Teacher: Mrs.

Valli Class/Set: 9M2 Date: 20/03/12 Number of pupils: 30

Time/Period: 1

Room: CC Level:5/6

Subject: GCSE Scheme of Work: Data representation-Characters

Learning Objectives (WALT): - Understand how binary codes represent characters - Understand the character set concepts and problem solving solution for languages with > 12000 characters. - Able to give examples to explain ASCII and Unicode using bits and bytes. Intended Learning Outcomes (WILF): All must be able to: explain the use of binary codes to represent characters Most should be able to: explain the term character set Some could: describe with examples (for example ASCII and Unicode) the relationship between the number of bits per character in a character set and the number of characters which can be represented. Keywords: binary code, character set, ASCII, Unicode, bits, bytes, symbols, numbers, keyboard, electrical pulse, memory, extended ASCII, font, code page. Reference to cross-curriculum issues (Literacy, Numeracy, Citizenship, PSHE, ECM..): Entry ( 2.5 mins) Starter (5 mins): Discussion on coursework progress, due date and expectations. Main ( 55 mins): Explain WILF Binary Code Computers can only process binary numbers 0 and 1. How do you write essays or emails using only 0s and 1s. Consider spelling mistake. How do you proofread your work? System has been developed to allow you to use full set of alphabetic characters, both upper and lower case, numbers and symbols. The system uses codes to represent each character, number and symbol in the chosen language. The most commonly used system is called the 7-bit standard ASCII code(American Standard Code for Information Interchange). It has space for 128 symbols, enough for standard English. Resources

Data representation_ Characters.pptx

ASCII Table

Extended ASCII Highest bit is zero, the standard ASCII only uses the first 128 numbers available out of 256 Other languages such as German, French, Finnish, and Irish take advantage of other 128 spaces to include their own special characters. Unfortunately there is not a single standard agreed extended ASCII code set. This is because it varies from country to country. The main point to remember is that language and symbols can be represented as binary number within a computer. screen.

For example, the German umlaut is DC Hex or 11011100 in Latin 1 Western European Set.

As long as the encoding is recognised, it should be able to display the correct symbol on the
Character Set People enter data into computer by means of an input device such as keyboard. Actually keyboard is a simply a set of switches arranged in a certain convenient way. Every key is physically identical there is no letter A key or letter X key. The key board send a signal to computer that says The third key on middle row has been pressed. This signal is a binary number. appear on screen.

The computer has to work out what does that means letter s translation process and
A character set converts a binary number/ code into a written language character. Different language keyboard has different character set with software accompanied to translate the keys into right language symbols for you. Dont confuse character set with font. Font is will display the letter A in a certain way it is still A no matter how fancy it is. So far, we have discussed 1 byte character sets such as ASCII and extended ASCII. It only describes 256 symbols. Some languages have far more than this. Example, east languages have more than 12000 characters. We need a method to handle this problem.

Unicode 2 byte scheme can represent 65536 characters (2^16). This is more than enough to hold every currently used language in the world in one place. Imagine that you own a company that sells computers all over the world. Naturally every customer will want to type in their own language. What do you do? Choose the language that the OS needs to handle. The user selects the code page which is one portion of the total Unicode space. Each code page represents the chosen language. Example, code page 1253 within Unicode represents Greek language. If the person in Greece has Greek keyboard and Greek code page is selected within OS, the correct characters appear on the screen.

Task of the day: coded message In order to familiarise with ASCII code, code very short messages then pass them to your friend who has to decode the message using the ASCII code table. (Key Binary) You could do in other way round (Binary Key). Example: HELLO : 1001000 1000101 1001100 1001100 1001111 1001000 1000101 1001100 1001100 1001111: HELLO Differentiation (related to Learning Outcomes) - G & T: Coded message 2/3 words phrase Homework : No homework given due to time constraint (pupils need to complete their coursework within 2 weeks). Assessment including WILF: Questioning & Discussion (AfL): - What is binary code? How is it used to represent characters? - What is character set? How do you solve the problem of typing Chinese character (>12000)? - How many spaces used for ASCII codes, extended ASCII codes and Unicode (bits and bytes) Evaluation of the lesson: Good Informal observations made by curriculum mentor [x]: Good