You are on page 1of 4

LN MEN LACTIC

L qu trnh chuyn ha ng thnh acid lactic di tc dng ca vsv. Ln men lactic c hai dng: ng hnh hay khng ng hnh. PTTQ: C6H12O6 2 CH3-CHOH-COOH + 94 Kcal Ln men lactic d hnh ngoi sn phm l acid lactic cn cho ra cc sn phm ph khc nh: acid succinic, acid acetic, ethanol, kh CO2 v H2 PTTQ: 2 C6H12O6 CH3-CHOH-COOH + HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH (Acid lactic) (acid succinic) + CH3-COOH + CH3-CH2OH + CO2 + H2 (acid acetic) (ethanol) Vi khun ln men lactic c gi l vi khun lactic. Chng c th ln men cc ng mono hay disacharid, nhng khng th ln men tinh bt. Vi khun lactic thng c dng cu, ovan, hay dng que. Cc cu khun thng c ng knh 0.5 1.5m. Cc t bo hnh cu xp thnh cp hay thnh chui. Trc khun c kch thc t bo khong 1 8m. Trc khun ng ring l hay kt thnh chui. Cc vi khun lactic l vk gram dng, khng di ng, khng sinh bo t, k kh ty hay vi hiu kh. Cc loi vk lactic khc nhau ln men to acid trong cc iu kin mi trng khc nhau. a s trc khun lactic ng hnh c th pht trin pH = 3.8 4 cn cc lin cu khun th pt iu kin pH cao hn. Cc vk lactic rt kn chn thnh phn dinh dng trong mi trng v ch pht trin trong mi trng tng i y acid amin, cc hp cht nit phc tp, ngoi ra cn chng cn c nhu cu v vitamin. Vi khun lactic c hot tnh protease: phn hy c protein ca sa ti peptit v acid amin Vk lactic chu c trng thi kh hn, bn vi CO2 v cn ethylic, nhiu loi c th sng trong mi trng c 10-15% cn hay cao hn, mt s trc khun bn vi NaCl (7-10%) Vk lactic a m c nhit ti thch 40-450C, a lnh pt nhit 50C hay thp hn.

Trong t nhin vk lactic thng gp trong t, khng kh, nc, ch yu trong thc vt v cc sn phm thc phm Mt s ging ca vi khun ny c th thy trong ng tiu ha ngi v ng vt. VI KHUN LN MEN NG HNH Streptococcus lactis: Cu khun hay trc khun rt ngn khi cn non, kt i hay thnh chui. Ging a m pt tt 30-350C, lm ng t sa trong k ny trong 10-12 gi. Trong mi trng n tch t c 0.8-1% acid. c dng ch bin cc sn phm t sa nh sa chua, kem b, phomat. Streptococcus cremoris: Cu khun xp thnh chui di, a m v to t acid trong mi trng, nhit ti thch 250C, ti thiu 100C, ti a 36-380C. Streptococcus thermophilus: Cu khun xp thnh chui di, pt tt 40-450C, tch t khong 1% acid. Dng phi hp vi trc khun lactic ch bin sa chua, phomat. Lactobacillus bulgaricus: Trc khun trn xp thnh chui, khng ln men c saccharo. L ging a nhit pt nhit ti thch 40-450C, ti thiu 15-200C. N to acid mnh, tch t trong sa ti 2.5-3.5% acid lactic. c dng ch bin sa chua phng nam, sa nga. Lactobacillus casei: Trc khun nh, gp dng chui di hay ngn, tch t n 1.5% acid, nhit ti thch pt l 30-350C. Dng ch bin phomat nh hot tnh protease c th phn hy cazein ca sa n acid amin. Lactobacillus acidophilus: Trc khun di chu nhit, nhit ti thch 37-400C, tch t trong sa 2.2% acid. c phn lp t rut em b v bn con, dng sn xut sa acidophin c kh nng sinh bacterioxin c hot tnh c ch vk gy bnh ng rut. Lactobacillus delbriieckii: Trc khun lactic chu nhit thy trong ht ng cc, bt. L ging vk lactic duy nht ng ha c tinh bt, khng ln men v ng ha c lactosa. Nhit ti u 45-500C, tch t c 2.5% acid. Dng trong sn xut acid lactic t tinh bt, sx bnh m.

Lactobacillus plantarum: Trc khun nh kt i hay kt chui, pt nhit 30 0C, tch t 1.3% acid. Ch yu trong mui rau da v xylo thc n xanh trong chn nui. VI KHUN LN MEN D HNH Lactobacillus brevis: Ch yu trong mui da ci bp, rau ci, da chut, cn gi l vk ci bp. Trong ln men ngoi acid lactic cn to 1.2% acid acetic, 2.4% ethanol, CO2, n to hng cho sn phm. Lactobacillus lycopersici: Trc khun sinh hi, ng ring l hay kt chui. Gy h hng c chua qu, c chua ng hp hay nc c chua thanh trng. Cc lin cu khun hng: (Str.diacetilactis, Str.citrovorus) Ngoi acid cn to thnh cc cht thm (este v diaxetin) lm ci thin hng sa chua. Nhit ti thch cho vi khun 25-300C. Chng c th ln men mui xitrat.

NEM CHUA
Cch lm:

Tht nc ti thi nh, gi nhuyn (95%) Nguyn liu ph: gia v, thnh go Trn u, lm thnh vin kch thc ty Gi bng l i (inh lng, l vng) bn trong, bn ngoi gi l chui. Ln men nhit phng trong 3-5 ngy

Da heo luc chn. Thi nh (5%)

Nem chua thnh phm

You might also like