DepartmentofDrinkingWaterandSanitation RajivGandhiNationalDrinkingWaterMission

BharatNirman:Ruraldrinkingwater

Bharat Nirman, a programme to build rural infrastructure, was launched by theGovernmentofIndiain2005.PhaseIoftheprogrammewasimplementedinthe period200506to200809.PhaseIIisbeingimplementedfrom200910to201112. Rural drinking water is one of the six components of Bharat Nirman. During the BharatNirmanPhaseIperiod,55,067uncoveredandabout3.31lakhslippedback habitationsweretobecoveredwithprovisionsofdrinkingwaterfacilitiesand2.17 lakhqualityaffectedhabitationsweretobeaddressedforwaterqualityproblem. While prioritizing the addressal of the water quality problem, arsenic and fluoride affected habitations have been accorded priority followed by iron, salinity, nitrate and other contaminants. To ensure that habitations once provided with drinking water supply infrastructure do not slip back and face drinking water problem, sustainability of drinking water sources and systems has been accorded high priority. To achieve drinking water security at village/ habitation level, conjunctive use of water i.e. judicious use of rainwater, surface water and ground waterispromoted. To enable the rural community to shoulder responsibility in management, operation and maintenance of water supply systems at village level, decentralized, demanddriven, communitymanaged approach has been adopted. To further strengthencommunityparticipationinthedrinkingwatersectortheNationalRural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance programme was launched in February,2006underwhich5personsineachGramPanchayataretobetrainedto carry out regular surveillance of drinking water sources for which 100% financial assistanceincludingwatertestingkits,areprovided. PhysicalProgress: i) Uncovered habitations: Against 55,067 uncovered habitations to be covered during the Bharat Nirman period, 54,440 habitations have been covered during PhaseI. During 200910, 251 habitations out of 586 targetted habitations werecovered.Inthefirstquarterof201011,only1habitationhasbeenreportedas covered against the target of 376 habitations. The strategy adopted under the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) is to cover uncovered habitationstoensurethattheruralpopulationgetsatleast40lpcdandadditional 30litreforcattleinDDPareasofpotablewaterfromsourceslyingwithinthevillage ornearby. ii) Qualityaffected habitations: More than 85% of the sources in rural drinking water supply schemes are groundwater based. Under the NRDWP, chemical contaminants which are sought to be tackled are excess arsenic, fluoride, iron, salinity and nitrate. Except for nitrate, all others occur naturally. Nitrate occurs in drinkingwaterduetoleachingofchemicalfertilizersandsewerage.Thestrategyof the Department is to prioritize addressing the problems of arsenic and fluoride in drinking water through alternative surface water sources. The treatment technologiesthatareavailableforremovalofexcessarsenicandfluoridearestillnot foolproof in respect of reject management and operation & maintenance issues.

Though a target of 2.17 lakh quality affected habitations was identified at the beginning of Bharat Nirman, the States submitted an action plan for covering only 1,95,813suchhabitations.Ason1.04.2006,therewere7,067habitationsreportedto beafflictedwitharsenicand29,070habitationswithfluoridecontamination.Priority has been given to address the problems in these habitations. It must be admitted however, that due to expansion of testing, more areas are identified as having problemsofquality. At the beginning of Bharat Nirman period there were 1,04,437 rural habitations affected with excess iron in drinking water sources. The focus of the Department is to tackle excess iron problem through aeration based technology or lowcostterracottabasedfiltrationtechnique.StatessuchasKarnataka andOrissa havealreadytakenupthechallengeoftacklingthiscontaminationthroughlowcost terracottabasedfiltrationtechnology. In respect of salinity, 12,425 habitations were having a problem at the beginningofBharatNirmanperiod.Althoughthereareanumberoftechnologieslike distillation, ionexchange, reversible osmosis , electrodialysis etc., these being expensive solutions the focus of the Department is to tackle this problem through dilutionofgroundwaterthroughartificialrechargeofgroundwater. The strategy of the Department to tackle excess nitrate is by improving sanitary conditions. At the beginning of Bharat Nirman period, 19,387 habitations wereafflictedwithexcessnitrate. As reported by the States, 3,10,698 habitations were addressed by sanctioned projects of these 50,168 habitations have been fully covered with completed projects to provide safe water supply during PhaseI. As on 1.4.2009 at the beginning of Bharat Nirman phaseII states reported that 1,79,999 quality affectedhabitationswereremainingtobecovered.Oftheseduring200910,32,734 and during 201011 in the first quarter, 1621 habitations have been reported as covered. Thus, in all during Bharat Nirman phaseI and II, 84,523 habitations have beenfullycoveredwithcompletedschemes.ThegoaloftheDepartmentistocover allremainingwaterqualityaffectedhabitationswithsafedrinkingwaterbytheend ofPhaseII. FinancialProgress: Fortheruralwatersupply,componentofBharatNirman,,itwasenvisagedthatRs. 25,300 crores would be required as Central share during 4 years. Accordingly in 200506,Rs.4,098croresandin200607Rs.4,560croreswere utilized.Inthe11th Planperiod,in200708,Rs.6,442.76crores,in200809,Rs.7,298.79croresandin 200910,Rs.7,989.72croreshavebeenutilized.For201011,Rs9000croreisthe budgetforruraldrinkingwateroutofwhich3920.50crorehavebeenutilized.

Bharat Nirman- Rural Drinking Water

Target and Achievement during Phase I (2005-06 to 2008-09) Target ( Balance as on 1.4.2005) Sl. No Coverage

State/UT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

ANDHRA PR. ARUNACHAL PR. ASSAM BIHAR CHHATTISGARH GOA GUJARAT HARYANA HIMACHAL PR. J&K JHARKHAND KARNATAKA KERALA M.P. MAHARASHTRA MANIPUR MEGHALAYA MIZORAM NAGALAND ORISSA PUNJAB RAJASTHAN SIKKIM TAMILNADU TRIPURA UTTAR PRADESH UTTARANCHAL WEST BENGAL A & N ISLANDS D & N HAVELI DAMAN & DIU DELHI LAKSHADWEEP PONDICHERRY CHANDIGARH

UnSlipped Quality covered Back affected Habs 0 29744 4050 668 2752 0 7375 10636 8119 0 47597 776 0 19007 5021 6 0 0 36 4389 8717 0 2506 361 6891 9308 0 3211 3138 49 0 17225 168 5618 809 21008 7573 421 867 0 37269 5381 17738 11579 3787 0 80 37 251 4341 160 112 271 26 731 202 157 0 14900 32254 1931 5247 2093 2300 33680 41072 74 783 0 0 44080 5574 0 651 7031 0 19886 5062 272 7567 0 0 3536 65156 102 0 26 60 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 10 0 0 108 0 16 0 0 0

Total 33794 3420 26130 48373 24028 6 13142 2867 16199 6398 17393 27435 8861 42650 33104 117 4752 409 1090 47154 9271 77052 857 49654 7682 24948 7839 68692 128 60 0 0 10 124 0

Uncovered 0 668 7375 0 0 6 36 0 6891 3211 0 5618 7573 0 17738 0 251 112 731 0 1786 1871 74 0 0 0 237 0 94 60 0 0 0 108 0 54,440

Slipped Back 28598 870 8829 42705 29547 1 6046 2860 9653 782 17005 8717 3946 38512 14338 517 3563 357 141 39902 2198 26897 510 33123 825 24629 5611 7635 0 0 0 0 0 45 0 3,58,362

Quality affected Habs* 2611 401 2478 6306 1042 0 3551 205 0 0 457 3238 691 559 3622 0 98 26 46 5124 703 5355 0 1300 683 3853 0 7728 0 0 0 0 0 91 0

Total 31209 1939 18682 49011 30589 7 9633 3065 16544 3993 17462 17573 12210 39071 35698 517 3912 495 918 45026 4687 34123 584 34423 1508 28482 5848 15363 94 60 0 0 0 244 0

TOTAL

55,067 3,31,604 2,16,968 6,03,639

50,168 4,62,970

*Actuallycoveredhabitations.Inearlierreportcoverageincludeshabitationsofongoingschemes makingtotalof3,10,698habitations.

DMU Quarterly Report Bharat Nirman- Phase II (2009-10 to 2011-12)

A. Un-Covered Habitations Sl. No. States Balance Habitations as on 1.4.2009 145 429 35 8 10 627 2009-10 Target 145 406 35 Achievement 129 113 9 2010-11 Target Achievement 16 1 316 26 8 10 376 1 Target 2011-12 Achievement Cumulative Achievement 130 113 9

1 2 3 4 5

PUNJAB RAJASTHAN UTTARAKHAND A & N ISLANDS LAKSHADWEEP TOTAL

586

251

252

DMU Quarterly Report Bharat Nirman- Phase II (2009-10 to 2011-12)

B. Quality affected habitations Sl. No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35
Quality-affected Habitations as on 1.4.09 ANDHRA PRADESH 1,097 ARUNACHAL PRADESH 274 ASSAM 26,589 BIHAR 34,909 CHHATTISGARH 8,379 GOA 0 GUJARAT 948 HARYANA 179 HIMACHAL PRADESH 88 JAMMU & KASHMIR 6 JHARKHAND 815 KARNATAKA 8,559 KERALA 1,879 M.P. 5,385 MAHARASHTRA 3,989 MANIPUR 5 MEGHALAYA 107 MIZORAM 0 NAGALAND 157 ORISSA 23,676 PUNJAB 864 RAJASTHAN 37,658 SIKKIM 0 TAMILNADU 637 TRIPURA 7,102 UTTAR PRADESH 5,911 UTTARANCHAL 9 WEST BENGAL 10,773 A & N ISLANDS 0 DADRA NAGAR HAVELI 0 DAMAN & DIU 0 DELHI 0 LAKSHADWEEP 0 PONDICHERRY 4 CHANDIGARH 0 TOTAL 179,999

States

2009-10 Target Achievement 126 223 34 38 6868 6071 7748 10221 3551 1269 0 390 451 88 94 13 12 1 1 132 225 2,638 2508 152 114 502 643 2086 1008 0 8 6 0 20 19 3452 2314 466 271 1210 3154 0 0 1 1346 733 1558 1565 0 2202 1789 0 0 0 0 0 4 4
34,595 32,734

2010-11 Target 810 264 3515 7909 3426 0 391 36 42 310 432 4002 47 700 4124 25 102 0 105 1721 392 3977 0 1009 309 2142 0 5304 Achievement 5
70 171 374 63

2011-12 Target Achievement

Cumulative Achievement
228 38 6141 10392 1643 514 94 12 1 243 2539 114 704 1215 6 19 2577 278 3247 1 793 1731 1821

18 31 61 207

263 7 93

60 166 32

4 41,094 1,621 34,355