nguPhn 1 Tm hiu v packet tracer

Gii thiu: Packet Tracer l mt phn mm gi lp mng dng trong hc tp s dng cc thit b mng (router/switch) ca Cisco. N c hng Cisco cung cp min ph cho cc trng lp, sinh vin ang ging dy/ theo hc chng trnh mng ca Cisco. Sn phm cung cp mt cng c nghin cu cc nguyn tc c bn ca mng v cc k nng lm vic vi h thng Cisco. Giao din chng trnh:

Chn thit b gc tri bn di, chn model khung bn phi ri ko ra mn hnh chnh. V d y ta chn router 1841.

cu hnh cho router, kch p chut vo hnh router. Mt ca s cu hnh s hin ra:

Ca s cu hnh c 3 tab. - Tab physical: c chc nng lit k nhng cu hnh v vt l, ta c th thm bt cc thnh phn vt l ca thit b. - Tab config : dng cu hnh router - Tab CLI ; dng cu hnh router nhng l dng dng lnh. kt ni 2 thit b vi nhau, ta chn nhm thit b conection v chn loi cp ni khung bn phi

Packet tracer cho php thit lp kt ni trc tip gia 2 my tinh hoc kt ni qua switch . Kt ni trc tip 2 my tnh kt ni 2 my tinh vi nhau. Ta chn nhm thit b end devices ri ko 2 PCPT ra mn hnh chnh.

Ta chn loi cp Copper Cross-Over. Kt ni 2 my bng phng thc fast internet.

 2 my tnh c th kt ni c vi nhau, cn t a ch ip cho 2 my thch hp. Kch p vo hnh PC => sang tab destop => kch vo IP Configuration v t a ch IP cho my tnh. Lu 2 my c th kt ni c th a ch IP ca 2 my phi cng lp mng.

Kt ni qua switch Ta ko ra mn hnh 2 PC v mt Switch

Ta chn cp copper straight ni my tnh vi switch:

 2 my giao tip c vi nhau, ta cng t a ch ip cho 2 my nh trn. Ta c th kt to mt server kt ni vi h thng mng trn. t a ch ip cho server cng lp mng vi 2 my pc.

Ngoi ra Packet tracer cn h tr rt nhiu thit b. phng thc kt ni khc cu hnh mt mng my tnh.

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Phn 2 Mobile IP

I Tng giao thc

Cc thnh phn ca mobile ip - Nt di ng MN: l thit b c ci dt phn mm Mobile IP client. MN c gn vi mt IP c nh gi l a ch thng ch HA(Home Address). V d in thoi, hay nt thit b kt ni 3G - i din thng ch HA(Home Agent) : i din cho MN khi MN i ra khi mng thng ch, c vai tr nhn thng tin gi n MN v tip tc truyn n a ch mi ca MN. -i din tm tr FA(Foreign Agent): l mt router trong mng hot ng nh im gi km cho MN khi n di chuyn n mng khc, c nhim v nhn thng tin t HA ri gi cho MN

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-a ch tm ch CoA(Care off Address): l a ch c cp cho MN khi n di chuyn sang mng thng tr . a ch ny phi ng k vi HA. -CN : l mt thit b, sever lin lc vi MN. II Nhng vn cn gii quyt -Khi mt nt ri khi mng thng tr, lm th no bit n ra khi mng thng tr hay cha cng nh tm i din mi mng khch? - Khi MN di chuyn t mt mng tm tr ny sang mng tm tr khc, lm sao trao i thng tin vn din ra bnh thng. III Cc gii php MN vn gi nguyn a ch IP (Home Address) d thay i im lin kt vi Internet. MN lun c nhn dng bi a ch ny MN c cp thm mt a ch ph (COA: Care-Of Address) mi khi chuyn n mng mi khng phi l mng gc ca n. MN c th nhn a ch ny l t my ch DHCP hoc s dng IP ca i din tm tr FA (Foreign Agent). S di ng ca MN hon ton trong sut i vi cc lp trn lp IP; Ngha l cc ng dng hot ng nh khi MN khng di chuyn. IV Nguyn l lm vic Giao thc Mobile IP c 4 giai on: 1. Pht hin mng hin ti ca MN HA v FA thng xuyn gi qung b mt gi tin thng bo v s c mt ca MN ny. Gi tin ny c gi qung b v gi theo chu k. Nh m MN pht hin l n ang mng khc, v n s tin hnh qu trnh tm kim i din tm tr ca n. Ngoi ra MN cng c th gi yu cu ln agent bo agent gi thng tin, c qu trnh ny c gi l Agent Discovery 2. ng k Nu mt MN xc nh c n ang home network, n s hot ng m khng cn n bt k dch v di ng no
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Nu MN ang trong mng mi, n s ng k FA bng cch gi Registration Request Message (thng bo yu cu ng k) bao gm a ch IP c nh ca n v a ch IP ca HA FA s thc hin qu trnh ng k bng cch i din cho MN gi Registration Request gm a ch c nh ca MN v a ch IP ca FA cho HA Khi HA nhn c Registration Request, n s cp nht kt ni di ng bng cch kt hp CoA ca MN vi HA HA gi thng bo xc nhn cho foreign agent FA s cp nht danh sch khch bng cch thm MN v tr li ti MN

Qu trnh ng k:

3. Truyn d liu Khi mt CN mun lin lc vi MN, n gi mt IP packet ti a ch c nh ca MN HA s chn gi tin ny v tra cu mobility binding table v tm kim nu MN ang mt mng khc HA tra cu CoA ca MN v to mt IP header mi xc nh IP ca ch n, IP packet ban u c t vo packet ny, Packet ny s c gi i.

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 Khi gi c ng gi ny c chuyn ti mng hin thi ca MN , FA s m gi v tm home address ca MN. Sau n s tra cu visitor list tm nu c mt entry cho MN . Nu c mt entry cho MN trong visitor list, FA s tm media address tng ng v sp xp gi cho MN Nu MN mun gi mt thng bo cho CN, n s gi packet FA, sau packet s c gi cho CN s dng nh tuyn IP thng thng FA tip tc phc v MN cho n khi lifetime kt thc. Nu MN mun tip tc c phc v, n s phi gi li yu cu ng k Qu trnh truyn

4. Hy ng k Nu mt MN mun b CoA, n phi xa ng k vi HA N s to mt Registration Request lifetime = 0 v khng cn phi xa ng k vi FA v ng k s t ng ht hiu lc khi lifetime tr thnh 0 Mc du vy nu MN ti mt mng mi th foreign network c s khng bit CoA mi ca MN. Do vy d liu gi ti t HA ti FA c s b mt. V Khun dng d liu Gi tin qung b:
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Gii thch cc trng: Trng Type Length Sequence number Registration lifetime R B H F M G r T Reserved ngha Loi gi tin. di gi tin. S byte u tin cha trong gi tin . Thi gian tn ti ca gi tin. MN phi ng k s dng i din tm tr. i din bn v khng chp nhn ng k t MN. HA. i din ny cung cp dch v nh l mt i din thng tr vo lin kt ny thng bo i din qung b c gi FA. i din ny cung cp dch v nh l mt i din tm tr vo lin kt ny thng bo i din qung b c gi i l ny h tr nhn gi tin (t HA) s dng ng gi nh nht cho gi tin c xc nh ti RFC 2004. i l ny h tr nhn gi tin t HA s dng gi GRE c xc nh ti RFC 2784. Bt d tr( =0) i din ny h tr o ng truyn nh c xc nh ti RFC 3024 Cc bit d tr

Gi tin ng k:

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Trng Type S B

ngha Type =1 =>Yu cu ng k MN yu cu b sung MN yu cu gi tin qung b c truyn cng vi bt k mt gi tin no c quy nh c th D MN m gi tin c truyn n CoA. M MN yu cu HA s dng ng gi nh nht cho gi tin, G MN yu cu s dng ng gi GRE cho gi tin truyn n MN r Bit dng d tr(mc nh l 0) T MN yu cu s dng ng truyn ngc. x Bit d tr(= 0) Lifetime Thi gian tn ti ca gi tin ng k Node Adress a ch ca nt di ng Home Agent i din thng tr Care-of Adress a ch tng tr Request/response nh danh gi tin ng k indentification Request/response nh danh gi tin ng k lin tc indentification (continued)
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Extensions

Phn m rng.

Gi tin phn hi:

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Trng Type Reply code Lifetime Node address Home agent Request/response indentification Request/response indentification continued extension

ngha Nu gi tr bng 3 th phn hi ng k. M phn hi Thi gian tn ti ca gi tin phn hi a ch ca nt di ng i din thng tr nh danh yu cu nh danh yu cu lin tc

Phn m rng

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