1

Bien soan: ang Van Thanh

BAI TAP NG DUNG
LY LUAN CHUNG VE MAY
IEN XOAY CHIEU













2


BAI TAP 1
Ve s o trai day quan 3 pha dang ong khuon tap trung (1 lp) cua may
ien co tong so ranh Z = 12; 2p = 4 ( ve cho 1 pha, ien v tr au cuoi cua 2 pha
con lai)?

BAI GIAI
Bc 1: e ve s o trai day quan, can tnh toan cac thong so c ban cua bo
day quan nh sau:
Bc cc: t =
p 2
Z
=
4
12
= 3 (ranh).
So ranh mot pha / mot bc cc: q =
m
t
=
3
3
= 1 (ranh).
= P360/z = 2.360/12 =60
0
, chon y = =3( ranh)
Bc 2: Lap bang phan bo
Bc 3: Cau tao day quan
Bc 4: ve SDTDQ (ky hieu, ket noi 2p=4)


BAI TAP 2
Ve s o trai day quan 3 pha dang ong khuon tap trung (1 lp) cua may
ien co tong so ranh Z = 36; 2p = 4 ( ve cho 1 pha, ien v tr au cuoi cua 2 pha
con lai)? Tnh he so day quan Kdq?

pha B va C.
BAI GIAI
Bc 1: e ve s o trai day quan, can tnh toan cac thong so c ban cua bo
day quan nh sau:
Bc cc: t =
p 2
Z
=
4
36
= 9 (ranh).
So ranh mot pha / mot bc cc: q =
m
t
=
3
9
= 3 (ranh).
Bc 2:
Ve cac oan thang song song (36 ranh), phan bo 4 bc cc t va ve cac boi
day cua pha A tren cac ranh 1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 19, 20, 21, 28, 29, 30, chon cach
noi day cc gia e am bao so cc 2p, tng t cho 2 pha B va C e hnh thanh s
o khai trien nh sau:
3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4
t
t
t
t
5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 6 5
A Z B C Y X
1 2 3 4 5 6
S o day quan ba pha, dang ong khuon tap trung (Z = 36, 2p = 4).
Nghi chu: Cac so th t t 1en 6 la so ch so th t cua nhom boi.
ng ngan cach gia cac bc cc.
Bc 3:
Bo day quan co 2 nhom boi / pha, 6 boi / pha, so ranh mot pha / bc cc = q
= 3.
e tao ra 4 cc, bo day quan au cc gia.
So mach nhanh song song trong mot pha bang 1.
1
4
A
X
3
5
B
Y
4
6
C
Z
Pha A
Pha B
Pha C

Qui c ben trai cua boi day la au au va ben phai cua boi day la au cuoi.

BAI TAP 3
Ve s o trai day quan 3 pha dang ong tam phan tan n gian cua may
ien co tong so ranh Z = 36; 2p = 4.
BAI GIAI
Bc 1:
e ve s o trai day quan, can tnh toan cac thong so c ban cua bo day
quan nh sau:
Bc cc: t =
p 2
Z
=
4
36
= 9 (ranh).
So ranh mot pha / mot bc cc: q =
m
t
=
3
9
= 3 (ranh).
Bc 2:
Xac nh so nhom boi phan tan trong pha A nh sau:
Do q le nen nhom so boi day trong moi nhom la:
Nhom au tien:
2
1 q +
=
2
1 3 +
= 2 (boi).
Nhom con lai:
2
1 q
=
2
1 3
= 1 (boi).
4
Tng t cho pha B va C. Tong so nhom boi / pha = 4.
Bc 3:
Ve cac oan thang song song (36 ranh), phan bo 4 bc cc t va ve 4
nhom boi day cua pha A tren cac ranh 1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 12, 19, 20, 21, 28, 29, 30;
chon cach au day cc that thc hien tng t cho pha B va pha C hnh thanh s
o khai trien nh sau:

4
1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 30 1 2 3 4 6 5
A Z B C X Y
t
t
t
t
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
k
l
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
k
l
S o day quan 3 pha, dang ong tam phan tan vi Z = 36, 2p = 4.
ng ngan cach cac bc cc
2
3
5
6
10
8
9
11
7
12
So th t trong vong tron ch so th t boi day
ac iem bo day quan:
Bo day quan co 4 nhom boi/pha (2 nhom 2 boi va 2 nhom 1 boi), 6 boi / pha,
so ranh mot pha / bc cc la q = 3.
e tao ra 4 cc, bo day quan au cc that.
So mach nhanh song song trong mot pha 2a = 1 bieu dien nh s o sau:
Pha A
Pha B
Pha C
1
4
A
X
7
10
2
5
B
Y
8
11
3
6
C
Z
9
12

Qui c ben trai cua boi day la au au va ben phai cua boi day la au cuoi.


BAI TAP 4
5
1/ Ve s o trai day quan 3 pha dang day quan xep 2 lp cua may ien co
tong so ranh Z = 24; 2p = 4 (ve cho 1 pha, ien v tr au cuoi 2 pha con lai.
2/ Tnh he so day quan Kdq khi khi y =5(<) va khi y= ?
3/ Chon y e triet tieu song hai bac 3?


BAI GIAI
1/ Thiet lap sdtdq theo trnh t sau:
Bc 1:
Cac thong so cua bo day quan xep 2 lp:
Bc cc: t =
p 2
Z
=
4
24
= 6 (ranh).
So ranh mot pha / mot bc cc: q =
m p . m . 2
Z t
= =
3
6
= 2 (ranh).
Goc lech ve ien gia hai ranh ke tiep nhau:

t
= o
o

180
=
6
180
o
=
o
30
Bc 2:
Bc 3:
Ve cac oan thang song song tng ng 24 ranh, phan bo so bc cc
t va ve cac boi day cua pha A theo bc day quan tong hp y = 5, chon cach
noi day (au cc that) e am bao so cc 2p = 4. Thc hien tng t cho 2 pha B
vaC. Sau khi thc hien xong, s o trai day quan trong nh sau:

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 20 1 2 3 4
t t t t
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
k
a
b
c
d
e
f
g
h
k
A Z B C Y X
Day quan 3 pha dang xep 2 lp vi Z = 24, 2p = 4
1 2 3 4 5 6
7 8 9 10 11 12
ng ky hieu thanh dan cua boi day lp di
ng ky hieu thanh dan cua boi day lp tren
Ghi chu cac vong tron bieu th so th t cac boi day

ac iem bo day quan:
6
Bo day quan co 4 nhom boi / pha, 8 boi / pha, so ranh mot pha / bc cc q =
2.
e tao ra 4 cc, bo day quan au cc that.
So mach nhanh song song trong mot pha = 1.
Pha A
Pha B
Pha C
1
4
A
X
7
10
2
5
B
Y
8
11
3
6
C
Z
9
12

Qui c ben trai cua boi day la au au va ben phai cua boi day la au cuoi.
2/ Tnh Kdq:
Khi y= = 6. Kdq 0,966; khi y=5, Kdq 0,933
3/ Chon y/ =2/3, t o y= 4; e
3
=0

BAI TAP 5
Tnh he so day quan cua bo day quan 1 lp, bc , cho stato ong c 3 pha
co Z = 24 ranh, so cc 2p = 4, m= 3.

BAI GIAI
Cac thong so can thiet cua bo day quan 1 lp:
Bc cc: t =
p
Z
2
=
4
24
= 6 (ranh).
So ranh mot pha / mot bc cc: q =
m p . m . 2
Z t
= =
3
6
= 2 (ranh).
Goc lech ve ien gia hai ranh ke tiep nhau:

t
= o
o

180
=
6
180
o
=
o
30
Nen he so day quan :
k
dq
= 1.
)
2
.( sin .
)
2
.( sin
o
o
q
q
=
)
2
30
.( sin . 2
)
2
30
. 2 .( sin
o
o
= 0,9
BAI TAP 6
Tnh sc t ong c ban cua mot pha day quan trong ong c 3 pha. Biet day
quan xep 2 lp co Z = 24, 2p = 4, bc day quan y = 5, so vong day moi phan t W
s

= 10 vong. ong c co cong suat P = 5,5 kW vi U
m
= 380 V au Y, cos
m

=
0,8;
m
q
= 0,85.
Moi pha co mot mach nhanh song song.
BAI GIAI
Cac thong so cua bo day quan xep 2 lp:
7
Bc cc: t =
p 2
Z
=
4
24
= 6 (ranh).
q =
3
t
=
3
6
= 2 (ranh).
Goc lech pha ve ien:
t
= o
o

180
=
=
6
180
o
o
30

He so day quan: k
dq
= k
n
.k
r
= sin(
2
.
t
| ).
2
sin . q
2
. q sin

o
o

= sin(
2
.
6
5 t
).
2
30
sin . 2
2
30
. 2 sin
o
o
= 0,933 (vi he so | =
t
y
=
6
5
).
Tong so vong day trong mot mach nhanh song song.
W = W
s
.2p.q = 10.4.2 = 80 (vong).
Dong ien day nh mc trong mot pha:
I
m
=
q . cos . U . 3
P
m
m
=
85 , 0 . 8 , 0 . 380 . 3
10 . 5 , 5
3
= 12,29 (A).
Day quan au sao (Y) nen dong ien I
d
= I
p
= I
m
= 12,29(A).
Do moi pha co mot mach nhanh song song nen dong ien I
m
= 12,29 (A) chnh la
dong ien tren moi mach nhanh song song I.
Bien o sc t ong ap mach la:
F
m
=
I
p
k
W
dq
. . .. 9 , 0
=
29 , 12 .
2
933 , 0
. 80 . 9 , 0
= 413 (A.vong).
Sc t ong cua mot pha bieu dien di dang phng trnh sau:
F
f
= o e cos . sin . t F
m

F
f
= o e cos . sin . 413 t (A.vong).
Trong o e ,o la nhng gia tr thay oi theo thi gian, khong gian.










8
















BAI TAP NG DUNG
MAY IEN KHONG ONG BO




















9
BAI TAP 1
Cho mot ong c ien khong ong bo 3 pha rotor long soc co P
m
= 10 kW,
U
m
= 220/380 V, day quan au A/Y, toc o quay n
m
= 960 vg/ph, so cc 2p = 6,
tan so f = 50 Hz, he so cong suat cos

= 0,8; hieu suat

q
= 0,85.
1. Tnh dong ien nh mc cua ong c.
2. Tnh tong ton hao cong suat trong ong c.

BAI GIAI
1/ Dong ien nh mc thay oi theo ien ap lam viec:
Vi U
m
= 220 V.
I
m
=
m m
m
cos . U . 3 .
P
q
=
8 , 0 . 220 . 3 . 85 , 0
10 . 10
3
= 38,59 (A).
Vi U
m
= 380 V.
I
m
=
m m
m
cos . U . 3 .
P
q
=
8 , 0 . 380 . 3 . 85 , 0
10 . 10
3
= 22,34 (A).
2/ Tong ton hao cong suat trong ong c:

m
m
m
P
P
P
q
= A
=
85 , 0
10 . 10
3
- 10.10
3
= 1764,7 (W).


BAI TAP 2
Cho mot ong c ien khong ong bo 3 pha day quan stato noi hnh tam
giac, ien ap li 220 V, f = 50 Hz. So lieu ong c: p = 2 oi cc, I
1
= 21 A,
cos
1
= 0,82; q = 0,837; s = 0,053. Tnh toc o ong c, cong suat ien ong c
tieu thu P
1
, tong cac ton hao, cong suat hu ch cua ong c P
2


BAI GIAI
Toc o goc cua ong c:
e =
1
e .

(1 s) =
p
f . 2t
.(1 s)
=
2
50 . 2t
.(1 0,053) = 148,68 (rad/s).
Toc o quay cua ong c:
n

=
p
f . 60
.(1 s) =
2
50 . 60
.(1 0,053) = 1420 (vg/ph).
Cong suat ien ong c tieu thu:
P
1
= 3 . U
1
.I
1
. cos = 3 . 220.21. 0,82 = 6561
(W).
Cong suat ien hu ch:
10
P
2
= P
1
.
1
q = 6561.0,837 = 5491 (W).
Tong cac ton hao cong suat:
AP = P
1
- P
2
= 6561 5491 = 1070 (W).

BAI TAP 3

Mot ong c ien khong ong bo 3 pha rotor day quan co so oi cc t cua
stato p = 3, tan so li ien f = 50 Hz. T thong chnh trong t trng ong c la u
= 3,12.10
-2
Wb, so vong day stato w
1
= 124 vong va rotor w
2
= 98 vong, he so day
quan stato k
dq1
= 0,95 va rotor k
dq2
= 0,96. Hay xac nh sc ien ong cam ng
trong day quan stato va rotor khi rotor ng yen va khi rotor quay vi he so trt s
= 3%. Tm toc o quay n cua rotor ong c.
BAI GIAI
Sc ien ong cam ng day quan stato:
E
1
=4,44.f.k
dq
.w
1
. u= 4,44.50.0,95.124.3,12.10
-2
= 816 (V).
Khi rotor con ng yen th ong c giong nh may bien ap: day quan stato
nh s cap va day quan rotor nh th cap cua may bien ap. Sc ien ong
trong day quan rotor:
E
20
=
E
1
k
E
=
2 dq 2
1 dq 1
1
k . w
k . w
E
=
1 dq 1
2 dq 2
1
k . w
k . w
. E

=
95 , 0 . 124
96 , 0 . 98
. 816
= 652 (V).
Sc ien ong trong day quan rotor khi quay vi he so trt s = 3%:
E
2s
= s. E
20
= 0,03.652 = 20 (V).
Toc o quay cua ong c la:
n = n
1
.(1 s) =
p
f . 60
.(1 s) =
3
50 . 60
.(1 0,03)
= 970 (vg/ph).

BAI TAP 4
Mot ong c ien khong ong bo 3 pha rotor day quan khi e rotor h mach
va cho ien ap nh mc vao stato th ien ap tren vanh trt la 250 V. Khi ong c
lam viec vi tai nh mc th toc o n = 1420 vg/ph. Tnh:
1. Toc o ong bo.
2. Toc o t trng quay do dong ien rotor sinh ra so vi toc o rotor.
3. Tan so dong ien rotor.
4. Sc ien ong cua rotor khi tai nh mc.

BAI GIAI
11
a/ V he so trt cua ong c rat be s = 3% 6%
nen toc o t trng quay n
1
= 1500 vg/ph, tc la co hai oi cc khi tan so la
50 Hz.
b/ Toc o cua t trng quay cua rotor:
n
2
= n
1
n = 1500 1420 = 80 (vg/ph).
c/ Tan so dong ien rotor:
f
2
=
60
n . p
2
=
60
80 . 2
= 2,66 (Hz).
Hay f
2
= s.f
1
= 0,053.50 = 2,26 (Hz).
Trong o: s =
1
1
n
n n
=
1500
1420 1500
=
1500
80
= 0,053
d/ Sc ien ong cua rotor khi quay toc o nh mc:
E
2s
= s.E
20
= 0,053.250 = 13,4 (V).

BAI TAP 5
Mot ong c ien khong ong bo 3 pha rotor long soc co cac so lieu sau: P
m

= 11,9 kW, U
fm
= 220 V; I
fm
= 25 A; f = 50 Hz; 2p = 6; P
cu1
= 745 W; P
cu2
= 480 W;
P
Fe
= 235 W; P
c
= 180 W; P
f
= 60 W.
Tnh cong suat ien t, momen ien t va toc o quay cua ong c.
BAI GIAI
a/ Cong suat ien t cua ong c:
P
t
= P
2
+ P
c
+ P
f
+ P
cu2

= 11900 + 180 + 60 + 480 = 12620 (W).
Momen ien t cua ong c:
M
t
=
1
t
P
e
=
60
n . 2
P
1
t
t
=
60
1000 . 2
12620
t
= 120 (Nm).
Trong o: n
1
=
p
f . 60
=
3
50 . 60
= 1000 (vg/ph).
c/ Toc o quay n cua ong c:
He so trt: s =
t
2 cu
P
P
=
12620
480
= 0,038
Nen n = n
1
.(1 s) = 1000(1 - 0,038) = 962 (vg/ph).

BAI TAP 6
Mot ong c ien khong ong bo ba pha rotor day quan, R
1
= 0,46 O, X
1
=
2,24 O, R
2
= 0,02 O, X
2
= 0,08 O, k
dq1
= 0,932, k
dq2
= 0,955, w
1
= 192 vong, w
2
=
36 vong. Day quan stato au tam giac, mang ien U = 220 V, f = 50 Hz, so pha m
1

= m
2
= 3.
Tnh he so qui oi s.. k
E
, he so qui oi dong ien k
I
, ien tr m may mac
vao mach m may e momen m may cc ai.
Tnh dong ien trong day quan stato va rotor khi co bien tr m may va khi
m may trc tiep.
12
BAI GIAI
He so qui oi sc ien ong k
E
:
k
E
=
2 dq 2
1 dq 1
k . w
k . w
=
955 , 0 . 36
932 , 0 . 192
= 5,2
He so qui oi dong ien k
I
:
k
I
=
2 dq 2 2
1 dq 1 1
k . w . m
k . w . m
=
955 , 0 . 36 . 3
932 , 0 . 192 . 3
= 5,2
He so qui oi cua toan mach:
k = k
E
. k
I
= 5,2. 5,2 = 27,04
ien tr rotor qui oi ve stato:

,
2
R = k.R
2
= 27,04.0,02 = 0,54 ( O).
ien khang rotor qui oi ve stato:

,
2
X = k.X
2
= 27,04.0,08 = 2,163 ( O)
e momen m may (n=0) at cc ai th he so trt( ng vi n=0):
s
m
=
1
,
2
,
f
,
2
X X
R R
+
+
=1
T o suy ra gia tr ien tr mac vao mach stato:
,
f
R = (
1
,
2
X X + ) -
,
2
R = (2,163 + 2,24) - 0,54 = 3,86 ( O).
Dong ien pha stato khi m may bang ien tr phu mach rotor:
I
mmp
=
2 ,
2 1
2 ,
f
,
2 1
P
) X X ( ) R R R (
U
+ + + +

=
2 2
) 163 , 2 24 , 2 ( ) 86 , 3 54 , 0 46 , 0 (
220
+ + + +
= 33,54 (A).
Dong ien day luc m may (do stato au tam giac):
I
mm
=
3
. I
mmp
= 3 .33,54 =58 (A).
Dong ien rotor khi m may (do rotor au sao):
I
2
= k
I
.I
mmp
= 5,2.33,54 = 174 (A).
Dong ien m may trc tiep la:
I
mm
= 3 .
2 ,
2 1
2 ,
2 1
P
) X X ( ) R R (
U
+ + +

= 3 .
2 2
) 163 , 2 24 , 2 ( ) 54 , 0 46 , 0 (
220
+ + +
= 84,4 (A).
Ty so dong ien hai phng phap m may:

46 , 1
58
4 , 84
=

Nhan xet : Khi dung ien tr m may th dong ien m may giam 1,46 lan so
vi m may trc tiep.
BAI TAP 7
Mot ong c ien khong ong bo ba pha rotor long soc co cac so lieu ghi
tren nhan may nh sau: P
m
=14 kW, toc o nh mc n
m
= 1450 vg/ph, hieu suat
13
nh mc
m
q
= 0,885, he so cong suat nh mc cos
m

= 0,88; Y/ A- 380/220
V; ty so dong ien m may I
mm
/I
m
= 5,5; momen m may M
mm
/M
m
= 1,3; momen
cc ai M
max
/M
m
= 2. ien ap mang ien U = 380 V. Tnh:
a/ Cong suat tac dung va phan khang ong c tieu thu che o nh mc.
b/ Dong ien, he so trt va momen nh mc.
c/ Dong ien m may, momen m may va momen cc ai.

BAI GIAI
a/ Cong suat tac dung ong c tieu thu:
P
1
=
q
m
P
=
885 , 0
14
= 15,82 (kW).
Cong suat phan khang ong c tieu thu:
Q
1
= P
1
.tg = 15,82.0,54 = 8,54 (kVAr).
b/ Dong ien nh mc:
I
1m
=
m m m 1
m
. cos . U . 3
P
q
=
88 , 0 . 380 . 3 . 885 , 0
10 . 14
3
= 27,31 (A).
He so trt nh mc:
s
m
=
1
1
n
n n
=
1500
1450 1500
= 0,0333
Sau khi tnh I
1m
co the tnh cong suat phan khang ong c tieu thu nh sau:
Q
1
= 3 .U
1m
. I
1m
.sin = 3 .380. 27,31.0,475 = 8,54 (kVAr).
Momen nh mc:
M
m
= 9,55.
m
m
n
P
= 9,55.
1450
10 . 14
3
= 92,2 (Nm).
c/ Momen m may:
M
mm
= 1,3.M
m
= 1,3. 92,2 = 119,8 (Nm).

Momen cc ai:
M
max
= 2.M
m
= 2. 92,2 = 184,4 (Nm).
Dong ien m may:
I
mm
= 5,5. I
1m
= 5,5. 27,31 = 150,2 (A).







14






BAI TAP NG DUNG
MAY IEN ONG BO
























15
BAI TAP 1
May phat ien ong bo ba pha cc an co P
m
= 30 MW, U
m
= 10,5 kV,
cos
m

= 0,8; so oi cc p = 1. Hieu suat nh mc m

q
= 98,32 %; tan so nguon
phat f = 50 Hz.
1. Tnh toc o quay rotor va dong ien nh mc.
2. Tnh cong suat bieu kien S
m
cua may, cong suat phan khang Q
m
cua may.
3. Tnh cong suat ma ong c s cap cung cap cho may pha t va tong cac ton
hao?
BAI GIAI
1/ Toc o quay cua rotor may phat:
n = n
1
=
p
f . 60
=
1
50 . 60
= 3000 (vg/ph).
Dong ien nh mc cua may phat:
I
m
=
m m
m
cos . U . 3
P

=
8 , 0 . 5 , 10 . 3
30
= 2,064 (kA).
2/ Cong suat bieu kien cua may phat:
S
m
=
m
m
cos
P

=
8 , 0
30
= 37,5 (MVA).
Cong suat phan khang cua may phat:
Q
m
= S
m
. sin
m

= 37,5.0,6 = 22,5 (MVAr).

sin
m

= 0,6 suy ra t cos

m
= 0,8
3/ Cong suat cung cap cho truc may phat bi ong c s cap la:
P
1
=
m
m
P
q
=
32 , 98
30
.100 = 30,51 (MW).
4/Tong ton hao:
m 1
P P P = A

= 30,51 30 = 0,51 (MW).
BAI TAP 2
Mot may phat ien ong bo ba pha cc an, day quan stato noi sao, ien ap
day khong tai U
o
= 398,4 V.
Khi dong ien tai I = 6 A, cos

= 0,8 (cham sau) th ien ap U

d
= 380 V.
Thong so day quan stato nh sau: ien tr r

~ 0, ien khang tan

x
o = 0,2
O
.
- Tnh sc ien ong pha may phat khi khong tai.
- Tnh ien khang ong bo x
b
va ien khang phan ng x

.
BAI GIAI
May phat cc an vi phng trnh can bang:
16
o o
of
o
f
I E U =
.(r

+ jx
b
) =

o
of
E
jIx
b
(v r =0)
T o ve o th vect dong ien va ien ap vi r

= 0:

of
o
E
o
I
f
o
U

Do dong ien
o
I cham pha so vi ien ap
o
f
U mot goc

.

o
of
E
: sc ien ong pha khong tai, v may phat noi sao nen:
E
of
=
3
U
of
=
3
4 , 398
= 230 (V).
T o th vect suy ra gia tr ien ap tren ien khang ong bo:
Vi U
d
= 380 V suy ra U
f
= 220 V khi co tai.
I.x
b
=
2
f
2
of
) cos . U ( E
- U
f
.sin

T cos = 0,8 suy ra sin

= 0,6
Do o:
I.x
b
=
2 2
) 8 , 0 . 220 ( 230
- 220.0,6 = 16,8 (v).
ien khang ong bo khi dong ien I = 6 A la:
x
b
=
I
8 , 16
=
6
8 , 16
= 2,68 ( O).
ien khang phan ng la:
x

= x
b
-

x
o
= 2,68 0,2 = 2,48 ( O).
BAI TAP3
Mot may phat ien ong bo ba pha cc an co S
m
= 1500 kVA; U
m
= 6600
V; f = 50 Hz, cos
m

= 0,8; day quan stato au sao, ien tr day quan stato r = 0,45
O; ien khang ong bo x
b
= 6 O.
a/ Mot tai co U = 6600 V, cos

= 0,8; tieu thu dong ien bang nh
mc.Tnh dong ien, cong suat tac dung va phan khang cua tai.
17
b/ Neu cat tai va dong ien kch t van gi tr so nh luc co tai tren th ien
ap au cc may phat bang bao nhieu ?

b
o
x . I . j
o
I
f
o
U
f
o
E

o
r . I

BAI GIAI
a/ Dong ien nh m c cua may phat:
T cong thc: S
m
= 3 .U
m
.I
m.
Suy ra: I
m
=
m
m
U . 3
S
=
6600 . 3
10 . 1500
3
= 131,2 (A).
ien ap pha cua may phat:
U
fm
=
3
U
m
=
3
6600
= 3810 (V).
Cong suat tac dung cua tai tieu thu:
P
m
= 3 .U
m
.I
m
.cos
m
= 3 .6600.131,2.0,8 = 1200 (kW).
Cong suat phan khang cua tai tieu thu:
Q
m
= 3 .U
m
.I
m
.sin
m
= 3 .6600.131,2.0,6 = 900 (kVAr).
b/ Da vao phng trnh can bang:
o o
f
o
f
I E U = .(r

+ jx
b
).
Ve c o th vect (nh hnh v) va suy ra sc ien ong pha la:

b
o
x . I . j
o
I
f
o
U
f
o
E

o
r . I

E
f
=
2
f b
2
f
) sin . U x . I ( ) r . I cos . U ( + + +
=
2 2
) 6 , 0 . 3810 6 . 2 , 131 ( ) 45 , 0 . 2 , 131 8 , 0 . 3810 ( + + + = 4370 (V).
ien ap day au cc khi cat tai:
U
o
= 3 . E
f
= 3 .4370 = 7659 (V).
18
BAI TAP4
ong c ien ong bo ba pha co cac so lieu ghi trong nhan may: P
m
= 1000
kw; U
m
= 6000 V; p = 2 ; cos
m

= 0,99; n
m
= 1500 vg/ph. Tong ton hao cong
suat

AP
= 170 kW.
1. Tnh cong suat ien ma ong c tieu thu.
2. Neu momen phu tai bang 25% momen nh mc th cong suat phan khang
toi a ong c co the phat ra cho mang ien la bao nhieu ?
BAI GIAI
1/ Cong suat ien ma ong c tieu thu:
P
1
=1000 + 170 = 1170 (kw)
2/ Momen nh mc cua ong c:
M
m
=
m
m
P
e
=
60
n . 2
P
m
t
=
60
1500 . 2
10 . 1000
3
t
= 6366 (Nm).
C nang ong c cung cap cho phu tai khi momen phu tai bang 25%momen
nh mc la:
P =
100
25
. P
m
=
100
25
.1000 = 250 (kW).
Cong suat ong c tieu thu khi phu tai bang 25% momen nh mc:
P
1
= P +
AP
= 250 +170 = 420 (kW).
Cong suat phan khang ong c co the phat ra cho mang ien:
Vi cong suat bieu kien tng ng :
S
m
=
cos
1
P
=
99 , 0
420
= 424 (kVA).
Q
1
=
2
1
2
m
P S
=
2 2
420 424 = 58,1 (kVAr).

BAI TAP 5
Hai may phat ien lam viec song song cung cap ien cho hai tai:
Tai 1: S
t1
= 5000 kVA; cos
1

= 0,8.
Tai 2: S
t2
= 3000 kVA; cos
2

= 1.
May phat th nhat phat ra P
1
= 4000 kW; Q
1
= 2500 kVAr. Tnh cong suat
may phat th hai va he so cong suat moi may phat.

BAI GIAI
Cong suat tac dung cua hai tai:
P
t
= S
t1
.cos
1
+ S
t2
.cos
2
= 5000.0,8 + 3000.1 = 7000 (kW).
19
Cong suat phan khang cua hai tai:
Q
t
= S
t1
.sin
1
+ S
t2
.sin
2
= 5000.0,6 + 3000.0 = 3000 (kVAr).
Cong suat tac dung cua may phat 2:
P
2
= P
t
P
1
= 7000 4000 = 3000 (kW).
Cong suat phan khang cua may phat 2:
Q
2
= Q
t
Q
1
= 3000 2500 = 500 (kvar).
He so cong suat may phat 1:
cos
1

=
2
1
2
1
1
Q P
P
+
=
2 2
2500 4000
4000
+
= 0,848.
He so cong suat may phat 2:
cos
2

=
2
2
2
2
2
Q P
P
+
=
2 2
500 3000
3000
+
= 0,986.

BAI TAP 6
Mot may phat ien ong bo cung cap cho ho tieu thu mot cong suat 2500 +
j3000 (kVA) vi ien ap 6,3 kV.
- Xac nh tong ton hao tren ng day va trong may phat, biet rang ien tr
mot pha cua ng day r
d
= 0,15 O, cua may phat r

= 0,045 O.
- Neu at them mot may bu ong bo vi cong suat bu la 30 j3000 (kVA)
th tong ton hao tren la bao nhieu?
BAI GIAI
Cong suat cua tai:
). ( 3910 3000 2500
2 2 2 2
kVA Q P S = + = + =

Dong ien tai khi cha bu:
). ( 360
3 , 6 3
3910
3
A
U
S
I =

= =

He so cong suat khi cha bu:
. 64 , 0
3910
2500
S
P
cos = = =

Tong ton hao khi cha bu:
p = 3I
2
(r
d
+r

) = 3360
2
(0,15 + 0,045) = 75,2( kW).
Cong suat cua may khi co bu:
S = S + S
bu
= (2500 + j3000) + (30 j3000) = 2530 (kva).
Dong ien tng ng:
) ( 233
3 , 6 3
2530
3
'
' A
U
S
I =

= =

20
Tong ton hao khi co may bu:
p = 3I
2
(r
d
+ r

) = 3233
2
(0,15 + 0,045) = 31,5(kW).
He so cong suat khi co bu:
cos = 1 v Q = 0.
=
2 2
104 6 , 113 + = 154 (kVA).
Va can chon ong c co dung lng nh mc thoa ieu kien:
S
m
> 154 (KVA)
21



TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

1. Vu Gia Hanh, Tran Khanh Ha, May ien 1,2 NXB Khoa hoc Ky thuat, Ha
Noi 2003.
2. ang Van Thanh, Bai giang May ien 1,2, ai hoc SPKT 2000-2011.
3. Nguyen Trong Thang, May ien, HSPKT, 2004.