Chapter I The Problem its Setting Introduction: Caffeine is a mild CNS stimulant.

It increases the alertness and is useful in staying awake. Caffeine is a 1, 3, 7-trimethylxanthine. Its major sources are beverages (tea, cocoa and coffee). Caffeine is probably the most widely used social drug worldwide. Caffeine is used in combination to relieve vascular headaches. Caffeine is used parenterally for the treatment of respiratory depression. How many of you here consider yourself caffeine addicts? How much soda do you drink a day? One bottle? Two cans? More? How about coffee? Caffeine can have many different effects on the body depending on the amount of consumption. Caffeine is pervasive in our society these days and every few months we hear about how a study has shown that it is bad for us or good for us. What are we to believe? We will discuss the beneficial effects of caffeine, the negative effects and discuss what are considered safe levels of caffeine consumption. 3. Conceptual

Abstract:

Examined the effects of caffeine and psychological stress on systolic blood pressure (SBP) and heart rate (HR) in 40 healthy Black and White male college students (aged 1835 yrs) who were regular coffee drinkers. Half the Ss had a positive family history of hypertension, and half did not. The effects of 250 mg of caffeine vs placebo (3 mg) in decaffeinated coffee were compared in a within-subject, double-blind, cross-over design. Results confirm previous findings (J. D. Lane and R. B. Williams; see record 1988-19531-001 ) with White men that a moderate dose of caffeine produced significant increases in SBP and little effect on HR and that the pressor effects of caffeine and stress combined additively (W. Greenberg and D. Shapiro; see record 1988-20603-001

4. Statement of the problem a. . Age, gender b. what are the beneficial effects of caffeine? Caffeine is a central nervous stimulant and can have some positive effects on the human body. Caffeine in low doses is thought to be associated with an improvement in sporting performance, increased alertness and reduction in fatigue potentially lifting a persons mood. Coffee and tea also contain some antioxidants which have positive effects on heart health. c. what are the negative effects of caffeine? However, increased amounts of caffeine lead to dependency due to increased tolerance and hence the need for greater amounts to gain the same stimulatory benefits. Heavy users who have to go without can experience withdrawal symptoms such as headaches and fatigue. Too much caffeine can produce restlessness, nausea, sleep difficulties, upset stomach, increased urine production causing dehydration, and cardiac arrhythmias (irregular heartbeats). It has also been associated with elevated blood pressure in sensitive persons.

5. Assumption: In this study the readers will know about the effects of caffeine in our human body. The readers will have knowledge about the advantages or disadvantages of caffeine in our body. RISKS OF CAFFEINE Two cups of coffee a day is considered an acceptable amount. Caffeine does not become a problem until you start consuming an excessive amount of it. As your body gets used to caffeine, it becomes addicted to it. The symptoms for drinking too much caffeine and the symptoms for caffeine withdrawal are very similar. EXCESS CAFFEINE - Too much caffeine can cause an array of problems including: *Restlessness *Irritability *Anxiety *Heartburn *Headaches (sometimes severe) *High blood pressure *Sleeplessness *Rapid heartbeat *Nausea CAFFEINE WITHDRAWAL - Symptoms can begin as soon as 12 hours after your last cup, depending on the amount of caffeine your body is used to. Symptoms can last for up to a week and include: *Restlessness *Irritability *Anxiety *Headaches (sometimes severe)

*Muscle stiffness *Chills and/or hot spells If you are attempting to reduce your caffeine intake, do so gradually. Cutting back slowly will help you avoid some of the withdrawal symptoms. If you simply must have a cup of something in the morning, try decaf or an herbal tea. CAFFEINE ALTERNATIVES Most people who drink coffee regularly, do so to combat fatigue. Regular coffee consumption increases tolerance to caffeine, resulting in a greater dependence on it. There are other options to deal with fatigue that do not rely on caffeine. *EAT BREAKFAST. Having a healthy breakfast (Include protein, not donuts!) every morning revs up your metabolism, improves your concentration, and makes it much easier to get through the morning. *EAT A SNACK. If you find yourself getting sluggish by the middle of the morning, eat a healthy snack like fruit, whole grain crackers or yogurt. Complex carbohydrates supply your body with the energy it needs to be effective. *MOVE THROUGHOUT THE DAY. Take the stairs instead of the elevator, walk during your break or at lunch, and get up and stretch as often as possible during your day. Regular physical movement makes your heart pump harder and helps your body fight fatigue. *AVOID TOO MUCH FAT. If you find yourself falling asleep at your desk by 3:00 every afternoon, a high-fat lunch may be to blame. After you eat, your body is busy with the digestion process and distributing nutrients to the proper places. If you consume a lot of fat, it takes your body longer to work through the digestion process, causing you to feel more tired.

6. Hypothesis of the Study High levels of caffeine consumption will result in unhealthy results to the body People who consume more caffeine while working, studying or doing something would exhibit negative and unhealthy habits, especially when doing complicated problems or tasks Caffeine sensitivity is most affected by the amount of caffeine a person has daily. People who regularly take in a lot of caffeine soon develop less sensitivity to it. Caffeine is a diuretic, meaning it causes a person to urinate (pee) more. It's not clear whether this causes dehydration or not Caffeine may also cause the body to lose calcium, and that can lead to bone loss over time. Drinking caffeine-containing soft drinks and coffee instead of milk can

have an even greater impact on bone density and the risk of developing osteoporosis Caffeine is sometimes used to treat migraine headaches, it can make headaches worse for some people

7.Significance of the Study

8.

9. Definition of terms: Caffeine bitter alkaloid in a coffee, tea, cacao and nuts Insomnia prolonged and usually abnormal inability to obtain adequate sleep. Endurance ability to withstand hardship and adversity. Beverages drinkable liquid Coffee beverage made by percolation infusion/decoction from the roasted and ground seed of a coffee plant. Soda sweet drink consisting of soda, water, flavoring and of a tea ice cream. Tea aromatic beverage prepared from tea leaves by infusion with boiling water. Fatigue temporary loss of power. Central nervous system which in vertebrates consist of brain and spinal cord. Testosterone hormone that is a hydroxyl steroid ice tone produce specially by the testes/made synthetically and that is the responsible for inducing and maintaining made secondary sex character.

10. Notes:
http://www.disabled-world.com/artman/publish/caffeine.shtml#ixzz1jgQHt6bk

http://www.topendsports.com/health/caffeine.htm