn( hoc hs lm - HS tin hnh tn (nu c) mui c th tc dng vi kim loi tn)Th 1 inh st sch vo ng to thnh mui mi v kim loi nghim ng dd CuSO4 mi -GV yu cu hs quan st hin -Hs qst v tr li Cy inh st Fe(r)+CuSO4(dd)FeSO4(dd) +Cu(r) tng, vit pthh v kt lun c mu ,dd CuSO4 nht dn 2/Mui tc dng vi axt:Mui c -Gv tin hnh tn (hoc hs tin -Hs quan st v tr li C si bt th tc dng c vi axt sn hnh tn)Th 1 mu nh CaCO3 kh phm l mui mi v axt mi vo ng nghim cha dd HCl v CaCO (r)+H SO (dd)CaSO (r)+H O(l)+CO (k) yu cu hs quan st v vit pthh 3/Mui tc dng vi mui: v kt lun -Hs quan st v tr li: (c cht 2 dd mui c th tc dng vi -GV tin hnh tn(hoc hs tin khng tan mu trng xut hin ) nhau to thnh 2mui mi hnh tn)nh vi git dd AgNO3 BaCl (dd)+Na SO (dd)BaSO (r) +NaCl(dd ) Vo ng nghim c sn 1ml dd natri clorua v yu cu hs quan -HS quan st v tr li(Xut hin cht khng tan mu xanh l) 4/Mui tc dng vi kim :Dd st, vit pthh, kt lun mui tc dng vi d d baz sinh -GV tin hnh tn (hoc hs tin ra mui mi v baz mi hnh tn) Nh tng git dung dch CuSO4 vo ng nghim ng dd -Hs vit pthh CuSO (dd)+2NaOH(dd)Cu(OH)(r) +Na SO (d NaOH v yu cu hs quan st, vit pthh, kt lun gvYu cu HS 5/Nhit phn mui :Mui d b nh lt phn ng nung vi ,iu
3 2 4 4 2 2 2 2 4 4 4 2 4
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nhit phn hu nhit cao ch oxi t KClO3 hay KMnO4(Khng yu cu lm th -Hs ch lng nghe KClO3 2KCl+ O2 0 nghim ) vit pthh T -Ch mi tnh cht sau khi hs CaCO3 CaO + CO2 kt lun gv c nhim nhn xt b sung v kt lun Hot ng 2:II/Phn ng trao i trong dung dch : Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Nhn xt v cc phn ng ho GV yu cu HS nhn xt v cc -HS da vo cc phn ng ho hc ca mui : phn ng ho hc (vi axt ,kim hc nhn xt Ag c trong mui )c c im no chung ? AgNO3 i ch vi H c trong AgNO3 + HCl AgCl + HNO3 -GV b sung v kt lun HCl... CuSO4+KOHCu(OH)2+K2SO4 -T nhn xt GV yu cu HS cho bit th no l phn ng trao i -HS tr li : 2/Phn ng trao i ; (2 hp cht trao i vi nhau v l phn ng ho hc trong 2 -GV b sung v kt lun thnh phn cu to ca chng ) hp cht tham gia phn ng trao i vi nhau nhng thnh phn cu to ca chng to ra nhng hp cht mi Ni dung bi ghi 3/iu kin xy ra phn ng trao i : Phn ng trao i trong d d ca cc cht ch xy ra nu sn phm to thnh c cht khng tan hoc cht kh Gio vin Hc sinh -T cc phn ng ho hc trn -HS tr li (cht khng tan hoc GV yu cu HS nu iu kin cht kh ) xy ra phn ng trao i l g ? -GV nu phn ng trung ho cng thuc loi phn ng trao i v lun xy ra(GV cho VD) -GV gii thiu bng tnh tan trang 170 sgk ,cch x dng bng tnh tan. 4/Tng kt v vn dng : GV treo bng ph c ghi ni dung bi tp 1.Cho cc cht :CaCO3,HCl,NaOH,CuCl2,BaCl2,K2SO4.C bao nhiu cp cht c th phn ng vi nhau : A. 2 , B . 3 , C. 4 , D . 5 Vit PTHH xy ra 2.Mui CuSO4 c th phn ng cc cht no sau y (chn 1 trong 4 ch ci A,B,C,D) A.CO2,NaOH,H2SO4 ; B .H2SO4,AgNO3,Cu(OH)2,C.NaOH,BaCl2,Fe,H2SO4 , D.NaOH ,BaCl2,Fe, Al. -Da vo bi tp vn dng GV tng kt bi 5/Dn d : -Hc k bi ,lm bi tp sgk 2,3,4,6-GV hng dn :Bi tp 1a CaCO3 CO2 , 1b BaCl2BaSO4Bi tp 2:Dng HCl,BaCl2. Bi tp 3:a/ 2 mui ,b/ khng c/ CuCl2
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son :1/10/10 Tun 8,tit 15 MT S MUI QUAN TRNG I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit -Mt s tnh cht ca mui NaCl c dng ho tan trong nc bin v dng kt tinh trong m mui .Mui KNO3 him c trong t nhin ,c sn xut trong cng nghip bng phng php nhn to -Nhng ng dng ca NaCl v KNO3 trong i sng v trong cng nghip 2/K nng: -Phn bit cc mui bng cc phn ng ho hc II/Chun b : S ng dng ca mui NaCl,KNO3 III/Tin trnh ln lp ; 1/n nh : 2/Kim tra bi c : GV yu cu HS lm bi tp s 1,4 .GV gi HS nhn xt ,b sung .Sau GV b sung v kt lun 3/Bi mi : -Gii thiu bi :Chng ta th hnh dung cuc sng thiu mui NaCl s nh th no ?(HS c th t tr li theo s hiu bit ca mnh )GV c th nu thm s cn thit ca NaCl trong cuc sng .Bi hm nay s nghin cu mt s mui quan trng l NaCl v KNO3 -Cc hot ng dy v hc Hot ng 1Nghin cu trng thi t nhin v cch khai thc NaCl Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Trng thi t nhin : -GV yu cu HS c sgk v rt -HS c v nhn xt -Mui NaCl tn ti dng ho ra nhn xt -HS khc b sung tan trong nc bin -GV b sung v kt lun -Ngoi ra mui NaCl cn tn ti trong lng t di dng mui m -GV t vn t trng thi 2/Cch khat thc : thin nhin ca NaCl ngi ta - nhng ni c bin :Cho nc khai thc mui nh th no? mn bay hi t t ,thu c -GV yu cu HS quan st hnh -HS quan st hnh 1.23 v c mui kt tinh 1.23 v c cch khai thc sgk - nhng ni c m mui :o -GV yu cu HS nu cch khai -HS tr li hm hoc ging su qua cc lp thc mui nhng ni c bin -HS khc b sung (cho nc mn t n m mui .Mui m hoc h nc mn bay hi t t ) c nghin nh v tinh ch -GV b sung v kt lun c mui sch -GV yu cu HS nu cch khai -HS tr li (o hm hoc ging thc mui nhng ni c m su ) mui -GV b sung v kt lun 3/ng dng : -GV t chc cho HS lm vic -HS tho lun nhm -Gia v v bo qun thc phm theo nhm ,tho lun ,xy dng - iu ch mt s ho cht c s mt s ng dng quan nhiu ng dng trong cc ngnh trng ca NaCl cng nghip nh sn xut thu -GV v 1s cha hon chnh -i din nhm hon thnh s Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 33
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------tinh ,cht do ,cht dit trng trn bng mi i din nhm ln -i din nhm khc b sung ,ch to x phng ... in y cc thng tin hon chnh -GV b sung v kt lun GV nu vn ngoa NaCl cn c mt s mui quan trng khc trong c KNO3 Hot ng 2:Nghin cu tnh cht v ng dng ca KNO3 Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Tnh cht : -GV yu cu HS c sgk ri i -HS c sgk v tr li cu hi -Tan nhiu trong nc ,b phn din nhm tm tt tnh cht ca hu nhit cao KNO3 (gv c th lm tn v tnh tan ca KNO3 KNO3 (r)2KNO2(r) + O2(k) -GV b sung v kt lun -C tnh oxi ho mnh 2/ng dng : -HS c sgk v tr li cu hi -Ch to thuc n en -GV yu cu HS c sgk tm tt -Lm phn bn -Bo qun thc phm trong cng v nu ng dng ca KNO3 -GV b sung v kt lun nghip 4/Tng kt v vn dng : -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh v tr li cu hi Nu tnh cht v ng dng :ca NaCl ,ca KNO3 -Bi tp vn dng : 1.Khi in phn dd NaCl khng c mng ngn sn phm thu c l : ANaOH, H2, v Cl2 ; B. NaCl ,NaClO ,v Cl2 ; C . NaCl ,NaClO,H2 v H2O ; D .NaClO ,H2 v Cl2 2. C nhng mui sau :NaCl,MgSO4,HgSO4,Pb(NO3)2,KNO3,CaCO3. Mui no trong s cc mui trn A .Lm nguyn liu sn xut vi ,sn xut ximng B.Rt c i vi ngi v ng vt C. Mui no c th dng lm thuc chng to bn D .c sn xut nhiu vng b bin nc ta E. Mui no c dng lm thuc n en 3.C cc dd mui khng mu NaCl,MgCl2,KNO3,Na2SO4 .Cc thuc th phn bit cc mui l: A.Qu tm , NaOH, AgNO3; B .BaCl2, NaOH, AgNO3 ; C. Phenolphtalein khng mu , NaOH, BaCl2 ; D. BaCl2, NaOH, qu tm . 5/Dn d :Lm bi tp 1,3,5 sgk trang 36 ,hc bi c ,nghin cu bi mi :Phn bn ho hc -Su tm mu cc loi phn bn ho hc thng dng a phng
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son :2/10/10 Tun 8 ,tit 16 PHN BN HO HC I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit -Tn, thnh phn ho hc v ng dng ca mt s phn bn ho hc thng dng -Vai tr , ngha ca nhng nguyn t ho hc i vi i sng ca thc vt -Mt s phn bn n v phn bn kp thng dng v cng thc ho hc ca mi loi phn bn -Phn bn vi lng l g v mt s nguyn t vi lng cn cho thc vt 2/K nng: -Nhn bit c mt s phn bn thng dng -Tnh ton tm thnh phn % theo khi lng ca nguyn t dinh dng trong phn bn . II/Chun b : -HS chun b mu cc loi phn bn ,cng thc hh ca chng c dng a phng v gia nh -GV chun b mt s mu phn bn c trong sgk III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1/n nh : 2/Bi c : GV yu cu HS gii bi tp 1,4 sgk trang 36 3/Bi mi : -Gii thiu bi : GV ho: ti sao sau v thu hoch t trng s bc mu hn ? HS tr li :t trng b bc mu do thc vt ly cc nguyn t dinh dng t t GV hi :Lm th no nng sut v sau cao hn v trc ? HS tr li :Bng cch bn phn .C th dng cc loi phn hu c v cc loi phn bn ho hc GV : tm hiu cc thng tin v phn bn ho hc ,cng thc ho hc ,vai tr ca phn bn trong nng nghip ,chng ta cng nghin cu bi 11-phn bn ho hc -Cc hot ng dy v hc : Hot ng 1:T chc cho HS tm hiu thnh phn ca thc vt ,vai tr ca cc nguyn t hhc i vi thc vt Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Thnh phn ca thc vt : -GV yu cu HS c sgk v tr -HS c sgk v tr li cu hi -Nguyn t a lng :C,H,O,N, li cc cu hi K,Ca,P,Mg,S. -Ngoi khong 90% l nc , -Nguyn t vi lng :B,Cu,Zn, 10% khi lng kh ca thc vt Fe, Mn bao gm cc nguyn t a lng v vi lng no ? GV b sung v kt lun 2/Vai tr ca cc nguyn t ho -Nguyn t ho hc no o -HS tr li (C,H,O) hc i vi thc vt cy trng ly t nc v khng -Cc nguyn t C,H,O l nhng kh ? nguyn t c bn cu to nn -Nguyn t ho hc no c -HS tr li (N,P,K,S,Ca.Mg..) hp cht gluxt cy trng ly t t ? _Nguyn t N kch thch cy -GV b sung v kt lun trng pht trin mnh . -GV yu cu HS cho bit vai tr -HS tr li (da vo sgk v kin -Nguyn t P kch thch s pht ca tng nguyn t i vi cy thc hc mn cng ngh lp trin b r thc vt . trng 7) -Nguyn t K :Tng hp nn -GV b sung v kt lun Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 35
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------cht dip lc v kch thch cy trng ra hoa ,lm ht -Nguyn t S :Tng hp nn prtein -Nguyn t Ca,Mg:Sinh sn cht dip lc -Nguyn t vi lng cn thit cho s pht trin ca thc vt Hot ng 3:T chc cho HS tm hiu nhng phn bn ho hc thng dng : Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh II/Nhng phn bn ho hc -GV thng bo phn bn ho -HS ch lng nghe v tr li thng dng : hc c th dng dng n v cu hi (HS da vo sgk v di 1/Phn bn n: dng kp s dn dt ca GV tr li cu a/nh ngha : -GV cho VD NH4NO3,KCl, hi ) Phn bn n ch cha 1 trong 3 Ca(H2PO4)2.. gii thiu y l nguyn t dinh dng chnh l loi phn bn n v yu cu m (N), ln (P), kali (K). HS tr li cu hi :Phn bn n l g ? -Gvb sung v kt lun -GV cho HS lm vic theo nhm -HS lm vic theo nhm v di b/Mt s phn bn n thng v yu cu HS nghin cu s ch dn ca GV ,hon thnh dng sgk,quan st cc mu vt v in bng 1 cc thng tin vo trng trong bng 1 -GV mi i din nhm trnh by kt qu lm vic ca nhm Ni dung bng 1 Phn m Phn ln Phn kali ur amonisunft amoninitrt Cng thc Tnh tan trong nc Ni dung bi ghi 2/Phn bn kp : Phn bn kp c cha 2 hoc c 3 nguyn t dinh dng N,P,K. -Cch to ra phn bn kp : Hn hp nhng phn bn n c trn vi nhau theo mt t l la chn thch hp vi tng loi cy trng hoc tng hp trc tip bng phng php ho hc Gio vin -GV yu cu HS t c sgk ,tm tt chnh v tr li cu hi : So thnh phn dinh dng ca phn bn n v phn bn kp -GV b sung v kt lun -GV hi :Cc cch to ra phn bn ho hc kp nh th no ? -GV b sung v kt lun Hc sinh -HS t c sgkv tr li cu hi (C nhiu nguyn t dinh dng hn )
-HS tr li
-GV t vn v c sn hoa qu mt s a phng nh -HS ch lng nghe Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 36
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nhn lng hng yn, bi nm roi ..Ch ngon khi trng a phng .Ging cy trng 3/ Phn bn vi lng : khi chuyn n a phng khc Phn bn vi lng c cha mt th khng c ngon nh s nguyn t ho hc m cy cn trc .Bi v iu khc bit rt t nhng li cn thit cho s y l cc nguyn t vi lng pht trin ca cy trng -GV yu cu HS c sgk v tr li cc cu hi sau : -HS c sgk v tr li cu hi Phn vi lng l g ? -GV b sung v kt lun -HS tr li Vai tr ca phn vi lng -GV b sung v kt lun 4/Tng lt v vn dng : -GV yu cu HS tr li cu hi :Thnh phn ca thc vt ,nhng phn bn ho hc n v kp thng dng l nhng cht no ? -GV b sung v tng kt nh sgk _Bi tp vn dng : 1. Khi bn cng mt khi lng NH4Cl v NH4NO3 lng N do NH4NO3 cung cp cho cy trng so vi NH4Cl l : A.Nhiu hn , B. t hn , C. Bng nhau , D .Cha xc nh c 2.Phn bn kp l A.Phn bn dnh cho cy 2 l mm B.Phn bn dnh cho cy 1 l mm C. Phn bn c cha nhiu nguyn t dinh dng D.Phn bn c cha 1 nguyn t dinh dng 5/Dn d: -Hc bi c v lm bi tp sgk :bt1 GV hng dn hs c tn ,phn loi ,trn 2 hay 3 loi phn c 3nguyn t N, P, K. -Bi tp 2:Dng NaOH , Ca(OH)2 -Nghin cu bi mi: Mi quan h gia cc loi hp cht v c. Nghin cu s biu din mi quan h v vit cc pthh minh ho.
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Ngy son :4/10/10 Tun 9 ,tit 17 MI QUAN H GIA CC HP CHT V C I/Mc tiu : 1.Kin thc: -Bit v chng minh c mi quan h gia oxit axit, baz, mui. 2.K nng: -Lp s mi quan h gia cc loi hp cht v c -Vit c cc PTHH minh ho cho mi quan h gia cc loi cht v c -Phn bit mt s hp cht v c c th -Tnh thnh phn trm v khi lng hoc th tch ca hn hp cht rn, hn hp cht lng, hn hp cht kh * Trng tm: Mi quan h hai chiu gia cc loi hp cht v c.v k nng thc hin cc pthh II/Chun b : -HS nghin cu trc khi n lp s biu din mi quan h gia cc loi cht v c trang 40 sgk ho hc 9 -GV chun b sn s biu din mi quan h gia cc loi hp cht v c trang 40 sgk ,nhng cha in sn cc mi tn ,khi hc n mi quan h gia cp cht no th in mu tn 1 hoc 2 chiu III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1/n nh : 2/Bi c : Khoanh trn mt trong cc ch A,B,C,D .ng trc phng n chn ng -Cho cc dung dch ca cc cht NaOH ,HCl,Na2CO3 v cc cht CO2,H2O.S lng cc cp cht c th phn ng vi nhau tng i mt l : A .3 , B .4 , C . 5 , D. 6 Vit cc PTHH minh ho 3/Bi mi : GV da vo cu hi kim tra bi c gii thiu bi :Sau khi HS tr li cu hi (bi c).GV b sung ,kt lun v cho bit :Mun tr li ng cu hi trn cn nm vng mi quan h gia cc hp cht v c . nm vng mi quan h gia cc hp cht v c ta s dng phng php s . *Cc hot ng dy v hc : -Hot ng 1:Xy dng s mi quan h gia cc hp cht v c Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Oxt baz Oxt axit GV pht phiu hc tp c v s -HS tho lun nhm hon thnh MUI 1(cha c cc mi tn )cho s Baz Axit cc nhm v yu cu cc nhm tho lun (in mi tn) -GV yu cu i din nhm trnh -i din nhm tr li :trnh by by kt qu tho lun kt qu tho lun v sn phm -GV b sung (GV nn gii thch ca nhm r cho HS mi mi tn tng -Cc nhm khc pht biu b trng cho 1 PTHH .Trong sung ,gc ca mi tn l cht tham gia ,ngn ca mi tn ch sn phm ca phn ng ) hoc hot ng c nhn
Hot ng 2:Nhng phn ng ho hc minh ho Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin 1/CuO(r)+2HCl(dd)CuCl2(dd)+H2O (l) -GV yu cu c 2 nhm vit 2/CO2(k)+2NaOH(dd)Na2CO3(dd) +H2O PTHH minh ho ca 3 mi quan 3/ K2O(r)+H2O(l) 2KOH(dd) h 4/Cu(OH)2(r)-> CuO(r) + H2O(l) -GV chia bng lm 3 phn . Gi 5/ SO2(k)+H2O (l) H2SO3 (dd) 6/Mg(OH) (r)+H SO (dd)MgSO (dd) +2H O i din mi nhm ghi 3 PTHH 7/CuSO (dd)+2NaOH(dd)Cu(OH) (r)+ Na SO -GV yu cu 3 nhm cn li 8/AgNO (dd)+HCl(dd) AgCl(r) +HNO (dd) 9/H SO (dd)+ZnO(r)ZnSO (dd) + H O(l) theo di kt qu , nhn xt -GV b sung v kt lun
2 2 4 4 2 4 2 2 4 3 4 3 2 4 2
Hc sinh -HS tho lun nhm theo s phn cng ca GV -i din nhm tr li -Cc nhm cn li nhn xt
4/Tng kt v vn dng : -GV yu cu HS nhn xt mi quan h ca cc hp cht v c -HS tr li :Mi quan h v tnh cht ho hc gia cc hp cht v c l phc tp v a dng -GV tng kt nh sgk -GV yu cu HS gii bi tp 2 trang 41 sgk GV gi phn ng gia axit +baz ,axit +mui ,baz +mui ...iu kin cho phn ng xy ra -GV yu cu HS gii bi tp 3 trang 41 sgk GV hng dn :Da vo s v phn ng minh ho gii bi tp ny 5/Dn d : -HS v nh hc bi c v lm bi tp 1,4 sgk .Nghin cu bi mi :Luyn tp chng I (Gii cc bi tp trong phn II tit sau luyn tp : Cn xem li cch phn loi cc hp cht v c v tnh cht ho hc.
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son 7/10/10 Tun 9 ,tit 18 Bi 13 LUYN TP CHNG I CC LOI HP CHT V C I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: HS bit -c s phn loi ca cc hp cht v c -HS nh li v h thng ho nhng tnh cht ho hc ca mi loi hp cht . 2/K nng: -Vit c nhng PTHH biu din cho mi tnh cht ca hp cht -HS bit gii bi tp c lin quan n nhng tnh cht ho hc ca cc loi hp cht v c ,hoc gii thch c nhng hin tng ho hc n gin xy ra trong i sng ,sn xut -Bit cch s dng s ,biu bng trong qu trnh hc tp -Bit cch vit cc PTHH biu din s bin i ho hc ,kh nng din t mt ni dung h/ hc II/Chun b : Cc s v s phn loi cc hp cht v c v tnh cht ho hc ca cc loi hp cht v c III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1.n nh : 2.Bi c :(c kim tra trong bi mi ) 3.Bi mi : Hot ng 1 I/Kin thc cn nh Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Phn loi cc hp cht v c -GV nu cc cu hi : -HStr li Cc hp cht v c -Cc hp cht v c c chia -4 loi ln thnh bao nhiu loi ln ?(GV Oxit axit baz mui in vo s ) -2 loi Oxit oxit axit axit baz baz mui mui -Mi loi hp cht v c c Baz axit c oxi khng tan khng axit trung chia nh th no ?(GV in vo C oxi tan ho s ) -HS cho -GV yu cu HS cho v d v vd 2/Tnh cht ho hc ca cc loi hp cht v c mi cht -HS tho -GV yu cu HS hot ng lun nhm OXIT BAZ OXIT AXIT theo nhm -HS tm tt tchh MUI -GV treo s v tnh cht ho hc ca cc loi hp cht -HS vit BAZ AXIT v c PTHH -GV yu cu hs vit PTHH -Nhm minh ho cho mi quan h khc t -Gvyu cu cc nhm khc cu hi theo di, t cu hi -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 2:II/Bi tp (vn dng ) Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Ni dung phiu hc tp : -GV pht phiu hc tp vi cc -HS lm vic theo nhm, A.Chn cht thch hp in vo s cu hi v bi tp cho sn dng hon thnh phiu hc tp , phn ng sau trc nghim khch quan . c i din trnh by Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 40
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GV yu cu tng nhm 1 ,mi 1/Na2O+..... NaOH nhm trnh by 1 bi tp 2/Na2O +.... NaCl + H2O -GV yu cu cc nhm khc nhn -i din nhm khc b 3/CO2+ .... Na2CO3 + H2O xt b sung sung nhn xt 4/ SO3 +.... H2SO4 -GV b sung v kt lun tng bi 5/ NaOH +... NaCl + H2O tp (GV da vo s hng 6/ NaOH +.... Na2SO3 + H2O dn bi tp A) 7/NaOH + .... Na2SO4 +Cu(OH)2 8/ Fe(OH)3 .... + H2O 9/ Na2CO3 + ... NaCl+CO2+H2O 10/ NaCl + .... .... + NaNO3 -GV hng dn HS lm bi tp -HS vit PTHH v tm cht B.Trn 1 dung dch c cha 0,1 mol B :GV yu cu HS vit PTHH v cn tha tm n Cu(OH)2 CuSO4 v 1 dung dch cha 0,3 mol d on cht d tha tnh n NaOH ,lc kt ta ra sch ,ri nung cht khng tan n khi lng khng i ,cn nng -GV hng dn HS phn ng -HS vit phn ng nhit m gam .Ga tr ca m l : nhit phn Cu(OH)2 phn Cu(OH)2 .T d a. 8,0 , b. 6,0 , c . 4,0 , d. 12 on trng hp no (a) Cu(OH)2 CuO + H2O T s mol Cu(OH)2 s mol CuO Khi lng CuO C.Nung nng a gam mt mu vi -HS vit PTHH v tnh ton -GVhng dn HS gii bi tp C cha 20% tp cht ,khng b phn GV yu cu HS vit phn ng theo yu cu ca GV hu cho n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ,th thu c 11,2 lt kh nhit phn CaCO3 tnh s mol CO2 s mol CaCO3 khi CO2(ktc). Ga tr ca a l : lng CaCO3 tnh a (d) a.72,5 b.82,5 c .52,5 d. 62,5 4/Tng kt : GV nn tng kt tng phn qua cc hot ng ca bi hc 5/Dn d :HS v nh lm bi tp cn li sgk . n tp tnh cht ho hc ca baz ,NaOH, Ca(OH)2. Tnh cht ho hc ca mui ,NaCl, KNO3. chun b cho tit sau thc hnh -Nghin cu bi 14 sgk, k bng tng trnh, mc tiu, cch tin hnh tn, d on hin tng, nu nhng im can ch
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son 13/10/10 Tun 10 ,tit 19 Bi 14 THC HNH TNH CHT HO HC CA BAZ V MUI I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bt c: Mc ch cc bc tin hnh, k thut thc hin cc th nghim -Baz tc dng vi dd axit, vi dd mui -Dd mui tc dng vi kim loi., vi dd mui khc v vi axit 2/K nng: -Tip tc rn luyn mt s k nng thc hnh s dng dng c v ho cht tin hnh an ton thnh cng 5 th nghim trn . -Quan st, m t, gii thch hin tng th nghim v vit c cc pthh -Vit tng trnh th nghim. :3/Thi : -Gio dc tnh cn th, tit kim .. trong hc tp v thc hnh ho hc II/Chun b: 1.Dng c:ng nghim ,a khuy ,gi ng nghim ,kp ng nghim ,ng nh git ,giy rp . 2.Ho cht: Dung dch NaOH ,dd Na2SO4, dd CuSO4, dd HCl , dd BaCl2, dd phenolphtalein , inh st (hoc dy thp nh ) 3.Hc sinh n tp :-Tnh cht ho hc ca baz , tnh cht ca NaOH , Ca(OH)2. -Tnh cht ho hc ca mui ,tnh cht ca NaCl,KNO3 III/Tin trnh dy hc: 1.n nh: 2/Bi c: 3.Bi mi: Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh 1/GV yu cu hs bo co vic chun b bi thc -i din nhm hc sinh bo co: hnh nh Mc tiu bi thc hnh:rn luyn cc k nng thao tc tn, quan st hin tng, gii thch v rt ra kt lun v tnh cht ho hc ca baz v mui -Cch tin hnh 3 tn nh ni dung sgk -Lu : Lm TN vi cc dd HCl, H2SO4, NaOH phi cn thn ,khng ho cht dy vo ngi ,vo qun o Khi gn ng nghim gi li phn kt ta Cu(OH)2 phi lm cn thn ,gn nh gi li phn kt ta Cu(OH)2 Dng giy rp nh tht sch mt ci inh st ,cn thn v inh st c th lm sc da tay -Nhm hs khc lng nghe v b sung hon thin -GV nhn xt nh gi hon thin -Nhm hs thc hin tn ng lot -Ch gv cn hng dn hs cc thao tc ca tng 1.TN1: Natri hiroxit tc dng vi mui (FeCl3) th nghim nh: 2.TN2:ng (II) hiroxit tc dng vi axit + Rt cht lng vo ng nghim . 3.TN3: ng (II) sunfat tc dng vi kim loi + Nh cht lng vo ng nghim bng cng t ht 4. TN4: Bari clorua tc dng vi mui +Th inh st vo ng nghim. 5.TN5: Bari clorua tc dng vi axit Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 42
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ Lc ng nghim. + Th mt lng nh cht rn vo ng nghim. -GV hng dn hs quan st hin tng xy ra v -Nhm hs m t, nhm trng tng kt, th k ghi nhn xt. chp 2/GV yu cu cc nhm tin hnh tn theo cc bc TN1: Natri hiroxit tc dng vi mui (FeCl3) nh ni dung sgk To ra kt ta mu nu Fe(OH)3 -GV ti cc nhm quan st nhn xt v hng dn NaOH + FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 + NaCl iu chnh kp thi cch tin hnh hoc hot ng Kt lun: dd baz td vi dd mui to ra mui mi ca nhm (nu cn ) v baz mi Ch : Gv cn iu ch Cu(OH)2 trc khi thc TN2: ng (II) hiroxit tc dng vi axit (HCl) hnh Nh dd HCl vo kt ta xanh l Cu(OH)2 tan ra to 3/GV yu cu hs ghi chp kt qu TN: thnh dd trong sut mu xanh lam do p Cu(OH)2 + 2HCl CuCl2 + 2H2O Kt lun: Baz td vi axit to ra mui mi v baz mi TN3: ng (II) sunfat tc dng vi kim loi (Fe) Mu ca ng bm vo cy inh st, mu xanh lam ca dd CuSO4 nht dn v c p CuSO4 + Fe FeSO4 + Cu TN4: Bari clorua tc dng vi mui (Na2SO4) Xut hin kt ta trng v c p BaCl2 + Na2SO4 BaSO4 + NaCl TN5: Bari clorua tc dng vi axit (H2SO4) Xut hin kt ta trng v c p BaCl2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + 2HCl Kt lun: tnh cht ho hc ca mui 4/GV yu cu mi hs ghi kt qu vo tng trnh -Mi hs vit tng trnh ngay sau bui thc hnh TN theo mu hoc v nh gm cc ni dung : TN, hin tng, gii thch v vit pthh 5/Gv yu cu cc nhm hs v sinh -Nhm hs phn cng : 6/Gv nhn xt nh gi tit thc hnh v thao tc, Thu gom ho cht d sau TN v ra dng c TN chun b, an ton, k lut, v sinh lau bn sch s dng c ng ni quy nh IV/Tng kt nh gi: - GV dng phiu hc tp cng c (HS lm theo nhm hoc tr li c nhn tu theo thi gian) -Ni dung bi tp (Ghi vo phiu bi tp) 1/C mt hn hp kh CO v CO2 c th dn hn hp kh qua cht no sau y tch c CO ra khi hn hp :A. H2O B.Nc vi trong C.dd HCl D.dd NaCl 2/C 3 l khng ghi nhn mi l dng mt trong nhng cht rn: KCl, BaCl2, Na2CO3. Hy chn mt thuc th c th nhn bit c c 3 cht trn. Gii thch, vit phng trnh ho hc. 3/C 3 l khng ghi nhn mt l ng 1 trong cc dd sau: NaOH, Ba(OH) 2, Na2CO3. Hy chn mt thuc th nhn bit c 3 cht trn. Vit phng trnh ho hc. V/Dn d: Xem k ni dung chng mt tit sau kim tra mt tit, hon thnh cc bi tp trong SGK, ch ton hn hp 2 ptp
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Ngy son:20/10/10 CHNG II: KIM LOI Tun 11, tit 21 TNH CHT VT L CHUNG CA KIM LOI I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c - Mt s tnh cht vt l ca kim loi - Mt s ng dng ca kim loi trong i sng sn xut c lin quan n tnh cht vt l ca kL 2/K nng -:Bit tin hnh lm cc th nghim n gin, quan st, m t hin tng th nghim v rt ra kt lun II/Chun b:-HS su tm mt s vt c lm t cc kim loi -HS chun b 1 on dy nhm, dy ng di khong 20cm, mu than g( HS lm th nghim nh) GV hng dn tit 20. Dng ba p mnh mt on dy nhm, dy ng, mu than. Ghi hin tng theo mu phiu hc tp pht cho tng nhm HS (Ch phn ch in nghin l ni dung khng c trong phiu hc tp) Trc khi dng ba p Sau khi dng ba p -Dy nhm (c hnh dng) B bp(dt mng) -Dy ng (c hnh dng) B bp (dt mng) -Mu than (c hnh dng) V vn ra Nhn xt v gii thch: Nhm, ng c tnh do nn ch bp. Than khng c tnh do nn v vn -GV chun b cho cc nhm HS lm TN ti lp:1 on dy thp di khong 20cm, n cn, dim, phiu hc tp III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh : 2/Gii thiu bi: GV nu mc tiu ca bi hc, gii thiu mt s vt dng bng kim loi -Kim loi ng vai tr quan trng trong cuc sng ca chng ta, vy kim loi c nhng tnh cht vt l v c nhng ng dng g trong i sng sn xut. Bi hc hm nay s tr li cu hi 3/Cc hot ng dy v hc : Hot ng 1: I/Tnh do Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Kim loi c tnh do nn kim -GV ngh HS (hoc nhm -HS trnh by phiu hc tp (ni loi c rn, ko si, dt mng, HS)trnh by ni dung phiu hc dung phiu hc tp phn chun to nn cc vt khc nhau tp, ghi kt qu TN c tin b) hnh nh -GV gi ci cuc, xng, -HS tr li (st, nhm.. ). C tnh xoong, ...c lm t vt liu do ... no? Da vo tnh cht vt l no ngi ta li lm ra c cc dng c vi cc hnh dng khc nhau -Ti sao ngi ta dt mng c l vng thnh cc trang sc khc nhau, l ng thnh y dn in ... Hot ng2:II/ Tnh dn in Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 44
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kim loi c tnh dn in -GV yu cu HS quan st hin -HS quan st on dy ni t Kim loi khc nhau cng c tng khi bt cng tc in (hoc ngun in n bng n v kh nng dn in khc nhau lm nh sgk) nhn xt (kim loing dn in Ag l kim loi dn in tt nht -Sau khi HS tr li GV nhn xt, t ngun in n bng n nn sau n Cu, Al, Fe b sung v thng bo ngi ta c n sng) - Lm day dn in th thay dy ng bng dy -HS tr li (kim loi c tnh dn nhm, hoc dy st... in) Th bng n vn sng. iu -HS ch lng nghe rt ra nhn xt g ? -GV thng bo kim loi khc -HS tr li (dy ng hoc nhau c kh nng dn in khc nhm) nhau(Ag, Cu, Al, Fe..) -GV ngh HS cho bit trong thc t dy dn in thng c lm bng kim loi no -GV lu HS khi s dng dy in khng dng dy in trn Hot ng 3:III/Tnh dn nhit : Ni dung bi ghi Kim loi c tnh dn nhit Kim loi khc nhau cng c tnh dn nhit khc nhau Dng ch to dng c nu n nh soong,m un.. Gio vin Hc sinh -GV yu cu (nhm) HS lm TN -(Nhm) HS lm TN, rt ra nhn (nh sgk) nu hin tng, rt ra xt(t nng dy thp, nhit nhn xt, lin h thc t truyn t phn ny sang phn khc trong dy kim loi) -GV thng bo nu lm TN vi -HS tr li (kim loi c tnh dn dy ng ,nhm ..cng thy hin nhit) tng nh vy, yu cu HS nhn xt -GV yu cu nu mt s hin -HS tr li (dng c nu nng, tng thc t i sng chng t un nc) kim loi c tnh dn nhit -Cc dng c phi c cu to nh -HS suy ngh tr li (ngi ta th no trnh bng ? lm thm phn g hoc nha) -GV thng bo kim loi khc -HS ch lng nghe v tr li nhau c kh nng dn nhit khc cu hi (Ag, Cu, Al, Fe) nhau, kim loi dn in tt thng dn nhit tt. ngh HS sp xp cckim loi sau Fe, Cu, Al, Ag. Theo chiu kh nng dn nhit gim dn Gio vin Hc sinh -GV yu cu HS quan st v -HS quan st ,nhn xt (v sng sng b mt ca cc vt trang lp lnh c gi l nh kim) sc bng bc, vng ...v rt ra nhn xt -GV b sung v kt lun 45
Hot ng 4:IV/ nh kim Ni dung bi ghi Kim loi c nh kim Lm trang sc
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4/Cng c:GV cht li kin thc cn nh v yu cu HS nu nhng vn cn nh sau khi hc bi 5/Dn d: V nh hc bi c, c phn em c bit .GV hng dn HS lm bi tp trong sgk 1.Do, ko si, rn, dt mng. 2.a 4 ; b 6 ;c 3 v 2 ; d 5 ; e 1. 3/ng v bc 4/ .mAl= 27g/cm3, tac 1 mol Al= 27g 1cm3 x= 10cm3 5/ .Fe, Al, Cu. ; Fe, Al, Ni -Nghin cu bi mi: Tm hiu tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi Ngy son 21/10/10 Tun 11, tit 22. Bi 16: TNH CHT HO HC CA KIM LOI I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: -HS bit c tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi ni chung. Tc dng ca kim loi vi phi kim, vi dd axt, vi dd mui 2/K nng: -Bit rt ra tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi bng cch: Quan st hin tng th nghim c th rt ra c tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi -Vit cc PTHH biu din tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi -Tnh khi lng ca kim loi trong phn ng, tnh thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca hn hp hai kim loi. II/ Chun b: 1. Dng c:Khay, chi ,ng nghim,n cn, dim.. 2.Ho cht: DD CuSO4, inh st mi, kim loi Na, dd HCl c, MnO2 rn , dy Cu(hoc Cu mnh) 3. Thit b:Phiu giao vic cho nhm hc sinh thc hin Ni dung cc phiu hc tp: Phiu hc tp s 1 Hy nu 2 v d v phn ng ca kim loi tc dng vi dd mui m cc em bit chng I, nu hin tng,vit PTHH v rt ra nhn xt v kh nng hot ng ho hc ca kim loi theo mu sau: Tn th nghim Hin tng PTHH - Nhn xt Phiu hc tp s 2 Thc hin TN tc dng ca Zn vi dd CuSO4 Cch lm Hin tng Vit PTHH v nhn xt -Cho 1 dy km vo ng nghim ng dd CuSO4 III/Tin trnh bi ging: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: (GV c th kim tra vic lm bi tp nh ca HS) 3.Bi mi: Gii thiu bi:GV nu mc tiu ca bi hc hoc GV nu :Chng ta bit kim loi chim ti 80% trong tng s cc nguyn t ho hc v c nhiu ng dng trong i sng sn xut. s dng kim loi c hiu qu cn phi hiu tnh cht ho hc ca n. Vy kim loi c nhng tnh cht ho hc chung no. Chng ta nghin cu bi Tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi 4. Cc hot ng dy v hc: GV yu cu HS nhc li mt s tnh cht ho hc chung ca kim loi. HS da vo kin thc hc chng I tr li cu hi. GV b sung,kt lun v i vo tng hot ng Hot ng 1:I/Phn ng ca kim loi vi phi kim Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 46
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.Tc dng vi oxi: -GV yu cu HS quan st hnh -HS quan st hnh 23 v m t 23 m t hin tng th nghim hin tng (chy sng) Fe (r) + O2(k) Fe3O4(r) khi t st trong oxi v vit (trng xm)(khng mu) (en) -Nhiu kim loi khc nh Al, Zn, PTHH Cu ...phn ng vi oxit to -GV yu cu HS nu mt s -HS tr li(Al, Zn, Cu..phn ng thanh cc oxt Al2O3, ZnO, phn ng khc m em bit, t vi oxi) rt ra nhn xt tc dng cu kim HS nhn xt CuO... loi vi oxi -GV b sung v kt lun 2. Tc dng vi phi kim khc: -GV nu vn kim loi phn -HS quan st m t hin tng 2Na(r) + Cl2(k) 2NaCl(r) ng vi cc phi kim khc nh th (khi trng) vng lc trng -Hu ht kim loi(tr Ag, Au, no hy quan st TN Na vi clo Pt...) phn ng vi oxi nhit (GV da vo TN sgk v hng thng hoc nhit cao to thnh dn HS gii thch v vit pthh) -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH ca oxt(thng l oxt baz), nhit cao kim loi phn ng kim loi vi cc phi kim khc vi nhiu phi kim khc to thnh -GV yu cu HS nhn xt v tc dng ca kim loi vi phi kim mui khc -HS vit PTHH: Cu+ S -GV lu HS iu kin ca phn Mg+ S ng( nhit cao) -HS tr li(phi kim+ kim loi mui) Hot ng2:II/ Phn ng ca kim loi vi dd axt Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Zn(r)+2HCl(dd)ZnCl2(dd) + H2 (k) -GV yu cu HS nu li TN iu -HS nh li(ho hc lp 8) ch H2 trong phng TN. Nu nu hin tng v vit PTHH -Mt s kim loi phn ng vi hin tng v vit PTHH dd axt to thnh mui v gii -GV thng bo thm: Kim loi phong kh H2 tc dng vi H2SO4 c nng, HNO3 khng gii phng kh H2 -GV yu cu HS nhn xt v kt -HS nhn xt v kt lun lun Hot ng 4:III/Phn ng ca kim loi vi dd mui Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1. Phn ng ca ng vi dd -GV pht phiu hc tp s 1 cho -HS nhn phiu hc tp s 1 AgNO3 HS (nhm HS) Cu(r)+2AgNO (dd) Cu(NO ) (dd) +2Ag(r) -GV yu cu HS lm vic theo -HS lm vic theo nhm, i din -ng y bc ra khi dd nhm nhm ghi kt qu tho lun vo mui, ta ni ng hot ng ho -GV thu phiu hc tp, gi i phiu hc tp hc mnh hn bc din nhm tr li -GV b sung v ghi mc III ln 2.Phn ng ca km vi dd bng CuSO4 -GV yu cu HS lm vic theo -HS thc hnh TN theo nhm Zn(r)+CuSO (dd) ZnSO (dd) + Cu(r) nhm tc dng ca Zn +CuSO4 -Km hot ng ho hc mnh -GV pht phiu hc tp s 2 -HS nhn phiu hc tp s 2 hn ng -GV ngh i din cc nhm -i din nhm bo co kt qu, 47 Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An
3 3 2 4 4
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------* Kim loi hot ng ho hc bo co kt qu rt ra nhn xt (km hot ng mnh hn(tr Na, K, Ca..) c th -GV b sung v kt lun ho hc mnh hn ng ) y kim loi hot ng ho hc -GV yu cu HS vit PTHHca 1 -HS vit PTHH yu hn ra khi dd mui, to s kim loi khc vi dd mui va Mg + CuSO4 thnh kim loi mi v mui mi nhn xt v kh nng hot ng Al + Cu(NO3)2 ho hc ca cc kim loi Zn + AgNO3 ny(Mg, Al, Zn.) -T cc v d v TN trn GV -HS tr li (v hot ng ca yu cu HS rt ra kt lun g v cc kim loi) tnh cht ca kim loi vi dd mui -GV b sung v kt lun Ch :Tr Na, K, Ca...V phn ng vi nc baz tanphn ng vi mui... 5. Tng kt bi hc vbi tp vn dng: -GV yu cu HS nm vng cc kin thc c bn v tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi(gm 3 tnh cht) -GV treo bng ph c ghi ni dung bi tp Hon thnh cc PTHH Na + O2 ; Fe + S ; Fe + H2SO4 Mg + HCl ;Al + CuSO4 ; Fe +CuSO4 6.Dn d: Hc bi c v lm bi tp sgk -GV hng dn HS lm bi tp s 2 V d: ? + HCl MgCl2 +H2 GV yu cu HS ch sn phm to thnh in nguyn t cn li -Nghin cu bi mi: Tm hiu dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi v ngha ca dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi
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Ngy son:24/10/10 Tun 12, tit 23 Bi 17 DY HOT NG HO HC CA KIM LOI I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Hs bit -Bit dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi K, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb, H, Cu, Ag, Au. -Bit c ngha ca dy hot ng ca kim loi 2/K nng: -Bc u vn dng ngha dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi d on kt qu phn ng ca kim loi c th vi dd axit, vi nc v vi dd mui. -Tnh khi lng ca kim loi trong phn ng, thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca hn hp 2 KL II/Chun b: -Dng c: Mi b th nghim cho nhm hc sinh gm:Ga ng nghim,4 ng nghim -Ho cht: inh st 4 chic, 4 dy ng, dd FeSO4, HCl.(chun b 6 b) - Dng c ho cht GV lm TN biu din:dd AgNO3,CuSO4, inh st , mu Cu, dd HCl, Na, dd phenolphtalein khng mu. ng nghim,cc thu tinh, phiu hc tp *Ni dung cc phiu hc tp: Phiu hc tp s 1 (ghi bng ph) Tn th nghim Cch lm Hin tng Gii thch (vit PTHH) TN1: -Cho inh st vong nghim1 ng Fe+ CuSO4 dd CuSO4 Cu+ FeSO4 -Cho dy ng vo ng nghim 2 ng dd FeSO4 TN2: -Cho mu dy ngvo ng Cu+ AgNO3 nghim1ng dd AgNO3 Ag+ CuSO4 -Cho mu dy bc vo ng nghim 2 ng dd CuSO4 TN3 -Cho inh st v l ng nh vo 2 Fe+ HCl ng nghim(1) v (2)ng dd HCl Cu+ HCl TN4: -Cho mu Na v inh st vo 2 cc Na+ H2O (1) v (2) ring bit ng nc ct c Fe+ H2O thm vi git dd phenolphtalein Phiu hc tp s 2 ( ghi bng ph) c thng tin trong sgk v t dy hot ng ho hc kim loi cho bit : 1/Chiu bin i mc hot ng ho hc ca kim loi c sp xp nh th no? 2/Kim loi v tr no phn ng c vi nc nhit thng? 3/Kim loi v tr no phn ng c vi axt gii phng kh H2 4/Kim loi v tr no y c kim loi ng sau ra khi dd mui III/Tin trnh bi ging: 1/n nh : 2/Bi c : 3/Bi mi: Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 49
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gii thiu bi :Mc hot ng ho hc khc nhau ca cc kim loi c th hin nh th no ? C th d on c phn ng ca kim loi vi cht khc hay khng?Dy hot ng ho hc kimloi s gip em tr li cu hi Hot ng1: I/Dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi c xy dng nh th no? Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -TN1: -GV pht phiu hc tp s 1 cho -HS tin hnh TN theo nhm cc nhmv hng dn HS lm -HS theo di quan st v c i Fe+CuSO4FeSO4 + Cu TN1 (hoc yu cu hs c ni din nhm tr li cu hi Cu+FeSO4 Ta xp st ng trc ng:Fe, dung bng ph gv tin hnh tn (Hin tng ng 1c cht rn yu cu hs quan st nhn xt ) mu bm ngoi inh st, ng Cu -GV hng dn HS quan st hin 2 khng c hin tng ) tng , gii thch v vit PTHH -GV yu cu nhm khc b sung -GV yu cu HS nhn xt hot ng ho hc ca Cu v Fe -GV hi: Theo chiu gim dn v -HS nhn xt(Fe hot ng ho hot ng th ta sp xp Cu v hc mnh hn Cu) Fe nh th no? -HS tr li:(Fe, Cu) -GV b sung v kt lun -GV lm TN 2 v hng dn HS quan st hin tng , gii thch , nhn xt v vit PTHH -HS quan st GV biu din TN -TN2: v tr li cu hi(Hin tng: Cu+2AgNO3Cu(NO3)2+ 2Ag ng 1 c cht rn mu xm bm Ag+CuSO4 vo dy ng .ng 2 khng c -ng hot ng ho hc mnh hin tng g .Nhn xt: ng hn bc -Ta xp ng ng trc bc Cu -T 2 TN trn GV yu cu HS rt y c bc ra khi dd mui) ra kt lun -HS rt ra kt lun -GV hng dn HS lm TN theo nhm :cho inh st +HCl(ng1). -HS tin hnh TN theo nhm (HS TN 3: Cho mu Cu+HCl(ng 2)( hoc da vo ni dung phiu hc tp Fe(r)+2HCl(dd)FeCl2(dd)+H2 (k) gv lm tn ) s 1) v ghi kt qu vo phiu Cu+ HCl -GV hng dn HS quan st hin hc tp Ta xp st ng trc H2,ng tng, nhn xt, vit PTHH - ng 1 c nhiu bt kh thot ng sau H2 (Fe, H, Cu) -GV yu cu i din nhm tr ra. ng 2 khng c hin tng li g -GV b sung v kt lun -Nhn xt: st y c H2 ra khi dd axt. ng khng y .. -GV lm TN v yu cu HS quan st hin tng nhn xt v vit -HS quan st theo di GV lm th -TN4: PTHH nghim v tr li cu hi 2Na+2H2O2NaOH+ H2 cc 1 Na nng chy thnh git Fe+ H2O trn chy trn mt nc , tan dn -Natri hot ng ho hc mnh -GV hi v sao cc 1 c hin dd c mu hn st ta xp Na ng trc tng nh vy -HS tr li:Na+H2O... st:Na, Fe. -GV yu cu HS kt lun v Kt lun: 50 Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------K, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb, H, hot ng ca Na so vi Fe -HS tr li Cu, Ag, Au. -GV b sung v kt lun -GV t cu hi cn c vo kt qu th nghim 1,2,3,4. Ta sp -HS tho lun nhm rt ra xp cc kim loi theo th t nh cch sp xp (Na,Fe, H,Cu,Ag) th no ? -i din cc nhm khc nhn -GV b sung v kt lun xt. -GV thng bo dy hot ng ho hc ca mt s kim loi nh sgk -HS nhn lng thng tin Hot ng2 :II/Dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi c ngha nh th no? Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Dy hot ng ho hc ca -GV pht phiu hc tp s -HS nhn phiu hc tp v tho kim loi cho bit : 2(hoc ghi bng ph), yu cu lun nhm , ri ghi kt qu vo -Mc hot ng ho hc ca HS tho lun nhm , ghi kt qu phiu hc tp cc kim loi gim dn t tri vo phiu hc tp (hoc tr li c Mc hot ng ho hc gim sang phi nhn) dn -Kim loi ng trc Mg phn -GV c tng cu hi c trong Kim loi phn ng vi H2O ng vi nc iu kin thng ni dung phiu hc tp nhit thng (Na, K) to thnh kim v gii phng kh -GV b sung v kt lun Kim loi tc dng vi axt gii H2 phng kh H2(T Pb tr v trc) Kim loi ng trc H phn ng Kim loi ng trc y c vi mt s dd axt (HCl, kim loi ng sau ... H2SO4...) gii phng khH2 -HS tho lun nhm v c i -Kim loi ng trc (tr Na, din nhm tr li cu hi K..) y kim loi ng sau ra khi dd mui ) -GV yu cu HS tho lun nhm v rt ra kt lun v ngha ca dy hot ng ho hc kimloi -GV b sung v kt lun 4/Tng kt bi hc -Bi tp vn dng -GV yu cu HS nu dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi v cho bit ngha ca dy hot ng ho hc -Bi tp vn dng :(GV hng dn HS lm bi tp sgk) 1/ cu c ng . 2/ b Zn (Zn+ CuSO4 ZnSO4+ Cu) . 3/Cu + dd mui sunft ca kim loi km hot ng hn . Cu CuO CuSO4 5/Dn d: Hc bi c -V nh lm cc bi tp cn li trong sgk 4,5. -Nghin cu bi mi:Tm hiu v tnh cht vt l, tnh cht ho hc, ng dng ca nhm
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Ngy son:06/11/10 Tun 12, tit 24 Bi 18 NHM, k hiu: Al, NTK: 27 I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: -Bit tnh cht vt l ca nhm : nh, do, dn in, dn nhit tt -Bit tnh cht ho hc ca nhm: Nhm c tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi ni chung. Ngoi ra nhm cn c p vi dd kim gii phng kh H2 ,nhm khng phn ng HNO3 c ngui v H2SO4 c ngui -Phng php sn xut nhm bng cch in phn nhm oxit nng chy. 2/K nng: -Bit d on tnh cht ho hc ca nhm, t tnh cht ca kim loi ni chung v cc kin thc bit, -D on nhm c phn ng vi dd kim khng v davo TN kim tra d on -Vit c cc PTHH biu din tnh cht ho hc ca nhm(tr phn ng vi kim) -Tnh thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca hn hp bt nhm v st. tnh khi lng nhm tham gia phn ng hoc sn xut c theo hiu sut phn ng. II/Chun b: -ng nghim 34 ci, n cn ,dim, ba giy, tranh, s in phn oxt nng ch, phiu hc tp. -Ho cht:dd CuCl2, dd AgNO3, NaOH c, dy nhm, dd H2SO4 long, bt nhm, dd HCl III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh : 2/Bi c: -Nu ngha, v trnh by dy hot ng ho hc ca mt s kim loi 3/Bi mi: -Gii thiu bi: GV nu mc tiu bi hc:Cc em bit tnh cht ca kim loi. Hy tm hiu tnh cht ca mt kim loi c th c nhiu ng dng trong i sng, sn xut, l nhm. Nhm c tnh cht vt l v ho hc no? -cc em hy d on v nu nhng tnh cht em bit v nhm -Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1: I/Tnh cht vt l Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Mu trng bc , c nh kim, -GV yu cu HS tr li cu hi -HS tr li cu hi (dn nhit nh(D= 2,7g/cm3), dn in,dn v nhng tnh cht vt l m HS dng c nu nng. Nh v nhit tt, nng chy 6600C bit. V d :Nu mt s tnh my bay...) ,do.. cht vt l ca nhm m em bit. Ti sao em bit c iu ? -GV thng bo thm mt s thng tin nh : khi lng ring, dn in, nhit nng chy. -GV yu cu HS tm tt li tnh cht vt l ca nhm Hot ng 2: II/Tnh cht ho hc: Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 52
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1. Nhm c nhng tnh cht ho GV yu cu HS nhc li nhng -HS tr li (vi phi kim, axt, hc ca kim loi khng tnh cht ho hc chung ca kim mui) a.Phn ng ca nhm vi phi loi -HS khc b sung, nhn xt kim -GV t vn nhm l kim loi -HS nu cc d on v tnh cht ...Cc em hy d on tnh cht ho hc ca nhm ho hc ca nhm -GV ngh ln lt nghin cu cc TN chng minh cc d on trn * Phn ng ca nhm vi oxi -GV lm TN nhm tc dng vi -HS nhn xt hin tng, vit oxi PTHH 4Al(r) + 3O2((k) 2Al2O3(r) -GV b sung thng tin v lp -HS nhn lng thng tin trng khng mu trng Al2O3 mng, bn trong khng kh Al2O3 mng bn vng, bo v *Phn ng ca nhm vi phi kim nhm -GV thng bo : Vi cc phi kim -HS nhn lng thng tin v vit khc khc S,Cl2 to thnh mui PTHH , nhn xt, kt lun 2Al(r)+3Cl2 (k) 2AlCl3(r) Al2S3, AlCl3... Yu cu HS vit trng vng lc trng Nhm phn ng vi oxi to PTHH v rt ra nhn xt thnh oxt v phn ng vi nhiu phi kim khc nh S,Cl.. To thnh mui b.Phn ng ca nhm vi dd axt -GV yu cu HS d on tnh -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV 2Al(r)+6HCl(dd)2AlCl3(dd) +3H2(k) -Nhm phn ng vi mt s axt cht ho hc ca nhm vi HCl, to thnh mui v H2 H2SO4 v vit PTHH c.Phn ng ca nhm vi dd -GV b sung v kt lun mui 2Al(r)+3CuCl2(dd)2AlCl3(dd) +3Cu(r) -GV lm TN nhm phn ng vi -Nhm phn ng c vi nhiu dd CuCl2 v yu cu HS quan st -HS quan st TN rt ra nhn xt dd mui ca nhng kim loi hot hin tng nhn xt v rt ra kt v kt lun (rn mu n ng ho hc yu hn to ra lun hm) mui nhm v kim loi mi -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH -HS vit PTHH -Kt lun :Nhm c nhng tnh -GV yu cu HS cho bit Al cn -HS tr li (AgNO3, FeCl2 ) cht ho hc ca kim loi c th phn ng vi dd mui 2/Nhm c nhng tnh cht ho no? hc no khc ? -GV nhn xt b sung v kt Nhm c phn ng vi dd kim lun -GV thng bo ngoi nhng tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi, liu -HS tr li nhm c phn ng vi dd kim khng tin hnh TN -GV lu vi HS khi s dng -HS quan st hin tng, nhn cc vt bng nhm khng xt v kt lun ng dd kim hoc dd nc vi. Hot ng 3:III/ng dng: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 53
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- dng gia nh, dy dn in -GV yu cu HS k mt s ng -HS tr li ( dng gia nh , Vt liu xy dng, t , tu v dng ca nhm trong i sng dy dn in ..) tr ... sn xut -GV cht li kin thc cn nh Hot ng 4 IV/ Sn xut nhm Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Nguyn liu sn xut nhm GV yu cu HS nghin cu sgk -HS quan st hnh v v tr li l qung bxt (Al2O3) v tr li cu hi (GV treo tranh) cu hi pnc -Nguyn liu sn xut nhm 2Al2O3---> 4Al + 3O2 l g ? -Nguynliu :Al2O3 criolit - nc ta qung bxt c u? -Phng php no c dng -HS tr li sn xut nhm , c th dng CO, C, H2. kh Al2O3 c khng -HS tr li . Vit PTHH v ghi r iu kin phn ng -GV b sung v kt lun 5/Tng kt bi hc -Bi tp vn dng : -GV yu cu hc sinh c phn ghi nh -GV tng kt bi hc nh sgk -GV hng dn HS lm bi tp 2,3 BT2 : a. khng c hin tng g . b . Cht rn mu bm trn dy nhm c. Xm d. Kh khng mu bay ra GV hng dn HS vit PTHH 3/ Khng v nc vi c tnh kim Ca(OH)2 + Al 6/Dn d: -Hc bi c, lm cc bi tp cn li. -Nghin cu bi mi: St, so snh tnh cht vt l v tnh cht ho ca st v nhm.
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son: 07/11/10 Tun 13, tit 25 Bi 19 ST , k hiu: Fe, NTK: 56 I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: -Bit tnh cht vt l ca st -Bit tnh cht ho hc ca st: St c tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi ni chung: st tc dng vi phi kim, dd axit (tr HNO3 c ngui, H2SO4 c ngui ) tc dng vi dd mui ca kim loi km hot ng. -St th hin ho tr II v III trong cc hp cht 2/K nng: -Bit d on tnh cht ho hc ca st, t tnh cht ca kim loi ni chung v cc kin thc bit, --Vit c cc PTHH biu din tnh cht ho hc ca st -Tnh thnh phn phn trm v khi lng ca hn hp bt nhm v st. tnh khi lng st tham gia phn ng hoc sn xut c theo hiu sut phn ng. II/Chun b: -Dy st qun hnh l xo, n cn, kp g. III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh t chc: 2/Kim tra bi c:c tin hnh trong qu trnh ging bi mi 3/Bi mi: -Gii thiu bi:GV nu mc tiu ca bi nh sgk -Cc hot ng dy v hc : Hot ng1:I/ Tnh cht vt l: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Mu trng xm, c nh kim, dn -GV yu cu HS cho bit tnh -HS tr li (dn in, dn nhit tt, do, c tnh nhim t , cht vt l ca st m em bit v nhit ..) l kim loi nng, D= 7,86g/cm3, gii thch ti sao em bit c -HS khc b sung t0nc= 15390C iu -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 2:II/ Tnh cht ho hc: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin -GV yu cu HS nhc li nhng tnh cht ho hc chung ca kim loi ? -Hy suy on st xem st c nhng tnh cht ho hc no? -GV yu cu HS kim tra d on -GV t cu hi: t lp 8 ta bit phn ng ca st vi phi kim no? M t hin tng, vit PTHH -GV lu thm ho tr ca Fe trong Fe3O4 -GV yu cu hs da vo sgk m t TN t st trong kh clo, nu hin tng, gii thch v vit Hc sinh -HS nu tnh cht ca kim loi v suy on tnh cht ho hc ca st
1/Tc dng vi phi kim: a. Tc dng vi oxi: 3Fe(r)+2O2(k) Fe3O4(r)
-HS tr li (Fe + O2)
b. Tc dung vi clo: -2Fe(r)+ 3Cl2(k) 2FeCl3(r) trng xm vng lc nu
-HS tr li cu hi theo yu cu ca gio vin 55
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Kt lun: St tc dng nhiu PTHH vi phi kim to thnh oxt hoc -GV b sung v kt lun mui -GV thng bo thm ngoi ra Fe -HS ch lng nghe v vit cn tc dng vi nhiu phi kim PTHH(Fe+ S FeS) khc nhit cao v yu cu HS vit PTHH ca Fe +S -GV yu cu HS kt lun g v -HS tr li tnh cht ca Fe vi phi kim -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 3:Tc dng vi dd axt: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh GV c th yu cu HS cho v d -HS vit PTHH Fe(r)+2HCl(dd)FeCl2+H2(k) -St tc dng vi dd HCl, H2SO4 vphn ng bit ca st vi Fe + HCl long .., to thnh mui st(II) v dd axt, nu hin tng v vit Fe + H2SO4 gii phng kh H2. St tc dng PTHH vi dd H2SO4 c nng, vi dd -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH ca -HS vit PTHH Fe vi H2SO4 m c un nng Fe + H2SO4( , n) HNO3 khng gii phng kh H2 -GV thng bo thm Fe khng tc dng vi H2SO4 c ngui, -HS nhn lng thng tin HNO3 c ngui nn ngi ta thng dng bnh Fe cha H2SO4 v HNO3 c ngui Hot ng 4:Tc dng vi dd mui: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -St tc dng vi dd mui ca -GV yu cu HS cho v d v -HS cho v d (Fe+ CuSO4..) kim loi km hot ng hn to phn ng bit ca st vi dd St tc dng vi dd mui ca thnh dd mui st v gii phng mui, nu hin tng v vit kim loi km hot ng hn kim loi trong mui PTHH, rt ra nhn xt v phn thng to thnh mui Fe(II) v Fe(r)+ CuSO4(dd) FeSO4(dd) + Cu(r) ng ca st vi mui gii phng kim loi trong mui Kt lun:St c nhng tnh cht -GV yu cu HS rt ra kt lun -HS tr li ho hc ca kim loi v tnh cht ho hc ca Fe -GV yu cu HS tho lun nhm, -HS tho lun nhm, i din rt ra ni dung chnh ca bi hc nhm bo co kt qu, HS nhm cn ghi nh(hoc tr li c nhn) khc b sung -GV nhn xt, hon chnh nhng ni dung cn ghi nh 4/Bi tp vn dng:1. Chn pht biu ng A. Fe l kim loi dn in v dn nhit tt nht trong s tt c cc kim loi B. Fe l kim loi dn nhit v dn in u km C. Fe l kim loi dn in tt nhng dn nhit km D. Fe l kim loi dn in v dn nhit tt nhng km hn Cu v Al 2.Th dy st c h nng vo bnh ng kh clo th sn phm to ra l: A. FeCl3 , B. Fe2O3 , C. FeO , D. FeCl2 3. Hon thnh PTHH di y A. Fe + HCl.... B. Fe + CuCl2 ........ C. Fe + ? FeCl3 D. Fe + O2 ........ 5/Dn d: Hc bi c, lm bi tp sgk, nghin cu bi mi: Hp kim st:Gang, thp, tm hiu quy trnh 56 Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:12/11/10 Tun 13, Tit 26. Bi 20 HP KIM ST: GANG, THP I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit c -Gang l g? Thp l g? Tnh cht v mt s ng dng ca gang, thp. -Nguyn tc, nguyn liu v qu trnh sn xut gang thp trong l cao -Nguyn tc, nguyn liu v qu trnh sn xut thp trong l luyn thp 2/K nng: -Bit c v tm tc cc kin thc t sgk -Bit khai thc thng tin v sn xut gang thp t s l luyn gang v l luyn thp -Vit c cc PTHH chnh xy ra trong qu trnh sn xut gang v qu trnh sn xut thp II/Chun b: -Mt s mu vt gang (mu gang, ci km), s l cao phng to , s l luyn thp phng to, cc phiu hc tp Phiu hc tp s 1 1. Hp kim l g? Hp kim ca st c nhiu ng dng l hp kim no? 2. Gang l g? Thnh phn ca gang? Tnh cht ca gang? C my loi gang? ng dng ca cc loi gang? 3. Thp l g? Thnh phn ca thp? Tnh cht ca thp? ng dng ca thp? Phiu hc tp s 2 Sn xut gang nh th no? 1. Nguyn liu sn xut gang? 2. nguyn tc sn xut gang? 3. Qa trnh sn xut gang trong l cao nh th no? a. Nguyn liu c a vo l nh th no? b. Cc phn ng xy ra trong l? c. Gang c to thnh v ly ra nh th no? d. X c tho ra nh th no? e. Kh to thnh c thot ra u? Phiu hc tp s 3 Sn xut thp nh th no? 1. Nguyn liu sn xut thp ? 2 Nguyn tc sn xut thp? 3. Qa trnh sn xut thp trong l luyn thp? a. Kh no c thi vo l? b. Cc phn ng xy ra nh th no? III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh t chc: 2/Kim tra bi c: a. St c nhng tnh cht ho hc no? Vit cc PTHH minh ho b. GV yu cu 1 HS gii bi tp s 2 sgk trang 60(HS kh hoc gii) 3/Cc hot ng dy v hc: -Gii thiu bi:Trong i sng v trong k thut hp kim ca st l gang, thp c s dng rt rng ri. Th no l gang, thp.?Gang thp c sn xut nh th no?Hm nay cc em s c nghin cu Hot ng1: I/Hp kim ca st Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 57
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hp kim l g?xem sgk trang 61 -GV pht hc tp s 1 cho cc -HS nhn phiu hc tp v tho 1. Gang l g?Xem sgk trang 61 nhm HS nghin cu tho lun nhm 2.Thp l g?xem sgk trang 61 lun(hoc ni dung cu hi c -i din nhm tr li cu hi ghi bng ph ) -GV yu cu i din nhm bo -i din nhm khc b sung co kt qu -GV b sung v kt lun nh sgk Hot ng 2:II. Sn xut gang, thp Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1. Sn xut gang nh th no? -GV yu cu HS quan st s -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV Phn ng to thnh kh CO l luyn gang(hnh 2.16) v (quan st hnh v, c, nghin nghin cu ni dung sgk tr cu sgk, tm tt, tr li cu C(r) + O2(k) CO2(k) li cu hi trong phiu hc tp s hi) C(r) +CO2(k) CO(k) -Nguyn liu:Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Kh CO kh oxt st trong qung 2 (hoc ghi bng ph) -Qua mi cu hi sau khi HS tr -Dng kh CO kh thnh st li GV phi b sung v kt lun -HS da vo s 2.16 nu qu trnh sn xut gang trong l 3CO(k) +Fe2O3(r)3CO2+2Fe cao . -Mt s oxt khc trong qung -Kch thc ca nguyn liu va nh MnO2, SiO2. Cng b kh phi to thnh n cht Mn, Si ... -HS vit cc PTHH xy ra - vi b phn hu to thnh CaO. CaO kt hp vi SiO2 c trong qung to thnh x -GV treo tranh v phng to s CaO(r) + SiO2(r) CaSiO3(r) luyn thp (hnh 2.17) v pht -HS quan st s , tho lun 2. Sn xut thp nh th no? a. Nguyn liu : Gang, st ph phiu hc tp s 3(hoc ghi nhm tr li cc cu hi trong bng ph) , yu cu HS tho lun phiu hc tp liu nhm Nguyn liu:Gang, st ph liu b. Nguyn tc sn xut thp: -Oxi ho mt s kim loi, phi -Sau mi cu tr li ca HS gio Oxi ho mt s kim loi HS vit cc PTHH xy ra kim loi ra khi gang phn vin b sung v kt lun ln cc nguyn t C, Si, Mn.. c. Qa trnh sn xut thp c thc hin trong l cao -Thi kh oxi vo l ng gang nng chy nhit cao FeO + C Fe + CO -Sn phm thu c l thp 4/Tng kt bi hc- Bi tp vn dng: -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh . Nm vng cc khi nim :Hp kim l g? Gang l g? Thp l g?Sn xut gang, thp bng cch no? -GV yu cu HS lm bi tp s 5 sgk di s hng dn ca GV 5/Dn d: -V nh lm cc bi tp cn li trong sgk trang 63. Hc bi c, -Nghin cu bi mi:Tm hiu s n mn kim loi v bin php bo v kim loi khng b n mn .
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:14/11/10 Tun 14, tit 27 Bi 21
S N MN KIM LOI V BO V KIM LOI KHNG B N MN
I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit c: -n mn kim loi l s ph hu kim loi, hp kim, do tc dng ho hc trong mi trng t nhin . -Nguyn nhn lm kim loi b n mn: Do c tc dng vi nhng cht m n tip xc trong mi trng(nc, khng kh, t) -Yu t nh hng n s n mn kim loi:Thnh phn cc cht trong mi trng, nh hng ca nhit . -Bin php bo v vt bng kim loi khi b n mn: Ngn khng cho kim loi tip xc vi mi trng, ch to hp kim t b n mn 2/K nng: -Bit lin h vi cc hin tng trong thc t v s n mn kim loi, nhng yu t nh hng v bo v kim loi khi b n mn -Bit thc hin cc th nghim nghin cu v cc yu t nh hng n s n mn kim loi, t xut bin php bo v kim loi II/Chun b: -Nhm HS:1 inh st g, ming st b g -Lm th nghim theo di ti nh hoc phng th nghim(xem cch lm trong sgk trang 65) inh st trong khng kh kh(ng nghim c lp CaO y y nt kn) inh st ngm trong nc ct(c lp du nhn trn) inh st ngm trong nc c tip xc vi khng kh inh st ngm trong dd mui n -Quan st v theo di trong 1 tun -Chun b phiu hc tp s 1(hoc ghi bng ph) Tn th nghim Hin tng Gii thch Nhn xt iu kin phn ng Th nghim 1 Th nghim 2 Th nghim 3 Th nghim 4 III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1. n nh t chc: 2. Kim tra bi c: a. Th no l hp kim? Th no l gang v thp?Nu thnh phn , tnh cht, ng dng ca gang v thp? b. Hy cho bit nguyn tc sn xut gang v vit cc PTHH c. Hy cho bit nguyn tc luyn gang thnh thp v vit cc PTHH 3. Bi mi: -Gii thiu bi:GV nu mc tiu bi hc (xem sgk trang 64) -Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1: I/Th no l s n mn Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh S phhu kim loi, hp kim do -GV yu cu HS t s quan st -HS tr li( cc chi tit ca xe tc dng ho hc trong mi cc vt xung quanh, k ra cc p, chn song ca s) trng c gi l s n mn vt b g Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 59
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------kim loi -GV yu cu HS nhn xt -HS nhn xt(nhiu vt b g) -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV v -GV yu cu HS dng tay b nhn xt(g st c mu nu , gin ming st g, quan st mu sc xp, d b gy, v vn, khng ca n v nhn xt cn c v sng nh kim na khng cn tnh kim loi -HS nhn lng thng tin v tr -GV thng bo hin tng kim li cu hi loi b g nh trn c gi l s n mn . Vy s n mn l g? Tm nguyn nhn ca s n mn ? Gii thch nguyn nhn gy ra s n mn -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng2: II/ Nhng yu t no nh hng n s n mn kim loi Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1. nh hng ca cc cht trong -GV yu cu nhm HS lm -Cc nhm tho lun v ghi kt mi trng: TN nh ghi kt qu vo phiu qu vo phiu hc tp S n mn kim loi khng xy hc tp (hoc da vo tn ca gv -i din nhm trnh by ra,hoc xy ra nhanh hay chm ghi kt qu) ph thuc vo thnh phn ca mi -GV nhn xt , b sung v kt trng m n tip xc lun 2. nh hng ca nhit : Nhit nh hng n s n -GV cho HS tm v d minh ho -HS nu cc v d:Nh kp st mn kim loi mt thanh st tip xc vi nhit dng gp than, kin kin d b g hn so vi st ni kh ro . -HS nhn xt v kt lun -GV b sung thm v d v yu cu HS rt ra kt lun Hot ng 3: III/Lm th no bo v cc vt bng kim loi khng b n mn Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Ngn khng cho kim loi tip -GV t cu hi:T ni dung -HS tho lun nhm v c i xc vi mi trng(sn, m, bi nghin cu trn v thc t i din tr li(ngn khng cho du m) sng m cc em bit. Hy nu kim loi tip xc vi mi -Ch to hp kim t b n mn mt s bin php bo v kim loi trng, ch to hp kim khng khi b n mn v gii thch b n mn...) -GV b sung v kt lun 4/Tng kt bi hc , bi tp vn dng ; -GV yu cu HS c SGK (phn ghi nh) -GV yu cu HS tr li cu hi 1,2 sgk trang 67. -GV hng dn HS lm bi tp 4,5 sgk trang 67 5/Dn d: -V nh hc bi c v lm cc bi cn li trong sgk trang 67. Nghin cu cc bi tp trong sgk trang 69
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:20/11/10 Tun 14, tit 28 Bi 22 LUYN TP CHNG II: KIM LOI I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS n tp v h thng li -Dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi -Tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi ni chung -Tnh cht ging v khc nhau gia kim loi nhm ,st (trong cc cht nhm ch c ho tr III, st c ho tr II, III. Nhm phn ng vi dd kim to thnh mui v gii phng kh H2) -Thnh phn tnh cht v sn xut gang, thp -Sn xut nhm bng cch in phn hn hp nng chy ca nhm oxt v criolt. 2/K nng: -Bit h thng ho rt ra nhng kin thc c bn ca chng -Bit so snh rt ra tnh cht ging v khc nhau gia nhm v st -Bit vn dng ngha dy hot ng ho hc ca kim loi vit PTHH v xt cc phn ng xy ra hay khng -Vn dng gii cc bi tp ho hc c lin quan II/Chun b: -HS t n tp v lm bi tp nh -GV chun b phiu hc tp HS thc hin ti lp Phiu hc tp s 1 (ghi bng ph) Cu1:Hy khoanh trn ch mt ch ci A hoc B,C, D ng trc cu tr li ng C cc kim loi c sp xp theo chiu gim dn v hot ng ho hc l: 1. Dy gm cc kim loi c sp xp theo chiu gim dn v hot ng ho hc : A. Na, Al, Cu, K, Mg, H ; B. Mg, Na, K, Al, Fe, H, Cu ; C. Na, K, Mg, Al, Fe, Cu, H ; D. K, Na, Mg, Al, Fe, H, Cu ; 2. Dy gm cc kim loi u phn ng vi nc nhit thng : A. Na, Al ; B. K, Na ; C. Al, Cu ; D. Mg, K ; 3. Dy gm cc kim loi u phn ng vi dd CuSO4: A. Na, Al, Cu ; B. Al, Fe, Mg, Cu ; C. Na, Al, Fe, K ; D. K, Mg, Cu, Fe ; 4.Dy gm cc kim loi u tc dng c vi axt HCl: A. Na, Al, Cu, Mg ; B. Zn, Mg, Cu ; C. Na, Fe, Al, K ; D. K, Na, Al, Cu ; Cu2. T cc cu tr li trn cc em t h thng ho nhng kin thc cn nh : a. Lit k cc nguyn t kim loi trong dy hot ng ho hc theo chiu gim dn hot ng ca kim loi b. Nu ngha ca dy hot ng ho hc ca cc kim loi. Vit PTHH minh ho cho mi ngha Phiu hc tp s 2 (ghi bng ph) Gang (thnh phn ) Thp (thnh phn ) Tinh cht Gin, khng rn, khng dt -n hi , do, cng mng c Sn xut -Trong l cao -Trong l luyn thp -Nguyn tc dng CO kh cc -Nguyn tc oxi ho cc nguyn oxt nhit cao t : C, Mn, Si, S, P c trong gang t0 3CO + Fe2O3 3CO2 + 2Fe FeO + C Fe + CO Ch :Phn ch in nghin l ni dung sau khi HS tho lun nhm III/Tin trnh ln lp : Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 61
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1/n nh: 2/Bi c: ( dc kim tra trong phn kin thc cn nh) 3/Bi mi: Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1: Kin thc cn nh Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Tnh cht ho hc ca kim -GV pht phiu hc tp s 1 cho -HS tho lun nhm loi: cc nhm hc sinh tho lun -i din cc nhm tr li cu hi -Dy hot ng ho hc ca kim (hoc yu cu hs c ni dung -Cc nhm khc b sung loi bng ph) K, Na, Mg, Al, Zn, Fe, Pb, (H), -GV hng dn cc nhm tr li Cu, Ag, Au cu hi trong phiu hc tp - Mc hot ng ca kim loi -GV b sung v kt lun (p n gim dn t tri qua phi. cu 1:1) D ; 2)B ; 3) C ; 4) C. -Tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi: -HS tho lun nhm tr li cu Kim loi +phi kim -GV hng dn HS tr li cu 2 hi s 2 v rt ra tnh cht ho hc ca -i din nhm tr li tnh cht 3Fe + 2O2 Fe3O4 kim loi ho hc ca kim loi v vit 2Al + 3Cl2 2AlCl3 -GV b sung v kt lun PTHH Kim loi + nc 2K + 2H2O 2KOH + H2 Kim loi + axt Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 -GV nu cu hi hy so snh tnh -HS tr li ( hoc tho lun Kim loi + mui cht ho hc ca nhm v st nhm ) Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu Ging nhau:Tnh cht ho hc ca 2/ Tnh cht ho hc ca kim -GV nhn xt b sung hon chnh kim loi loi nhm, st c g ging nhau ni dung kin thc v kt lun Khc nhau: Al + kim v khc nhau a.Tnh cht ho hc ging nhau -Nhm st c nhng tnh cht ho hc ca kim loi. -u khng phn ng vi HNO3 c, ngui v H2SO4 c ngui b. Tnh cht ho hc khc nhau: -GV pht phiu hc tp s 2 v -Nhm c phn ng vi kim -Khi to thnh hp cht Al(III), yu cu HS tho lun nhm , ghi kt qu vo phiu hc tp -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV Fe(II) v (III) -GV b sung v kt lun 3/Hp kim ca st:Thnh phn -GV yu cu HS tr li cu hi Th no l s n mn kim loi tnh cht v sn xut gang thp Cc yu t no nh hng n s -HS tr li cc cu hi n mn kim loi L s ph hu ... Cc bin php bo v kim loi Mi trng,nhit 4/S n mn kim loi v bo v khi b n mn l g ? Ngn khng cho kim loi tip xc kim loi khng b n mn vi mi trng , ch to hp kim Hot ng 2: Bi tp vn dng Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 62
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GV yu cu HS gii BT2 -HS c v tm tt bi 2/a. 2Al +3Cl2 2AlCl3 -GV gi HS xc nh PTHH -HS da vo dy hot ng ho b. khng xy ra xy ra v hng dn HS gii hc ca kim loi xc nh c. khng xy ra thch v sao ? -HS tho lun nhm gii bi d. Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu -BT4 phng php nh trn tp (hoc tr li c nhn) 4/a. 4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3 GV gi HS nh li mi lin h -i din nhm tr li Al2O3 + 6HCl2AlCl3 + H2O gia cc hp cbt v c -i din nhm khc b sung AlCl3+3NaOHAl(OH)3+3NaCl -GV yu cu i din nhm tr li -HS ch ghi chp v nh t 2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 + 3H2O GV b sung v kt lun gii pnc -Cu b,c GV hng dn HS v 2Al2O3 4Al + 3O2 nh -HS ch lng nghe v tm tt criolit bi 2Al +6HCl 2AlCl3 +3H2 -GV hng dn HS tm tt bi mA =9,2g ; mmui = 23,4g 5/2A + Cl2 2ACl v vit PTHH Kim loi A ? A(I) 2Ag (2A+ 71)g -HS vit PTHH v da vo 9,2g 23,4g PTHH tm kim loi A t l: 2A/9,2 = (2A + 71)/23,4 -GV hng dn HS tm kim 2A x 23,4 = 9,2(2A + 71) loiA 46,8A = 18,4A + 653,2 28,4A = 653,2 A = 23 Kim loi A l Na 4/Tng kt , dn d:-GV yu cu HS v nh lm cc bi tp cn li trong sgk -Nghin cu bi TH : Tnh cht ho hc ca nhm v st tit sau TH ly im h s 1(15) -GV nhn xt nh gi
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:26/11/10 Tun 15, tit 29 Bi 23: THC HNH TNH CHT HO HC CA NHM V ST I/mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Mc ch, cc bc tin hnh, k thut thc hin cc th nghim: -Nhm tc dng vi oxi. -St tc dng vi lu hunh . -Nhn bit kim loi nhm v st. 2/K nng: -S dng dng c v ho cht tin hnh an ton, thnh cng cc th nghim trn. -Quan st, m t, gii thch hin tng th nghim v vit c cc pthh. -Vit tng trnh th nghim 3/Thi : -Rn luyn thc cn thn , kin tr trong hc tp v thc hnh ho hc II/Chun b: 1/Dng c:ng nghim , mung ly ho cht rn , gi th nghim, phu, mnh ba cng (bng 1/4 t A4),hoc mung nha nh ,nam chm, a thu tinh , chi ra, n cn, ng ht nh git , kp ng nghim 2/Ho cht:Bt nhm, dd NaOH, bt st, dd HCl, bt S, 3/ HS n tp tnh cht ho hc ca nhm v st 4/Chun b phiu hc tp: C 3kim loi Fe, Al, Cu. ng trong 3l khng ghi nhn . Bng thc nghim ho hc ,hy lp s v nu cch phn bit 3 kim loi III/Lu v an ton trong khi lm th nghim -Cn thn vi phn ng t chy Fe vi S -Bt Fe, Al, S. kh v c bo qun trong l kn -Bt Fe v S ch ly lng ho cht nh IV/Bi mi: -Gii thiu bi:Chng ta hc 2 nguyn t kim loi tng i in hnh v rt quan trng trong i sng, trong sn xut l nhm v st. Hm nay bng thc nghim, chng ta s kim chng mt s tnh cht quan trng ca 2 nguyn t ny -Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1:T chc hng dn hs tm hiu mc tiu, ni dung cch tin hnh TN trong bi TH Hot ng 2:Tc dng ca nhm vi oxi: Gio vin Hc sinh -GV yu cu HS bo co vic chun b bi thc i din nhm HS bo co hnh nh -Mc tiu ca bi thc hnh:HS tin hnh TN v tnh cht ha hc ca kim loi nhm, st gip cng c kin thc, tc dng ca nhm vi oxi, st tc dng vi lu hunh, so snh tnh cht nhm, st -Cch tin hnh 3TN:Nh ni dung sgk 1.TN1: t bt nhm trong khng kh, ch bt nhm kh mn, trnh bt nhm bay vo mt. 2.TN2: t hn hp bt st v bt lu hunh . Ch bt lu hunh v bt st phi kh v ng t l khi lng. Ong nghim kh chu nhit . t nng hn hp bt st v lu hunh cho n khi Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 64
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------m sng rc xut hin th b n cn ra 3.TN3:Nhn bit kim loi nhm v st . Nhm c phn ng vi dd NaOH to bt kh cn st khng c phn ng. Dd NaOH phi c th d quan st hin tng Nhm HS khc lng nghe v b sung hon thin nu c -GV nhn xt nh gi, hon thin Hot ng 2:Phn cng nhm HS tin hnh TN c th Gio vin Hc sinh -GV yu cu nhm HS tin hnh TN theo cc bc -Nhm HS thc hin TN ng lot nh ni dung sgk . 1TN1:Nhm tc dng vi oxi khng kh khi t GV quan st hot ng c th ca mi nhm. Nhn nng xt v hng dn iu chnh kp thi cch tin 2TN2:St tc dng vi lu hunh nhit cao hnh hoc hot ng ca nhm (nu cn) 3TN3:Nhn bit kim loi nhm, st dng bt trong hai l khng nhn Hot ng 3: Vit tng trnh TN theo c nhn.HS c th vit ngay ti lp. GV yu cu HS ghi chp kt qu TN Nhm HS m t, nhm trng tng kt, th k ghi chp : TN1:Nhm tc dng vi oxi khng kh 4Al(r,bt trng) +3O2 (kk) 2Al2O3 (r, trng) TN2:St tc dng vi lu hunh Fe(r, bt en) + S(r, bt vng) FeS(r, en) TN3:Nhn bit kim loi nhm, st ng nghim c si bt kh c cha nhm do phn ng ca nhm vi dd NaOH -GV yu cu mi HS ghi kt qu vo tng trnh -Mi HS vit tng trnh ngay sau bui thc hnh TN theo mu gm cc ni dung :TN,hin tng, gii thch v vit PTHH (Chm ly im 15) Hot ng 4:HS lm v sinh, thu dn dng c, ha cht ng ni quy nh: -GV yu cu nhm HS v sinh Nhm HS phn cng : -Kh ha cht d sau TN: Thu gom bt nhm, st cn d sau TN -Ra dng c TN: l thy tinh, cc thy tinh... -Lau bn TN sch s, ct dng c ng ni quy nh Hot ng 5:GV nhn xt, nh gi chung v tinh thn thi , kt qu bi thc hnh v rt kinh nghim nu cn -Dn d: hc k cc bi chng I v II . -Nu cn d thi gian GV c th cho hs lm bi tp phiu hc tp -Nghin cu bi mi: Tm hiu v tnh cht ho hc ca phi kim. *****************************0o0***************************
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:27/11/10 Tun 15, tit 30 Bi 25 TNH CHT CA PHI KIM I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: -Bit dc mt s tnh cht vt l ca phi kim: Phi kim tn ti 3 trng thi rn, lng, kh. Phn ln cc nguyn t phi kim khng dn in, dn nhit, nhit nng chy thp. -Bit nhng tnh cht ho hc chung ca phi kim:Tc dng vi oxi, vi kim loi v vi hir. (KTTT) -So lc v mc hot ng ho hc mnh yu ca 1 s phi kim . 2/K nng: -Bit quan st TN, hnh nh th nghim rt ra nhn xt v tnh cht ho hc ca phi kim -Vit c 1 s PTHH theo s chuyn ho ca phi kim -Tnh lng phi kim v hp cht ca phi kim trong p ho hc. II/Chun b: -TN clo tc dng vi hiro (nu c) Dng c iu ch v thu kh clo trong phng TN , l ng kh clo Dng c iu ch kh hiro (xem chng 5 sgk ho hc 8 )v cc ng dn kh nh hnh 3.1 sgk ho hc 9 -Ho cht :C, S, P(), Cl2, dd HCl, Fe, Cu, Al. -ng nghim, gi TN, mung ly ho cht,n cn, dng c th tnh dn in. III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1. n nh: 2.Bi c: 3. Bi mi: -Gii thiu bi:Kim loi c nhng tnh cht chung no ?(kim tra bi c) so vi kim loi, phi kim c nhng tnh cht no khc tr li cu hi ny chng ta nghin cu bi tnh cht ca phi kim . Hot ng 1:I/ Tnh cht vt l ca phi kim: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Phi kim c th tn ti trng -GV yu cu HS cho bit tn , -HS tho lun tr li :Than C, S, thi:Th rn I2, S, C..., th lng KHHH, tnh cht vt l, ca mt rn , khng dn in, khng dn Br2, th kh O2, Cl2... s phi kim nhit. -Khng dn in, dn nhit,v c -GV b sung v thng bo tnh -HS ghi cc thng tin vo v nhit nng chy thp cht vt l ca phi kim Hot ng 3:II/Phi kim c nhng tnh cht ho hc no? Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Tc dng vi kim loi: -GV yu cu HS cho VD v kim -HS da vo bi kim loi hc -Nhiu phi kim tc dng vi kim loi vi phi kim cho VD loi to thnh mui -GV hng dn HS nhn xt -HS nhn xt (kim loi + phi v tnh cht ny 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3 kim mui(oxt) - GV yu cu HS vit PTHH -HS vit PTHH 2/Tc dng vi hiro: gia oxi v hiro, gia hiro vi 2H2(k) + O2(k) 2H2O(l) clo. H2(k) + Cl2(k) 2HCl(k) -GV c th da vo tn sgk -HS quan st v nhn xt (hiro yucu hs m t hin tng v chy trong kh clo to thnh kh rt ra nhn xt khng mu , lm giy qy tm ho -GV thng bo ngoi H2 , mt s Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 66
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------phi kim khc phn ng vi hiro to thnh hp cht kh 3/Tc dng vi oxi: -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH gia -HS vit PTHH v nhn xt t0 S, P vi oxi v yu cu HS nhn xt S(r) + O2(k) SO2(k) k/ mu -GV b sung v kt lun 4P(r) +5 O2((k) 2P2O5(r)trng Nhiu phi kim tc dng vi oxi to thnh oxt axt 4/ Mc hot ng ca phi -GV cho VD 2 Fe+3Cl2 kim: Mc hot ng ho hc mnh Fe + S hay yu ca phi kim c xt -Yu cu HS vit PTHHv nhn -HS vit PTHH v nu mc cn c vo kh nng v mc xt ho tr ca Fe trong VD trn hot ng ca clo v S (Cl> S) phn ng ca phi kim vi kim mc hot ng ca clo v S loi v hiro -GV cho VD H2+Cl2 VD:F,Cl, O. l nhng phi kim H2+S ; H2+ F2 ; v ghi -HS vit PTHH v nhn xt phn mnh iu kin phn ng . Yu cu HS ng d xy ra nht l : S, P, C, Si l nhng phi kim yu nhn xt phn ng no d xy ra H2+ F2H2+Cl2H2+S nht mnh yu ca 3 nguyn t Cl, F, S. -GV yu cu HS nu mc -HS nhn xt mc hot ng hot ng ca phi kim . ca cc phi kim c cn c vo kh nng no ?(kim loi v hiro ) -GV b sung v kt lun 4/Tng kt vn dng: -GV yu cu HS tm tt ni dung chnh ca bi hc -GV yu cu HS lm bi tp 3,5 sgk s t0 t0 3. H2 + Cl2 2HCl ; H2 + SH2S ; H2 + Br2 2HBr 5. SSO2SO3H2SO4Na2SO4BaSO4 -GV hng dn HS hon thnh s trn 5/Dn d -Lm cc bi tp cn li -Nghin cu bi mi : Tm hiu v tnh cht vt l v ho hc ca clo, ng dng v phng php iu ch clo. *****************************0o0***************************
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son :04/12/2010 Tun 16, tit 31, 32 Bi 26 Clo NTK : 35,5 ; PTK : 71 I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc:HS bit c -Tnh cht vt l ca clo (KTTT) - Clo c 1 s tnh cht chung ca phi kim (tc dng vi kim loi, vi hiro), clo cn tc dng vi nc v dd baz, clo l phi kim hot ng mnh. (KTTT) -Phng php iu ch clo trong cng nghip, trong phng TN (KTTT) -Mt s ng dng , thu kh clo trong cng nghip, trong phng TN 2/K nng: -Bit d on, kim tra, kt lun c tnh cht ho hc ca clo v vit cc pthh -Bit quan st TN , nhn xt v tc dng ca clo vi nc, vi dd kim v tnh ty mu ca clo m (nu c) -Nhn bit c kh clo bng giy mu m -Tnh th tch kh clo tham gia hoc to thnh trong phn ng ho hc ktc II/Chun b DDH (nu c) TN1: 1 dy ng qun hnh l xo nh vi nt bt , nc, n cn , dim. TN2 clo tc dng vi nc v th tnh ty mu ca clo m ,l ng kh clo , mt cc nc , giy qu tm. TN3: Cl2+ dd NaOH :L ng kh clo , 1 ng nghim ng 12ml dd NaOH TN4: iu ch clo trong phng TN :1 b dng c nh hnh v 3.5 trang 79 sgk , dd HCl c, MbO 2, n cn , dim, bng tm xt, bnh ng kh. -S thng in phn dd mui n iu ch kh clo trong cng nghip . III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1. n nh: 2. Bi c:(c kim tra trong phn tnh cht ho hc ca clo) 3.Bi mi: Gii thiu bi:GV:Hy vit CTPT ca mui n, cho bit nguyn t ho hc no to thnh mui n. GV:Hy nu hiu bit ca em v nguyn t clo , gii p cu hi ny chng ta nn nghin cu bi clo Hot ng 1:Tnh cht vt l Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Cht kh, mu vng lc, mi -GV hung dn HS quan st trng -HS quan st l ng kh clo hc, nng gp 2,5 ln khng kh thi, mu sc ca clo davo sgk v cho bit trng thi, mu v tan c trong nc, clo l -GV nu thm nhng d kin khc sc(cht kh, mu vng lc) kh c. v tnh cht vt l ca clo -HS nhn lng thng tin Hot ng2 II/Tnh cht ho hc: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1. Clo c nhng tnh cht ca phi -GV giao nhim v cho HS hng -HS nhn lng thng tin kim khng? dn HS hot ng tm ra tnh a. Tc dng vi kim loi: cht ho hc ca clo 2Fe(trngxm) + 3Cl2 2FeCl3 (mu ) -GV nu vn liu clo c nhng Cu +Cl2 CuCl2(trng) tnh cht ho hc ca phi kim hay Nhn xt:Clo phn ng vi hu khng? ht kim loi to thnh mui -GV da vo tn sgk yu cu hs nu -HS quan st TN, vit PTHH, clorua hin tng nhn xt vit cc pthh v tho lun v tnh cht ho b.Tc dng vi hiro: cc phn ng t chy dy Fe, Cu, hc ca clo Cl2(k) + H2(k) 2HCl(k) v kh H2 trong bnh ng kh clo Kt lun:Clo c nhng tnh cht -Gvb sung v kt lun 68 Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ho hc ca phi kim :tc dng hu ht kim loi to thnh mui clorua,tc dng vi hiro to thnh hiroclorua .Clo l phi kim hot ng ho hc mnh 2/Clo cn c tnh cht ho hc no khc? -GV yu cu hs da vo sgk m a.Tc dng vi nc: t TN tc dng ca clo vi nc . -HS quan st mu sc, nhn -GV nu bn cht phn ng ca clo xt hin tng ca nc clo Cl2(k) + H2O HClO + HCl Nc clo l dung dch hn hp vi nc xy ra theo 2 chiu ngc -Quan st ma sc giy qu nhau t gii thch hin tng trc v sau khi tip xc vi cc cht Cl2, HCl, HclO. mu, mi ca nc clo v tnh ty nc b. Tc dng vi dd NaOH: Cl (k)+NaOH(dd)NaClO(dd)+NaCl (dd)+H O mu ca clo m hoc nc clo nh -Vit PTHH xy ra sgk. -GV hi: Vy s ho tan clo vo nc l hin tng vt l hay hin -HS tr li(vt l v ho hc) tng ho hc -GV yu cu hs da vo sgk m t hin tng nhn xt TN clo vi dd NaOH v vit pthh -HS quan st hin tng (dd -GV gi v gii thch dd c tnh khng mu) v vit pthh ty mu v tng t nh HClO, NaClO l cht oxi ho mnh
2 2
3/ Tng kt v vn dng: GV yu cu HS tr li cu hi 1,4,6.sgk trang 81 -GV hng dn HS tr li cu hi 1(va l hin tng vt l ,va l hin tng ho hc v c to thnh cht mi, c kh clo trong dd ,clo l cht tan) 4/b v clo tc dng vi nc 6/Qu tm m clo mt mu qu tm m HCl lm qu tm m -Dng tn m nhn ra kh oxi (lm tn m bng chy) 5/Dn d: V nh nghin cu mc III, IV (sgk) *****************************0o0*************************** Ngy son :04/12/2010 Tun 16, tit 32 Bi 26 Clo NTK : 35,5 ; PTK : 71 (TT) I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc:HS bit c -Tnh cht vt l ca clo (KTTT) - Clo c 1 s tnh cht chung ca phi kim (tc dng vi kim loi, vi hiro), clo cn tc dng vi nc v dd baz, clo l phi kim hot ng mnh. (KTTT) -Phng php iu ch clo trong cng nghip, trong phng TN (KTTT) -Mt s ng dng , thu kh clo trong cng nghip, trong phng TN 2/K nng: -Bit d on, kim tra, kt lun c tnh cht ho hc ca clo v vit cc pthh 69 Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Bit quan st TN , nhn xt v tc dng ca clo vi nc, vi dd kim v tnh ty mu ca clo m (nu c) -Nhn bit c kh clo bng giy mu m -Tnh th tch kh clo tham gia hoc to thnh trong phn ng ho hc ktc II/Chun b DDH (Bng ph) III/Tin trnh ln lp: Hot ng 1 III/ng dng ca clo Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Kh trng nc sinh hot. GV hng dn HS xem hnh -HS tr li(da vo hnh 3.4) -Ty trng vi si, bt giy. 3.4(sgk) v nu mt s ng dng -iu ch nha PVC, cht do, ca clo cht mu, cao su. -GV b sung v kt lun -iu ch nc giaven, clorua vi Hot ng 2: IV/iu ch kh clo: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1 iu ch clo trong phng TN GV hng dn HS xem hnh 3.5 sgk -HS quan st hnh 3.5 sgk v tr v tr li cc cu hi sau: li cu hi -Ho cht iu ch clo bao gm (MnO2, H2SO4 c, HCl) 4HCl+MnO2 MnCl2+Cl2+2H2O nhng cht no ? () (r) (dd) (k) (l) -Bnh ng H2SO4 c dng lm -(lm kh kh clo) g? -Ti sao khng thu kh clo qua nc -v clo tc dng vi nc -GV yu cu HS nu cch thu kh clo v gii thch ti sao ? -HS tr li(clo nng hn khng -GV yu cu HS d on sn phm kh) v vit PTHH -HS tr li v vit PTHH -GV yu cu HS nu tm tc qu trnh iu ch clo trong phng TN -HS tr li cu hi -GV yu cu HS da vo sgk cho bit nguyn liu iu ch clo trong -HS tr li(dd NaCl) 2.iu ch clo trong cng nghip CN NaCl +2H O Cl + H +2NaOH -GV gii thiu tn ,phng php (dd bh) (k) (k) (dd) vyu cu HS quan st s bnh - HS quan st s v tr li cu in phn m t qu trnh iu hi ch clo trong CN , d on sn phm v vit PTHH 3/ Tng kt v vn dng: 9/Khng th thu kh clo bng cch y nc v clo tc dng vi nc ,c th thu kh clo bng cch y khng kh v nga bnh 10/GV hng dn HS vit PTHH v i cc i lng 5/Dn d: -V nh lm cc bi tp cn li -nghin cu bi mi (cacbon): Tm hiu tnh cht ca cacbon v nh hnh (than g, than xng, ..)
2 2 2
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:10/12/2010 Tun 17, tit 33 Bi 27: CACBON I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh bit c -n cht cacbon c 3 dng th hnh chnh: Kim cng, than ch v ccbon v nh hnh. -Ccbon v nh hnh (than g, than xng, m hng) c tnh hp ph v hot ng ha hc nht -S lc tnh cht vt l ca 3 dng th hnh . -Ccbon l phi kim hot ng ha hc yu: Tc dng vi oxi v mt s oxit kim loi , tnh cht ha hc c bit ca ccbon l tnh kh nhit cao. (KTTT) -Mt s ng dng tng ng vi tnh cht vt l v tnh cht ha hc ca ccbon (KTTT) 2/K nng: -Quan st th nghim, hnh nh TN v rt ra nhn xt v tnh cht ha hc ca ccbon . -Vit pthh ca cacbon vi oxi, vi 1 s oxit kim loi. -Tnh lng C v hp cht ca C trong phn ng ho hc, khi lng cht b kh v lng nhit to ra hoc tiu th trong phn ng ca C. II/Chun b: 1.TN tnh cht hp ph ca than g :ng hnh tr, nt c ng vut, gi st, kp st, cc thy tinh nh hnh 37 trang 82 sgk 2.TN ccbon kh ng(II) oxt : dng c:ng nghim, nt c ng dn thy tinh xuyn qua 1 cc hoc ng nghim, n cn, dim. Ha cht: CuO(kh), than g(kh), nc vi trong III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh t chc: 2/Kim tra bi c:a.Nu tnh cht ha hc ca clo. Vit cc PTHH minh ha . b.Vit PTHH khi cho clo, lu hunh, oxi phn ng vi st nhit cao. Cho bit ha tr ca st trong nhng hp cht to thnh. 3/Bi mi: -Gii thiu bi:Ccbon l 1 trong nhng nguyn t ha hc c loi ngi bit n sm nht, rt gn gi vi i sng con ngi, vy ccbon tn ti dng no trong t nhin ? ccbon c nhng tnh cht vt l v ha hc no? Ccbon c nhng ng dng g? tr li, chng ta s nghin cu bi ccbon . -Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1:I/ Cc dng th hnh ca ccbon: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Dng th hnh l g?l nhng -GV gi HS nh li bi oxi ta -HS da vo gi ca GV tr n cht khc nhau do nguyn t bit oxi c 2 dng th hnh l li cu hi (dng th hnh l to nn . V d:O2 v O3 O2 v O3, y l nhng n cht, nhng n cht ...) vy dng th hnh l g? -GVb sung vkt lun nh sgk 2/ Cc dng th hnh ca ccbon : -Kim cng:Cng, trong sut, khng dn in -Than ch:Mm, dn in. -Ccbon v nh hnh(than g, than xng...)xp, khng dn in. -GV gii thiu cho HS 3 dng -HS nhn lng thng tin v da th hnh ca ccbon v yu cu vo s tr li HS nu mt s tnh cht ca ccbon v nh hnh
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Hot ng2:II/ Tnh cht ca cacbon: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1.Tnh cht hp ph: -GV thc hin TN v s hp ph -HS quan st GV lm TN. Nhn -Than g c tnh hp ph cht mu ca than g. Hng dn HS xt hin tng dd mc sau khi mu tan trong dd. quan st dd thu c sau khi qua lp than g tr thnh dd -Than g c kh nng gi trn chy qua lp than g trong sut, khng mu b mt ca n cc cht kh, cht -GV b sung v kt lun -HS nhn lng thng tin hi. Than g c tnh hp ph -GV cho nhiu VD chng minh than g c tnh hp ph cht kh, hi. (ch ti lin h thc t :lc nc, cm kh.) -GV thng bo than mi iu ch c tnh hot tnh mnh 2. Tnh cht ha hc: a. Cacbon tc dng vi oxi: -GV nu vn cacbon l phi -HS tho lun tr li v tnh cht kim . ccbon c nhng tnh cht ha hc chung ca phi kim C(r) + O2(k) CO2(k) + Q b.Ccbon tc dng vi oxt kim ha hc no? -GV thng bo cacbon l phi kim loi: hot ng ha hc yu iu kin CuO(r)+C(r) CO2(k)+Cu(r) xy ra phn ng ca C vi H2v (en) (en) (0 mu) () -Ngoi ra nhit cao C cn kim loi rt kh khn nn ta ch kh c mt s oxt kim loi xt 1 s tnh cht ha hc c nhiu ng dng trong thc t nh ZnO, PbO ... -GV thc hin TN t chy cacbon trong oxi v yu cu HS -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV quan st hin tng v vit (chy trong oxi v ta nhiu nhit PTHH ) -GV b sung v kt lun. -GV thc hin th nghim CuO+ C v yu cu HS gii thch cc -HS quan st hin tng v vit hin tng: Ti sao nc vi PTHH : trong c, mu ca hn hp sau CuO + C CO2 + Cu khi nung chuyn t en thnh -HS gii thch cc hin tng (v -GV yu cu HS nhn xt v rt c CO2 to thnh, Cu to thnh) ra kt lun -HS rt ra kt lun:C kh c -GV b sung v kt lun oxt ca mt s kim loi Hot ng 3:ng dng ca ccbon: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Than ch lm in cc, cht bi -GV yu cu HS hy nu nhng -HS tho lun nhm v c i trn, rut bt ch. ng dng c lin quan n tnh din nhm tr li cu hi (phn -Kim cng c dng lm cht ha hc ca ccbon (than, ng chy ta nhit.C c tnh trang sc, mi khoan, dao ct kim cng, than ch)v gii thch kh luyn gang thp..)v gii knh. ti sao ?(VD ti sao than hot thch ti sao ? -Than hot tnh c dng lm tnh c dng lm mt n mt n phng c, lm cht kh phng c...) mu , kh mi. -GV b sung v kt lun. -Than , than g, c dng Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 72
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------lm nhin liu, lm cht kh iu ch mt s kim loi 4/Tng kt v vn dng: -GV yu cu 1 2 HS c phn ghi nh -GV hi dng th hnh ca nguyn t l g? Nu cc dng th hnh ca ccbon -GV yu cu HS gii bi tp 2 sgk C + CuO; C+ PbO; C + CO2; C + FeO (C ng vai tr l cht kh) -GV hng dn HS gii BT3: A l CuO; B l ccbon ; C l CO2; D l Ca(OH)2. BT4: C + O2 CO2 c ...ma axt , BT5 v nh 5/Dn d: -V nh hc bi c ,lm bi tp -Nghin cu bi mi : Tm hiu v tnh cht ca cc oxt ca ccbon *****************************0o0*************************** Ngy son:12/12/2010 Tun 18, Tit 34 Bi 28: CC OXIT CA CACBON I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc:HS bit c -CO l oxit khng to mui, c, kh c nhiu oxit kim loi nhit cao. L oxit trung tnh c tnh kh mnh . -CO2 l oxit axit tng ng vi oxit axit. 2/K nng: -Bit quan st TN v hnh nh th nghm rt ra tnh cht ho hc ca CO, CO2 -Xc nh p c thc hin c hay khng v vit pthh -Nhn bit CO2, mt s mui cacbonat c th . -Tnh thnh phn phn trm th tch kh CO v CO2 trong hn hp II/C hun b dng dy hc: -TN iu ch kh CO2 trong phng TN bng bnh kp ci tin :1 bnh kp ci tin,1 bnh ng dd NaHCO 3 ra kh, 1 l c nt thu kh . -TN CO2 phn ng vi nc : ng nghim ng H2O v giy qu tm III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Kim tra bi c: a. Dng th hnh ca nguyn t l g?cho 2 v d b. Vit PTHH ca C vi cc oxit sau :CuO, PbO, CO2, FeO. Hy cho bit loi phn ng , vai tr ca C trong cc phn ng trong sn xut 3. Cc hot ng dy v hc: -Gii thiu bi:GV vit CTHH CO v CO2. Hai oxit ny thuc loi no? Chng c nhng tnh cht v ng dng g ? tr li chng ta s nghin cu v tnh cht v ng dng ca cc oxit ny . Hot ng 1:I/CCBON OXIT (CO = 28): Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Tnh cht vt l:(SGK) -GV hng dn HS nghin cu -HS t c sgk v tr li cu hi sgk v tnh cht vt l ca CO (tnh cht vt l ca CO) 2/Tnh cht ha hc: a. CO l oxt trung tnh : nhit thng CO khng phn ng -GV nu cu hi HS nh li -HS tr li : Vit cc PTHH (cc Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 73
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vi nc, kim v axt. mt s phn ng ca CO trong l oxit st +CO) v cho bit vai tr b. CO l cht kh: nhit cao cao v cho bit vai tr ca CO ca CO CO kh c nhiu oxt kim loi -GV cho HS quan st hnh v (H 311) v m t TN chng t -HS quan st hnh v v tr li CuO(r)+CO(k) CO2(k)+Cu(r) tnh cht ca ccbon oxit cu hi (nu c hin tng ti (en) () sao c cht rn mu xut 3/ng dng:Lm nhin liu, cht kh, nguyn liu trong cng -GV yu cu HS da vo tnh hin) cht vt l v tnh cht ha hc -HS tr li cu hi(lm nhin nghip ha hc cho bit ng dng ca CO liu, cht kh...) -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 2:CACBON I OXIT: CO2 = 44 Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin 1/Tnh cht vt l.(SGK) -GV yu cu nu tnh cht vt l 2/Tnh cht ho hc: ca CO2 . Ngoi ra GV cho HS a.Tc dng vi nc: quan st mt s TN nh hnh 3.12 b sung thm tnh cht CO2(k) + H2O(l) H2CO3(dd) vt l -GV lm TN cho qu tm vo b. Tc dng vi dd baz: ng nghim ng nc ri sc CO2 + 2NaOH Na2CO3+H2O kh CO2 vo (h3.13)un nng dd 1 mol 2 mol v yu cu HS quan st TN, rt CO2 + NaOH NaHCO3(dd) ra nhn xt 1 mol 1 mol 2CO2+3NaOHNaHCO3+Na2CO3 -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH ca CO2 vi NaOH 2 mol 3 mol Kt lun:CO2 c nhng tnh cht -GV thng bo sn phm to thnh ph thuc vo t l s mol ca oxit axit -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH ca 3/ng dng: CO2 cha chy, bo qun thc CaO vi CO2 v kt lun phm, sn xut nc gii kht c -GV yu cu HS c sgk nu gaz, sn xut xa, phn m ur ng dng ca CO2 (ch n phn lin h thc t) -GV b sung v kt lun . Hc sinh -HS da vo s hiu bit v CO2 tr li v quan st hnh 3.12 -HS quan st hin tng v rt ra nhn xt, gii thch (qu tm nht ,khi un nng chuyn sang mu tm)H2CO3 l mt axt yu -HS vit PTHH (sn phm c th l Na2CO3 hoc NaHCO3 hay c 2 mui -HS vit PTHH v kt lun CO2 l mt oxt axt -HS c sgk v tr li cu hi
4/ Tng kt v bi tp vn dng: -GV yu cu HS h thng li tnh cht quan trng ca kh CO v CO2 , thy r s s ging nhau v khc nhau v thnh phn tnh cht v ng dng -Nu c iu kin GV lp bng so snh HS thy r c tnh cht khc bit gia 2 axit ny -GV hng dn HS gii BT sgk. BT3: Dn CO, CO2 qua Ca(OH)2 , CuO. BT4: Do Ca(OH)2 tc dng vi kh CO2 trong khng kh CaCO3 BT5: Dn CO, CO2, Ca(OH)2 thu c CO 2CO + O2 2CO2VCO = 2 x 2 = 4l , VCO2 = 16 4 = 12 L 5/Dn d: V nh hc bi c , n tp kin thc chun b cho tit n tp HKI (T35) Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 74
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*****************************0o0***************************
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son: 19/12/2010 Tun 18, tit 35 N TP HC K I I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Hc sinh -Cng c, h thng ho kin thc v tnh cht ca cc hp cht v c, kim loi thy r mi quan h gia n cht v hp cht v c . 2/K nng: -T tnh cht ho hc ca cc hp cht v c , kim loi, bit thit lp s bin i t kim loi thnh cc cht v c v ngc li. ng thi xc lp c mi quan h gia tng loi cht . -Bit chn ng cc cht c th lm v d v vit PTHH biu din s bin i gia cc cht -T s bin i c th rt ra c mi quan h gia cc loi cht II/Chun b: Chun b cc phiu giao vic cho HS chun b n tp nh Phiu hc tp s 1 Hy vit PTHH thc hin dy bin i sau. T cho bit tn loi cht v lp mi lin h 1 K KOH KCl KNO3 ; 2. K K2O KOH KNO3 K2SO4 3 . K K2O K2CO3 KOH K2SO4 KNO3 ; 4. K KCl Phiu hc tp s 2 Hy vit PTHH thc hin dy bin ho sau. T cho bit tn loi cht v thit lp mi lin h. 1.AgNO3 Ag ; 2. FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 Fe ; 3. Cu(OH)2 CuO Cu ; 4. CuO Cu III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh t chc: 2. Kim tra bi c:(c kim tra trong qu trnh n tp) 3. Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1: I/ Kin thc cn nh : Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/S chuyn hokim loi thnh -GV pht phiu hc tp s 1 v -HS nhn nhim v GV giao v cc hp cht v c: giao nhim v cho HS tho lun nhm. C i din trnh -GV theo di v hng dn HS by, vit cc PTHH cho bit tn Baz <--Kim loi oxit baz t ch bit tn cc loi cht v loi cht v thit lp mi lin h cc PTHH lp s t kim (kim loi K, baz KOH, oxit baz Mui K2O, ... loi hp cht v c -GV pht phiu hc tp s 2 v -HS nhn nhim v GV giao v 2/S bin i cc hp cht v c giao nhim v cho HS:Hy vit tho lun nhm tr li cu hi. thnh kim loi: PTHH thc hin dy bin ho 1/AgNO3 + Cu Cu(NO3)2 + Ag trong phiu hc tp Mui Kim loi <--Oxit baz -GV theo di cc hot ng ca 2/FeCl3+3NaOHFe(OH)3+ 3NaCl nhm v hng dn HS hon thnh bi tp VD:T AgNO3 -2Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 + 3H2O Ag (GV thng bo y l mi Fe2O3 +3 H22 Fe +3 H2O quan h gia mui v kim loi -GV yu cu i din nhm trnh -HS c i din nhm tr li ba -GV nhn xt v b sung v hng dn hs lp nn s khi qut. 76 Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An
Hot ng 2:Bi tp Ni dung bi ghi BT2
Gio vin -GV hng dn HS gii BT2 sgk:GV thng bo sp xp 4 Al AlCl3Al(OH)3Al2O3 cht ny thnh dy chuyn i AlAl2O3AlCl3Al(OH)3 2Al+6 HCl2AlCl3 +3H2 ho hc cc em cn phi nm AlCl3+3NaOH 3NaCl+Al(OH)3 mi quan h ca chng 2Al(OH)3 Al2O3 +3 H2O -GV yu cu HS phn loi tng cht v lp mi quan h -GV yu cu HS vit cc PTHH BT3:-Trch 3 mu th cho dd -GV b sung v kt lun NaOH vo 3 mu th trn mu -GV yu cu HS nghin cu no c cht kh bay ra l nhm v bi 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O -GV yu cu HS tm ra im 2NaAlO2 + 3H2 2 mu cn li khng c hin khc bit v tnh cht ho hc ca nhm, bc, st, tng g l:Fe v Ag -Trch 2 mu cn li cho ddHCl vo 2 mu trn mu no c cht -GV yu cu HS trnh by y cch nhn bit v vit PTHH kh bay ra l Fe v; Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 -Mu cn li l Ag BT10: -GV yu cu HS c v nghin n =1,96/56 = 0,035mol cu BT 10 v tm PP gii mdd = 100 x 1,12 =112g -GV yu cu HS i m n v mct = 112/100x 10= 11,2g nCuSO4 =11,2/160 = 0,7mol tnh mdd mct a/Fe+ CuSO4FeSO4 + Cu -GV hng dn hs gii bi tp b/nCuSO4 > nFe nFeSO4 CM -GV b sung 4/Tng kt v dn d: -GV yu cu HS cho VD theo s 1,2 hc -Cch gii 1 s dng bi tp thc hin dy bin ho -Vit CTHH, nhn bit cc cht .Ton hn hp, ton dung dch. -Dn d:v nh xem li cng v h thng ho KT kim tra HKI.
Hc sinh -HS nghin cu BT2 v tm mi quan h ca chng(phn loi cc cht mi quan h vit cc PTHH) Al(kim loi) AlCl3(mui) Al(OH)3(baz)Al2O3(oxit baz) -HS vit cc PTHH -HS c v nghin cu bi tm phng php gii (nhn bit bng pp ho hc) -HS tr li(u l kim loi nhng nhm tc dng c vi dd NaOH,cn li Ag v Fe th ch c Fe tc dng vi axit) -HS trnh by v vit PTHH
-HS nu PP gii (tm cc d kin cho bit v cn tm) mFe= 1,96g , Vdd = 100ml C%= 10%, D= 1,12g/ml a/PTHH , b/ CM= ? -HS tho lun v gii bi tp
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Ngy son: 19/12/2010 TRNG THCS MINH-TN chnh thc
KIM TRA HC K I, HO HC 9-TIT 36 Thi gian lm bi 45 im: Tng im 5 5 10
H v tn: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ; Lp: . . . . . ; Ni dung KT Chng I Chng II Tng Bit Cu 3(2) 2 MA TRN Hiu Cu 1(3) 3
Vn dng Cu 2 (2) Cu 4 (3) 5
ra: I Cu 1: (3im) Cho cc cht sau: Na2O , Fe , Cu(OH)2 . Hy cho bit: a. Nhng cht no tc dng c vi dung dch HCl. b. Nhng cht no b nhit phn hu. c. Nhng cht no tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO3 . Vit cc PTHH xy ra. Cu 2: (2im) Vit PTHH thc hin chui bin ho (km theo iu kin phn ng nu c) ? Fe(NO3)3 Fe FeCl3 Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 Cu 3: (2im) C 3 kim loi gm: Cu, Mg, Al ng ring bit trong 3 l b mt nhn. Bng phng php ho hc em hy phn bit chng? Vit PTHH nhn bit (nu c). Cu 4: (3im)Cho 4,4 gam hn hp A gm Mg v MgO tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), sau phn ng thu c 2,24 lt kh ( ktc). a. Vit cc PTHH xy ra. b. Tnh thnh phn trm v khi lng mi cht c trong hn hp A. c. Phi dng bao nhiu lt dung dch HCl 0,75 M ho tan hon ton hn hp A. p n - Biu im: Cu1: 3 (Tm c: 0,5, vit ng 5pthh: 2,5) a. Nhng cht t/d c vi: HCl gm c 3 cht: Na2O , Fe , Cu(OH)2 b.Cht b nhit phn hu: ch c: Cu(OH)2 c.Cht t/d c vi: AgNO3 gm Fe Cu 2: 2 Vit ng 4 pthh (4x0,5=2) Cu 3: 2 - Trch mu th vo mi ng nghim ring bit. - Cho dd NaOH vo mi ng nghim, ng no thy kim loi tan dn ng thi xut hin bt kh, th ng nghim ng KL nhm(Al). V c P xy ra: 2Al + 2NaOH + 2H2O 2NaAlO2 + 3H2.(1) - Hai ng nghim cn li cho dd HCl vo, ng nghim no thy kim loi tan dn ng thi xut hin bt kh, th ng nghim ng KL (Mg). V c P xy ra: Mg + 2HCl MgCl2 + H2. - ng nghim cn li ng KL (Cu). (1) Cu 4: 3 -Vit ng 2pthh: 1 - Tnh ng %Mg v % MgO (1) 78 Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tnh ng khi lng dd HCl (1)
KT THC HC K I / Nm hc 2010-2011
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Ngy son 10/12/10 HC K II Tun 20, tit 37 AXIT CACBONIC V MUI CACBONAT I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS bit c -H2CO3 l axit rt yu, khng bn -Mui cacbonat c nhng tnh cht ca mui nh tc dng vi axit, vi dd mui, vi dd kim. Ngoi ra mui cacbonat d b phn hu nhit cao v gii phng kh CO2. -Mui cacbonat c ng dng trong sn xut v i sng -Chu trnh ca cacbon trong t nhin v vn bo v mi trng 2/K nng: -Bit tin hnh th nghim chng minh tnh cht ho hc ca mui cacbonat tc dng vi axit, vi dd mui,dd kim. -Bit quan st hin tng, gii thch v rt ra kt lun v tnh cht d b nhit phn hu ca mui cacbonat -Bi ton tnh nng dd, % th tch kh v xc nh CT hp cht ca cacbon. II/Chun b: -Ho cht: NaHCO3, Na2CO3, HCl, K2CO3, Ca(OH)2. -Dng c: ng nghim, khay, cc, ng dn kh, n cn. III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh t chc: 2/Kim tra bi c: 3/Bi mi: -Gii thiu bi:CO2 l mt oxit axit vy H2CO3 v mui cacbonat tng ng c nhng tnh cht no? Bi ny chng ta s nghin cu v axit v cc mui Hot ng1 AXIT CACBONIT (H2CO3) Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Trng thi t nhin v tnh cht -GV hng dn HS nghin cu -HS nghin cu sgk tho lun v vt l: Nc t nhin v nc sgk trng 88 v t vn d: cc em tnh cht trng thi ca ma c ho tan kh CO2. bit s to thnh vphn tch H2CO3(nc t nhin v nc 2/Tnh cht ho hc: ca H2CO3.Hy vit PTHH ma c ho tan kh CO2 .... - H2CO3 l mt axit yu, dd chng minh s to to thnh v H2CO3 l mt axit yu) H2CO3 lm qu tm chuyn thnh d b phn tch ca H2CO3 mu nht . -GV b sung v kt lun v trng -HCO3 l mt axt khng bn b thi t nhin v tnh cht ho hc phn hu thnh CO2 v H2O ca H2CO3 Hot ng 2: II/MUI CCBONAT PHN LOI: 1/Phn loi: 2 loi -GV yu cu HS cho VD v cc -HS cho VD: Na2CO3, CaCO3, -cacbonat trung ho gi l mui mui ccbonat Ba(HCO3)2... cacbonat khng cn nguyn t H -HS tr li (c 2 loi) trong thnh phn gc axit . -GV hi: C my loi mui Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 79
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------VD: CaCO3, Na2CO3... ccbonat -Cacbonat axit c gi l mui -GV b sung v kt lun hyrocacbonat c nguyn t H trong thnh phn gc axit VD: Ca(HCO3)2, NaHCO3... Hot ng 3 2/Tnh cht ca mui cacbonat a/Tnh tan: -GV yu cu HS s dng bng -HS da vo bng tnh tan tr -a s mui cacbonat khng tan tnh tan trang 170 v hng dn li(a s mui cacbonat l khng trong nc tr mt s mui HS nghin cu v tnh tan ca tan tr Na2CO3, K2CO3.. cacbonat ca kim loi kim nh mui cacbonat a s mui hyrocacbonat l tan Na2CO3, K2CO3... -Hu ht mui hyrocacbonat tan trong nc nh: Ca(HCO3)2 NaHCO3 b/Tnh cht ho hc: -HS tr li *Tc dng vi axit: -GV t vn t tnh cht chung ca mui , em hy cho bit NaHCO3+HClNaCl+CO2+H2O mui cacbonat c nhng tnh cht Na2CO3+HCl ho hc g? -HS quan st, m t hin tng NaCl+CO2+H2O -Mui cacbonat tc dung vi dd -GV tin hnh TN NaHCO3, v vit PTHH axit mnh hn axit cacbonic to Na2CO3 tc dng vi dd HCl. vi dd Ca(OH)2. thnh mui mi v gii phng K2CO3 Na2CO3vi dd CaCl2 v yu cu kh CO2 HS quan st hin tng v vit *Tc dng vi dd baz: PTHH K2CO3+Ca(OH)2CaCO3(r)+2KOH -Mt s dd mui cacbonat phn -GV b sung v kt lun ng vi dd baz to thnh mui -GV thng bo thm mui cacbonat khng tan v baz cacbonat cn d b phn hu mi . *Ch :Mui hyrocacbonat tc dng vi kim to thnh mui trung ho v nc
NaHCO3+NaOH Na2CO3 + H2O
*Tc dng vi dd mui:

Na2CO3 + CaCl2 CaCO3 +2 NaCl
-DD mui cacbonat c th tc dng vi 1 s dd mui khc to thnh 2 mui mi *Mui cacbonat d b nhit phn hu -Nhiu mui cacbonat(tr cacbonat trung ho ca kim loi kim) d b nhit phn hu gii -HS tr li(sx vi, xi mng...) phng kh CO2 -GV yu cu HS nghin cu sgk CaCO3(r) CaO(r) + CO2(r) v lin h thc t nu ng 2NaHCO3Na2CO3+H2O+CO2 dng ca mui cacbonat 3/ng dng:CaCO3 sn xut -GV b sung v kt lun Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 80
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------vi, ximng,Na2CO3 nu x phng, thu tinh, NaHCO3 c dng lm dc phm, ho cht trong bnh cu ho Hot ng 4:III/Chu trnh ca cacbon trong t nhin -Trong t nhin lun c s GV hng dn HS lm vic vi -HS lm vic vi sgk , quan st H chuyn ho cacbon t dng ny sgk hoc quan st H 3.17 nu ln 3.17 tho lun nhm nu ln chu sang dng khc. S chuyn ho chu trnh ca cacbon trong t trnh ca cacbon trong t nhin ny din ra thng xuyn, lin nhin tc v to thnh chu trnh khp -GV b sung v kt lun. -HS lin h thc t a phng kn -GV nu hin tng ph rng tr li . ca ngi dn a phng c nh hng g n mi trng sinh thi v bin php bo v 4/Tng kt vn dng: -GV tm tt ni dung cn nm trong sgk -HS lm bi tp 3,4 sgk , vi s hng dn ca GV BT3:1/ O2 ,2/ CaO, 3/t0 BT4: a(kh), c(kh),d(CaCO3), e(BaCO3). 5/Dn d:HS v nh lm cc bi tp cn li 1,2,5. Chun b tranh nh mu vt v gm, s, thu tinh, ximng, t st, ct trng.
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Nga son 14/12/10 Tun 20,tit 38 Bi 30: SILIC. CNG NGHIP SILICAT I/MC TIU: 1/Kin thc: HS bit c -Silic l phi kim hot ng ho hc yu (tc dng c vi oxi, khng p trc tip vi hiro). Silic l cht bn dn -SiO2 l cht c nhiu thin nhin , di dng t st, cao lanh, thch anh. SiO2 l 1 oxit axit (tc dng vi kim, mui cacbonat kim loi kim nhit cao). -Mt s ng dng quan trng ca silc, silc ioxit v mui silict. -S lc v thnh phn v cc cng on chnh. sn xut : gm, s, xi mng, thu tinh. 2/K nng: -c thu thp nhng thng tin v silic, silic ioxit, mui silicat, sn xut thu tinh, gm, xi mng. -Vit c cc pthh minh ho cho tnh cht ca Si, SiO2,,,mui silicat. II/CHUN B: GV yu cu HS chun tranh nh, mu vt v gm, thu tinh, xi mng, t st, ct trng. III/TIN TRNH LN LP: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Bi c:GV yu cu HS gii bi tp 1,2 sgk trang 91 3.Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi: Silic l nguyn t ph bin th 2 trong v tri t, ngnh cng nghip lin quan n silic v hp cht ca n gi l cng nghip silicat rt gn gi trong i sng ,chng ta hy nghin cu v silic v ngnh cng nghip ny -GV yu cu HS cho bit KHHH, nguyn t khi silic * Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1 I/Silic Si = 28 Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Silic l cht rn, mu xm, kh -Gv hng dn HS nghin cu sgk -HS nghin cu sgk v tr li nng chy,c v sng ca kim v hi: Cho bit trng thi t nhin (Si chim 1/4 khi lng v loi, dn in km, tinh th silic ca silic. Nhng hp cht chnh ca tri t. t st, cao lanh) tinh khit l cht bn dn silic trong t nhin -Silic l phi kim hot ng ho -GV b sung v kt lun -HS nghin cu v tr li hc yu hn C, Cl2.. -GV yu cu HS nghin cu sgk v nh sgk -Silic tc dng vi oxi nhit hi silic c nhng tnh cht no cao -GV nhn mnh silic l mt phi kim hot ng ho hc yu , tinh th silic Si(r) + O2 (k) SiO2(r) -Silic ch to pin mt tri, nguyn cht l cht bn dn dng lm vt liu bn dn trong k thut in t Hot ng2 I/ SILIC IOXIT SiO2 = 60 SiO2 l 1 oxit axit tc dng vi -GV yu cu HS nghin cu sgk -HS nghin cu sgk v tr li kim v oxit baz to thnh mui -GV nu vn Si l mt phi kim cu hi(l 1 oxit axit tnh silicat nhit cao SiO2 c th c tnh cht g ? cht) SiO2(r)+NaOH(r)Na2SiO3(r)+ H2O(h) -GV b sung v kt lun
SiO2(r)+ CaO(r) CaSiO3(r)
-SiO2 khng phn ng vi nc Hot ng 3: III/ CNG NGHIP SILICAT 1/Sn xut gm s: -GV gii thiu CN silicat
-HS ch lng nghe 82
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------a.Nguyn liu chnh: t st, -GV t chc cho HS trng by cc -HS trng by cc mu vt thch anh, fenpat. mu vt su tm ca mnh theo cc theo nhm(GV yu cu ) b.Cc cng on chnh: nhm: Gm s, x i mng, thy tinh . -Nho t st, thach anh, v -GV yu cu HS tho lun nhm fenpat vi nc ri to hnh, sy theo phiu hc tp vi cc ch -HS tho lun nhm: tm ra kh. (ch mi nhm 1 ch ) ni dung chnh in vo -Nung cc vt trong l nhit phiu hc tp vi 3 ch cao thch hp. 1/Sn xut gm s nh sau: c.C s sn xut: Gm s bt -GV hng dn HS da vo sgk 1/SX gm s trng, Hi dng,ng Nai. hoc lin h thc t tm ra -Nguyn liu chnh 2/Sn xut xi mng: nguyn liu, cht t, cc cng on -Cht t a.Nguyn liu chnh:t st, sn xut, sn phm ca sn xut -Cng on sn xut chnh vi, ct gm -Sn phm b.Cc cng on chnh: 2/Sn xut xi mng:(tng t -Nghin nh hn hp thnh dng phng php nh trn) 2/SX xi mng: bn. 3/Sn xut thu tinh:(tng t pp -Nung hn hp trn trong l quay nh trn) 3/SX thu tinh (lin h thc 0 Ch vi ch XS xi mng GV t ) nhit 1400 1500 C gii thiu hnh v s l quay SX thu c clanhke rn -Nghin clanhke ngui v ph gia clanhke v tm tt s lc v CN silicat sau khi HS tho lun nhm thnh bt mn l xi mng c.C s sn xut xi mng nc ta:Ha Dng, Thanh Ho.Hi Phng, H Nam 3.Sn xut thu tinh: a.Nguyn liu chnh: Cc thch anh(ct trng), vi, sa(Na2CO3) b.Cc cng on chnh: -Trn hn hp theo t l thch hp. -Nung hn hp khong 9000C -Lm ngui t t c thu tinh do, p thi thu tinh do thnh cc vt -Cc PTHH: CaCO3 CaO + CO2 CaO + SiO2 CaSiO3
Na2CO3+ SiO2 Na2SiO3+ CO2
c.Cc c s sn xut chnh: Hi Phng, H Ni, Nng 4/Tng kt v vn dng: -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh v nu tm tt nhng kin thc cn nh . -GV yu cu HS lm bi tp 1,2,3,4 sgk, trang 95 . Sau GV b sung v kt lun 5/Dn d-:V nh hc bi v lm bi tp 30.1 ; 30.2 sbt trang 34 -Nghin cu bi mi:S lc bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc -HS chun b 1 bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 83
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son 15/12/10 Tun 21, tit 39, 40 Bi 31: S LC V BNG TUN HON CC NGUYN T HO HC I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS bit -Nguyn tc sp xp cc nguyn t theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t. -Cu to bng tun hon mi lp 9 gm nguyn t, chu k, nhm. O nguyn t cho bit s hiu nguyn t, KHHH, tn nguyn t, nguyn t khi. - Chu k gm cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron trong nguyn t c xp thnh hng ngang theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t. -Quy lut bin i tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim trong chu k v nhm.Ap dng vi chu k 2,3. nhm I, VII. - ngha ca bng tun hon: S lc v mi lin h gia cu to nguyn t, v tr nguyn t trong bng tun hon v tnh cht ho hc c bn ca nguyn t -Kin thc trng tm: Cu to v ngha ca bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. 2/K nng: HS bit -Quan st bng tun hon, nguyn t c th nhm I v VII, chu k 2,3 rt ra nhn xt v nguyn t , v chu k v nhm. -T cu to nguyn t ca mt s nguyn t in hnh(thuc 20 nguyn t u tin ), d on v tr v tnh cht ho hc c bn ca chng v ngc li. -So snh tnh kim lai hoc tnh phi kim ca mt s nguyn t c th vi cc nguyn t ln cn (trong s 20 nguyn t u tin) II/Chun b: -Bng tun hon , nguyn t phng to, chu k 2,3 phng to, nhm I, VII phng to -S cu to nguyn t ca mt s nguyn t(yu cu HS n li kin thc v cu to nguyn t lp 8) -Phn b bi ging :-tit 1:Phn I v phn II. Tit 2: phn III v phn IV III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Kim tra bi c: a.Hy nu mt s c im ca nguyn t silc v trng thi thin nhin, tnh cht,v ng dng. b.Hy m t s lc cc cng on chnh sn xut gm. 3.Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:Ngy nay ngi ta pht hin khong 110 nguyn t ho hc. Chng c sp xp trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. Cc nguyn t c sp xp trong bng tun hon theo nguyn tc no? Quy lut bin i tnh cht ca chng ra sao? Mi quan h gia v tr ca nguyn t trong bng tun hon vi cu to v tnh cht ca nguyn t ra sao? Chng ta s nghin cu trong bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc -GV treo bng tun hon ...v thng bo tip: chng ta s nghin cu cu to, ngha ca bng tun hon cc NTHH -HS theo di v ch lng nghe *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1: I/ Nguyn tc sp xp cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon Ni dung ghi bng Gio vin Hc sinh -Sp xp theo chiu tng dn ca -GV gii thiu khi qut bng tun -HS ch lng nghe , quan st in tch ht nhn nguyn t hon cc nguyn t, tng nguyn bng TH.. v tr li cu hi t, hng, ct, mu sc trong bng (kim loi l mu xanh, phi -Nm 1869 (Menlep)sp xp 60 kim l hng, kh him l cam nguyn t ly c s l nguyn t khi Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 85
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy nay c 110 nguynt -HS tr li( theo chiu tng nguyn tc sp xp nh th no? dn in tch ht nhn) -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng2: II/ Cu to bng tun hon 1. nguyn t: -GV dng hnh 3.22 gii thiu r -HS quan st theo di v ghi nguyn t cho bit:s hiu tng k hiu quy c . chp nguyn t, KHHH, tn nguyn -GV ly 1 v d trong bng tun -HS tr li cu hi ( nguyn t, nguynt khi ca nguyn t hon yu cu HS ghi r cc ngha t cho bit:s hiu nguyn t, tng k hiu trong KHHH...) -S hiu nguyn t c s tr -GV b sung v kt lun bng s n v in tch ht nhn v bng s electron trong -GV dng bng TH.. hng dn HS -HS quan st bng TH.. nguyn t , s hiu nguynt quan st v c cc v d 1,2,3 ri v c VD ri nhn xt nh trng vi s th t ca nguyn nhn xt sgk (cho bit s hiu NT, t trong bng tun hon -GV b sung v kt lun KHHH..) 2.Chu k:l dy cc nguyn t m nguyn t ca chng c cng s lp electron v c xp theo chiu in tch ht nhn tng dn. -GV ghi 1 nhm nguyn t vo bng -HS theo di, quan st tho -S th t ca chu k bng s ph v yu cu HS cho bit s hiu lun v thc hin cc yu cu lp electron nguyn t , tn, KHHH, s elctron ca GV -Gm 7 chu k, chu k 1,2,3 ngoi cng c gi l chu k nh, chu k 4,5,6,7 c gi l chu k ln -GV b sung v kt lun 3.Nhm :gm cc nguyn t m -GV hi nhm gm nhng nguyn -HS tr li nh sgk (NT ca nguyn t ca chng c s t nh th no ? chng c s electron lp ngoi electron lp ngoi cng bng -GV b sung v kt lun cng bng nhau ..) nhau v do c tnh cht tng t nhau c xp thnh ct theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguynt Hot ng 3: III/ S bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon 1.Trong mt chu k: -GV treo bng ph c ghi ni dung -HS ch quan st bng ph -Theo chiu tng dn ca in mt chu k (chu k 3) v yu cu HS v tr li cu hi (tn nguyn tch ht nhn. cho bit:tn nguyn t, s lp t natri,magi, nhm..., s lp -S electron ngoi cng ca electron, nguyn t no c tnh cht electron tng dn ..Na l kim nguyn t tng dn t 1 n 8 kim loi, phi kim mnh nht loi mnh nht, clo l phi kim electron -GV b sung v kt lun mnh nht )(c th tho lun -Tnh kim loi ca cc nguyn t nhm) gim dn , ng thi tnh phi -Tng t GV hng dn HS nhn -HS nhn xt v rt ra kt lun kim. xt cc chu k cn li ri rt ra kt chung lun chung -GV b sung v kt lun 2.Trong mt nhm:i t trn -GV dng hnh v a 1 nhm -HS theo di quan st tho xung theo chiu tng in tch nguyn t yu cu HS cho bit lun nhm thc hin cc yu ht nhn s lp electron ca (nhm I, VII) s hiu nguyn t, cu ca GV (v d nhm I) Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 86
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nguyn t tng dn. Tnh kim tn, KHHH, s electron ngoi cng, loi ca cc nguyn t tng dn nguyn t no l kim loi ng thi tnh phi kim cc -GV b sung v kt lun nh sgk nguyn t gim dn Hot ng 4: IV/ ngha ca bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc 1.Bit v tr ca nguyn t ta c th suy on cu to nguyn t v tnh cht ca nguyn t : GV dng bng tun hon cc nguyn t khi qut -HS quan st theo di, suy lun, tho lun. theo s V tr n t trong bng tun hoan: , s th t ng t, chu k, nhom. Cu to n t:in tch ht nhan, s electron, s lp electron, s electron ngoai cung.
Tnh cht ng t: -Kim loi/ phi kim. -So sanh tnh kim loi/ phi kim vi cac ng t lan cn . -GV yu cu HS thc hin v d sgk trang 99 -HS quan st bng tun hon .. theo di suy ngh A c s hiu nguyn t 17, chu k 3, nhm VII thc hin nhim v(da vo s ) , trnh by kt qu cu to nguyn t, tnh cht ca nguyn t A -GV hng dn HS da vo s tho lun -HS khc nhn xt -GV yu cu HS nhn xt -GV b sung v kt lun 2/Bit cu to nguyn t ca nguyn t ta c th suy on v tr v tnh cht nguyn t -GV yu cu HS da vo s tho lun v d -HS quan st s , bng tun hon... tho -GV yu cu HS nhn xt lun.v tr li nh sgk -GV b sung v rt ra kt lun -HS nhn xt
4/Tng kt, vn dng: * GV tng kt nhng ni dung chnh cn nm :Nguyn tc sp xp bng tun hon cc nguyn t . Cu to bng tun hon:, chu k, nhm.S bin i tnh cht nguyn t trong chu k, nhm. *GV hng dn vn dng theo s gii BT1,2 5/Dn d: V nh hc bi, lm bi tp 3,4,5,7. -n cc bi tp chng III tit sau luyn tp
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son 10/01/11 Bi 32: LUYN TP CHNG III Tit 41,Tun 22:PHI KIM S LC V BNG TUN HON CC NGUYN T HO HC I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: -Gip HS h thng ho li cc kin thc trong chng nh: tnh cht ca phi kim, tnh cht ca clo,C, Si, CO, CO2, H2CO3, mui cacbonat . -Cu to bng tun hon v s bin i tun hon tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong chu k, nhm v ngha ca bng tun hon . 2/K nng: HS bit -Chn cht thch hp, lp s dy chuyn i gia cc cht, vit PTHH c th. -Bit xy dng s chuyn i gia cc loi cht v c th ho thnh dy chuyn i c th v ngc li. Vit PTHH biu din s chuyn i . -Bit vn dng bng tun hon. -Bi ton xc nh nguyn t hoc cng thc hp cht, ton dd . II/Chun b: bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: 3.Bi mi: -Gii thiu bi: chng ta hc chng III v phi kim v s lc v h thng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc. Chng ta s h thng li nhng kin thc quan trng trong chng v vn dng chng. -Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1: I/Cc kin thc cn nh v phi kim Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1.Tnh cht ho hc ca phi kim: -GV s dng bng tun hon -HS da vo bng tun hon va -PK tc dng vi kim loi khi qut v tr, s lng cc quan st va lng nghe -PK tc dng vi H2 nguyn t phi kim trong bng -PK tc dng vi O2 -GV yu cu HS nghin cu s -HS quan st s 1sgk ,da 1 sgk trang 102 v nu tnh vo kin thc hc tho lun cht ho hc ca phi kim v trnh by khi qut(PK+ KL, 2.Tnh cht ho hc ca mt s -GV b sung v kt lun PK+ H2,PK+ O2) phi kim c th: -GV yu cu HS nghin cu s -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV l a.Tnh cht ho hc ca clo 2 sgk trang 102 v nu tnh nu tnh cht ho hc ca clo -Clo tc dng vi H2 cht ho hc ca clo (Cl2+ H2O, Cl2 + H2, Cl2 + KL, -Clo tc dng vi kim loi -GV b sung v kt lun Cl2 + dd NaOH) -Clo tc dng vi dd NaOH -Clo tc dng vi nc b.Tnh cht ho hc ca cc bon -GV yu cu HS quan st s 3 -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV, v hp cht ca ccbon: sgk trang103 v nu tnh cht ca nu tnh cht ho hc v vit -C tc dng vi oxi C v hp cht ca C ccPTHH xy ra ca Cv h/c C -C tc dng vi CO2 -GV b sung v kt lun (C + O2, C+CO2, CO2+ CaO...) -CO2 tc dng vi CaO Ch :c th ni dung bi ghi -CO2 tc dng vi NaOH GV chun b bng ph v c -CO2 tc dng vi C trnh by sau khi HS tr li -CO tc dng vi O2 ni dung ca tng s Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 88
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------CaCO3 b nhit phn -Na2CO3 tc dng vi HCl 3. Bng tun hon cc nguyn t ho hc : -Gv yu cu HS dng bng tun -HS da vo bng tun hon a.Cu to bng tun hon : hon nu cu to bng tun tr li cu hi ( nguyn t, chu - nguyn t, chu k, nhm. hon k nhm) b.S bin i tnh cht ca cc -GV b sung v kt lun nguyn t trong bng tun hon -GV yu cu HS nu s bin i -HS tr li(trong 1 chu k tnh tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong kim loi gim dn, tnh phi kim c. ngha ca bng tun hon 1chu k v trong 1 nhm tng dn ...) (xem sgk trang 99,100) -GV b sung v kt lun -GV yu cu HS nu ngha ca -HS tr li (gm 2 ngha nh bng tun hon trang 99,100.) -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng2:II/ Bi tp BT1 -GV yu cu HS tho lun nhm -HS tho lun nhm da vo s thc hin BT s1 sgk trang 1 hon thnh BT1 1. S + H2 H2S 103 2 .S + Fe FeS -GV yu cu i din nhm tr -i din nhm tr li 3. S + O2 SO2 li -i din nhm khc b sung -GV b sung v kt lun -GV yu cu cc nhm HS da -Cc nhm HS lm theo yu cu BT2 vo s 2 hon thnh BT2 ca GV 1.Cl2 + H2 2HCl (phng php nh bi tp1) 2.Cl + Na 2NaCl
2
3.Cl2 + NaOH NaCl+NaClO+ H2O
4. Cl2 + H2O HCl+ HclO BT4: Nguyn t A c -S hiu nguyn t 11 nn in tch ht nhn ca nguyn t A bng 17, c 17 electron. -Nguyn t A chu k 3, nhm I, nn nguyn t A c 3 lp electron, lp ngoi cng c 1 electron -Nguyn t A u chu k 3 nn A l kim loi hot ng mnh. -Tnh kim loi ca A(Na) yu hn nguyn t ng di s hiu nguyn t 19 l K v mnh hn nguyn t ng trn c s hiu nguyn t 3 l Li v mnh hn nguyn t ng bn c s hiu nguyn t 12 l Mg BT6:nMnO2 = 69,6: 87= 0,8 mol 500ml= 0,5l -S mol ca NaOH= 0,5 x 4= 2 mol
-BT4:GV yu cu HS tm tt bi v tho lun tm ra kt qu -GV hng dn HS t s hiu nguyn t tm s in tch ht nhn v s e . T chu k 3 s lp, nhm I s e ngoi cng tnh cht c trng -GV b sung v kt lun
-HS tr li(nguyn t A c Z= 11, chu k 3, nhmI .Tm cu to nguyn t -HS tho lun di s hng dn ca GV -i din nhm tr li -Nhm khc b sung
-GV yu cu HS tm tt bi . - GV hng dn HS vit cc PTHH, tm kh X, cc cht c trong dd A v cc cng thc cn s dng trong bi ton ny -GV yu cu i din nhm trnh by -GV b sung v kt lun
-HS tr li: bit mMnO2=69,6g, Vdd = 500ml,CM= 4M -Tm CM ca dd A -HS gii BT di s hng dn ca GV - i din nhm trnh by 89
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PTHH: -nhm khc b sung
MnO2+4 HCl MnCl2+ Cl2+2H2O(1)
1mol 0,8mol
1mol 0,8mol
Cl2+2NaOHNaCl +NaClO+H2O(2)
1mol 2mol 1mol 1mol 0,8mol 1,6mol 0,8mol 0,8mol NaOH d 0,4mol CM NaCl = 0,8 : 0,5= 1,6M CMnaClO =0,8 : 0,5 = 1,6M CMnaOH = 0,4: 0,5 = 0,8M 4/Tng kt, dn d: -GV khi qut li ni dung chnh ca tit luyn tp :tnh cht ca phi kim, ngha ca bng tun hon, pp gii 1 bi ton dd -Dn d:v nh lm cc BT 3,4,5. n tp v chun b ni dung cho gi thc hnh , k trc bng tng trnh
90
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy 12/01/11 Ba 33: THC HNH: Tun 22, tit 42 TNH CHT HO HC CA PHI KIM V HP CHT CA CHNG I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c: Mc ch cc bc tin hnh, k thut thc hin cc th nghim. -Cacbon kh CuO nhit cao. (KTTT) -Nhit phn mui NaHCO3 (KTTT) -Nhn bit mui cacbonat v mui clorua c th (KTTT) 2/K nng: -S dng dng c v ho cht tin hnh an ton, thnh cng cc th nghim trn. -Quan st, m t, gii thch hin tng th nghim v vit c cc pthh. -Vit tng trnh th nghim. 3/Thi :Rn luyn thc nghim tc, cn thn trong hc tp, thc hnh ho hc II/Chun b: 1.Dng c: ng nghim, n cn, gi TN, mung ly ho cht rn, gi st TN, chi ra, ng nghim c lp ng dn kh, ng ht nh git, kp ng nghim. 2.Ho cht: hn hp CuO v C (mt lng bng ht ng), NaCl 1/4 tha nh, dd nc vi trong 6ml NaHCO3 1 tha nh, CaCO3 1/4 tha nh 3.HS n tp tnh cht ho hc ca phi kim, ca C, ca CO2, ca mui ccbonat 4.Chun b phiu hc tp: -Phiu s 1:vit PTHH biu din tnh cht ho hc ca C v mt s hp cht ca chng theo s C CO2 NaHCO3 CO2 Na2CO3 CO2 -Phiu s 2: c 4 l khng nhn ng ring bit 4 ho cht sau NaCl, NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3. Hy lp s nhn bit lm TN nhn bit mi cht trong cc l trn III/Tin trnh dy hc: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c:+GV dng phiu s 1 yu cu cc nhm thc hin cc nhim v trong phiu(ch sau khi HS tr li GV b sung v nhn xt nht l cc phn ng t CO2 Na2CO3, CO2 NaHCO3 v mui Na2CO3 khng b nhit phn, NaHCO3 b nhit phn ) 3.Bi mi: *Cc hot ng dy v hc : Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh 1/GV yu cu hs bo co vic chun b bi thc -i din nhm hs bo co: hnh nh Mc tiu ca bi thc hnh: HS tin hnh TN v tnh cht ho hc ca phi kim v hp cht ca chng. Gip cng c kin thc tc dng ca ccbon kh CuO nhit cao, nhit phn mui NaHCO3, nhn bit mui cacbonat v mui clorua - Cch tin hnh 3 TN: Nh ni dung sgk - lu : TN1: Bt CuO c bo quan trong l kn kh, than mi iu ch c nghin nh, sy kh TN2: y nt ng nghim tht kn TN3: S dng HCl phi ht sc cn thn Nhm HS khc lng nghe v b sung, hon thin -Nhm HS thc hin TN ng lot -GV nhn xt nh gi hon thin 1.TN1: Cacbon kh CuO nhit cao Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 91
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2/GV yu cu cc nhm tin hnh Tn theo ccbc 2. TN2: Nhit phn mui NaHCO3 nh ni dung sgk 3. TN3: Nhn bit mui cacbonat v mui clorua -GV ti cc nhm quan st nhn xt v hng dn iu chnh kp thi cch tin hnh hoc hot ng ca nhm (nu cn) -Nhm HS m t, nhm trng tng kt, th k ghi 3/GV yu cu HS ghi chp kt qu TN: chp: TN1: Cacbon kh CuO nhit cao Hin tng: Hn hp cht rn trong ng nghim chuyn t mu en sang mu , kh sc vo lm cho dd Ca(OH)2 vn c trng v c cc phn ng -C + 2CuO CO2 + 2Cu - CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O TN2: Nhit phn mui NaHCO3 Bt kh c to thnh i qua ng dn sc vo dd Ca(OH)2 lm cho dd vn c v c cc p - NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2 -CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O TN3: Nhn bit mui ccbont v mui clorua: -Ly 1 tha nh mi cht cho vo cc ng nghim. Dng ng nh git nh vo mi l chng 1-2ml dd HCl. Nu ng nghim no vn trong sut, khng c bt kh bay ln, ng nghim ng NaCl, 2 ng nghim c bt kh bay ln ng Na2CO3 v CaCO3 -Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + H2O + CO2 -CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 Ly 2 mu cn li (Na2CO3 v CaCO3), dng ng nh git cho vo mi ng nghim 2-3ml nc ct, lc nh ho cht trong ng nghim no khng tan th l ng CaCO3, l kia ng Na2CO3 -Mi HS vit tng trnh ngay sau bui thc hnh hoc v nh gm cc ni dung : TN, hin tng, 4/GV yu cu mi HS ghi kt qu vo tng trnh gii thch v vit PTHH TN theo mu -Nhm HS phn cng Thu gom ho cht d sau TN v ra dng c TN 5/Gv yu cu cc nhm HS v sinh Lau bn sch s v dng c ng ni quy nh
6/GV nhn xt nh gi tit thc hnh v thao tc, chun b, an ton, k lut, v sinh 5/Dn d: xem chng IV, bi 34 Khi nim v hp cht hu c v ho hc hu c
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:18/01/11 Tun23, tit 43: Bi 34: KHI NIM V HP CHT HU C V HO HC HU C I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc:-Hiu c th no l hp cht hu c v ho hc hu c (KTTT) .-Nm c cch phn loi cc hp cht hu c (KTTT) .-Cng thc phn t, cng thc cu to v ngha ca n. 2/K nng: -Phn bit c cc cht hu c hay cc cht v c theo CTPT.-Quan st TN, rt ra KL .-Tnh phn trm cc nguyn t trong mt hp cht hu c. -Lp c CTPT hp cht hu c da vo thnh phn phn trm cc nguyn t II/ Chun b: -Tranh mu v cc loi thc n , hoa qu.. -Ho cht lm TN: bng, nn, nc vi trong -Dng c:cc thu tinh, ng nghim, a thu tinh. III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: 3.Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi: T thi c i con ngi bit s dng v ch bin cc loi hp cht hu c c trong thin nhin phc v cho cuc sng ca mnh. Vy hu c l g?ho hc hu c l g?bi hc hm nay gip cc em tr li c cu hi ny? *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1:KHI NIM V HP CHT HU C Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1.Hp cht hu c c u: -GV yu cu HS quan st hnh -HS quan st h4.1 v tr li cu Hp cht hu c c trong hu 4.1 v hi hp cht hu c c hi (lng thc, thc phm..) ht cc loi lng thc, thc u? phm, dng v ngay trong c -GV b sung v kt lun th chng ta 2.hp cht hu c l g? -GV yu cu HS c TN sgk -HS c TN Hp cht hu c l hp cht ca -GV lm TN v yu cu HS theo -HS quan st TN v nhn xt C di quan st v rt ra nhn xt (nc vi trong b vn c ) -GV nu tng t nh t cn , nn ... --> CO2 -GV hi hp cht hu c l hp cht ca nguyn t no ? -HS tr li (C) -GV b sung v kt lun -GV thng bo thm tr 1 s hp cht ca cc bon nhCO2, CO... -HS ch lng nghe -GV a ra 1 s cng thc CH4, 3.Cc hp cht hu c c C2H6O, C2H4, C2H6, CH3Cl.. yu phn loi nh th no? cu HS nhn xt thnh phn cc -HS nhn xt(C, H, O, Cl..) -hyr ccbon CH4, C2H4, C6H6 nguyn t -Dn xut hyrcacbon :C2H6O -GV nhn xt v b sung CH3Cl. IV/Tng kt bi hc bi tp vn dng: -Tng kt bi hc GV nhn mnh cho HS cn nm vng nhng kin thc trng tm ca bi :khi nim v hp cht hu c , phn loi cc hp cht hu c. Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 93
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GV yu cu HS c phn em c bit .-GV yu cu HS lm BT sgk 1,2,3,4. BT1: , BT2:c ,BT3,4 GV hng dn HS v nh V/Dn d: Hc bi c v nghin cu bi: Cu to phn t hp cht hu c Ngy son:24/01/11 Tun 23, tit 44. Bi 35: CU TO PHN T HP CHT HU C I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc:Bit c -c im cu to phn t hp cht hu c, CTCT hp cht hu c v ngha ca n. (KTTT) 2/K nng: -Quan st m hnh cu to phn t, rt ra c c im cu to phn t hp cht hu c -Vit c mt s CTCT mch h, mch vng, ca 1 s cht hu c n gin (< 4C) khi bit CTPT II/Chun b: -Dng c: Tranh v CTCT phn t ru etylic, imeylete -B d/ c lp m hnh pt gm c cc qu cu C, H, O. Cc thanh ni tng trng cho cc ho tr III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: GV yu cu HS gii BT 1,2,6. 3.Bi mi: * Gii thiu bi: Cc em bit hp cht hu c l nhng hp cht ca C vy ho tr v lin kt gia cc nguyn t trong phn t cc HCHC nh th no? CTCT ca cc HCHC cho bit iu g? Hm nay cc em s c nghin cu *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1:I/ C IM CU TO PHN T HP CHT HU C Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1.Ho tr v lin kt gia cc -GV yu cu HS tnh ho tr ca -HS tr li:C(IV), H(I), nguyn t : C,H,O trong cc hp cht CO2, H2O, O(II). -Trong HCHC ccbon lun c ho -GV thng bo cc nguyn t trn tr (IV), H(I), O(II). trong HCHC cng c ho tr nh -Cc nguyn t lin kt vi nhau vy theo ng ho tr ca chng -GV dng que nha biu din -Mi lin kt c biu din bng n v ho tr v hng dn cc -HS tho lun nhm v lp mt nt gch ni gia 2 nguyn t nhm lp ghp m hnh CH4, CH4O. ghp m hnh VD:sgk trang 109 -GV yu cu HS nhn xt ng sai v ch ra im sai l g? -GV yu cu HS nhn xt c bao -HS nhn xt nhiu c bao nhiu cch lp ghp -HS tr li(ch c 1 cch khc nhau trt t sp xp -GV yu cu HS nhc li ho tr ca lp ghp, nguyn t c 2.Mch cacbon: sp xp theo 1 trt t ) cc nguyn t trong HCHC -Nhng nt C trong pt hp cht -GV cho HS biu din lin kt cc -HS tr li hu c c th lin kt trc tip vi nguyn t trong phn t CH3Cl, nhau to thnh mch C -HS tr li CH3Br. -C 3 loi mch C: Mch thng, -GV b sung v kt lun mch nhnh, mch vng. -GV yu cu HS tnh ho tr ca C -VD: sgk trang 110 trong C2H6, C3H8 -GV nu tnh hung -HS c th tr li:III, 8/3, Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 94
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------C(IV)hng dn HS biu din IV. -HS tho lun nhm lp lin kt trong phn t C2H6 -GV yu cu HS nhn xt m hnh ghp phn t C2H6 ng sai v ch ra ho tr nhn xt -HS nhn xt v ch ra ho v lin kt ca C -GV yu cu HS biu din cc lin tr ca cc NT (C - C) mch C kt trong phn t C4H10 -GV nhn xt v hi mch C chia -HS c th ch ra pt 1 hoc 2 hay 3(sgk) lm my loi -HS tr li -GV nhn xt v kt lun Hot ng 2: Trt t lin kt gia cc nguyn t trong phn t : 3.Trt t lin kt gia cc nt trong -GV yu cu HS biu din lin kt phn t : trong phn t C2H6O -Mi HCHC c mt trt t lin kt -GV ngh HS nhn xt s khc xc nh gia cc nt trong pt nhau v lin kt -GV nhn mnh y l nguyn nhn lm ru etylic c tnh cht khc vi imetylete , t GV yu cu HS i n kt lun Hot ng 3: CNG THC CU TO -Cng thc biu din y lin -GV s dng tt c cc cng thc kt gia cc nt trong pt gi l biu din trn CTCT v hi CTCT vy CTCT l g? H -GV hng dn HS vit CTCT H - C - H vit gn CH4 C2H6O. v yu cu gi tn cht H -GV ch ra CTCT ca ru etylic v CTCT ca ru etylic rt ra nhn xt
H H H - C C O H CH3 CH2 OH H H
-HS tr li -HS nhn xt (C C), (C O C) -HS kt lun
-HS tr li -HS c th gi khng c
-CTCT cho bit thnh phn ca phn t v trt t lin kt gia cc nt trong pt 4/Tng kt v vn dng : -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh , em c bit -GV yu cu HS gii BT sgk di s hng dn ca GV 1.a sai v C(V), O(I) , b sai v C(II), Cl(II), c sai v C(V) , H(II) 2.Vit CTCT CH3Br 5/Dn d: hc bi c, lm cc bi tp cn li, nghin cu bi CH4
95
Ngy son:26/01/11 Tun 24, tit 45
Bi 36 M TAN Cng thc phn t: CH4 . Phn t khi : 16
I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c -CTPT, CTCT, c im cu to ca mtan -Tnh cht vt l: Trng thi, mu sc, tnh tan trong nc, t khi so vi khng kh -Tnh cht ho hc ca CH4: tc dng c vi clo (p th), vi oxi (p chy). -Mtan c dng lm nhin liu v nguyn liu trong i sng v sn xut 2/K nng: -Quan st TN, hin tng thc t, hnh nh TN rt ra nhn xt -Vit c PTHH dng CTPT v dng CTCT thu gn -Phn bit kh m tan vi 1 vi kh khc, tnh phn trm kh mtan trong hn hp. 3/Trng tm: -Cu to v tnh cht ho hc ca mtan. HS cn bit do phn t mtan ch cha cc lin kt n nn p c trng ca mtan l p th II/Chun b: -Ho cht:bnh cha kh mtan, dd Ca(OH)2, ng nghim cha kh clo -Dng c:ng thu tinh, tranh v m hnh phn t CH4(H4.4), m hnh pt CH4 bng cc qu cu III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh : 2.Bi c: GV yu cu HS gii BT 1,2,3 sgk 3/Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:Mtan l mt trong nhng ngun nhin liu quan trng cho i sng v cho cng nghip.Vy mtan c cu to, tnh cht v ng dng nh th no? Hm nay cc em s c nghin cu *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1: TRNG THI T NHIN, TNH CHT VT L Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Trong t nhin mtan c trong -GV yu cu HS nghin cu sgk -HS tr li nh sgk m kh thin nhin, m du, m v cho bit trong t nhin CH4 than, trong bn ao. tn ti u ? -Mtan l cht kh,khng mu, -GV cho HS quan st l ng kh -HS nhn xt trng thi mu sc, khng mi, nh hn khng kh mtan(nu c) , xem tranh v b mi, tnh tan. rt t tan trong nc. dng c iu ch v thu kh -GV kt lun Hot ng 2: CU TO PHN T H -GV yu cu HS lp m hnh pt -HS lp rp, vit CTCT v nhn mtan, vit CTCT, nhn xt xt CTCT ca mtan H C H -GV hng dn cho HS xem m hnh pt CH4(H4.4) -HS quan st H -Gia nt C v nt H ch c 1 lin kt nhng lin kt nh vy gi l lin kt n Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 96
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ta thy trong pt mtan c 4 lin kt n Hot ng 3: III/TNH CHT HO HC 1/Tc dng vi oxi: -GV biu din TN t chy kh -HS quan st v tr li cu hi Mtan chy to thnh kh mtan nh trong sgk yu cu HS cacbonioxit v hi nc quan st nu hin tng gii thch CH4(k)+O2(k)CO2(k)+ 2H2O(h) (nu c) 2/Tc dng vi clo: -GV b sung phn ng to nhit , -HS ch lng nghe -Mtan tc dng vi clo khi hn hp 1V CH4 v 2V O2 l hn c nh sng hp n mnh (ch PTHH vit theo dng cu -GV biu din TN nh trong sgk -HS nhn xt hin tng , gii to xem sgk) (nu c) thch v vit PTHH -Vit gn: -GV hng dn cch c tn sn -HS c tn sn phm v so phm v thng bo cho HS bit snh cc loi phn ng th CH4 +Cl2 a / sng CH3Cl + HCl phn ng th l g?yu cu HS so Zn+ 2HCl ZnCl2 + H2(c) -CH3Cl metylclorua -trong phn ng trn, nt H ca snh phn ng th ca kim loi CH4 +Cl2CH3Cl +HCl(hc) mtan c thay th 4 nt clo, v vi axit vy phn ng trn c gi l phn ng th Hot ng 4: NG DNG -Lm nhin liu trong i sng -GV cho HS tm tt sgk, nu 1 s -HS tm tt sgk v tr li cu v sn xut. ng dng, hoc c th a ra s hi . -Lm nguyn liu iu ch H2 ng dng ca mtan -iu ch bt than v nhiu cht -GV b sung v kt lun khc. 4/Tng kt v vn dng: -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh, tm tt ni dung kin thc c bn v c phn em c bit -GV yu cu v hng dn HS lm BT sgk 1,4. BT1:CH4 v O2, H2 v O2, H2 v Cl2, CH4 v Cl2 BT4:Qua dd Ca(OH)2, CaCO3 + HCl 5/Dn d: -Hc bi c, lm cc bi tp cn li v nghin cu bi mi:TYLEN
97
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son: 1/02/11 Bi 37 ETILEN Tun 24, tit 46 Cng thc phn t C2H4 phn t khi 28 I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c: -CTPT, CTCT, c im cu to ca tilen -Tnh cht vt l: Trng thi, mu sc, tnh tan trong nc, t khi so vi khng kh -Tnh cht ho hc ca C2H4: Phn ng cng vi dd Br2, p trng hp to PE, p chy. -Etylen c dng lm nguyn liu iu ch nha PE, ancol (ru) etylic, axit axetic. 2/K nng: -Quan st TN, hin tng thc t, hnh nh TN rt ra nhn xt v cu to v tnh cht etylen. -Vit c PTHH dng CTPT v dng CTCT thu gn -Phn bit kh etylen vi kh m tan , tnh phn trm kh tilen trong hn hp kh hoc th tch kh tham gia phn ng ktc. 3/Trng tm: -Cu to v tnh cht ho hc ca etilen. HS cn bit do phn t etilen c cha 1 lin kt i trong c 1 lin kt km bn nn c p c trng l p cng v p trng hp (thc cht l l 1 kiu p cng lin tip nhiu phn t etilen. II/Chun b:-2 ng nghim ng kh etilen , 1 l ng dd brm trong nc c ng ht lm nt y -M hnh mu vt lp rp phn t III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: a.Nu tnh cht vt l, vit CTCT v ng dng ca mtan b.Nu tnh cht ho hc v vit PTP minh ho ca mtan 3.Bi mi:*Gii thiu bi:etilen l nguyn liu iu ch polietilen dng trong cng nghip cht do. Ta hy tm cng thc, tnh cht v ng dng ca etilen *Cc hot ng dy v hc Hot ng 1:TNH CHT VT L Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Etilen l cht kh, khng mu, -GV cho HS xem tranh ve b -HS quan st v tr li cu hi khng mi, t tan trong nc, nh dng c iu ch kh etilen t HS rt ra c mt s tnh cht 28 hn khng kh (d= ) vt l ca etilen 29 -GV yu cu HS so snh etilen -HS da vo vo vi khng kh d = MC2H4/M kk -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng2:CU TO PHN T CTCT ca etilen -GV yu cu HS lp m hnh -HS lp m hnh v quan st H-C=C-H vit gn CH2=CH2 CTCT phn t ca etilen v nhn xt(gia 2 nt C c 2 lin nhn xt kt n) HH -GV b sung v kt lun v lin Gia 2 nt C c 2 lin kt, nhng kt (C = C ) lin kt nh vy gi l lin kt -GV cho HS quan st tranh, m -HS quan st tranh, m hnh v i. hnh v yu cu HS vit CTCT vit CTCT -Trong lin kt i c mt lin -Gv nhn xt, b sung. kt km bn , lin kt ny d b t ra trong cc phn ng ho Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 98
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------hc Hot ng 3:III/TNH CHT HO HC 1.Etilen c chy khng? -GV t vn C2H4 tng t -Khi t etilen chy to thnh nh CH4 em hy d on C2H4 CO2, hi nc vg to nhiu nhit c chy khng v sn phm l g? C2H4 +3 O2 2 CO2 + 2H2O 2.Etilen c lm mt mu dd brm -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH -GV lm TN biu din yu cu khng (ch dng ptp dng trin khai HS quan st dd nc Br2 trc v sau khi lm TN(nu c) xem sgk) CH2 = CH2 + Br2 Br- CH2- CH2 - Br -GV thng bo sn phm ta (k) (dd) ibrmetan (l) thnh l 1 cht duy nht v yu -Ngoi ra etilen cn c p cng cu HS vit PTHH vi 1 s cht khc nh H2, Cl2. -GV hi nguyn nhn no lm -Nhn chung cc cht c lin kt cho etilen c p cng i (tng t nh etilen) d tham -GV yu cu HS vit PTP gia p cng cng CH3-CH2 = CH2 vi brm 3.Cc phn t etilen c kt hp c vi nhau khng?
...+ CH2 = CH2 + CH2 = CH2 + CH2 = CH2 +... t - CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 CH2 - ...
-HS suy ngh tr li
-HS vit PTHH -HS nhn xt (brm p vi C2H4 ) -HS vit PTHH -HS tr li(do lin kt =)
-Cc pt etilen kt hp vi nhau to thnh pt c kch thc v khi lng rt ln gi l polietilen (PE) -P trn gi l p trng hp Hot ng 4: NG DNG -Etilen dng iu ch PE, PVC, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, kch thch qu mau chn, i cloetan
-HS vit PTP v nhn xt (cc cht c lin kt i d tham gia p cng ) -GV yu cu HS nhn xt -HS nhn xt(ging l p chy, TCHH ging v khc nhau gia khc l p th , p cng) C2H4 v CH4 -GV thng bo C2H4 cn c p -HS ch lng nghe no khc v xem gia pt C2H4 c kt hp vi nhau khng , GV gii thiu ngi ta tin hnh TN ...PE -GV gii thch p trng hp v kt lun -GV thng bo tnh cht ca PE
-GV yu cu HS c sgk cho bit -HS xem s v nu ng dng ng dng ca etilen trong i sng (cho HS xem s nh sgk ) -GV b sung v kt lun 4/Tng kt v vn dng:-GV tng kt bi hc theo s Etilen Tnh cht vt l Tnh cht ho hc ng dng -Bi tp vn dng :GV hng dn HS gii BT2 ,4 sgk trang 119 5/Dn d: hc bi c, nghin cu bi Axetilen v lm cc bi tp cn li
99
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:14/02/11 Tun 25, tit 47 Bi 38
AXETILEN Cng thc phn t: C2H2 Phn t khi: 26
I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c: -CTPT, CTCT, c im cu to ca axtilen -Tnh cht vt l: Trng thi, mu sc, tnh tan trong nc, t khi so vi khng kh -Tnh cht ho hc ca C2H2: Phn ng cng vi dd Br2, p chy. -axetylen c dng lm nhin liu v nguyn liu trong cng nghip. 2/K nng: -Quan st TN, hin tng thc t, hnh nh TN rt ra nhn xt v cu to v tnh cht axetylen. -Vit c PTHH dng CTPT v dng CTCT thu gn -Phn bit kh axetylen vi kh m tan bng pp ho hc , -Tnh phn trm kh axtilen trong hn hp kh hoc th tch kh tham gia phn ng ktc. 3/Trng tm: -Cu to v tnh cht ho hc ca axetilen. HS cn bit do phn t axxetilen c cha 1 lin kt ba trong c 2 lin kt km bn nn c p c trng l p cng II/Chun b: -M hnh phn t C2H2, tranh v cc sn phm ng dng ca C2H2 -t n, nc, dd brm.-Bnh cu phu chit, chu thu tinh, ng dn kh, bnh thu kh III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: a.Vit CTPT, CTCT, nu c im lin kt, tnh cht ho hc c trngca mtan v etilen (vit PTHH minh ho) b. Hy in du x vo cc p n ng cc cht c lin kt i c p c trng sau A. Phn ng th ; B. Phn ng cng ; C.Phn ng trng hp ; D.Phn ng chy 3 Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:T hot ng kim tra bi c GV t vn vo bi *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1: TNH CHT VT L V CNG THC CU TO Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh I/Tnh cht vt l: -GV cho HS quan st l cha kh -HS quan st -Cht kh khng mu, khng mi, C2H2 v H.49 (nu c) t tan trong nc, nh hn khng -GV yu cu HS nu mt s -HS tr li(kh, khng mu ...) TCVL 26 kh (d = ) -GV thng bo thm C2H2 khng 29 mi nhng iu ch t CaC2 th c mi kh chu II/Cng thc cu to: -GV yu cu HS so snh CTPT -HS so snh (s nt H) -CTCT ca axetilen C2H4 v C2H2 t nu s khc HCCH nhau v thnh phn pt ca 2 Vit gn CH CH -Trong pt C2H2 c lin kt ba cht ( C C ). C 2 lin kt km bn -GV cho HS xp m hnh pt -HS xp m hnh, nu nhn xt, Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 100
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------d t ln lc trong cc p ho C2H2 v nu nhn xt vit CTCT hc -GV yu cu HS so snh CTCT -HS tr li C2H4 c lin kt i, ca C2H4 v C2H2 trong CTCT C2H2 khng c () -GV thng bo cho HS bit khi nim v c im ca lin kt ba . Hot ng 2 : III/TNH CHT HO HC: 1/C2H2 c chy khng? -GV yu cu HS da vo thnh -HS d on (p chy v c C, H) -Khi chy C2H2 to thnh CO2 v phn d on tnh cht -HS tr li (CO2 v H2O) v quan H2O p to nhit -GV yu cu HS d on sn st TN phm, sau GV lm TN -HS d on(lm mt mu dd 2C2H2 + 5O2 4CO2 + 2H2O kim chng (nu c) Br2) 2/C2H2 c lm mt mu dd Br2 -GV yu cu HS da vo cu to - HS ch quan st d on khng ? -GV lm TN chng minh d -HS ch lng nghe -C2H2 lm mt mu dd brm CH CH(k) + Br Br (dd)da cam on ca HS (nu c) Br CH = CH Br (l) khng mu -GV thng bo trong iu kin -Sn phm sinh ra c lin kt i thch hp C2H2 cng c p cng trong pt nn c th ccng tip vi vi H2 v mt s cht khc 1 pt Br2 na (ch GV tin hnh 2 TN cng Br CH = CH Br(l) + Br Br(dd) Br CH CHBr (l) 1 lc nu c) -Trong iu kin thch hp C2H2 cng c p cng vi H2 v mt s cht khc Hot ng 3 NG DNG V IU CH IV/ng dng: -GV cho HS c sgk v da vo -HS c sgk v nu ng dng -Nhin liu trong n x oxi- hiu bit thc t nu mt s ng axetilen, l nguyn liu sn dng ca C2H2 xut PVC, cao su, axit axtic v -GV hng dn HS quan st -HS quan st H4.12 v tr li cu nhiu ho cht khc H4.12 sgk v yu cu HS m t hi (nguyn liu iu ch C2H2 V/iu ch: qu trnh hot ng ca thit b t CaC2 v nc ,NaOH l loi -Cho CaC2 p vi nc gii thch vai tr ca bnh ng b tp cht kh v vit PTHH NaOH v vit PTHH CaC2 + 2H2O C2H2 + Ca(OH)2 -Phng php hin i l nhit -GV thng bo pp hin i iu phn CH4 nhit cao ch C2H2 hin nay -GV b sung v kt lun 4/Tng kt bi hc v bi tp vn dng: -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh -GV pht phiu hc tp cho HS (nhm) C lin kt C lin kt Lm mt C phn ng C phn ng C p trng (=) () mu dd Br2 th chy hp -M tan -Etilen -Axetilen 5/Dn d: Hc k bi, lm bi tp 1,2,4,5 sgk v nghin cu bi benzen
2 2
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Ngy son:16/02/11 Tun 25,tit 48
BEN ZEN Cng thc phn t:C6H6 Phn t khi 78
I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c: -CTPT, CTCT, c im cu to ca benzen -Tnh cht vt l: Trng thi, mu sc, tnh tan trong nc, khi lng ring, nhit si, c tnh -Tnh cht ho hc ca C6H6: Phn ng th vi Br2 lng (c bt st, un nng), p chy, p cng hiro v clo. -benzen c dng lm nhin liu v dung mi trong tng hp hu c . 2/K nng: -Quan st TN, m hnh phn t, hnh nh TN, mu vt, rt ra c c im v cu to pt v tnh cht -Vit c PTHH dng CTPT v dng CTCT thu gn -Tnh c khi lng benzen p to thnh sn phm trong p th theo hiu sut . 3/Trng tm: -Cu to v tnh cht ho hc ca benzen. HS cn bit do phn t benzen c cu to vng su cnh u trong c 3 lin kt n C C lun phin xen k vi 3 lin kt i C = C c bit nn benzen va c kh nng cng , va c kh nng th (tnh thm). II/Chun b: -Tranh v m t TN p ca benzen vi brm , ng nghim. -Benzen, du n, dd brm, nc. III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: 3.Bi mi: *GV gii thiu mc tiu ca bi hc nh sgk trang 123 *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1: TNH CHT VT L CU TO PHN T Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1.Tnh cht vt l: -GV cho HS quan st ng -HS quan st TN nu hin tng -Cht lng, khng mu, khng nghim ng benzen tin hnh v nhn xt tnh cht vt l ca tan trong nc, nh hn nc, TN 1,2 sgk (H4.13) benzen ho tan nhiu cht nhiu cht nh -GV thng bo cho HS bit -HS nhn xt da vo CTCT (3 du n, nn cao su, it CTCT ca benzen(nh sgk) yu lin kt i v 3 lin kt n xen -Benzen c cu HS nhn xt lin kt gia k vi nhau) 2.Cu to phn t: cc nt trong hp cht -GV b sung v nhn mnh CTCT ca benzen c 6 cnh mch vng -GV cho HS xem m hnh hoc -HS quan st m hnh hoc xem -Trong CTCT ca benzen c 3 xem H4.14 sgk H4.14 sgk lin kt i v 3 lin kt n xen k nhau Hot ng 2: II/TNH CHT HO HC Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 102
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1.Benzen c chy khng? -GV ngh HS so snh thnh -HS d on TCHH ca benzen -Benzen d chy to ra CO2 v phn pt, CTCT ca CH4, C2H4 (ben zen tham gia p chy (C-H), nc C6H6 t cho HS d on p th (lk -), p cng (lk i) TCHH ca benzen -HS vit PT p chy 2C6H6 + 15O2 12CO2 +6H2O 2.Benzen c p th vi Br2 -GV yu cu HS vit PT p chy -HS quan st v vit PTHH khng? -GV dng tranh v m t TN -Vit gn: benzen tc dng vi brm v C6H6(l) +Br2(l) C6H5Br(l)+ HBr (h) Fe yu cu HS vit PTHH -HS quan st (khng c hin C6H5Br brm benzen -GV lm TN cho benzen vi dd tng g) brm -HS vit PTHH 3.Benzen c phn ng cng -GV thng bo benzen tham gia khng? p cng vi H2 v cht to thnh -benzen c p cng vi H2 l 1 sn phmv yu cu HS vit 0 t PTHH -HS tr li (chy, th brm, cng C6H6 + 3H2 C6H12 -GV yu cu HS nu TCHH ca H2) Ni (xiclohexan) benzen P cng ca benzen kh hn so -GV b sung v kt lun vi etilen v axetilen Hot ng 3 IV/NG DNG -Xem sgk -GV yu cu HS c thng tin -HS c sgk v tr li cu sgk v da vo s nu ng hi dng -GV b sung v kt lun (sgk) 4/Tng kt bi hc v bi tp vn dng -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh v tng kt bi hc -GV yu cu HS gii bi tp 1,2,4 sgk Hng dn:1C ,4 b v c (GV yu cu hs vit PTHH v gii thch ) 5/Dn d: Hc bi c, nghin cu bi mi (du m v kh thin nhin) lm cc bi tp cn li sgk
103
Ngy son:16/02/11 Tun 26, tit 49 Bi 42 : LUYN TP CHNG IV: HIROCACBON NHIN LIU I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS -Cng c cc kin thc hc v hiroccbon -H thng mi quan h gia cu to v tnh cht ca cc hirocacbon 2/K nng: -Cng c cc phng php gii bi tp nhn bit, xc nh cng thc hp cht hu c II/ Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh : 2. Bi c: 3.Bi mi *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1:KIN THC CN NH Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh Xem sgk -GV k bng nh sgk v yu cu -HS quan st bng v lm bi tp HS ln bng in ni dung thch hp vo trng -GV nhn xt v b sung -HS vit PTHH -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH Hot ng2 II/BI TP BT2/133 -GV yu cu HS c v tm tc -HS lm theo yu cu (nhn bit Dn 2 cht kh trn ln lt qua BT2 CH4, C2H4 dd Br2 dd brm, cht kh no lm mt -GV hi ch dng dd Br2 c nhn -HS tr li(c v LK khc mu dd brm l kh C2H4 v kh bit c khng? V sao? nhau) cn li khng lm mt mu dd -GV yu cu HS nu cch tin -HS tr li brm l CH4 v hnh -GV b sung v kt lun C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2 -GV yu cu HS tm tt bi - HS tr li (nH-C = 0,01mol, BT3 C . C2H4 v tm cc yu t cn tm v bit v=100ml, CM= 0,1M , tm X) -GV yu cu HS tinh s mol Br2 -GV yu cu HS cho bit t l s -HS tr li nBr = 0,1 x 0,1= 0,01 mol ca cc cht tham gia p -GV hi cht no tc dng vi -HS tr li( t l 1 : 1) brm theo t l 1:1 -GV yu cu HS tm tt bi v tm ra cc yu t cn tm v -HS tr li ( C2H4) bit -GV b sung v kt lun -HS tr li(mA =3g ,mco2 =8,8g 8,8 BT4:nCO2 = = 0,2mol -GV yu cu HS tnh s mol CO2 mH2O= 5,4 g , tm nguyn t c 44 v H2O v hng dn HS tm trong A , CTPT, ) Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 104
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------khi lng H2 v O2 c trong 5,4 nH2O = = 0,3mol H2O v CO2 -HS tr li(nco2 = 0,2mol) 18 -GV yu cu HS tnh ton v cho -Khi lng C l:0,2 x12= 2,4g bit trong cng thc A c nhng -Khi lng H l:0,3 x2 =0,6g nguyn t no ? -Khi lng ca Cv H trong A l (2,4 + 0,6) = 3g bng khi -GV yu cu HS cho bit cng -HS tnh ton v tr li cu hi lng ca A nh vy trong A ch thc dng chung -GV yu cu HS lp t l x: y v c 2 ngt C,H l lun tm ra CTPT A -HS tr li (CXHY) b/Ta c cng thc chung CXHy 2,4 0,6 Ta c: x : y = : =1:3 -HS lp t l v tr li cu hi 12 1 CTPT ca A c dng (CH3)n - GV yu cu HS da vo CTPT v MA < 40 15n < 40 tr li cu c n= 1 v l -GV yu cu HS vit ptp ca n= 2 CTPT ca A l C2H6 C2H6 vi Cl2 -HS tr li c/ C2H6 khng lm mt mu dd brm d/ phn ng ca C2H6 vi Cl2 as C2H6 + Cl2 C2H5Cl + HCl 4/Tng kt v dn d: -GV h thng ho li pp gii bi ton tm CTHH - Dn d xem bi thc hnh v k bng tng trnh - HS vit ptp
105
Ngy son:17/02/11 Tun 27, tit 51 Bi 40: DU M V KH THIN NHIN I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS bit c -Khi nim, thnh phn, trng thi t nhin ca du m, kh thin nhin v kh m du v phng php khai thc chng; mt s sn phm ch bin t du m. -ng dng: Du m v kh thin nhin l ngun nhin liu v nguyn liu qu trong cng nghip. 2/K nng: -c tr li cu hi, tm tt c thng tin v du m, kh thin nhin v ng dng ca chng -S dng c hiu qu mt s sn phm du m v kh thin nhin. * Trng tm: Thnh phn du m, kh thin nhin v kh m du. Cc sn phm ch bin t du m. -ch li v cch khai thc, s dng du m, kh thin nhin, kh du m II/Chun b: -Mu du m, tranh v s chng ct du m v ng dng ca cc sn phm thu c t ch bin du m III/Tin trnh ln lp : 1.n nh : 2.Bi c: a. Nu tnh cht vt l, vit CTCT v ng dng ca benzen b. Nu tnh cht ho hc ca benzen v vit PTHH minh ho 3.Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi: Chng ta bit khng c mt ngnh no, mt lnh vc no t cng vic gn gi nht nh nu n hng ngy bng bp ga n cc phng tin giao thng nh xe my, t, tu ho, my bay, cc nh sn xut trong nng nghip, cng nghip, khng s dng cc sn phm ca du m, kh thin nhin . Vy kh thin nhin v du m c tnh cht vt l, thnh phn trng thi t nhin v ng dng nh th no ? Bi hc hn nay s tr li *Cc hot ng dy v hc : Hot ng 1: I/Du m: Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Tnh cht vt l: -GV cho cc nhm HS c i -i din nhm tr li (cht lng -Du m l cht lng snh mu din ln gii thiu cc mu vt snh mu en ) nu en khng tan trong nc v ca du m v nu tnh cht vt l hn nc ca chng (nu c) -GV ngh HS rt 1 t du m -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV v vo cc nc v nhn xt v tnh nhn xt tan v t khi Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 106
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2/Trng thi t nhin, thnh -GV b sung v kt lun phn ca du m: ch nu khng c mu du m -Du m su trong lng t th GV cho HS nghin cu sgk -M du gm 3 lp :lp kh -GV yu cu HS c thng tin trn lp du lng v lp nc sgk v tr li cu hi:Du m c -HS c thng tin sgk v tr li mn u ? cu to ca du m ? cu hi 3/Cc sn phm ch bin t du cch khai thc du m (GV m hng dn hs xem tranh v ) -Kh t, xng, du thp, iezen, -GV b sung v kt lun du mazt, nha ng. -GV yu cu HS c thng tin sgk, xem tranh v phng to s -HS c thng tin sgk v xem H4.16 sgk v tr li cc cu hi tranh v H4.16 v tr li cc cu sau ; hi (tho lun nhm) Ti sao phi ch bin du m? -i din nhm tr li(mi nhm So snh nhit si ca 1 s sn tr li 1 cu hi) phm thu c khi chng ct du -i din nhm khc b sung m sn phm :xng, du ho, du iozen, du mazt, nha ng. T nhit si ca cc sn phm trn cho bit ngi ta ch bin du m nh th no ? Nhng sn phm chnh thu c khi ch bin du m (cc cu hi ny ghi bng ph) -GV b sung va nhn mnh tm quan trng ca pp crckinh v gii thch ti sao phi s dng pp crckinh v pp crckinh l g? -HS ch lng nghe Hot ng2:II/Kh thin nhin: -Kh thin nhin c trong cc m kh nm di lng t, thnh phn ch yu ca kh thin nhin l mtan
-GV t vn KTN cng l mt ngun H C quan trng. Em hy cho bit KTN thng c u, thnh phn ch yu ca KTN l g? V ng dng ca chng -GV nhn xt -GV thng bo cch khai thc kh thin nhin -GV yu cu HS quan st h4.18 v cho bit hm lng CH4 c trong kh thin nhin v du m -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng3 III/ DU M V KH THIN NHIN -Du m v kh thin nhin ca -GV yu cu HS tr li nhng nc ta tp trung ch yu thm cu hi sau: cc em bit g v lc a pha nam. du m v kh thin nhin VN
-HS tr li (da vo thng tin sgk )
-HS ch lng nghe -HS quan st h4.18 v tr li cu hi( CH4 tn > CH4 m du) -HS tr li theo s hiu bit ca mnh (khai thc Vng Tu) 107
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Tr lng d on vo khong (v tr, sn lng ,tnh hnh khai thc ..) 3 4 t tn -Hm lng cc hp cht cha S -GV b sung v kt lun (GV nn -HS quan st bn nu c thp 0,5% tuy nhin cha nhiu kt hp vi bn VN gii thiu v tr cng nghip du kh) parafin -Tnh hnh khai thc (xem sgk0 4.Tng kt bi hc v bi tp vn dng: -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh -GV yu cu v hng dn HS gii bi tp 1,2,3 sgk 1,c,e. 2. a.xng, du ho, b. crckinh ; c. CH4 ; d. thnh phn . ; 3. b, c 5.Dn d: -Hc bi c, lm cc bi tp cn li, nghin cu bi nhin liu Ngy son:18/02/11 Tun 27, tit 52 Bi 41: NHIN LIU I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: - HS bit c khi nim v nhin liu, cc dng nhin liu ph bin(rn, lng, kh). -Hiu c cch s dng nhin liu (gas, du ho, kh thin nhin)an ton hiu qu, gim thiu nh hng khng tt ti mi trng. 2/K nng: -Bit cch s dng c nhin liu c hiu qu, an ton trong cuc sng hng ngy. -Tnh nhit lng to ra khi t chy than, kh mtan v th tch kh cacbonic to thnh. *Trng tm: Khi nim nhin liu, phn loi nhin liu, cch s dng nhin liu c hiu qu. II/Chun b: -nh hoc tranh v v cc loi nhin liu rn, lng, kh. -Biu hm lng C trong than, nng sut to nhit ca cc nhin liu. III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: a.Nu tnh cht vt l, trng thi t nhin, thnh phn ca du m b. Cho bit thnh phn ch yu ca kh thin nhin, cho bit v tr, tr lng du m v kh thin nhin? 3.Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:GV nu mc tiu bi hc nh sgk hoc GV c th nu vn . Mi ngy khng 1 gia nh no khng phi dng 1 loi cht t un nu C th c gia nh un nu bng bp ga bng bp than, bp ci.. cht t cn gi l nhin liu . Nhin liu l g?c phn loi nh th no?s dng chng nh th no cho c hiu qu. Bi hc hm nay s tr li nhng cu hi trn. *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1: I/NHIN LIU L G? Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh -Nhin liu l nhng cht chy -T li gii thiu trn GV tip -HS tr li: c, khi chy to nhit v pht tc hi : nhin liu l g? sng -Sau khi cho VD v 1 s nhin -HS nhn xt rt ra c im liu c s dng hng ngy chung ca cc loi nhin liu GV yu cu HS nhn xt -GV nu khi dng in thp -HS da vo khi nim v nhin sng, un nu th in c phi l liu tr li (mt dng nng 1 loi nhin liu khng ? lng) -GV b sung v kt lun -HS ch lng nghe. Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 108
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GV thng bo cc loi nhin liu thng thng Hot ng2:NHIN LIU C PHN LOI NH TH NO? 1Nhin liu rn:Than m, g -GV yu cu HS da vo trng -HS tr li (3 loi) than m gm than gy, than m, thi thng thng ca nhin liu than non v than bn. phn loi 2.Nhin liu lng:t xng, du -GV gii thiu tng loi nhin -HS ch lng nghe ho, ru.. liu -HS quan st H4.21 v 4.22 v 3.Nhin liu kh: -GV cho HS quan st H4.21, c sgk v tr li cu hi sau Kh thin nhin, kh m du, kh H4.22 v yu cu HS c thng 1.Nhn xt v hm lng C trong l cc, kh l cao, kh than. tin sgk tr li cu hi (ni cc loi than. dung cu hi c ghi bng 2.Nhn xt v nng sut to nhit ph) ca 1 s nhin liu thng thng 3.ng dng ca tng loi nhin liu 4.Tc ng ca vic s dng nhin liu n mi trng Hot ng3:S DNG NHIN LIU NH TH NO CHO HIU QU? - Cung cp khng kh hoc oxi -GV thng bo cho HS bit 1 s -HS ch lng nghe v tr li cho qu trnh chy thng tin khi nhin liu chy cu hi - Tng din tch tip xc ca khng hon ton lng ph, lm nhin liu vi khng kh hoc nhim mi trng v hi lm th oxi. no nhin liu chy hon ton - iu chnh lng nhin liu ? duy tr s chy mc cn -GV b sung v kt lun thit ph hp vi nhu cu s -GV yu cu HS da vo kin -HS da vo thc tin tr li dng nhm tn dng nhit lng thc thc tin gii thch cc cu hi do s chy to ra. tnh hung sau: 1. gia nh khi un nu bng bp ci lm th no ngn la chy u khng c khi 2 Khi un nu bng bp than(than t ong) chng ta thy cc vin than u c cc l nh -GV ngh HS xut 1 s yu cu s dng hiu qu -HS tr li nhin liu cn phi lm g? -GV b sung v kt lun . 4/Tng kt bi hc v bi tp vn dng: -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh v lm bi tp sgk(1a; 4b) -BT2 v 3 GV yu cu HS gii thch GV b sung v kt lun 5/Dn d: Hc bi c v nghin cu bi mi (luyn tp chng IV)
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:23/02/11 Tun 28, tit 53 Bi 43 THC HNH TNH CHT HO HC CA HIROCACBON I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Cng c kin thc v hirocacbon -Th nghim iu ch axetilen t canxicacbua. (KTTT) -Th nghim t chy axetilen v cho axetilen tc dng vi dd Br2.(KTTT) -Th nghim benzen ho tan Br2, benzen khng tan trong n c (KTTT) 2/K nng: -L p dng c iu ch kh C2H2 t CaC2 -Thc hin phn ng cho C2H2 t c d ng vi dd Br2 v t chy axetilen - Thc hin th nghim ho tan benzen v o n c v benzen tip xc vi dd Br2 -Quan st th nghim,nu hin tng v gii thch hin t ng . -Vi t ptp iu ch C2H2, p ca C2H2 v i dd Br2, p ch y c a C 2H2 3/Thi : Gio dc thc cn thn, tit kim trong hc tp thc hnh ho hc . II/Chun b: -Dng c : ng nghim c nhnh, ng nghim, nut cao su km ng nh git, gi th nghim, n cn, chu bng thu tinh(hoc nha) -Ho cht: t n, dd brm, nc ct, benzene. (chun b 6 b thc hnh) -Chun b phiu hc tp: Phiu s 1:C hn hp C2H2 ln CO2, SO2 v hi nc c th dng cch no trong nhng cch sau y thu c kh C2H2 tinh khit a. Cho hn hp qua dd brm sau qua H2SO4 c. b .Cho hn hp qua dd NaOH . c. Cho hn hp qua dd KOH,sau qua H2SO4 dc . d.Cho hn hp qua dd nc brm d Gii thch l do la chn: Phiu s 2: C 2 bnh ng 2 cht kh khng mu CH4 v C2H4. Hy m t mt TN phn bit 2 cht kh . Vit PTHH nu c . I/Tin trnhdy hc: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Kim tra bi c: -GV dng phiu hc tp s1 yu cu HS thc hin , tho lun, bo co kt qu. 3.Tin hnh TN: Hot ng ca GV Hot ng ca HS - GV yu cu HS bo co vic chun b bi thc -i din nhm HS bo co hnh nh Mc tiu ca bi thc hnh: HS tin hnh TN v tnh cht ca hirocacbon, gip cng c kin thc v iu ch axetylen, tnh cht ho hc ca axetylen v tnh cht vt l ca benzen -Cch tin hnh TN nh ni dung sgk (ho cht, dng c, cch tin hnh, d on hin tng) -Lu : TN1: iu ch axetylen -ng A kh , ly 2-3 mu t n bng ht ng TN2: Tnh cht ca axtylen a.Tc dng vi dd brm Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 110
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------b. Tc dng vi oxi trc khi t chy C2H2, phi cho p gia t n v nc xy ra khong vi giy C2H2 sinh ra y ht phn khng kh c trong ng nghim v trnh c hin tng n khi t TN3: Tnh cht vt l ca benzen Benzen, brm u l nhng cht c nn khi TN phi ht sc cn thn C th thay dd brm bng dd it -GV nhn xt nh gi hon thin -Nhm HS khc lng nghe v b sung, hon thin -Nhm HS thc hin TN ng lot 2/GV yu cu nhm HS tin hnh TN theo cc TN1: iu ch axetylen bc nh ni dung sgk TN2: Tnh cht ca axetylen -GV ti cc nhm hs quan st, nhn xt v hng TN3: Tnh cht vt l ca benzen dn iu chnh kp thi cch tin hnh hoc hot ng ca nhm (nu cn) -Nhm hs m t, nhm trng tng kt, th k ghi 3/GV yu cu HS ghi chp kt qu TN chp: TN1:iu ch axetylen CaC2 + H2O C2H2 + Ca(OH)2 Axtylen y nc trong ng nghim ra, kh C2H2 l kh khng mu, khng mi, nh hn khng kh, khng tan trong nc TN2: Tnh cht ca axeetylen Tc dng vi dd brm: Mu da cam ca dd brm nht dn do axtylen tc dng vi brm C2H2 + 2Br2 C2H2Br4 Tc dng vi oxi: axetylen chy trong oxi, ngn la c mu xanh 2C2H2 + 5O2 4CO2 + 2H2O TN3: Tnh cht vt l ca benzen Benzen l cht lng khng mu, nh hn nc, khng tan trong nc, ni ln trong ng nghim, benzen d ho tan brm -Mi hs vit tng trnh ngay sau bui thc hnh 4/GV yu cu mi hs ghi kt qu vo tng trnh hoc v nh gm cc ni dung: TN, hin tng, TN theo mu (Nu c thi gian gv yu cu hs thc gii thch v vit PTHH hin phiu hc tp s 2 -Nhm hs phn cng: Thu gom ho cht d, ra 5/GV yu cu cc nhm lm v sinh dng c TN, lau bn 6/Dn d: nghin cu bi C2H6O
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son 25/02/11 CHNG V :DN XUT CA HIROCACBON - POLIME Tun 28, tit 54 Bi 44: RU ETYLC I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS bit c -CTPT, CTCT, dc im cu to -Tnh cht vt l: Trng thi, mu sc, mi v, tnh tan, khi lng ring, nhit si. -Khi nim ru. -Tnh cht ho hc: Phn ng vi natri, vi axit axetic, phn ng chy. -ng dng ca ru etylic: Lm nguyn liu dung mi trong cng nghip -Phng php iu ch ancol etylic t tinh bt, ng hoc t etylen. 2/K nng: -Quan st m hnh phn t, th nghim, mu vt, hnh nh rt ra c nhn xt v dc im cu to phn t v tnh cht ho hc -Vit cc PTHH dng CTPT v CTCT thu gn -Phn bit ancol etylic vi benzen. -Tnh khi lng ancol etylic vi benzen 3/Trng tm: -CTCT ca ancol etylic v c im cu to. -Khi nim ru -Ho tinh v cch iu ch ancol etylic. II/Chun b: -M hnh phn t ru etylic -Ru etylic, natri, nc, it. -ng nghim, chn s loi nh, dim, nhn mc ru. III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh : 2/Bi c: 3/Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:GV c th dng yu cu ca bi to ra tnh hung hc tp. *Cc hot ng dy v hc HOT NG1:TNH CHT VT L Ni dung ghi bi Gio vin Hc sinh -Cht lng, khng mu, nhit -GV thc hin TN nh sgk : -HS da vo TN nhn xt v tnh 0 si 78,3 C, nh hn nc, tan v ho tan ru vo nc, ho tan cht vt l hn trong nc. it vo ru. (ancol etylic) - ru:S ml ru c trong -GV b sung v kt lun 100ml hn hp ru vi nc -GV cho VD sgk (GV c th cho -HS ch lng nghe v tr li thm vi VD) dn dt n cu hi ru l g? khi nim v ru HOT NG2: CU TO PHN T H H -GV cho HS quan st m hnh -HS quan st m hnh , nhn xt, H - C - C O H hay phn t C2H5OH , C2H6, so snh. CH3- O- CH3 v yu cu HS H H nhn xt v so snh CH3- CH2- OH -GV nhn xt cu tr li v rt ra Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 112
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------kt lun HOT NG 2:III/ TNH CHT HO HC : 1/ru etylc chy trong khng -GV hng dn HS nh 1 vi kh: git ru etylc vo trn s Ru etylic tc dng mnh vi ri t yu cu HS quan st mc oxi khi t nng chy, mu sc ca ngn la, C2H6O(l) + O2(k) CO2 (k)+ H2O(r) mc to khi, so snh vi ngn la gas v vit PTHH -GV lm TN cho mu natri vo 2/Ru etylc c phn ng vi cc ng ru etylc v yu cu natri khng ? HS quan st hin tng nhn xt -Ru etylic tc dng c vi v vit PTHH natri gii phng kh H2 -GV nu bn cht ca p (ch c CH3 CH2 OH (l) + Na(r) ngt H - O b thay th CH3 CH2 ONa(dd) + H2(k) -Gv cho HS bit do c im cu 3/Phn ng vi axit axetc (xem to nn ru etylic c kh nng bi axit axetic) tham gia p vi axit axetic nhng s c nghin cu trong bi axit axetic HOT NG 4:IV/NG DNG: Dc phm, cao su tng hp, GV yu cu HS nhc li tnh cht axit axtic , pha nc hoa, vt l ca ru etylc t rt ra vcni , ru bia .. nhng ng dng -GV yu cu HS da vo tnh cht ho hc ng dng -GV yu cu hs da vo s nu ng dng -GV b sung v kt lun HOT NG 5: V/IU CH: Ln men -GV hng dn HS c sgk v -Tinh bt hoc ng ru da vo thc t nu phng php sn xut ru etylc t tinh etylic bt hoc ng -Hoc C2H4 + H2O C2H5OH
-HS quan st, nu nhn xt v vit pthh
-HS quan st hin tng (c bt kh thot ra, mu natri tan, c kh H2 thot ra) -HS ch lng nghe
-HS tr li (nu li tnh cht vt l ng dng :ho tan c nhiu cht dung mi -HS tr li( p chy nhin liu)
-HS c sgk v da vo thc t tr li cu hi
4/Tng kt v vn dng : -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh, GV hng dn HS gii bi tp 1,3 sgk BT1:cu ng BT3:Cc pthh:ng 1 2CH3CH2OH + 2Na 2CH3CH2OH + H2 , ng 2:2H2O + 2Na 2NaOH + H2 v: 2CH3CH2OH + 2Na CH3CH2ONa + H2 ,-ng 3: 2H2O + 2Na 2NaOH + H2 5/Dn do: Hc bi c v lm cc bi tp cn li SGK, nghin cu bi mi :Axit axtic
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Ngy son:01/3/11 Tun 29, tit 55 Bi 45 AXIT AXETIC I/MC TIU: 1/Kin thc: Bit c -Cng thc cu to, cng thc phn t, c im cu to ca axit axetic -Tnh cht l hc: Trng thi, mu sc, mi v, tnh tan, khi lng ring, nhit i si. - Tnh cht ho hc: L mt axit yu, c tnh cht chung ca axit, tc dng vi ancol etylic to thnh este -ng dng ca axit axetic: Lm nguyn liu trong cng nghip, sn xut gim n. -Phng php iu ch axit axetic bng cch ln men ancol etylic. 2/K nng: -Quan st m hnh phn t, th nghim, mu vt, hnh nh rt ra c nhn xt v c im cu to phn t v tnh cht ho hc. -D on, kim tra v kt lun c v tnh cht ho hc ca axit axetic. -Phn bit axit axetic vi ancol etylic v cht lng khc. -Tnh nng axit hoc khi lng dung dch axit axetic tham gia hoc to thnh trong phn ng. 3/Trng tm: -Cng thc cu to ca axit axetic v c im cu to -Ho tinh v cch iu ch axit axetic t ancol etylic II/CHUN B: -M hnh phn t axit axetic -DD phenolphtalein, CuO, Zn, Na2CO3, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, dd NaOH, H2SO4 c III/TIN TRNH LN LP: 1/n nh: 2/Bi c: Nu tnh cht ho hc ca ru ancol tylic. 3/Bi mi:*Gii thiu bi: GV cho HS nhc li tnh cht ho hc ca 1 axit v c (kim tra bi c), sau t vn axit axetic l 1 axit hu c vy n c c im, cu to v tnh cht ging v khc nhau nh th no so vi axit v c , vy hm nay cc em s c tm hiu *Cc hot ng dy v hc : HOT NG 1:TNH CHT VT L Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Axit axetic l cht lng, khng -GV cho HS quan st l ng dd -HS quan st v nhn xt v mu, v chua, tan v hn trong axit axetic , sau m l cho HS trng thi tn ti , mu sc, mi nc . ngi mi v -GV ly khong 2ml axit axetic - HS nhn xt kh nng axit cho vo nc v yu cu HS axetic tan trong nc nhn xt -GV nhn xt v kt lun HOT NG 2: CU TO PHN T H O -GV cho HS quan st m hnh -HS quan st v nhn xt H C C O H vit gn phn t axit axetic v ru etylic H ri nhn xt CH3 COOH -GV nhn xt v rt ra kt lun -Nhm COOH ny lm cho Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 114
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------phn t c tnh axit HOT NG 3:TNH CHT HO HC 1/Axit axetic c tnh cht ca -GV t vn CH3COOH l 1 -HS nh li tnh cht ho hc ca axit khng : axit nn mang nay tnh cht axit v c tnh cht ho hc Axit axetic l 1 axit hu c c ho hc ca 1 axit , t GV ca axit axetic tnh cht ca mt axit . tuy nhin yu cu HS d on tnh cht axit axetic l mt axit yu . ho hc ca axit axetic
-2CH3COOH + Zn (CH3COO)2Zn +H2
-2CH3COOH + CuO (CH3COO)2Cu + H2O -CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa +H2O
CH3COOH + Na2CO3 CH3COONa + H2O + CO2
-Lm qu tm ho 2/Axit axetic c tc dng vi ru etylic khng ? -GV tin hnh TN p este ca Axit axetic tc dng vi ru axit axetic vi ru etylic (lp etylic to ra etylaxetat H2SO4d dng c v tin hnh TN nh CH3 C OH + HO CH2 CH3 hng dn trong SGK cho HS O (l) (l) t0 quan st sn phm v nhn xt CH3 C O CH2 CH3(l) + H2O(l ) -Etyl axetat l cht lng, mi -GV c th ci tin TN: cho thm, t tan trong nc, dng nc ct sn vo ng nghim lm dung mi trong cng nghip hng sn phm p , cho HS quan -Sn phm ca p gia axit v st trc v sau TN -GV hng dn HS vit PT P ru gi l este este ho, nu c im ca p VD:Etyl axetat l este este ho HOT NG 4: IV/NG DNG -T nhn to, dc phm, phm -GV yu cu hs quan st s nhum, thuc dit cn trng, pha sgk v nu ng dng ca axit gim n, cht do, t nhn to . axetic (GV c th gii thiu cc hp cht c ng dng ca axit axetic) -GV nhn xt b sung v kt lun HOT NG 5: V/ IU CH *Trong cng nghip: -GV hng dn HS c SGK v xt cc pp iu ch axit axetic 2C4H10 + 5O2 4CH3COOH + 2H2O -GV hi thm ngoi pp iu ch (butan) t0 gim n t ru th a phng * sn xut gim n ngi ta hoc gia nh em c th iu ch thng dng pp ln men dd ru gim n t nhng nguyn vt etylic long liu no? men gim -GV b sung v kt lun
C2H5OH + O2 CH3COOH + H2O
-GV b sung v kt lun , ri tin -HS vit PTHH hnh tng TN v yu cu HS vit PTHH -HS quan st GV lm TN v nhn xt v mu sc, trng thi, mi v tnh tan ca sn phm -HS quan st ng hng sn phm trc v sau TN
-HS da vo s nu ng dng
-HS da vo SGK nu cc pp iu ch -HS da vo thc t tr li (ng, chui chin..)
4/Tng kt v vn dng :-GV yu cu hs c phn ghi nh v hng dn HS gii bi tp trong sgk BT1 a/lng, chua, v hn , b/ dc phm, phm nhum, cht do, t nhn to. .. c/axit axetic , c nng . d/oxi ho Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 115
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BT2 : Tc dng c vi Na : a,b,c,d ; Tc dng c vi NaOH: b,d; Tc dng c vi Mg: b,d. BT3: cu d 5/Dn d:-Hc bi c,nghin cu bi mi, lm cc bi tp sgk:4,5,7
Ngy son 05/3/11 Tun 29, tit 56. Bi 46: MI LIN H GIA ETILEN, RU ETYLIC V AXIT AXETIC I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS hiu c - Mi lin h gia hyrocacbon , ru etylic, axit v este vi cc cht c th l etilen, ru etylic, axit axetic v etyl axetat (KTTT) 2/K nng: -Thit lp c s mi lien h gia etylen, ancol etylic, axit axetic v este etyl axetac -Vit cc PTHH theo s chuyn i gia cc cht . -Tnh hiu sut phn ng este ho, tnh phn trm khi lng cht trong hn hp lng. II/Chun b: -Ct sn cc mu giy, trn ghi sn tn cc cht v chun b cc mi tn bng ba cng(nu c iu kin). III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh : 2/Bi c: 3/Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:GV t vn cc em hc hirocacbon , ru, axit. Vy cc hp cht trn c mi lin h vi nhau nh th no? Chng c th chuyn i cho nhau c khng? Hm nay cc em s c nghin cu *Cc hot ng dy v hc: HOT NG 1:S LIN H GIA ETYLEN, RU ETYLIC V AXIT AXETIC Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh C H C H OH CH COOH CH COOC H -GV c th vit tn cc cht -HS da vo tn cc cht vit C2H4 + H2O C2H5OH (etilen, ru etylic, axit axetic) ctpt, ctct. Axit ln bng sau yu cu HS thc C2H5OH + O2 CH3COOH + H2O hin cc cng vic nh : vit Men gim ctpt, ctct ca cc cht H2SO4 2 -GV yu cu HS cho bit t 1 -HS hnh thnh s lin h CH COOH + C H OH CH COOC H + H O T cht VD etylen c th iu ch cht no trong cc cht sau : ru etilic, axit axetic t hnh thnh s lin h -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH - HS vit PTHH minh hoa theo s c lp -Nu c iu kin (nh phn chun b) GV ch yu cu HS sp xp thnh mi lin h gia cc cht
2 4 2 5 3 3 2 5 3 2 5 3 2 5 2 0
HOT NG 2: BI TP Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 116
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------2/144: -GV yu cu hs c ni dung bi -HS c ni dung BT -Cch 1:Nhng qu tm vo 2 tp2 sgk/144 mu th , mu no lm qu tm -GV yu cu hs nu 2 pp phn -HS tr li (qu tm, Zn hoc ho l CH3COOH, mu cn bit 2 dd C2H5OH v CH3COOH Na2CO3 ) li l C2H5OH -Cch 2:cho 1 mu km vo 2 mu th , mu no c cht kh thot ra l CH3COOH v: 2CH3COOH + Zn (CH3COO)2Zn + H2 -GVyu cu HS c ni dung BT 3/144: 3/144 -HS c ni dung bi tp -CTPT ca A l: C2H6O, B l: -GV yu cu HS tm tt ni C2H4, C l: C2H4O2 dung BT -HS tm tt(A v C t/d c vi -CTCT ca A:CH3 CH2 OH Na, B t tan trong nc, C t/d vi -CTCT ca B: CH2 = CH2 -GV hi C t/d c vi Na v Na2CO3 ) -CTCT ca C: CH3 COOH Na2CO3 vy C l cht no ? -HS tr li (C l C2H4O2) -GV hi A t/d c vi Na vy -HS tr li(A l C2H6O, B l A l cht no ? v cht B -T CTPT ca cc cht GV yu C2H4) -HS ln bng trnh by CTCT cu HS tm CTCT -GV nhn xt v b sung -GVyu cu HS c ni dung BT 4/144 -HS c ni dung BT4 sgk 4 sgk -t chy A thu c CO2 v -GV yu cu HS tm tt bi H2O, Vy A cha C, H, c th c -HS tr li:bit mA = 23g O mCO2 = 44g , mH2O = 27g , DA/H2 = 23 44 mC = x 12 = 12g Tm A cha nt no? CTPT A -GV nhn xt v b sung 44 -GVyu cu HS d on nt c 27 mH = x 2 = 3g -HS tr li:(C,H, c th c O ) trong A 18 -GV c th b sung v gii thch mO = 23 12 3 = 8g -Trong A c 3 ngt C,H,O v c thm -GV hng dn HS tnh mC, mH cng thc CxHYOZ -HS tr li(C,H,O) v mO s ngt c trong A -MA = 23 x 2 = 46 -GV yu cu HS tnh MA t -C 23g A c 12g C -HS tr li (C2H6O) x,y,z CTPT Vy 46g A c 12xg C * Ch gv c th thay i s 46 12x = x = 2. liu hs tp trung hn. 23 12 -Tng t tac y = 6, Z = 1 -Vy cng thc ca A lC2H6O -HS c BT 5 -GV yu cu HS c BT 5 sgk 5/144 -HS tr li: bit VC2H4 =22,4l, -GV yu cu HS tm tt bi Phn ng ca etylen vi nc mru = 13,8g . tnh H% -GV c th nhn xt b sung C2H4 + H2O-->CH3 CH2 OH -HS vit PTHH -Gv yu cu HS vit PTHH H2SO4 -GV yu cu HS tnh khi lng -HS tr li 22,4 ru theo PTHH(l thuyt) n C2H4 = = 1mol 22,4 -GV nhn xt v b sung -Theo PTHH c 1 mol etilen khi -GV yu cu HS da vo khi Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 117
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------p ht vi nc to ra 1 mol lng ru thc t v khi lng -HS tr li ru etylic. Vy theo l thuyt, l thuyt tnh hiu sut phn s mol ru etylic to ra l 1 mol ng (tnh theo etilen v nc d )hay 1 x 46 = 46g -Thc t lng ru thu c l 13,8g -Vy hiu sut p l : 13,8 x 100% = 30% 46 4/Tng kt v dn d: -Cch nhn bit: ru etylic, axit axetic -Cch iu ch ru etylic, axit axetic . -Phng php gii ton hiu sut -Dn d: lm cc bt sgk, hc k cc bi ben zen, CH3COOH, C2H5OH chun b cho tit sau kim tra 1 tit .
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Ngy son 09/3/11 Tun 30, tit 57 CHT BO I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: HS bit c -Khi nim cht bo, trang thi t nhin, cng htc tng qut ca cht bo n gin l (RCOO)3C3H5, c im cu to - Tnh cht vt l: Trng thi, tnh tan. -Tnh cht ho hc: Phn ng thu phn trong mi trng axit v trong mi trng kim(p x phng ho) -ng dng:L thc n quan trng ca ngi v ng vt, l nguyn liu trong cng nghip. 2/K nng: -Quan st th nghim, hnh nh rt ra c nhn xt v cng thc n gin, thnh phn cu to v tnh cht ca cht bo. -Vit c PTHH ca p thu phn trong mi trng axit v trong mi trng kim(p x phng ho) -Phn bit cht bo( d u n, m n) vi hi r cacbon (du m cng nghip) -Tnh khi lng x phng thu c theo hiu sut 3/Tr ng t m: -Khi nim cht bo, c im cu to v tnh cht ho hc ca cht bo II/Chun b: -Tranh v 1 s loi thc n , trong c loi cha nhiu cht bo (u, lc, b, tht) -Du n, ben zen, nc, ng nghim . III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh : 2/Bi c: Phn ng este ho ca axit axetic. 3/Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:GV t vn : Trong ngun thc n chng ta dng hng ngy c rt nhiu du m vy chng c thnh phn chnh l g? Tn gi v cu to ca chng nh th no ? Hm nay cc em s c tm hiu *Cc hot ng dy v hc: HOT NG 1: I/CHT BO C U? Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Cht bo c nhiu m ng -GV cho HS xem tranh nh hoc -HS quan st (hoc trnh by) vt v du thc vt mu vt (HS c th trng by tranh hoc mu vt v cho bit tranh nh hoc mu vt chun ngun cung cp b trc) v yu cu HS k ra ngun cht bo (cy,con) -GV nhn xt v rt ra kt lun -GV cho HS quan st mu m -HS tr li (c hoc khng) ln , du lc v m xe my yu Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 119
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------cu cho bit m xe my c phi l cht bo khng ?nu khng m xe my c thnh phn ch yu l g ? HOT NG 2: II/CHT BO C NHNG TNH CHT VT L QUAN TRNG NO? -Nh hn nc, khng tan trong -GV t chc cho cc nhm HS -HS quan st v tr li cu hi nc, tan trong ben zen ,xng, tin hnh TN nh sgk (nu c du ho. iu kin) hoc gv tin hnh TN v yu cu HS quan st hin tng, nhn xt nu tnh cht vt l ca cht bo -GV b sung v kt lun HOT NG 3: III/CHT BO C THNH PHN V CU TO NH TH NO? -Cht bo l hn hp nhiu este -GV vit CTCT ca glixerol v -HS nhn xt (c nhm OH ca glixerol v cc axit bo . c yu cu HS nhn xt c im nhiu nhm OH) cng thc chung l cu to ca glixerol , so snh vi (R- COO)3C3H5 ru etylic -GV vit CTCT thu gn ca 1 -HS ch cch vit CTCT CT axit ln bng C17H35COOH, chung v tr li cu hi (c C15H31COOH v hi glixerol c (C17H35COO)3C3H5, ging este p vi axit ny khng , nu c :etylaxetat ) th to thnh hp cht g? cu to nh th no ?CTCT ging hp cht no bit -GV b sung, thng bo cho hs -HS tr li bit l cht bo v hi cht bo l g ? -GV b sung v kt lun HOT NG 4: IV/CHT BO C TNH CHT HO HC QUAN TRNG NO ? *Phn ng thu phn: -GV gii thiu TN thu phn -HS ch lng nghe v vit (RCOO)3C3H5 + 3H2O t cht bo trong mi trng axit v PTHH yu cu HS vit PTHH C3H5(OH)3 + 3RCOOH -GV yu cu hs c th gii thch -HS tr li ( hc mn sinh (glyxerol) (axit bo ) s hp th cht bo ca c th hc) *Phn ng x phng ho: t nh th no ? (RCOO)3C3H5 + 3NaOH -Tng t GV gii thiu p thu -HS ch lng nghe v vit C3H5(OH)3 + 3RCOONa RCOONa(mui) l thnh phn phn ca cht bo trong mi PTHH trng kim (cn gi l p x chnh ca x phng phng ha )v yu cu HS vit PTHH HOT NG 5: V/CHT BO C NG DNG G? -Cht bo l 1 thnh phn c bn -GV yu cu HS cho bit vai tr -HS tr li da vo kin thc ca trong thc n ca ngi v ng ca cht bo i vi c th ngi mn sinh hc vt v ng vt -Cht bo dng iu ch -GV b sung Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 120
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------glixerol v x phng -GV hi:Nu ng dng c bn v -HS da vo s hiu bit hoc cch bo qun cht bo sgk -GV b sung v kt lun
4/Tng kt v vn dng: -GV yu cu HS in thng tin vo s cht bo l g ? vit ctct Cht bo c u?
Cht bo c nhng tnh ho hc g ?
Cht bo c ng dng g ?
-GV hng dn HS gii bi tp 1,2,3,4 1.D 2 a.Khng, tan, b. thu phn, kim, glyxerol, cc mui ca axit bo . c. thu phn, x phng ho. 3.Cc phng php ng l b,c,e v x phng, cn 960, xng ho tan c du n. Dng nc khng c v nc khng ho tan du n . Gim tuy ho tan du n nhng li ph hu qun o 4.GV hng dn HS v nh :gi khi lng x phng thu c l x(kg) v da vo nh lut bo ton khi lng tnh
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:12/3/11 Tun 30, tit 58 LUYN TP RU ETYLIC, AXIT AXETIC V CHT BO I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: -Cng c cc kin thc c bn v CTCT, tnh chtvt li, tnh cht ho hc ca ru etylic, axit axetic v cht bo. 2/K nng: -Rn luyn k nng vit pthh,gii mt s dng bi tp dung dch, ton hiu sut,v ru, nhn bit ru etylic, axit axetic, cht be II/ Chun b: -GV chun b bng ph v ni dung bi tp Bng 1: CTCT Tnh cht vt l Tnh cht ho hc Ru etylic Axit axetic Cht bo BT1:Trnh by pp ho hc phn bit 3 cht lng sau cha trong 3 l mt nhn : ru etylic, dd axit axetic v du n tan trong ru etylic . Vit PTP xy ra nu c BT2: Mun chng minh hp cht C2H6O l ru etylic, hp cht C2H4O2 l axit axetic ta phi dng nhng TN no? Vit PTHH ca p xy ra nu c BT3:T 10 lt ru etylic 80 c th iu ch .(BT6 sgk) III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: 3.Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:Chng ta c trang b kin thc v mt s hp cht dn xut hyr cc bon n gin. Vy nhng hp cht ny c nhng tnh cht ho hc no cn ghi nh v khc su *Cc hot ng dy v hc: HOT NG 1: NHNG KIN THC C BN CN KHC SU Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh -Ni dung bng 1 -GV yu cu HS lm vic theo -HS lm vic theo nhm nhm v hon thnh bng 1 -Gv yu cu i din nhm trnh -i din nhm trnh by by -GV yu cu nhm khc nhn xt -i din nhm khc nhn xt b sung -GV b sung v kt lun HOT NG 2: BI TP.Dng dng cc p c trng nhn bit cc cht BT1:Dng qu tm nhn ra -GV yu cu HS lm vic theo -HS lm vic theo nhm CH3COOH. Cho 2 cht lng cn nhm gii BT1 (c th GV li vo nc cht no tan hon gi da vo tnh cht ho hc ton l ru etylic, cht lng no ca axit axetic nhn bit) khi cho vo nc thy c cht -GV yu cu i din nhm trnh -i din nhm trnh by lng khng tan ni ln trn l by hn hp ca ru etylic vi cht -GV yu cu nhm khc nhn xt -i din nhm khc nhn xt bo b sung -GV b sung v kt lun Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 122
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BT2: chng minh C2H6O l -GV yu cu HS lm vic theo -HS lm vic theo nhm ru etylic cn cho C2H6O tc nhm gii BT2 (GV gi : dng vi Na nu c kh bay ra l da vo tnh cht khc bit gia ru etylic . chng minh ru etylic v axit axetic ) C2H4O2 l axit axetic ta cho -GV yu cu i din nhm trnh -i din nhm tr li C2H4O2 tc dng vi Na2CO3 nu by. thy c kh thot ra chng t -GV yu cu nhm khc b sung -i din nhm khc b sung C2H4O2 l axit axetic -Gvb sung v kt lun HOT NG 3:Bi tp dng rn luyn k nng vit PTHH v bi ton hiu sut BT6/149 -GV yu cu HS tm tt bi -HS tm tt bi V= 10l, a/Trong 10l ru 80 c 0,8l ru r = 80 ,H% = 92%, etylic nguyn cht . vy khi Dr = 0,8g/ml ,C% gim= 4% lng ru etylic l -GV b sung -Tm m axit, m dd gim 0,8 x 0,8 x 1000 = 640g -GV hng dn HS tnh khi -HS vit PTHH v tnh ton di lng ru . vit PTHH ln men s hng dn ca GV Phn ng ln men ru : ru , tnh khi lng axit theo C2H5OH + O2 CH3COOH + H2O PTHH v thc t thu c -Theo l thuyt c 46g ru khi ln men s thu c 60g axit Vy 640g khi ln men s thu 640x60 c = 834,78g 46 V hiu sut qu trnh l 92% nn lng axit thc t thu c l 834,78 x92 = 768g -T khi lng axit thc t thu -HS tnh khi lng gim n 100 b/ Khi lng gim n thu c c GV hng dn HS tnh khi lng gim n 768 x100 = 19200g l 4
4/Tng kt v dn d: -GV tng kt li cc PP ton -Dn d HS v nh gii cc bi tp cn li v nghin cu bi thc hnh tnh cht ca ru v axit. D on hin tng xy ra khi lm th nghim nh sgk, vit cc ptp xy ra.
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son 20/3/11 Tun 31, tit 59 Bi 49: THC HNH TNH CHT CA RU V AXIT I/Mc tiu : 1/Kin thc: -Th nghim th hin tinh axit ca axit axetic (KTTT) -Th nghim to este etyl axetac (KTTT) 2/K nng: -Thc hin TN chng t axit axetic c nhng tnh cht chung ca mt axit (tc dng vi CuO, CaCO3, qu tm, Zn) -Thc hin TN iu ch este etyl axetac -Quan st TN, nu hin tng v gii thch hin tng. -Vit pt hh minh ho cc TN thc hin II/Chun b: -Dng c:ng nghim, gi ng ng nghim, nut cao su c km ng dn thu tinh hnh L, ng nh git,cc thu tinh 250ml, n cn, kp ng nghim, gi st, chi ra. -Ho cht:dd CH3COOH m c, H2SO4 m c, cn 960, nc lnh, CuO, CaCO3, qu tm, km IV/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.bi c : -GV treo bng ph c ghi ni dung bi tp (hoc dng phiu hc tp) v yu cu cc nhm tho lun v i din tr li 1/Vit PTHH thc hin dy bin ho sau: +H2O +O2 +A C2H4 A B E 0 Xt men gim H2SO4 , t 3.Bi mi: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh 1/GV yu cu hs bo co vic chun b bi thc i din nhm hs bo co: hnh nh -Mc tiu ca bi thc hnh: HS tin hnh TN v tnh cht ca ru v axit . gip cng c kin thc tnh axit ca axit axetic, p ca ru etylic vi axit axetic -Cch tin hnh 2 th nghim nh ni dung sgk -D on hin tng xy ra -Ho cht v dng c cn c -Lu : TN2: p to thnh etyl axetat xy ra thun li cn dng axit axetic, ru etylic khan v H2SO4 c, ngm ng nghim thu etyl axetac trong cc cha nc lnh (tt nht l nc ) -S dng H2SO4 phi ht sc cn thn -Ru etylc d chy nn khng gn la -GV nhn xt nh gi, hon thin -Nhm hs khc lng nghe v b sung hon thin 2/GV yu cu nhm hs tin hnh tn theo cc bc -Nhm hs thc hin tn ng lot nh ni dung sgk GV ti cc nhm quan st, nhn xt vg hng dn TN1:Tnh axit ca axit axetic iu chnh kp thi cch tin hnh hoc hot ng TN2: Phn ng ca ru etylc vi axit axetic ca nhm (nu cn) Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 124
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3/GV yu cu hs ghi chp kt qu TN -Nhm hs m t, nhm trng tng kt, th kghi TN1:Tnh axit ca axit axetic Mu giy qu tm chuyn sang mu v CH3COOH l 1 axit Mnh km tan dn v c kh thot ra v CH3COOH tc dng vi km Zn + CH3COOH (CH3COO)2Zn + H2 Mu vi tan dn v c kh thot ra v CH3COOH tc dng vi vi
CaCO3 + CH3COOH (CH3COO)2Ca + CO2 +H2O
Bt CuO tan dn v CH3COOH tc dng vi CuO CuO + CH3COOH (CH3COO)2Cu + H2O Kt lun CH3COOH c y tnh cht ho hc ca 1 axit TN2:Phn ng ca ru etylc vi axit axetic Cht lng khng tan ni trn mt nc, c mi thm l etyl axetat
CH3 COOH + C2H5OH CH3 COOC2H5 + H2O
H2SO4 c nng
4/GV yu cu mi hs ghi kt qu vo tng trnh TN theo mu 5/GV yu cu nhm hs v sinh 6/GV nhn xt v s chun b nh, thao tc thc hnh, kt qu thc hnh, n np Dn d: nghin cu bi glucoz: Trng thi t nhin, tnh cht vt l, tnh cht ho hc.
-Mi hs vit tng trnh ngay sau bui thc hnh hoc v nh gm cc ni dung; TN,hin tng, gii thch, v vit PTHH - Nhm HS phn cng: Thu gom ho cht d, ra dng c, lau bn tn, ct dng c ng ni quy nh
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:22/3/11 Tun 32, tit 61 Bi 50 : GLUCOZ I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c -CTPT, trng thi thin nhin,tnh cht vt l (trng thi, mu sc, mi v, tnh tan, khi lng ring) -Tnh cht ho hc: phn ng trng gng, phn ng ln men ru -ng dng ca glucoz: L cht dinh dng quan trng ca ngi v ng vt. 2/K nng: -Quan st TN, hnh nh mu vt rt ra nhn xt ca glucoz -Vit c cc PTHH (dng CTPT) minh ho tnh cht ho hc ca glucoz -Phn bit dd glucoz vi ancol etylic v axit axetic -Tnh khi lng glucoz trong p ln men khi bit hiu sut ca qu trnh II/Chun b: -Anh mt s loi tri cy c cha glucoz -Glucoz, dd AgNO3, dd NH3 -ng nghim, n cn. III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1/n nh: 2/Bi c: 3/Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:Gluxit tiu biu v quan trng nht l glucoz. Vy glucoz c tnh cht v ng dng g ? hm nay cc em s c nghin cu *Cc hot ng dy v hc: HOT NG1: TM HIU TRNG THI T NHIN V TNH CHT VT L CA GLUCOZ Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh I. Trng thi t nhin: -GV cho HS quan st tranh, nh -HS quan st tranh, nh v tr li -Glucoz c trong hu ht cc b cc loi cy, qu cha nhiu cu hi phn ca cy, c th ngi v glucoz v yu cu HS nhn xt ng vt v rt ra kt lun v trng thi t nhin ca glucoz -GV b sung v kt lun II.Tnh cht vt l: -GV cho cc nhm HS quan st -HS quan st v nhn xt v -Glucoz l cht kt tinh khng mu tinh th glucoz, hng dn trng thi v tnh tan mu, v ngt, d tan trong nc HS ho tan mt lng glucoz vo nc v yu cu i din nhm nhn xt -GV cho HS nhn xt v v khi -HS nhn xt n mt ong hay qu nho chin v cho bit glucoz c v g? -GV b sung v kt lun HOT NG2: TM HIU TNH CHT HO HC CA GLUCOZ III/Tnh cht ho hc: -GV tin hnh TN p trng -HS quan st GV tin hnh TN 1.p oxi ho glucoz: gng nh sgk, yu cu HS quan v nhn xt t0 st thnh ng nghim trc v C6H12O6 + Ag2O C6H12O7 + 2Ag sau TN, nhn xt (dd) (dd) t0 (dd) (r) -GV t vn :Ti sao li gi -HS tr li Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 126
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------P trn c dng trng p ho hc ny l p trng gng nn gi l p trng gng gng 2.p ln men ru : -GV yu cu HS nhc li cc -HS tr li v vit PTHH men ru phng php iu ch ru C6H12O6(dd) 2C2H5OH(dd) + 2CO2(k) etylic trong c pp ln men 30 - 320 glucoz v vit PTHH cho p ln men HOT NG 3: TM HIU NG DNG C BN CA GLUCOZ -Pha huyt thanh, trng gng, -Da vo s sgk GV yu cu -HS tr li trng rut phch, sn xut HS nu ng dng ca glucoz vitamin C. -GV b sung v kt lun 4/Tng kt bi v vn dng: -GV yu cu HS c phn ghi nh -GV hng dn HS gii BT sgk BT2: a.Chn thuc th l AgNO3 trong dd NH3, cht no tham gia p trng gng l glucoz, cht cn li l ru etylic b.Chn thuc th l Na2CO3, cht no c p cho kh bay ra l CH3COOH , cht cn li l glucoz BT3:Khi lng dd glucoz l 500 x 1= 500g 500x5 Vy khi lng glucoz cn ly l = 25g 100 BT4:GV hng dn s lc hs v nh lm 5/Dn d: hc bi c v lm cc bt cn li , nghin cu bi mi SACCAROZ : Sccroz c nhiu u, c nhng tnh cht vt l, tnh cht ho hc nh th no ?
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:30/3/11 Tun 32, tit 62 SACCAROZ I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c - CTPT, trng thi t nhin, tnh cht vt l (trng thi, mu sc, mi v, tnh tan) -Tnh cht ho hc: Phn ng phn hu c xc tc axit hoc enzim -ng dng ca saccaroz : L cht dinh dng ca ngi v ng vt, nguyn liu quan trng cho cng nghip thc phm. 2/K nng: -Quan st TN, hnh nh, mu vt rt ra nhn xt v tnh cht ca sccaroz . -Vit c cc PTHH (dng CTPT) ca cc p thu phn saccaroz. -Vit c PTHH thc hin chuyn ho t saccaroz glucoz ancol etylic axit axetic -Phn bit dd saccaroz, glucoz v ancol etylic -Tnh % khi lng saccaroz trong mu nc ma 3/Trng tm: CTPT, tnh cht ho hc ca saccaroz.. II/Chun b: -ng saccaroz, dd AgNO3, dd NH3, dd H2SO4. -ng nghim, nc ,n cn. III/TIn trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2.Bi c: -Nu trng thi t nhin, tnh cht vt l, ng dng ca glucoz ? -Trnh by tnh cht ho hc ca glucoz 3.Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:Trong i sng hng ngy chng ta thng xuyn s dng ng .v d pha nc, ch bin thc n Vy ng l g, chng c u v cng thc ho hc nh th no, chng c nhng tnh cht ho hc v ng dng g trong i sng v trong cng nghip ? -ng n hng ngy(ng ma, ng c ci , ng tht nt) l saccaroz c CTPT C12H22O11 cng l hp cht gluxit *Cc hot ng dy v hc: HOT NG 1:TM HIU V TRNG THI THIN NHIN V TNH CHT VT L CA SACCAROZ Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh 1/Trng thi thin nhin: -GV yu cu HS trnh by nhng -HS tr li (ma, c ci ng...) -C trong nhiu loi thc vt nh hiu bit ca mnh v trng thi :ma, c ci ng, tht nt. thin nhin ca saccaroz thng qua cc hnh nh t liu thu thp c 2/Tnh cht vt l: -GV b sung v kt lun -HS quan st GV lm TN (hoc -Cht kt tinh khng mu, v -GV tin hnh TN(hoc cho cc tin hnh TN )v tr li cu hi ngt, d tan trong nc, c bit nhm HS tin hnh quan st v (v ngt, d tan trong nc) tan nhiu trong nc nng. th tnh tan ca saccaroz trong nc nu c iu kin) . Cho HS nu li kt qu TN v kt hp vi nhng kinh nghim c c nu tnh cht vt l ca saccaroz Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 128
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GV b sung v kt lun HOT NG 2: TM HIU V TNH CHT HO HC CA SACCAROZ -Khi un nng dd c axit lm -GV tin hnh TN(hoc hng -HS quan st GV lm TN (hoc xc tc, saccaroz b thu phn dn cc nhm HS tin hnh TN 1 tin hnh TN ) nu hin tng v to ra glucoz v fructoz sgk ) yu cu cc nhm HS quan nhn xt t0 st hin tng v nhn xt v c C12H22O11 + H2O C6H12O6 + C6H12O6 im cu to ca saccaroz c Axit glucoz fructoz ging glucoz khng ? -GV nhn xt v kt lun : Khng c hin tng chng t saccaroz khng c p trng gong, nn c cu to phn t khc vi glucoz -GV tin hnh TN (hoc hng dn cc nhm HS tin hnh TN 2 -HS quan st GV lm TN (hoc sgk )yu cu cc nhm HS quan tin hnh TN), nu hin tng st hin tng quan st c (c Ag kt ta) -GV nhn xt v kt lun -GV t vn : ti sao trong TN 1 khng c Ag kt ta, trong khi -HS tr li TN2 li c Ag kt ta (.iu chng t khi un nng dd saccaroz vi H2SO4 long c p ho hc xy ra v sn phm l cht c kh nng tham gia p trng gng ) -GV nhn xt v kt lun HOT NG 3: TM HIU V NG DNG CA SACCAROZ -Thc n cho ngi -GV yu cu hs quan st s -HS quan st s v tr li cu -Nguyn liu cho cng nghip sgk v nu ng dng ca hi thc phm saccaroz -Nguyn liu pha ch thuc -GV b sung v kt lun 4/Tng kt v vn dng: -GV cho HS c phn ghi nh trong sgk v hon thnh bi tp vit trn bng ph (phn bi tp c th tho lun nhm ) BT1: C 3 cc cha dd glucoz , saccaroz v dd ru etylic , trnh by pp ho hc nhn ra 3 cc cha 3 dd trn . BT2: T mt tn ma c th p c 500kg nc ma cha 13% saccaroz. Tnh lng ng thu c t 1 ha rung trng ma nng sut 20 tn / nm trong 1 nm . bit hiu sut thu hi ng 80% 5/Dn d: -GV yu cu HS v nh lm cc bi tp cn li sgk v nghin cu bi mi (bi 52). Tm hiu v cng thc tinh bt v xenluloz, chng c nhng tnh cht v ng dng g?
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy 03/4/11 Tun 33,Tit 63 bi 52 TINH BT V XENLULOZ I/Mc tiu: 1.Kin thc: Bit c - Trng thi t nhin, tnh cht vt l ca tinh bt v xenluloz -Cng thc chung, c im cu to phn t ca tinh bt v xenluloz . -Tnh cht ho hc ca tinh bt v xenluloz:Phn ng thu phn, phn ng mu ca h tinh bt v i t - ng dng ca tinh bt, xenluloz.trong i s ng v s n xu t -S to thnh tinh bt v xenluloz trong cy xanh 2.K nng: -Quan st TN hnh nh mu vt rt ra nhn xt v tnh cht ca tinh bt v xenluloz -Vit c PTHH phn ng thu phn ca tinh bt, xenluloz v phn ng quang hp to thnh tinh bt v xenluloz trong cy xanh -Ph n bit tinh bt v xenluloz -Tnh khi l ng ancol etylic thu c t tinh bt v xenluloz 3/Trng t m: -Cng th c chung ca tinh bt v xenluloz -Tinh cht ho hc ca tinh bt v xenluloz II/Chun b: -nh hoc mt s mu vt c trong thin nhin tinh bt v xenluloz -Tinh bt, bng noon, dd it. -ng nghim, ng nh git. III/ Tin trnh dy hc: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Kim tra bi c: Hy vit cc PTHH trong s chuyn i ho hc sau : (1) (2) Saccaroz Glucoz Ru etylic 3.Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:GV yu cu HS k nhng loi lng thc chnh m cc em bit, t ch ra thnh phn chnh ca cc loi lng thc ny l tinh bt (C6H10O5)n . Vy tinh bt v xenluloz c nhng tnh cht vt l v ho hc g, chng c ng dng g trong i sng sinh hot v trong cng nghip *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1: TM HIU TRNG THI THIN NHIN CA TINH BT V XENLULOZ Ni dung bi ghi Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh I/Trng thi t nhin: -GV cho HS quan st tranh,nh -HS quan st tranh, nh, mu vt -Tinh bt c nhiu trong cc loi mu vt cc loi cy, qu, c v tr li cu hi ht, c qu htyu cu HS nhn xt nhng -Xenluloz l thnh phn ch loi no cha nhiu tinh bt, yu trong si bng, tre g, na xenluloz v rt ra kt lun v trng thi t nhin ca chng -GV b sung v kt lun -GV cho cc nhm HS quan st II/Tnh cht vt l: mu tinh bt, xenluloz (c th -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV -Tinh bt l cht rn mu trng s dng giy trng thay th)sau khng tan trong nc nhit cho vo 2 ng nghim thm thng, nhng tan c trong nc lc nh ri un si khong Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 130
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------nc nng 23 pht -Xenluloz l cht rn mu -GV yu cu HS nhn xt v trng, khng tan trong nc -HS nhn xt trng thi, mu sc v kh nng ho tan ca chng trong nc lnh v trong nc nng -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 2:III/ TM HIU C IM CU TO CA TINH BT V XENLULOZ -Tinh bt v xenluloz c phn -GV vit CTPT ca 2 cht ln -HS nhn xt (tinh bt v t khi rt ln c to thnh do bng, gii thch ngha ch s n xenluloz c n mc xch (nhiu mc xch C6H10O5- lin l s mc xch trong phn t , C6H10O5-) ,c khi lng phn t kt vi nhau ng thi so snh gi tr n trong rt ln -C6H10O5 C6H10O5 C6H10O5 tinh bt v xenluloz . sau - cho HS nhn xt v thnh phn Vit gn:( - C6H10O5 -)n phn t, khi lng phn t ca (n ca xenluloz > n ca tinh bt tinh bt v xenluloz ) -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 3: TM HIU TNH CHT HO HC CA TINH BT V XENLULOZ 1.Phn ng thu phn: -GV yu cu HS cho bit qu -HS tr li (tinh bt mantoza 0 t trnh chuyn ho tinh bt trong enzimamilaza (-C6H10O5-)n+nH2O nC6H12O6 c th ngi v ng vt glucoz axit enzim mantaza -Sau GV nu tip nu un -HS ch lng nghe tinh bt hoc xenluloz vi dd axt cng xy ra qu trnh thu 2.Tc dng ca tinh bt vi it: phn to ra glucoz TN:xem sgk -GV yu cu HS vit PTHH -HS vit PTHH It c dng nhn bit h -GV hng dn HS tin hnh TN -HS tin hnh TN, quan st nhn tinh bt v ngc li (nh dd it vo dd h tinh bt ) xt v quan st, nhn xt -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 4:V/TINH BT V XENLULOZ C NG DNG G? -Tinh bt: lng thc, sn xut -GV cho HS c sgk,xem s ng glucoz v ru etylc v k nhng ng dng c bn -Xenluloz: sn xut giy, vt ca tinh bt v xenluloz ly v liu xy doing, sn xut g, d minh ho sn xut vi si, -GV yu cu HS cho bit qu trnh quang hp ca cy xanh to ra tinh bt v xenluloz -GV lin h thc t (bo v mi trng v cy xanh ) -HS c sgk v tr li cu hi(lng thc, sn xut ng glucoz) -HS tr li cu hi(da vo PTHH tr li cu hi) -HS ch lng nghe
4/Tng GV cho HS hon thnh cc bi tp 1,2 v 3 sgk trang 158. 5/Dn d: Hc bi c v nghin cu bi mi lm bi tp 4 sgk trang 158. tm hiu trng thi t nhin, thnh phn v cu to phn t, tnh cht v ng dng ca protein Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 131
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngyson:05/4/11 Tun 33, tit 64: Bi 53: PROTEIN I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c -Khi nim, c im cu to phn t ca protin (do nhiu amino axit to nn) v khi lng phn t protein. (KTTT) -Tnh cht ho hc: phn ng thu phn c xc tc l axit hoc baz hoc enzim b ng t.khi c tc dng ca ho cht hoc nhit , d b phn hu khi un nng mnh (KTTT) 2/K nng: -Quan st TN, hnh nh, mu vt, .. rt ra nhn xt v tnh cht -Vit c s phn ng thu phn protein -Phn bit protein (len, lng cu, t tm) vi cht khc (nilon), phn bit amino axit v axit theo thnh phn phn t II/Chun b: -Tranh v 1 s loi thc phm thng dng . -Lng trng trng, cn 960, nc, tc hoc lng g, lng vt. -Cc, ng nghim, n cn III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Kim tra bi c: a.Nu trng thi t nhin, tnh cht vt l, c im cu to phn t ca tinh bt v xenluloz . b.Nu tnh cht ho hc ca tinh bt v xenluloz vit PTHH minh ho. 3/Bi mi: *Gii thiu bi:Trong i sng hng ngy chng ta thng xuyn s dng tht, c, trng lm ngun thc n cung cp m cho c th, t tm dt vi, lng cu dt lenVy trong cc thc phm v cc loi t si trn cha hp cht g, thnh phn cu to ca chng c nhng nguyn t ho hc no v chng c nhng tnh cht vt l v ho hc g? Hm nay cc em s nghin cu *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1: TM HIU TRNG THI THIN NHIN CA PROTEIN Ni dung bi ghi Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh Protein c trong c th ngi, -GV yu cu cc nhm HS trnh -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV ng vt v thc vt by nhng t liu(tranh nh, mu vt) v ngun protein trong t nhin -GV yu cu HS nhn xt trng -HS nhn xt v tr li thi t nhin (protein c u? Loi thc phm no cha nhiu, t hoc khng cha protein ) Hot ng 2: II/ TM HIU THNH PHN V CU TO PHN T 1Thnh phn nguyn t:Ch yu -GV vit ln bng hoc bng ph -HS ch GV cho v d so snh l C,H,O,N v 1 lng nh S,P, 1 s dng phn t protein vi tinh bt tr li cu hi kim loi -NH-CH(CH2-CH2-S-CH3)-CO2.Cu to phn t: NH-CH(CH2-SH)-CO-NH-CH2 Protein c phn t khi rt ln CO-Protein c to ra t cc amino -Cc amino axit axit, mi phn t amino axit to H2N-CH2-COOH (glyxin) thnh mt mc xch trong H2N-CH(CH2-CH2-S-CH3)Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 132
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------phn t protein COOH (metionin) -Da vo cng thc trn GV yu cu HS cho bit thnh phn v cu to phn t gia tinh bt v protein c im g ging v khc nhau v thnh phn nguyn t, khi lng phn t, mc xch phn t ) -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 3: TM HIU TNH CHT CA PROTEIN 1.Phn ng thu phn: -GV yu cu HS nu qu trnh -HS tr li t hp th protein trong c th protein + nc hn hp ngi v ng vt amino axit -GV b sung v kt lun -GV a ra p thu phn protein -HS vit PTHH vo v nh xc tc men hoc axit -GV yu cu HS lm TN quan st hin tng v nhn xt -HS lm TN t chy 1 t tc 2.S phn hu bi nhit: (lng g hoc lng vt) v quan Khi un nng mnh v khng c -GV b sung v kt lun st hin tng (chy c mi kht) nc, protein b phn hu to ra .nhn xt protein b phn hu nhng cht bay hi v c mi -GV yu cu HS lm TN, quan -HS lm TN :cho 1 t lng trng kht st hin tng v nhn xt trng vo 2 ng nghim v tin 3.S ng t: hnh nh sgk ri quan st hin -Khi un nng hoc cho thm -GV b sung v kt lun tng nhn xt ho cht vo cc dd ny thng xy ra kt ta protein hin tng gi l s ng t Hot ng 4: TM HIU NG DNG CA PROTEIN -Lm thc n, trong cng nghip -GV yu cu HS nu nhng ng -HS tr li dt(len, t tm), da, m dng ca protein trong i sng ngh(sng, ng) vv 4/Tng kt v vn dng : -GV yu cu HS tr li cc cu hi sau: protein c u? C tnh cht ho hc g? C ng dng g? -GV yu cu HS hon thnh bi tp 1 sgk:cc cm t cn in l: a.ccbon, hiro, oxi, nit . c.thu phn b.mi b phn c th: tht, c, rau, qu, tc, mng, sa, trng. ; d. ng t -GV yu cu HS gii thch BT s 2 sgk (c s ng t ca protein) 5.Dn d: v nh lm cc bi tp cn li , hc bi c v nghin cu bi POLIME. Tm hiu khi nim, cu to v tnh cht, ng dng ca polime
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:8/4/11 Tun 34, tit 65,66 Bi 54 POLIME I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Bit c -nh ngha, cu to,cch phn loi ca polime (polime thin nhin v polime tng hp)(KTTT) -Tnh cht chung ca polime.(KTTT) - Khi nim cht do, t, cao su, (KTTT) v nhng ng dng ch yu ca cc loi vt liu ny trong i sng v sn xut 2/K nng: -Vit c PTHH trng hp to thnh PE, PVC, t cc monomer -S dng bo qun c mt s vt bng cht do, t, cao su, trong gia an ton v hiu qu -Phn bit mt s vt liu polime. -Tnh ton khi lng polime thu c theo hiu sut tng hp II/ Chun b dng dy hc: -Mt s mu vt c ch to t polime: PE, PVC,si bng, len lng cu, si t tm t nilon, cao su. hoc nh, tranh cc sn phm ch to t polime -Bi ny 2 tit c th chia tit 1 dy ht phn : khi nim v polime , tit 2 dy phn : ng dng ca polime III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh t chc: 2.Kim tra bi c: Protein c u? Nu tnh cht ho hc v ng dng ca protein 3.Bi mi: Tit 1*Gii thiu bi:Polime l ngun nguyn liu khng th thiu c trong nhiu lnh vc ca nn kinh t. Vy polime l g? n c cu to , tnh cht v ng dng nh th no?Hm nay cc em s c nghin cu . *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng 1:I/TM HIU KHI NIM V POLIME, PHN LOI POLIME Ni dung bi ghi Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh 1.Polime l g? -GV yu cu HS vit cng thc -HS vit cng thc(-C6H10O5-)n , -Khi nim v polime:Polime l ca ca tinh bt v xenluloz , (- CH2 - CH2 - )n nhng cht c phn t khi rt polietilen ln do nhiu mc xch lin kt -GV yu cu HS nhn xt c -HS nhn xt (c pt khi rt vi nhau to nn im chung v kch thc phn ln) t , khi lng phn t . -GV b sung v kt lun -Phn loi polime : -GV yu cu HS trnh by nhng -HS lm theo yu cu ca GV v Polime thin nhin: tinh bt, sn phm(t tm, bng , tinh bt, phn loi polime xenluloz,cao su thin nhin cao su, PE, PVC.)v yu cu HS Polime tng hp :polietilen, phn loi cc polime trn theo polivinylclorua, t nilon ... ngun gc -GV b sung v kt lun Hot ng 2: TM HIU CU TO V TNH CHT CA POLIME *Cu to :Gm nhiu mc xch -GV cho cc nhm HS tho lun -HS tho lun nhm v hon lin kt vi nhau v hon thnh phiu hc tp s 1 thnh phiu hc tp s 1 -Mch thng, mch nhnh v -GV cho i din ca 1 nhm HS Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 134
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------mng khng gian. trnh by -i din nhm trnh by -GV yu cu nhm khc nhn xt v dng tn ti ca cc pt -i din nhm khc nhn xt polime -GV b sung v kt lun -GV cho cc nhm HS tho lun *Tnh cht vt l:Cht rn, v hon thnh phiu hc tp s2 -HS tho lun nhm v hon khng bay hi, khng tan trong -GV yu cu i din nhm trnh thnh phiu hc tp s 2 nc hoc cc dung mi thng by thng. Mt s polime tan c -GV yu cu nhm khc nhn xt -i din nhm trnh by trong axeton b sung v tnh cht vt l -i din nhm khc nhn xt PHIU HC TP S 1 Hon thnh bng tng hp sau: Tn polime Cng thc chung Mt xch PE PVC Tinh bt xenluloz Mt protein n gin PHIU HC TP S2 Th nghim Hin tung -un nng nha PE(ti nilon), PVC(ng nc bng nha) -Ho tan 1 s polime trong nc lnh, nc nng v trong ru etylic PE, PVC, tinh bt -Ho tan crp(cao su non) trong xng, nha bng bn trong axeton 4/Tng kt v vn dng : *GV yu cu cc nhm HS tho lun v hon thnh phiu hc tp PHIU HC TP S3 1-Trong cc cht sau y, dy no l polime Dy cht Tinh bt, xenluloz, cao su, t, nha tng hp X phng, protein, cht bo, xenluloz, t nhn to vi, cht bo, du n, ng glucoz, du ho. ng saccarz, nha PE, t tm, protein 2-Hon thnh bi tp s2 sgk *GV yu cu cc nhm HS tho lun v hon thnh phiu hc tp s 4 PHIU HC TP S 4 1.Hon thnh bi tp s 4 sgk 2. Nha polistiren(cn bn chi nh rng) c cu to mch nh sau : -CH2-CH(C6H5)-CH2-CH(C6H5)-CH2-CH(C6H5)-CH2-CH(C6H5)a. Hy vit cng thc chung v cng thc 1 mt xch cua polistiren . b.Mch ca polistiren thuc loi mch thng, mch nhnh hay mng khng gian ? Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 135
Dng mch
Nhn xt
La chn
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------5/Dn d Hc k bi ,xem phn cn li v lm bi tp 1,5 TIT2: *Gii thiu bi:GV cho HS lm 2 TN nh:ko dn 1 si dy cao su ri th ra, ko dn nh ti PE sau th ra. Nhn xt hnh dng trc v sau TN i vi mi vt. -GV nhn xt b sung nu cn thit v kt lun :Da vo tnh cht vt l v ng dng ca cc polime khc nhau ngi ta chia polime thnh 3 loi c bn l cht do, t v cao su *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng1:II/TM HIU C IM V NG DNG CA CHT DO -Cht do l loi vt liu ch t -GV a ra 1 s mu vt ch to -HS quan st cc mu vt v ch polime c tnh do t cht do:bn chi nh rng, lng nghe tm hiu thnh Cht ho do:l lm tng tnh v bt, ng nc PVC gii phn ca cht do do d gia cng, to hnh. thiu cch ch to cc vt dng Cht n:lm tng bn c . Dn dt HS tm hiu thnh hc, bn nhit, tnh chu phn ca cht do nc, chu axit, chu n mn -GV b sung v kt lun Cht ph gia:to mu ,mi -GV cn lu HS v nhng c -HS ch lng nghe tnh ca cht n, cht ph gia, c th gy c i vi ngi v ng vt. V vy cn ch khi dng dng c bng cht do ng nc ung, thc phm -GV yu cu HS k nhng ng -HS nu ng dng ca cht do dng ca cht do -GV b sung v nhn xt
Hot ng 2:TM HIU C IM V NG DNG CA T -T l nhng polime c cu to -GV hi HS v 1 s t, si m -HS tr li mch thng cc em bit . -Phn loi:T thin nhin , t -GV yu cu HS phn loi chng -HS tr li ho hc(t nhn to, t tng hp) theo ngun gc v qu trnh ch to -GV nhn xt v a ra s -HS ch lng nghe v quan st phn loi sgk s -GV yu cu HS nu nhng u -HS tr li im ca t nhn to v t tng hp so vi t t nhin -GV thng bo sn lng t -HS ch lng nghe p ng yu cu ca i sng v sn xut Hot ng 3:TM HIU C IM V NG DNG CA CAO SU -Cao su l polime c tnh n hi -GV hi HS v 1 s vt dng -HS tr li (xm lp t, xe Cao su c tnh n hi, khng c ch to t cao su my,m ray) thm nc, chu mi mn, cch -GV yu cu HS nu nhng u -HS tr li (tnh n hi, tnh Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 136
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------in, chu axit, kim im ca cao su chu nhit, ) -Phn loi:cao su thin nhin v -GV nhn xt v a ra s -HS da vo s phn loi cao su tng hp phn loi cao su cao su -GV thng bo thm cch ch to -HS ch lng nghe cao su tng hp *Tng kt v vn dng: -GV a ra s tng kt v polime v yu cu hon thnh theo s sau Cht do T Cao su Khi nim Tnh cht ng dng -Nu cn d thi gian GV yu cu HS c phn em c bit *Dn d: HS hc bi c v nghin cu bi thc hnh : Tnh cht ca gluxit -K bng tng trnh, nghin cu tnh cht tc dng ca glucoz vi AgNO3 trong dd NH3, nhn bit glucoz, saccaroz, tinh bt
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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ngy son:10/4/11 Tun 35, tit 67 Bi 55: THC HNH :TNH CHT CA GLUXIT I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: Cng c cc kin thc v p c trng ca glucoz, saccaroz, tinh bt 2/K nng: Tip tc rn luyn k nng thc hnh TN , rn luyn thc cn thn, kin tr trong hc tp v thc hnh ho hc . II/Chun b: -Dng c: ng nghim,chii, ra, gi ng nghim, ng nh git, n cn, kp ng nghim. -Ho cht:Dd NaOH, dd AgNO3 1M, dd ammoniac, dd glucoz, dd h tinh bt long, dd CuSO4, dd sccroz, dd it -Phiu hc tp: Phiu s 1: Bng thc nghim ho hc lm th no phn bit c dd glucoz, dd sccarozow, dd axit axetic . (lp s cch lm, nu cch tin hnh v vit PTHH) Phiu s 2:T tinh bt v cc ho cht cng cc iu kin cn thit, hy vit PTHH iu ch etylaxetat . IV/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2/Bi c: -GV: Dng phiu 1:yu cu HS thc hin , tho lun , bo co kt qu thc hin -GV:Dn dt HS xy dng s thc hin : Bc1: Dng qu tm Bc2:Dng AgNO3 trong dd amoniac 3/Bi mi: +Cc hot ng dy v hc: Hot ng ca gio vin Hot ng ca hc sinh 1.GV yu cu hs bo co vic chun b bi thc -i din nhm hs bo co: hnh nha Mc tiu ca bi thc hnh: HS tin hnh TN v tnh cht ca gluxit, gip cng c kin thc tc dng ca glucoz vi bc nitrttong dd amoniat, phn bit glucoz, sccaroz, tinh bt. Cch tin hnh 2 TN nh ni dung sgk Ho cht v dng c cn thit D on hin tng xy ra Lu : TN1: Khng un qu nng, khng lc ng nghim, cn ra ng nghim that sch, sau trng ng nghim bng dd NaOH long Nhm hs khc lng nghe v b sung, hon thin -GV nhn xt, nh gia, hon thin 2.GV yu cu cc nhm hs tin hnh TN theo cc -Nhm hs thc hin TN ng lot bc nh ni dung sgk TN1:Tc dng ca glucoz vi bc nitrat trong dd -GV ti cc nhm quan st, nhn xt v hng dn amonit iu chnh kp thi cch tin hnh hoc hot ng TN2: Phn bit glucoz, saccaroz, tinh bt ca nhm (nu cn) 3.GV yu cu HS ghi chp kt qu TN: -Nhm hs m t, nhm trng tng kt, th k ghi chp TN1: Td ca glucoz vi bc nitrat C cht mu sng bc bm trn thnh ng nghim Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 138
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------trng nh gng l p trn gii phng Ag kim loi
C6H12O6(dd) + Ag2O(dd) C6H12O7(dd)+ 2Ag(r)
NH3,T0
TN2:Phn bit glucoz, sccaroz, tinh bt Nh 12 git dd it vo 3 dd trong 3 ng nghim ng nghim chuyn sang mu xanh l cha tinh bt, 2 ng nghim cn li khng c hin tng g l l glucoz v saccaroz Ly 2 ng nghim sch, cho vo mi ng nghim khang 3 ml dd ammoniac, sau nh tip khong 4 5 git dd bac nitrat vo, lc mnh ng nghim. Tip tc cho vo mi ng nghim trn 3 ml dd ca 2 l khng c chuyn mu, ri ngm ng nghim trong cc nc nng. Ong nghim no c lp bc mng nh gng bm thnh ng l glucoz, ng nghim cn li khng c hin tng g l saccaroz -Mi hs vit tng trnh ngay sau bui thc hnh 4/GV yu cu mi hs ghi kt qu vo tng trnh hoc v nh gm cc ni dung:TN, hin tng, gii thch v vit PTHH th nghim theo mu -Nhm hs phn cng: Thu gom ho cht d, ra dng c tn, lau bn 5/ GV yu cu nhm hs v sinh: 6/ GV nhn xt v s chun b, thao tc thc hnh, k lut, v sinh Dn d: xem li cc hp cht v c v hu c tit sau n tp
Ngy son 12/4/11 Tun 36, tit 68,69 Bi 56: N TP CUI NM I/Mc tiu: 1/Kin thc: -HS thit lp c mi quan h gia cc cht v c: kim loi, phi kim, oxit, axit, baz, mui .c biu din bi s trong bi hc 2/K nng: -Bit thit lp mi quan h gia cc cht v c da trn tnh cht v cc phng php iu ch chng . -Bit chn cht c th chng minh cho mi quan h c thit lp -Vn dng tnh cht ca cc cht v c hc vit c cc PTHH biu din mi quan h gia cc cht Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 139
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cng c nhng kin thc hc v cc cht hu c .Hnh thnh mi lin h c bn gia cc cht II/Chun b: -HS n tp s phn loi cc cht v c, kim loi, phi kim. Ly cc v d c th cho s mi quan h cc cht trong sgk . -HS n tp v s phn loi hp cht hu c v tnh cht ho hc c bn ca mi loi cht . -Bng ph: Ni dung bi tp c ghi bng ph Quan h Phng trnh ho hc Kim loi mui Kim loi oxit baz Oxit baz mui Baz mui Phi kim mui Phi kim oxit axit Phi kim axit Oxit axit mui -Cc phiu hc tp: Phiu hc tp s 1 Hp cht Cng thc cu to Mtan tilen Axtilen Benzen Ru tylic Axit axetic Phiu hc tp s 3 Hirocacbon Dn xut hirocacbon Polime Cc cht Thnh phn Khi lng phn t ng dng c bn Phiu hc tp s 2 Chn cc PTHH lm v d v hon thnh cc PTHH m t cc tnh cht sau , ghi r iu kin p Tnh cht Phng trnh ho hc Cc cht c tnh cht ny P chy cacc hp chthu c P th clo, brm P cng, trng hp P vi natri P vi kim loi P vi oxit baz, baz P vi mui P thu phn III/Tin trnh ln lp: 1.n nh: 2Bi c: 3.Bi mi: *Cc hot ng dy v hc: Tit 1: PHN I: HO V C Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 140
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gii thiu bi:Chng ta hon thnh chng trnh , tit ny chng ta nhn li xem chng ta c c hnh trang g v kin thc ho hc v c di tip trn con ng tm hiu th gii ho hc Tit 1-Hot ng 1: Xy dng mi quan h gia cc cht v c Ni dung bi ghi Gio vin Hc sinh I/Kin thc cn nh: -GV yu cu cc nhm HS hon -HS tho lun nhm hon thnh 1. Mi quan h gia cc loi cht thnh bi tp c ghi bng bi tp c ghi bng ph v c :xem SGK trang 167 ph 1. Phn ng ho hc th hin -GV yu cu i din cc nhm -i din cc nhm hon thnh mi quan h (xem bng sau) hon thnh bi tp bng ph bi tp -GV yu cu cc nhm b sung -GV b sung v kt lun -i din cc nhm b sung Quan h Phng trnh ho hc Kim loi mui Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 ; Fe + CuCl2 FeCl2 + Cu Kim loi oxit baz 4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3 ; FeO + CO Fe + CO2 Oxit baz mui FeO + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2O ; FeCO3 FeO + CO2 Fe(OH)3 + 3HCl FeCl3 + 3H2O ; FeSO4 + 2NaOH Fe(OH)2+ Na2SO4 Baz mui Phi kim mui 3Cl2 + 2Al 2AlCl3 ; 2NaCl 2Na + Cl2 Phi kim oxit axit S + O2 SO2 ; 2H2S + SO2 3S + 2H2O Phi kim axit Cl2 + H2 2HCl ; 4HCl + MnO2 MnCl2 + Cl2 + 2H2O Oxit axit mui CO2 + 2NaOH Na2CO3 +H2O ; CaCO3 CaO + CO2 Hot ng 2: Bi tp;: Luyn tp phng trnh ho hc -Dy chuyn ho: -GV cho cc nhm HS hon -HS tho lun nhm hon thnh BT2 FeCl2 FeFeCl3Fe(OH)3 thnh bi tp s 2 -GV yu cu 1 nhm trnh by, -i din nhm trnh by Fe2O3Fe nhm khc nhn xt b sung -i din nhm khc nhn xt -PTHH: -GV nhn xt v b sung (c th -HS ch lng nghe FeCl2 + Zn ZnCl2+ Fe c nhiu cch thnh lp dy 2Fe + 3Cl2 2FeCl3 chuyn i) FeCl3+3NaOH 3NaCl+ Fe(OH)3 2Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 + 3H2O Fe2O3 + 3H22 Fe +3H2O Hot ng 3:Luyn tp iu ch Cc PP iu ch clo t mui NaCl . 1.PP in phn : -in phn nng chy 2NaCl 2Na + Cl2 -in phn dd c mng ngn
2NaCl+ 2H2OCl2+H2+2NaOH
-GV cho cc nhm HS hon thnh BT3 -GV yu cu 1 nhm trnh by -GV yu cu nhm khc b sung -GV b sung v nhn xt
-HS tho lun nhm,hon thnh BT3 . -i din nhm trnh by -i din nhm khc b sung -HS ch lng nghe
2 C th dng 1 trong cc p sau : -iu ch theo dy chuyn i NaCl HCl Cl2 Hot ng 4: Luyn gii bi tp Gio vin: o Xun Nhng - Trng THCS MinhTn, Huyn Lng, Tnh Ngh An 141
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------GV yu cu cc nhm HS hon -Cc nhm HS tho lun hon 3,2 = 0,05 mol nCu = thnh BT5 (GV c th hng thnh BT5 v xc nh cho c 64 dn HS theo cc bc: tm hiu y l dng ton hn hp 1 pt , a.Cc PTHH: ,tm tt bi, xc nh dng cht rn mu l Cu,nu cho Fe + CuSO4 FeSO4 + Cu (1) BT, nu PP gii) c cch tnh % Fe2O3 +6 HCl 2FeCl3 +3H2O -GV yu cu 1 nhm trnh by, -i din nhm trnh by, nhm nCu = nFe = 0,05mol theo (1) nhm khc nhn xt b sung khc nhn xt, b sung => mFe = 0,05 x 56 = 2,8g -GV nhn xt, b sung -HS ch lng nghe =>mFe2O3 = 4,8 2,8 = 2g 2,8 x100 %Fe = = 41,67% 4,8 %Fe2O3 = 58,33% *Cc hot ng dy v hc tit 2:Phn II: HO HU C *Gii thiu bi:Chng ta hon thnh chng trnh lm quen vi cc hp cht hu c, tit ny chng ta nhn li xem chng ta c c nhng hnh trang g v kin thc ho hc hu c i tip trn con ng tm hiu th gii t nhin v ng dng ca chng trong i sng v sn xut Hot ng 1:Cng thc cu to -Xem phn chun b -GV yu cu cc nhm HS hon -Cc nhm HS hon thnh phiu thnh phiu hc tp 1 hc tp s 1 -GV yu cu i din nhm trnh -i din nhm trnh by, nhm by, cc nhm khc nhn xt, b khc nhn xt, b sung sung -GV nhn xt, b sung Hot ng 2:Cc phn ng ho hc c bn -Xem phn chun b -GV yu cu cc nhm HS hon -Cc nhm HS hon thnh phiu thnh phiu hc tp s2 hc tp s 2 -GV hng dn HS chn cc -i din nhm trnh by, cc PTHH lm v d v hon thnh nhm khc nhn xt, b sung cc PTHH, ghi r iu kin p -GV nhn xt, b sung . Hot ng 3: Phn loi cc hp cht hu c -Xem phn chun b -GV yu cu cc nhm HS hon -Cc nhm HS hon thnh phiu thnh phiu hc tp s3 hc tp s 3 v hng dn hs phn loai,nu ng dng -GV yu cu i din nhm trnh -i din nhm trnh by, nhm by ,nhm khc b sung v nhn khc b sung v nhn xt xt Hot ng 4: Phn bit cc hp cht hu c
142
Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------BT4:Cu ng l cu C -GV yu cu HS hon thnh BT -Cc nhm HS hon thnh BT4 BT5: 4 -i din nhm trnh by, nhm a.TN1:Dng dd Ca(OH)2 nhn -GV nhn xt ,b sung khc b sung, nhn xt c kh CO2 . -GV yu cu HS hon thnh BT5 TN2: Dng dd brm d nhn -GV nhn xt, b sung qua tng -HS ch lng nghe c cc kh cn li BT a,b,c.(ch cn hng dn t b. TN1:Dng Na2CO3 nhn c m rn luyn k nng trnh by axit axetic . cho HS) TN2: Cho tc dng vi Na nhn c ru etylic . c. TN1: Cho tc dng vi Na2CO3 nhn c axit axetic TN2: Cho tc dng vi AgNO3 trong NH3 d nhn c glucoz Hot ng 5:Rn luyn k nng gii bi tp -GV yu cu HS hon thnh BT6 -HS tm hiu , xc nh dng 6,6 BT6:nCO2 = = 0,15mol (GV hng dn HS tm hiu , bi (tm CTPT), tm pp gii (tm 44 xc nh dng bi, tm pp gii ) mC, mH, mO nC, nH,, nO. nCO2= nC = 0,15mol -GV cho mt HS trnh by, cc CTPT) 2,7 nH2O = = 0,15mol HS khc b sung , gv nhn xt -HS trnh by v b sung 18 kt lun 2nH2O = nH = 0,15x2= 0,3mol mC= 0,15x 12= 1,8g mH= 0,3 x1= 0,3g mO= 4,5 -1,8 + 0,3 = 2,4g 2,4 nO= = 0,15mol 16 CTPT dng chung:CXHYOZ x : y : z = nC : nH : nO = 0,15: 0,3: 0,15= 1:2:1 (CH2O)n = 60 n= 2 C2H4O2 4/Tng kt, dn d: -Tit 1:GV tng kt li trong tit hc hm nay chng ta n c nhng ni dung chnh nh mi quan h gia cc loi cht , cch vit PTHH, thc hin dy bin ho,pp iu ch, ton hn hp. Dn d:lm bi tp:1,4 sgk GV c th hng dn nh sau: BT1:a. qu tm ; b. qu tm; c. H2O BT4: -Dng qu tm m, em t chy, lm lnh sn phm -Tit2:GV tng kt li trong tit hc hm nay chng ta n c nhng ni dung chnh nh : CTCT, cc P HH, ng dng, dy chuyn ho, nhn bit cc cht, tm CTPT Dn d:v nh lm BT: 3,7 GV c th hng dn nh sau: BT3: da vo tnh cht ho hc ca cc cht trong dy chuyn ho BT7:Da vo thnh phn phn t d on (protein) -n theo cng chun b thi hc k 2
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Giao An Hoa 9 Tron Bo Chuan KTKN

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Giao An Hoa 9 Tron Bo Chuan KTKN

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Gio n mn Ha hc Lp 9 Nm hc: 2010-2011, Thc hin theo chun kin thc v k nng ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------PHN PHI CHNG TRNH LP 9 MN HO HC HC K I Tit

-Hs tr li Hc sinh -Hs vn dng phn I dnh ngha v cho v d

Ngy son 25/8/10 Tun 2, Tit 3

MT S XT QUAN TRNG CAN XI OXIT (CaO)

-Gv b sung v kt lun

D .dd H2SO3 T/d vi kh O2,c xc tc

-Tc dng vi baz to thnh mui clorua v nc

-Tc dng vi oxt baz to thnh mui clorua v nc

-Tc dng vi baz to thnh mui sunfat v nc

-Tc dng vi oxit baz to thnh mui sunfat v nc

Hc sinh -i din hs c cch tin hnh th nghim -HS ch lng nghe

-Axt+oxtbaz Mui +Nc

-Axt +baz Mui+Nc

Gio vin -GV hng dn hs gii bi tp 1 trang 21

Hot ng 4:IV/ nh kim Ni dung bi ghi Kim loi c nh kim Lm trang sc

1/Tc dng vi phi kim: a. Tc dng vi oxi: 3Fe(r)+2O2(k) Fe3O4(r)

-HS tr li (Fe + O2)

b. Tc dung vi clo: -2Fe(r)+ 3Cl2(k) 2FeCl3(r) trng xm vng lc nu

-HS tr li cu hi theo yu cu ca gio vin 55

S N MN KIM LOI V BO V KIM LOI KHNG B N MN

Hot ng 2:Bi tp Ni dung bi ghi BT2

Ngy son: 19/12/2010 TRNG THCS MINH-TN chnh thc

KIM TRA HC K I, HO HC 9-TIT 36 Thi gian lm bi 45 im: Tng im 5 5 10

Vn dng Cu 2 (2) Cu 4 (3) 5

*Tc dng vi dd mui:

-HS ch lng nghe 82

3.Cl2 + NaOH NaCl+NaClO+ H2O

-HS tr li -HS nhn xt (C C), (C O C) -HS kt lun

-HS tr li -HS c th gi khng c

Ngy son:26/01/11 Tun 24, tit 45

Bi 36 M TAN Cng thc phn t: CH4 . Phn t khi : 16

-HS suy ngh tr li

AXETILEN Cng thc phn t: C2H2 Phn t khi: 26

Ngy son:16/02/11 Tun 25,tit 48

BEN ZEN Cng thc phn t:C6H6 Phn t khi 78

-HS tr li (da vo thng tin sgk )

-HS quan st, nu nhn xt v vit pthh

-HS c sgk v da vo thc t tr li cu hi

CH3COOH + Na2CO3 CH3COONa + H2O + CO2

-HS da vo SGK nu cc pp iu ch -HS da vo thc t tr li (ng, chui chin..)

4/Tng kt v vn dng: -GV yu cu HS in thng tin vo s cht bo l g ? vit ctct Cht bo c u?

Cht bo c nhng tnh ho hc g ?

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