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CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Who could have imagined that one day we would be able to sit at a table in Pokhara and have a conversation with the one who is in America? But now it is no more imagination, its the reality. The world has changed into the small village. Today the earth is globalized and all the credit goes to communication Medias, the wonders of science which never cease to amaze us.

Communication has extended the horizons of human knowledge. It has added immensely to man's capacity for work. By doing away with distance communication Medias has brought man closer to man. The east has now met the west. While sitting in a room one can watch or listen to what is happening around the globe.

Among the various types of communication Media's telephone seem to be more amazing and most widely used for conversation and other purposes.

In 1876 Scottish-born American inventor Alexander Graham Bell was the first to patent and produce a telephone.

The telephone network also uses both wire line and wireless methods to deliver voice communications between people, and data communications between computers and people or other computers. Now at present the use of mobile phones is excess. Mobile, esp. in developed countries has become the part of living.

Even in developing countries like Nepal the use of mobile phone has skyrocketed. In cities areas, one without mobile is rare. It seems as if more than the need it has become the fashion. In this 21

st

century it is the good symptom to have access communication Medias to the people of all level and all classes but in context of Nepal it is highly centralized within few urban areas like Katmandu, Pokhara, and Biratnagar etc. There might be many technical and other problems behind it anyway the one fact is obvious that the users of mobile phone have increased dramatically and it is probably good news to the investors in the relevant field.

Being focused on youngsters and those who are college students it seems as if the mobile phone is included in their curriculum, means more than the need it is used as a luxurious tool. Carrying mobile phone, talking excitedly and asking even about the daily routines has decreased the value of it. So mobile phone has become a part of fashion. It is not that all the times mobile phone is misused but it is also true that the contribution that the mobile phone has made is not less remarkable.

1.2 Statement of the problem

The use of mobile phone has drastically increased. Its not bad to get access with information technology but the situation would be worse if misused. The study is emphasized on determining the mobile using behavior of students inside the college premises and their impact on various aspects of teaching and learning environment. The study evokes the following questions

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

Why teens or college students are more attracted towards the mobile phone? How good is it to use mobile phone inside the college premises? Are both students and teachers, using mobile phone unnecessarily? What effect has it caused on the teaching and learning environment? What are the major topics that the students usually talk on mobile phones? How are the students managing their expenditures of mobile phone?

1.3 Research objective

The entire objective of the research is to find the opinion of the students of Pokhara valley regarding the use of mobile phones. The objectives of the study are: To explore reasons for mobile use. To identify consequences of mobile use in college premises. To identify sources for mobile expenditure. To explore the brands of mobile phone that students use. To identify, on what services generally they rely on (NTC service or Mero service).

1.4 Significance of the Study

The research is concentrated to know the opinions of students regarding the use of mobile phones inside college premises. The report is important to know what the students themselves think about the use of it. So the significance of the study is: Students' opinion towards use of mobile phone inside college premises. Helps to take further actions regarding its use inside the college premises. Raises awareness in students regarding its proper use.

1.5 Limitation of the Study

Following are the limitations of the study:

The study is completed based on a sample population so results may not be generalized. The study is limited with in Pokhara valley only so it doesnt cover overall scenario of Nepal.

1.6 Research Methodology

1.6.1 Research design

The analytical along with descriptive approach have been used for the purpose of study

1.6.2 Sample frame

The students studying in colleges at various level (+2, Intermediate, and Bachelor) within Pokhara valley is the total population for the study.

1.6.3 Sample size & sampling method

The sample of 60 students is taken randomly from the entire population, with equal gender distribution (i.e. 30 girls and 30 boys). Sex Male Female Total Sample Size 30 30 60

1.6.4 Data collection method

Questionnaire is the major tool used in survey research. Here the questionnaire refers to the formal lists of questions designed to gather from respondents on a given topic. The delivery and collection questionnaire mechanism is used in which the researcher personally distributes the questionnaires to the respondents and collects them after sometimes.

1.6.5 Data analysis and presentation

Questionnaires are the raw information which should be simplified using various methods. The easiest way to understand the data is by examining it in charts, graphs, and tables. The process of editing, coding, classification and tabulation are involved in it. Also to know the significance of the objective statistics, the analysis of difference is used.

CHAPTER II

LITERATURE REVIEW

There are millions of users of mobile phone. So different researchers have done study based on mobile phone. There are many reports published from the side of mobile companies, users, different agencies, students etc. The review and extract of related studies are compiled in brief under this section.

Mobile learning can be defined as "... any service or facility that supplies a learner with general electronic information and educational content that aids in acquisition of knowledge regardless of location and time ..." (Lehner & Nosekabel, 2002).

Mr. Zoe Laughlin (April 2001) has done study on Mobile Phone Users: A Small-Scale Observational Study with the aim of finding how one should use and respond to the mobile telephone. His finding was that some people make the mobile telephone integral to the workings of their lives, whilst others look upon it as a tool for communication whether this is on a day-to-day level, or for emergencies only. Also he ascertains the picture about their personal habits of mobile phone communication. According to Laughlin in his own words I myself do not own a mobile telephone. This is because I do not feel the need or the desire, but this makes me a rare breed among University students. The day will come though -if it has not already- when I will be out of touch with a major the way in which my contemporaries communicate. On a British Medical Journal(BMG) of June 22, 2006 an article on published on the title Don't Use Mobile Phone During Storms, Warn Doctors, it was They describe the case of a 15 year old girl who was witnessed being struck by lightning while using her mobile phone in a large park in London during stormy weather. She was successfully resuscitated, but one year later she suffered complex physical, cognitive, and emotional problems. If someone is struck by lightning, the high resistance of human skin results in lightning being conducted over the skin without entering the body, explain the authors. This is known as flashover and has a low death rate. Conductive materials such as liquids or metallic objects disrupt the flashover and result in internal injury with greater death rates. On March 3rd, 2003, the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) proposed new guidelines for evaluating cancer risks to children, on the grounds that children may be 10 times more vulnerable than adults to cancer risks from exposure to a wide range of chemicals. In other words Children may be far more vulnerable to health effects from exposure to mobile phone microwave radiation than adults.

Sadie Plants (2002) research for Motorola, On the Mobile, is the most interesting of the three studies under consideration here and it is more properly sociological in a theoretical sense than the others.. Her research for Motorola is an international comparative study with data from Tokyo, Beijing, Hong Kong, Bangkok, Peshawar, Dubai, London, Birmingham and Chicago. Plant conducted face-to-face interviews with individuals and groups. She also interviewed people by email. And, like a good social anthropologist, Plant observed behavior with the mobile phone in public places. She produces a fairly rich cultural analysis of mobile phone use. The most conspicuous use of the mobile phone is in Tokyo. Mobile use is largely confined to the elite in Peshawar. Mobiles are most used in Nordic countries. And, there is a very high rate of use among the young in Britain. Plant (2002) is observant of the rituals of use in public places. Being on the mobile in public is itself a ritual act.

CHAPTER III
PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

In this chapter the collected data is analyzed and the opinion of students regarding the use of mobile phone inside college premises is elaborated with the help of graphs, tables etc. 3.1 Attraction towards use of mobile phone There is high attraction towards mobile phone. For the purpose to be in regular touch, seemed to be the dominating reason to use the mobile phone. Students talk on various subject matters. Fig 3.1: Objectives of using mobile phone

The observation of above figure indicates that majority of students matter of talk are personal and study where as least number of students talk only about the study matters. The bar diagram shows most of the students generally talk about both the personal matter and study matter i.e. 41% of

students use mobile phone to talk about the personal as well as study matters. Besides that 30% of students say that there is nothing specific the talk on mobile phone which holds second highest position on the table. Similarly 18.34% of students are involved in personal talks only and finally 10% of students are involved on course study talks only which indicate the lowest portion on the table. Thus the diagram indicates that most of the students are involved in personal as well as study talks.

3.2 Services used by the students

Fig.3.2: Students preferences to service providers

The pie chart above portrays that major portion is covered by the NTC service which reflects that the majority of students are using service provided by NTC. 60% of students are using the service of Nepal Telecom whereas only 40% of students are using Mero Mobile service. This result clarifies the majority of students are using the service of NTC.

3.3 Mobile brands used by the students

Fig.3.3: Students preference on mobile sets

The pie-chart above clearly shows that the major portion is shaded by the users of nokia brand whicgh signifies that majority of studens use nokia brand of mobile phone. Next to it the other popular brand is Motorola brand which covers second larger portion in the pie-chart. The most popular brand among the students is Nokia brand i.e. 58.33% of students use Nokia brand. Similarly 20 % of students use Motorola brand and Samsung brand is used by 8.33% of students. Despite the 13.33% of students use other brands like Sony-Erecsion, LG etc.

3.4 Sources of mobile expenditure

Fig.3.4: Ways to manage mobile expenditure

The pie chart above shows that majority of students i.e. 66.6% manage it from their pocket money which means they donot directly ask for the mobile ependiture. Similarly, 25% of students directly ask from their parents but 8.3% of students tend to earn themselves and manage the mobile expenditure.

CHAPTER IV
Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations

A. Findings of the study

From the survey done as well as analyzing the data that has been represented through tables, graphs, pie-charts etc the study discloses following findings. After the questionnaire was collected from the students as they have filled it I found that students generally spend most of the time talking with their friends. About 80% of their talks with were their friends and remaining they talked with their family members, relatives etc. About matter of talks, also shown on table and graph I found that most of the students i.e. 41% of students tend to talk about study matters and personal affairs both. Also there are significant numbers of students who believe that their matters of talk are not specific i.e. 30% believe in so. 45% of students believe that the use of mobile phone has negatively affected the teaching as well as learning environment, whereas 55% of students believe that there hasnt been any negative effect in teaching and learning environment due to use of mobile phone. Also among those 45% most of of them have accepted that the use of mobile phone has distracted the concentration during study and few have complained that teachers often go out of class to receive phone which wastes time too. Within the questionnaire one of the question was asked in a way to rank the level of importance for the purpose to use mobile phone ranking from 1 to 5 where 1 was given for the most important purpose and 5 was given for the least important purpose and the finding was, the most important purpose to use mobile phone was to remain in regular contact. Next to it the purpose was because friends are using it, thirdly the purpose was to perform

official/business work; fourthly the purpose to maintain status and finally the least important purpose to use mobile phone was fashion. 44% of students believe that the average time they talk on mobile phone in a call was 3-5 minutes. Similarly 35% of students believe that the average time they speak on mobile phone in a call was above 5 minutes and remaining 21% of students average time of talk in a call is 1-3 minutes. The ratio of incoming and outgoing call on mobile phone is 70:30, which says that 70% of the calls are incoming call and 30% of the calls are outgoing. On an average in a day and within the class hour students receive listen mobile rings for 8 times. Most of the students preferred Nokia brand of mobile phone i.e. 58.33% of students favor this brand, similarly 20% of students use Motorola brands mobile phone .8.3% of students use Samsung brands mobile phone and remaining 13.3% of students use other brands mobile phone like LG, Sony Erecsion, Chinese etc. About the service being used 60% of students used NTCs service whereas 40% of students used Mero Mobiles service. On my survey I found several reasons of the use of NTC and Mero Mobile services.

Reasons for the use of Mero Mobile Service The Sim card of Mero mobile is easily available at any time. The price to get Sim card of Mero Mobile is cheaper as compared to NTC. The Mero mobile servives constitutes of one 20 minutes free call for every ten days. There is facility of five free sms too for every ten days. One can easily get internet facility with vey cheap price but the condition is that mobile phone should support the internet access.

Reasons for the use of NTC service The per minute call is cheap using NTC service as compared to Mero service. People perceive the use of NTC service standard because the Sim card is not easily available.

Out of the total expenses students spend 20% of expenses as mobile expenses. In order to manage the mobile expenditure 66.6% of students manage it from pocket money whereas 25% of students ask money from the parents separately for mobile expenditure and 8.3% earn themselves.

B. Conclusions

From the analysis of data and findings of the study various conclusions can be drawn out. One of the achievements of the research is that most of the students realized the need of information technology in todays world. The opinion of students was that if not misused its good idea to be updated and be near with information technology so having mobile phone is not bad within itself but it depends on how you use it. As my topic of research was entirely related to the use of mobile phone inside college premises It was found that students were positive towards the use but the condition was it should not hamper the academic environment. Similarly students accepted that using mobile phone is growing up like a fashion but they focused more that for them the mobile phone is basically to be in regular contacts with the friends as well as family members and relatives. Due to advancement in mobile phones day by day for those who cannot afford and cope with it has created a problem and sense of hesitation. The level of expense has also risen up since they have started using mobile phone. Thus the proper use of mobile phone for the genuine purpose is not a bad idea.

C.

Recommendation

The research is entirely for academic purpose but has really stated the real scenario and things to be analyzed properly so that corrective actions can be undertaken where necessary. I strongly recommend all the students, teachers and other stakeholder to make a proper use of mobile phone for a better purpose. Also the academic environment of the college should not be disturbed by the use of mobile phone.

The use of mobile phone should not hamper the core culture of college. The use of phone should be banned during examination hour which means it should be switched off because many of the cheating cases are through mobile phone. During class hours students and teachers should not be allowed to use the mobile phone. Finally I would strongly like to recommend to all the students as well as teachers to make proper use of mobile phone.

Bibliography

Wolf, H.K. Pant, Writing. Distributor Pvt. Ltd.

P.R.

(2002).

Social Science Research and Thesis Katmandu: Buddha Academic Publishers and

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