Chuong 4 - Cac Qua Trinh Nhiet Dong Co Ban-Khi Ly Tuong

CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh
Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 1 -

QUA TRNH A BIEN

1. Phng trnh cua qua trnh:
const pv
n
=

Vi
v
p
c c
c c
n
=
so mu a bien

2. Quan he gia cac thong so:

n
2
1
1
2
v
v
p
p
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
hay
n
1
2
1
1
2
p
p
v
v
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

n
1 n
1
2
1
2
p
p
T
T
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1 n
2
1
1
2
v
v
T
T

|
|
.
|
\
|
=

3. Cong thc hien cua qua trnh:
Cong thay oi the tch:

n 1
v p v p
w
1 1 2 2
tt
=
[J/kg]

( )
1 2 tt
T T .
n 1
R
w
= [J/kg]

(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1
v
v
n 1
v p
w
1 n
2
1 1 1
tt
[J/kg]

(
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1
p
p
n 1
v p
w
n
1 n
1
2 1 1
tt
[J/kg]

tt tt
w . G W = [J]

LU Y: Trong cac cong thc tnh cong tren, n v cua cac thong so
trang thai nh sau: p N/m
2
v m
3
/kg
T K
G kg
Trong trng hp s dung V m
3
th cong thc tnh cong c
viet lai cu the nh sau:

n 1
V p V p
W
1 1 2 2
tt
=
[J]

(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1
V
V
n 1
V p
W
1 n
2
1 1 1
tt
[J]

(
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1
p
p
n 1
V p
W
n
1 n
1
2 1 1
tt
[J]

Cong ky thuat:

tt kt
w . n w =
[J/kg]

kt kt
w . G W =
[J]

4. o bien thien noi nang:

) T T ( c u
1 2 v
= A [kJ/kg]

) T T ( c . G u . G U
1 2 v
= A = A [kJ]

5. o bien thien entanpy:

) T T ( c i
1 2 p
= A [kJ/kg]

) T T ( c . G i . G I
1 2 p
= A = A [kJ]


6. o bien thien entropy:
1
2
1
2
v
v
v
ln . R
T
T
ln c s + = A
[kJ/kgK]

1
2
1
2
p
p
p
ln . R
T
T
ln c s = A
[kJ/kgK]

1
2
v
1
2
p
p
p
ln c
v
v
ln c s + = A
[kJ/kgK]

s . G S A = A [kJ/K]

7. Nhiet lng tham gia vao qua trnh:

) T T ( c q
1 2 n
=
[kJ/kg]

Vi
1 n
k n
c c
v n
=
- nhiet dung rieng cua qua trnh a bien.

) T T (
1 n
k n
c . G q . G Q
1 2 v

= =
[kJ]

p
v
T
s
n = -
n = 0
n = 0
n = 1
n = k
n = k
n = 1
Nen Gian n
n = 1
n = 1
n = 0
n = 0
n = +
Q

>

0
Q

<

0
u

>

0
u

<

0
A
A
n = +
Q < 0
Q > 0
n = -
n = k
n > k
n = k
n < 1
1 < n < k
Au > 0
Au < 0
Qua trnh a bien


QUA TRNH ANG AP


p = const

So mu a bien n = 0.


1
2
1
2
v
v
T
T
=



( )
1 2
v
v
v
v
tt
v v p dv p pdv w
2
1
2
1
= = =
} }
[J/kg]

( )
1 2 tt
T T R w = [J/kg]

tt tt
w . G W = [J]

LU Y: ( )
1 2 tt
V V p W = [J] Vi: V m
3
va p N/m
2

Cong ky thuat:
0 vdp w
2
1
p
p
kt
= =
}


) T T ( c u
1 2 v
= A [kJ/kg]

) T T ( c . G u . G U
1 2 v
= A = A [kJ]


) T T ( c i
1 2 p
= A [kJ/kg]

) T T ( c . G i . G I
1 2 p
= A = A [kJ]

1
2
p
v
v
ln . c s = A
[kJ/kgK]
1
2
p
T
T
ln . c s = A
[kJ/kgK]



) T T ( c i q
1 2 p
= A =
[kJ/kg]

( )
1 2 p
T T Gc q . G Q = =
[kJ]

s
1
2
T
s
1
s
2
T
1
T
2
q
12
2
1
v
v
2
v
1
p
l
tt
p
Qua trnh ang ap


QUA TRNH ANG TCH

v = const
So mu a bien n = .


1
2
1
2
p
p
T
T
=


0 pdv w
2
1
v
v
tt
= =
}

Cong ky thuat:

( ) ( )
2 1 1 2
p
p
p
p
kt
p p v p p v dp v vdp w
2
1
2
1
= = = =
} }
[J/kg]

kt kt
w . G W = [J]

LU Y: ( )
2 1 kt
p p V W = [J] , Vi: V m
3
va p N/m
2


) T T ( c u
1 2 v
= A [kJ/kg]

) T T ( c . G u . G U
1 2 v
= A = A [kJ]


) T T ( c i
1 2 p
= A [kJ/kg]

) T T ( c . G i . G I
1 2 p
= A = A [kJ]



1
2
v
p
p
ln . c s = A [kJ/kgK]
1
2
v
T
T
ln . c s = A [kJ/kgK]


) T T ( c u q
1 2 v
= A = [kJ/kg]

( )
1 2 v
T T c . G q . G Q = = [kJ]

s
1
2
T
s
1
s
2
T
1
T
2
q
12
2
v
1
p
2
l
kt
p
p
1
v
Qua trnh ang tch


QUA TRNH ANG NHIET


=
=
const T
RT pv

So mu a bien n = 1.


2
1
1
2
v
v
p
p
=



2
1
1 1
1
2
1 1 tt
p
p
ln v p
v
v
ln v p w = =
2
1
1
2
p
p
ln RT
v
v
ln RT = = [J/kg]

tt tt
w . G W = [J]

LU Y:
2
1
1 1
1
2
1 1 tt
p
p
ln V p
V
V
ln V p W = = [J] , Vi: V m
3
va p N/m
2

Cong ky thuat:

tt kt
w . n w = ma n = 1
tt kt
w w = [J/kg]

kt kt
w . G W = [J]


0 ) T T ( c u
1 2 v
= = A


0 ) T T ( c i
1 2 p
= = A



= =
= A
kt tt
w w q
t
q
s

1
2
v
v
ln . R s = A
2
1
p
p
ln . R = [kJ/kgK]



= A
+ A =
0 u
w u q
tt
[kJ/kg]

kt tt
w w q = =

q . G Q= [kJ]

V
1
2
p
V
1
V
2
p
2
p
1
l
tt
2
12
1
s
s
2
s
1
T
q
T
Qua trnh ang nhiet


QUA TRNH OAN NHIET

const pv
k
=
Vi
v
p
c
c
k = so mu oan nhiet

2. Quan he gia cac thong so

k
2
1
1
2
v
v
p
p
|
|
.
|
\
|
= hay
k
1
2
1
1
2
p
p
v
v
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

k
1 k
1
2
1
2
p
p
T
T
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1 k
2
1
1
2
v
v
T
T

|
|
.
|
\
|
=

k 1
v p v p
w
1 1 2 2
tt
= [J/kg]

( )
1 2 tt
T T .
k 1
R
w
= [J/kg]

(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1
v
v
k 1
v p
w
1 k
2
1 1 1
tt
[J/kg]

(
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1
p
p
k 1
v p
w
k
1 k
1
2 1 1
tt
[J/kg]

tt tt
w . G W = [J]


LU Y: Trong cac cong thc tnh cong tren, n v cua cac thong so
trang thai nh sau: p N/m
2
v m
3
/kg
T K
G kg
Trong trng hp s dung V m
3
th cong thc tnh cong c
viet lai cu the nh sau:

k 1
V p V p
W
1 1 2 2
tt
=
[J]

(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1
V
V
k 1
V p
W
1 n
2
1 1 1
tt
[J]

(
(
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
=

1
p
p
k 1
V p
W
n
1 n
1
2 1 1
tt
[J]

Cong ky thuat:
tt kt
w . k w = [J/kg]
kt kt
w . G W = [J]


=
+ A =
0 q
w u q
tt

tt
w u = A

=
+ A =
0 q
w i q
kt

kt
w i = A

s = const
As = 0


0 q =

p
v
T
s
n = -
n = 0
n = 0
n = 1
n = k
n = k
n = 1
Nen Gian n
n = +
2
1
T
2
T
1
s
Qua trnh oan nhiet

Chuong 4 - Cac Qua Trinh Nhiet Dong Co Ban-Khi Ly Tuong

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Chuong 4 - Cac Qua Trinh Nhiet Dong Co Ban-Khi Ly Tuong

Uploaded by

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CBGD: Nguyen Th Minh Trinh

Chng 4: Cac qua trnh nhiet ong c ban cua kh ly tng - 1 -

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