Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Li cam oan
Em xin cam oan n ny khng ging hon ton bt k n hoc cc cng
trnh c trc.
MC LC
MC LC
Li cam oan
MC LC
ii
vii
Li m u
ii
MC LC
1.3.3.4. Chuyn giao (handoff) CDMA...........................................................9
1.3.3.5. Gi tr Eb/No thp (hay C/I) v chng li...........................................10
1.3.4. T chc cc cell trong mng CDMA.........................................................11
1.4. So snh h thng CDMA vi h thng s dng TDMA...........................12
1.4.1. Cc phng php a truy nhp .................................................................12
1.4.2. So snh h thng CDMA v h thng s dng TDMA.............................13
1.5. Kt lun chng..........................................................................................14
15
25
iii
MC LC
3.1. Gii thiu chng........................................................................................25
3.2. Chuyn giao ................................................................................................25
3.2.1. Mc ch ca chuyn giao.........................................................................25
3.2.2. Trnh t chuyn giao..................................................................................26
3.2.3 Cc loi chuyn giao..................................................................................28
3.2.3.1 Chuyn giao mm v mm hn...........................................................29
3.2.3.2 Chuyn giao cng:...............................................................................29
3.3. iu khin cng sut trong CDMA............................................................30
3.3.1. iu khin cng sut vng h (OLPC).....................................................31
3.3.2. iu khin cng sut vng kn (CLPC)....................................................32
3.4. Kt lun chng..........................................................................................32
34
........................................................................34
iv
MC LC
4.4. Tnh ton dung lng ................................................................................45
4.4.1. Tnh dung lng cc .................................................................................46
4.4.2. Tnh dung lng h thng..........................................................................49
4.5. Kt lun chng..........................................................................................50
51
Chng 6
PHNG
MC LC
6.1. Gii thiu chng........................................................................................59
6.2. Lu thut ton........................................................................................60
6.2.1. Lu thut ton chng trnh chnh........................................................60
6.2.2. Lu thut ton ti u ............................................................................61
6.3. Kt qu m phng.......................................................................................62
6.3.1. Giao din chnh..........................................................................................62
6.3.2. Giao din tnh suy hao cho php................................................................62
6.3.3. Giao din tnh bn knh theo suy hao.........................................................63
6.3.4. Giao din tnh dung lng cc...................................................................63
6.3.5. Giao din tnh s cell..................................................................................64
6.3.6 Giao din ti u cell....................................................................................64
6.3.7. Giao din tnh cho mt vng bt k...........................................................65
6.4. Kt lun chng..........................................................................................65
66
67
Ph lc
68
vi
K hiu
Ting Anh
Ting Vit
1G
2G
3G
First Generation
Second Generation
Third Generation
Authentication Centre
N lc gi trong gi bn
T l li bit
Trm gc
B iu khin trm gc
H thng trm gc
Trm thu pht gc
Downlink
Direct
Sequence
Spectrum
ng ln
A
AuC
B
BHCA
BER
BS
BSC
BSS
BTS
C
CDMA
C/I
D
DL
DSSS
Spread
E
EIR
EIRP
Trung tm ch th thit b
Cng sut pht x ng hng hiu
dng
Frequence
Access
F
FDMA
Division
Multiple
G
GMSC
GoS
GSM
Gateway MSC
Grade of Service
Global System for Mobile
Communication
MSC cng
Cp phc v
H
HLR
HO
vii
Location Area
Location Area Code
Location Area Identity
Khu vc nh v
M nh v
Ch th nh v
Vn hnh v bo dng
Pseudo Noise
Public Land Mobile Network
Public Switched Telephone
Network
Quality of Service
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying
Signal-to-Noise Ratio
User Equipment
Uplink
L
LA
LAC
LAI
M
MAI
ME
MMS
MS
MSC
O
O&M
P
PN
PLMN
PSTN
Q
QoS
QPSK
R
RLB
S
SNR
T
TDMA
U
UE
UL
V
VLR
viii
Li m u
Li m u
Cng vi s pht trin ca cc ngnh cng ngh nh in t, tin hc,
cng ngh thng tin di ng trong nhng nm qua pht trin rt mnh m
cung cp cc loi hnh dch v a dng p ng nhu cu ngy cng cao ca
ngi s dng. K t khi ra i vo cui nm 1940 cho n nay thng tin di
ng pht trin qua nhiu th h v tin mt bc di trn con ng
cng ngh.
Trao i thng tin l nhu cu thit yu trong x hi hin ti. Cc h thng
thng tin di ng ra i to cho con ngi kh nng thng tin mi lc, mi ni.
Pht trin t h thng thng tin di ng tng t, cc h thng thng tin di
ng s th h 2 (2G) ra i vi mc tiu ch yu l h tr dch v thoi v
truyn s liu tc thp. H thng thng tin di ng ng 2G nh du s
thnh cng ca cng ngh GSM vi hn 70% th phn thng ti di ng trn
ton cu hin nay. Trong tng lai, nhu cu cc dch v s liu s ngy cng
tng v c kh nng vt qu nhu cu thng tin thoi. H thng thng tin di
ng th h 3 (3G) ra i nhm p ng cc nhu cu cc dch v s liu tc
cao nh: in thoi thy hnh, video streamming, hi ngh truyn hnh,
nhn tin a phng tin (MMS)
Hin nay, mng thng tin di ng ca Vit Nam ang s dng cng ngh
GSM, mng GMS khng p ng cc yu cu v dch v cng nh i hi v
cht lng dch v, v mng thng tin di ng CDMA v ang tip tc c
m rng trn ton quc c kh nng p ng nhu cu v cht lng v dch
v hin nay. Do vic nghin cu v trin khai mng thng tin di ng
CDMA l mt iu tt yu. Xut pht t nhng suy ngh nh vy nn em
quyt nh chn ti: " Ti u s cell trong tnh ton mng di ng CDMA ".
Ni dung n gm 5 chng :
Chng 1: Tng quan v thng tin di ng CDMA
Chng ny trnh by tng quan v qu trnh pht trin ca cc h thng
thng tin di ng v mng di ng CDMA.
Trang 1
Li m u
Chng 2: K thut tri ph
Trnh by cc khi nim: tri ph trc tip (SS), tri ph dch tn (FH),
tri ph dch thi gian (TH) v cc h thng tri ph trc tip DSSS-BPSK v
DSSS-QPSK.
Chng 3 : Chuyn giao v iu khin cng sut
Trnh by hai vn chuyn giao v iu khin cng sut: trnh t chuyn
giao v cc loi chuyn giao, iu khin cng sut vng kn v iu khin cng
sut vng h trong h thng thng tin di ng CDMA.
Chng 4 : Quy hoch mng CDMA
Trnh by qu trnh quy hoch mng CDMA: nh c mng, phn tch
ng truyn, phn tch suy hao, phn tch dung lng.
Chng 5 : Tnh ton mt vng c th
Tnh ton s cell cho mt vng m bo v cht lng, dung lng v
vng ph. Sau khi tnh ton dng thut ton ti u s cell tit kim chi ph
u t.
Chng 6 : Chng trnh tnh ton v kt qu m phng
Trnh by lu thut ton tng qut, lu thut ton c th v kt
qu m phng.
Trong qu trnh lm ti, em c gng rt nhiu song do kin thc
hn ch nn khng th trnh khi nhng thiu st, sai lm. Em rt mong nhn
c s ph bnh, hng dn v s gip ca Thy c, bn b.
Em xin chn thnh cm n s hng dn. gip tn tnh ca Thy
Nguyn Tn Hng cng cc Thy c trong khoa in t-Vin thng em
hon thnh ti tt nghip ny.
Nng, ngy......thng......nm 2003
Sinh vin thc hin
Trang 2
PSTN Mng
in thoi
cng cng
Trung tm
chuyn mch
in thoi di
ng 1
Trung tm
chuyn mch
in thoi di
ng 1
Trang 3
81
M
Nm
81
90
AMPS
NAMPS
90
2000
TDMDPDCH
DPCCH
2000
M
CMTS
NAMP
IS-136
AMPS
Kh
IS-95
ETACS
IS-54B
S
CDMAKhe
#14
TACS
e
CMTS
IS-136
I
#i
IS-95
ETACS
Chu u
M
TACS
GSM
Kh
T
CDMA
2
e
U
NMT45
NMT900 GSM
DECPCN
0
#1
M
0
T
NMT45
NMT900
DKhe
Tkh
PCN#0
0
S
CT-2
I
=
EC
e
NTT
25
NTT
PDC
Nht
P
60
P
S
chi
NTT
PDC
Nht
L
li
PHS
p, Mi
PS POCSAG
NTT
JTACS
NJTACS
M
Hnh 1.2. Qu trnh pht trin
u di ng trn th giiT
10. ca cc h thng thng tin
PHS
JTACS
NJTACS
Nda
2k
S
Cuc gi gi
bit
ERMES
ta
90 S POCSAG
(k
bit
FLEX
ERMES
=
2000
0
FLEX
81
6)
Nm
Trang 4
n di ng trn th gii
My di ng MS (Mobile Station)
H thng trm gc BSS (Basic Station System)
H thng chuyn mch SS (Switching System)
Trung tm vn hnh, bo dng OMC (Operation and Maintenance Center)
SS
H thng chuyn
mch
AuC
VLR
Cc mng
khc
ISDN,
PSTN
HLR
EIR
MSC
GMSC
BSS
BSC
H thng trm gc
OMC
H thng vn hnh v bo
dng
BTS
Truyn dn
Kt ni cuc gi
SIM
MS
Trang 5
Trang 6
Trang 7
T/L
My pht dng m PN tri ph
Ph tn hiu
pht
Ph tin tc
Tri ph
Fc
0 1/T
T/L
My thu dng bn sao m PN nn ph
Fc+T/L
T
Ph tn hiu
thu c
Ph tin tc
Nn ph
fc
fc+T/L
f
0 1/T
Trang 8
Trang 9
BTSa
BTSb
BTSa
BTSa
BTSb
Chuyn giao mm
MS
BTSb
MS
MS
BTSb
MS
BTSa
BTSb
MS
Trang 10
LA2
MSC
VLR
LA3
Vng PLMN
Vng MSC/VLR
LA
CELL
LA4
Cell
MSC
MSC
VLR
III
VLR
MSC
MSC
VLR
VLR
II
PLMN
T ba hnh v trn ta c mt s khi nim sau v cch t chc cell trong mng
di ng t ong:
+ Cell tng ng vi vng ph sng ca mt trm BTS, c nhn dng bi
con s nhn dng cell.
+ Vng nh v LA tng ng vi vng ph sng ca mt nhm cc cell do mt
MSC/VLR qun l, c nhn dng bi con s nhn dng vng nh v LAI.
+Mt s cc LA nm di s kim sot ca mt MSC/VLR gi l vng
MSC/VLR.
Trang 11
Bn
knh
cell
Khong cch
cc BTS gia
cc cell ln cn
Tam gic
u
3 3R 2
=1.3R
4
Hnh
vung
2R
2R2
Lc gic
u
3R
3 3R 2
=2.6R
2
3 2
R =3.67R2
2
2
4 ( 1) R =2.28R2
2
3 2
R =1.09R2
6
3
2
S cell
ln cn
cc i
3
4
6
Trang 12
tn s
tn s
tn s
thi gian
thi gian
tthi gian
Trang 13
CDMA
GMS
1,23 MHz
200 kHz
nh hng ca cc knh ln cn
iu khin cng
sut
Tt hn
Thp hn
Dung lng
Bo mt
C tnh bo mt cao hn nh m
tri ph
Bng tn s dng
Di tn s
Knh s dng
Trang 14
1
b
b(t)c(t)
Tn hiu c s hai
b(t)
c(t)
Tn hiu PN c s hai
Tn hiu DS/SS-BPSK
Sng mang
Sng mang
Trang 16
1
Mt khung
2T
3T
Trang 17
1
B iu ch BPSK
b
b(t)c(t)
Tn hiu c s hai
b(t)
c(t)
Tn hiu DS/SS-BPSK
Sng mang
Tn hiu PN c s hai
Sng mang
b(t)
1
0
-1
2T
3T
2NTc
3NTc
s(t ) = A b(t )c
c(t)
1
0
Tc
NTc
-1
b(t)c(t)
1
0
2NTc
3NTc
t
-1
s(t)
A
t
-A
Tn hiu b(t) c tri ph bng tn hiu PN c(t) bng cch nhn hai tn hiu
ny vi nhau. Tn hiu nhn c b(t)c(t) sau c iu ch cho sng mang s
dng BPSK, cho ta tn hiu DS/SSBPSK xc nh theo cng thc [1]:
b(t)=Ab(t)c(t)cos(2 fct+ )
(3.1)
Trang 18
B gii iu ch BPSK
w(t)=b(t-)Acos(2
b(t)
Tn hiu c s hai
Tn hiu DS/SS-BPSK
c(t-)
Acos[2
Tn hiu PN c s hai
Sng mang
s(t )
A
0
-A
NTc
1
0
Tc
NTc
2NTc
3NTc
t
-1
c(t )
A
0
-A
b(t)
1
t
0
-1
w(t )
2T
3T
(3.2)
Trang 19
(3.3)
'
V c2(t)= 1 trong = 2f c . Tn hiu nhn c l mt tn hiu bng
Hnh 2.7a
Trang 20
Hnh 2.7b
Hnh 2.7. S khi (a) v cc dng sng (b) my pht DS/SS-QPSK
(3.4)
c (t )b(t )
(t ) = tan 1 1
c
(
t
)
b
(
t
)
2
(t)= /4
nu c1(t)b(t)=1; c2(t)b(t)=1
(t)=3 /4
nu c1(t)b(t)=1; c2(t)b(t)= -1
Trang 21
(t)=7 /4
u1(t)
sin( 2f c t + ' )
u(t)
c1 (t )
w2(t)
t i +T
(.) dt
zi
1 hay -1
ti
u2(t)
DS/SS-QPSK
2f c t + ' )
s (t Hnh
2.8.) S khi my thu h thngcos(
c 2 (pha
t v vung
) gc c tri ph c lp vi nhau bi c (t)
Cc thnh phn ng
1
(3.5)
(3.6)
A
A
b(t )[1 cos( 4f ct + 2 '] b(t )c1 (t )c2 (t ) sin( 4f ct + 2 ' )
2
2
u 2 (t ) = Ab(t ) cos 2 (2f c t + ' ) Ab(t )c1 (t )c 2 (t ) sin( 2f c t + ' ) cos( 2f c t + ' )
u 2 (t ) =
A
A
b(t )[1 + cos( 4f c t + 2 '] b(t )c1 (t )c 2 (t ) sin( 4f c t + 2 ' )
2
2
(3.7)
Tng cc tn hiu trn c ly tch phn trong khong thi gian mt bit. Kt
qu cho ta: zi= AT (nu bn tin tng ng bng 1) v tt c cc tn s 2fc c gi tr
tch phn bng 0. V th u ra b so snh l 1 (mc logic).
Hai tn hiu PN c th l hai tn hiu c lp hoc c th ly t mt tn hiu PN.
Trang 22
Trang 23
Trang 24
Trang 25
Cng tn hiu
Tn hiu B
Tn hiu A
(1) (2) (3)
Hnh 3.1 Nguyn tc chung ca thut ton chuyn giao Thi gian
Cellv
A quan trng trong quCell
B chuyn giao v hai l do c
o lng l nhim
trnh
bn sau:
+ Mc tn hiu trn ng truyn dn v tuyn thay i rt ln ty thuc vo
fainh v tn hao ng truyn. Nhng thay i ny ph thuc vo mi trng trong
cell v tc di chuyn ca thu bao.
Trang 26
Trang 27
Trang 28
Trang 29
RNC
UE
Trang 30
UE
P_trx = 1/cng hoa tiu
Trang 31
Quyt nh
iu khin
cng sut BTS
Lnh TPC
UE
iu chnh
P_trx ca UE
theo lnh TPC
UE
Lnh TPC
iu chnh
P_trx ca UE
theo lnh TPC
Cc tham s c s dng nh gi cht lng cng sut thu nhm thc hin
quyt nh iu khin cng sut nh: SIR, t l li khung-FER, t l li bit BER. C
ch CLPC ni trn l c ch iu khin cng sut vng trong v c ch iu khin
cng sut nhanh nht trong h thng CDMA.
Trang 32
Trang 33
4.2. nh c mng
4.2.1. Qu trnh nh c mng
c im kt ni v
tuyn:
Tc d liu
Eb/No trung bnh
li chuyn giao
theo dB.
Khi
to gi
tr lu
lng
mi cell
(gi
thit ti
a)
D tr
nhiu
Tnh bn knh cell
Bn knh cell ti a trong mi
loi vng
c im truyn dn:
cao anten.
c im suy hao vng
H s tng quan vng
D tr fading chun log
c im dch v:
T l nghn
T l dun g lng (gi)
ti a trn trung bnh
Tnh h
s ti
Lu
lng ti
a mi
cell
Nu dung lng
qu thp
Cc tham s thit b:
Lp cng sut MS
nhy MS / BS
li anten
S side/tng lu lng h tr
trong mi loi vng
Hnh 5.5
Lc4.1.
qQu
u trnh
nh
c mng
v tuyn
W -CDMA.
Hnh
trnh
nh
c mng
CDMA
Trang 34
PN
Ptong
(4.1)
N '0
Pi
S 1 GP
= G P
=
N i i i Ptong Pi
i
Pi =
(4.2)
1
Ptong
GP
1+
( E b / N ' 0 ) i i
(4.3)
Li =
Pi
=
Ptong
1
GP
1+
( E b / N ' 0 ) i i
(4.4)
Trang 35
i =1
i =1
Ptong PN = (1 + ) Pi = (1 + ) Li Ptong
N
= (1 + ) Li = (1 + )
i =1
1+
1
G Pi
( Eb / N ' 0 ) i i
(4.5)
(4.6)
Eb / N '0
N (1 + )
GP
(4.7)
(4.8)
T hnh v 4.2 ta thy, khi s thu bao s dng ng thi trong cell tng, h s
ti tng ng tng theo dn n d tr nhiu tng. Khi h s ti tng th suy hao cho
Trang 36
Trong :
R
i =1
(4.9)
Rmax
=
i Gb 0 i [(1 i ) + ]
[2]:
(4.10)
i =1
Trong :
Pi
Trang 37
Hnh 4.3 cho thy s ph thuc cu h s ti, d tr nhiu v suy hao php
vo s ngi s dng. Khi s ngi s dng tng ln, ng vi cc tc bit khc
nhau th s thay i ca ng h s ti, ng d tr nhiu v ng suy hao
cho php cng khc nhau. Kt qu hnh 4.3 cho thy, khi tc bit 9600 bit/s th
h s ti, d tr nhiu u thp hn khi tc bit 14400 bit/s, nhng suy hao cho
php li ln hn. Cng phc v mt s cc thu bao, tc bit cng ln th d tr
nhiu phi ln.
Nh vy, dung lng ng xung b gii bi ti, khi h s ti t cc i
bng 1 th d tr nhiu ln v cng.
Trang 38
(4.11)
Trong :
W: tc chp
La : Tn hao ng truyn cho php.
N0 : Tp m nn ca BS.
Pm : Cng sut pht x hiu dng ca MS.
Lb : Tn hao c th
Pmin : Cng tn hiu ti thiu yu cu.
li x l:Gp = 10logW/R
Gb : H s khuch i ca Anten pht BS.
R : Tc bit (bps)
Lc : Tn hao cp Anten thu BS.
Fb : H s tp m my thu.
Eb/N0 : d tr cn thit ca anten pht BS.
Lct : d tr che ti
Lh : Tn hao truy nhp ta nh.
Cng ti thiu : Pmin = N0+Fb+10logR + Eb/N0 - logGp + Ldtn(dBm)
th hnh 4.4 c v t cng thc 4.11, vi cc thng s: N0=-174 dBm/Hz;
Lb=10 dB; Pm=36 dBm; Gp=128 (1228800/9600); Gp=8.533 (1228800/14400);
Lc=2.5 dB; Fb=5 dB; Eb/N0=6.8 dB; Lct=10.2 dB; Ldtn=3 dB (tng ng vi h s ti
50%); Gb=15 dBi.
Hnh 4.4 biu din suy hao cho php ca ng truyn theo cc thng s: Eb/N0
v cng sut bc x ca MS tng ng vi hai tc bit 9600 bit/s v 14400 bit/s.
Trang 39
Hnh 4.4 biu din cc ng suy hao theo cc tc bit khc nhau. Khi tc
bit 14400 bit/s th ng suy hao thp hn ng suy hao ng vi tc bit 9600
bit/s. ng suy hao cho php theo theo t s EbN0 gim khi Eb/N0 tng v ng
suy hao theo cng sut bc x tng khi m cng sut bc x tng. Khi E b/N0 tng,
ngha l BER gim, gim t l bit li yu cu ca my thu nh vy th cht lng ca
dch v tng ln v suy hoa cho php gim xung mi c th p ng c. Mun
suy hao cho php ca ng truyn tng th ta phi tng cng sut pht ca MS. Nh
vy, khi tnh ton suy hao cho php th n ph thuc vo nhiu thng s trong hai
thng s c phn tch hnh 4.4 l c th thay i trong khi mng hot ng. Ta
c th thay i cht lng ca dch v hoc cng sut pht ca MS t c suy
hao ng truyn cho php.
4.3.2. Cc m hnh truyn sng
Trong qu trinh quy hoch mng, cc m hnh truyn dn c s dng tnh
ton cng tn hiu ca mt my pht trong vng tnh ton. S truyn lan sng v
tuyn t my pht n my thu tnh ton khng n gin v nhiu tr ngi v chu
nh hng ca cc yu t mi trng tc ng. Trong iu kin s dng m hnh
thc nghim tnh ton suy hao ng truyn c hiu qu hn. Nhng m hnh ny
s dng cc tham s t do v cc h s hiu chnh khc nhau c th iu chnh bng
Trang 40
Trong m hnh ny, ban u suy hao ng truyn c tnh bng cch tnh h
s hiu chnh anten cho cc vng th l hm ca khong cch gia trm gc, trm
di ng v tn s. Kt qu c iu chnh bng cc h s cho cao anten trm gc
v trm di ng .
Cc biu thc ton hc c s dng trong m hnh Hata-Okumura xc nh
tn hao trung bnh [6]:
Lp= 69,55+26,16.lgfc 13,28.lghb a(hm) + (44,9-6,55.lghb).lgR (dB)
(4.12)
(4.13)
(4.14)
(4.15)
Nh vy bn knh c tnh :
Trang 41
lg R =
[L
(4.16)
44,9 6,55. lg hb
- Vng ngoi : Vi vng ngoi h s hiu chnh suy hao so vi vng thnh
f 2
lg
5
,
4
(dB)
ph l [6]: Lno = Lp - 2
28
(4.17)
- Vng nng thn: Vi vng nng thn h s hiu chnh suy hao so vi vng
thnh ph l[6]: Lnt = Lp 4,78.(lgfc)2 +18,33(lgfc) - 40,49 (dB)
(4.18)
Hnh 4.5 biu din bn ng cong suy hao ca bn vng: vng nng thn,
vng ngoi , vng thnh ph ln v vng thnh ph trung bnh v nh. Vng nng
thn c suy hao thp nht trong cc vng, ng vi bn knh 5 km th vng nng thn
Trang 42
Sng ti
My di ng
hb
Ta nh
hr
w
b
Mt ng
hm
Anten trm di ng
(4.19)
(4.20)
Trang 43
(4.21)
(4.22)
(4.23)
(4.24)
ka=54, hb>hr
ka = 54 0,8, hb >=hr v R>=500 m
(4.25)
, hb hr
18
hm
kd =
18, h < h
b
r
(4.26)
k f = 4 + 1,5 c 1 vi thnh ph ln
925
(4.27)
(4.28)
( 20 + k d )
(4.29)
Trang 44
T th hnh 4.6 v th hnh 4.7 ta thy suy hao ng truyn theo m hnh
Walfisch-Ikegami ln hn m hnh Hata v n c xt n nhiu tn x, nhiu vt
chn. Do khi tnh ton bn knh cell ta dng m hnh Walfisch-Ikegami tnh
suy hao.
Trang 45
( SNR ) j
Pj
N
v P (1 + ) + WN
i =1
j i
(4.30)
(1 + ) N
vi Pi + N O
W i =1
(4.31)
i j
(4.32)
Gp
Eb
v(1 + )
N 'O
WN O
Pv(1 + )
(4.33)
Trang 46
N max = 1 +
Gp
Eb
v(1 + )
N 'O
(4.34)
N max = 1 +
Gp
Eb
v(1 + )
N 'O
(4.35)
Trang 47
Eb
: th chng
N0 + I0
Trang 48
nT
3600
(4.36)
mt u
3600
(4.37)
Trang 49
Etot
E CCH
(4.38)
phc v Stotal thu bao, ta tnh c tng lu lng Erlang cn thit theo cng
thc [3]:
C Erl =
S total
A
(4.39)
Trang 50
1
2
3
4
Tn
vng
A
B
C
D
S thu bao d
kin phc v
10000
5000
3200
1800
Din tch
km2
400
250
200
150
Phn loi mi
trng
Trung tm th
ngoi
Trung tm
ngoi
Trang 51
Gi tr
Thng s
Gi tr
Cp phc v GoS
2%
1,38
36 dBm
T s Eb/N0 yu cu
6,8
15 dBi
H s tch cc thoi ( )
0,4
T s FER
0,4
Tc d liu (R)
Thi gian trung bnh cuc gi
Tn s (f)
1,4
0,01
1,2288 MHz
9600 kbit/s
2,5 dB
65 s
2,4
880 MHz
2,5 dB
Tp m my thu (Fb)
5 dB
Tp m nn BTS (N0)
rng ng ph (w)
15 m
25 m
15 m
1,5 m
30 m
Gc ti ca tia sng ( )
10,2 dB
10 dB
-174 dBm/Hz
200
2 dB
D tr nhiu (Ldtn)
3 dB
Trang 52
Gp
Eb
v(1 + )
N 'O
=1+
(1228800 / 9600 )
2,4
1,3
36
6,8 / 10
10
x 0,4(1 + 0,4) 3
Trang 53
+ H s ti: =
Eb / N '0
6,8
K (1 + ) =
27 * 0,4 * (1 + 0,4) = 0,79
GP
1228800 / 9600
BHCA/
thu
bao
1.38
1.38
1.38
1.38
S thu
bao
Dung
lng cn
Dung lng cn
SHOF
Erlang
10000
5000
3200
1800
20000
249.17
124.58
79.73
44.85
498.33
1.4
1.4
1.4
1.4
k c SHOF
Erlang
348.84
174.4
111.6
62.8
697.64
Dung
lng
cc
Erlang
19.256
19.256
19.256
19.256
S
di
qut
S
cell
18.12
9.06
5.8
3.26
36.24
8
4
2
1
15
Trang 54
(1)
L0 = -9.646 dB
Lbsh = -18log11 + hb = -3,75 dB
f
1 = 3,93
925
(dB)
= 154,47 + 21,33logr
T (1) v (2), ta c:
(2)
Trang 55
Tn
vng
A
B
C
D
Tng
Din tch
km2
400
250
200
150
1000
S cell
11
7
5
4
27
Kt qu bng 5.4 cho thy ph sng ton b vng phc v 1000 km2 ta cn
27 cell, nh vy so vi cch tnh theo dung lng th s cell ln hn rt nhiu v dung
lng d on kh thp (trung bnh 20 thu bao/km2).
5.4.3. Kt qu tnh s cell
Kt qu tnh s cell l ly kt qu ln nht t hai cch tnh trn. T kt qu
ny ta tnh li cc thng s: s thu bao ca mt cell, h s ti, d tr nhiu, bn knh
cell. Ta c bng kt qu sau:
Bng 5.5. Bng kt qu tnh s cell theo vng ph
Vng
A
B
C
D
Tng
Din tch
(km2)
400
250
200
150
1000
H s
ti
0.48
0.39
0.36
0.24
D tr
nhiu [dB]
2.84
2.15
1.94
1.19
Suy hao
(dB)
166.91
167.6
167.81
168.56
Bn knh
(km)
3,76
3,76
3,76
3,76
S
cell
11
7
5
4
27
Kt qu bng 5.5 cho thy s cell cn cho ton b vng phc v l 27 cell, m
bo c yu cu v dung lng v vng ph. Vi kt qu ny th dung lng c th
tng ln ln trong tng lai m h thng vn c kh nng phc v v h s ti cn rt
thp. Tuy nhin, iu ny lm lng ph trong u t gim s cell ta ti u theo
thut ton ti u gia vng ph v dung lng.
Trang 56
Phn tch
vng ph
Bn knh cell cc i
Din tch cell cc i
ng
Kt qu ca h
s ti
Tng
Nu
Sai
ng
Nu
Gim
Sai
Chp nhn bn knh cell
Xc nh s cell
S cell=max{s cell tnh theo dung
lng, s cell tnh theo vng ph}
Trang 57
Vng
Din
tch
(km2)
A
B
C
D
Tng
400
250
200
150
1000
S
thu
bao
10000
5000
3200
1800
20000
H s ti
0.48
0.45
0.42
0.33
D tr
nhiu
[dB]
Suy
hao
(dB)
Bn
knh
(km)
2.84
2.52
1.08
1.67
166.91
167.67
167.95
168.08
3.8
3.93
4.19
4.31
S
cell
11
6
4
3
24
Trang 58
Chng 6
Trang 59
Bt u
Kt thc
Nhp cc thng s:
+ Thng s truyn dn
+Thng s trm gc
+Thng s trm di ng
In kt qu
In kt qu
In kt qu
In kt qu
In kt qu
Tnh s cell:
-Theo dung lng
-Theo vng ph
In kt qu
Trang 60
Phn tch
dung
lng
Phn tch
vng ph
Bn knh cell cc i
Din tch cell cc i
ng
Kt qu ca h
s ti
Tng
Nu
Sai
ng
Nu
Gim
Sai
Chp nhn bn knh cell
Xc nh s cell
Trang 61
6.3. Kt qu m phng
6.3.1. Giao din chnh
Trang 62
Trang 63
Trang 64
Trang 65
Trang 66
Ti li u tham kh o
[1].PTS.Nguyn Phm Anh Dng, Thng tin di ng th h 3 (tp 1), Nh xut bn
bu in, 2001.
[2].PTS.Nguyn Phm Anh Dng, Thng tin di ng th h 3 (tp 2), Nh xut bn
bu in, 2001.
[3].V c Th, Tnh ton mng thng tin di ng s Cellular, Nh xut bn gio
dc, 2001.
[4]. PTS. Nguyn Phm Anh Dng, Thng tin di ng (tp 1), Nh xut bn khoa hc
v gio dc, H Ni 1997
[5]. PTS. Nguyn Phm Anh Dng, Thng tin di ng (tp 2), Nh xut bn khoa hc
v gio dc, H Ni 1997
[6]. PTS. Nguyn Phm Anh Dng, cdmaOne v cdma2000, Nh xut bn bu in,
H Ni - 1997
[7].TS.Trn Hng Qun-PGS.TS.Nguyn Bch Ln-Ks.L Xun Cng-Ks.Phm
Hng K, Thng tin di ng, Nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut, H Ni 2001
[8].Lee, William C.Y, Mobile Cellular Telrcommunication Systems, McGraw-Hill,
New York, 1989.
[9].Clint Smith, P.E. Curt Gervelis, Cellular System Design and Optimization,
McGraw-Hill, New York, 1996.
[10].Tp ch bu chnh vin thng
Thng 12/2004
Thng 1/2005
Thng 2/2005
Thng 3/2005
Thng 4/2005
[10]. Cc Web Site tham kho :
http://www.ericsson.com.review.
www.danang.gov.com
www.gsmworld .com
www.cellular.com
home.intekom.com
www.cdg.org
www.umtsworld.com
www.ericson.com
www.nokia.com
Trang 67
Ph lc
Ph lc
BNG ERLANG B
N: S knh hay mch truyn dn cn cho lu lng mun truyn cp phc v
xc nh.
KNH
MCH
N
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
CP PHC V
0.002
0.005
0.008
0.010
0.002
0.065
0.249
0.535
0.900
1.325
1.798
2.311
2.855
3.427
4.022
4.637
5.270
5.919
6.582
7.258
7.946
8.644
9.351
10.068
10.793
11.525
12.265
13.011
13.763
14.522
15.285
16.054
16.828
17.606
18.389
19.176
19.966
20.761
21.559
22.361
23.166
23.974
24.785
25.599
26.416
27.235
28.057
28.882
29.708
0.005
0.105
0.349
0.701
1.132
1.622
2.157
2.730
3.333
3.961
4.610
5.279
5.964
6.663
7.376
8.100
8.834
9.578
10.331
11.092
11.860
12.635
13.416
14.204
14.997
15.795
16.598
17.406
18.218
19.034
19.854
20.678
21.505
22.336
23.169
24.006
24.846
25.689
26.534
27.382
28.232
29.085
29.940
30.797
31.656
0.008
0.135
0.418
0.810
1.281
1.809
2.382
2.990
3.627
4.289
4.971
5.671
6.386
7.115
7.857
8.609
9.371
10.143
10.922
11.709
12.503
13.303
14.110
14.922
15.739
16.561
17.387
18.218
19.053
19.891
20.734
21.580
22.429
23.281
24.136
24.994
25.854
26.718
27.583
28.451
29.322
30.194
31.069
31.946
32.824
0.010
0.153
0.455
0.869
1.361
1.909
2.501
3.128
3.783
4.461
5.160
5.876
6.607
7.352
8.108
8.875
9.652
10.437
12.230
12.031
12.838
13.651
14.470
15.295
16.125
16.959
17.797
18.640
19.487
20.337
21.193
22.048
22.909
23.772
24.638
25.507
26.378
27.252
28.129
29.007
29.888
30.771
31.656
32.543
33.432
0.015
0.020
0.025
0.030
0.050
0.100
0.015
0.020
0.190
0.222
0.535
0.602
0.992
1.092
1.524
1.657
2.112
2.276
2.742
2.935
3.405
3.627
4.095
4.345
4.807
5.084
5.539
5.842
6.287
6.615
7.049
7.402
7.824
8.200
8.610
9.010
9.406
9.828
10.211
10.656
11.024
11.491
11.845
12.339
12.672
13.182
13.506
14.036
14.345
14.896
15.190
15.761
16.040
16.631
16.894
17.505
17.753
18.383
18.616 19.265
19.482
20.150
20.352
21.039
21.226
21.932
22.103
22.827
22.983
23.725
23.866
24.626
24.751
25.529
25.640
26.435
26.530
27.343
27.424
28.254
28.319
29.166
29.217
30.081
30.116
30.997
31.018
31.916
31.922
32.836
32.827
33.758
33.735
34.682
34.644
35.607
0.026
0.254
0.661
1.180
1.772
2.417
3.102
3.817
4.558
5.320
6.099
6.894
7.701
8.520
9.349
10.188
11.034
11.888
12.748
13.615
14.487
15.364
16.246
17.133
18.024
18.918
19.817
20.719
21.623
22.531
23.442
24.356
25.272
26.191
27.112
28.035
28.960
29.887
30.816
31.747
32.680
33.615
34.551
35.488
36.428
0.031
0.282
0.715
1.259
1.875
2.543
3.250
3.987
4.748
5.529
6.328
7.141
7.967
8.803
9.650
10.505
11.368
12.238
13.115
13.997
14.885
15.778
16.675
17.577
18.483
19.392
20.305
21.221
22.140
23.062
23.987
24.914
25.844
26.776
27.711
28.647
29.585
30.526
31.468
32.412
33.357
34.305
35.253
36.203
37.155
0.053
0.381
0.899
1.525
2.218
2.960
3.738
4.543
5.370
6.216
7.076
7.950
8.835
9.730
10.633
11.544
12.461
13.385
14.315
15.249
16.189
17.132
18.080
19.031
19.985
20.943
21.904
22.867
23.833
24.802
25.773
26.746
27.721
28.698
29.677
30.657
31.640
32.624
33.609
34.596
35.584
36.574
37.565
38.557
39.550
0.111
0.595
1.271
2.045
2.881
3.758
4.666
5.597
6.546
7.511
8.487
9.474
10.470
11.473
12.484
13.500
14.522
15.548
16.579
17.613
18.651
19.692
20.737
21.784
22.833
23.885
24.939
25.995
27.053
28.113
29.174
30.237
31.301
32.367
33.434
34.503
35.572
36.643
37.715
38.787
39.861
40.936
42.011
43.088
44.165
Trang 68
Ph lc
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
30.538
31.369
32.203
33.039
33.876
34.716
35.558
36.401
37.247
38.094
38.942
30.793
40.645
41.498
42.353
43.210
44.068
44.927
45.788
46.650
47.513
48.378
49.243
50.110
50.979
51.848
52.718
53.590
54.463
55.337
56.211
57.087
57.964
58.842
59.720
60.600
61.480
62.362
63.244
64.127
65.011
65.896
66.782
67.669
68.556
69.444
70.333
71.222
72.113
73.004
73.895
74.788
75.681
76.575
77.469
32.517
33.381
34.246
35.113
35.982
36.852
37.724
38.598
39.474
40.351
41.229
42.109
42.990
43.873
44.757
45.642
46.528
47.416
48.305
49.195
50.086
50.978
51.872
52.766
53.662
54.558
55.455
56.354
57.253
58.153
59.054
59.956
60.859
61.763
62.668
63.573
64.479
65.386
66.294
67.202
68.111
69.021
69.932
70.843
71.755
72.668
73.581
74.495
75.410
76.325
77.241
78.157
79.074
79.992
80.910
33.705
34.587
35.471
36.357
37.245
38.134
39.024
39.916
40.810
41.705
42.601
43.499
44.398
45.298
46.199
47.102
48.005
48.910
49.816
50.723
51.631
52.540
53.450
54.361
55.273
56.186
57.099
58.014
58.929
59.846
60.763
61.681
62.600
63.519
64.439
65.360
66.282
67.204
68.128
69.051
69.976
70.901
71.827
72.753
73.680
74.608
75.536
76.465
77.394
78.324
79.255
80.186
81.117
82.050
82.982
34.322
35.215
36.109
37.004
37.901
38.800
39.700
40.602
41.505
42.409
43.315
44.222
45.130
46.039
46.950
47.861
48.774
49.688
50.603
51.518
52.435
53.353
54.272
55.191
56.112
57.033
57.956
58.879
59.803
60.728
61.653
62.579
63.506
64.434
65.363
66.292
67.222
68.152
69.084
70.016
70.948
71.881
72.815
73.749
74.684
75.620
76.556
77.493
78.430
79.368
80.306
81.245
82.184
83.124
84.064
35.554
36.466
37.380
38.296
39.212
40.130
41.050
41.971
42.893
43.816
44.740
45.666
46.593
47.521
48.449
49.379
50.310
51.242
52.175
53.109
54.043
54.979
55.915
56.852
57.790
58.729
59.669
60.609
61.550
62.492
63.434
64.378
65.322
66.266
67.211
68.157
69.104
70.051
70.998
71.947
72.896
73.845
74.795
75.745
76.696
77.648
78.600
79.553
80.506
81.459
82.413
83.368
84.323
85.278
86.234
36.534
37.462
38.392
39.323
40.255
41.189
42.124
43.060
43.997
44.936
45.875
46.816
47.758
48.700
49.644
50.589
51.534
52.481
53.428
54.376
55.325
56.275
57.226
58.177
59.129
60.082
61.036
61.990
62.945
63.900
64.857
65.814
66.771
67.729
68.688
69.647
70.607
71.568
72.529
73.490
74.452
75.415
76.378
77.342
78.306
79.271
80.236
81.201
82.167
83.133
84.100
85.068
86.035
87.003
87.972
37.368
38.310
39.254
40.198
41.144
42.091
43.040
43.989
44.940
45.891
46.844
47.797
48.752
49.707
50.664
51.621
52.579
53.538
54.498
55.459
56.420
57.383
58.346
59.309
60.274
61.239
62.204
63.171
64.138
65.105
66.073
67.042
68.012
68.982
69.952
70.923
71.895
72.867
73.839
74.813
75.786
76.760
77.735
78.710
79.685
80.661
81.638
82.614
83.592
84.569
85.547
86.526
87.504
88.484
89.463
38.108
39.062
40.018
40.975
41.933
42.892
43.852
44.813
45.776
46.739
47.703
48.669
49.635
50.602
51.570
52.539
53.508
54.478
55.450
56.421
57.394
58.367
59.341
60.316
61.291
62.267
63.244
64.221
65.199
66.177
67.156
68.136
69.116
70.096
71.077
72.059
73.041
74.024
75.007
75.990
76.974
77.959
78.944
79.929
80.915
81.901
82.888
83.875
84.862
85.850
86.838
87.826
88.815
89.804
90.794
40.545
41.540
42.537
43.534
44.533
45.533
46.533
47.534
48.536
49.539
50.543
51.548
52.553
53.559
54.566
55.573
56.581
57.590
58.599
56.609
60.619
61.630
62.642
63.654
64.667
65.680
66.694
67.708
68.723
69.738
70.753
71.769
72.786
73.803
74.820
75.838
76.856
77.874
78.893
79.912
80.932
81.952
82.972
83.993
85.014
86.035
87.057
88.079
89.101
90.123
91.146
92.169
93.193
94.216
95.240
45.243
46.322
47.401
48.481
49.562
50.644
51.726
52.808
53.891
54.975
56.059
57.144
58.229
59.315
60.401
61.488
62.575
63.663
64.750
65.839
66.927
68.016
69.106
70.196
71.286
72.376
73.467
74.558
75.649
76.741
77.833
78.925
80.018
81.110
82.203
83.297
84.390
85.484
86.578
87.672
88.767
89.861
90.956
92.051
93.146
94.242
95.338
96.434
97.530
98.626
99.722
100.819
101.916
103.013
104.110
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