Chapter 13 #2 1 Consider the molecular substances I2, H2O, and C8H18. Which of them is/are soluble in CCl4?

A) only I2 B) only H2O C) only C8H18 D) I2 and C8H18 E) H2O and C8H18 The solvent and these solutes are all nonpolar; like dissolves like. 2 Which of the following is not a solution? A) brass B) stainless steel C) solder D) bronze E) galvanized iron In Except for galvanized iron, these are all alloys (solutions). 3 The heat of solution of KCl is +17 kJ/mol, and the heat of hydration of 1 mole of gaseous chloride ions and 1 mole of gaseous potassium ions is -698 kJ. What is the lattice energy of potassium chloride? A) 715 kJ/mol B) -681 kJ/mol C) -715 kJ/mol D) -332 kJ/mol E) 681 kJ/mol In Review energy changes in section 13.2 of your textbook. 4 Which of the following statements is true? A) The solubility of all salts in water increases with temperature. B) The solubility of all salts in water decreases with temperature. C) The solubility of all salts in water is independent of temperature. D) The impact of temperature on solubility depends on the individual salt. E) Salts are insoluble in water. In Review solubility of salts in section 13.3 of your textbook. 5 The solubility of a gas in general _________ with increasing pressure and __________ with increasing temperature. A) decreases, increases B) decreases, decreases C) remains the same D) increases, increases E) increases, decreases In Think of what happens when you open a warm can of soda! 6 The molality of a solution of ethyl alcohol, C2H5OH, in water is 0.96 mol/kg. How many grams of alcohol are dissolved in 5.98 kg of water? A) 7.40 g B) 287.2 g C) 74.1 g D) 264.7 g E) 740 g In Review molality in section 13.4 of your textbook. 7 What is the mass of C12H22O11 in 60.0 mL of 0.0880 M solution? A) 0.181 g B) 1.81 g C) 5.02 g D) 5.28 g E) none of the above In Review molarity in section 13.4 of your textbook. 8 The alloy AlNi 120 is 13% Al, 27% Ni, and 60% Fe by weight. What is the mole percent Al for this alloy? A) 24%

B) 13% C) 50% D) 32% E) none of the above In Review mole fraction concentration in section 13.4 of your textbook. 9 IN What is the molarity of a solution that is 46% by mass perchloric acid (HClO4)? The density of the solution is 1.23 g/mL. A) 5.6 M B) 1.2 M C) 1.7 M D) 7.9 M E) none of the above In Review concentration unit conversions in section 13.4 of your textbook. 10 What is the percent KCl by mass in a 3.00 molal solution? A) 0.300% B) 12.5% C) 18.3% D) 30.0% E) none of the above In Review concentration unit conversions in section 13.4 of your textbook. 11 What is the freezing point of a solution that contains 12.0 g of glucose (C6H12O6) in 50 g of acetic acid (CH3COOH). Kf = 3.90C/m, melting point = 16.6 C. A) -1.41C B) -31.27C C) 16.32 C D) 5.2 C E) 11.4C 12 The osmotic pressure of a solution of a synthetic polyisobutylene in benzene was determined at 25 C. A sample containing 0.30 g of solute per 125 mL of solution developed a rise of 3.4 mm at osmotic equilibrium. The density of the solution was 0.88 g/mL. What is the molar mass of the polyisobutylene? A) 2.1 x 106 g/mol B) 2.4 x 105 g/mol C) 1.2 x 105 g/mol D) 2.9 x 105 g/mol E) 2.0 x 105 g/mol In Review colligative properties in section 13.5 of your textbook. 13 The vapor pressure of pure water at 26 C is 25.21 torr. What is the vapor pressure of a solution which contains 16.0 g of glucose, C6H12O6, in 80 g of water? A) 16.8 torr B) 24.7 torr C) 0.49 torr D) 25.4 torr E) 14.1 torr In Review colligative properties in section 13.5 of your textbook. 14 The osmotic pressure of a 0.72 M solution of HCl is 35.9 atm at 18C. Calculate the van't Hoff factor i for HCl at this concentration. A) 67.5 B) 4.17 C) 33.7 D) 0.18 E) 2.09 This is close to the expected value of 2. 15 Which of the following pairs of phases cannot form a colloidal solution? A) solid and liquid

B) liquid and gas C) solid and solid D) liquid and liquid E) gas and gas Gases mix perfectly (i.e. form solutions) in all proportions. Chapter 16 #1 1 For the overall hypothetical reaction A + 5B 4C, the rate of appearance of C given by [C]/t is the same as A) [A]/t B) -(5/4)([B]/t) C) -(4/5)([B]/t) D) -(1/4)([A]/t) E) none of the above. 2 When heated, the compound RX3 decomposes to a mixture of products. The following data were collected for the decomposition at 100 C. What is the average rate of reaction, - [RX3]/t, over the entire experiment? A) 0.0028 mol/L.s B) 0.045 mol/L.s C) 0.0014 mol/L.s D) -0.0027 mol/L.s E) 0.0057 mol/L.s 3 The initial rate of the reaction PCl5 PCl3 + Cl2 is increased a factor of four when the concentration of PCl5is doubled. Therefore, the rate A) depends on the concentrations of PCl3 and Cl2. B) is first order with respect to PCl5. C) is second order with respect to PCl5. D) is fourth order with respect to PCl5. E) is first order with respect to PCl3. 4 Bromine atoms react with iso-butane (iso-C4H10) to form hydrogen bromide and the t-butyl radical (t-C4H9) Br + iso-C4H10 HBr + t-C4H9. The reaction is first order with respect to each of the reactants, and at 298 K, the rate constant is 1.02 x 106 L mol-1 s-1. Calculate the initial rate of the reaction in a 4.0 L reaction vessel containing 0.60 moles of iso-butane and 0.00010 moles of bromine atoms. A) 1.5 mol L-1 s-1 B) 3.8 mol L-1 s-1 C) 2.5 x 1011 mol L-1 s-1 D) 2.5 x 102 mol L-1 s-1 E) 6.7 x 102 mol L-1 s-1 5 Consider the thermal decomposition of cyclobutane (C4H8(g)) at 438 C, C4H8(g) 2C2H4(g). The reaction follows firstorder kinetics and the rate constant is k = 2.48 x 10-4 s-1. If the initial concentration of cyclobutane is 0.800 mol/L, what concentration will remain after 10.0 min? A) 0.689 mol/L B) 0.455 mol/L C) 0.333 mol/L D) 0.248 mol/L E) 0.0061 mol/L

6 A certain first-order reaction is 46 % complete in 68 min at 25C. What is its rate constant? A) 9.1 x 10-3 min-1 B) 1.1 x 10-2 min-1 C) 31 min-1 D) 51 min-1 E) none of the above 7 Consider the reaction A products. Which, if any, of the following plots is consistent with a second-order reaction? A) ln[A] plotted against time gives a straight line of positive slope. B) ln[A] plotted against time gives a straight line of negative slope. C) 1/[A] plotted against time gives a straight line of positive slope. D) 1/[A] plotted against time gives a straight line of negative slope. E) None of the above plots is consistent with a second-order reaction. 8 Consider the reaction A products. Which of the following plots is consistent with a zero-order reaction? A) [A] plotted against time gives a horizontal, straight line. B) ln[A] plotted against time gives a straight line of negative slope. C) 1/[A] plotted against time gives a straight line of positive slope.

D) [A] plotted against time gives a straight line of negative slope. E) [A] plotted against time gives a curved line of negative slope, decreasing in magnitude as time increases. Review the integrated rate laws in section 16.4 in your textbook. 9 What is the value of the rate constant for a first-order reaction for which the half-life is 26.7 min? A) 18.5 min-1 B) 38.5 min-1 C) 9.25 min-1 D) 19.3 min-1

E) 0.0260 min-1

10 The rate constant of a first-order reaction is 3.68 x 10-2 s-1 at 150C, and the activation energy is 71 kJ/mol. What is the value of the rate constant at 170C? A) 9.2 x 10-2 s-1 B) 3.7 x 10-2 s-1 C) 2.49 s-1 D) 4.0 x 10-2 s-1 E) none of the above 11 In order to obtain the activation energy of a reaction using a graphical method, __________ is plotted against _________, giving a straight line whose slope is equal to __________. A) k; T; -Ea B) k; 1/T; -Ea C) lnk; T; -Ea/R D) k; 1/T; -Ea/R E) lnk; 1/T; -Ea/R The activation energy is R times the slope. 12 Select the appropriate rate law for the elementary process shown below. 2A B + C A) Rate = k[2A] B) Rate = k[A] C) Rate = k[A]2 D) Rate = k[A]1/2

E) Rate = 2k[A]

13 The reaction 3ClO-(aq) ClO3-(aq) + 2Cl-(aq) has been proposed to occur by the following mechanism. ClO-(aq) + ClO-( aq) ClO2-( aq) + Cl-( aq) (slow) ClO2-(aq) + ClO-(aq) ClO3-(aq) + Cl-(aq) (fast Which rate law is consistent with this mechanism? A) rate = k[ClO-] B) rate = k[ClO-]3 C) rate = k[ClO2-][ClO-] D) rate = k[ClO-]2 E) rate = k[Cl-][ClO-]2 Review reaction rates and mechanisms in section 16.7 in your textbook. 14 Consider the reaction 2NO(g) + 2H2(g) N2(g) + 2H2O(g) A suggested mechanism for this reaction follows (1) NO(g) + NO(g) N2O4(g) (slow) (2) N2O4(g) + H2(g) N2(g) + H2O2 (g) (fast) (3) H2O2(g) + H2(g) 2H2O(g) (fast) Based on this mechanism, which, if any, of the following actions will not affect the rate of the reaction? A) adding a catalyst B) adding more NO(g) C) adding more H2(g) D) increasing the temperature E) All of these will affect the rate of the reaction. Review catalysts and other factors affecting reaction rates, in chapter 16. 15 A catalyst speeds up a reaction by A) increasing the number of high-energy molecules. B) increasing the temperature of the molecules in the reaction. C) increasing the number of collisions between molecules. D) increasing the activation energy for the reaction. E) providing a new reaction pathway for molecules. Review catalysis in section 16.8 of your textbook.