Do An 2 Da Chinh Sua 2003

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3
GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG
CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V TRM BIN P

1.1 Tng quan v trm bin p : Trm bin p l mt trong nhng phn t quan trng trong h thng in. Trm bin p c nhim v chnh l bin in p n cp thch hp nhm phn phi cho cc ph ti m trm bin p m nhim. Mt khc trm bin p cng c bit n nh mt cng trnh thu nhn in nng. in nng c in p U1 (p s cp) phn phi cho cc ph ti c in p khc U2 (p th cp). Theo cc cp in p ta chia trm bin p thnh hai loi:
-
Trm tng p: Nng in p t cp in p thanh ci ln cao truyn ti i xa, thng t gn nh my in. Trm bin p loi ny c in p th cp ln hn in p s cp. Trm h p : Ly ngun t h thng xung cung cp in cho cc ph ti tiu th, thng t gn . Trm bin p loi ny c in p th cp thp hn in p s cp.
Ngoi ra da vo tnh cht, qui m ca trm bin p chia thnh hai loi: - Trm bin p trung gian ( Trm bin p khu vc ) : Thng c in p s cp ln (500;220;110 kV) cung cp cho mt khu vc ph ti ln nh cc vng min, tnh thnh, khu cng nghip ln ..
-
Trm bin pin p phn phi ( Trm bin p a phng ): Ly ngun t trm bin p khu vc bin i xung cc cp in p thch hp phn phi trc tip cho cc ph ti tiu th nh x nghip, khu dn c thng c cp in p th cp thp (10, 0.4 kV).
Ti cc trm bin p c cc thit b ng ct, iu khin, bo v r le v o lng cn gi l thit b phn phi in. 1.2 Ni dung thit k & th ph ti trm bin p (TBA) 1.2.1 Nhng vn chnh khi chn v tr t trm: - Gn cc ph ti. - Thun tin trong giao thng chuyn ch cc thit b xy dng trm. N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 1
- Khng nn t trm cc trung tm thnh ph. - Trnh cc vng t d st l. - Trnh xa cc khu cht n, khu nhin liu, cc ng dn du, kh t Tm li: Vic chn v tr c nh t trm l kh quan trng v n kt hp nhiu yu t. 1.2.2 Ni dung thit k: - Xc nh ph ti in cc cp, chn s cu trc, s ni in, tnh ton chn my bin p. - Tnh tn tht cng sut (P), tn tht in nng (A) ca MBA - Tnh ton ngn mch cho trm, chn cc kh c in chnh (my ct, dao cch ly, BU, BI, CSV, S) - Tnh ton chn thanh gp cho cc cp in p, tnh ton dy dn t ngun n trm bin p v mch ph ti. - Tnh ton kinh t - k thut cho phng n chn, tnh t dng cho trm bin p. 1.2.3 Xc nh ph ti in cc cp: Ph ti 220 kV : Cc s liu ph ti:
-
Cng sut
: 65 MVA
H s cng sut : Cos= 0.75 S ng dy :6
th ph ti cp 220 kV :
% 100 80 60
N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P
Trang 2
40 20 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 gi
Trang 3
Ph ti 110 kV : - Cng sut

-
: 40 MVA
H s cng sut : Cos = 0.8 :8
- S ng dy
th ph ti 110 kV:
% 100 80 60 40 20 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 gi
Ph ti 22 kV : : 46 MVA
- Cng sut
-
H s cng sut: Cos = 0.8 :1
- S ng dy
% 100 80 60
Trang 4
40 20 0

8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
gi
Cn bng cng sut v ph ti tnh ton:
Cn bng cng sut: L cn bng cng sut phn khng v cng sut tc dng. S thiu ht trong hai i lng ny u nh hng xu n cht lng in nng v yu cu cung cp in. Thng thng trong mng in , tn tht cng sut phn khng ln hn tn tht cng sut tc dng , s thiu ht cng sut phn khng s c nh hng xu n tnh hnh lm vic ca cc h thng in. V vy m bo cho mt h thng in vn hnh bnh thng th cng sut ca h thng a n phi cung cp m bo cho ph ti lc cc i v phi ln hn ph ti ca n.
S = S220 + S110 + S22 + STD

STD l cng sut t dng ca trm s dng vo vic chiu sng v lm mt cho MBA v c tnh khong 0.4 MVA. a. Bng cn bng cng sut.
STT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Cp 220 kV Cp 110 kV 0-4 52 24 4-8 65 32 8 - 12 65 32 12 - 14 52 32 14 - 16 65 32 16 - 20 65 40 20 - 24 52 32 b. th ph ti ton trm:
Thi gian
Ph ti in p (MVA)
STD(MVA)
STng(MVA)
Cp 22 kV 18.4 36.8 46 46 46 46 27.6
S (%)
0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
94.9 134.3 143.5 130.5 143.5 151.5 112,1
62.6 88.6 94.7 86.1 94.7 100 74
Da vo bng cn bng cng sut tnh ta c th ph ti nh sau:
S(MVA)
160
151,5
Trang 5
143,5
120
112,1
80 40
8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24
gi
Nhn xt:
Trn th ti ta thy ph ti tiu th khng u, th khng bng phng, thi gian ph ti tiu th in nng nhiu nht vo lc 14 gi n 20 gi. Cng sut tiu th cc i l 151.4 MVA v cc tiu l 94.8 MVA. chch lch gia hai gi tr ny tng i cao, nn khi chn la MBA cn ch y ti kh nng qu ti v tui th ca MBA.
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CHNG 2: CHN S CU TRC, S NI IN, TNH TON CHN MBA

2.1 TNG QUAN S cu trc TBA l s din t mi lin h gia ngun v ti. y, ngun l phn s cp c ni vi h thng v ti l phn th cp c nhim v cung cp cho cc ph ti m TBA m nhn. Do h thng lun c xem l phn quan trng, cu trc ca TBA phi lun c gi lin lc cht ch. Khi thit k TBA, vic chn s cu trc l phn quan trng c nh hng n ton b thit k. Cc yu cu khi chn s cu trc: - C tnh kh thi,tc l c th chn c cc thit b chnh nh : MBA, my ct, ., cng nh kh nng thi cng xy lp v vn hnh. - Phi c tnh tin cy cao, m bo khi vn hnh ch bnh thng cng nh ch cng bc. - Phi kinh t, ngha l hao tn qua MBA phi b, vn u t t v cng t chim din tch cng tt.
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C kh nng pht trin hoc nng cp trong tng lai gn m khng cn thay i cu trc chn.
Khi chn cu trc cn cn nhc cc vn sau: - S lng MBA - Tng cng sut MBA - Tng u t mua my
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Tn hao in nng tng qua cc MBA
2.2 S CU TRC TBA
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TBA l mt cng trnh nhn in bng 1 hay 2 ngun cung cp vi in p cao phn phi cho cc ph ti cc cp in p bng hoc b hn in p h thng thng qua MBA h, phn cn li qua MBA gim c in p ph hp vi ph ti.
Ph thuc vo cp in p v cng sut ca ph ti c th s dng 1 trong 3 phng n sau:

-
Qua MBA gim dn t in p cao xung .( Hnh a) Dng MBA 3 cun dy (hoc MBA t ngu) nu in p trung 110 kV (Hnh b) Qua cc MBA 2 cun dy cung cp cho tng cp in p thp.(Hnh c)
UC
UC SC
UC
UT
UH ST
UT
UT
UH
UH
SH
Hnh a
A.
Hnh b
Hnh c
S lng MBA : C th l 1 2 3. a. Mt MBA : - c dng trong trng hp ph ti khng quan trng, trm c cung cp bng mt ng dy t h thng n.
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TBA khi xy dng thng chia lm hai giai on, giai on u t mt my, khi ph ti pht trin (trong 2,3 nm sau) s t thm MBA th hai. Thit k nh vy c u im khng phi t hai my ngay t u nu chn cng sut MBA theo ph ti sau khi pht trin. Thit k nh vy vn u t ban u nh.
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b. Hai MBA : L phng n thng c s dng nht v tnh m bo cao. Phng n ny c thit k khi: C 2 ng dy cung cp t h thng. Khi khng c MBA ln ph hp vi ph ti. Khng c kh nng chuyn ch v xy lp MBA ln.
c.
Ba MBA : Ch s dng trong trng hp c bit
Khi khng c 2 MBA ph hp. TBA xy dng, khi pht trin ph ti khng c kh nng thay 2 MBA mi phi t thm my th 3. t 3 MBA thng a n tng vn u t, tng din tch xy dng, phc tp xy lp. t bit khi s dng MBA ba cun dy hay t ngu khng nn dng ba MBA lm vic song song. B. Cc phng n.
Phng n 1: ( Hnh a )
Khi ph ti cc cp in p thp b hn ph ti cp in p cao ST > SH
Khi khng c MBA ba cun dy thch hp. Phng n ny c nhc im l MBA cp mt ( in p ln nht) phi ti c cng sut cc cp ni tip,do phi chn cng sut ln, tn hao c th ln v vy khng nn s dng khi ph ti: SH ST
Phng n 2: (Hnh b ) S dng hai MBA ba cun dy khi in p cao: UC = 110 kV, UT = 22, 35 kV, UH 6 kV
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Hoc s dng MBA t ngu khi: UC 220 kV; UT 110 kV, UH = 10, 22, 35, 110 kV. Phng n ny c nhiu u m: - S lng MBA ch c hai, chim t din tch xy lp. - Gi thnh thp, tn hao trong MBA c th nh hn cc phng n 1, 3 v khng phi qua hai ln bin p. Tuy nhin, khng phi trng hp no cng kh thi v:
-
MBA ba cun dy ch ch to vi in p UH 6 kV MBA t ngu ch ch to vi in p UT 110 kV
- Khi cng sut ln kch thc v trng lng MBA ln c th khng cho php khi chuyn ch v xy lp.
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Khi cng sut ca cc cun chnh lch qu nhiu Kt lun: Phng n ny kh thi cho thit k.
Phng n 3: ( Hnh c ) Dng MBA hai cun dy ti cng sut t in p cao sang trung v sang h. Phng n ny c nhc im: - Tng s lng MBA dn n chim nhiu din tch
-
Tch TBA thnh hai phn ring bit ( hai TBA t chung trong mt ni). Tuy nhin phng n ny s dng khi ph ti UT v UH chnh lch nhiu H THNG m khng th dng phng n 1 & 2. Kt lun: Phng n ny c nhiu hn ch v t c s dng.
Kt lun chung: Do nhng yu t u v khuyn im ca ba phng n nn ti ny thit k TBA c UC = 220 kV, UT = 110kV nn ta dng MBA t ngu (chn phng n 2).
S CU TRC CHO TON H THNG
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220 kV
22 kV
110 kV
0.4 kV
T dng
Trang 11
2.3
S NI IN: A. TNG QUT S ni in l mt hnh v biu din quan h gia cc thit b, kh c in c nhim v nhn in t cc ngun cung cp phn phi cho cc ph ti cng mt cp in p. Ngun in c th l MBA, my pht in, ng dy c ung cp. Ph ti c th l MBA, ng dy . Mi ngun hay ti gi l mt phn t ca s ni in. Thanh gp l ni tp trung cc ngun in v phn phi cho cc ph ti. S ni in c nhiu dng khc nhau ph thuc vo cp in p, s phn t ngun v ti, cng sut tng, tnh cht quan trng ca cc ph ti . S ni in cn tha mn cc yu cu sau: Tnh m bo cung cp in theo yu cu hay s quan trng ca ph ti m mc m bo cn p ng. Tnh m bo ca s ni in c th nh gi qua tin cy ung cp in, thi gian ngng cung cp in, in nng khng cung cp cho cc h tiu th hay l s thit hi ca ph ti do khng m bo cung cp in.
1.
Tnh linh hot, l s thch ng vi cc ch lm vic khc nhau. V d: Khi phi ngng mt phn t ngun hay ti ( ch lm vic cng bc).
2.
Tnh pht trin: S ni in cn tha mn khng nhng hin ti m c trong tng lai gn khi tng thm ngun hay ti. Khi pht trin khng b kh khn hay phi ph b thay i cu trc s .
3.
4. Tnh kinh t: Th hin vn u t ban u v cc chi ph hng nm. V d, tn tht in nng qua MBA. Cng cn quan tm tnh hin i ca s cng nh xu th chung, c bit s tin b trong ch to, cu trc ca cc kh c in nh my ct in.
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Bng cc k hiu s ni in:
STT Tn thit b 01 My pht in

~
K hiu
STT 07
Tn thit b My ct
K hiu
02
MBA 2 cun dy
08
Dao cch ly
03
MBA 3 cun dy
04
MBA t ngu
05
Cu ch
06
Ni t
Trang 13
B. CC DNG S NI IN Cn c vo s thanh gp, vo s my ct in cung cp cho cc phn t, s ni in chia lm ba nhm sau:

1.
Nhm th nht: Mi phn t (ngun, ti) ch qua mt my ct in. Khi my ct ct phn t ny b ngng cung cp in. Ph thuc vo s thanh gp. a. S mt h thng thanh gp.
DCL 2 MC DCL 1 TG
u im: - Cc DCL ny c nhim v m bo an ton khi sa cha my ct in. - S mt h thng thanh gp c thm u im l n gin, r rng, mi phn t c thit k ring cho mch . Khi vn hnh sa cha, mch ny khng nh hng trc tip n cc mch khc. Khuyn im: - Khi sa cha my ct in trn mch no, cc ph ti ni vo mch cng b ngt in.Thi gian ngng cung cp in ph thuc vo thi gian sa cha my ct in . - Ngn mch trn thanh gp a n ct in ton b cc phn t.
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Ngay c khi cn sa cha thanh gp hay cc DCL v pha thanh gp cng s b mt in ton b trong thi gian sa cha. Kt lun: S ny ch s dng khi yu cu v tnh m bo ko cao, trng hp ny thng ch c m t ngun cung cp. tng cng tnh m bo, li ci tin ta bng cch phn on thanh gp, hoc s dng thanh gp vng.
a.1 Phn on thanh gp:
Hnh a
Hnh b
Hnh c
Hnh a: Phn on thanh gp bng 1 DCL Hnh b: Phn on thanh gp bng 2 DCL Hnh c: Phn on thanh gp bng MC cng 2 DCL hai bn
My ct hay DCL phn on c th ng hay ct khi vn hnh bnh thng, iu ny ph thuc vo vic vn hnh. Dng DCL phn on r tin nhng khng linh hot bng MC. Khi cn sa cha ch tin hnh cho tng phn on, vic cung cp in s c chuyn cho phn on kia. Khi b s c trn mt phn on no, my ct phn on s ct cng vi my ct ca cc mch trn phn on , phn on cn li vn m bo cung cp in bnh thng. N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 15
Kt lun: y l s c s dng rng ri v l s ch yu trong cc TBA cung cp in hin nay nc ta
a.2 t thm thanh gp vng
MCV
MCV1
MCV2
Hnh a
Hnh b
Tt c cc phn t c ni vo thanh gp vng qua DCL vng (CLV), mt MC vng (MCV) cng hai DCL hai bn c ni lin lc gia thanh gp vng vi thanh gp chnh.(Hnh a).
Nhim v MCv thay ln lt cho MC bt k phn t no khi cn sa cha m kh ngng cung cp in. Nu c hai phn on thc hin theo (Hnh b) th nh MCv nn tin cy cao.
b.
S hai h thng thanh gp.
Trang 16
Hnh A
b.1 Mt h thanh gp lm vic, mt h thanh gp d phng, cc phn t ni vo thanh gp lm vic qua MC v DCL thuc thanh gp ng, cn DCL kia ct. Vi ch lm vic ny s tr thnh s tng ng 1 h thng TG khng phn on.
- u im: Khi cn sa cha 1 MC ca 1 phn t no , ta dng MC lin lc (MCN thay cho MC ny bng cch chuyn ng i qua TG th kia, qua MCN i tt qua MC cn cha.Tt nhin phi ngng thi gian ngn cch ly M C cn sa cha v ni li (Nt s theo t) sau, cc phn t lm vic trn thanh gp I.
MG
TG I TG II
b.2 ng thi lm vic c hai thanh gp: Trong ch ny mch ngun cng nh cc mch ti phi c phn u trn hai thanh gp, my ct lin lcng lm nhim v ca m phn on. Khi s c trn TG ch mt 1 thi gian ngn v chuyn sang vn hnh trn thanh kia. Phn on 1 TG: TG ny tr thnh TG chnh , TG kia tr thnh TG ph (ch phn on trn 1 TG) .Vi s ny ta c th lp thm 1 hocG 2 v TG ph ch thay mt phn , MC on khi cn sa cha, lc ny G ni vo phn on c thay th ng vai tr MC phn MC on, ngha l lun lm vic ch c 2 phn on , do c tnh m bo cao hn
. N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 17
MG
MCG MCV
t thm thanh gp vng.

2.
Nhm th hai: c im chnh ca s ny l mi phn t c cung cp t hai phla qua hai my ct in. Mt MC khng lm vic cng khng lm mt in phn t ny, do tin cy cung cp in cao hn, s lm vic m bo hn.
a.
S hai h thng thanh gp c hai my ct trn mt mch.
TG I
TG II N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 18
S ny c tin cy cao, khi sa cha hay s c trn mt thanh gp tt c cc phn t u khng b ct v lm vic trn thanh gp cn li. Sa cha MC no ch cn ct MC v hai DCL hai bn. S ny c s dng nhng ni quan trng trong h thng in v vi in p t 220 kV tr ln.
b. S hai h thng thanh gp vi ba my ct trn hai mch. TG I
TG II
Khi lm vic bnh thng tt c MC u ng. c im ca s ny c my mt my ct chung cho hai mch, vn hnh tt, linh hot nhng km hn s hai h thng thanh gp c hai MC trn mt mch. Khi phi ct bt k MC no, dng in chy qua cc MC s khc nhau v khc vi tnh trng bnh thng, iu ny lm kh khn cho chnh nh ca bo v rle
c. S a gic:
MC2
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MC 1
MC 3
MC6
MC 4
MC 5
S 3 cnh
S 6 cnh
Khi cha 1 MC bt k th a gic ko cn kn na dn n phn phi dng qua MC khngi xng, dng qua MC c th tng gp 2, 3 ln so bnh thng. Khi s cnh tng ln th dn n s c trn 1 phn t no c th lm cho ngng cung cp in mch khc.
3. S nhm ba: Cc s thuc nhm 1, 2 cc phn t u i qua mt hoc hai MC, khng c mch no khng c bo v bng MC. Cn s nhm 3 c mt hay hai mch khng t MC m ch t DCL, Do t s MC/ s mch b hn 1. t bit c th t MC no. S b
B my pht in MBA 2 hoc ba cun dy.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P N ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
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~ ~ GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG
B MBA - ng dy hay ng dy - MBA
Hnh a B MBA thanh gp
Hnh b
B ng dy thanh gp
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SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 S cu:
Hnh a
Hnh b
S hnh a c s dng khi ng dy ngn, xc sut s c trn ng dy b, khng cn my ct trn ng dy trong khi nu thng xuyn phi ng ct MBA trong vn hnh. S hnh b c s dng khi hai MBA lun lun lm vic song songdo yu cu ca ti, trong khi chiu di ng dy xc sut s c trn ng dy a n ct MC trn ng dy nhiu.
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S NI IN CA TBA 220/110/22/0.4 kV H thng
220 kV
22 kV
110 kV 0,4 kV
T dng
T dng
Li ra
Li ra
Trang 23
C. TNH TON CHN MBA I. Khi nim:
MBA l thit b bin i in nng t cp in p ny sang cp in p khc. in n sn xut t nh m y in c truyn ti n cc h tiu th xa phi qua ng ; c 110 dy 220; 500KV, Thng qua my bin p tng t in p my pht (Umf) ln in p tng ng.
cui ng dy cao p li cn my bin p gim v in p thch hp vi mng p phi, v d nh 22, 15, 0.4 kV
Trong h thng ln thng phi qua nhiu ln tng-gim m i a in nng t cc pht in n h tiu th. V vy tng cng sut my bin p trong h thng in c bng4 n 5 ln tng cng sut ca cc my pht in. Mc d hiu sut ca cc MBA kh cao, tn tht qua MBA ( AB ) hng nm vn rt ln.
II.
Cc c im cn lu khi s dng MBA.
MBA l thit b khng pht ra in nng m ch truyn ti in nng. Trong h thng in ch c my pht in mi pht ra cng sut tc dng P v cng sut phn khng Q.
Khi chn MBA cn xt n kh ng qu ti cho php, trnh s vn hnh non ti MB a n tn hao khng ti ln, ko di thi gian s dng ( tui th )cn thit. ng kh
Tui th v kh nng qu ti ca MBA ch yu ph thuc vo nhit khi vn hnh, nhit mi trng xung quanh v phng php lm lnh. Khi chn cng sut MBA cn ch n kh nng pht trin ph ti, trnh trng hp va xy xong phi thay i hay t thm my khi ph ti tng. III.
Cc thng s nh mc ca MBA.
Cng sut nh mc (Sm B): l cng sut lin tc truyn qua MBA trong thi hn ph v ( tui th ) ng vi cc iu kin tiu chun do nh ch to qui nh nh in p nh mc, tn s nh mc c bit l nhit mi trng lm mt.
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Ph thuc vo iu kin mi trng v tui th yu cu cng sut nh mc ca MBA c th thay i, tuy nhin khng c vt qu iu kin gii hn v nhit ca vt liu dn in v vt liu cch in trong MBA. Vi cc MBA hin nay l: cpm = 98oC.
Kh nng qu ti ca MBA: tn dng kh nng ti ca MBA c khong thi gian cho php vn hnh vi cng sut ln hn nh mc gi l qu ti MBA:
Kqt =
( Kqt h s qu ti )
Chn la MBA theo kh nng qu ti phi xt n c hai trng hp sau: a. Qu ti bnh thng hay qu ti mt cch h thng: L trng hp MBA vn hnh bnh thng vi cng sut ph ti khi ln hn cng sut nh mc ca MBA. Qu ti bnh thng xy ra vi mt khong thi gian no trong ngy cn trong thi gian cn li vn hnh non ti v iu ny c lp i lp li hng ngy. b.Qu ti s c ca MBA: Khi hai MBA vn hnh song song m mt trong hai b s c phi ngh, MBA cn li c th vn hnh vi ph ti ln hn nh mc khng ph thuc vo nhit mi trng xung quanh lc s c trong thi gian 5 ngy m nu tha mn cc iu kin sau: Theo tpt ng tr v hai bc, trong K1 < 0.93; K2 < 1.4 v T2 < 6 gi, ch theo di nhit ca cun dy khng c vt qu 140oC v tt nht l tng cng ti a cc bin php lm lnh MBA.
-
IV - CHN CNG SUT CHO MBA CA TBA

1.
Trng hp ch c 1 MBA : Kqtbt.SmB Smax Trong : Kqtbt = kh nng qu ti thng xuyn (bnh thng). Ph thuc th ph ti v SmB
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Trng hp ban u cha xt n iu kin ny: Thng chn Kqtbt = 1 SmB Smax. Trong trng hp a cng sut MBA ln qu ln, ta nn xt li iu kin qu ti bnh thng ny. 2. Trng hp hai M BA ghp song song
Cng sutMBA c chn theo iu kin khi mt MBA ngh, cn my cn li v kh nng qu ti s c php phi ti ln hn cng sut cc i ca ph cho ti. Ngha l: K .SmB Smax SmB Smax / Kqtsc qtsc Trong trng hp ny khng cn xt n iu kin bnh thng lnK = qtsc v nht 1,4.SmB trong khitheo iu kin bnh thng ch cn SmB Smax / 2
Khi chntheo iu kin trn a n cng sut MBA qu ln, c th ko cn chn cng sut qu ln xt khi s c 1 m y c th ct 1 phn ph ti loi 3,nu nh v m th hp l hn.
3.
Trng hp c 3 MBA ghp s song ong Cng sutMBA c chn theo S Smax / 3 mB V kim tra iu kin khi mt MBA ngh, cn my cn li vi kh ng qu ti li c cho php phi ti hn cng sut cc i ca ph ti. ln
Ngha l: 2Kqtsc.SmB Smax SmB Smax / 2Kqtsc Ch : Kh nng qu ti MBA c tnh nh sau. - MBA t ngoi tri: Kqtsc = 1,4 - MBA t trong nh: Kqtsc = 1,3
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4.
p dng c th cho ti
a. Chn MBA t ngu ( 220/110/22 kV) Khi chn MBA th ti cp 220 kV khng qua MBA nn ta khng tnh vo MBA ang chn. Ph ti ton trm c gi tr : S = S110 kV + S22 kV + S0,4 kV = 40 + 46 + 0,5 = 86,5 ( MVA ) Chn MBA theo iu kin: iu kin 1: 1,4.SmB S = 86,5 MVA SmB 61,79 MVA iu kin 2: Thi gian qu ti khng qu 6 gi lin tc trong 1 ngy m, v ko di khng qu 5 ngy m. Cn c vo hai iu kin trn, da vo th ph ti ta lp hai MBA t ngu ba pha mc song song 220/110/22 kV, mi my c cng sut nh mc SmB = 90 MVA C cc thng s k thut sau:
-
My kiu ATTH, do Nga sn xut ( tra bng MBA t ngu ba pha 220/110/10 35 kV, sch thit k nh my in v trm bin p ca thy Hunh Nhn, trang 249)
- Cp in p 220/121/38,5 kV, 3 pha.

-
in p ngn mch UN(C-T) = 9,5 %, UN(C-H) = 30,8 %, UN(T-H) = 19,2 % Tn tht khng ti P0 = 150 kW Tn tht ngn mch PN(C-T) = 360 kW; PN(C-H) = 240 kW; PN(T-H) = 205 kW Dng in khng ti I0% = 3%
b. Chn MBA ba pha hai cun dy (22/0,4 kV) Ph ti trm c gi tr: S = STD = 0,5 MVA Chn MBA theo iu kin: N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 27
iu kin 1: 1,4.SmB S = 0,4 MVA SmB 286 kVA iu kin 2: Thi gian qu ti khng qu 6 gi lin tc trong 1 ngy, v ko di khng qu 5 ngy m. Cn c vo hai iu kin trn ta lp hai MBA mc song song 22/0,4 kV, mi my c cng sut nh mc SmB = 0,4 MVA, c cc thng s k thut sau: Loi 4GB5664 3CA do Siemen ch to ( Tra bng MBA kh (10 36)/ 0,4 kV loi GEAFOL do Siemen ch to, sch s tay la chn v tra cu thit b in t 0,4 500 kV ca thy Ng Hng Quang, trang 38).
-
Cp in p 24/0,4 kV, 3 pha in p ngn mch UN = 4% Tn tht khng ti P0 = 1,45 kW Tn tht ngn mch PN = 4,5 kW
5. STT
Bng tng kt chn MBA Loi MBA (kiu my) T ngu SmB = 90 (MVA) AT T H in p ngn Tn tht khng ti mch (%) (kW) UN(C-T)= 9,5 UN(C-H)= 30,8 UN(T-H)= 19,2 Tn tht ngn mch (kW) Xut x Nga
in p m MBA (kV) 220/121/ 38,5
24/0,4
02 cun dy SmB = 0,4 (MVA)
4GB UN= 4 566 4 3CA
P0 = 150 PN(C-T) = 360 kW kW PN(C-H) = 240 kW PN(T-H) = 205 kW P0 = P0 = 4,5 kW 1,45 kW
Siem en
Trang 28
CHNG 3: TNH TN THT IN NNG TRONG MY BIN P.

I. Khi nim: Bt k mt thit b in no khi vn hnh cng b tn hao mt phn nng lng, v i vi MBA cng th. Khi MBA vn hnh bn thn n tiu th mt lng cng sut (PB) gi l tn tht qua MBA. Tn hao nng lng trong MBA thng cng nh trong MBA t ngu u bao gm hai thnh phn sau: Thnh phn khng i: L thnh phn khng ph thuc vo ph ti ca MBA v bng tn tht cng sut lc khng ti. l tn tht trong li thp. Thnh phn c thayi: L thnh phn ph thuc vo ph ti ca MBA, l tn tht trong cun dy ca MBA. Khi ph ti bng cng sut nh mc ca MBA th tn tht ny bng tn tht cng sut khi ngn mch.
PB = P0 + PN
Trong : P0 Tn tht khng ti; PN tn tht ngn mch SmB Cng sut nh mc ca MBA St Cng sut truyn qua MBA theo th ph ti qua cc cun dy ca MBA. II. TNH TON TN THT IN NNG MBA 1. Cng thc tnh ton a.Tn tht in nng trong MBA bap ha hai cun dy: Khi khng c th ph ti, xc nh theo biu thc:
A = n.P0.T +
PN.
Khi c th ph ti, xc nh theo biu thc.
Trang 29
A = n.P0.T + PN.
Trong : n s MBA lm vic song song
T thi gian lm vic ca MBA (gi) cng sut ca n MBA tng ng vi thi gian T - thi gian tn tht cng sut cc i ph thuc vo thi gian s dng cng sut cc i Tmax v cos
Tmax =
b.Tn tht in nng trong MBA t ngu. Cun h v cun chung ca MBA t ngu ch tnh ton ch to vi ln cng sut nh mc ca MBA.( : h s tnh ton = h s c li ca MBA t ngu) SH = Sch = .SmB Do , khi tnh ton tn tht c th s dng cc biu thc ca MBA ba cun dy, nhng thay t l cng sut gia cc cun cao, trung, h l 100/100/.
= 1
; kv =
= 1
PNC = 0,5(PN _ CT + PNT = 0,5(PN _ CT + PNH = 0,5( PN _ CH +
PN _ CH
PN _ TH
2
2
)
PN _ TH PN _ TH
PN _ CH
PN _ CT )
Trang 30
Khi c th ph ti hnh bc thang, n my lm vic song song
A = nP0T + [(PN-C
+ PN-T
+ PN-H
)Ti]
Trong : SiC , SiT , SiH : l cng sut qua cun cao, trung, h ca n MBA t ngu.
2.p dng c th a. MBA ba pha hai cun dy cp 22/0,4 kV (t dng) Theo trn: P0 = 1,45 kW ; n = 2 ; S = 0,4 MVA PN = 4,5 kW ; t = 24h ; SmB = 400 kVA Chn : Cos = 0,8 Bng cn bng cng sut trm 22/0,4 kV
STT Thi gian t (h) 1 1 24h
%S 100
S (MVA) 0,5
P(MW) 0,4
Q(MVAR) 0,3
Tn tht in nng trong 1 ngy
Angy m = n.P0.t +
(Si2Ti) = 2.1,45.24 + = 153,98 kWh
.24
Tn tht in nng trong 1 nm Anm = 365.Angy m = 365.153,98 = 56,2027 MWh
Da vo th ph ti ton trm, ta c : - in nng tiu th trong 1 ngy m Angy m = PiTi = 0,8.(94,8.4 + 134,2.4 + 143,4.4 + 130.2 + 143,4.2 +151,4.4 + 112.4) N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 31
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 = 2472 (MWh) - in nng tiu th trong 1 nm Anm = Angy.365 = 2472.365 = 902280 (MWh)
Phn trm tn tht in nng trong MBA so vi ton trm
100% =
= 0,0062%
b.Tnh tn tht in nng trong MBA t ngu 220/110/22 kV - in p ngn mch UN(C-T) = 9,5% ; UN(C-H) = 30,8% ; UN(T-H) = 19,2% - Tn tht khng ti P0 = 150 kW - Tn tht ngn mch PN(C-T) = 360 kW ; PN(C-H) = 240 kW ; PN(T-H) = 205 kW
PN.C = 0.5(PN.CT + PN.T = 0.5(PN.CT + PN.H = 0,5(
= 0,5(360 + = 0,5(360 + = 0,5(
) = 250 kW ) = 110 kW = 710 kW
Bng tng hp ph ti cc cun ca MBA t ngu theo thi gian STT Cng sut ph ti Si (MVA) cc cun ca MBA t ngu theo t Cun cao (SiC) Cun trung (SiT) Cun h (SiH) 1 04 52,5 24 18,9 2 48 65,5 32 37,3 3 8 12 65,5 32 46,5 4 12 14 52,5 32 46,5 5 14 16 65,5 32 46,5 6 16 20 65,5 40 46,5 7 20 - 24 52,5 32 28,1 Tn tht in nng ca MBA t ngu trong 1 nm c xc nh theo biu thc sau: Trang 32 Thi gian ti (h)
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 Ta c: t = 24.365 = 8760 h, s MBA n = 2
= 52,52.4 + 65,52.4 + 65,52.4 + 52,52.2 + 65,52.2 + 65,52.4 + 52,62.4 = 87626 MVA2h = 242.4 + 322.4 + 322.4 + 322.2 + 322.2 + 402.4 + 322.4 = 18848 MVA2h = 18,92.4 + 37,32.4 + 46,52.4 + 46,52.2 + 46,52.2 + 46,52.4 + 28,12.4 = 36099,44 MVA2h Angy m = n.P0.T + ( PN.C + PN.T + PN.H )
Trong n=2 ; P0 = 150 kW ; T = 24h ; SmB = 90 MVA. Angy m = 2.150.24 + Angy m = 10,262 MWh Suy ra tn tht trong mt nm: Anm = Angy m.365 = 10,262.365 = 3745,63 MWh.
Phn
(250.87626 + 110.18848 + 710.36099,44)
trm tn tht in nng trong MBA so vi ton trm
100% =
= 0,42%
Bng tng kt tn tht in nng trong 1 nm ca cc MBA Loi MBA in nng tiu th 1 nm ton trm Anm (MWh) 902280 MWh Vi: Cos = 0,8 Tn tht in nng 1 nm Anm (MWh) 56,2 (MWh) % tn tht so vi ton trm ( 0,0062%
MBA 3 pha 2 cun dy cp 22/0,4 kV
Trang 33
MBA t ngu cp 220/110/22 kV
3745,63 (MWh)
0,42%
Trang 34
CHNG 4: TNH TON NGN MCH CHO TRM

I- CC KHI NIM - Mc ch tnh ton dng ngn mch (IN) phc v cho vic chn la cc kh c in nh: MC, khng in, bin dng, bin in p . - Ch tnh ton dng ngn mch 3pha (N(3)) v dng ny ln hn ngn mch 2 pha (N(2)) pha N(1)) - Khi tnh ton ngn mch cp U >1000V b qua R : Z =X U < 1000V xt n R: Z =
- Thi gian tn ti dng ngn mch = thi gian bo v rle (tbv) v thi gian MC lm vic (tMC) t bv MC N = t + t - C th xem dng ngn mch khng i trong thi gian ngn mch, do : I = It = I I Dng ngn mch siu qu ; It dng ngn mch ti thi im t; I dng ngn mch n nh. - Tnh ngn mch trong h tng i vi cng sut c bn (Scb), in p c bn (Ucb) v suy ra dng c bn (Icb) tng cp in p mi tnh trong h c tn:
Scb chn ty , c th l 100 MVA, 1000 MVA hay bng cng sut tng h thng (SHT) Ucb chn bng in p trung bnh ca cc cp tng ng: 500, 230, 115, 22 .... 6,3 kV II- TRNH T TNH TON DNG NGN MCH 1.V s h thng cn tnh ton ngn mch v xc nh cc im cn tnh ton ngn mch Ni 2. T s nguyn l thay th cc phn t bng m hnh ha ca n v ghi nh s th t xi ca cc in khng.
Trang 35
3. Chn cc thng s trong h c bn. Scb, Ucb suy ra Icb cc cp cn tnh dng ngn mch 4. Tnh tr s c bn tng i ca cc in khng xi 5. Ln lt bin i s v s ng tr ch c mt ngun v in khng tng tng ng cho tng im ngn mch xi. 6. Tnh dng ngn mch ca tng im ngn mch theo biu thc
I*Ni =
; INi(KA) = I*Ni.Icb =
, trong
Icb bng tr c bn ca dng ngn mch tng ng vi in p ti im ngn mch. v tt c ghi vo bng sau cho tng phng n. TT im n.mch Um Thnh phn tham gia Mc ch tnh ton xi Icb IN(kA) ixk
7. Cc phn t tham gia vo s tnh ton - H thng in c cc thng s: SHT; UHT; SN (IN) cng sut ( dng ngn mch t h thng n thanh gp in p cao). - Cc my pht in (F) SmF: Cng sut my pht (MVA) UmF: in p nh mc (kV) x : in khng siu qu dc trc i vi nhit in. x : in khng qu dc trc i vi thy in. - ng dy (D) cc cp in p: l: chiu di ng dy (km) x0 : in khng trn 1km ng dy c th ly bng 0,4 /km - Khng in (K) trn thanh gp in p my pht (nu c) UmK : in p nh mc ca khng (kV) ImK : Dng in nh mc ca khng (kA) xK% : in khng tng i tnh bng phn trm ca khng - MBA (B) SmB: Cng sut nh mc ca MBA (MVA) in p nh mc cc cp: UN% : in p ngn mch phn trm so vi cng sut nh mc UN%CH : in p ngn mch gia cun cao vi cun h UN%CT : in p ngn mch gia cun cao vi trung N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 36
UN%TH : in p ngn mch gia cun trung vi h Cn tnh UN% ca cc cun dy cao, trung, h theo biu thc: - Khi cng sut cc cun dy l 100/100/100. UN%C = ( UN%CT + UN%CH UN%TH ) UN% T = ( UN%CT + UN%TH UN%CH ) UN%H = ( UN%CH + UN%TH UN%CT ) - Vi MBA t ngu: UN%C = ( UN%CT + UN%T = ( UN%CT + UN%H = ( + ) )
UN%CT )
in khng h thng:
XHT = X*HT.
Trong : SHT : Cng sut ca h thng in khng ca ng dy: Trong : L : Chiu di ng dy (km) X0 : in khng ca 1km chiu di ng dy (/km) in khng ca khng in: Trong : Icb : Dng in c bn cp in p t khng in (kA) Trang 37
Xdy =
Xk =
Im.k : Dng in nh mc khng in (kA) in khng ca MBA ba pha hai cun dy:
XMBA2 =
Trong : XMBA2 : in khng MBA 3 pha 2 cun dy UN% : in p ngn mch phn trm
SmMBA2: Cng sut nh mc MBA 3 pha 2 cun dy in khng ca MBA bap ha ba cun dy: Khi cng sut cc cun bng nhau th in khng cun cao, trung, h l:
in khng ca MBA t ngu ba pha:
Cng thc tnh ton ngn mch cho cp in p U < 1000V
Trang 38
i vi cp in p ny, khi tnh dng ngn mch phi xt n tng tr, ngha l phi xt n in tr v in khng ca cc phn t tham gia trong mch in tnh ngn mch. V cng sut ca mng ny rt nh so vi cng sut ca h thng. Nn xem h thng l v cng ln, tc l sc in ng khng i v in tr trong bng 0 tnh ngn mch. - Tnh dng ngn mch da vo h n v c tn: S(kVA), I(A), U(V), R, X(m). in khng cc phn t c tnh nh sau: in khng h thng: XHT Trong : UTB : in p trung bnh (nh 0,525 kV, 0,4 kV ....) Im ct , Sm ct : Dng in ct, cng sut ct nh mc ca MC pha in p cao ca MBA
in khng MBA: ;
Ux% - thnh phn phn khng ca in p ngn mch xc nh theo biu thc:
=
UR% - thnh phn tc dng ca UN% xc nh theo biu thc:
PN tnh bng (W); SmB tnh bng (kVA). Trong : PN : Tn tht ngn mch ca MBA (W) Um : in p nh mc pha h p ca MBA (kV) N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 39
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 Sm : Cng sut nh mc MBA (kVA)
Ux% : Thnh phn phn khng ca in p ngn mch UR% : Thnh phn tc dng ca in p ngn mch in tr v in khng ca ng dy h p c th ly nh sau: - ng dy trn khng : x0 = 0,03 (/km) - ng dy cp : x0 = 0,07 (/km)
= .
Trong : : in tr sut ca vt liu lm dy dn Cu: 18,8 mm2/Km Al: 31,5 mm2/Km Dng ngn mch thnh phn chu k xc nh theo biu thc sau:
(A)
Dng xung kch:
=
- Nu in p 0,4 kV c ng c in th dng xung kch phi cng thm dng in do ng c cung cp v xc nh theo biu thc sau:
Trang 40
Trong : ImC: Tng dng nh mc ca cc ng c ni vo thanh ci 0,4 kV ti ni tnh dng ngn mch KXK: C th ly gn ng ph thuc vo cng sut MBA v UN% ca MBA V d: SmB = 560 1000kVA, UN% = 8 th KXK = 1,5 UN% = 5,5 th KXK = 1,3 SmB = 100 320kVA, UN% = 5,5 th KXK = 1,2
2.p dng c th: S thay th tr
Trang 41
Ta chn: Scb = SHT = 9000 (MVA) Ucb = Utb: Cp 220 kV : Ucb1 = 230 kV Cp 110 kV : Ucb2 = 115 kV Cp 22 kV : Ucb3 = 22 kV Dng c bn: Cp 220 kV : Cp 110 kV : Cp 220 kV :
Tr s in khng ca cc phn t trong s thay th: - in khng h thng :
= 0,25.
= 0,25
- in khng ng dy: Ly X0 = 0,4 (/km)
- in khng ca MBA 3 pha 2 cun dy 22/0,4 kV C: SmB = 0,4 MVA, UN% = 4%
- in khng ca MBA t ngu 220/110/22 kV

C: SmB = 90 MVA in p ngn mch UN(C-T) = 9,5% ; UN(C-H) = 30,8% ; UN(T-H) = 19,2% Tn tht khng ti P0 = 150 kW Tn tht ngn mch PN(C-T) = 360 kW ; PN(C-H) = 240 kW ; PN(T-H) = 205 kW
Trang 42
a. Tnh dng ngn mch ti im N1 (thanh ci 220 kV)

- in khng tng c bn ngn mch ti im N1:
- Dng ngn mch trong h tng i c bn: - Dng ngn mch trong h n v c tn:
= 1,08
- Dng xung kch: Chn KXK = 1,8
b. Tnh dng ngn mch ti N2 (thanh ci 110 kV) - in khng tng c bn ngn mch ti im N2:
- Dng ngn mch trong h tng i c bn: - Dng ngn mch trong h n v c tn: N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P
= 0,11
Trang 43
c. Tnh dng ngn mch ti N3 (thanh ci 22 kV) - in khng tng c bn ngn mch ti im N3:
- Dng ngn mch trong h tng i c bn: - Dng ngn mch trong h n v c tn:
= 0,03
d. Tnh dng ngn mch ti im N4 (thanh ci 0,4 kV) MBA c SmB = 400 kVA = 0,4 MVA - Cp in p 24/0,4 kV, 3 pha. - in p ngn mch UN%=4% - Tn tht khng ti P0=1,45 kW - Tn tht ngn mch PN=4,5 kW Suy ra:
= 3,8%
Trang 44
=15,2 - Tng tr MBA t dng:
- Dng in ngn mch chu k (ti im N4):
- Dng xung kch:
Bng tng kt ngn mch cho ton trm

im ngn mch Cp in p (kV) Dng ngn mch (kA) IN (kA) N1 N2 N3 N4 220 110 22 0,4 24,41 4,972 7,09 29,14 iXK (kA) 62,14 12,66 18,05 74,18
Trang 45
CHNG 5: CHN CC KH C IN CHNH

I- CC KHI NIM CHUNG vn hnh TBA, ngoi cc thit b chnh nh MF, MBA cn phi c cc kh c in v cc phn dn in. Cn c vo nhim v v chc nng cc kh c in c th phn thnh cc loi sau: 1. Cc kh c in a. Cc kh c in ng-m My ct in (MC) : L kh c in dng ng ct mt phn t ca h thng in nh my pht,MBA, ng dy trong lc lm vic bnh thng cng nh khi c s c (ngn mch). Dao cch ly (DCL): L kh c in c nhim v to mt khong cch trong thy c m bo an ton khi sa cha my pht in, MBA, my ct in, ng dy Trong kh nng DCL cng c th ng ct mch trong mt s trng hp c gii hn, ni chung l ng ct khi khng c dng, hoc dng nh, in p khng cao lm. My ct ph ti (MCPT): L kh c in ch ng ct c dng in trong ch lm vic bnh thng, khng c kh nng ng ct dng ngn mch, thng ch ch to in p t 24 kV tr li, v in p cao hn tc dng khng nhiu nn t ch to v s dng. Cu ch: L kh c dng ct mch in khi ngn mch v khi qu ti trong mch hnh tia. Thng ch s dng vi in p khng ln (t 35 kV tr li). Cu ch n gin, r tin hn MC nhng khng thun tin, m bo nh MC nn ch dng trong mch in n gin, khng quan trng lm. Cu ch t ri (FCO): L cu ch nhng c cu to t bit, khi ct s ct lun DCL. DCL t ng: L DCL nhng c th ng ct t ng. Dao ngn mch: L kh c in phi ng ct mch in m ni mch in xung t, to tnh ngn mch khi cn thit. b. Cc kh c in phcv co o lng t ng, bo v rle My bin dng in (BI):bin i dng in trong mch in c in p cao v dng in tng ng vi thit b o lng, t ng bo v rle v cch ly vi mng cao p m bo an ton cho ngi s dng, tiu chun ha c cc thit b o lng t ng My bin in p (BU): Bin i in p cao v in p thp, cng phc v cho o lng t ng N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 46
c. Cc kh c hn ch dng ngn mch l khng in: Khng in n: Thng t trn thanh gp v ng dy. Khng in kp: t trn ng dy. 2. Phn dn in Cn c vo cu trc, phn dn in phn thnh: Dy dn l dy mm, tit din trn c th dng mt hay nhiu si ph thuc vo dng in, dng s treo cch in vi cc phn ni t. Thanh dn l thanh cng, tit din hnh ch nht, hnh trn rng, hnh mng c th dng mt hoc hai thanh ghp cht nhau ph thuc vo dng in, cch in vi t dng s . Cp in lc l dy dn mm c bc cch in theo in p nh mc. Khi lp t c th chn di t hoc t trong rnh (hm cp) khng cn cch in. II CC VN TNH TON CHN CC KH C IN & PHN DN IN 1. Cc ch lm vic ca mng in: a. Ch lm vic lu di: Trong ch lm vic lu di, nhit pht nng ca cc phn dn in t n nhit n nh ( ). C ba trng hp xt vo ch lm vic lu di: Ch bnh thng: L khi cc thit b u lm vic vi ph ti ln nht (Smax) Ch qu ti: Mt s kh c v phn dn in cho php qu ti trong thi gian nht nh (v d: MBA, my bin dng in) c trng bng h s qu ti. Ch cng bc: ch ny nu trong s c mt phn t phi ngh cng bc, dng in s phn phi qua cc mch khc lc bnh thng. b. Ch lm vic ngn hn. Trong ch ny dng in lm vic rt ln nhng thi gian khng di. Do nhit pht nng chy qua cc phn dn in cha t n tr s n nh. c trng cho ch ny l ngn mch. Dng chy qua l dng ngn mch (IN), thi gian tN=tMC+tBV Trong : tMC : l thi gian ct tng ca MC (k c thi gian dp h quang) tBV: l thi gian bo v rle tc ng Xc nh dng lm vic bnh thng cc i (Ibt max) v dng in cng bc (Icb.max) trong cc mch sau:
My
pht in (MF): ; Icb.max = 1,05Im = 1,05Ibt.max
V theo qui trnh , khi in p gim 5%, my pht c th lm vic vi cng sut N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 47
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 nh mc nn dng in tng 5%. SF
Mch
UF
ng dy n : Tng ng khi cc ph ti cc i U Smax
Mch
ng dy kp
Smax
Mch
MBA n ghp MF n
SF Icb.max = 1,05Ibt.max
Mch MBA n
UF
: Dng chn dy dn theo U (Chn dy dn bn no th chia u

bn U1,U2 ) U1 U2
Hai MBA lm vic song song: X
Trang 48
Scb.max = min(Smax; Kqtsc.Sm.MBA)

Trong : Kqtsc: H s qu ti s c (Kqtsc = 1,4 : MBA ngoi tri = 1,3 : MBA trong nh); Smax: Cng sut cn ti
Mch 2 MF v 2 MBA: Cng bc khi mt my ngh
c B Scb.max = min{(m.SF
);( Kqtsc.Sm.MBA)}
Trong : m = s my pht in SF = cng sut nh mc MF = Tng cng sut trn thanh TG in p khi MF nh nht.
HT
Mch phn on trn TG Ch c hai phn on: C 2 ch - Xt mch MBA: IMBA.bt.max = SF Smin - Khi 01 MBA h: Scb.max = min{(2SMBA.bt.max); (Kqtsc.Sm.MBA)} - Xt mch in khng K + Lc lm vic bnh thng: SK.bt.max = 0 + Khi MBA hoc MF h th c dng qua cun khng + Khi 01 MBA ngh : SK.cb1.max = min{(SF-Smin); (Smin+Kqtsc.Sm.MBA-SF)}
Trang 49
+ Khi 01 MF ngh: SK.cb2.max = SMBAmax+Smin = SKcb.max = max{SKcb1.max; SKcb2.max}
HT
K - C 3 phn on: + Khi bnh thng: + C 3 ch cng bc: - Khi MF s 1 hoc s 3 ngh
- Khi MF s 2 ngh: - Khi MBA ngh (v d MBA bn tri ngh): Scb3 = min{(2SF Smin2 2Smin1); (Kqtsc.Sm.MBA+Smax3 SF)} Scb.max = max {Scb1; Scb2; Scb3 }
HT
Trang 50
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 K
2. Tnh ton xung nhit ca dng in ngn mch Trong mt s kh c in c th chu dng nhit khi ngn mch c tr s: - Dng in nhit (Inh) vi thi gian cho php (tnh) - Xung ca dng in ngn mch: BN.m
III CC IU KIN CHUNG CHN KH C IN & PHN DN IN 1.in p: Um.KC UHT UHT: in p nh mc ti ni t kh c in Ring my bin in p bt buc: Um.KC = UHT 2. Dng in: Im.KC Icb.max Trong : Im.KC: l dng in nh mc KC Icb.max: l dng cng bc qua KC Ring MBA v my bin dng incho php qu ti nn iu kin l:
Im.BI.Kqtcp Icb.max ; Vi Kcpqt : h s qu ti cho php

3. Kim tra v iu kin n nh nhit: x Trong : BN: Xung nhit tnh ton Inh; tnh; BN.m: Kh nng chu nhit ca KC 4. Kim tra v n nh ng: Il.m.kc Ixk hoc il.m.kc ixk Trong : Il.m.; il.m.kc: Kh nng chu lc ng in theo tr s hiu dng vi tr s bin . Ring i vi thanh dn th iu kin l tt cp Trong : tt: ng sut tnh ton khi c ngn mch cp: ng sut cho php ca vt liu ch to N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 51
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 Vi KC cn c thm iu kin ring
- MC: C thm iu kin v kh nng ct, chu k ct Ict.m.MC I// - My bin dng v bin in p: C thm iu kin cp chnh xc phi tng ng vi cp chnh xc yu cu ca ph ti: Sm(cp chnh xc) Smax = Trong : Sm(cp chnh xc): cng sut nh mc tng ng vi cp chnh xc do nh ch to cho : Tng cng sut cc dng c ni vo bin dng, bin in p. Sd:: Cng sut tiu th trn ng dy dn ni t my bin dng hay my bin in p n dng c o.
IV CHN MY CT IN, MY CT PH TI, DAO CCH LY, CU CH 1. L thuyt chung: a. Chn my ct in. My ct in l kh c dng ng ct mch khi c ph ti cng nh khi c ngn mch. Yu cu i vi MC l phi ct nhanh, khi ng ct khng gy chy n, kch thc gn nh, gi thnh thp. i vi cc cp in p cao nh 220 kV, 110 kV, th my ct SF6 thng c s dng, cn i vi cc cp in p phn phi th c dng MC hp b. My ct SF6 c cc u im sau: C kh nng ct c dng in ln v cng c kh nng ct c dng ngn mch, c kh nng ct in v dp tt h quang p sut thp. c bit l n c kch thc gn nh. iu kin chn my ct. STT 1 2 3 Thng s in p nh mc Dng in nh mc n nh nhit iu kin Um.MC UHT Im.MC Ucb.max
Trang 52
4 5
n nh lc in ng iu kin ct
Il.m
IXK
Ict.m IN
Trong : Um.MC, Um.HT : i p nh mc ca MC, in p nh mc ca li in ImMC: Dng in nh mc ca MC Icb: Dng in lm vic cng bc Inh: Dng in ln nht m thit b c th chu c trong thi gian tnh ilMC: Dng in in ng iXK: Dng in xung kch ; IN: Dng in ngn mch Vi BN l xung nhit c tnh theo biu thc: a ; tNM = 1 (s) i vi MC c Im.MC 1000A th khng cn kim tra n nh nhit. i vi cp in p 220 kV; 110 kV ta chn thit b phn phi ngoi tri. i vi cp in p 22 kV ta chn thit b phn phi trong nh, chn MC hp b. b. Dao cch ly: L thit b kh c in dng ng ct mch c in p cao ch yu l khng c dng in. Dao cch ly cn dng cch ly phn kh c c sa cha vi phn cn li ca kh c in. Bng iu kin chn Dao Cch Ly. STT 1 2 3 4 Thng s in p nh mc Dng in nh mc n nh nhit n nh lc in ng Il.m iXK iu kin Um.DCL UHT Im.DCL Ucb.max
Vi BN l xung nhit c tnh theo biu thc: a ; tNM = 1 (s) i vi DCL Im.DCL > 1000A th khng cn kim tra n nh nhit. Lu : - i vi DCL khng cn iu kin ct. - MC ph ti c iu kin ging DCL c. Chn cu ch Cu ch dng bo v mch in khi qu dng. B phn chnh ca n l dy chy v gi , cng c loi dp h quang. CC khc MC ch l MC c th iu khin c tr s dng ct, thi gian ct. Cn CC s ct theo ng c tnh ct ca dy chy. Bng iu kin chn Cu ch. N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 53
STT 1 2 3
Thng s in p nh mc Dng in nh mc iu kin ct
iu kin Um.CC UHT Im.CC Ucb.max Ict.CC.m IN
d. Chn CB STT 1 2 3 4 Thng s in p nh mc Dng in nh mc Dng ct nh mc n nh lc in ng iu kin Um.AP UHT Im.AP Icb.max Ict.m.AP IN Il.m iXK
2. p dng c th: a. My ct DCL cp 220 kV Ta c: Um.MC = Um.DCL UHT = 220 kV Do khi xy ra s c mt ng dy cp in hay s c 01 MBA th dng lm vic cng bc l: Smax.ton trm = 65 + 40 + 46 + 0,5 = 151,5 MVA
=
Im.MC Icbmax = max{Icb1; Icb2} = 397,58 (A) Im.DCL Icbmax = 397,58 (A) Il.MC = Il.DCL ixk1 = 62,14 (kA) (kA2s) Ict,m.MC IN1 = 24,41 (kA) Cc iu kin chn my ct: N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 54
Kt lun: Chn my ct SF6 do Siemens sn xut c cc thng s sau (trang 285 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn M hiu: S1-245 Um.MC = 220 kV Im. = 3150 A Ict.m = 40 kA Il = 100/ kA Trng lng: 3480 kg. Do dng nh mc > 1000A nn ta khng cn kim tra n nh nhit
Um.MC 220 kV Im.MC 397,58 (A) Ict.m.MC 24,41 (kA) ; Il.MC 62,14 (KA) (kA2s)
Cc iu kin chn DCL:
Um.DCL 220 kV Im.DCL 397,58 (A) Il.DCL 62,14 (KA) (kA2s)

Kt lun: Chn DCL c cc thng s sau (trang 280 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn) M hiu:PH II Um =220 kV Im = 630 A Il =100 kA V Im < 1000A nn ta kim tra n nh nhit: IN3s = 40 kA > b. My ct ph ti DCL pha ti cp 220 kV. Ta c: Um.MCPT = Um.DCL UHT = 220 kV Do khi xy ra s c mt MBA th dng lm vic cng bc l: Smax = 65 MVA (kA)
Trang 55
Im.MCPT Icbmax = 170,58 (A) ; Im.DCL Icbmax = 170,58 (A) Il.MCPT = Il.DCL ixk1 = 62,14 (kA) (kA2s) Ict,m.MCPT IN1 = 24,41 (kA) Cc iu kin chn my ct ph ti:
Um.MC 220 kV Im.MCPT 170,58 (A) Ict.m.MCPT 24,41 (kA) ; Il.MCPT 62,14 (KA) (kA2s)
Kt lun: Chn my ct SF6 do Siemens sn xut c cc thng s sau (trang 285 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn.
M hiu: S1-245 Um.MC = 220 kV Im. = 3150 A Ict.m = 40 kA Il = 100/ kA Trng lng: 3480 kg. Do dng nh mc > 1000A nn ta khng cn kim tra n nh nhit Cc iu kin chn dao cch ly:
Um.DCL 220 kV Im.DCL 170,58 (A) Il.DCL 62,14 (KA) (kA2s)

Kt lun: Chn DCL c cc thng s sau (trang 280 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn) M hiu:PH II N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 56
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 Um =220 kV Im = 630 A Il =100 kA
V Im < 1000A nn ta kim tra n nh nhit: IN3s = 40 kA > c. My ct DCL cp 110 kV.
(kA)
Ta c: Um.MC = Um.DCL UHT = 110 kV Do khi xy ra s c mt ng dy cp in hay s c 01 MBA th dng lm vic cng bc l: Smax.ton trm = 40 + 46 + 0,5 = 86,5 MVA
=
Im.MC Icbmax = max{Icb1; Icb2} = 661,33 (A) Im.DCL Icbmax = 661,33 (A) Il.MC = Il.DCL ixk2 = 12,66 (kA) (kA2s) Ict,m.MC IN2 = 4,972 (kA) Cc iu kin chn my ct:
Kt lun: Chn my ct SF6 do Siemens sn xut c cc thng s sau (sch TKNM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn, trang 284). M hiu: 3AQ1-725/123 Um.MC = 110 kV Im. = 4000 A Ict.m = 40 kA N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 57
Um.MC 110 (kV) Im.MC 661,33 (A) Ict.m.MC 4,972 (kA) ; Il.MC 12,66 (kA) (kA2s)
Il = 100/ kA Trng lng: 2050 kg. Do dng nh mc > 1000A nn ta khng cn kim tra n nh nhit. Cc iu kin chn DCL:
Um.DCL 110 (kV) Im.DCL 661,33 (A) Il.DCL 12,66 (kA) (kA2s)
Kt lun: Chn DCL c cc thng s sau (trang 280 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn) M hiu:PH II Um =110 kV Im = 1250 A Il =100 kA Trng lng : 493 kg Do dng nh mc > 1000A nn ta khng cn kim tra n nh nhit d. My ct ph ti dao cch ly pha ti cp 110 kV. Ta c: Um.MCPT = Um.DCL UHT = 110 kV Do khi xy ra s c mt MBA th dng lm vic cng bc l: Smax = 40 MVA
Im.MCPT Icbmax = 210 (A) ; Im.DCL Icbmax = 210 (A) Il.MCPT = Il.DCL ixk2 =12,66 (kA) (kA2s) Ict,m.MCPT IN2 = 4,972 (kA)
Trang 58
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 Cc iu kin chn my ct:
Um.MCPT 110 kV Im.MCPT 210 (A) Ict.m.MCPT 4,972 (kA) ; Il.MC 12,66 (KA) (kA2s)
Kt lun: Chn my ct SF6 do Siemens sn xut c cc thng s sau (sch TKNM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn, trang 284). M hiu: 3AQ1-725/123 Um.MC = 110 kV Im. = 4000 A Ict.m = 40 kA Il = 100/ kA Trng lng: 2050 kg. Do dng nh mc > 1000A nn ta khng cn kim tra n nh nhit. Cc iu kin chn DCL:
Um.DCL 110 kV Im.DCL 210 (A) Il.DCL 12,66 (kA) (kA2s)

Kt lun: Chn DCL c cc thng s sau (trang 280 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn) M hiu:PH II Um =110 kV Im = 630 A Il =80 kA V Im < 1000A nn ta kim tra n nh nhit: IN3s = 31,5 kA > (kA)
Trang 59
e.My ct hp b (MC+DCL) cp 22 kV. Ta c: Um.MC = Um.DCL UHT = 22 kV Do khi xy ra s c 01 MBA th dng lm vic cng bc l: Sm.B = 0,4 MVA
=
Im.MC Icbmax = 14,7 (A) Il.MC ixk3 =18,05 (kA) (kA2s) Ict,m.MC IN3 = 7,09 (kA) Cc iu kin chn my ct:
Um.MC 22 (kV) Im.MC 14,7 (A) Ict.m.MC 7,09 (kA) ; Il.MC 18,05 (kA) (kA2s)
Kt lun: Tra cu (sch S tay la chn & tra cu thit b in t 0,4-500 kV ca thy Ng Hng Quang, trang 310) ta c : M hiu: 8DC11 Um.MC = 24 kV Im.MC = 1250 A Ict.m = 63 kA Il = 63 kA Do dng nh mc > 1000 A nn ta khng cn kim tra n nh nhit. f.Chn CB cp 0,4 kV Ta c: UmAP UHT = 0,4 kV Vi : ImAP Icb.max = 722 A Ict.m.AP IN4 = 29,14 kA Il.AP iXK4 = 74,18 kA Kt lun: Ta chn Aptomat do LG sn xut cc thng s k thut sau: N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 60
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 M hiu: ABL1203 UmAP = 600 V ImAP =1000 A Ict.m.AP = 65 kA
Bng tng kt chn my ct cho cc cp in p STT 1 2 3 4 Cp .p (kV) 220 110 22 0,4 Um.MC (kV) 220 110 24 0,6 Im.MC (A) 3150 4000 1250 1000 Ict.m (kA) 40 40 63 65 M hiu S1-245 3AQ1725/123 8DC11 ABL1203 Nh SX siemens Siemens siemens LG
Bng tng kt chn DCL cho cc cp in p STT 1 2 Cp .p (kV) 220 110 Um.DCL (kV) 220 110 Im.DCL (A) 630 1250 M hiu PH II PH II
Trang 61
V CHN MY BIN DNG IN (BI), MY BIN IN P (BU). 1. Chn my bin dng (BI): Chn ring tng mch - Khi vn hnh h thng in, trm bin p lun t cc thit b o lng cn thit kim tra cc thng s lm vic ca h thng hay cc thit b bo v. My bin dng dng bin i dng in tr s ln xung tr s thch hp (thng 5A, trng hp c bit 1A, 10A) vi cc dng c o lng v rle, t ng ha. Bng iu kin chn BI STT 1 2 3 4 5 Thng s in p nh mc Dng in nh mc pha s cp Ph ti n nh ng n nh nhit iu kin Um.BI UHT Im.BI Icb.mac Z2m.BI Z2 R2 .Kl.I1 ixk (Knh.Im)2.tnh BN
Trong : Z2m.BI : Ph ti nh mc theo tng tr tng ng vi cp chnh xc co nht ca ti ni vo BI Kl : Bi s n nh lc in ng = Il/I1m Knh: Bi s n nh nhit = Inh/Ilm - i vi BI cn phi quan tm, v ng vi mi cp chnh xc u c ph ti th cp nht nh. Tng tr BI gm tng ph ti cc dng c o Zdc, v tng tr dy dn ni t th cp BI n dng c o Zdd: Z2 = Z2dc + Zdd Z2m.BI T s ni dy ca cc dng c o v th cp BI ta xc nh pha ln nht chn lm ph ti tnh ton. Zdd rdd Z2m.BI - Z2dc Tit din ca dy dn: (mm2)
Vi: cu = 0,0188 mm2/m : in tr sut ca dy ng. Al = 0,0315 mm2/m : in tr sut ca dy nhm. ltt : Chiu di tnh ton rdd : in tr dy dn
Trang 62
Suy ra: rdd =
Z2m.BI - Z2dc Sdd
Ch :
- Khi my bin dng ni theo hnh sao hon ton th ltt =1 - Nu ni theo hnh sao khng hon ton th ltt = l. - Khi ch ni vo 1 pha th ltt =2.l. Vi l: Chiu di dy dn tnh t th cp my bin dng n dng c o. m bo bn c, tit din dy dn phi tha mn: + Khi ni vi dng c o in nng: SCu 2,5 mm2 & SAl 4 mm2. + Khi khng c dng c o in nng: SCu 1,5 mm2 & SAl 2,5 mm2. Ch : - Ph ti BI phi mc ni tip - Mi mch cn c 1 BI ring - Khng c th mch cun th cp BI khi khng s dng na. - Ni t cun th cp m bo an ton cho ngi v thit b khi in p xm nhp vo cn th cp. 2. Chn my bin in p (BU) My bin in p c nhim v bin i in p t tr s co xung tr s thp nh2m phc v cho o lng, bo v rle v t ng ha. in p th cp ca BU thng l 100 ; 110 ; 200 . My bin in p o lng ch to t 3V tr ln, c loi kh, loi du. Loi kh ch t cho trm phn phi trong nh. Loi du c th t mi ch. C 02 loi u ch to 1pha v 3 pha. Bng iu kin chn BU N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 63
STT 1 2 3 4 5
Thng s in p nh mc Cp chnh xc Cng sut nh mc th cp Tn tht in p trn dy dn (Dy dn ni t BU n dng c o) Theo bn c
iu kin UBu.m UHT Ph hp vi yu cu cc dng c o S2m.BU S2 U% < 0,5% FCu 1,5 mm2 FAl 2,5 mm2
- V in p: Um.BU = UHT - V cng sut: Tng ph ti ni vo BU b hn cng sut nh mc (Sm.BU) tng ng vi cp chnh xc. Sm.BU Trong : . Tng ph ti ca BU tnh bng VA gm c cng sut tc dng P v cng sut phn khng Q.
3. p dng c th . a. Chn my bin in p (BU) - Cp 220 kV: Bng cc thit b o lng ni vo mch th cp
Trang 64
Ta c: Um.BU UHT =220 kV Sm.BU S2tt V cc cng t c cp chnh xc 0,5 nn cng chn BU c cp chnh xc 0,5 Ta c: = (VA) Sm.BU 40,5 VA Kt lun: Ta chn my bin in p loi HK - 220, do Lin X ch to, c cc thng s k thut sau: Um.BU = 220 (kV) UmSC = 220 (kV) (V) UmTC = U2m = 100/ Sm.BU = 100 (VA) SmaxBU = 2000 (VA) Khi lng 2650 kg
Chn dy dn t BU n cc dng c o lng: iu kin chn: st p U Ucp ; vi
Ucp = 0,5%U2m R
0,5%Um.TCBU ()
Chn dy dn bng ng nn Cu = 0,0188 (mm2/m) V khong cch t BU n cc thit b o l l = 200 m. Ta c:
= 0,0188.
= 9,17 mm2
Kt lun : Ta chn loi dy ng c tit din l 10 mm2 Kim tra theo iu kin st p Ta c:
= 0,0188.
= 0,38 ()
0,38.
st p: U = R.I = R.
(V)
Trang 65
Ucp = 0,5%Um.TC =
U = 0,15 < Ucp Kt lun: Dy dn chn tha iu kin st p. - Cp 110 kV:
(v)
Cc thit b o lng ni vo mch th cp: ging cp 220 kV Um.BU UHT =110 (kV) Sm.BU S2tt = 40,5 (VA) Vy ta chn my bin in p loi HK - 110 , do Lin X ch to, c cc thng s k thut sau: Um.BU = 110 (kV) UmSC = 110/ (kV) (V) UmTC = U2m = 100/ Sm.BU = 100 (VA) SmaxBU = 2000 (VA) Khi lng 875 kg
Ta c: Do khong cch t BU n cc thit b o l l = 200 m, UmTC = 100/ Nn ta vn chn dy ng c tit din l 10 mm2. - Cp 22 kV: cp in p ny ta chn my ct hp b. Bng tng kt chn BU
(V).
b. Chn my bin dng BI. - Cp 220 kV. N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 66
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 Ta c: Icb.max = 397,58 (A) UmHT = 220 (kV) IN1 = 24,41 (kA) ixk1 = 62,14 (kA) Bng ph ti ngn mch ca BI Tn dng c Pha A Ampe k Watt k Var k Watt k t ghi Cng t Cng t Varh Tng cng 3 5 5 10 0,5 0,275 23,775
Ph ti (VA) Pha B 3 0 0 0 0 0,55 3,55 Pha C 3 5 5 10 0,52 0,275 23,795
Chn BI theo iu kin: Um.BI UHT = 220 (kV) Im.BI Icb.max = 397,58 (A) Cp chnh xc l 0,5 Thng thng dng nh mc th cp ca BI l : Im.TC = I2m = 5 (A) Tng tr ca cc dng c o ni vo pha A: Zdc = ()
Kt lun: Ta chn my bin dng loi T 3M220B-II do Lin X ch to c cc thng s k thut sau: Um.BI =220 (kV) ImSC = 600 (A) Im.TC =5 (A) Bi s gii hn ca cun bo v = 16/16/12 n nh nhit: Inh =40 (kA) v tnh = 3 (s) Il = 54 (kA) Suy ra: Kl: Bi s n nh lc in ng = Il/ImSC = 90 Knh: Bi s n nh nhit = Inh/ImSC = 66,7 V cng t c cp chnh xc 0,5 nn cng chn BI c cp chnh xc 0,5. BI c: Z2m.TC =1,2 (). N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 67
Chn dy dn ni t BI n cc dng c o: Sdd Sdd.min Ta c: Trong : Chn dy dn bng ng nn Cu = 0,0188 (mm2/m) Chiu di tnh ton ca dy dn cp 220 kV: ltt =50 (m) Khi my bin dng ni theo hnh sao hon ton th ltt = l =50 (m) Zdd = Z2m.TC - Zdc =1,2 0,951 = 0,249 ()
mm2
Kt lun: Ta chn dy dn c tit din l 4 mm2 Kim tra theo iu kin n nh ng: Ta c: .Kl.ImSC ixk1 .90.600 = 76,37 (kA) 62,14 (kA)
BI chn tha iu kin n nh ng Kim tra theo iu kin n nh nhit: Ta c: (ImSC.knh)2.tnh BN = .tq
(600.66,7)2.3 244102.1 4805.106 595,85.106 BI chn tha iu kin n nh nhit.
- Cp 110 kV. Ta c: UmHT = 110 (kV) IN2 = 4,972 (kA) ixk2 = 12,66 (kA) Bng ph ti ngn mch nh cp 220 kV. Chn BI theo iu kin: Um.BI UHT = 110 (kV) Im.BI Icb.max = 210 (A) N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 68
Cp chnh xc l 0,5 Thng thng dng nh mc th cp ca BI l : Im.TC = I2m = 5 (A) Tng tr ca cc dng c o ni vo pha A: Zdc = ()
Kt lun: Ta chn my bin dng loi T 3M110B-I do Lin X ch to c cc thng s k thut sau: Um.BI =110 (kV) ImSC = 400 (A) Im.TC =5 (A) Bi s gii hn ca cun bo v = 20 n nh nhit: Inh =16 (kA) v tnh = 3 (s) Il = 84 (kA) Suy ra: Kl: Bi s n nh lc in ng = Il/ImSC = 210 Knh: Bi s n nh nhit = Inh/ImSC = 40 V cng t c cp chnh xc 0,5 nn cng chn BI c cp chnh xc 0,5. BI c: Z2m.TC =1,2 (). Chn dy dn ni t BI n cc dng c o: Sdd Sdd.min Ta c: Trong : Chn dy dn bng ng nn Cu = 0,0188 (mm2/m) Chiu di tnh ton ca dy dn cp 220 kV: ltt =50 (m) Khi my bin dng ni theo hnh sao hon ton th ltt = l =50 (m) Zdd = Z2m.TC - Zdc =1,2 0,951 = 0,249 ()
mm2
Kt lun: Ta chn dy dn c tit din l 4 mm2 Kim tra theo iu kin n nh ng: Ta c: .Kl.ImSC ixk2 .210.400 = 118,8 (kA) 12,66 (kA)
BI chn tha iu kin n nh ng Kim tra theo iu kin n nh nhit: N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 69
Ta c: (ImSC.knh)2.tnh BN =
.tq
(400.40)2.3 4,9722.1 768.106 24,72.106 BI chn tha iu kin n nh nhit. - Cp 22 kV cp in p 22 kV, ta dng my ct hp b bn trong my ct hp b c sn bin dng nn ta khng chn bin dng cho cp in p ny. Bng tng kt chn BI
Trang 70
VI CHNG ST VAN 1.Cch chn chng st van (CSV) - Nhim v ca chng st van l chng st nh t ngoi ng dy trn khng truyn t ngoi vo trm bin p v trm phn phi. - Chng st van c lm bng in tr phi tuyn. Vi in p nh mc ca li in, in tr ca chng st van c tr s ln v cng khng cho dng in i qua, khi c in p st in tr gim ti 0, chng st van tho dng st xung t. - cc trm phn phi trung p trong nh , ngi ta thng ch to t hp b my bin p o lng v chng st van. - cc trm bin p phn phi , chng st van trung p c th lp t ti mt trong hai v tr sau:
Chng st van c th c lp t cc v tr sau: - Lp trc DCL (hnh a): Lp v tr ny c u im l dng st khng qua DCL, nhng li c khuyt im l khi mun kim tra, sa cha, thay th chng st van cn phi ct my ct trm bin p trung gian. - Lp sau DCL (hnh b): u im l thun tin cho vic thay th chng st van nhng dng st c gi tr rt ln i qua DCL gim tui th DCL. - u chng st van vo trm (hnh C): Lp v tr ny l tt nht, va m bo an ton cho DCL, va thun tin trong vic sa cha thay th chng st van. - iu kin chn chng st van trong thit k: Um.CSV Um.li 2. p dng c th: a. Chng st van pha 220 kV: Cn c vo iu kin in p ta chn c chng st van cho cp 220 kV nh sau: Chn chng st van do Lin X c ch to c cc thng s k thut sau: - M hiu: PBC 220 - in p nh mc: UmCSV: 220 (kV) - in p cho php ln nht: Umax: 220 (kV) N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 71
- in p nh thng khi tn s 50 Hz : 400 kV - in p nh thng xung kch, khi thi gian phng in 2-10s : 530 kV - Khi lng : 405 kg b. Chng st van pha 110 kV: Cn c vo iu kin in p ta chn c chng st van cho cp 220 kV nh sau: Chn chng st van do Lin X c ch to c cc thng s k thut sau: - M hiu: PBC 110 - in p nh mc: UmCSV: 110 (kV) - in p cho php ln nht: Umax: 126 (kV) - in p nh thng khi tn s 50 Hz : 200 kV - in p nh thng xung kch, khi thi gian phng in 2-10s : 285 kV - Khi lng : 212 kg c. Chng st van pha 22 kV: C sn trong t hp b d. Chng st van pha h p 0,4 kV: V pha h p, ta chn chng st van do Sienmens ch to c cc thng s k thut sau: - M hiu: 5SD7003 - in p nh mc: UmCSV: 280 (V) - Dng in tho st : Im = 100 kA - Khi lng : 0,825 kg.
Trang 72
VII CHN S CCH IN a. Cc phng php chn s cch in: S cch in dng cch in gia cc phn dn in vi cc cu trc ca TBPP. C th phn loi theo v tr t: S trong nh v s ngoi tri hoc theo cng dng: S , s treo, s xuyn. Cc iu kin chn s cch in: 1. Theo v tr t: Trong nh, ngoi tri. 2. Theo in p nh mc: Um.s UHT Ch : i vi s treo nh sn xut ch to thng nht ty in p c th ghp ni tip, v d: 110 kV ghp t 7-8 s, 220 kV ghp t 11-14 s. 3. Theo lc c cho php: Ftt < Fcp Ftt: Lc tc dng trn s Fcp: Lc cho php trn nh s = 0,6 Fph: Lc tc ng cho php ln nht tc dng trn nh s cho trong catalogue. KG H: chiu cao ca lc tc dng; H: chiu cao ca s a: Khong cch gia cc pha. l: khong cch gia hai s lin tip nhau. ixk: Tr s xung kch bin dng ngn mch bap ha; kA. H, H; a; l : ly cng th nguyn v d bng cm hoc m. Ch : Khi lc i ng qu ln c th ghp song song hai s (i vi s ) hoc hai chui s (i vi s treo). 4. i vi s xuyn c thm iu kin: Icb.max < Im.s b. p dng c th: - Chn s treo cho cp 220 kV Do trm t ngoi tri, nn ta dng s treo. Gi s trm bin p c t trong vng c nhim bn trung bnh . Ta c: Lq = 2 cm/kV Lyc = Lq.Um.max = 2.220 = 440 cm S chn c s bt l : n = Lyc/Lc = 440/29 = 15,2 ( Lc: chiu di cch in gia cc bt s qui nh Lc = 29 cm) Chn n = 16 bt s. Chn loi IEC 305 DIN 48013 c cc thng s k thut sau: N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 73
- in p nh mc: Um = 220 kV - in p chu xung st nh mc: 1050 kV - in p chu tn s ngun nh mc: 460 kV - Khong cch phng in ng vi mc nhim: 29 cm/kV/1 bt - Kiu bt theo IEC: K8 (U80BL) Kim tra s theo iu kin qu in p ni b: n.Up = 16.40 = 640 kV M:Uqanb = 1,1.3.Upha.qanb = 1,1.3.220/ = 419 kV Ta thy: Uqanb < n. Up S chn tha iu kin qu in p ni b. - Chn s treo cho cp 110 kV: Do trm t ngoi tri, nn ta dng s treo. Gi s trm bin p c t trong vng c nhim bn trung bnh . Ta c: Lq = 2 cm/kV Lyc = Lq.Um.max = 2.121 = 242 cm S chn c s bt l : n = Lyc/Lc = 242/29 = 8,4 ( Lc: chiu di cch in gia cc bt s qui nh Lc = 29 cm) Chn n = 9 bt s. Chn loi IEC 305 DIN 48013 c cc thng s k thut sau: - in p nh mc: Um = 121 kV - in p chu xung st nh mc: 550 kV - in p chu tn s ngun nh mc: 230 kV - Khong cch phng in ng vi mc nhim: 29 cm/kV/1 bt - Kiu bt theo IEC: K8 (U80BL) Kim tra s theo iu kin qu in p ni b: n.Up = 9.40 = 360 kV M:Uqanb = 1,1.3.Upha.qanb = 1,1.3.110/ = 209,7 kV Ta thy: Uqanb < n. Up S chn tha iu kin qu in p ni b. - Chn s cho thanh gp 22 kV: V cp 22 kV ta chn t hp b tch hp sn nn ta khng chn s cp ny.
Trang 74
CHNG 6: CHN THANH GP CHO CC CP IN P

I CC IU KIN CHN THANH DN, THANH GP. 1. Theo dng in cho php: Icp.K1.K2.K3 Icb.max Trong : Icp: dng cho php khi nhit cho php l 70oC v nhit mi trng xung quanh l 25oC. K1: h s hiu chnh theo nhit mi trng xung quanh K2: h s hiu chnh ph thuc vo s dy song song K3: h s ph thuc vo cch t thanh dn : Nm ngang hay thng ng. + Thanh gp t ng : K3 = 1 + Thanh gp t ngang: K3 = 0,95 Bng h s hiu chnh (K1) theo nhit mi trng xung quanh Nhit mi trng xung quanh (oC) K1 10 1,15 15 1,10 20 1,05 25 1 30 0,94 35 0,88 40 0,82 45 0,75
2. Kim tra thanh dn theo iu kin n nh nhit. Nhit thanh dn sau thi gian ngn mch ( N) khng c vt qu nhit cho php khi pht nng ngn hn ( cpN) cho bng sau. Bng tra h s nhit theo nhit cho php cc cht vt liu Vt liu thanh dn ng Nhm Thp tcpN oC 300 200 400 H s nhit 6 11 15
Khi chn tit din dy dn theo iu kin bnh thng. Ta kim tra iu kin:
Schn Smin =
Trong : C: h s ph thuc loi vt liu thanh dn CCU: 171 (A2s/mm2) CAl: 88 (A2s/mm2)
=
N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 75
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 Vi : I tnh bng Ampe 3. Kim tra iu kin n nh lc ng in iu kin:
tt cp cp Cu = 1400 KG/cm2 ; cp Al = 700 KG/cm2 cp - ng sut tnh ton khi ngn mch, xc nh nh sau:
Trong : cp - ng sut cho php ca vt liu thanh dn
- Lc in ng Ftt tc ng ln thanh dn khi ngn mch i vi thanh gia: KG Trong : dng ngn mch xung kch bap ha (A)
l khong cch gia hai s thanh dn (cm) a khong cch gia cc pha (cm) - Moment un M tc ng ln thanh dn. ; KG.cm - ng sut tnh ton tt xc nh theo biu thc: ; KG/cm2 Trong : W moment chng un ca thanh dn theo chiu thng gc vi phng lc tc dng (cm3), xc nh theo bng sau: W Cch t
Thanh dn n hoc ghp nm ngang Thanh dn n t ng
0,17 bh2.n
0,17hb2
Thanh dn ghp hai thanh t ng Thanh dn ghp ba thanh t ng
1,44hb2
3,3hb2
Trang 76
Thanh dn trn
0,1D3
Thanh dn kiu ng trn
0,1(D3 d3)
Ghi ch: n s lng thanh dn ghp trn mt pha b chiu dy thanh dn (cm) h chiu rng (cao) D ng knh ngoi tit din trn (cm) d ng knh trong ng trn (cm)
b h h b
II P DNG C TH 1. Chn thanh gp cp 220 kV y l thit b ngoi tri, cp in p cao nn ta chn thanh gp mm. Ta c: Icp.K1.K2.K3 Icb.max Ta xem nhit xung quanh l 30 oC Tra bng ph lc 8.1 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn trang 305 ta c K1 = 0,88 Gi s K1 = 1 (thanh gp c t ng) Ta c: Suy ra: 0,88.Icp Icb.max Icp 451,8 A Ta chn thanh gp mm bng dy nhm li thp khng bc do Lin X ch to, nhit mi trng l 30 oC, nhit cho php thanh dn l 80 oC, 1 dy dn c cc thng s k thut sau: M hiu dy dn : AC-240 Tit din: 120 mm2 Icp = 610 A
Kim
tra iu kin pht nng: Theo bng ph lc 8.1 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn, trang 305. Chn: q = 15 oC ; cp = 80 oC ; xq = 30 oC = 535 (A) 397,58 (A) Tha iu kin pht nng.
Trang 77
Kim
tra n nh nhit khi ngn mch: Schn Smin =
V thanh dn bng nhm nn ta c: C = 88 thi gian xy ra s c nn mch : t = 1 (s) (KA2.s)
Schn Smin =
= 277,4 (mm2)
Vy S = 120 mm2 < Smin=277,4 mm2 khng tha,chn li dy dn Tra bng 8.12 trang 312 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn ta c: Loi AC-300 S = 300 mm2 > Smin = 277,4 mm2 v c Icp = 690 (A), d = 24 mm Tha iu kin n nh nhit
2. Chn thanh gp cp 110 kV y l thit b ngoi tri, cp in p cao nn ta chn thanh gp mm. Ta c: Icp.K1.K2.K3 Icb.max Ta xem nhit xung quanh l 30 oC Tra bng ph lc 8.1 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn trang 305 ta c K1 = 0,88 Gi s K1 = 1 (thanh gp c t ng) Ta c: Suy ra: 0,88.Icp Icb.max Icp 238,64 A Ta chn thanh gp mm bng dy nhm li thp khng bc do Lin X ch to, nhit mi trng l 30 oC, nhit cho php thanh dn l 80 oC, 1 dy dn c cc thng s k thut sau: M hiu dy dn : AC-240 Tit din: 120 mm2 Icp = 610 A
Kim
tra iu kin pht nng: Theo bng ph lc 8.1 sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn, trang 305. Chn: q = 15 oC ; cp = 80 oC ; xq = 30 oC
Trang 78
= 535 (A) 210 (A) Tha iu kin pht nng.

Kim
tra n nh nhit khi ngn mch: Schn Smin =
V thanh dn bng nhm nn ta c: C = 88 thi gian xy ra s c nn mch : t = 1 (s) (KA2.s)
Schn Smin =
= 56,5 (mm2)
Vy S = 120 mm2 > Smin= 56,5 mm2 Tha iu kin n nh nhit
CHNG 7: CHN DY DN T NGUN N TRM BIN P & CP CHO CC PH TI

I CC PHNG PHP CHN DY DN 1. Theo mt kinh t ca dng in ; Trong : Ibt.max dng in bnh thng cc i jkt mt kinh t ca dng in,ph thuc vo vt liu dy dn v thi gian s dng cng sut cc i Tmax trong mt nm, c th xc nh theo bng sau: Loi dy dn Thi gian s dng cng sut cc i Tmax (gi) < 3000 3000-5000 > 5000 2,5 1,3 3 1,6 2,1 1,1 2,5 1,4 1,8 1 2 1,2 Trang 79
Dy ng trn Dy nhm trn Cp ng cch in bng giy bc cao su Cp nhm cch in bng giy bc cao su
Cp ng cch in bng cao su
3,5
3,1
2,7
2. Kim tra theo dng in cho php lu di Icp.K2K3 Icbmax Trong : Icp, K2, K3 tng t nh chn thanh dn. 3. Theo iu kin vng quang Uvq UHT Trong : Uvq in p pht sinh vng quang, nu dy dn ba pha t trn ba nh tam gic u c th xc nh theo biu thc: (kV) Vi: Uvq tnh theo tr hiu dng ca in p dy m h s xt n x x ca b mt dy dn m = 0,93 0,98 vi dy dn ch c mt si = 0,83 0,87 v dy dn gm nhiu si bn li r bn knh ngoi ca dy dn (cm) a khong cch gia cc trc dy dn (cm) Khi cc pha t nm ngang, c th xc nh theo biu thc trn nhng gim i 4% i vi pha gia v tng 6% i vi pha ngoi. trnh hin tng vng quang, chn thanh dn mm pha cao p sao cho Uvq > Um. - Nu dn i xa trong mng in phn phi n 22 kV, cn kim tra theo iu kin tn tht in p cho php. Umax Ucp - kim tra n nh nhit theo biu thc:
Schn Smin =
II CHN CP IN LC 1. Theo mt kinh t:
2.Theo dng in cho php lu di IcpK1K2K3 Trong : Kqt h s qu ti, c xc nh nh sau: i vi cp cch in bng giy tm U 10 kV Kqt = 1,3 N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P Trang 80
K1,K2 : xc nh ging nh khi chn dy dn K3 : h s ph thuc vo nghin ca cp. 3. Theo in p cho php. Um cp UHT 4. Theo pht nng ngn hn.
Sch Smin =
III P DNG C TH 1. Cp 220 kV a. Chn dy trn khng t h thng n trm Dng in lm vic cc i bnh thng c tnh:
Khi xy ra s c mt trong hai ng dy th dy cn li phi chu dng cng bc sau: V y l ng dy di v U 110 kV nn ta chn mt dng kinh t . Icb.max = 2.Ilvbtmax = 795,16 (A) Da vo th ph ti ton trm ta tnh c.
Suy ra: Tmax.nm > 5000 h Tra bng, ta c Jkt = 1 A/mm2 : dy nhm li thp
(mm2)
Chn dy dn c tit din: Schn > Skt = 397,58 mm2 v : 0,88Icp.max Icb.max Icp.max = 903,6 (A) Tra sch TK NM & TBA ca thy Hunh Nhn trang 312 ta chn dy dn c cc thng s sau: Dy dn nhm li thp ACKC 600/72 - Tit din chun: 600 mm2 - Tit din nhm: 580 mm2 - Tit din li thp: 72,2 mm2
Trang 81
SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3 - ng knh dy dn: 33,2 mm - Dng in cho php: Icp =1050 (A) Kim tra theo iu kin pht nng: Icb.max
Chn: q = 25 oC : Nhit nh mc ca mi trng cp = 80 oC : Nhit ln nht cho php xq = 30 oC : Nhit ca mi trng tnh ton
(A) > Icp.max

tra iu kin vng quang : Uvq UHT (kV)
Tha iu kin pht nng

Kim
m: h s xt n x x ca b mt dy dn. Chn m = 0,85 ; r = 1,66 cm ; a = 400 cm
(kV) > UHT
V dy dn t trn cng mt mt phng nn Uvq ca pha gia gim 4%, pha bn tng 6%. Uvq.gia = 0,96.Uvq =0,96.282,3 = 271 (kV) Uvq.bn = 1,06.Uvq =1,06.282,3 = 299,2 (kV) Dy dn chn tha mn
Trang 82

Do An 2 Da Chinh Sua 2003

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Do An 2 Da Chinh Sua 2003

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SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

CHNG 1: TNG QUAN V TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

H s cng sut : Cos= 0.75 S ng dy :6

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

Ph ti 110 kV : - Cng sut

H s cng sut : Cos = 0.8 :8

H s cng sut: Cos = 0.8 :1

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

Cn bng cng sut v ph ti tnh ton:

S = S220 + S110 + S22 + STD

Cp 220 kV Cp 110 kV 0-4 52 24 4-8 65 32 8 - 12 65 32 12 - 14 52 32 14 - 16 65 32 16 - 20 65 40 20 - 24 52 32 b. th ph ti ton trm:

Cp 22 kV 18.4 36.8 46 46 46 46 27.6

0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5

94.9 134.3 143.5 130.5 143.5 151.5 112,1

62.6 88.6 94.7 86.1 94.7 100 74

Da vo bng cn bng cng sut tnh ta c th ph ti nh sau:

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

CHNG 2: CHN S CU TRC, S NI IN, TNH TON CHN MBA

Tn hao in nng tng qua cc MBA

2.2 S CU TRC TBA

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

Ph thuc vo cp in p v cng sut ca ph ti c th s dng 1 trong 3 phng n sau:

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

Ba MBA : Ch s dng trong trng hp c bit

Khi ph ti cc cp in p thp b hn ph ti cp in p cao ST > SH

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

MBA ba cun dy ch ch to vi in p UH 6 kV MBA t ngu ch ch to vi in p UT 110 kV

S CU TRC CHO TON H THNG

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG

Bng cc k hiu s ni in:

STT Tn thit b 01 My pht in

N 2: THIT K NH MY IN & TRM BIN P

SVTH :TN QUCH TOI MSSV: 1091031109 LP : 10HDC3

GVHD: THS. NGUYN CNG TRNG