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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

MUC LUC

Noi dung

Trang

Mu lu.....................................................................................................................334 c c Mo ho: Th hah Pha tch nh l g ...............................................................335 n c c n n n No dung th ta .....................................................................................................336 i c p Ch ng 1: Ph ng pha pha tch the ...............................................................337 p n tch Pha 1: Ph ng pha axit baz ..........................................................................337 n p Ba1: Pha che c dung d ............................................................................. 337 i ca ch Ba2: nh l g axit mah - baz mah ..........................................................340 i n n n Ba3: nh l g axit ye-baz mah nh l g acid mah-baz ye . 343 i n n u n n n n u Ba4: nh l g acid va n h acid ........................................................ 345 i n a ho p Ba5: nh l g baz va n h baz ..........................................................347 i n a ho p Ba6: nh l g muo......................................................................................350 i n i Pha 2: Ph ng pha oxi ho kh ......................................................................352 n p a Ba7: Chua Pemanganat nh l g Fe 2+, H2O2 va 2- ...........................352 i n o n NO Ba8: Chua Pemanganat nh l g Fe 3+, Cr6+ ..........................................354 i n o n Ba9: Ph ng pha Iod nh l g vitamin C, SO 32- .........................................356 i p n Ba10: Ph ng pha Iod - Cromat nh l g H2O2, Cu2+, Pb2+ ....................... 358 i p n Pha 3: Ph ng pha chua ph cha............................................................. 360 n p n o c t Ba11: nh l g Ca2+ - Mg2+ ........................................................................360 i n Ba12: nh l g Zn2+, Fe3+, Al3+ va n h Al3++ Fe3+ ...............................362 i n ho p Ba13: nh l g ho h Mg2++ Zn2+ va n h Mg2++ Ca2++ Fe3++ Al3+ . 365 i n n p ho p Ba14: nh l g Ba2+ va 42 ......................................................................368 i n SO Pha 4: Ph ng pha chua ke tu ................................................................. 370 n p n o t a Ba15: Ph ng pha Mohr va i p Volhard nh l g ion Clo ...............................370 n Ch ng 2: Ph ng pha pha tch khol g ..........................................................372 p n i n Ba16: Xa nh SO42 (hoa Ba2+)....................................................................372 i c c Ba17: Xa nh Fe3+ ........................................................................................ 373 i c Ba18: Xa nh Mg2+ ....................................................................................... 374 i c Ba19: Xa nh Photphat .................................................................................375 i c

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

MON HOC: THC HANH PHAN TCH NH LNG

Ma mon hoc: 056HO220 So n v hoc trnh: 3 Trnh o thuoc khoi kien thc: Khoc sngah. i n Phan bo thi gian: th hah 90 gimo ba5 gi ba c n , i i (18 i) ieu kien tien quyet: ho xong C slythuyeHo pha tch c t a n Mo ta van tat noi dung mon hoc: th hah mo so c n t thao ta pha tch nh l g c n n ca ion va t soh chathog dug c mo p t n n 7. Nhiem vu cua sinh vien: Tham d c va o lua y . Thi va m tra gi ho tha n a u kie a ho ky c theo qui che 04/1999/Q -BGD va T. 8. Tai lieu hoc tap: Gia trnh lythuye gia trnh th hah, ca sa h tham kha . o t, o c n c c o 9. Tai lieu tham khao: [1]. Nguye Tha Ca , T ng Nghi, o H Vinh - C s ly thuye ho ho n c t Vo a u t a c pha tch - Xua ba la 2, Ha i 1985 n t n n No [2]. La Ngo Thu C slythuyeho ho Pha tch - Hue 2002 m c t a c n 3/ [3]. Herbert A.Laitinen - Chemical analysis - LonDon, 1960 [4]. Nguye Tinh Dung - Ho ho pha tch, pha I. Lythuye c s- NXB Gia n a c n n t o Du - 1991 c [5]. LeXua Mai, Nguye Th Bah Tuye - Gia trnh Pha tch nh l g n n c t o n n NXB i ho Quo Gia Tp. HCM, 2000 a c c [6]. Hoag Minh Cha - C s ho ho pha tch - NXB Khoa ho Kythua, Ha n u a c n c t No, 2002 i [7]. T ng Nghi - Ho ho pha tch - NXB i ho Quo Gia Ha i, 2000 Vo a c n a c c no 10. Tieu chuan anh gia sinh vien: - Na no dung mo ho, kie tra th g xuye trong ca buo th hah. m c i n c m n n c i c n - Cotnh chu ng va i nghie tu trong ho ta . o tha o m c c p 11. Thang iem thi: 10/10 12. Muc tieu cua mon hoc: Giu cho sinh vie na v g ca thao ta th hah, hie p n m n c c c n u va n dug ng ca nguye ta pha tch l g ho trong pha lythuye va n u c n c n nh n a c n t nh : ph ng pha chua axit-baz, chua oxy ho kh chua ta ph , p n o n o a , n o o c chua ta tu va ng pha pha tch kho l g. n o o a ph p n i n 13. Noi dung mon hoc: Ch ng 1: nh l g the n tch Ch ng 2: nh l g khol g n i n

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

NOI DUNG THC TAP

Cahai hepha tch chuye ngah u la 18 bath hah n n n e m i c n - HeCao ng: Th hah t i 2 n ba19. a c n ba e i - Hetrung ca: Th hah ba1, 3 n ba19. p c n i e i

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

CHNG I: PHNG PHAP PHAN TCH THE TCH Phan 1: PHNG PHAP AXIT BAZ Bai 1: PHA CHE CAC DUNG DCH

I. KY THUAT PHA CHE HOA CHAT: 1.

Bai tnh mau: Ca pha V(lt) dung d A no g C M. Tnh kho l g ra (A) va g n n ch n o i n n l n c ca la. n y So mol cu A cotrong dung d = V.CM (mol). a ch Ne khol g A cotrong dung d = V.C M.MA (g): la i l g ca ca n i n ch kho n n n Gia s xem s pha tro gi (A) va 2O khog co s n a H n thay i venhie l g hay o t n vetnh cha cu ca cha t no ca h kha , trong s t a c t, c i c c pha tro na the n y tch cu cha ra a t n (A) khog a h h g n the n n n e tch chung cu dung d a ch. Ba na gi thie mo ph ng pha pha ng no g nh sa cu mo dung i y i u t p u n o a n a t d ma ng ca ca chnh xa . kha phu vie kho ca chnh xa gia tr so ch kho n n c e c c c n c c ca V.CM .MA (g), ma ca ca ga chnh xa (bag ca pha tch v l g ca) la n ch n n n c n n n i n n V.CM . MA m (g) (v m la trsai so i gia trong khi ca so v l g ca ye ca ) cho n i n n u u va beaker. Ne ca d mo t so v l g ca ca: V.C M . MA + m (g) o n n t i n n n The V(lt) H2O va co, th no g dung d cotrong co se : m o c n o ch c la C1M = [V.C .M
M A

m]

M A .V

CM

m (mol/lt) M A .V

Ro ng giatrna sai bie v no g ca pha la M mo l g ra y t i n o n C t n

m . M A .V

No ca h kha dung d v pha xong co no g " m" hn no g dung d i c c ch a n o a n o ch ca pha. co no g ca pha th pha pha loa g bag 1 mo l g H 2O cothe n e c n o n i n i n t n tch la : A dug quy ta g che : p n c n o
V dung d A coCM1 ch CM V' dung d H2O coOM ch CM1 - CM CM

V = C C1 C VH 2O

V H 2O

V.

C1 C

m M A .C

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2.
-

Ky thuat pha : Ca [V.CM . MA n m] l g ra (A) trong mo co kho ch. n n t c sa

m (lt) M A .C

Cho va co mo l g H2O laV + o c t n

Hu ra lal g the t i n tch dung d la (lt) th dung d A se no g la M ch V ch co n o C

Th nghiem 1: Pha che dung dch H 2C2O4 0.1N Sinh vie pha t n i tnh toa l g ca th te a H 2C2O4.2H2O, co% ghi tre n n n c cu c n bao b cu ho cha t ng g ta phog th nghie , pha 100ml dung d acid a a t n i n m e c ch 0.1N, khi ca pha la chnh xa n 0.0002g, co ca loa 100ml, pha sah, khova n i y c e c n i i c co nhie ca bag v phog ca, sau khi ca, the n ca loa CO 2 (n ca t o n n i n n n m c t a i c t so 10 phu , trong bnh kn va un i t e nguo n nhie phog) khoa g 30 40ml, dug i e t o n n n a thu tinh khua cho tan, chuye va bnh nh m 100ml theo a thu tinh qua u y y n o c u y phe , dug n ca tra g co 3 la , mo la 10ml, dug bnh tia r a va m u n c t n c n i n n a u nh c t vah, y na bnh nh m , o ng bnh 4 5 la , ch o nhech khog xo i c a p c a c n a c n c mah bnh. n Th nghiem 2: Pha che dung dch NaOH 0.1N V NaOH lamo cha ra de hu a , ha thuCO 2 mo tr g v va no de cha t t t t m p i n y y r , va a cho sa pha sai bie. Do , vie ca NaOH trong khog kh theo mo gia tr n m t o c n n t chnh xa cho tr la ie khog la trong u kie bnh th g. No ca h kha , c c u n m c ie n n i c c khog the n pha mo dung d NaOH co no g chnh xa nh mong muo, ma pha t ch n o c n ch dung d NaOH co no g xa x gia tr nh tr . dedag trong vie hie c ch n o p c e n c u chnh bag ca h pha loa g, ca pha ca l hn l g ca tnh theo ly thuye mo n c n n i n n n n t t l g nho (tuye i khog ne ca d qua nhie ro la ng ra tr la khi ca pha n t o n n n u i y c i), n i ca tha nhanh. n t Cha g ha pha che n n e 100ml dung d NaOH 0,1N th ca khoa g 0,4(g) NaOH ch n n ra trong ca kythua. Ro ho tan NaOH trong co ca bag 50ml n , dug a thu n n t i a c n n c n u y tinh khua cho tan, ch y nguo, sau la tie nh pha pha dung d axit. i o m p n ch Hoa cothe ng og chua NaOH 0,1N pha thah 1 lt dung d NaOH 0,1N c du n n e n ch Th nghiem 3: Pha dung dch HCl 0,1N Kha v hai dung d tre, dung d HCl pha t c i ch n ch c HCl m c, ca tnh the a a n tch HCl m c ca la labao nhie pha 100ml co no g 0.1N, sau a a n y u e c n o o chua b sa mo co loa 100ml coch sa 50ml n ca La pipe hu chnh xa the n n t c i a n c t. y t t c tch tnh, nhanh cho g nhug nga u pipet va trong co chua b sau that a n n p a o c a n , o t dug bnh tia r sah pipet, n r cho luo va co pha, sau chuye va nh , n a c c a n o c o n o m nh pha tre. c n n Hoa cothe ng og chua HCl 0,1N pha thah 1 lt dung d HCl 0,1N c du n n e n ch

II. PHA CHE MOT SO DUNG DCH:

Ca dung d d y la g v du u cho mo ca h pha t ng g nha ta c ch i a nh n ma t c n m o mo so t dung d hay chuye dug. Mo dung d ch khoa g 50mg ion/ml. ch n n i ch a n

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

1. -

Dung dch cha khoang 50mg cation/mL Hg22+ : Ag+ : Pb2+ : Hg2+ : Fe3+ : Fe2+ Bi3+ Al3+ Cr3+ Sn4+ Sb2+ Ba2+ : : : : : : : Hg2(NO3)2.2H2O 70g/l, the 2 gio HNO3 c. m t a AgNO3 20g/l, the 2 gioHNO3 c, g trong lo y tinh ma. m t a n thu u Pb(NO3)2 80g/l, the 2 gioHNO3 c. m t a Hg(NO3)2.1/2H2O 85g/l, the 2 gioHNO3 c m t a Fe(NO3)3.H2O 32g/l, pha trong NO3 0.1M FeCl3.6H2O 240g/, pha trong HCl 0.1M FeSO4.7H2O 248g/l, pha trong H2SO4 0.1M Bi(NO3)3.5H2O 115g/, pha trong HNO3 0.1M Al(NO3)3.9H2O 695g/l, pha trong HNO3 0.1M Cr(NO3)3.9H2O 385g/l, pha trong HNO3 0.1M SnCl4.5H2O 145g/l, pha trong HNO3 0.1M SbCl3 95g/l, pha trong HCl (1:1) Ba(NO3)2 95g/l BaCl2 90g/l Sr(NO3)2.4H2O 160g/l Ca(NO3)2.4H2O 160g/l CaCl2.6H2O 261g/l Mg(NO3)2.6H2O 530g/l Mn(NO3)2.6H2O 260g/l MnCl2.4H2O 180g/l MnSO4.7H2O 252g/l Cu(NO3)2.3H2O 190g/l, pha trong HNO3 0.1M Co(NO3)2.6H2O 246g/l, pha trong HNO3 0.1M Ni(NO3)2.6H2O 248g/l, pha trong HNO3 0.1M Cd(NO3)2.4H2O 137g/l, pha trong HNO3 0.1M Zn(NO3)2.6H2O 230g/l : : : : : : Na2SO4.10H2O 167.5g/l Na2SO3.7H2O 157.6g/l Na2S2O3.5H2O 111g/l Na2CO3 88.5g/l Na2HPO4 49g/l Na2SiO3 61g/l Na2SiO3.5H2O 136g/l NaCl 86.6g/l Na2S.H2O 376g/l NaNO3 68.5g/l : NaCH3COO.3H2O 115g/l

Sr2+ : Ca2+ : Mg2+ : Mn2+ :

2. -

Cu2+ Co2+ Ni2+ Cd2+ Zn2+ SO42 SO32 S2O32 CO32 PO43 SiO32

: : : : :

Dung dch cha khoang 50mg anion/mL

Cl : 2 S : NO3 : CH3COO

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Bai 2: NH LNG AXIT MANH - BAZ MANH

I. CHUAN B:
1. Chua bca dung d sau: NaOH 0.1N, 2N, 5N n c ch Dung d H2C2O4 0,1N ch Dung d HCl 0,1N ch Dung d Na2B4O7 0,1N ch Ca ch th phenolphtalein, MO, MR c : Pha che dung dch H2C2O4 0.1N:

Sinh vie pha t tnh toa l g ca th tecu H 2C2O4.2H2O, co p% ( tinh n i n n n c a o khie ghi tre bao b cu ho cha t ng g ta phog th nghie , cha g ha, t) c n a a t n i n m n n e pha 100ml dung d acid 0.1N, khi ca pha la chnh xa n 0.0002g, co ca c ch n i y c e c n loa 100ml, pha sah, khova nhie ca bag v phog ca. Sau khi ca, the i i c co t o n n i n n n m n ca loa CO2 (n ca so 10 phu , trong bnh kn va c t a i c t un i t e nguo n nhie i e t o phog) khoa g 30 40ml, dug a thu tinh khua cho tan, chuye va bnh nh m n n n u y y n o c 100ml theo a thu tinh qua phe , dug n ca tra g co 3 la , mo la 10ml, dug u y u n c t n c n i n n bnh tia r a va m t vah, y na bnh nh m , o ng bnh 4 5 la , a u nh c i c a p c a c n ch o nhe khog xo mah bnh. a ch n c n Chu y: Ca dung d s dug trong qua trnh pha tch nh l g ta Gia c ch c n n n i o N trnh na u tnh theo no g C y e c n o 0,05 - 0,1 N. y ch trnh ba ca h pha a y c chung i v ca cha de ho tan trong n vaqua trnh ho tan to hay thu nhie o i c t a c a a t khog ng keCa h pha v ca cha kha cu g v ky n a . c i c t c n i thua t ng t ch kha l g t , c n ca va tch bnh nh m , khog ne pha tr tie tre bnh nh m . Ca dung n the c n n c p n c c d go pha pha hes ca tha va ch c i c t c n n chnh xa v noquye nh n ng c t e o u cu phe nh l g. a p n 2. Pha che dung dch NaOH 0.1N: V NaOH lamo cha ra de hu a , ha thuCO 2 mo tr g v va no de cha t t t t m p i n y y r , va a cho sa pha sai bie. Do , vie ca NaOH trong khog kh theo mo gia tr n m t o c n n t chnh xa cho tr la ie khog la trong u kie bnh th g. No ca h kha , c c u n m c ie n n i c c khog the n pha mo dung d NaOH co no g chnh xa nh mong muo, ma pha t ch n o c n ch dung d NaOH co no g xa x gia tr nh tr . dedag trong vie hie c ch n o p c e n c u chnh bag ca h pha loa g, ca pha ca l hn l g ca tnh theo ly thuye mo n c n n i n n n n t t l g nho (tuye i khog ne ca d qua nhie ro la ng ra tr la khi ca pha n t o n n n u i y c i), n i ca tha nhanh. n t Cha g ha pha che100ml dung d NaOH 0,1N th ca chnh xa khoa g n n e ch n c n 0,4(g) NaOH ra bag ca ky n n n thua. Ro ho tan NaOH trong co bag 50ml n , dug t i a c n c n a thu tinh khua cho tan, chnguo, sau la tie nh pha pha dung d axit u y y i o m p n ch tre. n Hoa cothe ng og chua NaOH 0,1N pha thah 1 lt. c du n n n

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

3.

Pha dung dch HCl 0,1N:

Kha v hai dung d tre pha t c cha ra, dung d HCl pha t c i ch n c ca t n ch c HCl , ca tnh thetch HCl ca la la n n y bao nhie pha 100ml co no g u e c n o 0.1N, sau chua b sa mo co loa 100ml co ch sa 50ml n ca La pipe hu o n n t c i a n c t. y t t chnh xa the c tch tnh, nhanh cho g nhu g nga u pipet va trong co chua b a n n p a o c a n , sau tha t t dug bnh tia r sah pipet, n r cho luo va co pha, sau o , n a c c a n o c o chuye va nh m nh pha tre. n o c n n Hoa ne pha t ng chua HCl 0,1N thah 1 lt dung d c n o n n ch.

II. NH LNG DUNG DCH NAOH:

Th nghiem 1: Hu chnh xa 5 ml dung d H2C2O4 0,1N cho va erlen, la 3 ma . t c ch o m u The va mo ma khoa g 30 ml n ca+ 3 giophenolphtalein, la nhe m o i u n c t t c . Na dung d NaOH (la p ch dung d NaOH pha t ch a c NaOH ra tre) le n n n buret 25 ml. T buret, nho t g gio NaOH xuog erlen cho n khi dung d n t n e ch chuye t ng ma sang ho g. Ghi thetch NaOH tie to. Cu g la t ng t n kho u n u n n m vi 2 erlen co la n i. T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NaOH the o c u n o ch Cau hoi:

1. 2. 3.

Ta sao pha the 30ml n ca va dung d acid khi tie hah chua i i m c t o ch n n n o H2C2O4 0,1 N bag NaOH? n Khi the n ca va dung d acid th no g cu acid vathetch NaOH m c t o ch n o a chua cothay i g khog? n o o n Ha tnh khoa g no g dung d NaOH trong 3 th nghie tre v tin ca y n n o ch m n i o y 95%? Hu 10 ml dung d ma NaOH + 30 ml n ca +3 gio pp cho va erlen, la 3 t ch u c t t o m ma u chua bag dung d HCl 0,1N cho n khi dung d chuye t ma em n o n ch e ch n u ho g tm sang khog ma. Ghi the n n u tch axit HCl 0,1N tie to. u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NaOH. the o c u n o ch Gia thch s c bie vegia tr cu no g i kha t a n odung d NaOH trong 2 th nghie ch m tre? n Khi the n ca va dung d NaOH th ke qua chua co thay i g m c t o ch t n o o khog? n

Th nghiem 2: -

Cau hoi:

1. 2.

III. NH LNG DUNG DCH HCl:

Th nghiem 1: Hu 10 ml HCl v pha t t a dung d HCl m c tre, va erlen + 30 ml n ca ch a a n o c t v 3 giophenolphtalein, cu g la 3 ma . i t n m u

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Cho dung d NaOH CN v xa nh tre, va buret: nho t t dung d ch a c n o ch NaOH xuog erlen coch ma cho n khi dung d chuye t ng ma sang n a u e ch n kho u ma ho g nha Ghi the u n t. tch NaOH nhoxuog. a n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d HCl. the o c u n o ch

Th nghiem 2: La lath nghie 1 v ch th MR, so sa h v tr g h hie chnh bag ch th p i m i n i n p u n phenolphtalein. Th nghiem 3: La la th nghie 1 v ch th MO, so sa h v tr g h hie chnh bag p i m i n i n p u n phenolphtalein. Th nghiem 4: Hu 10 ml Na2B4O7 0,1N va erlen + 20 ml n cav 3 gioMR . t o c t i t N Na dung d HCl v xa nh C tre, va buret. T p ch a c n o buret nho dung d HCl ch xuog erlen co ch ma cho n khi dung d chuye t u vag chanh sang n a u e ch n ma n ma ho g ta .Ghi the u n tch HCl tie to . u n T tch HCl, tnh chnh xa la no g cu HCl va sa h v tr g h hie the c i n o a so n i n p u chnh bag dung d NaOH. n ch Ha tnh khoa g no g dung d HCl trong 4 th nghie tre v tin ca y n n o ch m n i o y 95% V sao th nghie 4 khog the o v tr : tre buret ch Na 2B4O7 va m n i n a erlen ch a HCl ?

Cau hoi :

1. 2.

Chu y: ba na ch gi thie 3 ca h pha chedung d vaphe hie chnh i y i u c ch p u chu g. Co nh g ba sau, pha t pha checa dung d chua, co dung d ma la n n n i i c ch n n ch u do gia vie pha t giao cho sinh vie. o n tr c n Qua buo th hah sinh vie xa nh no g cu dung d ma va li ca i c n n c n o a ch u tra c ca ho vieba ca cho gia vie. u i e t o o o n Gia vie ne thu ba ba ca sau mo buo th nghie Ca ke qu ba ca nh o n n i o o i i m c t a o o l g, u tnh cho tin ca = 95%. V thegia vie ne h g da la cho n e c o y o n n n n i sinh vie ca pha : n c n - Ca h ca hoacha c n t - Ca h hie chnh ca khol g va tch c u n i n the o - Tnh sai so ng ke tho - Tnh sai so phe chua the cho p n o tch Cuomo buoTh nghie , ca sinh vie no ca lo u r sah, coda i i i m c n p c ma a c a c n nha so cu mnh gia vie chua b ca ma buo th nghie sau. n to a e o n n c u i m No g dung d ca ba ca cu sinh vie cothe gyla n o ch n o o a n c i : - V chua Acid - baz : CN hay CM i n o - V chua oxy hoakh : CN hay CM i n o - V chua ta ph : CN hay CM i n o o c - V chua ta tu va p kho l g: C% hay Cppm. i n o o a phe i n
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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Bai 3: NH LNG N AXIT YEU - BAZ MANH NH LNG N ACID MANH - BAZ YEU

I. CHUAN B :
Chua bca dung d sau: NaOH 0,1N n c ch Dung d CH3COOH 0,1N ch Ca ch th Phenolphtalein, MO, MR c :

II. NH LNG ACID YEU - BAZ MANH:

Th nghiem 1: tr Dung d ma la ch u dung d CH3COOH CN (0,1N - 0,5N) gia vie pha ch c o n , sinh vie khog bietr c n n c t c Hu chnh xa 10 ml dung d ma CH 3COOH bag pipet ba 5 ml cho va erlen, t c ch u n u o la 3 ma . The va mo ma khoa g 20 ml n ca+ 3 gioPP, la nhe m u m o i u n c t t c . Na dung d NaOH 0,1N le buret 25 ml. T p ch n buret, nho t g gio NaOH xuog n t n erlen cho n khi dung d chuye t ng ma sang ho g nha (be trong 10 e ch n kho u n t n gia). Ghi the y tch NaOH tie to. Cu g la t ng t i 2 erlen co la u n n m v n i. T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d CH 3COOH the o c u n o ch

Th nghiem 2: Dung d ma ladung d NaOH C N (0,1N - 0,5N) gia vie pha tr , ch u ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c Hu 10 ml dung d NaOH C N + 20 ml n ca +3 gio pp cho va erlen, la 3 t ch c t t o m ma u chua bag CH3COOH 0,1N cho n khi dung d chuye t u ho g em n o n e ch n ma n tm sang khog ma. Ghi the n u tch CH3COOH 0,1N tie to. T tch u n the o c 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NaOH u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. Khi pha the n ca va erlen trong b 2 th nghie 1, co la thay i so m c t o c m m o ng l g cu dung d HCl khog? Cho bie ca tnh so ng l g th n a ch n t c n nghie na? m y 2. B nha chua cu vie chua dung d CH 3COOH bag dung d NaOH c y n o a c n ch n ch co g kha v b nha trong vie chua dung d HCl bag dung d NaOH? c i c y c n ch n ch Gia thch? i 3. Khi tie hah chua axit ye bag baz mah ne thay ch th pp bag MR n n n o u n n u n hoa MO co khog? Gi MR va c c n a MO coga a h h g g kha nhau khog? y n n c n ( ch g minh, sinh vie ca th nghie ngay bag ca h thay Phenolphtalein e n n n c m n c bag MO va n MR)

III.

CHUAN O N AXIT MANH - BAZ YEU:

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Hoacha: dung d chua HCl 0,1N t ch n Ch thMR ,n ca c t

Th nghiem 1: Dung d ma la ch u dung d NH3 CN (0,1N - 0,5N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr n n c t c Hu 10ml dung d ma cho va bnh no 250ml + 20ml n ca 3 gio MR t ch u o n c t, t (0.1% trong co ) n Na dung d HCl 0,1N va buret. Chua bag dung d HCl n khi dung p ch o n o n ch e d t u vag chuye sang ma cam, ghi the ch ma n n u o tch HCl tie to u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NH3. the o c u n o ch Thay ch thPhenolphtalein bag MR va n MO, nha xe . n t Th nghiem 2: Dung d ma la ch u dung d NH3 CN (0,1N - 0,5N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr n n c t c Hu 10 ml HCl chua 0,1N va erlen + 20 ml n cav 3 gioMR , la 3 ma t n o c t i t m u Na dung d ma NH3 CN le buret. T buret nho dung d NH 4OH 0,1 N p ch u n ch xuog erlen co ch HCl cho n khi dung d chuye t ma ho g sang ma n a e ch n u n u vag chanh. Ghi the n tch NH4OH tie to (la 3 ma ). u n m u T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NH 3 the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. 2. 3. Trong th nghie 1, khi thay Phenolphtalein bag MO vaMR th ca gia tr V m n c (NH3) thu na cosai so nha? Gia thch? c o be t i V sao trong 2 th nghie b cug dung d HCl va 3, cug ch thMR, nh ng m i n ch NH n lacos i chuye ma ng nhau? n u c V 2 ca h chua kha nhau 2 th nghie , cho bie th nghie na cho phe i c n o c m t m o p xa nh no g NH3 chnh xa hn? Gia thch? c n o c i

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Bai 4: NH LNG A ACID VA HON HP ACID

I. CHUAN B Hoacha dung d chua NaOH 0,1N va t: ch n 5N Ch thMR, Phenolphtalein, n ca c t

II. NH LNG ACID A CHC H 3PO4: Th nghiem 1: Dung d ma la ch u dung d H3PO4 CN (0,1N - 0,5N ) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c Hu 20 ml ma + 10 ml H2O ca+ 1 gioMO 0,1 % va erlen, la 3 ma . t u t t o m u Chua bag dung d NaOH 0,1N cho n khi dung d chuye t ma n o n ch e ch n u o sang cam. Ghi the o tch NaOH tie to ( t la MO) u n a V Tie tu cho va ma 3 gio PP, ro chua tie bag dung d NaOH, ghi the p c o u t i n o p n ch tch NaOH tie to la sau ( t la PP). La t ng t 2 ma co la u n n a V m cho u n i. T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d H 3PO4 CN the o c u n o ch Th nghiem 2: Dung d ma la ch u dung d H3PO4 CN (0,1N - 0,5N ) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c Hu 10 ml dung d H3PO4 CN bag pipet ba 5 ml cho va erlen (la 3 ma ), t ch n u o m u the va mo ma khoa g 10 ml n ca+ the 1 gioMO 0,1%, la nhe m o i u n c t m t c . Na dung d NaOH 0,1N le buret 25 ml. T p ch n buret, nho t g gio NaOH xuog n t n erlen cho n khi dung d chuye t u cam sang vag cam. Ghi thetch e ch n ma o n NaOH tie to (VMO) u n Cho tie tu va ma 3 gio PP. Chua tie bag NaOH cho n khi dung d p c o u t n o p n e ch chuye t u vag cam sang ho g cam. Ghi thetch NaOH tie to (V PP). La n ma n n u n m t ng t 3 ma co la cho u n i T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d H 3PO4 CN the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. 2. III. nh giakequ tm 2 TN na. Gia thch? a t a c y i Ne thay MO bag Bromcrezol lu 0,1% / Etanol 20% (BCL) th ke qu co thay u n c t a i khog? Gia thch? o n i NH LNG HON HP AXIT HCl + H 3PO4:

Hoacha dung d chua NaOH 2N t: ch n Ch thMO, Phenolphtalein, n ca c t Dung d ma la ch u dung d ho h [HCl + H 3PO4 ] (0,1N - 0,5N) gia vie ch n p c o n pha tr , sinh vie khog bietr c n n c t c Hu 5 ml ho h ma + 10 ml H2O ca+ 1gio MO 0,1 %. t n p u t t

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1. 2.

Chua bag dung d NaOH 0.5N cho n khi dung d chuye t cam n o n ch e ch n o sang vag cam. Ghi the n tch NaOH tie to (V MO). u n Sau cho the 3 gio Phenolphtalein va erlen, tie tu chua bag dung o m t o p c n o n d NaOH cho n khi dung d chuye t vag cam sang ho g cam. Ghi the ch e ch n n n tch NaOH tie to (Vpp). La t ng t i 2 ma co la u n m v u n i. T tch 3 ma , tnh no g t g dung d acid trong ho h the o c u n o n ch n p Gia thch ca b tie hah trong kythua. T thie la cog th tnh i c c a n n t o t p n c no g t g acid cotrong ho h? n o n n p Tnh sai so chua na I va c II cu axit Photphoric cho pK 1=2.12, pK2=7.21, n o c na a pK3=12.38?

Cau hoi:

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Bai 5: NH LNG A BAZ VA HON HP BAZ

I. CHUAN B :
Hoa cha dung d chua HCl 0.1N, dung d NaHCO3 0.1N, dung d NaOH t: ch n ch ch chua 0.1N, BaCl2 0.1N n Ch thMR, BromCresol lu, PP, n ca c c t

II. NH LNG BAZ A CHC Na2CO3:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Na2CO3 CN (0,1N - 0,5N) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c Hu 5 ml dung d ma Na2CO3 CN + 10 ml n ca + 3 gio pp cho va erlen, t ch u c t t o la 3 ma , dung d seco ma ho g m. Ro hu 5 ml NaHCO 3 0,1N + 10 ml m u ch u n a i t n ca + 3 gio PP cho va erlen th 4 la bnh ch g (co ma ho g tm c t t o e m n u n nha t). Chua ca ma bag dung d HCl 0,1N cho n khi dung d chuye t u n o c u n ch e ch n ma ho g tm m sang ma cu bnh ch g. Ghi the n a u a n tch HCl tie to (V pp) . u n The tie tu 1 gio MO va ma , dung d chuye sang ma ho g tm a h cam, m p c t o u ch n u n n ro cho t g gio HCl t n buret nho xuog cho n khi dung d chuye sang i n t tre n e ch n cam. so ma khoa g 2-3 phu , nguo. Ro tie tu chua bag HCl 0,1N em un i u n t e i i p c n o n cho n khi dung d chuye t cam sang cam. Ghi thetch HCl tie to e ch n o u n (VMO) . T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Na 2CO3 the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. V sao vie chua dung d Na2CO3 la dug dung d NaHCO3 la ch g c n o ch i n ch m n e so sa h ma ta m t ng ng? n u i ie 2. Thie la cog th tnh no g Na2CO3. Gia thch v sao pha dug n hai ch t p n c n o i i n e th ?

III.
-

NH LNG HON HP NaOH VA Na 2CO3:

Hoacha dung d chua HCl 0,1N, dung d NaHCO 3 0,1N t: ch n ch Ch th Phenolphtalein, MO, n ca : c t Dung d ma la n h dung d (NaOH + Na2CO3) CN (0,1N - 0,5N) ch u ho p ch c gia vie pha tr , sinh vie khog bietr . o n c n n c t c Th nghiem 1: Hu chnh xa 5 ml ho h ma NaOH + Na 2CO3 CN va ml n ca loa t c n p u 10 c t a i bo CO2 + 3 gio PP cho va erlen (la 3 ma ). Ca hu 5 ml NaHCO3 0,1 N+ 10 t o m u n t ml n ca+ 3 gioPP cho va erlen 4 la bnh ch g (coma ho g tm). c t t o e m n u n Sau tie hah chua ca ma bag dung d HCl chua 0,1N cho n khi o n n n o c u n ch n e dung d chuye sang ma cu bnh ch g. Ghi the ch n u a n tch HCl tie to (Vpp ). u n

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The tie tu 3 gio MO va ma ro cho t g gio HCl t n buret nho xuog m p c t o u i n t tre n cho n khi dung d chuye t u cam sang vag cam e ch n ma o n so ma khoa g 2 - 3 phu , nguo. Ro tie tu chua bag HCl em un i u n t e i i p c n o n chua 0,1N cho n khi dung d chuye t vag cam sang ho g cam. Ghi the n e ch n n n tch HCl tie to (VMO) u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d ho h the o c u n o ch n p Cho 3 ma ho h dung d va 3 bnh no , mo bnh 10ml ma + khoa g 20ml u n p ch o n i u n n loa he CO2 + 3 gio MO, chua bag dung d HCl cho n khi dung c a i t t n n ch e d chuye t u vag sang ma da cam, ghi the ch n ma n u tch HCl tie to t la MO. u n c V La la 3 ma cho va 3 bnh no , mo bnh 10ml ma + 20ml n loa he i y u o n i u c a i t o CO2 + 20ml dung d BaCl 2 1N, no g khoa g 50 C, nguo + 3gio ch un n n e i t Phenolphtalein. Chua bag dung d HCl cho n khi dung d chuye t u n n ch e ch n ma ho g sang khog ma, ghi the n n u tch HCl tie to t la PP. u n c V Trong hai th nghie tre, m kha bie quan trog cu chu g lag? Vie m n ie c t n a n t N ph ng trnh pha g minh hoa Tnh C cu t g cha trong ho h 2 th n n . a n t n p nghie ? m So sa h VPP vaVMO trong chua nh l g Na2CO3 vaho h NaOH + n n o n n p Na2CO3 th nghie 1? Nha xe , t o a ra cog th tnh ha l g %? Tnh m n t n c m n sai so g v hai ch th boqua tan cu CO 2? n i , o a V sao pha so khi giai n chua v ch thMO? i un i oa n o i NH LNG HON HP NaHCO3 + Na2CO3:

Th nghiem 2:

Cau hoi: 1.

2.

3.

IV.

Th nghiem 1: Dung d ma la n h dung d (NaHCO 3 + Na2CO3) CN (0,1N - 0,5N) ch u ho p ch c gia vie pha tr , sinh vie khog bietr o n c n n c t c Hu 5 ml ho h ma cho va erlen + 10 ml n ca + 2 gio MO (la 3 ma ). t n p u o c t t m u Ro chua bag dung d HCl chua 0,1 N cho n khi dung d chuye sang i n o n ch n e ch n cam. Ghi the o tch HCl tie to (VMO). u n Hu 5 ml ho h ma cho va erlen + 10 ml n ca + 10 ml NaOH 0,1 N+ 10 t n p u o c t ml BaCl2 0,1 N (la 3 ma ). no g khoa g 50 600C, nguo, khog m u em un n n e i n ca lo ke tu ro cho 3 gio PP. Sau chua bag dung d HCl chua n c t a i t o em n o n ch n 0,1 N cho n khi dung d mama ho g tm. Ghi the e ch t u n tch HCl tie to (Vpp ) . u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g ho h dung d the o c u n o n p ch Th nghiem 2: Dung d ma la n h dung d (NaHCO 3 + Na2CO3) CN (0,1N - 0,5N) ch u ho p ch c gia vie pha tr , sinh vie khog bietr . o n c n n c t c Hu chnh xa 10 ml ho h ma + 10 ml n ca + 3 gio Phenolphtalein cho t c n p u c t t va erlen (la 3 ma ). Ca hu 10 ml NaHCO 3 0,1 N + 10 ml n ca +3gio PP o m u n t c t t cho va erlen 4 la bnh ch g (coma ho g tm). o e m n u n

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1. 2.

Sau tie hah chua ca ma bag dung d HCl chua 0,1N cho n khi o n n n o c u n ch n e dung d chuye t ma ho g tm m sang ma cu bnh ch g. Ghi thetch ch n u n a u a n HCl tie to (Vpp). u n The tie tu 1 gio MO va ma ro cho t g gio HCl t n buret nho xuog m p c t o u i n t tre n cho n khi dung d chuye t u vag cam sang ho g cam. e ch n ma n n so ma khoa g 2-3 phu , nguo. Ro tie tu chua bag HCl em un i u n t e i i p c n o n chua 0,1N cho n khi dung d chuye sang ho g cam. Ghi thetch HCl tie n e ch n n u to (VMO) n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g ho h dung d the o c u n o n p ch

Cau hoi: Ne s c bie gi hai ph ng pha a dug trong 2 th nghie tre. u kha t a p a c p n m n Th nghie na cho ke quacosai so hn? Gia thch m o t be i Chu y: V ba sau co ca dung d chua b tr c t nha 1 nga, ne cuo i c ch c n t y n i buo th hah na, sinh vie ca ho gia vie ta pha tr dung d na nha i c n y n n i o n e p c ch y m chua bcho buoth hah sau. n i c n

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BAI 6: NH LNG MUOI

I. CHUAN B: Hoacha ca dung d NaOH 0,1N t: c ch HCl 0,1 N, HNO3 1:1, KNO3 0,03 N, NH4NO3 0,5 N (NH4)6Mo7O24 15% Ch th Phenolphtalein, MR :

II. NH LNG HAM LNG PHOTPHAT: Dung d ma la ch u dung d H3PO4 CN (0,1N - 0,5N) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr . n n c t c La 5 bnh erlen, coghi so n tie theo do y nha e n i Bnh 1 va5: Dug pipet ba hu 10 ml ma H 3PO4 + 5 ml HNO3 1:1 + 5 ml n u t u 0 NH4NO3 3%, no g khoa g 60 70 C, the t ml (NH4)6Mo7O24 10%, khua un n n m t 20 y nhe lag 2 gi , e n . Bnh 3 va4: Dug pipet ba hu 10 ml ma H3PO4 + 5 ml HNO3 1:1 + 5 ml n u t u NH4NO3 3% + 20 ml (NH4)6Mo7O24 10%, la nhe no g khoa g 60 700C, lag c , un n n e n 2 gi . Bnh 2: Dug pipet ba hu 10 ml ma H 3PO4 + 5 ml HNO3 1:1 + 5 ml NH4NO3 n u t u 3% + 20 ml (NH4)6Mo7O24 10%, la nhe no g khoa g 60 700C, lag qua m c , un n n e n e (ba4 ca sinh vie chua bdung d na ro). i c n a n ch y i Lo ketu bag gia lo bag xanh, v ha ketu ra m va t detro theo n c t a n y c n t t a t n ra i c tra g ne khog d lo qua 1/3 phe , sau khi chuye he ke tu le n n n c o ch c u n t t a n phe , mo t ke tu va co ba tre thah erlen, dug NH 4NO3 3% tra g erlen u t t a n n m n n n n 3 la (mo la la ml), sau dug KNO 3 3% tra g va n i n 5 o n n chuye ke tu le phe , n t a n u ch th hie i v ca bnh 1, 3, 4 co ca bnh 2, 5 th dug NH 4NO3 3% c n o i c n c n e tra g hoa toa thay cho KNO3 3%, qua trnh tra g ca bnh cho n khi n n n n n c e c tra g trung tnh (th bag gia pH) ,va tu cho n khi tu he axit (th bag n n y r a a e a t n gia pH). y Chuye ke tu cug gia lo va ng ca erlen s dug tr ,cho the n t a n y c o u c a n c o m n ca va erlen va c mah tu khog co ba tre gia lo. Ketie cho c t o la n e a n n m n y c p va mo erlen 3 gioPhenolphtalein o i t Chua bag dung d NaOH 0,1N nho xuog erlen ho tan tu cho n khi n n ch n e a a e dung d chuye t ma vag chanh sang ma ho g nha (ne l g ke tu ch n u n u n t u n t a nhie th cothe ng NaOH cono g cao hn), sau cho d the khoa g 2 ml u du n o o m n NaOH n , ghi tog the a n tch NaOH s dug. La u, chua l g NaOH a n c e em n n d bag dung d HCl 0,1 N cho n khi dung d ma ma ho g nha Ghi the n ch e ch t u n t. tch HCl tie to. u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g PO 43-. the o c u n o

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Cau hoi: 1. 2. 3. Gia thch vai tro a ca ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu c a t a n i c p Ha thiela cog th tnh no g PO43 ? y t p n c n o nh gia vie nh l g H3PO4 bag dung d NaOH (ba 3) va i 5). Ru ra a c n n ch i (ba t nha xe g ve2 ca h nh l g th hah? n t c n a c n

III. XAC NH HAM LNG MUOI AMONI: Dung d ma la ch u dung d NH4Cl CN (0,1N - 0,5N) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c Dug pipet ba hu 5 ml NH4Cl 0,1 N + 25ml NaOH chua 0,1 N cho va erlen n u t n o (la 3 ma ). m u tre be n khoa g 5 -10 phu i v mo ma , cho n khi ca co 1/ 3 un n p ie n t o i i u e n n thetch ban u, th xem bay he hi NH 3 ch a (bag gia quy m ), sau a a t n y ta t nguo o e i The 2 gio MR. chua bag dung d chua HCl 0,1N cho n khi m t em n o n ch n e dung d chuye t ng chanh sang ho g tm. Ghi the ch n va n tch HCl tie to. u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NH 4Cl. the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. 2. Vie ca pha g xa ra vacog th tnh cho mo tr g h xa nh t c n n y n c i n p c CH3COOH, NH3, NH4Cl? Tnh sai so g v t g ch ths dug khi xa nh CH 3COOH va 3? n i n n c NH

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Phan 2: PHNG PHAP OXI HOA KH Bai 7: CHUAN O PEMANGANAT NH LNG Fe2+, H2O2 VA NO2-

I. CHUAN B: - Dung d H2SO4 2N ch - Dung d chua KMnO4 0,05N ch n - Dung d H2C2O4 0,05N ch II. NH LNG Fe2+: Th nghiem 1: Xac nh chnh xac nong o dung dch KMnO 4 Hu 10ml H2C2O4 0,05N va bnh no + 5ml H2SO4 2N, no g 80-90oC trong 3 t o n un n phu , la u. La 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml trong bnh no 250ml. t c e m u n n Chua bag dung d KMnO4 n khi dung d coma ho g nha n n ch e ch u n t T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d KMnO 4 the o c u n o ch - Dung d H2SO4 2N ch - Dung d H3PO4 m c ch a a - Ho h ba vezymmerman n p o

Th nghiem 2: Dung d ma la ch u dung d Fe2+ (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh vie ch c o n c n khog bietr no g n c t c n o. Hu 10 ml ma + 1ml H3PO4 m c + 5ml H2SO4 2N la u, la 3 ma trong 3 t u a a c e m u bnh no 250ml trong bnh no 250ml. n n Chua bag dung d KMnO4 0,05N n khi dung d coma ho g nha n n ch e ch u n t. 2+ T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Fe . the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. 2. Tasao khi chua Fe 2+ bag KMnO4 chua khog ca pha no g? i n o n n n n i un n Gia thch vai tro a ca dung d H2SO4 va 3PO4 trong th nghie ? i cu c ch H m

III. NH LNG HAM LNG CUA NO2-: Dung d ma la ch u dung d KNO2 CN (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr no g . n n c t c n o Hu 5ml KMnO4 0,05N va erlen + 1gio H2SO4 0.01N (chnh vepH 5-6), la u t o t c e o no g tre be ca h thu (40- 50 C) trong 3 phu , la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no un n n p c y t m u n 250ml. Chua bag dung d ma n khi dung d co ma ho g nha (lu u ca n n ch u e ch u n t c a n chua nhanh cho t khi co ma ho g nha th chua cha cho n khi ma n o i u n t n o m e t ma) u T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NO 2-. the o c u n o ch

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Cau hoi: 1. 2. 3. Ta sao khi ba u chua th ta pha chua nhanh va i no g dung d i t a n o i n pha un n ch tr khi chua ? c n o Co thechua nitrit bag KMnO4 trong mo tr g trung tnh hay kie hay n o n i n m khog? n Khi chua tha xua hie ketu na th ca pha x lynh the o? n o y t n t a u n i na

IV. NH LNG HAM LNG CUA H 2O2: Dung d ma la ch u dung d H2O2 (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr no g . n n c t c n o Hu 5ml ma + 5ml H2SO4 2N, la u, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml trong 3 t u c e m u n bnh no 250ml. n Chua bag dung d chua KMnO4 0.05N n khi dung d co ma ho g nha n n ch n e ch u n t (be trong 30 gia), ghi the n y tch KMnO4 0.05N tie to. u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d H 2O2 cotrong ma . the o c u n o ch u Cau hoi: 1. Ne thay i v tr ca cha ng la trong th nghie : co g KMnO 4 va u o c t c i m c n buret g dung d ma , th kequacothay i khog? Gia thch? n ch u t o n i 2. V d u thu t nghie , ha tnh sai so p chua na? i lie c th m y phe n o y 3. V sao khi chua axit Oxalic, Nitrit ca pha no g, co chua Sa II va n o n i un n n n o t Hydro peoxyt th khog ca no g? n n un n Chu y: V basau codung d chua btr t nha1 nga, ne cuobuo i ch c n c t y n i i th hah na, sinh vie ca ho gia vie ta pha tr dung d K 2Cr2O7 cho ba c n y n n i o n e p c ch i th nghie sau? m

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Bai 8: CHUAN O PEMANGANAT NH LNG Fe3+, Cr6+

I. CHUAN B: Dung d KMnO4 0,05N ch Dung d H2C2O4 0,05N ch Dung d SnCl2 10% ch Dung d H2SO4 2N ch Dung d K2Cr2O7 10% ch Dung d m ace pH = 5.5 ch e tat Dung d AgNO3 0,05N ch Dung d HCl 1:1 ch Dung d H2SO4 10% ch Dung d CH3COOH 10% ch Dung d Amonioxalat 1% ch Dung d AgNO3 0.1N ch Ch thMO 0.1% Ch thFeroin CH3COOH m c a a Ch thMR Dung d Zymmerman ch

II. NH LNG Fe3+: Dung d ma la ch u dung d Fe3+ (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr no g . n n c t c n o Hu 10ml ma + 5ml H2SO4 6N, la va un sodung d 60-70oC t u c i ch Nhot g gioSnCl2 10% cho n khi dung d mama vag n t e ch t u n Khi dung d chuye ma th nhothe 2gion va m nguo dung d bag ch a n u m t a la i ch n ca h pha loa g dung d bag n ca n tog the c n ch n c t e n tch 100ml. Cho 5ml HgCl2 5% va, dung d co ke tu da lu trag (ne co ke tu trag o ch t a i a n u t a n bog, hoa xa pha la lat a ). n c m en i m i u The 10ml ho h Zymmerman. m n p Chua bag dung d KMnO4 0,05N t dung d coma ho g nhabe n n ch i ch u n t n Chu y: ne ma laquag sa muo co la Sa II th ha l g laSa tog ch u u n t, i n t m n t n khog pha la t III n i Sa Cau hoi: 1. Khi xa nh Fe3+, giai n cho SnCl 2 va, v sao ne tha ke tu xa th c oa o u y t a m en pha hu ma kha la la t a ? Ta sao pha cho d 2 gio SnCl 2 sau khi dung i t u c m i u i i t d mama vag? Ma vag la ch t u n u n o g? Vai tro a ho h Zymmerman? cu n p NH LNG HAM LNG CUA Cr 6+:

2. III.

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Cr2O72- (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr no g no g . n n c t c n o n o Hu 5ml ma va erlen + 10 ml Fe 2+ 0,05N + 5ml H2SO4 2N, la u, no g t u o c e un n 70-80oC trong 3 phu , la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml trong 3 bnh no 250ml. t m u n n Chua bag dung d KMnO4 0,05N, m t ng ng nha khi dung n o n ch ie n c d chuye t u xanh laca sang ma ho g nha ch n ma y u n t. T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Cr 2O72-. the o c u n o ch
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Cau hoi: 1. 2. IV. a ra ca cog th tnh va g minh? c n c ch n Gia thch quy trnh ky i thua bag ph ng trnh pha g? t n n n NH LNG ION Ca2+:(phng phap the)

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Ca 2+ (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr no g n n c t c n o Hu 10ml dung d ma + 20ml (NH4)2C2O4 0,05N + 5ml CH3COOH 10% + 1 t ch u gio MO 0,1% + 50 gio NH4OH 2N chnh dung d vema vag (ch th MO), t t e ch u n la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml trong 3 bnh no 250ml. m u n n so5 phu khua u (la) ketu lag tre be ca h thu 45 phu un i t y e c e t a n n p c y t Lo dung d qua gia lo bag xanh bag kythua lo ga chuye he pha c ch y c n n t c n n t n dung d le gia lo ,ga ke tu bag dung d Amonioxalat 1% (3 la mo la ch n y c n t a n ch n i n 10ml) R ke tu tre gia lo bag n ca no g cho he Ion C 2O42- (kie tra he a t a n y c n c t n t m a t C2O42- bag CaCl2) n Ho tan ketu ngay tre gia lo bag 30 ml H 2SO4 10%. a t a n y c n Thu dung d qua lo va m n ca n the ch c the c t e tch 50ml. no g 80-90oC un n Chua bag dung d KMnO4 0,05Ncho n khi coma ho g be 1phu n o n ch e u n n t 2+ T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Ca the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. 2. Vie y ca pha g xa ra trong qui trnh xa nh, vai tro a t g ho cha t a u c n n y c cu n a t s dug? a n Thiela cog th tnh no g Ca 2+? t p n c n o

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Bai 9: PHNG PHAP IOD NH LNG VITAMIN C, SO32-

I. CHUAN B: K2Cr2O7 0,05N H2SO4 m c a a Dung d KI 5% ch Na2S2O3 ra n Dung d Iot pha trong KI 0,05N ch Dung d Iot 0,05N ch Dung d m acetat ch e CH3COOH 2N KI 5% KSCN 10% H2SO4 4N (NH4)2MoO4 3% Ch thhotinh bo 1% t

II. NH LNG DUNG DCH Na2S2O3: Th nghiem 1: Xac nh chnh xac nong o dung dch Na 2S2O3 Pha che 250ml dung d Na2S2O3 0,05N va the 0.1g Na2CO3 ch cho m Hu 5ml K2Cr2O7 0,05N + 40ml n ca + 1ml H2SO4 m c + 5ml KI 5% la t n t a a c nhe y kn ye 10 phu trong to la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml trong 3 a e n t i, m u n bnh no 250ml kie tra. n e m Chua bag dung d Na2S2O3 cho t khi dung d co ma vag rm, sau n n ch i ch u n o the 5 gio hotinh bo ro chua tie bag Na 2S2O3 cho t khi dung d ma ma m t t i n p n i ch t u xanh d ng (Vml) T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Na 2S2O3 the o c u n o ch Ca 2.5 gam KI + 1.5 gam I2 + 10ml n ca la va n u cho Io tan, ne Io n c t, c tro e t u t ch a tan he th the mo t KI, sau chuye va bnh nh m 250ml, dug t m t o n o c n n ca nh m t vah, chuye va bnh ch ma na co nu nha s c t c i c n o a u u t m e dug. n Dug pipet la chnh xa 5ml Na 2S2O3 0,05N + 5ml m Ace + 5 gio hotinh n y c e tat t bo 1% la, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml trong 3 bnh no 250ml kie t c m u n n e m tra. Chua dung d thu bag dung d I 2 m pha n khi xua hie ma n o ch c n ch i e t n u vag na (coa h xanh be ) n u n n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d I 2. the o c u n o ch V sao khi pha dung d Na2S2O3 pha cho the l g 0,1g Na2CO3? ch i m n V sao pha y kn va ye trong bo g to tr khi hie chnh no g i a e n n i c u n o Na2S2O3?

Th nghiem 2: Xac nh chnh xac nong o I 2

1. 2.

Cau hoi:

III. NH LNG VITAMIN C: (Axit Ascobic)

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tr 1. 2.

Dung d ma la ch u dung d acid Ascobic (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha ch c o n , sinh vie khog bietr no g no g c n n c t c n o n o Hu 10ml ma + 10ml n ca+ 5ml H2SO4 6N + 5giohotinh bo 1% t u c t t t Chua bag dung d I2 0,05N n khi dung d coma n o n ch e ch u T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Vitamin C the o c u n o ch Vieph ng trnh pha g xa ra trong quatrnh th nghie ? t n n y m m t ng ng trong phe chua I 2 na, coma g? Gia thch? ie p n o y u i

Cau hoi:

IV. NH LNG HAM LNG SUNFIT: Dung d ma la u SO32- pha t 2SO3 (97%) (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha ch u ma Na c o n tr , sinh vie khog bietr . c n n c t c Hu 5ml ma va erlen + 10ml I2 0,05N y kn la ye trong to 5 phu , la 3 t u o a c e n i t m ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml trong 3 bnh no 250ml. u n n Chua l g I2 d bag dung d Na2S2O3 0,05N n khi dung d ma ma na n n n ch e ch t u u coa h xanh n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d SO32the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. 2. V sao pha y kn dung d trong bo g to Ne dug ngay co a h h g g i a ch n i? u n n n khog? n So sa h hai ca h nh l g bag Iod va n c n n Pemanganat?

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

BAI 10: PHNG PHAP IOD - CROMAT NH LNG H2O2, Cu2+, Pb2+

I. CHUAN B: Dung d K2Cr2O7 0,05N ch H2SO4 m c a a KI 5% Na2S2O3 ra n Dung d Iot pha trong KI 0,05N ch Dung d Iot 0,05N ch - KI 5% - KSCN 10% - H2SO4 4N - (NH4)2MoO4 3% - Ch thhotinh bo1% t - Dung d m Acetat ch e - CH3COOH 2N Chuy Dung d Na2S2O3 pha va l g nh batr . : ch c nh n i c

II. NH LNG HAM LNG Cu2+: Dung d ma la ch u dung d Cu(NO3)2 (0,01N - 0,05N) GVHD pha tr , HS ch c c - SV khog bietr no g n c t c n o Hu 5ml ma +1ml CH3COOH (hay 5ml CH3COOH 2N) + 5ml KI 5% la t u c e ye trong to10 phu . La 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml trong 3 bnh no 250ml. n i t m u n n Chua bag dung d Na2S2O3 0,05N n ma vag nha n n ch e u n t The 5 giohotinh bo 1% chua tie n ga mama xanh tm m t t n p e n t u The 5nl KSCN la ky m c chua tie n khi ma ma xanh n p e t u T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Cu 2+ the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. 2. Gia thch quy trnh nh l g Cu2+ bag pha g minh hoa i n n n n ? V sao pha the KSCN va giai n cuo cu qua trnh chua khi xa nh i m o oa i a n o c 2+ 2+ 2+ Cu , mlcu Cu trong bana la nhie? Gia thch v sao Cu lapha g a i y bao u i i n n v I ma ng xa ra theo chie ng la KSCN d nhie th coa h h g g? i kho y u c i? u n n KI d nhie th copha g na xa ra? u n n o y

III. NH LNG HAM LNG H 2O2: Dung d ma la ch u dung d H2O2 (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr no g no g n n c t c n o n o Hu 5ml ma H2O2 va erlen + 5ml H2SO4 2N + 5ml KI 5% + 2gio t u o t Amonimolypdat y bnh la ye trong to 10 phu , la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no a c e n i t m u n 250ml. Chua l g Iot sinh ra bag dung d Thiosunfat n khi dung d ma ma n n n ch e ch t u xanh. T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d H 2O2. the o c u n o ch Cau hoi:

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1. 2.

Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g th hie trong bath ta ? t a u c n n a c n i c p Ne xa nh hydropeoxyt no g cao th coa h h g n ke quakhog, gia u c n o n n e t n i thch?

IV. NH LNG CH BANG PHNG PHAP CROMAT: Dung d ma la ch u dung d Pb 2+ (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr no g n n c t c n o Hu 10ml ma + 5ml dung d m acetat (th la bag gia pH va ie chnh ve t u ch e i n y u pH =5 - 6), the 5ml K2Cr2O7 10% lag tu qua m la v 3 ma trong 3 m e n a e m i u co 250ml c Lo ke tu bag gia lo bag xanh v kythua lo ga, sau mo la chuye c t a n y c n i t c n i n n n lo le gia lo la t la n ca xen ke ke tu trong co chuye c c n y c mo n c t , t a c c n le phe lo t g l g nho mo la ke theo 5ml K2Cr2O7 1%. n u c n n , i n m - Dug dung d K2Cr2O7 1% acid ho bag acid CH3COOH 0,1N r tu , r n ch a a n a a a he tu bag n ca no g cho n he ion Cromat. Th bag dung d AgNO 3 t a n c t n e t n ch 0,05N ho tan ke tu tre gia lo bag HCl 1:1 no g khoa g 20ml r sah he a t a n y c n n n a c t acid tre gia lo th bag gia pH. n y c n y - The 2ml HCl 1:1 + 2ml H3PO4 m c +n ca sao cho tog the m a a c t n tch khoa g n 100ml + 3gioFeroin t Chua bag dung d Fe2+ cho n khi dung d coma na . n n ch e ch u u o T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Ch. the o c u n o ch Cau hoi: 1. 2. Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong bata ? t a u c n n i p Gia thch y vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i a u cu n a t a n i c p

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Phan 3: PHNG PHAP CHUAN O PHC CHAT Bai 11: NH LNG Ca2+ - Mg2+

I. CHUAN B:
Dung d m pH =10 ch e Dung d chua Mg2+ 0,01M ch n NaOH 2N Dung d EDTA 0,01M. ch Ch th ETOO : Hu 10ml dung d chua Mg2+ 0,01M + 5ml dung d m pH = 10 + 0,01g t ch n ch e ETOO (chua b mo bnh la ma trag v the n t e m u n i tch t ng ng bnh ma va u ca ho cha t ng t ch thay dung d Mg 2+ bag n ca la 3 ma trong 3 c a t , ch n c t), m u bnh no 250ml n Chua ca bnh bag dung d EDTA m pha cho n khi dung d v n o c n ch i e ch a chuye ma t u nho sang ma xanh lu. Ghi ca thetch EDTA cu ma n u ma o u c c a u tha va u trag t ma n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d EDTA the o c u n o ch

II. XAC NH NONG O CUA DUNG DCH EDTA:

III. NH LNG Ca2+:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Ca(NO3)2 (0,01M - 0,05M) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c Th nghiem 1: Hu 10 ml dung d ma (chnh ma vepH = 9 -10 bag ca h cho NH4OH va) + t ch u u n c o 5 ml m pH = 10 va ch thETOO + 10 ml n cacho va erlen (la 3 ma ). e t c t o m u chua bag dung d EDTA 0,01M cho n khi dung d chuye t u em n o n ch e ch n ma nho sang xanh cha . Ghi the o m tch EDTA tie to. u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Ca 2+ the o c u n o ch

Th nghiem 2: Hu 10 ml dung d Ca2+ + 5 ml NaOH 2N va ch th Murexit cho va erlen t ch t o (la 3 ma ). m u chua bag dung d EDTA 0,01M cho n khi dung d chuye t u em n o n ch e ch n ma nho sang tm hoa caGhi the o . tch EDTA tie to. u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d the o c u n o ch. Chu y: V mo ma co mo tr g axit hoa kie mah, pha dug axit hoa i t u i n c m n i n c baz u chnh n ga gia tr pH qui nh ro m cho m va, tr g h v ch e ie e n i i e o n p i

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

th murexit, the tch NaOH 2N pha tnh thetch phu p sao cho a ve pH = 12, i h c ga m t ng ng ca the NaOH 2N. n ie n m Cau hoi: 1. 2. Gia thch ca ma sa cotrong th nghie ? i c u c c m Th nghie na cho ke quaga ng hn, gia thch? m o t n u i

IV. NH LNG Mg2+:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Mg(NO3)2 (0,01M - 0,05M) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c Hu 10 ml dung d ma (chnh vepH = 9 -10 bag ca h cho NH4OH va) + 5 ml t ch u n c o m pH = 10 va ch th ETOO + 10 ml n ca cho va erlen (la 4 ma , trong e t c t o m u 1 ma ch g). o u n chua bag dung d EDTA 0,01M cho n khi dung d chuye t u em n o n ch e ch n ma nho sang xanh cha . Ghi the o m tch EDTA tie to. T tch 3 ma , u n the o c u tnh no g dung d Mg2+ n o ch

V. NH LNG Ca2+ + Mg2+ TRONG HON HP:

Th nghiem 1: Dung d ma la n h Ca 2+ va 2+ (0,01M - 0,05M) gia vie pha ch u ho p Mg c o n tr , sinh vie khog bietr no g . c n n c t c n o Hu 10ml ho h dung d ma + 5ml dung d m + 0,01g ch th ETOO, la t n p ch u ch e m 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml. Chua b mo bnh la ma trag v thetch u n n t e m u n i t ng ng bnh ma va c ho cha t ng t ch thay dung d ma bag n u ca a t , ch u n c ca t. Chua ca bnh bag dung d EDTA: dung d v chuye t u nho n o c n ch ch a n ma o sang ma xanh lu. T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d ma . u c the o c u n o ch u Th nghiem 2: Dung d ma laho h Ca 2+ vaMg2+ (0,01M - 0,05M) gia vie pha ch u n p c o n tr , sinh vie khog bietr no g c n n c t c n o Hu 10ml dung d ma + 5ml dung d NaOH 2N + 0,01g ch thMurexit, la 3 t ch u ch m ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml. Chua b mo bnh la ma trag v thetch u n n t e m u n i t ng ng bnh ma va c ho cha t ng t ch thay dung d ma bag n u ca a t , ch u n c ca t. Chua ca bnh bag dung d EDTA: dung d v chuye t u nho n o c n ch ch a n ma o sang ma tm hoa ca T thetch 3 ma , tnh no g cu t g dung u . o c u n o a n d Ca2+ va 2+. ch Mg Cau hoi: 1. 2. Vie y ca pha g tie hah trong ba th ta ? Cho bie ETOO pH t a u c n n a n n i c p t 2 2 trong qui trnh dag H2Ind , EDTA la 2Y . n H Gia s thetch cu dung d xa nh la a ch c 50ml co pH = 2, ha tnh ca the bao y n m nhie ml NaOH 2N copH = 12? u e

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Bai 12: NH LNG Zn2+, Fe3+, Al3+ VA HON HP Al3++ Fe3+

I. CHUAN B CAC DUNG DCH CHO BAI THC TAP:

Dung d m acetat pH =5,5 ch e Dung d EDTA 0,01M ch Dung d NH3 2 N ch Ch th Bromcresol lu, axit Sunfosalicilic : c

II. NH LNG DUNG DCH Zn2+:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Zn2+ 0,01M - 0,05M) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr no g n n c t c n o Th nghiem 1: Hu 10ml dung d chua EDTA 0,01M + 5ml dung d m acetat + 3 gio ch t ch n ch e t thXylenon da cam, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml m u n Chua b mo bnh la ma trag v thetch t ng ng bnh ma vaca n t e m u n i u c ho chat ng t ch thay dung d ma bag n ca a t , ch u n c t. Chua ca bnh bag dung d ma cho n khi dung d v chuye ma t n o c n ch u e ch a n u ma vag sang ma ho g tm. u n u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Zn 2+. the o c u n o ch

Th nghiem 2: Hu 10 ml dung d ma (chnh ma vepH = 5 - 6 bag ca h cho NH4OH va) + t ch u u n c o 5 ml m pH = 5,5 + 3 gio Xylenol da cam + 10 ml n ca cho va erlen, la 3 e t c t o m ma va ma trag u 1 u n Chua bag dung d EDTA 0,01M: dung d chuye t ma cam sang n o n ch ch n u o vag cam. n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Zn 2+. the o c u n o ch 2+ Chu y: Ca ba ngay no g Zn tm cho gia vie n h gia n o n o a c o n e c a m va o g th gia vie secho ke qu no g na nha th hie tie ca th ie n i, o n t a n o y m c n p c nghie sau. m Cau hoi: 1. 2. Th nghie na cothe kequat sai so m o cho t hn. Gia thch? i Gia thch s i chuye ma trong ca th nghie tre? n u c m n

III. NH LNG DUNG DCH Fe3+:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Fe3+ (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr no g n n c t c n o

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Hu 10 ml dung d chua EDTA, chnh ma vepH = 2 bag ca h cho t t ch n u n c t dung d NH4OH va 3 gio ch th axit Sunfosalicilic la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no ch o t m u n 250ml. Pha the 1 ma trag la ma i ch g. m u n e m u o n Chua bag dung d ma : dung d chuye t ng ma sang na . n o n ch u ch n kho u u o 3+ T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Fe . the o c u n o ch

IV. NH LNG Al3+:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Al 3+ (0,01M - 0,05M) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr no g n n c t c n o Th nghiem 1: Hu 5 ml dung d ma + 10 ml dung d chua EDTA + 3 gio ch th t ch u ch n t Bromcresol lu (chnh ma vepH = 5-6 bag ca h cho NH4OH va n khi dung c u n c o e d coma xanh) + 2ml m pH = 5,5, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml ch u e m u n nhe un khoa g 800C n The va 2 ml m pH = 5,5 + 1 gioch thXylenon da cam (la 3 ma ). m o e t m u 2+ Chua bag dung d Zn v xa nh no g trong th nghie tre n o n ch a c c n o m n (chua no g): dung d chuye t n n ch n xanh lu sang ho g tm. c n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Al 3+ the o c u n o ch Hu 5 ml dung d ma (chnh ma vepH = 5 bag ca h cho NH 4OH va) + 5ml t ch u u n c o m pH = 5,5 + 10 ml dung d EDTA + 3 gio ch th axit Sunfosalicilic, la 3 e ch t m ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml u n Chua bag dung d Fe3+ xa nh no g th nghie tre: dung n o n ch a c c n o m n d chuye t ng ma sang na. ch n kho u u T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Al 3+ the o c u n o ch So sa h kequahai qui trnh, nha xe va a h gia gia thch? n t n t n , i Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong ba th ta ? t a u c n n i c p Gia thch vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu n a t a n i c p

Th nghiem 2:

1. 2. 3.

Cau hoi:

V. NH LNG HON HP Al3+ + Fe3+:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d ho h Fe 3+ + Al3+ (0,01M - 0,05M) gia vie ch n p c o n pha tr , sinh vie khog bie tr no g c n n c t c n o Hu 5ml dung d ma + NH4OH 2N chnh n pH = 2,5 + 1 gio axit t ch u e t Sunfosalicilic cho va erlen, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml o m u n Chua bag dung d EDTA 0,01M cho n khi dung d chuye t nho n o n ch e ch n tm sang ma ma. Ghi the t u tch EDTA tie to. u n Tie tu cho va 1 gio Bromcresol lu + NH 4OH 2N chnh n pH = 5 + 2 ml p c o t c e m pH= 5,5 + nhe(80 0C). La nguo bag n lah vathe va gio e un m i n c n m i t Xylenon da cam va erlen o Chua bag dung d Zn2+ xa nh no g trong th nghie tre: dung n o n ch a c n o m n d chuye t ch n xanh lu sang cam tm. Ghi the c tch Zn 2+ tie to . u n
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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

1. 2. 3. 4.

T tch 3 ma , tnh no g cu t g dung d Fe 3+ va 3+ the o c u n o a n ch Al Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong bath ta ? t a u c n n i c p Gia thch vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu n a t a n i c p V sao pha so dung d pha tch tr khi cho ch thXylenon da cam va? i un i ch n c o 3+ 3+ Thiela cog th tnh no g Al va t p n c n o Fe ?

Cau hoi:

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Bai 13: NH LNG HON HP Mg2+ + Zn2+ VA HON HP Mg2+ + Ca2+ + Fe3+ + Al3+

III. CHUAN B : Dung d m acetat pH =10 ch e Dung d m acetat pH =5,5 ch e Dung d EDTA 0.01M ch NaOH 2N NH4OH 2N HNO3 m c a a NH4Cl 5% Gia lo bag vag y c n n Dung d HCl 1:4 ch Dung d Zn2+ 0,01M ch ETOO Murexit MR 0,1 % Sunfosalicilic Bromcresol lu c

IV. NH LNG HON HP Mg2+ + Zn2+: Dung d ma la n h dung d Zn 2+ + Mg2+ (0,01M - 0,05M) gia vie ch u ho p ch c o n pha tr , sinh vie khog bietr c no g c n n c t n o Th nghiem 1: Hu 10 ml dung d ma + 10 ml m pH = 10 + 0,01g ETOO cho va erlen, la t ch u e o m 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml u n Chua bag dung d chua EDTA 0,01M: dung d chuye t u nho n o n ch n ch n ma o sang xanh cha . Ghi the m tch EDTA tie to. u n Cu g tie hah nh tre cho ma trag t ng t ghi the n n n n u n , tch EDTA tie to. u n Hu 10 ml dung d ma + 10 ml m pH = 10 va ch th ETOO +5 ml KCN t ch u e t 20% cho va erlen, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml o m u n Chua bag dung d chua EDTA 0,01M: dung d chuye t u nho n o n ch n ch n ma o sang xanh cha cu bnh ch g. Ghi the m a n tch EDTA tie to. u n Cu g tie hah nh tre cho ma trag t ng t ghi the n n n n u n , tch EDTA tie to. u n T tch 3 ma va 2 th nghie , tnh no g t g dung d Zn 2+ the o c u m n o n ch va 2+ Mg Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong bath ta ? t a u c n n i c p Gia thch vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu n a t a n i c p a ra va g minh ca cog th tnh? ch n c n c

Th nghiem 2:

Cau hoi: 1. 2. 3.

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

V.

NH LNG HON HP Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Fe3+:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d ho h Fe 3+ + Al3+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+ (0,01M - 0,05M) ch n p gia vie pha tr , sinh vie khog bietr no g c o n c n n c t c n o Hu 20 ml dung d ma + 5 gio HNO3 m c, nhe t ch u t a a un trong khoa g 2 3 phu , n t e nguo + 2 gio MR 0,1% (dung d co ma ho g) + nho t g gio NH 4OH 2N cho n i t ch u n n t e khi dung d ma vag (co ke tu ), co mu NH 3 bay ra, cho he NH3 t la 3 ch u n t a i un t do, m ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml u n Lo ke tu bag gia lo bag vag, r ke tu 5 la bag NH 4Cl 5% no g . c t a n y c n n a t a n n n D lo va r go chung. Gola ch c n c a c p i dung d 1 ch Hoa ketu bag HCl 1: 4 no g, thu dung d m , gola tan t a n n c ch i i dung d 2. ch 2+ 2+ Va : (dung d 1) xa nh Ca va y ch em i c Mg . (dung d 2) xa nh Al 3+ va 3+. ch em i c Fe 1. Dung dch 1: Xac nh Ca2+ va Mg2+ Th nghiem 1: Hu 5 ml (dd 1) + 5 ml m pH = 10 + ETOO. t e Chua bag dung d chua EDTA 0,01M: dung d chuye t u nho n o n ch n ch n ma o sang xanh cha . Ghi the m tch EDTA tie to. u n La ma trag t ng t nh ng thay ma bag n ca Ghi thetch EDTA tie m u n u n c t. u to n Th nghiem 2: 2. Hu 5 ml (dd1) + 2 ml NaOH 2N + 0,01g Murexit cho va erlen t o Chua bag dung d chua EDTA 0,01M : dung d chuye t ma ho g n o n ch n ch n u n c sang tm hoa ca a bnh ch g. Ghi the u cu n tch EDTA tie to . u n La ma trag t ng t nh ng thay ma bag n ca Ghi thetch EDTA tie m u n u n c t. u to n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Mg 2+ va 2+. the o c u n o ch Ca Dung dch 2: Xac nh Al 3+ va Fe3+

Hu 5ml (dd2) + NH4OH 2N chnh n pH = 2,5 + 3 gio axit Sunfosalicilic cho t e t va erlen o Chua bag dung d EDTA 0,01M: dung d chuye t tm nho sang ma n o n ch ch n t ma. Ghi the u tch EDTA tie to. u n La ma trag t ng t nh ng thay ma bag n ca Ghi thetch EDTA tie m u n u n c t. u to n Tie tu cho va 1 gio Bromcresol lu + NH 4OH 2N chnh n pH = 5 + 2 ml p c o t c e 0 m pH= 5,5 + nhe(80 C). La nguo bag n lah +1 gio Xylenon da e un m i n c n t cam va erlen o Chua bag dung d Zn2+ xa nh no g trong th nghie tre: dung n o n ch a c n o m n 2+ d chuye t ch n xanh lu sang cam tm. Ghi the c tch Zn tie to (tie hah chua u n n n n no g). o n La ma trag t ng t ng thay ma bag n ca Ghi the m u n nh u n c t. tch Zn 2+ tie to u n 3+ 3+ T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Fe va the o c u n o ch Al Cau hoi:
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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

1. 2. 3.

Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong bath ta ? t a u c n n i c p Gia thch vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu n a t a n i c p a ra va g minh ca cog th tnh? ch n c n c

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Bai 14: NH LNG Ba2+ VA SO42

I. CHUAN B: Dung d m pH =10 ch e Dung d HCl 1:4 ch BaCl2 0,02N EDTA 0,01M Mg2+ 0,01M NH4OH 2N H2SO4 0,1N ETOO MO 0,1%

II. NH LNG Ba2+: Dung d ma la ch u dung d BaCl 2 (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr n n c t c Th nghiem 1: Hu 10 ml dung d Mg2+ 0,01M (chnh ma ve pH = 9 -10 bag ca h cho t ch u n c NH4OH va) + 10 ml m pH = 10 va ch thETOO (la 2 ma ). chua o e t m u em n o bag dung d EDTA 0,01M cho n khi dung d chuye t u nho sang n ch e ch n ma o xanh cha . Ghi the m tch EDTA tie to (V1). u n Hu 5 ml Ba2+ cho va erlen tre, chua tie bag dung d EDTA 0,01M cho t o n n o p n ch n khi dung d chuye t u nho sang xanh cha . Ghi the e ch n ma o m tch EDTA tie u to (V2). n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Ba 2+ the o c u n o ch Hu 10 ml dung d EDTA 0,01M (chnh ma ve pH = 9 -10 bag ca h cho t ch u n c NH4OH va) +10 ml m pH = 10 va ch th ETOO (la 3 ma ). chua o e t m u em n o 2+ bag dung d Mg 0,01M cho n khi dung d chuye t ma xanh cha n ch e ch n u m 2+ sang nho. Ghi the o tch Mg tie to (V1). u n Hu 5 ml Ba2+ cho va erlen tre, la ch phu , chua tie bag dung d t o n c 5 t n o p n ch EDTA 0,01M cho n khi dung d chuye t u nho sang xanh cha . Ghi e ch n ma o m the tch EDTA tie to (V2). u n T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d Ba2+ . the o c u n o ch nh l g Ba2+ bag 2 th nghie tre cos c bie g? Th nghie na cothe n n m n kha t m o cho kequaga ng hn? Gia thch? t n u i Gia thch ca hie t g cotrong 2 th nghie na? i c n n m y NH LNG SUNFAT BANG PHNG PHAP GIAN TIEP:

Th nghiem 2:

1. 2. III.

Cau hoi:

Dung d ma la ch u dung d Na2SO4 (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c
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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

1. 2. 3.

Hu 10 ml dung d ma + 10 ml n ca + 1 gio MO 0,1% + 1 gio HCl 1:4 t ch u c t t t (cho HCl 1:4 n khi dung d co ma ho g ), the tie 2 gio HCl 1:4 n . e ch u n o m p t a La t ng t ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml. m 3 u n no g khoa g 800C, the t un n n m t 30mL dung d BaCl 2 0,02N va, khua u, ch o y e ke tu lag tre be ca h thuy30 45 phu . e t a n n p un c t Lo ke tu bag gia lo bag xanh, d lo h g va bnh no , r ke tu c t a n y c n ch c c n o n a t a bag n ca cho n he ion Ba 2+ (th bag H2SO4 0.1N, khi dung d co n c t e t n o ch ma da). u o u La d lo chnh vepH = 9 - 10 bag ca h cho t g gio NH4OH 2N va (th y ch c n c n t o bag gia pH) lu dung d coma cam, gola(dd 1). n y c o ch u i La 1 erlen kha hu 10 ml EDTA 0,01M + 10 ml m pH = 10 + 0,01g ch th y c t e ETOO, la u. c e Chua bag Mg2+ 0,02 N cho n khi dung d chuye t n o n e ch n xanh cha sang m o nho, gola 2) i (dd Hu 10ml (dd 1) cho va erlen co ch (dd 2). chua bag EDTA 0,01M t o a em n o n cho n khi dung d chuye t o nho sang xanh cha . Ghi the e ch n m tch EDTA tie u to. La t ng t i ca ma co la n m v c u n i. T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d SO42 the o c u n o ch Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong bath ta ? t a u c n n i c p Gia thch vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu n a t a n i c p a ra va g minh ca cog th tnh? ch n c n c

Cau hoi:

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Phan 4: PHNG PHAP CHUAN O KET TUA Bai 15: PHNG PHAP MOHR VA VOLHARD NH LNG ION CLO

I. CHUAN B: Nitro benzen NaCl 0,05N HNO3 m c a a Fe2(SO4)3 5% - Hotinh bo 1% t - Ch th K2CrO4 8% - Fluoressein 0.1% trong co n

II. XAC NH NONG O CAC DUNG DCH CHUAN: Th nghiem 1: Dung d ma la ch u dung d AgNO3 (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , ch c o n c sinh vie khog bietr n n c t c Hu 10 ml NaCl 0,05 N + 10 gio ch th Cromat + khoa g 20ml n ca La 3 t t n c t. m ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml u n Chua bag AgNO3 cho n khi tu coma cam nha n o n e a u t. T tch 3 ma , tnh lachnh xa no g dung d AgNO 3 the o c u i c n o ch Th nghiem 2: Dung d ma la ch u dung d KSCN (0,01N - 0,05N) gia vie pha tr , sinh ch c o n c vie khog bietr . n n c t c Hu 10 ml AgNO3 (co no g v hie chnh tre) + 3gio HNO 3 m c t n o a c u n t a a + 5 gioFe3+, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml t m u n Chua bag KSCN cho n khi dung d coma hung n o n e ch u o T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d KSCN the o c u n o ch III. NH LNG HAM LNG CUA NACl TRONG MUOI AN CONG NGHIEP THEO PHNG PHAP MOHR: Ma la u muo NaCl cog nghie dag tinh the i n p n : Ca khoa g 0.2g ma muo chuye va co thu tinh loa 100ml, dug n no g n n u i, n o c y i n c n ho tan, sau lo ca qua gia lo bag xanh, dug n ca no g r cho n a o c n y c n n c t n a e heion Cl (th bag dung d AgNO3) t n ch D qua lo van r ta trung va bnh nh m 100ml, nguo vadu g ch c c a p o c e i n n ca nh m t vah. Dug pipet la 3 ma cho va 3 bnh no loa 250ml c t c i c n y u o n i mo bnh 5ml ma + 5 gioch thK2CrO4, la u. i u t c e Chua bag dung d AgNO3 0.05N (co he sohie chnh) t khi dung d n o n ch u i ch xua hie ke tu gah. Ghi thetch Nitrat ba tie to. Tnh ha l g % t n t a o c c a u n m n NaCl trong ma ban u. u a
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Dung d NaCl ca gi i la th nghie sau. ch n la e m m IV. NH LNG HAM LNG CUA NACl TRONG MUOI AN CONG NGHIEP THEO PHNG PHAP VOLHARD: Dung d ma ladung d NaCl (0,01N - 0,05N) sinh vie la th ch u ch c n a m ngie tre m n Th nghiem 1: Hu 5 ml ma dung d muo a pha tre + 3 gio HNO 3 m c + 10 ml t u ch i n a n t a a 3+ AgNO3 ( hie chnh tre) + 3 gio Fe , la u, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh a c u n t c e m u no 250ml. n Chua bag KSCN ( hie chnh tre) cho n khi dung d co ma n o n a c u n e ch u hung o T tch 3 ma , tnh ha l g % NaCl cotrong ma muo the o c u m n u i. Hu 5 ml ma + 1 gio HNO3 m c + 10 ml AgNO3 ( hie chnh tre) t u t a a a c u n 3+ + 3gioFe + 2 gioNitro benzen, la u, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml. t t c e m u n Chua bag KSCN ( hie chnh tre) cho n khi dung d co ma n o n a c u n e ch u hung o T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NaCl. the o c u n o ch So sa h kequatnh to n no g cu NaCl trong 2 th nghie tre? n t a n o a m n Gia thch vai tro i NitroBenzen? Hu 25ml dung d ma + 5ml Fluoressein, la 3 ma trong 3 bnh no 250ml. t ch u m u n Chua bag dd AgNO3 th dung d coke tu trag AgCl nhuo ma (khi n o n ch t a n m u o cho AgNO3 va th dd b c, ga m t ng ng AgCl ke tu da da ng tu o u n ie t a n n o lalu na ta pha la manh khi ketu nhuo th d g la i c y i c t a m o n i). T tch 3 ma , tnh no g dung d NaCl. the o c u n o ch So sa h ke qu 3 ph ng pha Mohr, Volhard, Fajans. Co nha xe g ve 3 n t a p n t ph ng pha na? p y Vieca ph ng trnh pha g xa ra trong th nghie , va i thch chu g? t c n n y m gia n

1. 2. -

Th nghiem 2:

Cau hoi:

V. NH LNG HAM LNG CUA NACl THEO PHNG PHAP FAJANS:

1. 2.

Cau hoi:

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

CHNG II: PHNG PHAP PHAN TCH KHOI LNG Bai 16: XAC NH SO42 (hoac Ba2+)

I. CHUAN B: Dung d HCl 1:1 ch Dung d AgNO3 0.05N ch Dung d BaCl2 1% ch Ch thMO 0.1% pha trong n c Nung che 850oC trong 30 phu , nguo trong bnh hu a n nhie phog, n t e i t m e t o n ca che khog m0. n n n c Ca chnh xa khoa g 0,2g Na 2SO4 bag ca kythua, ho tan Na 2SO4 va bnh n c n n n t a o nh m bag n ca n 100ml. c n c t e Hu 10ml ma cho va 2 co + 3 gio MO 0,1% ma co ma vag + nho t g gio t u o c t u u n n t HCl 1:1 dung d chuye t ng sang ho g e ch n va n t co va no, ca h thu trong 30 phu (khog phe so a c o i un c y t n c p un i) Cho t t BaCl2 1% ( n khi khog nhn tha s t tu tre bema tie xu ), tie e n y ke a n t p c p tu sotre be ca h thuy c un i n p c . Sau 30 phu la co ra nguo. lo bag kythua lo ga. Dug n ca t y c e i em c n t c n n c t no g tra g co lie tu cho n khi ma khog co trong co (pha n tra g n n c n c e u n n c n c n o va gia o y ang lo). c Tie tu r ketu cho n he Cl - (th ion Cl- bag dung d AgNO3) p c a t a e t n ch ke tu lo bag gia lo cho va che , tro ho tre be n n khi em t a a c n y c o n em a n p ie e gia lo ho va t kho . y c a en he i che tro ho va lo em n a c a o nung, nung nhie 850 oC trong 30 phu t o t nguo trong bnh hu a n nhie phog ca lam 1 (g) e i t m e t o n em n i Tnh ha l g cu Na2SO4. m n a Nguye nha ga mama ? n n y t u Gia thch quatrnh cho ca cha va ta tu ? i c t o e o a V sao pha ca h thuytrong 30 phu va i khog sodung d i un c t la n c un i ch?

II. NH LNG SUNFAT:

1. 2. 3.

Cau hoi:

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Bai 17: XAC NH Fe3+

I. CHUAN B: Dung d AgNO3 1% ch NH4NO3 5% Dung d NH3, HNO3, FeCl3 ch

II. NH LNG Fe3+: Ra ma la n u tinh the FeCl3 coha l g xa nh do gia vie giao, nh ng sinh m n c o n vie khog bietr ha l g na. n n c t c m n y Nung che Ni 9000C trong 30 phu . nguo trong bnh hu a , ro ca che n t e i t m i n n khog (m0) n Ca chnh xa khoa g 0.4 gam FeCl3 ma bag ca kythua, ta ma bag n c n u n n t m t u n 5ml HCl c, ho tan va m n 250ml bag n ca a a nh c e n c t. La 25ml ma cho va che (la the ma i ch g) + 2ml HNO 3 2N. y u o n m m u o n no g khoa g 75 - 800C (khog la so dung d + 30ml dung d NH3 1N un n n n m i ch) ch + 50ml H2O no g, ye trong 5 phu . n e n t Th dung d ke tu hoa toa ch a bag ca h nho 5 gio NH 3 1N va dung ch a t a n n n c t o d ne dung d co tu th cho the va 10ml dung d NH 3 1N ch, u ch n a m o ch Lo nhanh ngay t kha bag gia lo bag vag khog tro. R tu bag c c c n y c n n n a a n NH4NO3 0,5N no g. Tie tu r tu bag n no g loa tr a c un n p c a a n c n e i Cl (th labag AgNO3) i n Cho tu va che nung vatro hoa (la gia hoa vakhog co khoi). a o n m y en n n em nung 9000C trong 30 phu (khog nung qua la). nguo trong bnh hu t n c u e i t a n nhie phog, ca la(m1) m e t o n n i A dug cog th tnh khol g xa nh ha l g Fe 3+. p n n c i n e c m n Cau hoi: 1. 2. 3. Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong bath ta ? t a u c n n i c p Gia thch vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu n a t a n i c p a ra va g minh ca cog th tnh? Gia thch y ngh cu ca cog n ch n c n c i a a c n oa trong qui trnh xa nh? c

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Bai 18: XAC NH Mg2+

I. CHUAN B: Dung d HCl 1:1 ch AgNO3 0.05N NH3 1:10 NH4NO3 5% - (NH4)2HPO4 5% - MR 0.1% trong co n - Gia lo bag xanh y c n

II. NH LNG Mg2+: Ra ma la n u tinh the MgSO4 .7 H2O coha l g xa nh do gia vie giao, m n c o n nh ng sinh vie khog bietr ha l g na. n n c t c m n y 0 Nung che Ni 850 C trong khoa g 40 phu . Sau nguo 5 phu th ca n n t o e i t em n (m1) Ca khoa g 0.3 0.5 gam MgSO4.7H2O ch a bie ha l g, cho va che nung n n t m n o n (la the mo co la ma song song), the 3ml HCl 1:1 + 40ml n ca + 2 m m t c e m u m c t gioMR 0.1% + 15ml (NH4)2HPO4 5% t nhe un dung d 40 - 450C + the 2ml NH3 c (dung d ho vag) ch m a ch a n nguo ha the tie 5ml NH3 c e i n m p a ca h thu 30 phu . Tie hah lo no g qua gia lo bag xanh v kythua un c y t n n c n y c n i t lo ga (bag ca h dug dung d NH3 1:10 r ke tu cho n he ion Cl , th c n n c n ch a t a e t bag AgNO3). Tie tu r ketu 2 la , mo la 5ml NH 4NO3 5%. n p c a t a n i n Chuye gia lo ch ke tu va che nung, tro ho che ma tre be n n n y c a t a o n a n u n p ie e khi gia lo cha va t kho , chuye va lo y c y en he i n o nung chnh t nhie 850 oC, a i t o nung khoa g 40 phu (t khi ketu trag), la ra bnh hu a 5 phu , ca m 2 n t i t a n y e t m t n T otnh ha l g cu Mg2+ cotrong ma . c m n a u Cau hoi: 1. 2. 3. Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong bath ta ? t a u c n n i c p Gia thch vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu n a t a n i c p a ra va g minh ca cog th tnh? Gia thch y ngh cu ca cog n ch n c n c i a a c n oa trong qui trnh xa nh? c

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Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Bai 19: XAC NH PHOTPHAT

I. CHUAN B: Na2HPO4.12H2O, NH4Cl 2N Ho h Mg: 14gNH4Cl + 11g MgCl 2.6H2O + n ca nh m n 100ml, pha n p c t c e tr sau 1 nga ro lo m s dug c e y i c i c n NH3 m c, NH3 1:10 , NH4NO3 0.05N a a Dung d AgNO3 0.05N ch Ch th PP 0.1% : Dung d thuo th magie 70g NH4Cl + 55g MgCl2.6H2O + n ca = 1 lt, sau ch c : c t 1 nga lo m s dug. y c i c n Nung che niken 850oC trong 40 phu sau nguo ca n t o e i em n Ca khoa g 0.3g Na2HPO4.12H2O co ha l g 99% (la 2 ma co 1 ca n n m n m u c n c 0.3089g, co 2 ca 0.3064g). The 50 ml n ca va ma ho tan + 5ml c n c m c t o u e a NH4Cl 2N + 15ml ho h Mg + 3gioPP 0.1% n p t khoa g 40-45oC + the t un n m t 2ml NH3 m c (cho n khi dung d ho a a e ch a ho g). nguo ha the va 5ml NH3 m c. n e i n m o a a Co 1 ca h thu 30 phu . Co 2 ye 1gisau lo tu qua gia lo bag c un c y t c e n , o c a y c n xanh. i v co1 lo no g bag ca h lo ga. o i c c n n c c n Sau khi lo he pha n trong, ba u r tu bag NH 3 1:10 ( ha che y c t n c t a a a n e n thu pha va m gia tan) n la m o Sau va la r tu trong co ta chuye toa botu va trong co ro tie tu r i n a a c n n a o c i p c a tu cho heCl (khi i heCl la ng i he ca ion d kha ) a t uo t cu uo t c c Th Cl bag AgNO3 0.05N (tu khog co Cl khi n r tu khog b c khi n a n n c a a n u cho AgNO3) tro ho ma tre be n sau nung 850 oC trong 40 phu (cho n em a u n p ie o em t e khi tu trag). ra ngoa5 phu ro ca. a n e i t i em n Tnh ha l g PO43- cotrong ma . m n u Vie y ca ph ng trnh pha g trong bath ta ? t a u c n n i c p Gia thch vai tro a t g ho cha s dug trong bath ta ? i cu n a t a n i c p a ra va g minh ca cog th tnh? Gia thch y ngh cu ca cog n ch n c n c i a a c n oa trong qui trnh xa nh? c

II. NH LNG PO43 : -

1. 2. 3.

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Khoa Hoa

Giao trnh thc hanh Phan tch nh lng

Chubie n Bie soa n n Hie u nh S ba in a n

: ThS. Le Thanh H ng Th : Bomo Pha tch n n : Tr ng Ba h Chie c n : Le Thanh H ng Nguye ThCa Tu Th n m

Xong nga 1.9.2004 takhoa Ho tr g Cao ng Cog nghie 4 y i a n a n p

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