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    XML was designed to transport and store data, not to display data. HTML was designed to display data, with focus on how data looks. XML is not a replacement for HTML.

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    html & .xml

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    XML was designed to transport and store data, not to display data. HTML was designed to display data, with focus on how data looks. XML is not a replacement for HTML.

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    21 views12 pages

    HTML & .XML

    Uploaded by

    Vjay Vijju
    XML was designed to transport and store data, not to display data. HTML was designed to display data, with focus on how data looks. XML is not a replacement for HTML.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 12

    An HTML tag is a code that describes how a Web page is formatted.

    HTML tags are defined by the characters < and >. There are dozens of HTML tags in valid HTML, another dozen or so deprecated tags (tags that are no longer part of the specification), and a few tags for specific browsers like Internet Explorer only tags, Netscape only tags, MSN TV/WebTV only tags, and others. See a list of all HTML tags.

    width:100px; height:500px; float:left/right; padding: top right bottom left; margin:0px ; border:0px; Background-color :red; font-family:"arial",verdana; font-size:12px text-align:left/center/right; color: #fff (or) white; letter-spacing:1px; text-decoration:none;

    - align table - space in side of cell/table - out side space of the table/cell

    Introduction to XML XML was designed to transport and store data. HTML was designed to display data. What is XML? XML stands for Extensible Markup Language XML is a markup language much like HTML XML was designed to carry data, not to display data XML tags are not predefined. You must define your own tags XML is designed to be self-descriptive XML is a W3C Recommendation The Difference Between XML and HTML XML is not a replacement for HTML. XML and HTML were designed with different goals: XML was designed to transport and store data, with focus on what data is HTML was designed to display data, with focus on how data looks HTML is about displaying information, while XML is about carrying information. XML Does Not DO Anything Maybe it is a little hard to understand, but XML does not DO anything. XML was created to structure, store, and transport information. The following example is a note to Tove, from Jani, stored as XML: <note> <to>Tove</to> <from>Jani</from> <heading>Reminder</heading> <body>Don't forget me this weekend!</body> </note> The note above is quite self descriptive. It has sender and receiver information, it also has a heading and a message body.

    But still, this XML document does not DO anything. It is just information wrapped in tags. Someone must write a piece of software to send, receive or display it. With XML You Invent Your Own Tags The tags in the example above (like <to> and <from>) are not defined in any XML standard. These tags are "invented" by the author of the XML document. That is because the XML language has no predefined tags. The tags used in HTML are predefined. HTML documents can only use tags defined in the HTML standard (like <p>, <h1>, etc.). XML allows the author to define his/her own tags and his/her own document structure. XML is Not a Replacement for HTML XML is a complement to HTML. It is important to understand that XML is not a replacement for HTML. In most web applications, XML is used to transport data, while HTML is used to format and display the data. My best description of XML is this: XML is a software- and hardware-independent tool for carrying information. XML is a W3C Recommendation XML became a W3C Recommendation on February 10, 1998. To read more about the XML activities at W3C, please read our W3C Tutorial. XML is Everywhere XML is now as important for the Web as HTML was to the foundation of the Web. XML is the most common tool for data transmissions between all sorts of applications. Altova XMLSpy Try the industrys leading XML editor! Whether youre new to XML or already an advanced user, the user-friendly views and powerful entry helpers, wizards, and debuggers in XMLSpy are designed to meet your XML and Web development needs from start to finish. Examples in Each Chapter This HTML tutorial contains hundreds of HTML examples. With our online HTML editor, you can edit the HTML, and click on a button to view the result. Example <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <body> <h1>My First Heading</h1> <p>My first paragraph.</p> </body> </html> HTML References At W3Schools you will find complete references about tags, standard attributes, standard events, colornames, entities, character-sets, URL encoding, language codes, HTTP messages, and more.

    What is XML? XML, Extensible Markup Language, is an open, text based markup language that provides structural and semantic information to data............... List the rules to be followed by an XML document. They must have a root tag, the document should be well formed : the tags should be properly closed, since XML is case sensitive, one should take care.............. Define DTD (Document Type definition). XML DTD is a rule book that an XML document follows. Once DTD is ready, you can create number of XML documents following the same rules.............. What is a CDATA section in XML? The term CDATA is used when you dont want some text data to be parsed by the XML parser. .............. What is XSL? XSL is a language for expressing style sheets. An XSL style sheet is a file that describes the way to display an XML document............... What is XQuery? Xquery is a query language that is used to retrieve data from XML documents............... What is XMLA ? It is a Microsoft specified XML-messaging-based protocol for exchanging analytical data between client applications and servers.............. What is DOM? DOM is an interface-oriented Application Programming Interface. It allows for navigation of the entire document............... What is XML Namespace? An XSL sheet or a document may have duplicate elements and attributes. Therefore, the XML namespaces define a way to distinguish between.............. What is XML data binding? XML data binding refers to the process of representing the information in an XML document as an object in computer memory............... What is an XML encoding error? XML documents can contain non ASCII characters, like Norwegian , or French which introduce errors............... What is XML Serialization and Binary Serialization? XML Serialization makes it possible to convert any common language runtime objects into XML documents or streams and vise versa. .............. How do you load data from XML file to a ORACLE table? You need to first create a table in oracle that matches with the fields of the XML data............... What are XML indexes and secondary XML indexes? The primary XML index is a B+tree and is useful because the optimizer creates a plan for the entire query. .............. What is the purpose of FOR XML in SQL Server? SQL Server 2000 provides the facility to retrieve data in the form of XML with the help of the FOR XML

    What is EXtensible Application Markup Language (XAML)? XAML is a markup language used to define dynamic or static UIs for .NET applications....... Advantages of XAML Easy designing of a UI............... How do we create the XSD schema? While creating XML documents, it is important to structure the elements such as name of the elements and datatypes which should be understood by application. Here the need of XSD Schema is sought............. What is the use of FOR XML in SQL Server? SQL Server is having a fantastic feature to retrieve data persisted in the form of XML format. The data in the XML format can be retrieved using FOR XML clause appending to the SELECT statement............. What is the difference between SAX parser and DOM parser? SAX is developed especially for java programs. It implements a model that is memory resident. To access data from XML file, SAX follows top to bottom approach.................. What is the difference between Schema and DTD? DTD supports two types of data CDATA and PCDATA. Schema supports numeric, Boolean and String data types and suitable................. How do you parse/validate the XML document? Parsing the XML document is the only way to validate the XML file. Validation is done by either DOM parser or the SAX parser.............. What is XML template? A transformation rule describes a style sheet. Transmission rule is a combination of a pattern and a template............... What is Xpath? XPath specifies the path in the XML document which has hierarchical elements. XPath is used with XPointer and XSLT and parser.............. What are the steps to transform XML into HTML using XSL? The xsl:output element specifies how to display the result tree. The XSL processor produces the output result tree............... Test your XML knowledge with our multiple choice questions! Test your XML score - XML (38 questions) Next >> What is XPath? XPath is a language for addressing an XML document's elements and attributes. As an example, say you receive an XML document that contains the details of a shipment and you want to retrieve the element/attribute values from the XML document......... SQL Server 2005 XML support Explain the concepts and capabilities of SOAP. Explain the purpose of Native XML mode in SQL Server 2005. Native XML Access vs. SQLXML. Benefits of Native XML Access in SQL Server 2005. Limitation for Native XML Web Services.

    XML Data type implementation in SQL Server 2005 What is Untyped XML? Provide examples for : Create a table with a untype XML column, Insert into an untyped XML data type column What is typed XML? The XML data type comes with five methods. Explain them Differentiate between Untyped XML and Typed XML. Explain with an example how to apply defaults constraint to an XML data type column. You can add constraints to XML data type columns. Illustrate with an example. Querying and modifying XML data in SQL Server 2005 What is XQuery language? Explain the syntax rule of XQuery language. XQuery expression contains two parts: the Prolog and the Body. Explain them Explain PATH expression in XQuery with an example. Explain the features of XML. XML or Extensible Markup Language - Provides a standard for easy transfer of data. For web applications, using XML avoids many hits on the server................... Explain what makes XML so important. XML is used to transfer data across different networks. It supports Unicode thereby accepting almost any form of human language.................. What is XML DTD? What are XML documents? DTD is Document Type Definition is used to define the XMLs document structure. It can be inside an XML document or outside.................. What is Document Object Model? Document Object Model (DOM) is used to query, traverse and manipulate documents like XML or HTML documents..................... Difference between XML and SGML. XML does not allow References to external data entities. Named character references are not allowed in XML..................... XML FAQ - Jan 29, 2009 at 18:00 PM by Rajmeet Ghai Explain CDATA and PCDATA. XML parser parses all the data except under CDATA. PCDATA is Parsed Character Data. When the parser parses the XML data, the data present between the elements is parsed. Everything present in CDATA is ignored by the parser. Characters like <and & are not parsed by the XML parser and will generate an error. A CDATA section starts with "<![CDATA[" and ends with "]]>": parsed character data should not contain any &, <, or > characters. What is XML schema? XML schema like any other schema describes the structure of the XML document. It defines The elements that appear in the XML document, Attributes that appear Parent and child nodes and their number Whether an element is empty or can include text Defines data types for attributes and elements Defines default and fixed values for the elements and attributes

    What is the SAX processing model? The SAX processing model uses a SAX (Simple API for XML) parser. This parser is a stream parser and is driven based on events. The user needs to define some call back functions that may be called when the events are encountered during parsing. Typical SAX events are: XML Text nodes XML Element nodes XML Processing Instructions XML Comments Events are fired when the XML features are encountered. The model also has a SAXReader responsible for processing the document. It receives the document as a input from the SAX parser. When the processing is in progress, the SAXReader generate events.

    Explain the XML parser. What is its purpose? XML parser is used to parse the XML document. Most browsers have an inbuilt XML parser that converts XML into a JavaScript accessible object. This parser is used to read and manipulate the data in the XML. Load() is used to load an XML document in IE5. SAX and DOM are the two parsers used to parse the XML document. A small example of how xml is shown below: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <Personnel> <Employee type="temporary"> <Name>Jack</Name> <Id>3674</Id> <Age>34</Age> </Employee> </Personnel> <<Previous Next >> Also read What is a CDATA section in XML? Answer - The term CDATA is used when you dont want some text data to be parsed by the XML parser. .............. Indexing XML data in SQL Server 2005 Explain the concepts of indexing XML data in SQL Server 2005. Provide basic syntax for creating index on XML data type column. What is content indexing/full text indexing? Explain the reason to index XML data type column. What are the guidelines to be adhered when creating a XML index? What is XMLA ? Answer - It is a Microsoft specified XML-messaging-based protocol for exchanging analytical data between client applications and servers.............. What is XML data binding? Answer - XML data binding refers to the process of representing the information in an XML document as an object in computer memory............... XSLT in SQL Server 2005 Overview of XSLT and the components that make up an XSLT style sheet. What is XSLCompiledTransform class of the .NET Framework?

    What is XSLTSetting class of the .NET Framework? What is the purpose of FOR XML in SQL Server? Answer - SQL Server 2000 provides the facility to retrieve data in the form of XML with the help of the FOR XML clause appended to the end of a SELECT statement. .............. FOR XML in SQL Server Discuss the TYPE directive of FOR XML with an example. Explain the RAW mode of FOR XML with an example. Explain the AUTO mode of FOR XML with an example. Explain the EXPLICIT mode of FOR XML with an example.

    What is XML? Answer XML, Extensible Markup Language, is an open, text based markup language that provides structural and semantic information to data. XML is a metalanguage that can be used to create other language. It is used to structure and describe data that can be understood by other applications. Using XML, we can separate the user interface from data. Features of XML XML is a generalized markup language that means one can define his/her own tag sets. A valid XML document contains rules and is self-describing. The rules that are found in DTD allow the documents to be validated. Describe the logical structure of XML. Answer XML documents comprise of declaration, elements and comments XML Declaration It identifies the version to which XML conforms <?xml version = "1.0"?> Document Type Declaration It consists of markup code that indicates grammar rules or Document Type Definition (DTD) for the particular class of document. <! DOCTYPE Car SYSTEM "cr.dtd"> This statement tells the XML processor that the document is of the class Car that conforms the rules specified in the DTD "cr.dtd". Document element The document element contains data of an XML document. Why is XML so popular? Answer Due to the following advantages of using XML, it has become popular: It supports Unicode. Therefore documents written in any human language can be communicated. Data structures: records, lists and trees can be represented using XML. Its format describes structure, field names and their specific values too. Its therefore called selfdocumenting.

    Its syntax and parsing requirements make the necessary parsing algorithms very simple, efficient, and consistent. It can be used as a document storage and processing format. It is platform-independent. Why is XML referred as self-describing data? Answer Text labels inside of XML's syntactic delimiters that cause most people to think that XML is selfdescribing. But these tags aren't part of XML. Choosing the terms used for tags or naming anything is often a difficult and contentious activity. Everyone naturally creates names that make sense to them. However, XML is not self describing. Why is XML extensible? Answer Extensibility is another attribute of XML. XML is short of "eXtensible Markup Language. This is so because a developer may easily create his own XML syntax for any applications he wishes to use it for. Any other developer, once having learned how to use his own language's XML parsing routines, can use any XML-based format currently available. XML is a secured language for information exchange over the network. Explain Answer Applications require a secure exchange of structured data. XML encryption can ensure this by providing end-to-end security as it is iitself a widely used data structuring technology. XML encryption addresses the issues not covered in by the TLS which are encrypting part of the data that is being exchanged and secure sessions between multiple parties. XML Encryption can handle XML as well as binary data. List the rules to be followed by an XML document. Answer Following rules need to be followed by an XML document: They must have a root tag, the document should be well formed : the tags should be properly closed, since XML is case sensitive, one should take care that the documents are written with proper care and the attribute values should be inside Explain about XML Canonicalization. Answer Canonicalization refers to finding the simplified form of an XML document. XML files may not contain the same sequence of characters (bytes or octets) even if they are logically equivalent. This is where we need to canonicalize them and check their canonical forms. Steps to canonicalize an XML document Encoding schemes should represent characters by octets.XML documents should be encoded in UTF-8 encoding. The canonical form needs all line breaks to be #xA. All attributes need to be normalized in canonical form. Define DTD (Document Type definition). Answer DTD - Document Type Definition defines the legal building blocks of an XML document. It defines the document structure with a list of legal elements and attributes. XML DTD is a rule book that an XML document follows. Once DTD is ready, you can create number of XML documents following the same rules specified in the DTD. DTD can be internal or external DTD. The internal DTD is included in the XML document, while external DTD exists outside the content of the documents. Explain DTD and schema.

    Answer A DTD provides a list of the elements, attributes, comments, notes, and entities contained in an XML or HTML document and indicates their relationship with each other. The 'DOCTYPE' tells the browser that it is a Document Type Declaration Some commonly used attribute types are CDATA The value is character data ID The value is a unique id IDREF The value is the id of another element IDREFS The value is a list of other ids Schema means the organization and the structure of a database. E.g.: An XML schema is a description of XML document. It is expressed in terms of constraints on the structure and content of documents. XML XML DTD - Jan 14, 2009 at 14:00 PM by Nishant Kumar Define XML DTD. XML DTD is a rule book that an XML document follows. Once DTD is ready, you can create number of XML documents following the same rules specified in the DTD. DTD can be internal or external DTD. The internal DTD is included in the XML document, while external DTD exists outside the content of the documents. What is a CDATA section in XML? XML CDATA section - August 12, 2008 at 18:00 PM by Amit Satpute What is a CDATA section in XML? Answer CDATA - (Unparsed) Character Data The term CDATA is used when you dont want some text data to be parsed by the XML parser. A CDATA section starts with "<![CDATA[" and ends with "]]>": XML - CDATA section in XML - Jan 14, 2009 at 14:00 PM by Vidya Sagar What is a CDATA section in XML? The CDATA section of XML is used to describe the text that should not be parsed by the XML parser. The characters like "<" ">" are not supported in XML "<" will cause an error by the parser. Because the parser identifies < as the starting character for an element. Any text that is included in CDATA section is ignored by the parser. Example : <![CDATA[" < and > are used to enclose an element in XML "]]>

    HTML HTML interview questions and answers How will you display a picture in background of HTML? By using the tag: <body style="background-image:url(image path)"> How will you blink text in IE6? By using the tag: <blink>Blink this text</blink>

    HTML interview questions and answers

    How many color names are recognised by HTML? 16 How would you center a table in HTML? <div class="center"> <table>...</table> </div> What are the tags to create lists in HTML? <ul> - unordered list <ol> - ordered list

    HTML interview questions and answers I want to link an image to something. How do I do that? Use the image as the link content: <a href=...><img src=... alt=...></a> Syntax for marquee tag. <marquee>Marquee this text</marquee>

    HTML interview questions and answers How can I create a link? <a href ="....">Link this</a>

    Define URL. Uniform Resource Locator; an address that specifies the location of a file on the Internet................... Explain the general layout HTML documents. Following is how the basic HTML layout: <html><head><title>Title of page</title>................. What are various list tags in HTML? <li> Defines a list item <ol> Defines an ordered list.............. What are the various text formatting tag in HTML? <b> Defines bold text <br> Inserts a single line break

    <center> Deprecated. Defines centered text <em>................... Explain anchor tag in HTML. The <a> tag defines an anchor. It can be used to create a link to another document by using the href attribute or to create a bookmark inside a document,................ What is image mapping in HTML? Making one image link to several pages is called as image mapping. For example, if you have a map of India , then clicking.............. Explain meta tag in HTML. How to read and write a file using javascript? There are two ways to do it: 1. Using JavaScript extensions (runs from JavaScript Editor), or 2. Using a web page and ActiveX objects (Internet Explorer only)................. How do you create a new object in JavaScript? The <meta> element provides meta-information about your page, such as descriptions.................... Test your HTML knowledge with our multiple choice questions! XHTML Interview questions and Answers Define URL. Explain the general layout HTML documents. What are various list tags in HTML? What are the various text formatting tag in HTML? Explain anchor tag in HTML. What is image mapping in HTML? Explain meta tag in HTML. Explain in brief about the term CSS. A stylesheet language used to describe the presentation of a document written in a markup language................. What are the various style sheets? Inline, external, imported and embedded are the different types of style sheets............... What are style sheet properties? CSS Background CSS Text CSS Font CSS Border CSS Outline.............. List various font attributes used in style sheet. font-style font-variant font-weight font-size/line-height.................. Explain inline, embedded and external style sheets. Inline - If only a small piece of code has to be styled then inline style sheets can be used.............. Test your CSS skills - CSS (21 questions)

    More CSS interview questions What is CSS? Explain its features. Why do you use CSS? What is a style sheet? Why do you need a style sheet over regular HTML? List different types of Style Sheets and how do you link to them? Explain Class. Explain Grouping. What are the functions of following selectors? a.) h1 b.) .warning c.) #footer Explain Embedded Style Sheet. How would you link to it? Explain External Style Sheet. How would you link to it? What is selector? Explain: a.) ID Selector b.) Contractual Selector c.) Attribute Selector d.) Parent Child Selector What are the advantages and disadvantages of following style methods? a.) External Style Sheets b.) Embedded Style Sheets c.) Inline Styles Situation - You want to set up a minimum width for IE. How would you do that? Situation - You want to place a text over an image. How would you do that? Situation - You want to combine multiple sheets into one. How would you do that? Situation - You want to specify background images. How would you do that? Explain following elements: a.) Inline b.) Block c.) Parent d.) Children How do you separate content and design in CSS? Explain pseudo classes. Explain: a.) CSS declaration b.) Important declaration Situation - You just set the background image and you want it to be non-repeating. What would you do? Differentiate between ID and Class. You want to have a you text-links without an underline. How would you do that? Explain cascading order. You want links of different colours on the same page. How would you do that? Explain: a.) Value b.) Initial value How would you style the following? a.) Table cells b.) Forms Are there any WYSIWYG editors available for creation of style sheets? You want to justify your text. How would you do that? I want to place two paragraphs adjacent to each other. How should I do it?

    basics about html and .xml? --how to do data formatting? --how to change formats of data? --how to do linking? --hyperlinking? --typing speed should be min 30wpm. --should be perfect in tell me about yourself. --should say any background on software or computers. --shortcuts of copy, paste, cut and some basics of computers.

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