Bao Cao Hoan Chinh

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS
GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht
CHNG 1 TNG QUAN V TI

1.1 TNG QUAN V TI 1.1.1 GII THIU TI Ngy nay cng vi s pht trin mnh m ca cc ngnh khoa hc k thut, cng ngh k thut in t m trong l k thut t ng iu khin ng vai tr quan trng trong mi lnh vc khoa hc k thut, qun l, cng nghip, cung cp thng tin ... Do l mt sinh vin chuyn ngnh in t Vin thng chng ta phi bit nm bt v vn dng n mt cch c hiu qu nhm gp phn vo s pht trin nn khoa hc k thut th gii ni chung v trong s pht trin k thut in t ni ring. Bn cnh cn l s thc y s pht trin ca nn kinh t nc nh. Nh chng ta cng bit, gn nh cc thit b t ng trong nh my, trong i sng ca cc gia nh ngy nay u hot ng c lp vi nhau, mi thit b c mt quy trnh s dng khc nhau tu thuc vo s thit lp, ci t ca ngi s dng. Chng cha c mt s lin kt no vi nhau v mt d liu. Nhng i vi h thng iu khin thit b t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS th li khc. y, cc thit b iu khin t ng c kt ni vi nhau thnh mt h thng hon chnh qua mt mt thit b trung tm v c th giao tip vi nhau v mt d liu. in hnh ca mt h thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS gm c cc thit b n gin nh bng n, qut my, l si n cc thit b tinh vi, phc tp nh tivi, my git, h thng bo ng N hot ng nh mt ngi nh thng minh. Ngha l tt c cc thit b ny c th giao tip vi nhau v mt d liu thng qua mt u no trung tm. u no trung tm y c th l mt my vi tnh hon chnh hoc c th l mt b x l c lp trnh sn tt c cc chng trnh iu khin. Bnh thng, cc thit b trong ngi nh ny c th c iu khin t xa thng qua cc tin nhn ca ch nh. Chng hn nh vic tt qut, n in khi ngi ch nh qun cha tt trc khi ra khi nh. Hay ch vi mt tin nhn SMS, ngi ch nh c th bt SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 1
my iu ha lm mt phng trc khi v nh trong mt khong thi gian nht nh. Bn cnh n cng gi thng bo cho ngi iu khin bit khi c ngi l t nhp vo nh thng qua h thng bo ng dng led thu pht hng ngoi hay cc b cm bin khc bng mt tin nhn cnh bo. Ngoi ra, h thng cn mang tnh bo mt. Ngha l ch c ch nh hay ngi bit mt khu ca ngi nh th mi iu khin c ngi nh ny. T nhng yu cu thc t, nhng i hi ngy cng cao ca cuc sng, cng vi s hp tc, pht trin mnh m ca mng di ng nn chng em chn ti " iu khin thit b trong nh t xa qua tin nhn SMS " p ng c nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi v gp phn vo s tin b, vn minh, hin i ca nc nh. 1.1.2 NGHA CA TI Ngy nay cng vi s tin b ca khoa hc k thut, cc thit b in t ra i ngy cng nhiu v chng loi cng nh tnh nng s dng. Bn cnh nhu cu s dng cc thit b mt cch t ng ngy cng cao, con ngi ngy cng mun c nhiu thit b gii tr cng nh cc thit b sinh hot vi k thut v cng ngh ngy cng cao. C th Vit nam cha pht trin mnh m trong lnh ny nhng hin nay trn th gii, nht l cc quc gia thuc Chu u hay M th m hnh ngi nh t ng c iu khin t xa pht trin rt mnh m. T nhng nhu cu thc t , nhm em mun a mt phn nhng k thut hin i ca th gii p dng vo iu kin thc t trong nc c th to ra mt h thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS nhm p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca con ngi. ti ly c s l tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b. Vic s dng tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b c thun li l tit kim chi ph, mang tnh cnh tranh v c ng cao (ngha l ch no c ph sng mng in thoi di ng ta cng c th iu khin thit b c). Ngoi ra, sn phm ca ti ny c tnh m, c th p dng cho nhiu i tng khc nhau trong dn dng cng nh trong cng nghip. SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 2
1.1.3 MC CH V PHNG PHP NGHIN CU n c nghin cu, kho st v thc hin vi mc ch p dng nhng kin thc c hc trong nh trng thit k, to ra mt h thng iu khin t ng t xa bng tin nhn SMS hon chnh. H thng tch hp module iu khin gim st trung tm, module cng sut cho cc thit b trong nh v v module bo ng (cnh bo) cng cc module tin ch khc. Vi module bo ng th s dng hai Led thu pht hng ngoi s gi thng tin d liu v b x l trung tm khi c tc ng ca i tng bn ngoi (ngi l t nhp). Qua x l, d liu s c gi v thit b u cui (mobile) ca ngi iu khin bo cho bit c tc ng ca i tng bn ngoi ( ngi l t nhp). Module iu khin gim st c chc nng iu khin v gim st. 1.1.4 GII HN TI thc thi mt h thng iu khin thit b t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS p dng cho mt ngi nh hon chnh nh ni trn l rt phc tp v rt tn km. p ng vic iu khin ton b cc thit b ny i hi phi c mt lng thi gian, kin thc nht nh. Bn cnh cn l vn ti chnh. Vi lng thi gian v kin thc c hn, trong ti ny nhm em thc hin ch thc thi mt phn ca h thng hon chnh . l iu khin ng m n, ngoi ra cn c chc nng bo ng (cnh bo) khi c ngi l t nhp vo nh. Vi nhng g trnh by trn, nhm em tin hnh nghin cu, kho st v thc hin v d kin t c cc mc tiu t ra nh sau: iu khin cc thit b trong nh (c th l iu khin mt thit b cng sut trung bnh) bng tin nhn SMS ti v tr c ph sng ca mng in thoi di ng ang hot ng trong nc nh Viettel, Mobile Phone, Vina Phone T ng gi tin nhn ngc tr li cho ngi iu khin, vi ni Ngoi ra, h thng cn c chc nng t ng bo ng bng dung tin nhn cha thng tin hot ng ca thit b (on/off). cch gi mt tin nhn SMS ti ngi iu khin khi c ngi l t nhp. SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 3
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS 1.2 C S L LUN
1.2.1 TNH HNH NGHIN CU TRONG NC V NGOI NC 1.2.1.1 Ngoi nc Hin nay trn th gii, vic s dng tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b t xa khng cn vn mi m na v c nghin cu v p dng vo thc t trong cc nh my x nghip. K thut ny c ra i vo cui thng 8/2000, khi c n 6.3 triu GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) c s dng ti South Africa. Theo thng k th tng s ngi dng GSM vo nm 2005 c d on l 11 triu ngi ch tnh ring South Africa. Hin ti c 49 mng GSM ti Africa vi s pht trin gh ghm hn na trong tng lai. K thut GSM c kh nng truyn tin wireless vi phm vi rt rng ln v m bo tin cy cao. Chnh v vy, ngi dng c th gi tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b t xa mang li hiu qu cao. Ngi dng ch cn s dng in thoi di ng ca mnh (bt c loi hoc thng hiu) Theo di v kim sot nhng ng dng trong cng nghip v nng nghip. Nhng h thng c iu hin bi SMS (SMS Control Systems) th ch cn iu khin thng qua vic gi nhn tin nhn SMS. iu ny c ngha l vic iu khin c phm vi rt xa. H thng iu khin bng tin nhn SMS c thit k iu khin nhng thit b v ng dng : My mc nh xng. H thng x l nc thi. Nng nghip thy li. L si, p lnh, my iu ha.
1.2.1.2 Trong nc phm vi trong nc, trc khi thc hin ti ny th cng c nhm nghin cu v ti iu khin thit b bng SMS nhng nghin cu y SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 4
v mt h thng iu khin thit b in bng tin nhn SMS dng Module Sim300CZ th theo em tm hiu trn google v cc ti liu khc th cha c. Tuy nhin, vn c nhng nghin cu pht trin, ng dng lm nn tng cho ti ny c thc hin. Chng hn nh ti nghin cu: iu khin thit b t xa qua tin nhn SMS bng my tnh ca tc gi Nguyn Trng Kin v Phm Vn Nam, sinh vin trng H S Phm K Thut nm 2008. Trong ti ny, hai tc gi Nguyn Trng Kin v Phm Vn Nam s dng yu t chnh l my tnh giao tip vi in thoi bng dy cp USB Modem iu khin cc thit b in, in t trong nh chng hn nh iu khin, gim st v cho hin th c hnh nh thng qua camera v cc tnh nng khc. Tc gi nghin cu v cho i vo cc ng dng nh: tm hiu cc vn v truyn d liu, cc giao thc truyn thng, giao tip, phn mm iu khin. H thng thit k giao din iu khin trn my bng cch giao tip in thoi vi my tnh qua USB Modem. H thng c s khi nh hnh sau:
Vi h thng nh trn, tc gi khai thc, ng dng rt tt s pht trin ca mng di ng vo trong thc t. Song, theo kin ch quan th ti ny vn cn mt s thiu st cn khc phc chng hn nh: h thng trn ch ng SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 5
dng cho nhng a im, v tr no c lp t my tnh hay c dng laptop nhng rt cng knh, phc tp v trong qu trnh thc thi h thng th ngoi vic giao din phn mm xy dng hot ng n nh th phi lun m bo c giao tip ng b gia my tnh vi in thoi. Nu h thng khng duy tr c nhng yu t trn th s khng thc thi c qu trnh iu khin thit b in trong nh. Bn cnh ti nu trn cn c mt s ti khc cp n vn iu khin thit b t xa khc, nhng cha c ti no s dng tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b dng Module Sim300CZ. Tuy nhin, cc ti i trc to nn tng cho vic pht trin tng iu khin thit b t xa qua tin nhn SMS. Tm li, vic nghin cu s dng tin nhn SMS iu khin thit b hin nay ti Vit Nam ang cn rt mi m v cha i vo thc tin ng dng nhiu. Hu ht cc nghin cu u l nghin cu t pht ca c nhn nhng ngi hay nhm ngi mun tm hiu v cng ngh ny, vn cha phi l mt hot ng nghin cu mang tnh chuyn nghip c th a vo ng dng. Mc d vy vic nghin cu vn c nhng nhen nhm khi tp on in lc EVN s dng cng ngh nhn tin SMS iu khin my ct thng qua Modem in thoi ca h. c tnh 70 triu thu bao di ng Vit Nam nm 2009 khi m ba i gia di ng ca Vit Nam l VinaPhone, MobiFone v Viettel u tng trng rt nng vi s lng thu bao mi ngy pht trin c ln ti hng trm ngn thu bao. Dch v v SMS cng tng ln rt mnh. iu ny l mt li th cho vic nghin cu v pht trin cc ng dng trong iu khin t ng ha. 1.2.2 TNG THIT K Dng mng in thoi di ng ca cc nh cung cp dch v nh Viettel, Mobiphone, Vinaphone, S-Fone gi tin nhn SMS iu khin cc thit b v c th nhn d liu p ng li t cc thit b cho bit tnh trng hot ng ON/OFF ca cc thit b v gi d liu bo ng cho ngi iu khin. 1.2.3 CNG CHI TIT NGHIN CU ti ny c thc hin gm 3 phn: SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 6
PHN A: GII THIU, gii thiu mt cch khi qut v ti. PHN B: NI DUNG, gm 5 chng. Chng 1: Tng quan v ti, nu ln nhng vn hin nay c lin quan n ti, tm quan trng ca vn v hng gii quyt vn . C s l lun, trnh by tng qut cng nghin cu, cc phng php, cch thc nghin cu v k hoch thc hin ti. Chng 2: Gii thiu tng qut v Module Sim300CZ, tp lnh AT Command, tng qut v tin nhn SMS, tng qut v cng ngh GSM. Chng 3: Gii thiu tng qut v Vi iu khin Pic18f26k20, kho st s chn, t chc b chc, hot ng Timer, hot ng port ni tip, hot ng ngt, truyn thng ni tip, chuyn i ADC... Chng 4: Thit k v thi cng mch Chng 5: Kt lun v hng pht trin ca ti PHN C: PH LC 1.2.4 PHNG PHP NGHIN CU Trong ti ny nhm em s dng cc phng php nghin cu: - Phng php tham kho ti liu: bng cch thu thp thng tin t sch, tp ch v in t v truy cp t mng internet. - Phng php quan st: kho st mt s mch in thc t ang c trn th trng v tham kho thm mt s dng mch t mng Internet. - Phng php thc nghim: t nhng tng v kin thc vn c ca mnh kt hp vi s hng dn ca gio vin, nhm em lp rp th nghim nhiu dng mch khc nhau t chn lc nhng mch in ti u. Vi ti ny, nhm em da vo sch gio khoa v nhng kin thc c trang b trong qu trnh hc tp cng vi s tr gip ca my tnh v nhng thng tin trn mng Internet. Ngoi ra, cn c nhng thit b tr gip trong qu trnh thit k mch do nhm em t trang b.
CHNG 2
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GII THIU MODULE SIM 300CZ, TP LNH ATCOMMAND, TIN NHN SMS, CNG NGH GSM
2.1 TNG QUT V TIN NHN SMS 2.1.1 GII THIU V SMS SMS l t vit tt ca Short Message Service. l mt cng ngh cho php gi v nhn cc tn nhn gia cc in thoi vi nhau. SMS xut hin u tin Chu u vo nm 1992. thi im , n bao gm c cc chun v GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications). Mt thi gian sau , n pht trin sang cng ngh wireless nh CDMA v TDMA. Cc chun GSM v SMS c ngun gc pht trin bi ETSI. ETSI l ch vit tt ca European Telecommunications Standards Institute. Ngy nay th 3GPP (Third Generation Partnership Project) ang gi vai tr kim sot v s pht trin v duy tr cc chun GSM v SMS. Nh ni trn v tn y ca SMS l Short Message Service, t cm t , c th thy c l d liu c th c lu gi bi mt tin nhn SMS l rt gii hn. Mt tin nhn SMS c th cha ti a l 140 byte (1120 bit) d liu. V vy, mt tin nhn SMS ch c th cha : + 160 k t nu nh m ha k t 7 bit c s dng (m ha k t 7 bit th ph hp vi m ha cc l t latin chng hn nh cc l t alphabet ca ting Anh). + 70 k t nu nh m ha k t 16 bit Unicode UCS2 c s dng (cc tin nhn SMS khng cha cc k t latin nh k t ch Trung Quc phi s dng m ha k t 16 bit). Tin nhn SMS dng text h tr nhiu ngn ng khc nhau. N c th hot ng tt vi nhiu ngn ng m c h tr m Unicode , bao gm c Arabic, Trung Quc, Nht bn v Hn Quc.Bn cnh gi tin nhn dng text th tin nhn SMS cn c th mang cc d liu dng binary. N cn cho php gi nhc chung, hnh nh cng nhiu tin ch khc ti mt in thoi khc. Mt trong nhng u im ni tri ca SMS l n c h tr bi cc in thoi c s dng GSM hon ton. Hu ht tt c cc tin ch cng thm SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 8
gm c dch v gi tin nhn gi r c cung cp, s dng thng qua sng mang wireless. Khng ging nh SMS, cc cng ngh mobile nh WAP v mobile Java th khng c h tr trn nhiu model in thoi. S dng tin nhn SMS ngy cng pht trin v tr ln rng khp : Cc tin nhn SMS c th c gi v c ti bt k thi im no. Ngy nay, hu ht mi ngi u c in thoi di ng ca ring mnh v mang n theo ngi hu nh c ngy. Vi mt in thoi di ng , bn c th gi v c cc tin nhn SMS bt c lc no bn mun, s khng gp kh khn g khi bn ang trong vn phng hay trn xe bus hay nh Tin nhn SMS c th c gi ti cc in thoi m tt ngun. Nu nh khng chc cho mt cuc gi no th bn c th gi mt tin nhn SMS n bn ca bn thm ch khi ngi tt ngun my in thoi trong lc bn gi tin nhn . H thng SMS ca mng in thoi s lu tr tin nhn ri sau gi n ti ngi bn khi in thoi ca ngi bn ny m ngun. Cc tin nhn SMS t gy phin phc trong khi bn vn c th gi lin lc vi ngi khc Vic c v vit cc tin nhn SMS khng gy ra n o. Trong khi , bn phi chy ra ngoi khi rp ht, th vin hay mt ni no thc hin mt cuc in thoi hay tr li mt cuc gi. Bn khng cn phi lm nh vy nu nh tin nhn SMS c s dng. Cc in thoi di ng v chng c th c thay i gia cc sng mang Wireless khc nhau. Tin nhn SMS l mt cng ngh rt thnh cng v trng thnh. Tt c cc in thoi mobile ngy nay u c h tr n. Bn khng ch c th trao i cc tin nhn SMS i vi ngi s dng mobile cng mt nh cung cp dch v mng sng mang wireless, m ng thi bn cng c th trao i n vi ngi s dng khc cc nh cung cp dch v khc. SMS l mt cng ngh ph hp vi cc ng dng Wireless s dng cng vi n. SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 9
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS Ni nh vy l do:
Th nht, tin nhn SMS c h tr 100% bi cc in thoi c s dng cng ngh GSM. Xy dng cc ng dng wireless trn nn cng ngh SMS c th pht huy ti a nhng ng dng c th dnh cho ngi s dng. Th hai, cc tin nhn SMS cn tng thch vi vic mang cc d liu binary bn cnh gi cc text. N c th c s dng gi nhc chung, hnh nh, hot ha Th ba, tin nhn SMS h tr vic chi tr cc dch v trc tuyn. 2.1.2 CU TRC MT TIN NHN SMS Ni dung ca mt tin nhn SMS khi c gi i s c chia lm 5 phn nh sau :
- Instructions to air interface : Ch th d liu kt ni vi air interface (giao din khng kh) . - Instructions to SMSC : Ch th d liu kt ni vi trung tm tin nhn SMSC (short message service centre). - Instructions to handset : Ch th d liu kt ni bt tay. - Instructions to SIM (optional) : Ch th d liu kt ni, nhn bit SIM (Subscriber Identity Modules). - Message body : Ni dung tin nhn SMS. 2.1.3 TIN NHN SMS CHUI / TIN NHN SMS DI Mt trong nhng tr ngi ca cng ngh SMS l tin nhn SMS ch c th mang mt lng gii hn cc d liu. khc phc tr ngi ny, mt m rng ca n gi l SMS chui (hay SMS di) ra i. Mt tin nhn SMS dng text di c th cha nhiu hn 160 k t theo chun dng trong ting Anh. C SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 10
cu hot ng c bn SMS chui lm vic nh sau: in thoi di ng ca ngi gi s chia tin nhn di ra thnh nhiu phn nh v sau gi cc phn nh ny nh mt tin nhn SMS n. Khi cc tin nhn SMS ny c gi ti ch hon ton th n s c kt hp li vi nhau trn my di ng ca ngi nhn. Kh khn ca SMS chui l n t c h tr nhiu so vi SMS cc thit b c s dng sng wireless. 2.1.4 SMS CENTER/SMSC Mt SMS Center (SMSC) l ni chu trch nhim lun chuyn cc hot ng lin quan ti SMS ca mt mng wireless. Khi mt tin nhn SMS c gi i t mt in thoi di ng th trc tin n s c gi ti mt trung tm SMS. Sau , trung tm SMS ny s chuyn tin nhn ny ti ch (ngi nhn). Mt tin nhn SMS c th phi i qua nhiu hn mt thc th mng (netwok) (chng hn nh SMSC v SMS gateway) trc khi i ti ch thc s ca n. Nhim v duy nht ca mt SMSC l lun chuyn cc tin nhn SMS v iu chnh qu trnh ny cho ng vi chu trnh ca n. Nu nh my in thoi ca ngi nhn khng trng thi nhn (bt ngun) trong lc gi th SMSC s lu tr tin nhn ny. V khi my in thoi ca ngi nhn m ngun th n s gi tin nhn ny ti ngi nhn. Thng th mt SMSC s hat ng mt cch chuyn dng chuyn lu thng SMS ca mt mng wireless. H thng vn hnh mng lun lun qun l SMSC ca ring n v v tr ca chng bn trong h thng mng wireless. Tuy nhin h thng vn hnh mng s s dng mt SMSC th ba c v tr bn ngoi ca h thng mng wireless. Bn phi bit a ch SMSC ca h thng vn hnh mng wireless s dng, tinh chnh chc nng tin nhn SMS trn in thoi ca bn. in hnh mt a ch SMSC l mt s in thoi thng thng hnh thc, khun mu quc t. Mt in thoi nn c mt thc n chn la cu hnh a ch SMSC. Thng thng th a ch c iu chnh li trong th SIM bi h
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thng mng wireless. iu ny c ngha l bn khng cn phi lm bt c thay i no c. 2.1.5 NHN TIN SMS QUC T Cc tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh c chia ra lm hai hng mc gm tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh cc b v tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh quc t vi nhau. Tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh cc b l tin nhn m c gi gia cc nh iu hnh trog cng mt quc gia cn tin nhn SMS gia cc nh iu hnh quc t l tin nhn SMS c gi gia cc nh iu hnh mng wireless nhng quc gia khc nhau. Thng th chi ph gi mt tin nhn SMS quc t th cao hn so vi gi trong nc. V chi ph gi tin nhn trong ni mng th t hn so vi gi cho mng khc trong cng mt quc gia <= chi ph cho vic gi tin nhn SMS quc t. Kh nng kt hp ca tin nhn SMS gia hai mng wireless cc b hay thm ch l quc t l mt nhn t chnh gp phn ti s pht trin mnh m ca h thng SMS ton cu. 2.2 TNG QUT V H THNG THNG TIN DI NG GSM 2.2.1 GII THIU V CNG NGH GSM GSM (Global System for Mobile communication) l h thng thng tin di ng s ton cu, l cng ngh khng dy thuc th h 2G(second generation) c cu trc mng t bo, cung cp dch v truyn ging ni v chuyn giao d liu cht lng cao vi cc bng tn khc nhau: 400Mhz, 900Mhz, 1800Mhz v 1900Mhz, c tiu chun Vin thng Chu u (ETSI) quy nh. GSM l mt h thng c cu trc m nn hon ton khng ph thuc vo phn cng, ngi ta c th mua thit b t nhiu hng khc nhau. Do n hu nh c mt khp mi ni trn th gii nn khi cc nh cung cp dch v thc hin vic k kt roaming vi nhau nh m thu bao GSM c th d dng s dng my in thoi GSM ca mnh bt c ni u.
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Mt thun li to ln ca cng ngh GSM l ngoi vic truyn m thanh vi cht lng cao cn cho php thu bao s dng cc cch giao tip khc r tin hn l tin nhn SMS. Ngoi ra to thun li cho cc nh cung cp dch v th cng ngh GSM c xy dng trn c s h thng m nn n d dng kt ni cc thit b khc nhau t cc nh cung cp thit b khc nhau. N cho php nh cung cp dch v a ra tnh nng roaming cho thu bao ca mnh vi cc mng khc trn ton th gii. V cng ngh GSM cng pht trin thm cc tnh nng truyn d liu nh GPRS v sau ny truyn vi tc cao hn s dng EDGE. GSM hin chim 85% th trng di ng vi 2,5 t thu bao ti 218 quc gia v vng lnh th. Cc mng thng tin di ng GSM cho php c th roaming vi nhau do nhng my in thoi di ng GSM ca cc mng GSM khc nhau c th s dng c nhiu ni trn th gii. 2.2.2 C IM CA CNG NGH GSM - Cho php gi v nhn nhng mu tin nhn vn bn bng k t di n 126 k t. - Cho php chuyn giao v nhn d liu, FAX gia cc mng GSM vi tc hin hnh ln n 9.600 bps. - Tnh ph sng cao: Cng ngh GSM khng ch cho php chuyn giao trong ton mng m cn chuyn giao gia cc mng GSM trn ton cu m khng c mt s thay i, iu chnh no. y l mt tnh nng ni bt nht ca cng ngh GSM(dch v roaming). - S dng cng ngh phn chia theo thi gian TDM (Time division multiplexing ) chia ra 8 knh full rate hay 16 knh haft rate. - Cng sut pht ca my in thoi c gii hn ti a l 2 watts i vi bng tn GSM 850/900Mhz v ti a l 1 watts i vi bng tn GSM 1800/1900Mhz. - Mng GSM s dng 2 kiu m ho m thanh nn tn hiu m thanh 3,1khz l m ho 6 v 13kbps gi l Full rate (13kbps) v haft rate (6kbps). 2.2.3 CU TRC CA MNG GSM SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 13
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS 2.2.3.1 Cu trc tng qut
Hnh 2.1 Cu trc ca cng ngh GSM H thng GSM c chia thnh nhiu h thng con nh sau: Phn h chuyn mch NSS (Network Switching Subsystem). Phn h trm gc BSS (Base Station Subsystem). Phn h bo dng v khai thc OSS (Operation Subsystem). Trm di ng MS (Mobile Station).
2.2.3.2 Cc thnh phn ca cng ngh mng GSM
Hnh 2.2 Cc thnh phn mng GSM SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 14
2.2.4 S PHT TRIN CA CNG NGH GSM VIT NAM Cng ngh GSM vo Vit Nam t nm 1993. Hin, ba nh cung cp di ng cng ngh GSM ln nht ca Vit Nam l VinaPhone, MobiFone v Viettel Mobile, cng l nhng nh cung cp chim th phn nhiu nht trn th trng vi s lng thu bao mi tng chng mt trong thi gian va qua. Hin nay c n hn 85% ngi dng hin nay ang l khch hng ca cc nh cung cp dch v theo cng ngh GSM. Cho ti thi im ny, th trng thng tin di ng ca Vit Nam c khong 70 triu thu bao di ng. Khi m ba i gia di ng ca Vit Nam l VinaPhone, MobiFone v Viettel u tng trng rt nng vi s lng thu bao mi ngy pht trin c ln ti hng trm ngn thu bao. 2.3 GII THIU MODULE SIM300CZ, TP LNH AT COMMAND. 2.3.1 GII THIU MODULE SIM300CZ Cc modem c s dng t nhng ngy u ca s ra i my tnh. T Modem l mt t c hnh thnh t hai t modulator v demodulator. V nh ngha c trng ny cng gip ta hnh dung c phn no l thit b ny s lm ci g. D liu s th n t mt DTE, thit b d liu u cui c iu ch theo ci cch m n c th c truyn d liu qua cc ng dy truyn dn. mt mt khc ca ng dy, mt modem khc th hai iu ch d liu n v xc tin, duy tr n. Cc modem ngy xa ch tng thch cho vic gi nhn d liu. thit lp mt kt ni th mt thit b th hai nh mt dialer th c cn n. i khi kt ni cng c thit lp bng tay bng cch quay s in thoi tng ng v mt khi modem c bt th kt ni coi nh c thc thi. Cc my tnh loi nh cc nm 70 thm nhp vo th trng l cc gia nh, cng vi chi ph th s thiu ht v kin thc k thut tr thnh mt vn nan gii Mt modem GSM l mt modem wireless, n lm vic cng vi mt mng wireless GSM. Mt modem wireless th cng hot ng ging nh mt modem quay s. im khc nhau chnh y l modem quay s th truyn v
Page 15
nhn d liu thng qua mt ng dy in thoi c nh trong khi mt modem wireless th vic gi nhn d liu thng qua sng. Ging nh mt in thoi di ng GSM , mt modem GSM yu cu 1 th sim vi mt mng wireless hot ng. Module Sim300CZ l mt trong nhng loi modem GSM. Nhng Module Sim300CZ oc nng cao hn c tc truyn d liu nhanh hn. N s dng cng ngh GSM/GPRS hot ng bng tng EGSM 900Mhz, DCS 1800 Mhz v PCS 1900Mhz, tnh nng GPRS ca Sim 300CZ c nhiu lp 8 lp in dung 10 lp in dung V h tr GPRS theo dang th m ha CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 v CS-4 2.3.2 C IM CA MODULE SIM300CZ. 1. Ngun cung cp khong 3,4 4,5V 2. Ngun lu tr 3. Bng tn EGSM 900Mhz, DCS 1800 Mhz v PCS 1900Mhz, Sim300CZ c th t ng tm kim cc bng tn Ph hp vi GSM Pha 2/2+ 4. Loi GSM l loi MS nh 5. Kt ni GPRS GPRS c nhiu rnh loi 8 ( la chn ) GPRS c nhiu rnh loi 10 ( t ng ) 6. Gii hn nhit :
Bnh thng -300C ti +700C Hn ch : - 350C ti -300C v +700C ti +800C Nhit bo qun: -450C ti 850C
7. D liu GPRS: GPRS d liu ti xung: Max 85.6 kbps GPRS d liu p ln: Max 42.8 kbps SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 16
S m ha: CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 v CS-4 Sim 300 CZ h tr giao thc PAP ,kiu s dng kt ni PPP Sim 300CZ tch hp giao thc TCP/IP Chp nhn thng tin c iu chnh rng ri 8.CSD: Tc truyn dn CSD: 2; 4; 8; 9; 6; 14 KPPS H tr USSD 9.SMS: MT, MO, CB, Text and PDU mode B nh SMS: Sim, card 10. FAX: Nhm 3 loi 1 11.Sim card:
H tr sim card: 1,8v ; 3v

12. Anten ngoi: Kt ni thng qua anten ngoi 500km hoc anten 13. m thanh: Dng m ha m thanh. Mc ch (ETS 06.20) Ton b ch (ETS 06.10) Ton b ch tng cng (ETS 06.50/ 06.06/ 06.80) Loi b ting di 14.Giao tip ni tip v s ghp ni: Cng ni tip: 7 Cng ni tip( ghp ni) Cng kt ni c th Sd vi CSD Fax, GPRS v gi lnh ATCommand ti mudule iu khin Cng ni tip c th Sd chc nng giao tip H tr tc truyn 1200 BPS ti 115200 BPS SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 17
Cng hiu chnh li: 2 cng ni tip TXD v RXD Cng hiu chnh li ch s dng sa li 15. Qun l danh sch: H tr mu danh sch: SM, FD, LD, RC,ON, MC 16. Sim Application toolkit: H tr SAT loi GSM 11,14 bn 99 17. ng h thi gian thc: Ngi ci t 18. Times function:
Lp trnh thng qua AT Command

19. c tnh vt l (c im): Kch tht 500.15 x 330.15 x7.70.3mm Nng 13.8 kg 20. Chng trnh hon thin: Bng phi hp: Coding scheme CS 1 CS 2 CS 3 CS 4 1.Time & lot 9. oskbps 13.4 kbps 15.6 kbps 21.4 kbps 2. Tome slot 18.1 kbps 26.8 kbps 31.2 kbps 42.8 kbps 4. Time slot 36. 2 kbps 53.6 kbps 62.4 kbps 85.6 kbps
Hnh 2.3 Module Sim300CZ SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 18
2.3.3 KHO ST S CHN V CHC NNG TNG CHN

S 1 1 1 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 V 1 V V 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 C R C 18 20 22 24 26 25 33 27 29 31 S IM -V C C S IM -P R E S E N C E S IM -R S T S IM -D A T A S IM -C L K 28 30 32 34 36 0 1 2 3 4
0 1 2 3 4
T T T T T
1 3 5 7 9
C - E T C H G
X T
M M M M S S S S
I I I I P P P P
C C C C K K K K
5 51 15 62 2 5 51 51 52 2
4 6P N 8 0P N 3 5P 7N 9P N
C C C C C
R R R R R B B B B B K K K K K
K K K K K
T E M P -B A T
BU ZZER
2 4 6 8 10
16
51 52
19 21 35
13
17
23
Hnh 2.4 S chn ca Module Sim300CZ + Chn 1, 3,5,7,9: 5 chn ca dip c dnh ring kt ni ti ngun cung cp, ngun cung cp ca Sim300CZ l ngun n VDAT l 3,4 V 4,5 V + Chn 2,4,6,8,10: chn max + Chn 11 (VCHG) : Voltage input for the charge circuit; making the system detect the charger. + Chn 12 (ADC) : Chn vo ca b chuyn i tn hiu tng t sang s + Chn 13 (TEMP-BAT): + Chn 14 ( VRTC): Current input for RTC when the battery is not supplied for the system.Current output for backup battery when the main battery is present and the backup battery is in low voltage state. + Chn 15 (VCC-EXT) :Supply 2.93V voltage for external circuit. Bymeasuring this pin, user can judge whether the system is power on or off. When the voltage is low, the system is power off. Otherwise, the system is power on + Chn 16 ( NETLIGHT): u ra dng ch bo mng kt ni c h thng. + Chn 17 (PWRKEY): chn ny dng iu khin h thng bt/tt + Chn 18, 20, 22, 24, 26 (KBC): bn phm. SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 19
12
A D C -0
AG N D AG N D
G G G G G
N N N N N
B B
G G
- R X D - T X D
STATU S G P IO -0 G P IO -1
8 0 D D
N E T L IG H T
D C D D T R R X D T X D R T S C T S R I
S
PW R KEY
I M
D D D D D
V V V V V
B B B B B
B B B B B
A A A A A
3 8 D I S P 4- C0 D I S P -4 C 2 D I S P -4 D 4 D I S P -4 D 6 D I S P - R
z
S L K A T / C S T
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS + Chn 19 (STATUS) : bo trnh trng cng vic. + Chn 21, 35 (GPIO) :Normal input/output port + Chn 23 (BUZZER) : u ra chung
+ Chn 25 ( SIM VCC) : ngun cung cp cho th sim. + Chn 27 ( SIM RST) :chn reset cho mch sim + Chn 28, 30, 32, 34, 36 ( KBR ):chn kt ni vi bn phm + Chn 29 ( SIM DATA) : u ra d liu chn sim + Chn 31 ( SIM CLK ): chn thi gian ca sim + Chn 33 (SIM PRESENCE ) :chn d tm mng + Chn 37 (DCD): Data carrier detection + Chn 38 (DISP CS): + Chn 40 (DISP CLK) : + Chn 42 (DISP DATA ) : + Chn 44 (DISP D/C ): + Chn 46 ( DISP RST ): chn ra giao tip vi mng hnh + Chn 39 ( DTR ) : chn u cui d liu + Chn 41 (RXD ) : chn nhn d liu + Chn 43 (TXD ) : chn truyn d liu + Chn 45 ( RTS ) : Request to send + Chn 47 ( CTS ) : Clear to send + Chn 49 ( RI ) : Ring indicator + Chn 48 ( DBG RXD ) : u ra dng iu chnh trong nhn d liu + Chn 50 ( DBG TXD ) : u ra dng iu chnh trong truyn d liu + Chn 51, 51 ( AGND ) : chn max + Chn 53 ( SPK1P), 55 ( SPK1N ) : chn output + Chn 54 ( MIC1P ), 56 ( MIC1N ) : chn input + Chn 57 ( SPK2P ), 59 ( SPK2N) : chn output + Chn 58 ( MIC2P ), 60 ( MIC2N ) :chn input 2.3.4 KHO ST TP LNH AT CA MODULE SIM300CZ
Page 20
Cc modem c s dng t nhng ngy u ca s ra i ca my tnh. T Modem l mt t c hnh thnh t hai t modulator v demodulator. V nh ngha c trng ny cng gip ta hnh dung c phn no l thit b ny s lm ci g. D liu s th n t mt DTE, thit b d liu u cui c iu ch theo ci cch m n c th c truyn d liu qua cc ng dy truyn dn. mt mt khc ca ng dy, mt modem th hai iu ch d liu n v xc tin, duy tr n. Khi chng ta xem trong RS232 port layout th chun RS232 miu t mt knh tryun thng vi b kt ni 25 chn DB25, n c thit k thc thi qu trnh truyn cc lnh n modem c kt ni vi n. Thao tc ny bao gm c cc lnh quay mt s in thoi no . Khng my l cc qu trnh dng RS232 vi chi ph thp ny ch th hin trn cc my tnh cc h gia nh trong nhng nm 70, v knh truyn thng th 2 khng c thc thi. Th nn nht thit phi c mt phng php c thit lp s dng knh d liu hin ti khng ch truyn d liu t mt im u cui ny ti mt im u cui khc m n cn nhm ti modem duy nht. Dennis Hayes a ra gii php cho vn ny trong nm 1977. Modem thng minh ( Smartmodem ) ca ng s dng chun truyn thng RS232 n gin kt ni ti mt my tnh truyn c cu lnh v d liu. Bi v mi lnh bt u vi ch AT trong ch Attention nn ngn ng iu khin c nh ngha bi Hayes nhanh chng oc bit n vi b lnh Hayes AT. Chnh v s n gin v kh nng thc thi vi chi ph thp ca n, b lnh Hayes AT nhanh chng c s dng ph bin trong cc modem ca cc nh sn xut khc nhau. Khi chc nng v tch hp ca cc modem ngy cng tng cng thi gian, nn lm cho ngn ng lnh Hayes AT cng phc tp. V th nhanh chng mi nh sn xut modem s dng ngn ng ring ca ng y. Ngy nay b lnh AT bao gm c cc lnh v d liu, fax, voice v cc truyn thng SMS Cc lnh AT l cc hng dn c s dng iu khin mt modem. AT l mt cch vit gn ca ch Attention. Mi dng lnh ca n bt u vi AT hay at. l l do ti sao cc lnh modem c gi l cc lnh AT. SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 21
Nhiu lnh ca n c s dng iu khin cc modem quay s s dng dy mi (wired dial-up modems), chng hn nh ATD (Dial), ATA (Answer), ATH (Hool control) v ATO (return to online data state), cng c h tr bi cc modem GSM/GPRS v cc in thoi di ng. Bn cch b lnh AT thng dng ny, cc modem GSM/GPRS v cc in thoi di ng cn c h tr bi mt b lnh AT c bit i vi cng ngh GSM. N bao gm cc lnh lin quan ti SMS nh AT+ CMGS (gi tin nhn SMS), AT+CMSS (gi tin nhn SMS t mt vng l tr), AT+CMGL (chui lit k cc tin nhn SMS) v AT+CMGR (c tin nhn SMS). Ngoi ra, cc modem GSM cn h tr mt b lnh AT m rng. Nhng lnh AT m rng ny c nh ngha trong cc chun ca GSM. Vi cc lnh AT m rng ny,bn c th lm mt s th nh sau:

c,vit, xa tin nhn Gi tin nhn SMS Kim tra chiu di tn hiu Kim tra trng thi sc bin v mc sc ca bin. c, vit v tm kim v cc mc danh b
S tin nhn SMS c th c thc thi bi mt modem SMS trn mt pht th rt thp, n ch khong t 6 n 10 tin nhn SMS trn 1 pht. 2.3.4.1 Cc lnh khi to GSM Module Sim300CZ:
Lnh AT<cr>
Nu lnh thc hin c th tr v: Ok Bt u thc hin cc lnh tip theo. Nu lnh khng thc hin c th tr v dng: +CMS ERROR <err> Lnh AT+CMGF=[<mode>] <cr> Nu lnh thc hin c th tr v: SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 22
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS Ok <mode> : 0 dng d liu PDU 1 dng d liu kiu text Nu lnh khng thc hin c th tr v dng: +CMS ERROR <err> Lnh AT&W[<n>] Nu lnh thc hin c th tr v: Ok
Lu cu hnh cho GSM Module Sim300CZ Nu lnh khng thc hin c th tr v dng: +CMS ERROR <err> Lnh ATE[<value>] Nu lnh thc hin c th tr v: Ok <value> 0 Tt ch Echo 1 Bt ch Echo Nu lnh khng thc hin c th tr v dng: +CMS ERROR <err> 2.3.4.2 Cc lnh x l cuc gi: Lnh quay s: ATD<cr> V d: mun quay s ti s in thoi 01266609025 thi ta g lnh ATD01266609025;<cr> <cr>: Enter Lnh nhc my: ATA<cr> V d: khi c s in thoai no gi n s in thoi c gn trn modem Sim300Cz, ta mun nht my kt ni th g lnh ATA <cr> Lnh b cuc gi: SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 23
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS ATH<cr>
V d: khi c s in thoai no gi n s in thoi c gn trn modem Sim300Cz, ta khng mun nhc my m t chi cuc gi th g lnh ATH<cr> 2.3.4.3 Cc lnh v SMS Lnh Xa tin nhn AT+CMGD V d: mun xa mt tin nhn no c lu trn sim th ta thc hin lnh sau. AT+CMGD=<index> <cr> <index>: v tr ngn nh lu tin nhn Nu lnh thc hin c th tr v: Ok Nu lnh khng thc hin c th tr v dng: +CMS ERROR <err> Lnh c tin nhn: AT+CMGR=<index>[,mode] <cr> <index> : s nguyn, l v tr ngn nh cha tin nhn cn c <mode> : 0 dng d liu PDU 1 dng d liu kiu text Nu nh lnh c thc hin th kiu d liu tr v di dng text ( mode=1): T SMS-DELIVER: +CMGR:<stat>,<oa>, [<alpha>],<scts>[,<tooa>,<fo>,<pid>,<dcs>,<sca>,<tosca>,<length>]<C R><LF><data> T SMS-SUBMIT: +CMGR:<stat>,<da>,[<alpha>][,<toda>,<fo>,<pid>,<dcs>, [<vp>],<sca>,<tosca>,<length>]<CR><LF><data> T SMS-STATUS-REPORTs: +CMGR: <stat>,<fo>,<mr>,[<ra>],[<tora>],<scts>,<dt>,<st> SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 24
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS T SMS-COMMANDs:
+CMGR:<stat>,<fo>,<ct>[,<pid>,[<mn>],[<da>], [<toda>],<length><CR><LF><cdata>] T CBM storage +CMGR:<stat>,<sn>,<mid>,<dcs>,<page>,<pages><CR><LF> <data> Nu d liu tr v dng PDU(mode=0): +CMGR: <stat>,[<alpha>],<length><CR><LF><pdu> Nu lnh b li th tr v di dng: +CMS ERROR: <err> Lnh gi tin nhn SMS: AT+CMGS Nu gi tin nhn di dng text: (+CMGF=1): +CMGS=<da>[,<toda>]<CR> text is entered <ctrl-Z/ESC> Nu gi tin nhn dng PDU: (+CMGF=0): +CMGS=<length><CR> PDU is given <ctrl-Z/ESC> Lnh c thc hin thnh cng thi d liu tr v: Dng text : +CMGS: <mr> OK Dng PDU : +CMGS: <mr> OK Lnh b li : +CMS ERROR: <err> Lnh vit tin nhn ri lu vo ngn nh: AT+CMGW Nu vit tin nhn di dng text : AT+CMGW=[<oa/da>[,<tooa/toda>[,<stat>]]]<CR>text <ctrl-Z/ESC> <ESC> Lnh c thc hin ng th d liu tr v dng: SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 25 is entered
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS +CMGW: <index> OK Lnh sai: +CMS ERROR: <err> Nu vit tin nhn di dng PDU:
AT+CMGW=<length>[,<stat>]<CR> PDU is given <ctrl-Z/ESC> Lnh gi tin nhn t mt ngn nh no : AT+CMSS=<index>[,<da>[,<toda>]] Nu lnh c thc hin thnh cng d liu tr v dng: Dng text: +CMGS: <mr> [,<scts>] OK Dng PDU: +CMGS: <mr> [,<ackpdu>] OK Nu lnh b li: +CMS ERROR: <err> Lnh bo hiu tin nhn mi: AT+CNMI=[<mode>[,<mt>[,<bm> [,<ds>[,<bfr>]]]]] Nu lnh c thch hin ng th d liu tr v dng: OK Nu lnh b li: +CMS ERROR: <err> 2.3.4.4 Cc lnh v GPRS AT+CGATT : lnh gn hay tch thit b khi GPRS AT+CGDCONT : nh ngha dng PDP AT+CGQMIN : cht lng dich v mc thp nht AT+CGQREQ : cht lng dich v AT+CGDATA : trng thi d liu vo AT+CGREG : tnh trng ng k ca mng AT+CGCOUNT : m gi d liu vo 2.3.4.5 Cc lnh v TCP/IP SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 26
Lnh bt u kt ni TCP hay UDP AT+CIPSTART=<mode>,[<IPaddress>,<domain name>],<port> Trong : <mode> : tham s bo kiu kt ni TCP hay UDP <IP address> : a ch IP ca ngi iu khin t xa <port> : <domain name> : tn min ca ngi iu khin t xa Nu lnh thc hin ng th lnh tr v : CONNECT OK Nu lnh thc hin 2.3.4.6 Cc lnh khc Lnh ngh AT+CFUN V d mun tt ht chc nng lin quan n truyn nhn sng RF v cc chc nng lin quan n sim th g lnh: AT+CFUN=0 <cr> OK Lnh chuyn t ch ngh sang ch hot ng bnh thng AT+CFUN V d sim ang ch ngh ta mun chuyn sang ch hot ng bnh thng thi g lnh: AT+CFUN=1 <cr> OK Lnh reset mode ATZ <cr> OK Lnh tt ch echo ATE0 <cr> 2.3.4.7 Cc lnh kim tra ban u: SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 27

-
Ly thng tin c bn v in thoi di ng hay modem
GSM/GPRS. V d nh tn ca nh sn xut (AT+CGMI), s model (AT+CGMM), s IMEI (International Mobile Equipment Identity) (AT+CGSN) v phin bn phn mm (AT+CGMR).
-
Ly cc thng tin c bn v nhng ngi k tn di y. Th
d, MSISDN (AT+CNUM) v s IMS (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) (AT+CIMI).

-
Ly thng tin trng thi hin ti ca in thoi di ng hay
modem GSM/GPRS. V d nh trng thi hot ng ca in thoi (AT+CPAS), trng thi ng k mng mobile (AT+CREG), chiu di sng radio (AT+CSQ), mc sc bin v trng thi sc bin (AT+CBC).
-
c (AT+CPBR), vit (AT+CPBW) hay tm kim (AT+CPBF) c mc Thc thi cc nhim v lin quan ti an ton, chng hn nh m
v danh b in thoi (phonebook).

-
hay ng cc kha chc nng (AT+CLCK), kim tra xem mt chc nng c kha hay cha (AT+CLCK) v thay i password (AT+CPWD).
-
iu khin hot ng ca cc m kt qu/cc thng bo li ca
cc lnh AT. V d, bn c th iu khin cho php hay khng cho php kch hot hin th thng bo li (AT+CMEE) v cc thng bo li nn c hin th theo dng s hay theo dng dng ch (AT+CMEE=1 hay AT+CMEE=2).
-
Thit lp hay thay i cu hnh ca in thoi di dng hay
modem GSM/GPRS. V d, thay i mng GSM (AT+COPS), loi dch v ca b truyn tin (AT+CBST), cc thng s protocol lin kt vi radio (AT+CRLP), a ch trung tm SMS (AT+CSCA) v khu vc lu tr cc tin nhn SMS (AT+CPMS).
-
Lu v phc hi cc cu hnh ca in thoi di ng hay modem
GSM/GPRS. V du, lu (AT+COPS) v phc hi (AT+CRES) cc thit lp lin quan ti tin nhn SMS chng hn nh a ch trung tm tin nhn SMS.
Page 28
CHNG 3 KHO ST VI IU KHIN PIC18F26K20

3.1 GII THIU TNG QUT V PIC18F26K20. 3.1.1 GII THIU V PIC18F26K20 Khi x l trung tm m ng vai tr chnh l Pic 18F26K20 s lm nhim v chnh l tip nhn v x l cc d liu n v i mt cch t ng. ti s dng PIC 18F26K20 v nhng u im vt tri ca n so vi cc vi iu khin khc.V mt tnh nng v cng nng th c th xem PIC vt tri hn rt nhiu so vi 89 vi nhiu module c tch hp sn nh ADC 10 BIT, PWM 10 BIT, EEPROM 256 BYTE, COMPARATER, VERF COMPARATERV mt gi c th c i cht chnh lch nh gi 1 con 89S52 khong 20.000 th PIC18F26K20 l 60.000 nhng khi so snh nh th th ta nn xem li phn linh kin cho vic thit k mch nu nh xi 89 mun c ADC bn phi mua con ADC chng hn nh ADC 0808 hay 0809 vi gi vi chc ngn v b opamp th khi s dung PIC n tch hp cho ta sn cc module c ngha l bn ko cn mua ADC, Opam, EPPROM v PIC c sn trong n. Ngoi chng ta s gp nhiu thun li hn trong thit k board, khi board mch s nh gn v p hn d thi cng hn rt nhiu, v tnh v gi c tng cng cho n lc thnh phm th PIC c th xem nh r hn 89. Mt iu c bit na l tt c cc con PIC c s dng th u c chun PI tc chun cng nghip thay v chun PC (chun dn dng). Ngoi ra, PIC c ngn ng h tr cho vic lp trnh ngoi ngn ng Asembly cn c ngn ng C th c th s dung CCS, HTPIC, MirkoBasic, v cn nhiu chng trnh khc na h tr cho vic lp trnh bn cnh ngn ng kinh in l asmbler th s dng MPLAB IDE. Bn cnh vi b dy ca s pht trin lu i PIC to ra rt nhiu din n si ni v PIC c trong v ngoi nc. Chnh v vy chng ta s c nhiu thun li trong vic d dng tm kim cc thng tin lp trnh cho cc dng PIC. Dng PIC 18F26K20 c chn s dng trong ti l dng ph thng vi cc tnh nng c bn v d cho vic s dng vi: SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 29
- Tp lnh lp trnh ch c 35 lnh rt d nh v d hc, c di 16bit. Mi lnh u c thc thi trong 1 chu k xung clock. Tc hot ng ti a cho php l 64MHz. - 64k Flash Rom. - 3936 Bytes Ram. - 1024 Bytes EEPROM - 4 Port iu khin vo ra vi tn hiu iu khin c lp, vi dng ra cao c th kch trc tip cc transirtor m ko cn wa b buffer. - 4 b nh thi Timer0, Timer1, Timer2, Timer3 - 1 b nh thi Timer0 8 bit c th lp trnh c. - 3 b nh thi Timer1, Timer2 v Timer3 16 bit c th hot ng trong ch sleep vi ngun xung clock ngoi. - 2 b module CCP ( bao gm Capture bt gi, Compare so snh, PWM iu ch xung 10 bit) v 1 b module ECCP. - 1 b ADC vi 10 knh ADC 10 bit . - 2 b so snh tng t hot ng c lp. - B gim st nh thi Watchdog timer. - Cng giao tip song song 8 bit vi cc tn hiu iu khin. - Chun giao tip ni tip MSSP (SPI/I2C) - Chun giao tip ni tip USART (AUSART/EUSART) vi 9bit a ch - H tr giao tip I2C. - 15 ngun ngt. - Ch sleep tit kim nng lng. - Chc nng bo mt chng trnh - Np chng trnh bng cng ni tip ICSP( In Ccuit Serial Programming) thng qua 2 chn. - C th hot ng vi nhiu dng Oscillator khc nhau. - Tn s hot ng ti a l 64Mhz. - B nh Flash vi kh nng ghi xa c 100.000 ln SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 30
- B nh EEPROM vi kh nng ghi xa c 1.000.000 ln - D liu EEPROM c th lu tr trn 40 nm - Kh nng t np chng trnh vi s iu khin ca phn mm. 3.1.2 S KHI CA PIC18F26K20
Hnh 3.1 S khi Vi iu khin Pic18F26K20
3.2 KHO ST S CHN, CHC NNG TNG CHN

3.2.1 S CHN VI IU KHIN PIC18F26K20
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Hnh 3.2 Vi iu khin Pic18F26K20 v cc dng s chn 3.2.2 T CHC B NH. Cu trc b nh ca vi iu khin PIC16F877A bao gm b nh chng trnh (Program memory) v b nh d liu (Data Memory). 3.2.2.1 B nh chng trnh. B nh chng trnh ca Vi iu khin Pic 18F26K20 l b nh flash, dung lng b nh 64K word (1 word = 16bit). m ha c a ch ca 64k word b nh chng trnh, b m chng trnh c 21bit (PC<20:0>). Khi vi iu khin c reset, b m chng trnh s ch n a ch 0000h (Reset vertor). Khi c ngt xy ra, b m chng trnh s ch n a ch 0008h (Interrupt vertor). B nh chng trnh bao gm b nh Stack v c a ch ha bi b m chng trnh. SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 32
Hnh 3.3 B nh chng trnh Pic 18F26K20 3.2.2.2 B nh d liu B nh d liu ca Pic l b nh EEPROM c chia ra lm nhiu bank. i vi Pic 18F26K20 b nh d liu c chia ra lm 16 bank.
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Hnh 3.4 S t chc b nh d liu Pic 18F26K20
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Hnh 3.5 a ch thanh ghi ca Pic 18F26K20 3.2.3 CC CNG I/O CA PIC18F26K20. Cng xut nhp (I/O port) chnh l phng tin m vi iu khin dng tng tc vi th gii bn ngoi. S tng tc ny rt a dng v thng qua qu trnh tng tc , chc nng ca vi iu khin c th hin mt cch r rng. Mt cng xut nhp ca vi iu khin bao gm nhiu chn (I/O pin), ty theo cch b tr v chc nng ca vi iu khin m s lng cng xut nhp v s lng chn trong mi cng c th khc nhau. Bn cnh , do vi iu khin c tch hp sn bn trong cc c tnh giao tip ngoi vi nn bn cnh chc nng l cng xut nhp thng thng, mt s chn xut nhp cn c thm cc chc nng khc th hin s tc ng ca cc c tnh ngoi vi nu trn i vi th gii bn ngoi. Chc nng ca tng chn xut nhp trong mi cng hon ton c th c xc lp v iu khin c thng qua cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan n chn xut nhp . Vi iu khin PIC18F26K20 c 4 cng xut nhp, bao gm PORTA, PORTB, PORTC v PORTE. PORTA
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PORTA (RPA) bao gm 8 I/O pin. y l cc chn hai chiu (bidirectional pin), ngha l c th xut v nhp c. Chc nng I/O ny c iu khin bi thanh ghi TRISA (a ch 92h). Mun xc lp chc nng ca mt chn trong PORTA l input, ta set bit iu khin tng ng vi chn trong thanh ghi TRISA v ngc li, mun xc lp chc nng ca mt chn trong PORTA l output, ta clear bit iu khin tng ng vi chn trong thanh ghi TRISA. Thao tc ny hon ton tng t i vi cc PORT v cc thanh ghi iu khin tng ng TRIS (i vi PORTA l TRISA, i vi PORTB l TRISB, i vi PORTC l TRISC, v i vi PORTE l TRISE). Bn cnh PORTA cn l ng ra ca b ADECLARE, b so snh, ng vo analog ng vo xung clock ca Timer0 v ng vo ca b giao tip MSSP (Master Synchronous Serial Port). c tnh ny s c trnh by c th trong phn sau. Cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan n PORTA bao gm: PORTA (a ch 80h) : cha gi tr cc pin trong PORTA. TRISA (a ch 92h) : iu khin xut nhp. CM1CON0 (a ch 7Bh) : thanh ghi iu khin b so snh 1. CM2CON0 (a ch 7Ah) : thanh ghi iu khin b so snh 2. CVRCON (a ch B5h) : thanh ghi iu khin b so snh in p. LATA (a ch 89h) : thanh ghi iu khin d liu PORTA. ANSEL (a ch 7Eh) : thanh ghi SLRCON (a ch 78h) : PORTB PORTB (RPB) gm 8 pin I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l TRISB (a ch 93h). Bn cnh mt s chn ca PORTB cn c s dng trong qu trnh np chng trnh cho vi iu khin vi cc ch np khc nhau. PORTB cn lin quan n ngt ngoi vi v b Timer0. PORTB cn c tch hp chc nng in tr ko ln c iu khin bi chng trnh. Cu trc bn trong v chc nng c th ca tng chn trong PORTB s c trnh by c th trong Ph lc 1. Cc thanh ghi SFR lin quan n PORTB bao gm: SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 36
PORTB (a ch 81h) : cha gi tr cc pin trong PORTB TRISB (a ch 93h) : iu khin xut nhp INTCON (a ch F2h) : cha cc bit iu khin v cc bit c hiu. INTCON2 (a ch F1h) INTCON3 (a ch F0h). SLRCON (a ch 78h) LATB (a ch 8Ah) :thanh ghi iu khin d liu PORTB. WPUB (a ch 7Ch) IOCB (a ch 7Dh) ANSELH (a ch 7Fh) PORTC PORTC (RPC) gm 8 pin I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng l TRISC. Bn cnh PORTC cn cha cc chn chc nng ca b so snh, b Timer1, b PWM v cc chun giao tip ni tip I2C, SPI, SSP, USART. Cc thanh ghi iu khin lin quan n PORTC: PORTC (a ch 82h) : cha gi tr cc pin trong PORTC TRISC (a ch 94h) : iu khin xut nhp. LATC (a ch 8Bh) : iu khin d liu PORTC T1CON (a ch CDh) T3CON (a ch B1h) TXSTA (a ch ACh) RCSTA (a ch ABh) SSPCON1 (a ch C6h) CCP1CON (a ch BDh) CCP2CON (a ch BAh) ECCP1AS (a ch B6h) SLRCON (a ch 78h) l TRISE. SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 37 PORTE PORTE (RPE) gm 1 chn I/O. Thanh ghi iu khin xut nhp tng ng
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS Cc thanh ghi lin quan n PORTE bao gm:
+ PORTE (a ch 84h) : cha gi tr cc chn trong PORTE. + TRISE (a ch 96h) : iu khin xut nhp v xc lp cc thng s cho chun giao tip PSP. + LATE (a ch 8Dh) : thanh ghi iu khin d liu PORTE. + SLRCON (a ch 78h) + ANSEL (a ch 7Eh) 3.3 B CHUYN I TNG T - S (ADC) ADECLARE (Analog to Digital Converter) l b chuyn i tn hiu gia hai dng tng t v s. Kt qu chuyn i t tn tiu tng t sang tn hiu s l 10 bit s tng ng v c lu trong hai thanh ghi ADRESH v ADRESL. Khi khng s dng b chuyn i ADECLARE, cc thanh ghi ny c th c s dng nh cc thanh ghi thng thng khc. Khi qu trnh chuyn i hon tt, kt qu s c ngt ADIF c set. c lu vo hai thanh ghi ADRESH:ADRESL, bit GO/DONE (ADECLAREON0<2>) c xa v 0 v
Hnh 3.6 S khi ca AD SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 38
Hnh 3.7 Chu k xung clock v tn s lm vic ca ADC 3.3.1 KT QU CHUYN I AD. C 2 cch lu kt qu ca chuyn i 10bit A/D , bn tri hoc bn phi. Vic la chn cc cch lu c iu khin bi bit ADFM v c minh ha c th trong hnh sau:
Hnh 3.8 Cc cch lu kt qu chuyn i 10bit A/D 3.3.2 CC BC CHUYN I T TNG T - S. Thit lp cu hnh cho port: Ngt kt ni cc u ra ca b iu khin Thit lp cu hnh cc chn dng analog Thit lp cc thng s cho b chuyn i ADC Chn xung clock cho b chuyn i ADC Chn in p mu Chn u vo cho b ADC Chn dng kt qu Chn ch kt ni tr Cho php b chuyn i ADC hot ng Page 39
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS Thit lp cc c ngt cho b ADC Clear c ngt ADC M ch ngt ca b ADC M ngt ngoi M ngt ton b
i cho ti khi qu trnh ly mu hon tt Bt u qu trnh chuyn i bng cch set bit GO/DONE i cho ti khi qu trnh chuyn i hon tt bng cch: Kim tra bit GO/DONE Kim tra c ngt ADC c kt qu chuyn i ADC Xa c ngt ADC (tip tc thc hin nu cn tip tc chuyn i) 3.3.3 CC THANH GHI ADC ADCON0: Thanh ghi iu khin A/D 0 ADCON1: Thanh ghi iu khin A/D 1 ADCON2: Thanh ghi iu khin A/D 2 ADRESH: Thanh ghi kt qu mc cao ADC (DRESH) ADFM = 0 ADRESL: Thanh ghi kt qu mc thp ADC (ADRESL) ADFM = 0 ADRESH: Thanh ghi kt qu mc cao ADC (DRESH) ADFM = 1 ADRESL: Thanh ghi kt qu mc thp ADC (ADRESL) ADFM = 1
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Hnh 3.9 Cc thanh ghi lin quan n b iu khin A/D 3.4 B SO SNH COMPARATOR B so snh bao gm hai b so snh tn hiu analog v 1 b digital C ch hot ng ca b Comparator nh sau: Tn hiu analog chn V
Hnh 3.10 Nguyn l hot ng ca mt b so snh n gin
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Hnh 3.11 S khi n gin ca b Comparator C1
Hnh 3.12 S khi n gin ca b Comparator C2 3.5 TRUYN THNG NI TIP EUART EUSART (Enhanced Universal Synchronous Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter) l mt b truyn thng ni tip. N c tt c cc b pht xung clock, ng k thay i v b m d liu cn thit thc hin mt u vo hay u ra d liu ni tip chuyn giao c lp ca thit b thc hin chng trnh. EUSART cn c gi l giao din giao tip ni tip ni tip SCI (Serial Communication Interface). SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 42
B EUSART l mt trong hai hnh thc giao tip ni tip vo ra.EUSART c th c cu hnh nh l mt h thng bt ng b hot ng song cng m c th giao tip vi cc thit b bn ngoi nh l cc thit b u cui CRT v cc my tnh c nhn n cng c th c cu hnh nh l mt h thng ng b hot ng bn cng m c th giao tip vi cc mch tch hp A/D hay D/A, cc EEPROM ni tip.EUSART c th c cu hnh hot ng mt trong cc ch sau: Bt ng b ( song cng: Asynchronous ). ng b ch ( bn cng: Master mode ) ng b t ( bn cng: Slave mode ) 3.5.1 B EUSART HOT NG TRONG CH BT NG B. ch truyn ny EUSART hot ng theo chun NRZ (NoneReturn-to-Zero), ngha l cc bit truyn i s bao gm 1 bit Start, 8 hay 9 bit d liu (thng thng l 8 bit) v 1 bit Stop. Bit LSB s c truyn i trc. Cc khi truyn v nhn data c lp vi nhau s dng chung tn s tng ng vi tc baud cho qu trnh dch d liu (tc baud gp 16 hay 64 ln tc dch d liu ty theo gi tr ca bit BRGH), v m bo tnh hiu qu ca d liu th hai khi truyn v nhn phi dng chung mt nh dng d liu. B EUSART bt ng b bao gm cc thnh phn quan trng sau: B pht tc baud ( BRG ) Mch ly mu B pht bt ng b. B thu bt ng b. 3.5.1.1 B pht bt ng b EUSART. S khi b pht EUSART bt ng b c ch ra hnh v 3.11. Phn chnh ca n l thanh ghi dch ni tip pht (TSR). N nhn d liu t thanh ghi m pht TXREG. Thanh ghi TXREG c np d liu bi phn mm.Thanh ghi TXR s khng c np d liu cho n khi stop bit c pht i trong ln np trc . ngay khi stop bit c pht.TSR c np gi tr mi t thanh ghi TXREG. Mi khi TXREG pht d liu n TSR.TXREG rng v c TXIF SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 43
c bt.Ngt ny c th c cho php hoc khng cho php bng cch t hoc xa bit TXIE ( PIE<4>). C TXIF s c t bt chp trng thi ca bit TXIE v khng th c xa bi phn mm. N ch c th c xa khi d liu mi c np vo thanh ghi TXREG. Trong khi bit TXIF ch ra trng thi ca thanh ghi TXREG th bit TRMT li ch ra trng thi ca thanh ghi TSR.Bit ny ch c th c, c t khi thanh ghi TSR rng. Vic pht d liu c php bng cch cho php bit TXEN. Vic pht d liu thc s khng xy ra cho n khi thanh ghi TXREG c np d liu v b BRG to ra mt clock dch.Vic pht d liu cng c th c bt u bng np thanh ghi TXREG v cho php bit TXEN. c th pht 9 bit d liu , bit TX9 c t v 9 bit d liu c ghi n bit TX9D.Bit th 9 phi c ghi trc khi ghi 8 bit d liu n TXREG. thit lp ch pht bt ng b , cc bc sau c thc hin : 1) Thit lp tc Baud cho thanh ghi SPBRGH:SPBRG , nu tc baud c yu cu cao , t bit BRGH. 2) Set chn iu khin RX/DT v TX/CK bng 1. 3) Cho php port ni tip bt ng b bng cch xa bit SYNC v bit SPEN. 4) Nu cn pht 9 bit d liu , t bit TX9. 5) Set bit iu khin CKTXP nu d liu pht b o ngc. 6) Cho php pht d liu bng cch t bit iu khin TXEN, c th ngt bit TXIF 7) Nu ngt c yu cu , cho php bit TXIE. Trng hp c s dng ngt , phi bo m rng bit GIE v bit PEIE trong thanh ghi INTCON c t. 8) Nu cn pht 9 bit d liu , bit th 9 s ph thuc vo bit d liu TX9D 9) Nhn 8 bit d liu t thanh ghi TXREG. C th bt u truyn d liu.
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Hnh 3.13 S khi b truyn d liu EUSART bt ng b
Hnh 3.14 Cc thanh ghi lin quan n qu trnh truyn bt ng b 3.5.1.2 B thu bt ng b EUSART S khi ca b thu c ch ra hnh v 3.13. D liu nhn trn chn RC7/RX/DT v dn vo khi khi phc d liu. Khi khi phc d liu tht ra l dch d liu tc cao, hot ng nhanh gp 16 ln tc Baud. Mt khi ch bt ng b c chn th vic tip nhn c php bng cch t Bit CREN (RCSTA<4>). Trung tm ca b nhn l thanh ghi dch nhn RSR. Sau khi ly mu Bit Stop d liu nhn trong RSR c truyn n thanh ghi RCREG. Nu vic truyn hon tt th Bit C RCIF ln 1. Ngt tht s cho php hoc khng cho SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 45
php bng cch t hoc xa Bit RCIE. C RCIF ch l 1 Bit ch c v c x bi phn cng. N c xa khi thanh ghi RCREG c c v hon ton khng c d liu. RCREG l 1 thanh ghi b m i (Bi v n cho 2 Byte d liu c th truyn v nhn ng thi n RCREG FIFO v Byte th 3 bt u c dch chuyn n thanh ghi RSR). Khi pht hin ra Bit Stop ca Byte th 3 ny, Nu thanh ghi RCREG vn cn y th Bit bo li trnOERR(RCSTA<1>), s ln 1. Nhng d liu trong RSR s mt i. V thanh ghi RCREG c th c c 2 ln ly li 2 Byte trong FIFO. Bit bo trn OERR phi c xa trong phn mm. thit lp ch thu bt ng b, cc bc sau c yu cu : 1. Khi to thanh ghi SPBRGH:SPBRG, BRGH v BRG16 bit cho vic chn sai s tc Baud. 2. Set chn iu khin RX/DT v TX/CK bng 1. 3. Cho php nhn qua Port ni tip bt ng b bng cch xa Bit SYNC v cho Bit SPEN ln 1. 4. Nu ngt xy ra th set Bit RCIE v Nu s dng ngt th set bit GIE v PEIE ca thanh ghi INTCON. 5. Nu nhn 9-Bit d liu th set Bit RX9 . 6. Set bit CKTXP nu d liu nhn b o ngc. 7. Cho php nhn d liu bng cch set Bit CREN. 8. Sau khi d liu c nhn , Bit C ngt RCIF s c set v c ngt c kch hot (nu bit RCIE c set). 9. c ni dung thanh ghi RCSTA nhn bit d liu th 9 v xc nh cc li xy trong qu trnh thu d liu. 10. Nhn 8 bit d liu thu c bng cch c ni dung thanh ghi RCREG. 11. Nu xut hin li trong qu trnh nhn th xa li bng cch xa BitCREN
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Hnh 3.15 S khi b nhn d liu EUSART bt ng b
Hnh 3.16 Cc thanh ghi lin quan n qu trnh nhn d liu bt ng b 3.5.1.3 chnh xc ca xung clock vi hot ng khng ng b
Hnh 3.17 Cu to thanh ghi TXSTA
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Hnh 3.18 Cu to thanh ghi RCSTA
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3.5.2 B EUSART HOT NG TRONG CH NG B. Giao din EUSART ng b c kch hot bng cch set bit SYNC. Cng giao tip ni tip vn l hai chn RC7/RX/DT, RC6/TX/CK v c cho php bng cch set bit SPEN. EUART cho php hai ch truyn nhn d liu l Master mode v Slave mode. Master mode c kch hot bng cch set bit CSRC (TXSTA<7>), Slave mode c kch hot bng cch Clear bit CSRC. im khc bit duy nht gia hai ch ny lMaster mode s ly xung clock ng b t b to xung baud BRG cn Slave mode ly xung clock ng b t bn ngoi qua chn RC6/TX/CK. iu ny cho php Slave mode hot ng ngay c khi vi iu khin ang ch sleep. 3.6 HOT NG NH THI TIMER 3.6.1 B NH THI TIMER0 B nh thi/b m Timer0 c cc c tnh sau : - B nh thi / b m 8 bit hoc 16 bit - Cho php c v ghi - B chia 8 bit lp trnh c bng phn mm - Chn xung clock ni hoc ngoi - Ngt khi c s trn t FFh n 00h - Chn cnh cho xung clock ngoi Bn di l s khi ca b nh thi Timer0 v b chia dng chung vi WDT . Ch nh thi (Timer) c chn bng cch xa bit T0CS SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 50
( OPTION_REG<5> ) Trong ch nh thi , b nh thi Timer0 s tng dn sau mi chu k lnh ( khng c b chia ) . Nu thanh ghi TMR0 c ghi th s tng s b ngn li sau hai chu k lnh . Ch m (Counter) c chn bng cch set bit T0SC ( OPTION_REG<5> ). Trong ch m , Timer0 s tng dn mi cnh ln hoc cnh xung ca chn RA4/T0CKI . S tng cnh c xc nh bi bit Timer0 Source Edge Select , T0SE (OPTION_REG<4> ) . B chia ch c dng chung qua li gia b nh thi Timer0 v b nh thi Watchdog . B chia khng cho php c hoc ghi .
Hnh 3.19 T0CON: Thanh ghi iu khin Timer0
Hnh 3.20 S khi Timer0 (8-BIT MODE)
Hnh 3.21 S khi Timer0 (16-BIT MODE) Ngt Timer0 Ngt TMR0 c pht ra khi thanh ghi TMR0 trn t FFh n 00h i vi 8 bit hoc t FFFFh ti 0000h i vi 16 bit. S trn ny s set bit T0IF(INTCON<2>). Ngt ny c th c giu i bng cch xa i bit T0IE SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 51
(INTCON<5>) . Bit T0IF cn phi c xa trong chng trnh bi th tc phc v ngt ca b nh thi Timer0 trc khi ngt ny c cho php li .
Hnh 3.22 Cc thanh ghi lin quan n b nh thi Timer0 3.6.2 B NH THI TIMER1 B nh thi Timer1 l mt b nh thi/b m 16 bit gm hai thanh ghi TMR1H ( byte cao ) v TMR1L ( byte thp ) m c th c hoc ghi . Cp thanh ghi ny tng s m t 0000h n FFFFh v mt trn s xut hin khi c s chuyn s m t FFFFh xung 0000h . Ngt, nu c php c th pht ra khi c s m trn v c t bit c ngt TMR1IF. Ngt c th c php hoc cm bng cch t hoc xa bit cho php ngt TMR1IE. B nh thi Timer1 c th c cu hnh hot ng mt trong hai ch sau: - nh thi mt khong thi gian ( Timer ) - m s kin ( Counter ) Vic la chn mt trong hai ch c xc nh bng cch t hoc xa bit chn clock TMR1CS. Trong ch nh mt khong thi gian, b nh thi tng s m ln sau mi chu k lnh. Trong ch m s kin, b nh thi tng sau mi cnh ln ca clock ngoi t vo.B nh thi 1 c th c php hoc cm bng cch t hoc xa bit iu khin TMR1ON.
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Hnh 3.24 S khi Timer1
Hnh 3.25 S khi Timer1 (16-BIT READ/WRITE MODE)
Hnh 3.26 Cc thanh ghi lin quan n b nh thi Timer1 3.6.3 B NH THI TIMER2 B nh thi Timer2 l b nh thi 8 bit vi mt b chia v mt b Postscaler. N thng c dng chung vi b CCP trong ch PWM ( s SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 53
c cp phn sau ). Thanh ghi TMR2 c th c hoc ghi v c xa khi c bt k tn hiu reset no ca thit b. B nh thi Timer2 c mt thanh ghi chu k 8 bit. B nh thi tng s m ln t 00h n gi tr c ghi trong thanh ghi TR2 v sau reset li gi tr 00h trong chu k k tip. PR2 l thanh ghi c th c hoc ghi.Gi tr trng hp trong thanh ghi TMR2 c i qua b postscaler 4 bit pht ra mt ngt TMR2(c t bit c ngt TMR2IF). B nh thi 2 c th c tt ( khng hot ng ) bng cch xa bit iu khin TMR2ON gim thiu cng sut tiu tn ngun.
Hnh 3.28 S khi ca b nh thi Timer2
Hnh 3.29 Cc thanh ghi lin quan n b nh thi Timer2 3.6.4 B NH THI TIMER3 B nh thi Timer3 l mt b nh thi/b m 16 bit gm hai thanh ghi TMR3H ( byte cao ) v TMR3L ( byte thp ) 8 bit m c th c hoc ghi SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 54
Hnh 3.30 T3CON: Thanh ghi iu khin Timer
Hnh 3.31 S khi b nh thi Timer3
Hnh 3.32 S khi b Timer3 (16-BIT READ/WRITE MODE)
Hnh 3.33 Cc thanh ghi lin quan n b nh thi Timer3 3.7 NGT (INTERRUPT)
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PIC18F26K20 c nhiu ngun to ra hot ng ngt v c iu khin bi rt nhiu thanh ghi: RCON; INTCON; INTCON2; INTCON3; PIR1, PIR2; PIE1, PIE2; IPR1, IPR2. Bn cnh mi ngt cn c mt bit iu khin v c ngt ring. Cc c ngt vn c set bnh thng khi tha mn iu kin ngt xy ra bt chp trng thi ca bit GIE, tuy nhin hot ng ngt vn ph thuc vo bit GIE v cc bit iu khin khc. Bit iu khin ngt RB0/INT0 v TMR0 nm trong thanh ghi INTCON, thanh ghi ny cn cha bit cho php cc ngt ngoi vi PEIE. Bit iu khin cc ngt nm trong thanh ghi PIE1 v PIE2. Cc c ngt ngoi vi c cha trong hai thanh ghi chc nng c bit : thanh ghi PIR1 v PIR2.Cc bit cho php ngt tng ng c cha trong hai thanh ghi PIE 1 v PIE 2. Trong mt thi im ch c mt chng trnh ngt c thc thi, chng trnh ngt c kt thc bng lnh RETFIE. Khi chng trnh ngt c thc thi, bit GIE t ng c xa, a ch lnh tip theo ca chng trnh chnh c ct vo trong b nh Stack v b m chng trnh s ch n a ch 0008h. Lnh RETFIE c dng thot khi chng trnh ngt v quay tr v chng trnh chnh, ng thi bit GIE cng s c set cho php cc ngt hot ng tr li. Cc c hiu c dng kim tra ngt no ang xy ra v phi c xa bng chng trnh trc khi cho php ngt tip tc hot ng tr li ta c th pht hin c thi im tip theo m ngt xy ra. Khi mt ngt c p ng, bit GIE c xa v cm tt c cc ngt khc.C ngt phi c xa bi phn mm trc khi cho php li ngt.Thng thng, trc khi thc hin cc chng trnh phc v ngt, ni dung cc thanh ghi w v status nn c lu li bo m an ton v c phc hi trc khi tr li chng trnh chnh. i vi cc ngt ngoi vi nh ngt t chn INT hay ngt t s thay i trng thi cc Pin ca PortB (PORTB interrupt-on-change), vic xc nh ngt no xy ra cn 3 hoc 4 chu k lnh ty thuc vo thi im xy ra ngt. Trong qu trnh thc thi ngt, ch c gi tr ca b m chng trnh c ct vo trong Stack, trong khi mt s thanh ghi quan trng s khng c SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 56
ct v c th b thay i gi tr trong qu trnh thc thi chng trnh ngt. iu ny nn c x l bng chng trnh trnh hin tng trn xy ra.
Hnh 3.34 S logic ca tt c cc ngt trong vi iu khin PIC18F26K20
CHNG 4 THIT K V THI CNG

4.1 PHNG N THIT K Gm 2 phung n thit k nh sau: Phng n 1 : Dng b GSM MODULE SIM300CZ kt ni vi vi iu khin PIC18F26K20 : chi ph v gi thnh kh t. Thch hp cho lp trnh lnh AT d dng v y tn nng cho lp trnh vi lnh AT. Ngoi ra cn c th pht trin ng dng su thm vi GPRS, GPS. Phng n 2: Dng in thoi di ng (Ericssion T28, T39 ) c chc nng ging vi GSM MODULE SIM300CZ kt ni vi PIC18F26K20. Vic SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 57
lp trnh cho in thoi di ng cng gn tng t nh GSM MODULE nhng c hn ch hn v mt s loi in thoi ch h tr lnh AT dng Mode PDU nn lp trnh rt phc tp. Ngoi ra phn kt ni gia in thoi di ng vi khi vi iu khin cng rt phc tp. Phng n la chn : chn phng n 1 v MODULE SIM300CZ h tr lp trnh lnh AT c 2 ch Mode Text v Mode PDU nn vic lp trnh n gin hn nhiu so vi in thoi di ng. Mc d gi thnh kh t nhng v n h tr ch Mode Text nn vic lp trnh n gin hn nhiu so vi dng in thoi di ng v vy nhm em quyt nh dng Module Sim300CZ. Ngoi ra cn c th pht trin cc ng dng khc s dng GPRS, GPS. 4.2. S KHI TNG QUT CA TON H THNG
MODULE SIM300CZ
VI IU KHIN PIC18F26K20
KHI CM BIN
Khi Giao Tip SMS
KHI CNG SUT
KHI NGUN
Page 58
MOBILE Hnh 4.1 S khi h thng iu khin thit b bng SMS CHC NNG TNG KHI: Khi giao tip SMS C chc nng gi nhn tin nhn SMS cho vic iu khin cc thit b. Khi ny cn 1 thit b in thoi di ng v 1 Module Sim300CZ: Thit b in thoi di ng : dnh cho ngi s dng (iu khin). Ngi s dng cn phi ng k dch v vin thng i vi cc nh cung cp dch v trong nc. GSM Module Sim300CZ : Module ny phi c gn Sim ca nh cung cp dch v v cng cn phi c chc nng nh mt in thoi di ng kt ni vi vi iu khin PIC18F26K20. Ci ny c t c nh v thng xuyn kt ni vi Pic18f26k20. Khi ngi s dng nhn mt tin SMS c ni dung l mt lnh yu cu iu khin thit b. V d : DV:ADA:ON, DV:ADA:OFF, PT:ADA:ON, .. th Module Sim300CZ s nhn tin nhn v c x l bi cu lnh iu khin c lp trnh v c np vo vi iu khin Pic18f26k20. Khi x l phn cng Khi x l phn cng l khi trung tm trong vic x l v iu khin phn cng. Khi do mt vi iu khin PIC18F26K20 m nhn v c nhim v gi nhn d liu vi Module Sim300CZ mt cch lin tc. Khi Module Sim300CZ gi thng tin iu khin th Khi x l phn cng s c lp trnh thc thi. Vi iu khin c nhim v giao tip vi Khi cng sut v khi cm bin hng ngoi. Khi cm bin hng ngoi L mt Led pht v mt Led thu hng ngoi. Led pht l mt Led hng ngoi . Khi m lnh c gi tr bit =1 th Led pht hng ngoi trong khong SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 59
thi gian T ca bit . Khi m lnh c gi tr bit=0 th Led khng sng . Do bn thu khng nhn c tn hiu xem nh bit = 0. Led thu : Tia hng ngoi t phn pht c tip nhn bi Led thu hng ngoi. Khi cng sut Khi ny bao gm 2 BJT C1815 c nhim v khuch i in p kch cho relay. Khi cng sut vi dng thp, p ng ti tiu t cng sut thp v dn dng nh bng n. 4.3 THIT K PHN CNG Trong qu trnh thi cng phn cng, nhm em s s phn mm kh thng dng trong lnh vc thit k board mch in t. l phn mm Orcad. Phn mm ny l phn mm thit k rt mnh phc v vic thit k. N p ng tt cc k thut cn thit lm mt board mch in t hon chnh. 4.3.1 S NGUYN L PHN CNG & TNH TON. 4.3.1.1 Ngun cung cp cho ton h thng.
V
U D 8 1 I N 6
C 1 2
_
1
2
U 4
V I C 7
O 2 N U D 3
V 8
T
C 5
_
R 6
V
1 2
I C
G 2 O N U
7
D
8
T
I N
5 2 1 4 2 + 2 C 4 1 0 0 3 0 C 5 u1 F0 0
0 u
C 6 F 4 7 u
C 7 2 2 u
C 8 2 2 0
u F
C 9 1 0 u
D 9 L E D
Hnh 4.2 S nguyn l ngun cung cp cho ton mch Dng IC LM78xx m bo in p ra cung cp cho mch lun n inh. + LM7805: n nh in p lm vic cho Chip AT89C51. + LM7812: n nh in p 12V cho Rle Dng cc t ha c gi tr khc nhau lc in p ra, thng chn cc t ln: 1000uF, 220uF,47uF Dng cc in tr c gi tr khc nhau n nh in p, thng chon cc in tr: 680... Dng n led hin tr trng thi ca ngun. 4.3.1.2 Ngun cung cp cho khi Module SIM300CZ + Pic18F26K20.
Page 60
4 V J 1 1 2 V U 3 2 1 N J A C K 2 1 P CW _ R 1 2 V V E M 1 5 i n G N D V 4 o u t d j 5 R 2 _54. V k 6 C 2 _ 4 V
n a b l e A I C
4 7 0 u / 1 6 V
2 9 3 0 2 B R
_ 1
1 _ 4 V 2 . 2 k
1 0 u F
U 1
1 4 I N O U 3 T
5 V 3 C _ 5 V / T O 4 7 0 u F
3 . 3 V U V 7 i n G N D V 2 o u t C 1 1 1 7 - 3 v R _ 3 . 3 V 2 . 2 k D _ 3 . 3 V
Hnh 4.3 S nguyn l ngun cung cp cho Sim300CZ + Pic18F26K20 Ngun cung cp cho Khi Module Sim300CZ + Pic18F26K20 s dng: + IC MIC29302BU_1 n nh in p 4V cung cp cho Module Sim300CZ. + IC KA7805C/TO n nh in p 5V cung cp cho khi khi thu pht hng ngoi. + IC AMS1117-3v3-SOT223 n nh in p 3.3V cung cp cho Pic1826k20 + Dng cc t ha c gi tr khc nhau lc in p ra, thng chn cc t : 470uF, 10uF + Dng cc in tr c gi tr khc nhau n nh in p, thng chon cc in tr: 5.6k, 2.2k... + Dng n led hin tr trng thi ca ngun. 4.3.1.3 Module Sim300CZ.
7 8 0 5 C
_ 3 . 3 V
3 - S O 1 0 u
T 2 2 3
Page 61

U 4 V D _ 4 V R 2 _ 4 V 1 3 5 7 9 V V V V V V T V P S G B TS S SL S S G D D R T R C R A S S S S c B B B B B C 1 3
. 2 K 1 1 1 1 S T A T U 1 2 2 V S I M 2 0 S I M _ R 2 2 S I M _3 3 3 3 _ s i m c 0a r d 3 R X 4 T X 4 4 4 R I 4 5 5 5 5 5
R 3
P 3 0
0
U V S S S I M I M _ R I M _ C 1 2S TV 3L K S S c o 1 6 4 C C G N 5D I M _ VR S S I TM 6 I M _ C I /LO K n n e c t o r
1 3 5 7 S9 1 3 5 S7 9 C1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9 1 3 5 7 9
2 A T G N 4D A T G N 6D A T G N 8D A T G N 1D 0 A T G N 1D 2 0 H G A D C 1 04 E M P V_ R AT 1 C 6 B T D D _ N E E X TT 1_ 8 L W _ K K E B Y C 2 00 T A T U K SB C 2 12 P I O 0K B C 2 24 U Z Z K E B R C 2 36 I M _ V K D B D C 2 48 I M _ R K S B T R 3 00 I K M _ D K A B T R 3A 12 I M _ C K L B K R 3 24 I M _ P K R B E R 3 36 P I O 1K B R 3 48 C D D I S P 4_ 0C S T R D I S P _ 4 C2 L K X D I S P _ 4D 4 A T A X D D I S P _ 4 D6 / C T S D I S P _ 4 R8 S T T S D B G _ 5R 0 X D I D B G _ 5T2X D G N D A G N 5 D4 P K _ M1 PI C 51 6P P K _ M1 N C 5 N I 1 8 P K _ M2 PI C 62 0P P K _ M2 N C 2 N I o n n e c t o r _ s i m 3
D R _ 2 1 0 Cu f_ V R N L . 2 k T C L E
_ N
VD D _EXT
0 c
Hnh 4.4 S nguyn l kt ni Module Sim300CZ 4.3.1.4 Vi iu khin PIC18F26K20.

R R 1 J M 3 . 3 P P T C V G G L 1R 2 3 D 4 C 5 6 C O N 6 _ 0 3 M K T C 3 L R . 3 V D E B U G L e d _ D B _ D B
Page 62

I N I I I I I A A N N N N N N N 1 2 3 4 5 I N I N 1 2 3 4 5 1 6 2 7 8 O O O O O A A U U U U U N N T T T T T O O 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 O U

T 1 5 3 2 V V . 3 V 1 2 3 4 J 7 T X R X 1 2 3 C 4 O N 3 J 2
0
C O N
0
U M A A A A C 1 Y C 2 _ 1 _ 1 X T 1 . 0 5 X T D O O 9O T C L R1 N I 1 2 N I 2 3 N O 1 4 N O 2 5 6 7 8 9 1 E B U 1G U T 1 1 U T 2 1 2 U T 3 1 M R R R R R R V O O R R R R P 1 C A A A A A A S S S C C C C I C 2 L 0 1 2 3 4 5 S C C 0 1 2 3 1 / / / / R A A RA A
0
A P G D 2 8 P R P B / R 7 /E 2P 3 7 G D P G C 0 B 6 / / K B2 6I 2 / P I G N C 5 1 B 5 / K B 2 I 5 1 / P GI N M 4 42 / K B I 0 2 / A N 1 I 1 N / P3 1 D 4 3 R B 3 / 2A 3 N 9 I N 2 B 2 / I N 2 T 2 2 / A NI N 8 1 4 B 1 / I N 2 11 / A N R 1 I 0 T R B 0 / 2I N 0 T 0 3 . 3 V / C L K I V N D 1D 9 / C L K O V US 1S 8 T T X R C 7 / R 1 7X / D TR X R C 6 / T 1 X 6 / C OK U T 0 5 R C 5 / 1S 5 D O O U T 4 R C 4 / S D I / S D A / V NR NR N B N R NR F 2 6 K 2 0 N I N R 1 _ C _ A A N A 1N N 1 I 1
I N0 R 2 _ C _
A A
N A 2N N 2
I 2
0 1 2 3 4
/ A 1 1 2
OU T1
OU T2
OU T3
OU T5
_ RI N _ 1 R N _ 2 R N _ 3 R N _ 4 I N I I I
5R
_ RO
_1 RO
_2 R O
_3 RO
_4 R O
AN O2 _5 R A
OU T4
AN O1
IN 1
IN 2
IN 3
IN 4
IN 5
O_
A1 O
Hnh 4.5 S nguyn l kt ni Pic18F26K20 4.3.1.5 Khi cng sut.

J 1 1 2 3 4 C O N 4 D 2 2 1 T h ie t B i D ie n J 3 D I O D E R 1 2 . 2 K
0
D 3 L E D D D 1 I O D E 3 1 2 Q C R 3 4 . 7 K 1 1 8 1 5
L S 1 5 4
J 2 1 2 C O N 2
4 7 0
Q C
2 1 8 1 5
L A
T J 4 1 2 2 2 0 A C
Hnh 4.6 S nguyn l khi cng sut Khi Cng sut gm: Rle 12V, 2 BJT C1815 v 2 Diod khuch i dng qua Rle v trnh in p ngc. Chn Rle 12V: + in p tc ng: 12V + in tr cun dy Rle R = 360 SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 63
+ Dng in qua cun dy IR khong 400A + in p ng m 220V Tnh ton chn BJT v cc in tr phn cc: Chn Q1 l BJT C1815, BJT lm vic ch bo ha Dng in qua cun dy ca Rle IL = =
Vcc Vce Rr
12 0.2 = 32mA 360
Dng in qua Rle cng l dng qua cc C ca BJT. Suy ra Ic = 32mA Transitor dn bo ha th Ib > Chn Ib = 10 0.4 = 4mA Chn Diode D1,D2: Tc dng ca D1,D2: D1,D2 l 2 diode dng trnh dng Fuco trong cun dy sinh ra trong qu trnh hot ng lm hng cc linh kin khc nh: BJT,IC... Vic chn D1,D2 khng kh khn v D1,D2 ch l loi Diode chu c dng tng i nh. Trong mch ny ta chn Diode l loi 1N4147. 4.3.1.6 Khi thu pht hng ngoi.
J 4 2 1 C O N 2 C O J 3 2 1 N 2
Ic 32 = = 0.4mA min 70
R J 2 4 3 2 1 C O N 4 C O J 1 4 3 2 1 N 4 R 2 D 2 L E D 1 D P h a t
3 4 7 0 R
R 4 1 K
1 K
L E
D D
T h u 3 1 3 I S O 2 O P T O
4 7 0 R
I S
L E
0 0 0 0
Hnh 4.7 S nguyn l khi thu pht hng ngoi SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 64
O L R 6 A 1 0 K
T O
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS Mch pht hng ngoi
in tr R3 c gi tr 470 Ohm c tc dng hn dng cp cho Led pht hng ngoi. Led pht IR 2 chn l Led pht hng ngoi, khi c tn hiu chy qua th pht ra tn hiu hng ngoi mt cch lin tc ra ngoi khng gian theo hng nht nh. mch bo ng ta chnh sao cho tn hiu hng ngoi pht ra t Led pht i thng trc tip n Led thu tn hiu mch thu hng ngoi. Mch thu hng ngoi Led thu IR 2 chn l Led thu hng ngoi, Led s cho dng in i qua nu n nhn c tn hiu hng ngoi t Led pht, v vy ta phi chnh sao cho Led thu hng v tn hiu t Led pht. in tr R2 gi tr 1K c tc dng hn dng cp cho Led pht hng ngoi. Opto Isolato Opto hay cn gi l cch ly quang l linh kin tch hp c cu to gm 1 led v 1 photo diot hay 1 photo transitor. c s dng cc ly gia cc khi chnh lch nhau v in hay cng sut nh khi c cng sut nh vi khi in p ln. S mch nguyn l cho opto:
Opto Isolato c tc dng khi c dng nh di qua 2 u ca led c trong opto lm cho led pht sng. Khi led pht sng lm thng 2 cc ca photo diot, m cho dng in chy qua. 4.3.2 S MCH IN 4.3.2.1 Khi Module Sim300CZ + Pic18F26K20. SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 65
Hnh 4.8 S mch in lp TOP khi Module Sim300CZ + Pic18F26K20
Hnh 4.9 S mch in lp BOTTOM Module Sim300CZ + Pic18F26K20 SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 66
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS 4.3.2.2 Khi cng sut.
Hnh 4.10 S nguyn l khi cng sut 4.3.2.3 Khi thu pht hng ngoi.
Hnh 4.11 S mch in khi cm bin hng ngoi
Hnh 4.12 Mch phn cng thi cng phn cng SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 67
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS 4.4 THIT K PHN MM 4.4.1 LU THUT TON
4.4.1.1 Lu gii thut tng qut chng chnh chnh. Bt u Khai Bo Bin Khi To Ga Tr Bin Khi To Thanh Ghi Khi To Ngt Timer Ngt Timer0
Ngt Tin Nhn
Ngt EUART
Khi To Cu Hnh GSM
Chng trnh Chnh (Main)
Thc Hin Lnh iu Khin Kt Thc SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 68
iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS Gii thch:
i vi Ngt Timer: Thi gian ci t cho vic thc thi ny l mi mt giy s quay li thc hin 1 ln. Thc hin nhn d liu cho vic kt ni vi module sim300CZ, kim tra c tin nhn yu cu n hay cha th cn truyn lnh c tin nhn cho Module Sim300C. Nu mt tin nhn c gi n th chng trnh s kim tra ng lnh ci t v mt khu hay khng. Nu s lnh ci t v mt khu khng ng th chng trnh s khng thc hin. Ngc li chng trnh s gi yu cu n cho Pic tt m thit b. 4.4.1.2 Lu gii thut chng trnh con Ngt Timer0. Bt u
Khai Bo Bin iTimer0 Khi To Timer
iTimer0 =1 S Bt Bin ichuyendong=1
Reset Ga Tr TMRH, TMRL
Xa C Ngt
Kt Thc SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 69
4.4.1.3 Lu gii thut chng trnh con Ngt nhn d liu. Bt u
Khai Bo Bin Next_in/Buffer_Size Khi To Ngt Timer
Reset Bin
Nhn D Liu T PIC B m (BUFFER) S c V Lu D Liu So snh & Kim Tra Lnh Thc Hin Lnh iu Khin y
Kt Thc
Page 70
4.4.1.4 Lu gii thut chng trnh con Cu hnh GSM.
Bt u
Gi Lnh AT Gi lnh AT + CMGF = 1 (Chuyn sang dng Text) Gi lnh AT&W (Lu cu hnh) Xa B m BUFFER S
Kt Thc
4.4.1.5 Lu gii thut chng trnh nhn d liu v thc hin lnh iu khin. Bt u
Khai Bo Bin Khi To Bin
Nhn D Liu T PIC B m (BUFFER) A SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 71
A c V Lu D Cc Lnh CONF:MK:ST (Ti a 5 ST) Kim Tra Lnh CONF v MK Lu ST Xa Tin Nhn (AT + CMGD) Thc Hin Cc Lnh Tip Theo S Kim Tra Lnh iu Khin v MK Thc Hin Lnh Xa Tin Nhn (AT + CMGD) C Chuyn ng Ngt Timer0S Gi Tin Nhn Bo ng S S
Kt Thc SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 72
4.4.1.6 Lu gii thut chng trnh con Bo ng. Bt u
Khai Bo Bin Nhn D Liu T PIC B m (BUFFER) c V Lu D Cc Lnh CONF:MK:ST (Ti a 5 ST) Kim Tra Lnh CONF v MK Lu ST Xa Tin Nhn (AT + CMGD) PT:MK:ON Kim Tra Lnh Bt H thng Cnh bo 1 SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti 2 Page 73 C Chuyn ng S S
2 Ngt Timer0 Gi Tin Nhn Bo ng S
Xa Tin Nhn (AT + CMGD) PT:MK:OFF Kim Tra Lnh Tt H Thng Cnh Bo Xa Tin Nhn (AT + CMGD)
Kt Thc 4.4.2 M NGUN CHNG TRNH IU KHIN
Page 74
CHNG 5 KT LUN
5.1 KT LUN Qua thi gian nghin cu, thi cng n c bn c hon thnh. Bng s n lc c gng ca bn thn mi c nhn v s phn chia, phi hp cng vic hp l, cht ch, nhp nhng gia mi thnh vin ca nhm, bn cnh cn l s hng dn nhit tnh, tn tm ca thy Trn Vn Pht, n ny c hon thnh ng thi gian nh nh v t c yu cu t ra theo yu cu l thit k v thi cng h thng iu khin thit b t xa qua tin nhn SMS. Trong qu trnh thc hin ti, chng em thu c nhng kt qu nht nh nh sau: thc t. Xy dng c m hnh ng dng iu khin cc thit b v h thng bo ng. Trong n ny, nhm em trnh by kh y v chc nng, cu trc ca tng khi module nh trn board mch in tch hp. Nh vy, gip ngi c c th nm bt, hiu c chc nng ca tng module mt cch d dng. Bn cnh , ni dung ca ti c trnh by kh chi tit r rng bng cch s dng nhng t ng thng dng, cc hnh nh i km gip ngi c d hiu v c th thc hin mt cch tng t, t hiu qu trong mt thi gian ngn. H thng iu khin thit b trong nh t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS c thc hin nh trong ti l mt h thng vi cc chc nng t c nh sau: b in t xa thng qua tin nhn SMS: + Sau khi gi tin nhn th vi ni dng tin nhn , b x l s thc thi qu trnh x l, sau l iu khin thit b mt cch t ng. H thng c th iu khin c thit Mch in vi cc module nh trn mch c thit k, thi cng hon chnh v c th nghim nhiu ln v thot ng n nh trong
Page 75
+ Tin nhn c gi i t ngi iu khin iu khin thit b in v ngi iu khin cng nhn c tin nhn tr ngc li vi ni dng tin nhn l iu khin c cc thit b hay cha v h thng cnh bo. + H thng c kh nng c bo v tt, ngha l ngi s dng phi bit lnh iu khin v mt khu (password) th mi ng nhp c vo h thng i vi s dng tin nhn SMS. c : + Khi thu pht hng ngoi c thit k, lp trnh kt hp vi trung tm x l c kh nng gi thng tin d liu ti trung tm x l. Ngoi ra cn c kh nng gi tin nhn ngc li cho ngi iu khin v t ng thi hnh cc thao tc c lp trnh sn khi c bo ng xy ra. thc hin c cc chc nng nu trn, nhm em tm hiu, nghin cu cc vn c lin quan ti ti nh : h PIC18F26K20, Module Sim300CZ, cc ngn ng lp trnh tng ng nh CCS, b lnh AT Command dnh cho Module, v cc vn khc lin quan ti ti. Cui cng, theo nhn nh ch quan ca nhm em th n c hon thnh ng thi gian cho php v trnh by kh y cc mng kin thc lin quan, cc vn lin qua ti ti. Song do nhng iu kin khch quan, ti ny ch thc hin mt phn nh i vi vic iu khin cho mt ngi nh hon chnh. l iu khin thit b 1 thit b cng sut v cnh bo khi c ngi l vo nh. 5.2 HNG PHT TRIN TI Do thi gian thc hin ti c hn v lng kin thc c nhn mi thnh vin ca nhm l nht nh nn ti thc hin xong ch p ng c mt phn nh ca mt h thng hon chnh. V vy, ti ny thm phong ph hn, mang nhiu tnh thc t hn na, c kh nng ng dng cao hn th ti cn a thm vo nhng yu cu nh sau: H thng c chc nng cnh bo s
Page 76
Ngoi vic iu khin gim st bng tin nhn SMS, ta cng c th iu khin Camera chp hnh ri sau gi tin nhn a phng tin n in thoi. S dng thm nhiu loi cm bin khc, chng hn nh cm bin nhit o nhit , cm bin m khng kh o m khng kh, h thng bo chy t ng, ng dng vo ti. Nh th ngi dng c th hnh dung ra c ton b khng gian trong ngi nh. M rng iu khin c nhiu hn na cc thit b trong nh. Phn cng cho mi module cn c tch ri nhm d dng cho vic chnh sa, thay i. ti khng nhng ch p dng cho vi cc ta nh m nn c m rng p dng i vi iu khin cc thit b s dng ni cng cng. Hy vng vi nhng hng pht trin nu trn cng vi nhng tng khc ca cc bn, ca ngi c- nhng ngi i sau - s pht trin hn na ti ny, khc phc nhng hn ch, tn ti ca ti, lm cho ti tr nn phong ph hn, mang tnh ng dng cao hn vo trong thc t cuc sng, phc v cho nhng li ch ca con ngi trong tng lai. TI LIU THAM KHO [1]Hong Minh Sn Mng Truyn Thng Cng Nghip NXB Khoa Hc V K Thut 2006. [2] Nguyn Trng Kin v Phm Vn Nam n tt nghip - iu khin thit b t xa qua tin nhn SMS bng my tnh Trng HSP K Thut TP.HCM. [3] Mt S Trang Web Tham Kho:
www.picvietnam.com www.4tech.com.vn
www.dientuvietnam.com www.google.com.vn
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iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

CHNG 1 TNG QUAN V TI

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS 1.2 C S L LUN

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS Ni nh vy l do:

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS 2.2.3.1 Cu trc tng qut

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

2.2.3.2 Cc thnh phn ca cng ngh mng GSM

Hnh 2.2 Cc thnh phn mng GSM SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 14

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

H tr sim card: 1,8v ; 3v

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

Lp trnh thng qua AT Command

Hnh 2.3 Module Sim300CZ SVTH : Trn Vn Cu - V Vn Ti Page 18

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

2.3.3 KHO ST S CHN V CHC NNG TNG CHN

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS ATH<cr>

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS T SMS-COMMANDs:

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

iu khin t xa bng tin nhn SMS

GVHD: Ks. Phm Vn Pht

Ly thng tin c bn v in thoi di ng hay modem

Ly cc thng tin c bn v nhng ngi k tn di y. Th

d, MSISDN (AT+CNUM) v s IMS (International Mobile Subscriber Identity) (AT+CIMI).

Ly thng tin trng thi hin ti ca in thoi di ng hay