Civil3D 2012 - Thiet Ke Duong Tap 2

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th
CIVIL 3D 2012 THIT K K THUT H TNG TH

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THIT K NG TP 2
Bin son: Phm Ngc Su Khoa k thut th trng H Kin Trc Tp.HCM o Huy Nin - KD07, Trn Phi Cng - KD06
Tp. H Ch Minh 2012
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Mc lc
Phn 3: Thit k ng, gii ta n b. Tng quan cc bc thit k ng Thit k mt bng tuyn Thit k trm dng xe Bus, bi u xe dc tuyn Khai bo siu cao cho tuyn Thit k trc dc tuyn, th hin trc dc nh ngha trc ngang v p trc ngang Xut trc ngang, tnh ton khi lng Th hin trc ngang Thit k nt giao thng Tnh ton gii ta Phn 4: Thit k hnh hc cu Phn 5: Chia s d liu, lm vic nhm
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Phn 3: Thit k ng, gii ta.

Mc tiu phn 3, em n nhng khi nim v cch thc thc hin d n thit k ng cho cc khu quy hoch, dng tuynThit k nt giao thng. Ni dung trong phn 3 bao gm:
1. Tng quan cc bc thit k ng trong Civil 3D 2. Mt bng tuyn 3. Trc dc tuyn 4. Trc ngang v p trc ngang 5. Xut trc ngang, tnh ton khi lng 6. Thit k nt giao thng 7. Tnh ton gii ta
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Tng quan cc bc thit k ng trong Civil 3D

Mi lin h gia cc i tng trong cc qu trnh thit k ng c miu t theo s sau: B mt (Surface) Mt bng tuyn (Alignment) Trc dc a hnh (Create Profile from Surface)
nh ngha mt ct ngang (Create Assembly)
Mng li cao trnh (Create Corridor)
Trc dc thit k (Create Profile by Layout)
To b mt thit k (Create Surfcae design)
Xut mt ct ngang (Create Section View)
Xut cc cho tuyn (Create Sample Lines)
Tnh ton khi lng (Computer Material)
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Mt bng tuyn
i vi mt bng tuyn, c nhng thao tc c bn vi tuyn nh sau: t to hoc nh ngha tuyn, khai bo tiu chun, p tnh ton siu cao, hiu chnh cc yu t hnh hc. Sau khi to c mt bng tuyn, i vi Civil 3D cho php chnh sa bt k lc no v bt k thng s no, mi thay i v tuyn s c cp nht vo trc dc, mt ct ngang, khi lng.Tm li, tt c cc i tng lin quan n mt tuyn s thay i. Trnh t tm hiu mt bng tuyn bao gm cc ni dung sau:

nh ngha mt bng tuyn (theo dng lnh dng ch s b) Chnh sa cc yu t hnh hc, khai bo chnh sa tiu chun cho tuyn.
p tnh ton siu cao cho tuyn
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nh ngha mt bng tuyn. Thit k mt bng tuyn trong vi menu Alignment. Hnh 2.1 Gii thiu menu Alignment
Hai la chn cho to mt bng tuyn. Create Alignment by Layout: T to tuyn, s dng khi thit k mi bnh tuyn. Create Alignment from Polyline: To tuyn t tim tuyn c sn. Tim tuyn c sn thng c p dng cho cc khu quy hoch, khi bn v giao thng c, t tim ng ca bn v quy hoch ny, s nh ngha thnh mt bng tuyn.
T to mt bng tuyn thng qua thanh cng c

T to mt bng tuyn thng qua Create Alignment by Layout Chn vo menu Alignment / Create Alginment Layout
Hp thoi Create Alignment Layout xut hin, cho php khai bo tn ng, tiu chun thit k, kiu th hin mt bng.
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Trong hp thoi Create Alignment Layout, trc tin khai bo tn tuyn. Chn vo phn Name ca hp thoi khai bo li tn tuyn.
Tn mc nh ca chng trnh l Alignment - (<[Next Counter(CP)]>), dng tn ny c ngha l tn tuyn lun c tin t l Alignment s th t c tnh dn ln theo s tuyn c to ra. C hai cch thay i tn: Cch 1: Click p chut vo Alignment - (<[Next Counter(CP)]>) v bi en sa trc tip. Cch i tn ny ph hp vi mi tuyn ng c tn khc nhau, khng c tin t hay hu t ging nhau. Ngc li nn bin tp tn ngay t u, l cch 2. Cch 2: Khi chng ta lm nhiu tuyn c tn bt u bng tin t ging nhau v d trong khu quy hoch c hng lot ng c tn dng N1, N2, N3lc chn vo biu tng
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bin tp tn cho tuyn. Hp thoi bin tp tn Name Template xut hin.
Trong phn Name tn mc nh ca chng trnh l Alignment - (<[Next Counter(CP)]>), bi en v sa li tn mi, v d tn mi y l: N
C tin t N, tip theo thm s th t sau n. Trong phn Property fields chn Next Counter c ngha l s m. Tip bm vo nt
Tn ca tuyn sau khi bin tp xong.
Tip tc, bin tp cch thc m cho tn tuyn. Cch th m cho tn tuyn nm trong
vng Incremental number format trong hp thoi Name Template
Sa Starting number hin c l 4 thnh 1
Click OK, ng v thot khi hp thoi Name Template v tr li hp thoi Create Alignment - Layout
Lc ny tn ca tuyn c i nh dng mi va bin tp N<[Next Counter]> Tip theo tm hiu loi ng ca tuyn. V d vi tuyn c to ra n thuc tp hp tim ng hoc b va hoc l thu ncMc nh ca chng trnh l Centerline.
C bn loi ng cho php ngi dng chn a vo tp hp, click chut vo mi tn xung s thy bn loi ng.
Vic a tuyn v tp hp no nhm phc v cho vic qun l, n khng nh hng ti vic thit k tuyn. V d ny chn theo mc nh ca chng trnh, loi Centerline.
Phn Description, dng m t cho tuyn, c th b qua Tip theo tm hiu cc thng s v thuc tnh ca tuyn khi v s c hin th nh th no trong vng General v Design Criteria
Tm hiu vi tab General trc Trong phn Site mc nh l None, tm thi ly theo mc nh ca chng trnh. Site gip cho vic qun l, cc tuyn cng nm trn mt Site s giao nhau v u ny gip cho ngi thit k c th t to ra va h v lng thng qua menu Parcel. Cc thng s thuc cc phn Alignment style (kiu th hin mt bng tuyn); Alignment layer (mt bng tuyn c to ra nm trn layer no iu ny gip cho vic qun l tt); Alignment label set (nhn thng s mt bng tuyn lu y ch l nhn n thun khng phi cc xut trc ngang). ng vi cc thng s ny. By gi chuyn qua tab Design Criteria tiu chun thit k p cho tuyn.
Khai bo tiu chun cho tuyn, sau ny khi vch tuyn chng trnh s a ra cc thng s khuyn co ti thiu ca tuyn thng qua cc gi tr tiu chun do ngi thit k khai bo
trong bng tra tiu chun. Starting design speed tc thit k ca tuyn, ng vi mi gi tr vn tc thit k s tng ng vi cc thng s hnh hc tuyn: bn knh cong nm, bn knh ng cong ng, chiu di on chuyn tip nu c.Gi tr hin c ca chng trnh l 100 km/h, c th khai bo li 60 km/h hoc mt gi tr khcV d chn tc thit k l 60 km/h, cn c vo gi tr vn tc, chng trnh s ly ra cc thng s tuyn tng ng t tiu chun ngi thit k chn. Tick chut vo tnh nng Use criteria-based design
Tiu chun p dng mc nh ca chng trnh l AASHTO 2001. Ngi thit k c th thay i cc gi tr trong tiu chun ph hp vi iu kin thit k cho cc d n hoc iu chnh cc thng s bn knh cong nm, gi tr siu cao theo tiu chun thit k ng TCVN 104-2007. Tm thi ng vi cc tiu chun p dng AASHTO 2001, s iu chnh cc bc tip theo.
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To mt bng tuyn t Polyline sn c

T to mt bng tuyn thng qua Create Alignment by Polyline Chn menu Alignments/Create Alignment from Polyline
Thc hin theo dng command lnh Select the first line/arc/polyline or [Xref]: Press ent La chn ban u line/arc/polyline hoc tham chiu r to accept alignment direction or [Reverse]: n Enter ng vi hng tuyn hin ti hoc o ngc li. Sau n phm Enter, xut hin hp thoi sau:
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Trong hp thoi ny c nhiu thng s, ch quan tm ti cc thng s cn thit, cn cc thng s cn li s c tm hiu dn dn. Cc thng s cn quan tm nh sau: Name: tn tuyn, mc nh chng trnh cho sn tn tuyn nh hnh 2.2 phn Name. C th sa li tn tuyn bng cch click chn vo tn v sa. Tn tuyn nn t theo ng tn ng trong khu vc thit k tin vic qun l. Type: loi tuyn, chn mc nh Centerline (tim tuyn) Alignment label set: t nhn tuyn. y, mi tn d xung ta chn All Labels
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Add curves between tangents: B sung ng cong gia hai ng thng. Nu tick chn th chng trnh s t ng b sung ng cong. Default radius: Bn knh mc nh, cho trnh cho sn gi tr 200m, nu mun gi tr khc th c th nhp vo. Lu gi tr bn knh ny nn ly t tiu chun, trong bng tiu chun cc yu t hnh hc tuyn. Do khng cn phi quan tm ti thng s ny. Erase existing entities: C xa tim tuyn c, nu tick vo th sau khi to mt bng tuyn, chng trnh s xa i tng polyline c chn. Desginer criteria: Tiu chun thit k p dng cho tuyn. Chc nng ny quan trng, cn phi c khai bo chng trnh p tiu chun hnh hc tuyn vo cho tuyn va to, iu ny s gip d dng kim sot cc thng s hnh hc cha ng vi tiu chun. V chng tnh c tnh nng a ra cc thng bo khuyn co ngi dng v cc thng s ny. Khi Click vo tab Desginer criteria mt hp thoi mi xut hin nh sau:
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Tick vo Use criteria-based design s dng tiu chun thit k ng nc ngoi. Vng Staring design speed-Tc u thit k, chng trnh mc nh 100km/h, c th chnh sa li. V d: 60km/h.
Click OK kt thc hp thoi trn. Nu mun thay i hng tuyn, ta vo menu Alignments/Reverse Alignment Direction
Thc hin theo dng command lnh Select an alignment <or press enter key to select from list>: Chn tuyn cn i hng hoc n phm enter chn t danh sch Thc hin xong chng trnh s hin ra hp thoi sau bo ch
Ch : khi thay i hng tuyn s thay i tt c l trnh, tc thit k, d liu siu cao, cng nh cc yu t k thut to t trc n phm OK ng Tip theo click chut vo Alignment va to, trn thanh Ribbon chn Offset Alignment
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Hp thoi xut hin
Trong hp thoi ny c nhiu thng s, ch quan tm ti cc thng s cn thit, cn cc

thng s cn li s c tm hiu dn dn. Cc thng s cn quan tm nh sau: Alignment to offset from: chn tn tuyn offset Station range: l trnh cn offset. Nu mun offset ton tuyn, nh du tick chn hai From start To end. Incremental offset on left: khong gia bn tri tuyn. V d: 5m Incremental offset on right: khong gia bn phi tuyn. V d: 5m Click OK kt thc.
Thit k trm dng xe Bus, bi u xe dc tuyn

Sau khi offset cho tuyn, to trm dng hoc bi xe, click vo phn offset cho tuyn bn tri hoc bn phi, trn thanh Ribbon/Add Widening
Thc hin theo dng command lnh Create Widening portion as a New Alignment?[Yes/No] <No>: N Select start station: Select end station: To khong li trn tuyn mi? To trc tip trn tuyn sn c nn chn N Chn l trnh bt u to Chn l trnh kt thc
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Enter widening offset: <8.000m>: 6 n phm Enter kt thc lnh
Nhp vo b rng khong li. VD: 6m
hiu chnh cc thng s k thut cho khong li ny thc hin theo hai cch sau: Cch 1: Click vo khong li va to
Thy xut hin cc biu tng, nhng biu tng ny dng hiu chnh hiu chnh b rng khong li, click vo biu tng gim b rng hiu chnh chiu di khong li, click vo biu tng tng hay gim chiu di , r chut ra hay vo tng hay
, r chut qua tri hay phi
thm khong li hoc git cp
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Click vo biu tng
Cch ny ch dng cho hiu chnh s b. hiu chnh mt cch chnh xc, thc hin theo cch 2 Cch 2: Click vo khong li, trn thanh Ribbon/Offset Parameters
Hp thoi Offset Alignment Parameters xut hin
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Vng Parent Alignment Name cho bit khong li v tr no, thuc tuyn no
Click vo mi tn xung, chn tuyn khc v tr khc
Vng Nominal offset, cho bit khong cch offset t tim tuyn
thm khong li click vo biu tng
Thc hin theo dng command lnh
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Create Widening portion as a New Alignment?[Yes/No] <No>: N Select start station: Select end station: Enter widening offset: <8.000m>: 4
To khong li trn tuyn mi? To trc tip trn tuyn sn c nn chn N Chn l trnh bt u to Chn l trnh kt thc Nhp vo b rng khong li. VD: 4m
n phm Enter kt thc lnh, thm c khong li trn mt bng
Cc thng s k thut ca khong li nm vng Property
Transition In Widenig Region Transition Out Vng Transition In c cc thng s sau
Chuyn tip vo khong li Vng chuyn tip Chuyn tip ra khong li
Transition type-loi chuyn tip. Click vo mi tn xung chn cc kiu th hin
Khi click vo tng mc trong bng ny, trn mt bng chng trnh s nh du m gip
d dng quan st Transition length-chiu di on chuyn tip. y ta c th nhp chiu di
Curve 1 Radius- bn knh ng cong th nht. y c th nhp thng s bn knh Curve 2 Radius- bn knh ng cong th hai. y c th nhp thng s bn knh Vng Widening Region-chiu rng khong li c cc thng s sau
Offset nhp chiu rng khong li Start Station-l trnh bt u End Station-l trnh kt thc Region Length-chiu di khong li Vng Transition Out hiu chnh tng t nh vng Transition In
Sau khi thit lp tt c cc thng s, khong li c th hin.
Chnh sa tiu chun thit k cho tuyn.

chnh sa tiu chun thit k cho ph hp vi tiu chun v thit k ng ca tng quc gia. Vo menu Aligments/Desidn Criteria Editor
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Hp thoi Design Criteria Editor-bin tp tiu chun thit k xut hin
Trc tin, tm hiu mc Unit
y l mc cho bit c, ang thit kt theo h thng n v no. y do ban u ta chn h SI nn tt c h n cc yu t k thut c mc nh nh trn. Sang mc Alignments
Trong mc ny, c rt nhiu thng s k thut, y ch tm hiu vi thng s c bn Minimum Radius Table-bng thit lp bn knh cong ti thiu
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Chng trnh c sn cc tiu chun ca nc ngoi, chnh sa cho ph hp vi tiu chun trong nc, click chut vo cc bng tiu chun trn
Sa thng s bn knh cong, ch cn bi en v sa li
. thm thng s vo ct Speed-tc , click vo biu tng biu tng . , v xa i click vo
Superelevation Attainment Methods-Phng php quay siu cao
Click vo phn Transition Stype Standard
Chnh li cng thc trong ct Formula cho ph hp vi tiu chun Vit Nam
Cng thc quay siu cao hiu chnh chnh xc:
Trong : {e}
p siu cao cho tuyn

Chn vo tuyn trn bn v, sau di chuyn chut ln thanh Ribbon, chn vo Superelevation , biu tng qay siu cao
Khi chn vo Superelevation, c ba la chn: Calculate/Edit Superelevation tnh ton v hiu chnh siu cao View Tabular Editor xem bng thng s siu cao ca tuyn
Create Superelevation View v s quay siu cao ca tuyn Ln u tin p siu cao cho tuyn chn vo Calculate/Edit Superelevation. Khi chn xong hp thoi Edit Superelevation xut hin.
Trong hp thoi Edit Superelevation c hai la chn, v ln tnh u tin nn chn vo tnh nng Caculate superelevation now tnh ton siu cao cho tuyn ngay Hp thoi Calculate Superelevation xut hin
Trong hp thoi ny c 4 Tab, khai bo trnh t theo cc Tab khai bo cch thc p siu cao cho tuyn. Vi Tab Roadway Type loi ng. C 4 loi c bn
Undivided Crowned Undivided Planar Divided Crowned with Median Divided Planar with Median
ng khng c di phn cch, mt ct ngang c hai mi dc ng khng c di phn cch, mt ct ngang c mt mi dc ng c di phn cch, mi bn di phn cch mt ct ngang c hai mi dc ng c di phn cch, mi bn di phn cch mt ct ngang c mt mi dc
ng vi mi loi ng, c cc cch la chn trc quay siu cao khc nhau. Tm hiu theo trnh t 4 loi ng trn. Undivided Crowned ng khng c di phn cch, mt ct ngang c hai mi dc
Di chuyn chut vo vng Pivot Method la chn tm quay. Pivot Method Trc quay Hnh dng ngha
Center Baseline
Chn tim ng lm tm quay
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Tnh theo hng tuyn t di ln
Undivided Planar
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Tnh theo hng tuyn t di ln Divided Crowned with Median Center
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K: chiu di ng cong (m), K = R , y n v l radian T: chiu di on tip tuyn ca cung trn (m) T = R tan
, n v l radian 2
1 2 2 1 P: on phn c (m), P = T + R R hoc P = R cos 2
R: Bnh knh ng cong (m) : Gc cung trn (radian hoc )
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Thit k trc dc tuyn

Trc dc tuyn gip ta thit k mt cch d dng ng cong ng ca mt tuyn ng no khi tuyn ny nm ti nhng a hnh kh phc tp nh vng i ni hoc ch trng C bc xut trc dc trc t nhin v thit k trc dc ng , lm tun t cc bc sau. Bc 1: Xut trc dc t nhin tin hnh xut trc dc tuyn vo menu Profiles/Create Profile from Surface
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Hp thoi Create Profile from Surface-to trc dc t b mt xut hin
Vng Alignment, cho bit c s xut trc dc ca tuyn no. Nu c nhiu tuyn th c hai cch la chn Cch 1: Nhp vo biu tng trong vng Alignment chn la t danh sch.
Cch2: Nu khng xc nh c tuyn cn xut trc dc tn g th click vo biu tng la chn trn bng v, thc hin theo dng command lnh sau: Select Alignment: Tip theo, ti vng Select surfaces Chn tuyn. Dng chut click vo tuyn trn bng v.
y chng trnh s thng k tt c cc b mt m xy dng trn bng v. Click chut vo mt phng cn xut trc dc, v d chn b mt tk, sau click vo nt
Xem vng Profile list xut hin d liu b mt tk
Quay li vng Select surfaces
Click chn b mt tn, sau nhn vo nt Vng Profile list xut hin nh sau:
Nh vy sau khi xut trc dc tuyn ta c tham chiu vi hai b mt Tip theo nhn vo biu tng Hp thoi Create Profile View-General xut hin
Khng cn quan tm n cc mc la chn hp thoi, click vo biu tng
c kt qu sau:
Hiu chnh trc dc, click vo trc dc va to, trn thanh Ribbon chn Profile View Properties/Edit Profile View Style
Hp thoi Profile View Stype-Profile View xut hin, y ch cn quan tm n tab Display v tab Grid tab Display
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Trong vng Component display
Click biu tng Garaph Title
, visible tt c cc dng sau
Grid at Horizontal Geometry Point Grid at Sample Line Stations Profile Hatch
Sau khi chn nh hnh trn, chuyn sang tab Grid
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Vng Grid options, tick chut vo Clip vertical grid, sau click OK ng vi cc la chn trn. c kt qu sau
Bc 2: Thit k ng Vo menu Profile/Create Profile by Layout
Thc hin theo dng command lnh Select profile view to cre e profile: Chn trc dc to trc dc Hp thoi Create Profile-Draw New
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hp thoi ny c nhiu mc la chn, nu mun s dng tiu chun trong qu trnh thit k
nh du tick vo Use criteria-based design, sau click OK kt thc hp thoi. Thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools xut hin
Click vo biu tng
, trn thanh cng c chn Draw Tangents With Curves
Thc theo dng command lnh Specify start point: Specify end point: Sau n phm Enter, ta c hnh nh sau im u im cui
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Mun chnh sa tuyn va v, click vo tuyn, trn thanh Ribbon chn Gometry Editor
Thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools xut hin
Insert im gy trn tuyn click vo biu tng Thc hin theo dng command lnh Specify p
, trn thanh Ribbon
nt for new PVI: Chn v tr cn t im gy Sau n phm Enter kt thc lnh. Ta c kt qu sau:
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xa i im gy va Insert, click vo biu tng Tools Thc hin theo dng command lnh Pick point near
, trn thanh cng c Profile Layout
I to delete: Click vo im cn xa Sau n phm Enter bo trn cc im gy ca tuyn nh hnh sau:
Trn thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools, click biu tng Free Vertical Curve (Parameter)
, mi tn xung chn
Thc hin theo dng commad lnh
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Select first entity: Select next entity: Specify curve length or [Radius/K] <150.000m>: n phm Enter, ta c kt qu sau:
Chn i tng u Chn i tng k tip di ng cong hoc[bn knh cong/h s K]
Th hin trc dc tuyn

Sau khi c trc dc t nhin v ng thit k, bt u vic hiu chnh trc dc tuyn theo tiu chun Vit Nam
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Cc d liu cn th hin trn trc dc bao gm: 1. dc dc ng (LONGITUDINAL GRADE) 2. Cao thit k (DESIGN ELEVATION) 3. Cao t nhin (EXISTING ELEVATION) 4. Khong cch l thit k (DISTANCE) 5. Khong cch cng dn (ACCUMULATED DISTANCE) 6. Tn cc (STAKE) 7. Siu cao (SUPERELEVATION) 8. ng thng ng cong (HORIZONTAL GEOMETRY) Trc khi th hin d liu trc dc, cn hiu chnh trc dc p hn 1. Hiu chnh phn trc dc Chn vo trc dc, trn thanh Ribbon click vo Profile View Properties chn Edit Profile View Style.
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Hp thoi Profile View Style Profile View xut hin
Chuyn sang Tab Information trong phn Name tn style trc dc mi ny mc nh l Profile View i tn mi ny thnh Trac doc VN.
Chuyn sang Tab Grid phn Grid options tick chn vo Clip vertical grid, Clip to highest profile(s), Omit grid in padding areas, Clip horizontal grid, Clip to highest profile(s), Omit grid in padding areas.
Trong phn Grid padding (major grids) hiu chnh cc thng s sau Above maximum elevation : 0.00 To left :0.15 Below datum : 0.00 To right : 0.15
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Chuyn sang Tab Title Annotation. i tn trc dc click vo biu tng
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Title Text xut hin. nh tn trc dc trong khung pha phi.
Tip theo chuyn sang Tab Vertical Axes, trong phn Major tick details hiu chnh cc thng s nh sau : (y ch l con s theo kinh nghim)
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bin tp thm s thp phn cho ct so snh cao trc dc, trong phn Major tick details mc Tick label text click vo .
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Major Tick Text xut hin. Xa ht phn ch trong khung bn phi.
Trong phn Properties click vo mc Precision chn 0.01
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Sau nhn vo biu tng
, thy xut hin ni dung va bin son trong khung phi.
Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Profile View Style Trac doc VN. Chuyn sang Tab Display, tt bt cc layer sau: Right Axis, Right Axis Annotation Major, Top Axis, Grid Horizontal Major, Grid Horizontal Minor M layer Gid at Sample Line Stations, Gid at Horizontal Geometry Point, Profile Hatch.
Sau khi chnh sa xong nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic.
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2. dc dc thit k (LONGITUDINAL GRADE) Chn vo trc dc, trn thanh Ribbon click vo Profile View Properties chn Profile View Properties
Hp thoi Profile View Properties Alignment (5)1 xut hin
Trong Tab Information phn Name l tn style d liu s c to mi, nn i ln d dng qun l sa cha sau ny. V d i thnh Band VN
Sau chuyn sang Tab Bands bt u bin son d liu. Trong khung Band Type bn di, c mc nh 1 loi d liu, nn xa loi d liu ny i bng cch chn hng d liu v nhn vo biu tng .
Bc 1: La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi Trong phn Band type chn Vertical Geometry.
Tip tc chuyn sang phn Select band style: chn loi nhn.
Mc nh chng trnh l nhn Geometry. Khng s dng nhn ny, ch k tha nhn ny. Click chut vo biu tng v chn Copy Current Selection.
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Hp thoi Profile Data Band Style Geometry [Copy] hin ra.
Chn vo tab Information trong phn Name nh tn mi: do doc doc, t tn nh vy tin qun l sau ny.
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc dc v kch thc khung d liu Tip tc chn vo Tab Band Details, trong phn Title text chn vo Compose label bin tp tn u d liu trc dc.
Hp thoi Label Style Composer Band Title xut hin
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Vo tab Layout phn General mc Anchor Point chn Middle Left.
phn Text sa ni dung tn u trc dc, trong mc Contents click vo biu tng
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents xut hin.
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Xa ht text trong khung bn phi v ghi vo tn tiu d liu : LONGITUDINAL GRADE DC DC
Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer Band Title. Trong phn Text hiu chnh cc thng s sau Text Height : 2.80mm Attachment: Middle left X Offset: 2.00mm
Click OK ng vi cc thuc tnh hiu chnh v thot hp thoi Label Style Composer Band Title v tr v vi hp thoi Profile Data Band Style do doc doc Tip tc trong phn Layout hiu chnh chiu cao ca Band d liu thnh cc thng s sau Band height : 12mm Text box width: 55mm
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Offset from band : 1.0mm
Nh vy l hiu chnh c tn u trc dc. Bc 3: Hiu chnh th hin ni dung Band trc dc Trong phn Labels and ticks chn Downhill tangent (xung dc) ri click vo Compose label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer Downhill Tangent xut hin
Tab Layout, trong phn General mc Anchor Point chn Schematic Line Mid
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Trong phn Text mc Contents click vo biu tng
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents xut hin
Xa ht phn text trong khung bn phi bt u bin son ni dung d liu mi. in vo khung ch i= , sau trong phn Properties click vo v chn Tangent Grade
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Nhp vo biu tng
add sang khung bn phi
Ni dung dc c bin son
Nhn Enter xung dng ghi vo ch L=
Trong phn Properties click vo
v chn Tangent Horizontal Length
Nhp vo biu tng
add sang khung phi
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D liu chiu di dc c khai bo xong
Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer Downhill Tangent Trong phn Text sa mc Text Height li thnh 2.80mm
Sau nhp OK tr v hp thoi Profile Data Band Style do doc doc Trong phn Labels and ticks chn Uphill Tangent (ln dc) ri click vo Compose label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer Uphill Tangent xut hin
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Tt c cc khai bo trong hp thoi ny tng t nh trong hp thoi Label Style Composer Downhill Tangent. ghi thng s chiu di v bn knh ng cong ng li, trong phn Labels and ticks chn Crest Curve (ng cong ng li) ri click vo Compose label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer Crest Curve xut hin
Trong phn General mc Anchor Point chn Schematic Line Mid
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bin tp ni dung mi, trong phn Text mc Contents nhp vo biu tng
Xa ht Text trong khung bn phi, ri ghi ch L= , trong phn Properties chn Profile Curve Length ri nhp vo biu tng
Chiu di cong ng c khai bo
Xung dng nhp thm ch R= . Trong phn Properties chn Profile Curve Radius ri nhp vo biu tng
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ng knh ng cong ng c khai bo xong
Sau nhp OK tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer Crest Curve Trong phn Text tip tc hiu chnh Text Height thnh 2.80mm Attachment thnh Top center
Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Profile Data Band Style do doc doc. ghi thng s chiu di v bn knh ng cong ng lm, trong phn Labels and ticks chn Sag Curve (ng cong ng lm) ri click vo Compose label Hp thoi Label Style Composer Sag Curve xut hin
Cc khai bo trong hp thoi ny tng t nh trong hp thoi Label Style Composer Crest Curve. Ch khc phn Text mc Attachment thay v chn Top center th chn
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Bottom center. Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc dc. Trong hp thoi Profile Data Band Style do doc doc click vo tab Display v m layer Band Title Box
Sau khi khai bo xong nhp OK thot khi hp thoi Profile Data Band Style do doc doc tr v hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. Trong phn Select band style xut hin style do doc doc mi va to. thm style mi vo trc dc nhp vo biu tng
Style mi do doc doc c thm vo khung bn di
Sa gi tr Gap t 12.50mm thnh 0.00mm, Gap l khong cch t dng d liu trc dc n phn v ca trc dc.
Trong phn Profile 1 chn ng thit k
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Nhp OK tr v mn hnh lm vic
2. CAO THIT K Chn vo trc dc, trn thanh Ribbon click vo Profile View Properties chn Profile View Properties nh phn bin tp dc dc Bc 1: La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN phn Band type chn Sectional Data.
Mc nh chng trnh l nhn Sample Line Name and Distance. Khng s dng nhn ny, ch k tha nhn ny. Click chut vo biu tng v chn Copy Current Selection.
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Hp thoi Section Data Band Style Sample Line Name and Distance [Copy] hin ra.
Chn vo tab Information trong phn Name nh tn mi: cao do thiet ke, t tn nh vy tin qun l sau ny.
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc dc v kch thc khung d liu Tip tc chn vo Tab Band Details, trong phn Title text chn vo Compose label bin tp tn u d liu trc dc.
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Vo tab Layout phn General mc Anchor Point chn Middle Left.
phn Text sa ni dung tn u trc dc, trong mc Contents click vo biu tng
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents xut hin.
Xa ht text trong khung bn phi v ghi vo tn tiu d liu : DESIGN ELEVATION CAO THIT K
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Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer Band Title. Trong phn Text hiu chnh cc thng s sau Text Height : 2.80mm Attachment: Middle left X Offset: 2.00mm
Click OK ng vi cc thuc tnh hiu chnh v thot hp thoi Label Style Composer Band Title v tr v vi hp thoi Section Data Band Style cao do thiet ke Tip tc trong phn Layout hiu chnh chiu cao ca Band d liu thnh cc thng s sau Band height : 12mm Text box width: 55mm Offset from band : 1.0mm
Nh vy l hiu chnh c tn u trc dc.
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Bc 3: Hiu chnh th hin ni dung Band trc dc Trong phn Labels and ticks chn At Sample Line Station ri click vo Compose label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer At Sample Line Station xut hin
Tab Layout, trong phn General mc Anchor Point chn Band Middle
Trong phn Text mc Contents click vo biu tng
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Xa ht phn text trong khung bn phi bt u bin son ni dung d liu mi. Trong phn Properties click vo v chn Profile 1 Elevation.
Nhp vo biu tng
thm vo khung phi
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Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer At Sample Line Station. Trong phn Text hiu chnh cc thng s sau Text Height : 2.80mm Attachment : Middle center X Offset : 0.00mm
Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc dc. Trong hp thoi Section Data Band Style cao do thiet ke click vo tab Display v tt cc layer Ticks at Sample Line Station v Incremental Section Data Labels
Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. phn Select band style xut hin style cao do thiet ke mi va to. thm style mi vo trc dc nhp vo biu tng
Style mi cao do thiet ke c thm vo khung bn di
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Sa gi tr Gap t 12.50mm thnh 0.00mm.
Trong phn Profile 1 chn ng thit k
Trong phn Data Source click vo trng bn di
Chn SL Collection 1 (l tn cc Sample Line trn mt bng tuyn)
Nhp OK tr v mt phng lm vic
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3. CAO T NHIN Chn vo trc dc, trn thanh Ribbon click vo Profile View Properties chn Profile View Properties nh phn bin tp CAO THIT K Bc 1: La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN phn Band type chn Sectional Data.
Mc nh chng trnh l nhn cao do thiet ke. Khng s dng nhn ny, ch k tha nhn ny. Click chut vo biu tng v chn Copy Current Selection.
Hp thoi Section Data Band Style cao do thiet ke [Copy] hin ra. Chn vo tab Information trong phn Name nh tn mi: cao do tu nhien
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc dc v kch thc khung d liu Tng t nh bc 2 cao thit k. Ch khc thay v ghi CAO THIT K trong hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents th ghi l : CAO T NHIN EXISTING ELEVATION Bc 3: Hiu chnh th hin ni dung Band trc dc Cao t nhin ging nh cao thit k, ch khc ch l b mt tham chiu. Do copy t cao thit k nn s khng thay i ni dung bin son. Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc dc. Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. phn Select band style xut hin style cao do tu nhien mi va to. thm style mi vo trc dc nhp vo biu tng
Style mi cao do tu nhien c thm vo khung bn di
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Trong phn Profile 1 chn b mt t nhin
4. Khong cch l Chn vo trc dc, trn thanh Ribbon click vo Profile View Properties chn Profile View Properties nh trn. Bc 1: La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi Tng t nh Bc 1 Cao t nhin
Trong hp thoi Sectional Data Band Style cao do thiet ke [Copy], Tab Information
phn Name i tn thnh khoang cach le.
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc dc v kch thc khung d liu Tng t nh bc 2 cao t nhin. Ch khc trong hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents ghi l : DISTANCE KHONG CCH L
Bc 3: Hiu chnh th hin ni dung Band trc dc Trong phn Labels and ticks chn Incremental Section Data ri click vo Compose label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer Incremental Section Data xut hin
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Tab Layout, trong phn General mc Anchor Point chn Segment Mid Band Middle
Trong phn Text chnh sa li cc gi tr nh sau: Text Height : 2.8mm Attachment : Middle center
Sau nhp OK tr v hp thoi Sectional Data Band Style khoang cach le. Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc dc. Trong hp thoi Sectional Data Band Style khoang cach le chuyn sang Tab Display, trong phn ny tt layer Sample Line Station labels v m layer Ticks at Sample Line Station ; Incremental Section Data Labels
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Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. phn Select band style xut hin style khoang cach le mi va to. thm style mi vo trc dc nhp vo biu tng
Style mi khoang cach le c thm vo khung bn di
Sa gi tr Gap t 12.50mm thnh 0.00mm. Nhp OK tr v mt phng lm vic
5. Khong cch cng dn Chn vo trc dc, trn thanh Ribbon click vo Profile View Properties chn Profile View Properties nh trn. Bc 1: La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi Tng t nh Bc 1 khong cch l. ng trn style cao do thiet ke click vo Copy Current Selection. chn
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Trong hp thoi Sectional Data Band Style cao do thiet ke [Copy], Tab Information phn Name i tn thnh khoang cach cong don.
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc dc v kch thc khung d liu Tng t nh bc 2 khong cch l. Ch khc trong hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents ghi l : ACCUMULATED DISTANCE KHONG CCH CNG DN Bc 3: Hiu chnh th hin ni dung Band trc dc Trong hp thoi Sectional Data Band Style khoang cach cong don phn Labels and ticks chn At Sample Line Station ri click vo Compose label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer At Sample Line Station xut hin
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Tab Layout, trong phn Text mc Contents click vo
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents xut hin. Xa ht text trong khung bn phi.
Trong phn Properties click vo
chn Station Value
Trong phn Format mc nh l station format, chn li l decimal.
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Sau nhp vo
thm sang khung bn phi
. Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Sectional Data Band Style khoang cach cong don. Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc dc. Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. phn Select band style xut hin style khoang cach cong don mi va to. thm style mi vo trc dc nhp vo biu tng
Style mi khoang cach cong don c thm vo khung bn di

6. Tn cc Chn vo trc dc, trn thanh Ribbon click vo Profile View Properties chn Profile View Properties nh trn. Bc 1: La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi Tng t nh Bc 1 khong cch cng dn. ng trn style cao do thiet ke click vo chn Copy Current Selection.
Trong hp thoi Sectional Data Band Style cao do thiet ke [Copy], Tab Information phn Name i tn thnh ten coc.
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Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc dc v kch thc khung d liu Tng t nh bc 2 khong cch cng dn. Ch khc trong hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents ghi l : STAKE TN CC Bc 3: Hiu chnh th hin ni dung Band trc dc Tng t nh Bc 3 khong cch cng dn ch khc trong phn Properties ca hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents chn Station Line Name
Sau nhp vo
thm sang khung bn phi
. Nhp OK tt c tr v hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc dc. Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties Band VN. phn Select band style xut hin style Ten coc mi va to. thm style mi vo trc dc nhp vo biu tng .
Style mi Ten coc c thm vo khung bn di
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Sa gi tr Gap t 12.50mm thnh 0.00mm. Nhp OK tr v mt phng lm vic
7. Siu cao
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nh ngha trc ngang v p trc ngang

i vi Civil 3D mt ct ngang tuyn rt phong ph, tuyn y c th l ng giao thng, hoc knh mng, hay phui cng,.mt ct ngang thuc loi no ty thuc vo ngi dng quan nim.
d hiu, tin hnh nh ngha mt ct ngang ng n gin nht, v d y l ng th, qui m mt ct nh sau: mt ng rng 12m, va h mi bn 4m. Sau khi click chn Create Assembly hp thoi Create Assembly xut hin
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Trong phn Name ca mt ct, thay tn mc nh ca chng trnh thnh 4-12-4, tn mt ct ngang gip cho vic qun l c tt hn, v d vi mt ct 4-12-4, sau ny s p cho ton b ng no c qui m nh vy.
Cc thuc tnh cn li ca hp thoi gi nguyn, tip nhn OK ng v thot khi hp thoi. Sau khi thot hp thoi, chng trnh s yu cu chn mt im trn bn v t mt ct, v tr ny c th chn bt k v tr no trn bn v, sao cho d quan st l c.
Biu tng chnh l tim ca tuyn (Alignment), v tr tuyn c th l tim ng hoc mp ng ty thuc vo yu cu ca d n v ngi dng. Tip theo khai bo cc thnh phn ca mt ct ngang, nhn Crtl+3 hoc vo menu Corridors / Subassembly Tool Palettes.
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Sau khi nhn t hp phm Crtl+3 xut hin Tool Palettes Civil Metric Subasseblies trong Tool ny c nhiu Tab, mi Tab cha mt s mu thuc mt s nhm c th tm dch nh sau: Basic: mu c bn ca cc loi mt ct ngang Lanes: mu dnh cho phn xe chy hay cn gi l lng ng Shoulders: mu dnh cho vai ng i vi ng ngoi th Medians: mu dnh cho di phn cch ng Curb: mu dnh cho l ng bao gm b va v va h Daylight: mu dnh cho mi dc mi taluy
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Generic: cc i tng p dng chung cho mi trng hp Conditional: cc mu dnh cho thit lp mi dc o p c iu kin phc tp Trench Pipes: cc mu dnh cho h thng thot nc hai bn ng - khng phi l mng li thot nc Retaining Walls: mu dnh cho tng chn v g chn Rehab: mu dnh cho thit k nng cp ci to ng Bridge and Rail: mu dnh cho cu trn tuyn (dng n gin) ng st. C th chi tit cho tng loi mt ct xem ph lc 7 phn 1 Cc thnh phn mt ct ngang Tr li vi vic khai bo cc thnh cho mt ngang 4-12-4 Trn Tool Palettes Civil Metric Subasseblies click chut vo Tab Lanes khai bo phn xe chy (lng ng)
Trong Tab Lanes di chuyn chut v chn LaneOutsideSuper loi mt ct quay c khi vo on ng c siu cao v khai bo c 4 lp vt liu cho kt cu o ng. Ty thuc vo loi Subassembly (Sub) m chng trnh cho php khai bo bao nhiu lp vt liu v c p c siu cao hay khng, chi tit mi loi thnh phn s tm hiu k ph lc 7.
Khi click chut vo LaneOutsideSuper, mt hp thoi thuc tnh s xut hin
Thng s Side l mc nh ca chng trnh cho Sub l Right bn phi, thng s ny mc nh ca chng trnh khng sa g. Tip theo khai bo thng s Width b rng, gi tr mc nh l 3.6m, nhng mt ct cn
xy dng c b rng lng ng 12m, suy ra mi bn s l 6m, tr i phn l thu nc 0.25m, nh vy phn xe chy cn li l 5.75m. Thay gi tr b rng hin c ca chng trnh l 3.6m thnh 5.75m
dc ngang ng - Default Slope, gi tr mc nh l -2%, gi tr m c ngha l mt ct ngang hng t nh ra l thu nc, gi tr ny c th thay i ty vo ngi dng. Cn li 4 thng s di l b dy 4 lp vt liu, tng ng theo th t lp vt liu, c th b dy mi lp phi c tnh ton, y c th gi nguyn cc gi tr ny. Sau khi khai bo xong cc gi tr, di chuyn chut ra khi hp thoi vo vng lm vic ca mn hnh s xut hin biu tng , di chuyn chut n v tr t mt ct
Click vo biu tng tm ca mt ct, t ng phn lng ng s c gn vo tim mt ct, v hng v pha bn tay phi tng ng vi cc thng s khai bo trong hp thoi
i vi C3D 2012, chng trnh c nng cp, thay v chn LaneOutsideSuper, chn LaneSuperelevationAOR,
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Hp thoi khai bo cho mu mi c khc mt t so vi mu ca C3D 2011
Mc nh chng trnh thuc tnh Use Superelevation None, click vo mi tn xung, chn tng ng vi mu ny c tnh ln xe chy pha trong hay ngoi ca mt hng xe chy.
V d y chn Right Lane Outside, v thuc tnh Side ang Right, cn Outside l thuc tnh tng qut cho ng mt hay nhiu ln xe.
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Bc tip theo khai bo b va cho phn bn phi ng. Trn Tool Palettes Civil Metric Subasseblies click chut vo Tab Curbs khai bo b va v l thu nc.
Click chn loi UrbanCurbGutterGeneral sau khi click chut hp thoi thuc tnh ghi cc kch thc ca loi b va ny xut hin
Cc kch thc A, B, C, D, E, F, G c biu din nh sau:
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Sau khi khai bo xong cc gi tr, di chuyn chut ra khi hp thoi, n v tr mp trong lng ng, ni t b va h, s xut hin biu tng .
Sau click vo, th b va s gn vo phn lng ng nh hnh sau:
Bc tip theo l khai bo va h cho ng pha phi: Trong Tab Curb chn loi va h UrbanSidewalk cc thuc tnh ca va h s xut hin nh sau :
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Trong quan tm n phn Sidewalk Width l b rng ca va h, Slope l dc va h. Trong v d ny s sa b rng va h thnh 4m, dc vn l 2%. Sau khi khai bo xong, di chuyn chut ra mn hnh lm vic thy xut hin biu tng di chuyn chut n v tr mp trong b va, ni t va h. ,
Sau click vo v tr nh hnh v trn t va h. Va h s c gn vo b va
Cch th hai sa cc thng s ca va h l click vo i tng va h, di chuyn chut trn thanh Ribbon chn vo Subassembly Properties.
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Hp thoi Subassembly Properties xut hin. Click vo Tab Information
Trong phn Name, mc nh tn va h l UrbanSidewalk - (32). Khng nn nguyn tn ny, nn sa thnh tn mi d qun l cho vic tham chiu v sa cha sau ny. V d i thnh he-phai.
Sau chuyn sang Tab Parameters thay i cc thng s cho va h :
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Trong Tab ny, Sidewalk Width l b rng va h, Slope l dc va h . Theo v d ny, thay i b rng va h thnh 4m, dc gi nguyn khng thay i. Sau khi khai bo xong nhp OK hon thnh vic sa cha. Khai bo cho phn ng bn tri. C hai cch lm: Cch th nht : Khai bo tng t nh phn ng pha bn phi nhng ch trong phn khai bo pha bn tri ng phn Side chn Left.
Lm tng t c mt ct ngang ng hon chnh
Cch th 2 :
Chn ton b i tng bn phn ng phi, sau di chuyn chut ln thanh Ribbon click vo phn Mirror Subassemblies.
Sau , thy biu tng , v dng command xut hin Select marker point within assembly tm dch l chn vo im ly i xng.
y click vo tim mt ct, Sau khi click vo s c mt ct ngang hon chnh ging nh cch 1. i vi C3D 2012, mt ct ngang mu c b sung thm v tr c, d nhn bit chng ta khai bo thuc tnh no.
Ton b cc loi Sub trong Civil 3D c m t chi tit trong file AutoCAD Civil 3D 2011 hoc 2012 Subassembly Reference, file ny nm trong th mc ci t Civil 3D, c th m theo ng dn sau:
Hoc xem ph lc 7 Cc thnh phn ca mt ct ngang
p trc ngang
Sau khi khi bo xong mt ct ngang, bc tip theo l p trc ngang ln mt bng tuyn. Trc khi p trc ngang th phi c mt bng tuyn (Alignment), trc dc tuyn (profile). Tt c nhng phn ny c hng dn thit k mc nh ngha mt bng tuyn v thit k trc dc tuyn. p mt ngang ln tuyn thit k vo Corridors - Create Corridors
Dng command xut hin Select a baseline alignment <or press enter key to select from list>: Chn tuyn trc tip trn bn v <hoc nhn 1 phm bt k chn tuyn trong danh sch>:
Ngha l s c 2 cch chn tuyn: mt l chn trc tip vo tuyn p trc ngang, hai l nhn phm bt k chn tn tuyn trong hp thoi Select an alignment .
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Chn vo tn tuyn sau nhp OK. Sau command xut hin dng lnh Select a profile <or press enter key to select from list> Chn trc dc ng thit k <hoc nhn phm bt k chn tr
c dc t danh sch>: Ngha l s c 2 cch chn trc dc thit k: mt l chn trc tip vo
trc dc ng tuyn thit k trc ngang, hai l nhn phm bt k chn tn trc dc trong hp thoi Select a Profile .
Trong hp thoi Select a Profile phn Select a Profile chn tn ng thit k trc dc tuyn c mc nh l Layout(1). Sau nhp OK. Sau command xut hin dng lnh Select an assembly <or press enter key to selec from list>: Chn mt mt ct ngang <hoc nhn p
m bt k chn t danh sch>:Ngha l s c 2 cch chn mt ct ngang: mt l chn
trc tip vo mt ct ngang cn p vo tuyn, hai l nhn phm bt k chn tn trc ngang trong hp thoi Select an Assembly.
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Trong hp thoi Select an Assembly click vo biu tng chn mt ct ngang cn p vo tuyn. V d y chn mt ct ngang va khai bo trn l 4-12-4. Nhp OK thc hin. Sau xut hin hp thoi Create Corridor
Corridor name l tn mng li cao trnh cho tuyn ng, mc nh l Corridor - (<[Next Counter(CP)]>). Khng nn nguyn tn ny, nn sa thnh tn mi d qun l cho vic tham chiu v sa cha sau ny. V d i thnh mat cat duong so 1.
Corridor layer: layer ca mt trc ngang ng, c th thay i bng cch nhp vo biu tng .
Corridor style: cch th hin mt trc ngang, mc nh chng trnh l Basic, khng thay i, s sa sau.
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Trong hp thoi Create Corridor, c th sa li nhng g khai bo trn bao gm: Tuyn thit k trc ngang (Alignment), Trc dc thit k (Profile), Trc ngang mu (Assembly) bng cch click chut vo tn pha di ri khai bo li.
hp thoi Create Corridor, cn ch ba phn sau: Start Station , End Station, Frequency v Target.
Start Station: im bt u p trc ngang, mc nh l l trnh 0+000.00m c th click chut sa li l trnh bt u.
Cch th hai l nhp vo biu tng , sau s tr v mn hnh lm vic v di chuyn chut chn vo l trnh hoc v tr tuyn bt u p trc ngang.
End Station: im kt thc thit k trc ngang, mc nh l l trnh cui cng ca tuyn. C th sa li theo mun ging nh hng dn phn Start Station.
Frequency: khai bo khong cch p mt ct ngang cho tuyn. khai bo hoc thay i khong cch chn vo biu tng
Hp thoi Frequency to Apply Assemblies xut hin, trong hp thoi ny cc thng s phn Apply Assembly tham kho trong phn xut trc dc a hnh.
Target : tham chiu b rng ng, mi taluy, cao . Khng phi tt c cc mt ct ngang u c th tham chiu, mun tham chiu th trn mt ct ngang phi c thnh phn mt ct ngang cho php tham chiu. Chi tit thuc tnh thnh phn mt ct ngang c tham chiu xem ph lc 7.
Surfaces : tham chiu b mt dnh cho my taluy. Width or Offset Targets : tham chiu b rng ng. Slope or Elevation Targets : tham chiu dc v cao .
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Phn tham chiu ny s c trnh by c th hn trong phn thit k nt giao thng. Ch : Trn tuyn c th c nhiu v tr khng p trc ngang nh ng giao (v c mt ct ngang khc so vi dc tuyn) hoc mt tuyn ng nhng c nhiu loi mt ct ngang khc nhau nn trn mt tuyn s c nhiu on p trc ngang. insert thm on p trc ngang chut phi vo hng RG - 4-12-4 - (47) chn Insert Region-After
Sau xut hin hp thoi Create Corridor Region.
Trong hp thoi ny c th chn mt ct ngang cho on mi. Sau nhp OK tr v hp thoi Create Corridor s xut hin thm hng RG - 4-12-4 - (103).
Lu rng l trnh bt u ca on va mi insert thm (Start Station ca on RG - 412-4 - (103) ) phi ln hn l trnh kt thc ca on trn trn n (End Station ca on RG - 4-12-4 - (47)). Sau khi khai bo xong cc thng s, nhp OK thot khi hp thoi Create Corridor v hon tt cng vic p trc ngang.
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To b mt cho tuyn ng Sau khi p trc ngang, s to b mt cho tuyn ng t Corridor tnh ton khi lng o p cho tuyn. Thng thng, khi lng tuyn c nhiu loi, tng ng vi mi loi s to mt b mt. Chn vo i tng Corridor va p, sau di chuyn chut ln thanh Ribbon, chn Corridor Surfaces
Hp thoi Corridor Surfaces xut hin.
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Trong hp thoi ny click vo biu tng xut hin mt hng trong khung bn di. B mt ng c to ti bc ny ch mi ln tn, cha c d liu, phi khai bo loi d liu to nn b mt ny, t mi th khai thc b mt ny.
Trong phn Name, i vi v d ny th tn mc nh l mat cat duong so 1 - (8), nn i tn ny thun tin cho vic qun l v tnh ton sau ny. i vi v d ny i thnh be mat hoan thien. Tn b mt t tng ng vi loi d liu add vo cho b mt, v d b mt hon thin l b mt c to ra t code Top ca mt ct ngang ng. Trong phn Specify code nhp vo biu tng . chn Top. Sau nhp vo biu tng
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Trong phn Overhang Correction click chut vo bn di, mc nh chng trnh l None, chn Top Links. Top Links, c ngha l to ra b mt ni cc ng thng pha trn mt ct ngang mu
Trong phn Add as Breakline tick chut vo biu tng , Add as Breakline c ngha l to ra ng thng ng cho b mt, ng thng ng ny nu nhn mt bng s thy mt im, nhng trn mt ng c s chnh cao. Sau khi khai bo xong, nhp OK to b mt ng hon chnh.
Khi b mt c to, c th, th hin b mt ny dng ng ng mc. Ch c th s lng ng ng mc trn ng tha, do chnh cao ng ng mc ln mc nh chng trnh l 2m, chnh sa li s ng ng mc dy thm nh sau: Chn vo ng ng mc b mt ng, di chuyn chut ln thanh Ribbon click vo dng Surface Properties chn Edit Surface Style .
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Sau khi hiu chnh Style ca b mt vi chnh cao l 0.1 th ung ng mc dy hn.
Phn hiu chnh v cp nht mt ct ngang s c trnh by kt hp vi phn tnh ton khi lng o p ng trong phn .
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Xut trc ngang, tnh ton khi lng mt ct ngang

Xut trc ngang, lm vic vi menu Section, hai menu Corridor v Section c nhim v khc nhau, khng nn nhm ln gia hai menu Corridor v Section. Corridor: dng nh ngha mt ct ngang, v p mt ct ngang nh ngha vo tuyn Section: dng pht sinh cc, xut mt ct ngang v tnh ton khi lng. Menu Section Pht sinh cc, xut mt ct ngang, tnh khi lng
xut trc ngang cho tuyn, cn phi to cc trc (Create Sample Line) Mun tnh c khi lng phi to c b mt cho tuyn, to b mt cho tuyn rt phong ph, n xut pht t Corridor Properties, s tm hiu k cc cch thc to b mt t Corridor c th tnh ton c nhiu loi khi lng khc nhau. Lu vi Civil 3D tnh ton khi lng bng cch tr hai b mt vi nhau. Nn mun tnh khi lng phn no th to b mt phn l c. Trc tin, pht sinh cc. Vo menu Sections / Create Sample Line
Sau khi chn vo Create Sample Lines, ti dng command lnh, xut hin dng nhc
lnh: Select an alignment <or press enter key to Chn mt bng < hoc nhn chut phi select from list>: hin danh sch cc mt tuyn hin c trong file>: Cch tt nht nn nhn chut phi th hin danh sch cc mt bng tuyn hin c trong bn v, ri sau la chn. y thc hin theo cch nhn chut phi. Sau khi nhn chut phi hp thoi Seclect Aligment xut hin.
Da trong bn v mi ch c mt tuyn nn trong danh sch ny ch c mt tuyn. Click chn vo tuyen 1, nhn OK ng v thot hp thoi Seclect Alignment. Tip theo hp thoi Create Sample Line Group xut hin.
Di chuyn chut vo vng Name ca hp thoi.
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Tn mc nh ca chng trnh l SL Collection - <[Next Counter(CP)]> , sa li thnh tuyen 1. Tn ca nhm cc v tn ca Corridor nn ging nhau d dng cho vic qun l. Vi mt tuyn c th xut nhiu nhm cc khc nhau, c ngha l c th xut khong cch cc tng ng vo giai on thit k khc nhau trn cng mt tuyn. v trc dc v p trc ngang chng trnh khng bt buc phi c cc mi thc hin c nh mt s chng trnh trong nc hin c. iu ny s rt c li khi h s c thit k nhiu bc, vi cc bc thit k chi tit yu cu chnh xc cao, th khong cch tnh ton gia cc cc s ngn li. Lc ny ch cn to mt nhm Sample Line mi cho tuyn l c. Tn tuyn c sa li nh sau:
Tip tc di chuyn chut sang vng Sample line style (Hnh thc th hin cc); Sample line label style (Th hin nhn cho cc)
Hnh thc th hin cc c th khng cn tm nhiu, v cc bn v in thng trng en, nu c chnh mu th hin l gip ngi thit k d phn bit cc i tng trong bn v. Ring thng s th hin nhn cho cc (Sample line label style) cn phi nm r ni dung nhn cn bin tp l tn cc v l trnh ca cc. Vi tuyn u tin cha c mu sn cho tn cc v mi lm quen vi vic xut cc nn cha ni chi tit bin tp tn cc ngay lc ny. S c trnh by chi tit khi sang v d xut cc cho tuyn th 2.
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Tm thi ng vi loi nhn mc nh ca chng trnh l Section Name. Tip tc di chuyn chut sang vng Select data sources to sample (Chn i tng cn th hin trn trc ngang)
Data Source: i tng c trn bn v. Vi bn v hin c, mi ch c b mt tn v Corridor nn trong phn Data Source ch hin hai i tng, nu bn v c nhiu i tng th danh sch s hin nhiu. Cc i tng th hin c trn trc ngang bao gm: B mt, Corridor, Pipe Network. Sample: V i tng no th chn du tick vo i tng , nu khng cn v th b du tck chn. Sau ny nu mun th hin thm cc i tng khc ln trc ngang l hon ton c th, s c trnh by phn Add Sample more Sources. Cc thng s cn li, mc nh. Sau click OK, ng v thot khi hp thoi Create Sample Line Group. Tip theo thanh cng c Sample Line Tools s xut hin. Thanh cng c ny cung cp cc cch khc nhau to ra cc cho tuyn.
Trn thanh cng c Sample Line Tool click vo biu tng xung.
v click vo mi tn
Ba phng thc to cc thng c s dng: By range of station(to dng mng theo l trnh); At a Station (to theo tng v tr ngi dng khai bo); From corridor stations (to cc trng vi l trnh ca Corridor). Mi cch to p dng cho cc trng
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hp khc nhau. S dng By range station to trc ngang a hnh, khi cha c Corridor. S dng At a station dng to cc trong trc dc thot nc S dng From corridor stations khi to Corridor cho tuyn, s dng cho trc ngang thit k. Vic phn chia phm vi s dng cc cch thc to cc, ch mang tnh tng i, khi s dng nn linh hot p dng, c th phi hp cc cch to cc cho cng mt tuyn c th to c cc cho tuyn mt cch nhanh nht. phn to trc dc a hnh, chn tnh nng At a station v lc ch c tuyn. Nhng by gi sang phn thit k ng, to c Corridor. Cho nn chn chc nng From corridor stations. Tip hp thoi Create Sample Lines From Corridor Stations xut hin.
Di chuyn chut vo vng Station Range phm vi to cc trn tuyn. C th pht sinh cc cho ton tuyn hoc ch mt phn ca tuyn. Theo mc nh ca chng trnh thng s From alignment start v tr bt u to cc l True c ngha l bt u t u tuyn v thng s To alignment end v tr cc cui cng l True c ngha l to cc n cui tuyn. Nu khng mun to ht tuyn th trong phn To alignment end chn li thuc tnh l False
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Sau khi chn False xong, khai bo li l trnh cho cc cui cng.
Gi tr l trnh c th a vo trc tip hoc c th click vo biu tng , chn v tr cc cui cng cho tuyn ngay trn bn v. Gi s y ch pht sinh cc n l trnh 0+500m
Tip theo khai bo, phm v v mt ct ngang tnh t tim tuyn. Left Swath Width khong cch v sang bn tri tnh t tim tuyn; Right Swath Width khong cch v sang bn phi tnh t tim tuyn.
Thng s phm vi v mt ct l Width, gi tr mc nh ca chng trnh l 20.00m, click chut trc tip vo gi tr ny sa li thnh gi tr khc, phm vi v mt ct ngang rng bao nhiu ph thuc vo qui m mt ct ng ang thit k. C th phm v v mt ct ti cc l trnh c phm vi khc nhau.
Tm thi gi tr ny, gi nguyn theo gi tr mc nh l 20.00m. Sau nhn OK ng
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v thot khi hp thoi Create Sample Lines From Corridor Stations. Sau nhn Enter. Lc ny trn bn v s xut hin cc v tn cc.
Sa tn cc Tn cc, nu to nh trn, th trnh sa thnh tn cc nh sau: Bc tip theo sa tn cc v v tr nhn tn cc trn mt bng tuyn, ty chnh ny gip mi ngi thit k c cch trnh by khc nhau cho ring mnh. Trn Ribbon chn vo Tab Home sau chn Toolspace. Tip chn Alignmnet
Click vo biu tng ti Alignment hoc c th p chut vo Alignment hin cc danh sch cc tuyn hin c trong bn v
Tip tc click p chut vo tuyen 1, hin cc i tng ca tuyn ny.
Mi tuyn c bn i tng lin quan: Profiles trc dc; Profile Views trc dc; Superelevation Views siu cao; Sample Line Groups nhm cc. Click p chut vo Sample Line Groups. Click tip vo tuyen 1
Click tip vo Sample Lines, danh sch ton b cc trn tuyn s c hin ln.
Di chuyn chut vo vo vng Name sa tn cc, theo mc nh, tn cc chnh l l trnh ca cc. p chut vo Name sa tn.
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Tn cc, ty vo mi ngi thit k v k hoch qun l bn v, t tn. y t tn gi nh nh sau:
Sau khi sa xong, di chuyn chut ra ngoi vng bn v v g lnh RE lm mi khung nhn bn v, lc ton b tn cc s c cp nht.
To tn cc t ng Vi cch sa tn cc nh trn rt tn thi gian nu khu quy hoch c nhiu tuyn ng hoc tuyn ng rt di. li trn thanh Tool to Sample Line
Mc nh tn cc ly theo l trnh, bin tp tn cc tng ng vi tn ng. Chn vo biu tng . Tip hp thoi bin tp tn cc Sample Line xut hin
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Mc nh tn cc l Sample Line Station Value, y l l do ti sao tn cc nu khng c g chnh sa nh phn to cc, th tn cc trng vi l trnh. V d cn nh tn cc cho tuyn ng D1, v d qun l ch tn ng lm tin t cho tn cc, trong vng Name nh D1- thay cho Sample Line Station Value
Tip theo thm s th t cho cc bng cch, nhn biu tng fields c thuc tnh Next Counter hin hnh.
vi Property
Sau di chuyn chut sang vng Incremental number format, dng bin tp s th t nh tn cc.
Gi nguyn mc nh vi khong tn cc bt u nh l 1 v khong tng dn ca tn cc l 1, xong tt c nhn OK ng v thot khi hp thoi Name Template Sau khi bin tp tn cc xong, thc hin cc bc to cc mt cch bnh thng, tn cc xut hin sau khi to nh sau:
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Nh vy , to tn cc vi cch ny s tit kim c rt nhiu thi gian. Th hin tn cc trn mt bng Cn phi bin tp li cch th hin nhn cho Sample Line. Hin c n b chng lp ln nhau, nh vy l khng mch lc. Di chuyn chut vo nhn c trn bn v, chn vo nhn ca Sample Line, sau trn Ribbon chn Edit Label Group
Hp thoi Sample Line Labels tuyen 1, xut hin.
Kiu nhn th hin cho Sample Line Label hin hnh l Section Name, click vo biu tng hiu chnh v bin tp nhn mi. Nn to ra mt loi nhn mi da trn nhn ny, iu ny s gip cho vic lu mu sau ny sang file khc, m khng b trng tn. Sau khi click vo biu tng , hp thoi Pick Label Style xut hin
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Trong hp thoi click vo biu tng Copy Current Selection.
, v click vo mi tn xung, sau chn
Tip tc hp thoi Label Style Composer Section Name xut hin
Click vo Tab Information, trong phn Name, i tn hin c mc nh ca chng trnh Section Nam [Copy] thnh Ten coc (y ch l tn gi nh - ngi dng c th dng tn khc khng nht thit phi ging nh trong ti liu ny)
Chuyn qua Tab General, trong vng Label cho php la chn Text Style la chn font ch cho nhn.
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Text Style mc nh ca chng trnh l Standard, di chuyn chut vo vng Text Style, v click vo biu tng
Hp thoi Select Text Style xut hin, hp thoi ny s lit k ton b TextStyle c trong bn v, y v d chn Standard
Sau khi chn xong click chn OK, ng v thot khi hp thoi Select Text Style, tr li hp thoi Label Style Composer Section Name. Tip theo chuyn qua Tab Layout.
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Trong vng Property, click vo biu tng cho nhn.
ca General bin tp cc thng tin chung
Trong mc General c nhiu thng s ch cn quan tm n cc thng s cn thit hay dng. Di chuyn chn vo phn Name, theo tn mc nh ca chng trnh l Sample Name, p chut vo ch ny v sa thnh Ten Coc.
Vi mt kiu nhn, c th bin tp nhiu ni dung khc nhau, d qun l mi ni dung tng ng nn t tn cho ni dung . V d y bin tp vi kiu nhn Ten Coc vi hai ni dung: tn cc v l trnh. Ni dung l trnh s c trnh by sau khi bin tp ni dung cho Ten Coc xong. Tip theo chn Anchor Point v tr t nhn so vi Sample Line, theo mc nh chng trnh l Start im u ca Sample Line, mi Sample Line c ba v tr tng ng tham chiu v tr nhn, im u Start; im cui End; trung im Middle. Vi nhn Ten
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Coc, ly mc nh ca chng trnh l im u ca Sample Line Start.
Trong phn Text cn quan tm n mc Contents l ni bin tp ni dung cho Sample Line. Click vo dng ch <[Sample Line N sau nhp vo biu tng
Hp thoi Text Component Editor-Contents xut hin
Trong mc Properties c nhiu ni dung bin tp cho Sample Line nh tn cc, l trnh bin tp ni dung mi, nhp vo biu tng din, tip theo nhn vo biu tng Name l tn ca Sample Line. , sau click chn vo ni dung cn biu
ng . Trong v d ny, chn Sample Line
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S thy ni dung va mi bin tp xut hin bn khung phi.
Ch trnh vic chng cho ni dung, trc khi bin tp ni dung mi, nn xa ht nhng ni dung bn khung phi. Sau nhn OK hon tt cng vic v tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer. Trong mc Attachment l v tr text so vi ng Sample line, mc nh l Middle center chn li Middle left.
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Nh vy l in xong tn cc 1 bn Sample line, tip theo l ghi l trnh pha bn cn li ca Sample line. Trong hp thoi Label Style Composer , add thm text cho Sample line, click vo biu tng chn text.
Mt Compoment c to, c tn mc nh l text 1
Trong phn General , i tn text 1 thnh ly trinh cch lm nh phn ten coc.
Trong phn Anchor Point chn End .
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bin tp t tn cc thnh l trnh,vo hp thoi Text Component Editor-Contents ca mc Contents, b dng ch Sample Line Name khung bn phi, sau trong properties chn Sample Line Raw Station ri bm vo biu tng .
Nhn OK chp nhn v tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer. Sau khi khai bo xong, nhn OK tt c thot ra mn hnh lm vic.
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Xut mt ct ngang To trc ngang xut mt ct ngang vo Sections Create Multiple Section Views
Hp thoi Create Multiple Section Views General xut hin.
Trong : Select alignment : Sample line group name Tn tuyn xut mt ct ngang Tn sample xut mt ct ngang
Sau khi chn tuyn cn xut mt ct ngang xong, nhn Create Section Views to trc ngang, cc thng s trong hp thoi ny c th b qua, v c th sa i sau khi to trc ngang.
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Trc ngang va to c th vn cha c b mt t nhin, thit k v mt ct ng.
add thm b mt t nhin v b mt thit k vo trc ngang lm n sau : chn vo trc ngang, di chuyn chut ln thanh cng c Ribbon chn vo Sample More Sources .
Hp thoi Section Sources xut hin
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Bn khung tri l tn nhng b mt c sng, khung phi l tn nhng b mt ang c trn mt ct ngang. add thm nhng b mt bn khung tri qua mt ct ngang bn khung phi, th chn vo b mt ri nhn , s thy tn b mt va add xut hin bn khung phi.Trong v d ny s thm b mt Tu nhien v b mt mat cat duong so 1 xa b b mt ang c trn trc ngang (bn pha khung phi) th chn vo tn b mt ri nhn .
Sao khi thm xong nhng b mt cn th hin trn mt trc ngang th nhn OK tr v mn hnh lm vic.
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Trc khi ghi cc cao v khong cch mia, chnh sa trc ngang cn i hn, tn cc ti v tr trc ngang v tt bt cc li, cao hai bn trc ngang. Chn vo li ca trc ngang, di chuyn chut ln thanh Ribbon click vo Section View Properties chn Edit Section View Style.
Hp thoi Section View Style Road Section xut hin
Chuyn sang Tab Gid hiu chnh trc ngang cn i hn
Trong phn Gid options nh du tick vo Omit grid padding areas v Omit grid in padding areas.
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Trong phn Grid padding (major grids) thay i cc thng s sau: Above maximum elevation: sa thnh 1 To left: sa thnh 0.1 Below datum: sa thnh 0 To right: sa thnh 0.1 Cc thng s ny ch l kinh nghim, c th sa theo mun ca ngi thit k.
Sau khi chnh sa xong chuyn sang Tab Display tt bt cc layer khng cn thit
Tt cc layer sau Left Axis, Left Axis Annotation Major, Left Axis Tick Major, Right Axis, Right Axis Annotation Major, Right Axis Tick Major, Top Axis.
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Sau khi tt bt cc layer xong chuyn sang Tab Title Annotation sa li tn cc ti v tr trc ngang. Tn cc s bao gm tn cc v Km.V d : Cc C3, Km: 0+040.00
Trong mc Graph view title sa Text height thnh 2mm. Mc nh ca chng trnh tn trc ngang l l trnh, nn sa li thnh tn cc bng cch trong phn Graph view title mc Title content click vo biu tng .
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Title Text xut hin. Xa ht phn text trong khung pha bn phi.
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Sau in vo t CC: vo khung bn phi
Trong phn Properties click vo biu tng
chn Sample Line Name
Sau nhn vo biu tng trong khung bn phi
, s thy xut hin ni dung va mi bin son xut hin
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Nhn phm Enter xung hng, vo r vo t Km:
Trong phn Properties click vo biu tng .
chn Section View Station, ri nhn nt
Bn khung phi s thy xut hin ni dung va bin son
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Sau nhn OK tr v Tab Tab Title Annotation ca hp thoi Section View Style Road Section. phn Title position mc Y offset l v tr tn trc ngang so vi phn trc ngang sa li thnh -5mm, trong phn Border around the title l ng bao quanh tn trc ngang, nn b du tick pha trc.
Sau khi chnh sa xong nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic
Th hin cc thng s tn trc ngang Cc thng s c bn ca mt ct ngang bao gm: 1. Cao t nhin. 2. Khong cch mia t nhin. 3. Cao thit k.
4. Khong cch mia thit k. 5. To ng ging cho trc ngang.

6. Ghi dc ngang cho b mt ng. 7. To k hiu c tim ng cho trc ngang 8. p trc ngang mi va to cho ton b trc ngang
1.Cao t nhin Chn vo trc ngang, a chut ln thanh Ribbon click vo Section View Properties chn Section View Properties
Hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) xut hin . (0+020.00(2) tn l trnh ca mt ct ngang ang lm vic).
Trong Tab Band, phn List of bands, khung trng pha di cha danh sch nhng mc th hin trn trc ngang, mc nh chng trnh c 1 hng, nn xa mc nh ny bng cch click vo hng ny ri nhn .
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Sau khi xa xong, bt u vic bin tp cao t nhin. Bc 1 Chn loi d liu (Band Style) v to tn nhn mi mc Band type mc nh l Section data, gi nguyn mc nh ny. mc Select band style mc nh l EG Elevations gi ngyn mc nh ny, v copy ra mt style mi bng cch nhp vo biu tng v click chn Copy Current Seclection.
Hp thoi Section Data Band Style EG Elevations [Copy] xut hin.
Trong Tab Information ,phn Name l tn ca Style mi, mc nh l EG Elevations [Copy] , nn i li, tin cho vic qun l v sa cha sau ny. V d i li l CDTN.
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc ngang v kch tht khung d liu:
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Tip tc chn vo Tab Band Details, trong phn Title text chn vo Compose label bin tp tn tiu d liu trc ngang.
Trong mc General phn Anchor Point l v tr ca text tiu trong khung tiu . Chn Middle Left.
mc Text, trong phn Contents l ni dung text tiu u. Click vo dng ch EXISTING ELEVATIONS sau click vo biu tng .
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Contents xut hin. Xa ht dng ch EXISTING ELEVATIONS bn khung phi.
Sau in tn tiu vo. V d in tn l CAO T NHIN.
Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer Band Title. Trong phn Text Height l cao ch tiu , kinh nghim sa li l 0.5
Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section Data Band Style CDTN. Tip tc chnh sa kch thc ca Band mc Layout
Gi tr chnh sa Band height v Text box width nh sau
Vy l kch thc tiu d liu trc ngang c bin tp. Bc 3: Hiu chnh ni dung d liu trc ngang
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Trong hp thoi Section Data Band Style CDTN ch n mc Labels and ticks. Trong mc ny cn quan tm n 3 phn Grade Breaks, Incremental Distance . Chn vo loi nhn Grade Breaks ri click vo Composer label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer Grade Breaks xut hin
Trong hp thoi ny, to ni dung bin tp mi, nhn vo biu tng
chn Text
Style mi c to, tn mc nh l Text.1
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Sa tn ny trong mc General phn Name. V d sa thnh CDTN
Trong phn Anchor Point l v tr d liu trong band, mc nh l Band Top, sa li thnh Band Middle.
bin tp ni dung d liu, trong mc Text phn Contents click vo ch Label Text tip tc click vo biu tng .
Hp thoi Text Compoment Editor Contents xut hin . Xa b dng ch Label Text trong khung pha bn phi
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phn Properties click vo biu tng
chn Section 1 Elevation
Tip theo nhn nt
, s thy ni dung d liu cao va mi add bn khung phi.
Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer Grade Breaks . mc Text tip tc chnh sa kch thc v gc xoay text d liu.
Text Height l chiu cao text d liu sa li thnh 0.4mm, Rotation Angle l gc quay text d liu sa li 90 . Chnh sa li theo kinh nghim nh sau:
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Sau khi khai bo xong d liu nhn OK thot ra khi hp thoi Label Style Composer Grade Breaks tr v hp thoi Section Data Band Style CDTN. Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc ngang. Trong hp thoi Section Data Band Style CDTN, chuyn qua Tab Display
Trong Tab ny, tt ci layer Ticks at Major Increments, Ticks at Centerline, Label at Major Increments, Label at Centerline. M layer Label at Grade Breaks.
Sau nhn OK thot khi hp thoi Section Data Band Style CDTN , tr v hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) . Trong mc Select Band style xut hin nhn CDTN mi va to. add nhn ny vo trc ngang bm vo biu tng .
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Thy 1 hng mi xut hin trong khung pha bn di
Sa gi tr Gap t 12.50mm thnh 0mm, l khong cch t khung d liu trc ngang n phn v trc ngang.
Section 1 l tn mt ct b mt th hin d liu, chn b mt t nhin. Weeding l khong cch ti thiu thay i dc s ghi d liu. i vi b mt t nhin, kinh nghim l 1m.
Sau khi khai bo xong, nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic.
2. Bin tp khong cch mia t nhin Chn vo trc ngang chn Section View Properties - Section View Properties ri vo hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) tng t nh phn trn.
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bin tp khong cch mia, vn thc hin cc bc nh bin tp cao t nhin. Bc 1 La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi Thc hin tng t nh bc 1 phn cao t nhin. Ch khc ch khi to nhn mi cho khong cch l, ng ti v tr nhn va to ( CDTN) Copy Current Selection.
Hp thoi Section Data Band Styel-CDTN [Copy] xut hin, v sa tn mc nh ny li thnh KC MIA TN.
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc ngang v kch thc khung d liu Thc hin tng t nh bc 2 trong phn bin tp tn tiu d liu cao t nhin. Ch khc ch khi to tiu cho d liu trc ngang, thay v ghi CAO T NHIN th sa li thnh KHONG CCH MIA.
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Bc 3: Hiu chnh d liu trc ngang Trong Tab Band Details mc Labels and ticks chn Centerline sau b du Tick pha trc Top v Bottom
Tip theo chn Grade Breaks tick chut vo Full band height ticks.
Sau chn Incremental Distance ri click vo Compose label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer-Incremental Distance xut hin
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Trong phn Component name click vo biu tng
ri chn Line
Ni dung Component line xut hin, nhng khng cn quan tm, cn xa Component ny i bng cch nhn vo biu tng
Sau tr v Component: Incremental Distance . Trong mc General phn Archor Point chn Length Mid - Band Middle.
Trong mc Text phn Text Height sa thnh 0.4mm. Phn Attachment sa thnh Middle center.
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Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section Data Band Styel-KC MIA TN. Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc ngang. Chuyn sang Tab Display, tt layer : Label at Grade Breaks, m cc layer : Ticks at Grade Breaks v Label at Incremental Distance.
Sau khi bin tp xong nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2). Trong phn Select band style xut hin style KC MIA TN va mi bin son, nhn vo nt thm style mi vo trc ngang.
Thy xut hin Style KC MIA TN trong khung, nm pha di style CDTN, cc thng s Gap, Section 1 v Weeding hiu chnh ging nh style CDTN.
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Hiu chnh xong, nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic thy trc ngang nh sau:
3. Bin tp cao thit k Chn vo trc ngang chn Section View Properties - Section View Properties ri vo hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) tng t nh phn trn. Bin tp cao thit k s khng thc hin nhiu bc nh bin tp cao t nhin m s ngn hn, do k tha style ca cao t nhin v ch sa li b mt tham chiu t cao t nhin thnh cao thit k. Bc 1 La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi Thc hin tng t nh bc 1 phn cao t nhin. Ch khc ch khi to nhn mi cho cao thit k, ng ti v tr nhn CDTN Copy Current Selection.(Tng t nh to nhn mi cho Khong cch l).
Hp thoi Section Data Band Styel-CDTN [Copy] xut hin, v sa tn mc nh ny li thnh CDTK.
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc ngang v kch thc khung d liu Thc hin tng t nh bc 2 trong phn bin tp tn tiu d liu cao t nhin. Ch khc ch khi to tiu cho d liu trc ngang, sa dng ch CAO T NHIN thnh CAO THIT K.
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Bc 3: Hiu chnh d liu trc ngang Do style cao thit k Copy Current t style cao t nhin, m cch th hin v ni dung cao thit k tng t nh cao t nhin, ch khc b mt tham chiu, nn trong bin tp style cao thit k, b qua bc ny. Nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc ngang. Trong hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) phn Select band style xut hin style CDTK mi va copy current t CDTN. Nhn nt thit k vo trc ngang. thm ni dung cao
Ni dung cao thit k xut hin trong khung bn di cao thit k v khong cch mia.
Hiu chnh cc thng s th hin trc ngang nh sau:

- Gap : 0mm - Section 1 : chn b mt tham chiu l b mt ng.
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- Weeding sa li thnh 0.4mm. y l con s kinh nghim, c th thay i theo
mun ngi thit k.
Sau khi bin tp xong, nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic
4. Bin tp khong cch l thit k. Chn vo trc ngang chn Section View Properties - Section View Properties ri vo hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) tng t nh cc phn trn. Bin tp khong cch l thit k s khng thc hin nhiu bc nh bin tp khong cch mia t nhin m s ngn hn, do k tha style khong cch mia t nhin v ch sa li b mt tham chiu t cao t nhin thnh cao thit k. Bc 1 La chn loi d liu (Band type) v to tn nhn mi to nhn mi cho khong cch l thit k, ng ti v tr nhn KC MIA TN chn Copy Current Selection copy ra mt style mi k tha nhng ni cung ca style c.
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Hp thoi Section Data Band Styel-KC MIA TN [Copy] xut hin, v sa tn li thnh KC LE TK.
Bc 2: Ghi tn u trc ngang v kch thc khung d liu Thc hin tng t nh bc 2 trong phn bin tp tn tiu d liu KHONG CCH MIA T NHIN. Ch khc ch khi to tiu cho d liu trc ngang, sa dng ch KHONG CCH MIA li thnh KC L THIT K.
Bc 3: Hiu chnh d liu trc ngang Do style KC L TK c Copy Current t style KC MIA TN, m cch th hin v ni dung th tng t nhau, ch khc b mt tham chiu, nn trong bin tp style KC L TK, b qua bc ny. Nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) Bc 4: Hiu chnh cch th hin ni dung trc ngang. Trong hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) phn Select band style xut hin style KC LE TK mi va to. Nhn nt thm ni dung ny vo trc ngang.
Ni dung khong cch l thit k xut hin trong khung bn di cao thit k, khong cch mia v cao thit k.
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Hiu chnh cc thng s th hin trc ngang Style KC LE TK ging nh style CDTK:
Sau khi bin tp xong, nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic
5. To ng dng cho b mt t nhin v thit k Phn 1 To ng dng cho b mt t nhin Chn vo ng b mt t nhin, ri a chut ln thanh Ribbon click vo Edit Section Labels
Hp thoi Section Labels tn xut hin
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Trong hp thoi ny, phn Type click vo biu tng
chn Grade Breaks
Trong phn Section Grade Break Label Style, ng trn nhn FG Section Offset and Elevation copy current mt nhn mi bng cch click vo Selection v chn Copy Current
Hp thoi Label Style Composer- FG Section Offset and Elevation [Copy] xut hin
Tn mc nh ca Style ny l FG Section Offset and Elevation [Copy] nn sa li d qun l v sa i sau ny. V d sa li thnh KC MIA .
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Sau chuyn sang Tab Layout
Trong Tab Layout cn quan tm n Component name, click chut vo biu tng thy xut hin tn 3 Component l line, Elevation v Offset.
Cn xa cc Component: Elevation v Offset bng cch click vo tn Component mun xa ri nhn biu tng . Xa Elevation
Xa Component Offset.
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Sau khi xa xong ch cn li Component line. Trong Component line, phn General mc Use End Point Anchor chn True.
Trong phn General mc End Point Anchor Point chn Anchor Grade Break Extension
Trong phn Line mc Start Point X Offset sa li thnh 0mm
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Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section Labels tn. Trong hp thoi ny, ti phn Section Grade Break Label Style thy xut hin Style KC MIA mi va to, thm vo mt trc ngang th nhn vo biu tng .
Sau khi add xong s thy style KC MIA trong khung pha di
Trong hnh style KC MIA cn chnh sa li cc thng s sau:

- Dim anchor opt : l v tr ng dng neo trn trc ngang mc nh l Distance
above, click vo v chn li l Graph view bottom.
- Dim anchor val l gi tr chiu di ng dng neo trn trc ngang, mc nh l
38mm, sa li thnh 0mm.

- Wedding tng t nh phn trn, i vi b mt t nhin sa li thnh 1m
Sau khi khai bo xong nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic
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Phn 2 To ng dng cho b mt ng Trc khi to ng dng cho b mt ng tt ht cc ng li ca trc ngang bng cch chn vo trc ngang vo Section View Properties ri chn Edit Section View Style
Hp thoi Section View Style-Road Section xut hin, chuyn sang Tab Display v tt layer Gid Vertical major
Sao nhn OK tr v mn hnh lm vic, thy trn trc ngang mt li thng ng:
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to ng dng cho ng thit k, chn vo b mt ng thit k, ri a chut ln thanh Ribbon vo Edit Section Labels.
Hp thoi Section Labels-mat cat duong so 1 mat cat duong so 1-(1) xut hin
Trong phn Type chn Grade Breaks tng t nh phn 1
phn Section Major Offset Label Style khng cn to copy style mi,nhn vo biu tng thy c style KC MIA va to phn 1.
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Chn vo style KC MIA sau nhn vo biu tng
Thy xut hin style KC MIA trong khung bn di
Chnh li cc thng s Dim anchor opt v Dim anchor val ging nh phn 1, ring phn Wedding sa li thnh 0.4m
Sau khi chnh sa hon tt, nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic
6. Ghi dc ngang ng ln mt ct ngang Vi kiu mt ct ngang mc nh ca chng trnh nh sau:

Trc tin hiu chnh b kiu th hatch cc lp vt liu ca mt ct ngang. Sau s th hin dc ngang ng v dc ca mi taluy. Di chuyn chut chn vo mt ct ngang.
7. To c tim ng cho trc ngang Trc ht phi to 1 block c dng c tim ng c im t gc. V d tn l cay co.
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Chn vo trc ngang, Click vo Section View Properties chn Section View Properties hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) xut hin. Trong phn Select band style chn CDTN ri click vo biu tng chn Edit Current Selection
Hp thoi Section Data Band Style-CDTN xut hin
Trong hp thoi ny quan tm n phn Labels and ticks Centerline. Click vo Centerline chn Compose label
Hp thoi Label Style Composer Centerline xut hin.
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Trong phn Component CL cn quan tm phn Text mc Text Height sa chiu cao ch thnh 0.4mm.
Sau click vo biu tng
chn Block.
Component Block 1 xut hin
Trong phn General mc Name tn mc nh ny Block 1, sa li thnh cay co

Trong phn Block click vo Block name sau click vo biu tng
Hp thoi Select a Block xut hin, chn tn Block mi va to cay co.
Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Label Style Composer Centerline. Trong mc Block Height chn chiu cao l 14mm.
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Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section Data Band Style-CDTN. Trong hp thoi Section Data Band Style-CDTN chuyn sang Tab Display m layer Label at Centerline.
Sau khi khai bo xong nhn OK tr v mp phng lm vic. By gi c mt mt trc ngang hon chnh:
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8. p trc d liu ngang mi va to cho ton b trc ngang. Ch , c th trc ngang c chiu rng qu nhiu sao vi chiu rng ng, thu nh trc ngang ph hp vi chiu rng ng. chnh trc ngang th phi chnh li chiu di ng Sample line cch lm nh sau: Trn mt bng ng, chn vo ng Sample line a chut ln thanh Ribbon chn Group Properties
Hp thoi Sample Line Group Properties-SL Collection-1
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Trong khung Sample lines chn tt c cc ng Sample line bng cch: chn vo sample line hng u tin, sau gi phm Shift ri chn vo dng cui cng.
ct Left Offset click vo chiu di ng Sample line v sa thnh chiu di mun th hin. v d ny, sa 20m thnh 15m.
Sau nhn Enter ton b ct Left Offset chuyn thnh 15m
Lm tng t vi Right Offset ta cng c kt qu sau:
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Sau khi sa xong, ng Sample ngn li so vi ban u. ng thi trn trc ngang, th hin ng b mt t nhin cng thu ngn li
chnh sa trc ngang cn i hn, chn vo trc ngang, a chut ln thanh Ribbon chn vo View Group Properties click vo View Group Properties.
Hp thoi Section View Group Properties-Section View Group-1 xut hin
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Trong phn Section view list quan tm n mc Offset and Elevation ri click vo bi tng .
Hp thoi Edit Offset and Elevation Ranges Section View Group 1 xut hin
Trong Tab Offset Range mc Offset range chn tick vo User specified
Sau sa cc thng s trong khung Left thnh -16m v Right thnh 16m.
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Sau nhn OK tt c thot ra mn hnh lm vic
p trc ngang mi va to thc hin qua cc bc sau y: Bc 1 Lu mu trc ngang mi va to Chn vo trc ngang to hon chnh a chut ln thanh Ribbon chn Section View Properties - Section View Properties ri vo hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) tng t nh cc phn trn. Trong hp thoi Section View Properties 0+020.00(2) phn Object style mc nh chng trnh l Road Section.
ng trn Road Section click vo biu tng
chn Copy current Selection
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Hp thoi Section View Style-Road Section [Copy] xut hin
Tab Information phn Name l tn style trc ngang ng, mc nh l Road Section [Copy] , sa li tn ny thnh Style TCVN d qun l sau ny.
Sau nhn OK thot khi hp thoi. Style mi Style TCVN c to.
Sau chuyn sang Tab Band. cui khung click vo Save as band set
Hp thoi Section View Band Set New Section View Band Set xut hin
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Chuyn sang Tab Information trong phn Name l tn Band s lu mi, mc nh l New Section View Band Set, nn i tn li l Band VN
Sau nhn OK tt c thot ra mn hnh lm vic Nh vy nhp xong mu mi. Bc 2 p trc mu ngang mi lu. Chn vo mt trc ngang bt k, ri di chuyn chut ln thanh Ribbon click vo View Goup Properties chn View Goup Properties.
Hp thoi Section View Properties Section View Group 1 xut hin.
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Trong phn Section view list ct Style l cch th hin ca trc ngang, mc nh l Road Section, sa li bng cch click vo Road Section hp thoi Pick Section View style xut hin.
Trong hp thoi ny click vo biu tng
chn Style TCVN mi va to bc 1.
Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section View Properties Section View Group 1, ct Style tt c chuyn sang Style TCVN.
Trong phn Section view list ct Change Band Set click vo biu tng
Hp thoi Section View Goup Bands - Section View Group 1 xut hin
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gc phi hp thoi, click vo Import band set
Hp thoi Band Set xut hin
Click vo biu tng
chn style Band VN va to bc 1.
Sau nhp OK tr v hp thoi Section View Goup Bands - Section View Group 1. Xut hin cc band trong khung :
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Trn cc Band style chnh sa li b mt tham chiu bng cch sa li Surface 1 v Surface 2 nh sau : i vi CDTN v KC MIA TN th chn b mt t nhin; cn i vi CDTK v KC LE TK th chn b mt ng thit k
Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section View Properties Section View Group 1. Bc 3 Chnh ng dng v ghi dc ngang Trong hp thoi Section View Properties Section View Group 1 chuyn sang Tab Section .
Bin tp ng dng cho ng t nhin. Trong phn Edit section option quan tm n ct Change Labels mc b mt t nhin tn click vo ch <Edit>
Hp thoi Select Label Set xut hin
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Trong hp thoi ny click vo biu tng
chn vo EG Section Labels
ng trn style EG Section Labels click vo biu tng
chn Copy Current Selection
Hp thoi Section Label Set New Section Labels Set xut hin.
Trong Tab Information phn Name i tn li thnh Tu nhien d qun l.
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Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Select Label Set, xut hin Style Tu nhien va to
Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Section View Properties Section View Group 1. Ghi dc ngang cho b mt ng thit k. Trong ct Change Labels mc b mt doc ngang duong click vo ch <Edit>
Hp thoi Select Label Set xut hin. Click vo biu tng
chn EG Section Labels.
ng trn EG Section Labels click vo chn Copy Current Selection Hp thoi Selection Label Set New Section Label Set xut hin. Tng t nh cc bc Bin tp ng dng cho b mt ng t nhin. Trong Tab Information phn Name sa li l dc ngang d qun l.
Chuyn sang Tab Labels. Trong phn Type click vo biu tng
chn Segments.
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Trong khung di tn ti sng mt style KC MIA, nn xa style ny i bng cch click vo style cn xa, ri nhn vo biu tng
phn Section Segment Label Style mc nh l Percent Grade click vo biu tng chn style do doc
Nhn nt
thm vo mt trc ngang.
Thy xut hin Style do doc trong khung.
Nhn OK tr v hp thoi Select Label Set.
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Nhn OK tr v hp thoi Section View Properties Section View Group 1. Bin tp ng dng cho b mt ng thit k. Trong hp thoi Section View Properties Section View Group 1. Trong ct Change Labels mc b mt b mt ng thit k click vo ch <Edit>
Hp thoi Select Label Set xut hin chn EG Section Labels. ng trn EG Section Labels click vo chn Copy Current Selection. Hp thoi Selection Label Set New Section Label Set xut hin. Tng t nh cc bc Bin tp ng dng cho b mt ng t nhin. Trong Tab Information phn Name sa li l Thit k d qun l.
Chuyn sang Tab Labels. C sng style KC MIA trong khung, sa phn Weeding li thnh 0.4mm.
Sau khi khai bo xong, nhn OK tt c tr v mn hnh lm vic. Tt c trc ngang c hon chnh.
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TNH TON KHI LNG O P Khi tnh ton khi lng, c th s dng mt trong ba phng php sau: Average End Area Method (tnh ton trung bnh hai mt ct), Prismoidal Method (tnh ton trung bnh k thm mt ct ti im gia hai mt ct ), Composite Method (tnh ton theo din tch thc ca Polygon gia hai mt ct).

Nu din tch o p gia hai mt ct lin tip c hnh dng tng t nhau nn dng Average End Area Method. Nu din tch o p gia hai mt ct lin tip chnh nhau ln, nn dng Prismoidal Method khi lng c chnh hn Phng php Composite Method tnh chnh xc din tch b mt, khng s dng cng thc tnh ton khi lng gia hai cc. Phng php ny nn dng khi phng ca hai cc ca hai mt ct lin tip nhau khng i xng nhau qua tim, c ngha l c mt u ln hn v mt nh hn.
Average End Area Method Cng thc tnh ca phng php Average End Area Trong :
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L: khong cch gia hai mt ct (m) L V = ( A1 + A 2 ) (m3) 2 A1: din tch ca mt th nht (m2) A2: din tch ca mt th nht (m2) V: khi lng (m3) Prismoidal Method Phng php tnh Prismoidal tng t nh phng php tnh Average End Area nhng c b sung thm mt mt ct vo khong gia hai mt ct. Cng thc tnh ca phng php Prismoidal
Trong : L: khong cch gia hai mt ct (m) V= L A1 + A1 A 2 + A 2 (m3) 3
A1: din tch ca mt th nht (m2) A2: din tch ca mt th nht (m2) V: khi lng (m3)
Composite Method Phng php Composite ch tnh ton c khi lng cho hai b mt, khng tnh c cho cc shape ca corridor. Tnh ton khi lng theo phng php Composite, AutoCAD Civil3D s to ra mt polygon gia hai cc, sau tnh khi lng ca polygon ny. Polygon c to ra bng cch ni cc im u cui gia hai cc. Xem hnh 5.1 biu din polygon c to ra gia hai cc. Nu khong cch tnh t tim ng n mp ngoi ca cc l nh nhau th mt ng s c to ra song song vi tim tuyn ni hai cc li vi nhau (1) Nu khong cch tnh t tim ng n mp ngoi ca cc khng bng nhau, th mt ng thng s c to ra ni hai cc, ng ny khng song song vi tim tuyn (2) Khi lng tng c tnh t Polygon c to t hai cc, tc l hai ng Sample Line cng vi ng s 1 v ng s 2.
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Khi lng tnh cng dn nn n ch c khi n mt ct th hai ca polygon. Mt ct u tin ch c din tch khng c khi lng. Hnh 2. Biu din cch tnh khi lng theo phng php Composite Method
1.S lc cc bc tnh ton khi lng o p ng trong Civil Bc 1 : To b mt y khun cho lng ng v va h To b mt y khun lng ng v va h, l b mt t lp kt cu o ng.
Bc 2 : Tnh ton din tch o p Tnh ton din tch o p ti l trnh bt k l: Din tch p = ng b mt y khun ng ng b mt t nhin Din tch o = ng b mt t nhin din tch y khun ng Sau khi tnh ton din tch xong, trn trc ngang s th hin vng o p l v lng ng. Ch : Trong Civil khng lp cng thc tnh khi lng o p, m ch tnh ton din tch da trn nguyn tc tr hai b mt.
Bc 3: Th hin phn din tch o p trn tng mt ct ngang Sau khi khai bo xong cng thc, tin hnh ghi din tch o p ln ton b trc ngang.
Bc 4: Tnh khi lng o p Xut din tch o p tng trc ngang ti cc l trnh qua Excel v lp cng thc tnh ton khi lng o p. Ch . Trong qu trnh tnh ton, tnh d khi lng o p ca 1 phn b va h, nn khi tnh tng khi lng xong, tr i phn tnh ton tha ny ra. Phn tha ra ny tnh bng cch: tnh din tch tha ra ri nhn vi chiu di ng.
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2.Tnh ton khi lng o p Bc 1 : To b mt y khun o cho lng ng v va h Trc khi tin hnh to b mt cho y khun ng, nn tt bt cc b mt khc, d dng vic qun l cc b mt c to sau ny. Nu mun d dng quan st hn, th nn chia mn hnh thnh 2 phn trong View-Viewports. Chn vo mt ct Corridor trn mt bng tuyn, a chut ln thanh Ribbon click vo Corridor Surfaces.
Hp thoi Corridor Surfaces-mat cat duong so 1 xut hin
Trong Tab Surfaces click vo biu tng b mt ng.
, b mt mi c to, xut hin bn di
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Trong ct Name l tn b mt mi va to, tn mc nh trong v d ny l mat cat duong so 1 - (5) sa li thnh y khun lng ng.
Trong phn Add data mc Specify code click vo
chn SubBase
Sau nhn vo biu tng
add vo b mt y khun lng ng
Dng SubBase xut hin bn di dng b mt y khun lng ng. ct Add as Breakline click vo trng bn di.
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Trn hng day khuon long duong ct Overhang Correction click vo ch None chn Bottom Links.
Sau chuyn sang Tab Boundaries, right click vo b mt day khuon long duong chn Add Automatically chn Back_Curb
Nhp OK tr v mn hnh lm vic, b mt y khun lng ng c to, xut hin ng ng mc di lng ng.
Tip tc to b mt y khun va h, bng cch tng t nh to b mt cho y khun lng ng. Ch khc 1 s im nh sau:
Trong hp thoi Corridor Surfaces-mat cat duong so 1 sau khi to b mt mt mi, t tn l khun y va h
Trong phn Add data mc Specify code chn Sidewalk
Sau nhn biu tng add vo b mt mi c to. Tick vo Add as Breakline v ct Overhang Corretion chn Bottom Links.
Sau nhn OK tr v mn hnh lm vic.
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Tuy b mt y khun va h c to nhng vn cha hon chnh, v b mt va to trn ra c lng ng, nn phi lm n cc tnh cht ca b mt ny trn lng ng. Cch thc hin nh sau: -V ng polyline kn bao quanh lng ng, ranh gii ng polyline l mp trong va h.
xc nh chnh xc ng ny trn mc bng tuyn, lm nh sau: trn thanh Menu theo ng dn sau : Corridor Utilities Create Polyline from Corridor
Xut hin biu tng v dng lnh Select a corridor feature line trong Command. Sau chn vo 2 ng thng mp trong ca 2 bn va h.
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Hp thoi xut hin, v trn mt bng ng mp trong ca va h (Sidewalk_In), trng vi mp ngoi ca b va (Back_Curb). Chn Sidewalk_In ri nhn OK. (chn Back_Curb cng c, khng quan trng g ch cn to ng polyline).
Dng lnh lp li, v tip tc chn vo ng mp trong va h pha bn kia. Sau khi chn xong, nhn phm kt thc dng lnh. Hai ng polyline c to
Tuy nhin y l Polyline 3D, khng th ni li thnh Polyline kn c, ni thnh ng kn th phi chuyn thnh ng Polyline 2D, v phi c cng cao . a chut ln thanh Menu chn Grading Polyline Utilities Convert 3D to 2D Polyline.
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Sau click vo 2 polyline mi va to ri nhn phm kt thc lnh. Tip tc nhp 2 ng polyline, dng lnh MO chuyn cao (Elevation) v 0.
V nhng ng thng bao kn lng ng
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Trn thanh cng c Toolspace chn Surface khuon day via he
Trong phn Definition right click vo Boundaries chn Add
Hp thoi Add Boundaries xut hin, trong phn Type chn Hide
Nhp OK, sao click vo polyline kn va to ra trn
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Ri nhn phm kt thc lnh. B mt khun va h s mt nhng ng ng mc trn lng ng.
Sau khi to b mt y khun ng, tip theo l add b mt mi va to ln trc ngang. thm b mt va to ln trc ngang, chn vo trc ngang, trn thanh Ribbon chn Sample More Sources.
Trong hp thoi Section Sources Add>> 2 b mt va to khung Available sources vo khung Sampled sources
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d quan st v qun l nn i Style ca ng b mt y khun ng trn trc ngang bng cch nhp vo ct Style ca b mt khuon day via he mc nh l Finished Ground
Hp thoi Pick Section style xut hin, ng trn style Finished Ground chn Copy Current Selection.
Hp thoi Section Style-Finished Ground [Copy]
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Trong Tab Information phn Name mc nh l Finished Ground [Copy] sa li l y khun.
Sa chuyn sang Tab Display trong phn Component display ct Color click vo chn li mu cho style th hin r nt hn trn trc ngang.
Sau nhn OK ng , Style day khuon c to
Nhn OK tr v hp thoi Sampled sources.
Lm tng t cho b mt day khuon long duong nhng khng cn Copy current Selection m chn style mi va to.
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Sau nhn OK tt c tr v mt phng lm vic. S xut hin nhng ng mu ngay bn di lp kt cu o ng.
Bc 1 xong, chuyn sang bc 2. Bc 2 : Tnh ton din tch o p Tnh ton din tch o p nn ng. Chn vo trc ngang , trn thanh Ribbon chn Compute Materials
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Hp thoi Seclect a Sample Line Group xut hin, chn tuyn ng tnh khi lng o p.
Nhn OK ng la chn. Hp thoi Compute Materials-SL Collection-1 xut hin
Trong ct Object Name click vo <Click here to set all> hng EG ca Surfaces.
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Sau chn b mt t nhin.
Trong ct Object Name click vo <Click here to set all> hng DATUM ca Surfaces.
Chn b mt y khun lng ng
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Sau nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic, s thy ng vin mu xanh l bao quanh phn din tch p lng ng, v ng vin mu bao quanh phn din tch o lng ng.
Tnh ton din tch o p va h. Chn vo trc ngang , trn thanh Ribbon chn Compute Materials. Hp thoi Seclect a Sample Line Group xut hin, chn tuyn ng tnh khi lng o p. Tng t nh phn Tnh ton din tch o p lng ng. Hp thoi Compute Materials-SL Collection-1 xut hin. Trong hp thoi click vo Import another criteria gc phi bn di hp thoi
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Hp thoi Seclect a Quantity Takeoff Criteria xut hin
Nhn OK ng . Hp thoi Compute Materials-SL Collection xut hin
Tng t nh phn Tnh ton din tch o p lng ng. Trong ct Object Name click vo <Click here to set all> hng EG ca Surfaces chn b mt t nhin.
Trong ct Object Name click vo <Click here to set all> hng DATUM ca Surfaces chn b mt y khun va h.
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Sau nhn OK tr v hp thoi Compute Materials-SL Collection-1. Trong khung Material Name c hai phn tnh ton, tn mc nh l Material List - (3) v Material List - (4)
Nn sa li tn mc nh ny d qun l sau ny. V d, Material List - (3) i thnh o p lng ng ; Material List - (4) i thnh o p va h.
Sau nhn OK tr v mt phng lm vic. Xut hin ng vin mu xanh l bao quanh phn din tch p va h, v ng vin mu bao quanh phn din tch o va h .
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Bc 3: Th hin phn din tch o p trn tng mt ct ngang Sau khi c phn din tch o p, bt u th hin din tch o p trn tng trc ngang. Th hin din tch cho phn o p lng ng Chn vo trc ngang, trn thanh Ribbon click vo View Group Properties chn View Group Properties.
Hp thoi Section View Group Properties Section View Group 1 xut hin. Trong hp thoi ny, ct Change Volume Tables ca phn Section view list click vo biu tng .
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Hp thoi Change Volume Tables Section View Group 1 xut hin
Trong phn Type click vo biu tng
chn Total Volume
Trong phn Select table style, style mc nh l Basic, ng trn style ny,click vo biu tng chn Copy Current Selection.
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Hp thoi Table Style Basic [Copy] xut hin
Trong Tab Information, phn Name tn mc nh l Basic [Copy] i li thnh din tch lng ng.
Trong hp thoi, chuyn sang Tab Data Properties. Trong Tab ny cn quan tm n phn Structure. Trong bng Total Volume at Station xa i cc ct Cut Vol, Fill Vol, Cum Cut Vol, Cum Fill Vol, Net Vol bng cch chn vo ct cn xa ri nhp vo biu tng .
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Ch li 2 ct l Cut Area (din tch o) v Fill Area (din tch p). Sau double click vo vng ch <[Cut Area at Station( ca ct Cut Area, v hng Column Value.
Hp thoi Text Component Editor Column Contents xut hin
Trong hp thoi, khung bn pha phi, thm ch DT O LNG NG: vo pha trc dng ch <[Cut Area at Station(Usq_m|P2|RN|Sn|OF|AP)]>, v thm ch m2 vo pha sau
Sau nhp OK tr v hp thoi Table Style dao dap long duong Tip tc double click vo vng ch <[Fill Area at Station( ca ct Fill Area v hng Column Value.
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Hp thoi Text Component Editor Column Contents xut hin. Trong hp thoi, khung bn pha phi, thm ch DT P LNG NG: vo pha trc dng ch <[Fill Area at Station(Usq_m|P2|RN|Sn|OF|AP)]>, v thm ch m2 vo pha sau
Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Table Style dien tich long duong. Trong phn Text settings chnh sa chiu cao ch nh sau: (y ch l chiu cao ch ly kinh nghim, c th ly theo mun ca ngi thit k)
Sau chuyn sang Tab Display tt tt c cc layer ch li layer Data Text
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Nhp OK tr v hp thoi Change Volume Tables Section View Group 1. Style mi dien tich long duong c to, nhp vo nt ngang. thm style vo trc
Trong khung List of volume tables xut hin style mi va thm vo
Ch click vo ct Material list chn mc tnh ton to bc 2, chn dao dap long duong
Cc thng s kinh nghim trong phn Position of table(s) relation to section view (v tr nhn din tch so vi trc ngang) nh sau:
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Sau khi hiu chnh hon thnh, nhn tt c OK tr v mn hnh lm vic
Th hin din tch cho phn o p lng ng Lm tng t nh phn Th hin din tch cho phn o p lng ng. Ch khc 1 s bc sau: Trong hp thoi Change Volume Tables Section View Group 1 phn Select table style, style mc nh l Basic,tuy nhin khng ng trn style ny, m chn style dien tich long duong mi va to, ri click vo biu tng chn Copy Current Selection.
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Hp thoi Table Style-dien tich long duong [Copy] xut hin, sa tn li thnh dien tich via he.
Sau chuyn sang Tab Data Properties. Trong phn Structure, double click vo vng ch ca ct Cut Area v hng Column Value.
Trong hp thoi Text Component Editor Column Contents, khung bn pha phi, sa ch DT P LNG NG: thnh DT P VA H. Sau nhp OK.
Trong phn Structure, tip tc double click vo vng ch ca ct Fill Area v hng Column Value.
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Trong hp thoi Text Component Editor Column Contents, khung bn pha phi, sa ch DT P LNG NG: thnh DT P VA H. Sau nhp OK. Tip tc nhp OK tr v hp thoi Change Volume Tables Section View Group 1. Trong phn Select table style chn style dien tich via he va mi to ri Add>> thm vo trc ngang.
Style mi c thm vo khung List of volume tables, ch click vo ct Material list ca hng dien tich via he v chn mc tnh ton dao dap via he.
Trong ct Gap sa li thnh -2.3mm
Sau khi khai bo xong, nhn OK tt c tr v mt phng lm vic
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Thit k nt giao thng

Trong qu trnh thit k mng li ng, s xut hin nt giao gia cc tuyn ng vi nhau. Trong chng ny, s tin hnh tm cch thit k nt giao bng cng c thit k nt giao ca Civil 3D.
Trc khi thit k nt giao, trn bn v cn phi c hai tuyn giao nhau v trc dc ca hai tuyn ng ny.
Tin hnh thit k nt, in hnh ng t, giao gia ng DS1 v DS2. Click chut vo Tab Home, chn vo Intersection, bm vo mi tn xung v chn Create Intersection
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Dng nhc lnh ca chng trnh s xut hin theo th t nh sau: Select intersection point: Select main road alignment <or press enter key to select from list>: Chn im giao nhau: Chn tuyn no lm tuyn chnh gia hai tuyn giao nhau (chn tuyn DS2 lm tuyn chnh):
Sau khi thc hin xong hai dng nhc lnh, hp thoi Create Intersection General khai bo cc thng s cho nt giao xut hin.
Ln lt tm hiu cc thng s trong mi Tab ca hp thoi thit k nt giao Vi Tab General, thng s quan trng nht trong hp thoi ny l Intersection corridor type. C hai loi m hnh nt giao, nt giao gia hai ng cng cp v nt giao gia ng chnh v ng ph, ty vo tnh cht giao nhau m ngi thit k chn loi m hnh ph hp. Nu chn loi All Crowns Maintianned hai ng giao nhau cng cp
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Nu chn loi Primary Road Crown Maintianed ng chnh c u tin, cao ti nt ca ng ph c tnh theo ng chnh
Trong v d ny chn, loi nt giao gia hai ng cng cp. Chn xong, nhn nt Next, chuyn sang Tab Geometry Details cc thng s hnh hc tuyn trong phm vi nt giao
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Tnh ton gii ta
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Ph lc 6:
Gii thch mt s thut ng trong Civil 3D
STT Alignment
Ting Anh
Ting Vit Mt bng tuyn To mt bng tuyn th cng (thit k mt bng tuyn) Ta mt bng tuyn t Polyline t tim c sn Chnh sa yu t hnh hc mt bng tuyn o hng tuyn Hiu chnh tiu chun thit k Thm nhn cho mt bng tuyn V ng thng khng c ng cong V ng thng c ng cong Thit lp cc thng s cho ng cong c bn v ng cong chuyn tip on vo ng cong chuyn tip on ra ng cong chuyn tip ng cong
Create Alignment by Layout.. Create Alignment from Polyline Edit Alignment Geometry Reverse Alignment Direction Design Criteria Editor Add Alignment Labels Tangent-Tangent (No curves) Tangent-Tangent (With curves) Curve and Spiral Settings.. Spiral in Spiral out Curve Floating Curve with Spiral (From entity end, radius, length) Floating Curve with Spiral (From entity end, radius, through point) Floating Reverse Curve with Spirals (From curve, radius, through point)
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Floating Reverse Curve with Spirals (From curve, two points) Free Spiral-Curve-Spiral (Between two entities) Free Compound Spiral-Curve-SpiralCurve-Spiral (Between tos tangents) Free reverse Spiral-Curve-Spiral-Spiral (Between two tangents) Reverse Sub-entity Direction Delete Sub-entity Sub-entity Editor Alignment Grid View Conversion options Add curves between tangents Design Criteria Minimum Radius Superelevation Attainment Methods Superelevation AASHTO Crowned Roadway Undivided Pivot axis Pivot Pivot method Maintain Median Distorted Median Thm ng cong gia hai ng thng Tiu chun thit k Bn knh ti thiu Phng php quay siu cao Siu cao Tiu chun thit k ng ca M ng c nh gia ng khng c di phn cch Trc tm quay Trc quay Phng php chn trc quay Duy tr di phn cch Cho php di phn cch bin dng Xa yu t cong trn mt bng tuyn Chnh sa yu t cong
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Transition
on chuyn tip
Continuing Opposing Design speed Transition Length Lane Horizontal Geometry Point Tc thit k Chiu di on chuyn tip Ln xe im hnh hc trn mt bng tuyn
Profile Create Profile from Surface Create Profile by Layout Create Profile from File Quick Profile Create Profile View Create Multiple Profile Views Create Superimposed Profile Edit Profile Geometry Add Profile View Labels Crest curve Sag curve PVI Station
Trc dc To trc dc t b mt a hnh (ng en) Thit k trc dc (ng ) To trc dc t file d liu ngoi Xem nhanh trc dc Xut trc dc Xut nhiu trc dc cng mt lc
Chnh sa yu t hnh hc trc dc thit k Thm nhn cho trc dc ng cong ng li ng cong ng lm L trnh ca im trn trc dc
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PVI Elevation Grade In Grade Out A (Grade Change) Profile Curve Type Profile Curve Length Curve Radius Profile Elevation Profile Curve Length Profile Curve Radius
Cao ca im trn trc dc c vo dc ra Hiu dc ra vo Loi ng cong Chiu di ng cong Bn knh ng cong Cao trc dc Chiu di ng cong ng Bn knh ng cong ng
Corridors Create Assembly Add Assembly Offset Create Subassembly from Polyine Subassembly Tool Palettes Subassembly Catalog.. Create Simple Corridor Create Corridor View/Edit Corridor Section Rehabilitation Override
Mng li cao trnh- p trc ngang To mt ct ngang in hnh To thm tim mt ct song song vi tim mt ct ngang hin c To thnh phn mt ct ngang t Polyline Chn cc thnh phn mt ct ngang c sn ca chng trnh Danh sch nhm cc thnh phn mt ct ngang To mng li cao trnh gin n To mng li cao trnh cho tuyn Xem v chnh sa mt ct ngang cc b trn tuyn Ci to Khng ch
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Reconstruction Asphalt overlay
Ti thit lp Lp ph nha ng
Intersection
Nt giao
Roundabouts
o giao thng
Section Sample Lines Create Sample Lines Create Section View Create Multiple Section View Edit Sample Lines Edit Sections.. Compute Materials Create Mass Haul Diagram Add Section View Labels Add Tabels
Xut mt ct ngang V tr mt ct ngang pht sinh cc Pht sinh cc To mt ct ngang To nhiu mt ct ngang cng lc Hiu chnh cc Hiu chnh mt ct ngang Tnh ton khi lng mt ct ngang To ng iu phi t Gin nhn cho mt ct ngang Lp bng thng k
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Generate Volume Report Bridge Modeler Box girder bridge Bridge, Concrete slab Slab and girder Superstructure Deck (bridge deck) Skew angle Azimuth Overhang
Bo co kt qu khi lng dng cho copy d liu sang Excel M hnh cu Cu dm rng Cu bn b tng Bn dm Kt cu phn trn Sn cu Gc cho, gc xin Gc phng v Phn hng, phn nh ra
Roadway Barrier
Phn xe chy Lan can cu
Substructure Abutment (bridge abutment) Abutment pier Pier Bearing Seat
Kt cu phn di M cu tr m cu Cc, tr Gi cu B
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Filedia Battman
Lnh cho xut hin li hp thoi lu v m file, khi thc hin lnh m file v lu file khng xut hin hp thoi. Hiu chnh block thuc tnh
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Civil3D 2012 - Thiet Ke Duong Tap 2

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Civil3D 2012 - Thiet Ke Duong Tap 2

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Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

CIVIL 3D 2012 THIT K K THUT H TNG TH

Tp. H Ch Minh 2012

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Phn 3: Thit k ng, gii ta.

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Tng quan cc bc thit k ng trong Civil 3D

nh ngha mt ct ngang (Create Assembly)

Mng li cao trnh (Create Corridor)

Trc dc thit k (Create Profile by Layout)

To b mt thit k (Create Surfcae design)

Xut mt ct ngang (Create Section View)

Xut cc cho tuyn (Create Sample Lines)

Tnh ton khi lng (Computer Material)

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

p tnh ton siu cao cho tuyn

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

T to mt bng tuyn thng qua thanh cng c

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

bin tp tn cho tuyn. Hp thoi bin tp tn Name Template xut hin.

Trong phn Name tn mc nh ca chng trnh l Alignment - (<[Next Counter(CP)]>), bi en v sa li tn mi, v d tn mi y l: N

Tn ca tuyn sau khi bin tp xong.

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

vng Incremental number format trong hp thoi Name Template

Sa Starting number hin c l 4 thnh 1

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

To mt bng tuyn t Polyline sn c

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Hp thoi xut hin

Trong hp thoi ny c nhiu thng s, ch quan tm ti cc thng s cn thit, cn cc

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Thit k trm dng xe Bus, bi u xe dc tuyn

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Enter widening offset: <8.000m>: 6 n phm Enter kt thc lnh

Nhp vo b rng khong li. VD: 6m

, r chut qua tri hay phi

thm khong li hoc git cp

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Click vo biu tng

Hp thoi Offset Alignment Parameters xut hin

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Click vo mi tn xung, chn tuyn khc v tr khc

thm khong li click vo biu tng

Thc hin theo dng command lnh

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

n phm Enter kt thc lnh, thm c khong li trn mt bng

Cc thng s k thut ca khong li nm vng Property

Transition In Widenig Region Transition Out Vng Transition In c cc thng s sau

Chuyn tip vo khong li Vng chuyn tip Chuyn tip ra khong li

Transition type-loi chuyn tip. Click vo mi tn xung chn cc kiu th hin

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

d dng quan st Transition length-chiu di on chuyn tip. y ta c th nhp chiu di

Sau khi thit lp tt c cc thng s, khong li c th hin.

Chnh sa tiu chun thit k cho tuyn.

Civil 3D 2012 Thit k k thut h tng th

Hp thoi Design Criteria Editor-bin tp tiu chun thit k xut hin

Trc tin, tm hiu mc Unit