Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems

A. Camargo, A. Czylwik Department of Communication Systems University Duisburg-Essen

UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.1

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Introduction
Adaptation in OFDM:
Bit-loading for improving the uncoded bit-error-ratio (BER). Physical mode (PHY prediction. data rate) selection by packet-error-ratio (PER)

Adaptation in MIMO:
MIMO algorithms for achieving diversity or higher data rate. Adaptation to the propagation scenario.

Adaptive MIMO OFDM systems:

PHY-selection per data stream (Per-antenna rate control - PARC). Select the MIMO algorithm with the highest data rate.

UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.2

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

System model
Physical layer:
MIMO extension of IEEE 802.11a. MTx = MRx = M. R data streams, with 1 R M. Independent coding and interleaving per antenna. Bits per subcarrier:

MIMO techniques:
SM by VBLAST with equal power loading per antenna.

bk = 0, 1, 2, 4, 6.

Diversity by a rate-one SFC with constellation rotation, suitable for OFDM.

UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.3

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Link performance analysis (1/2)

Signal model in the k-th subcarrier and r-th spatial stream:
After the MIMO receiver with perfect CSI, the r-th stream is described by:

AWGN MIMO processing gain. VBLAST (r 1) SFC (r = 1)

Obtained from the rows of successive pseudo-inversions of the channel matrix.

UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.4

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Link performance analysis (2/2)

Link performance in frequency-selective channels:
SNRk,r in each stream and subcarrier:

Mapping function to calculate the AWGN-equivalent SNR (e.g., EESM):

Predict if a PHY mode has a better PER than a threshold PERth in the stream r.
UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.5

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Adaptive MIMO technique

Per-antenna rate control (PARC):
Select the PHY mode in the r-th stream with highest rate under the PERth condition. Repeat for all streams of the MIMO scheme.

Adaptive MIMO technique:

Select the MIMO scheme with highest rate. Low Es/N0 gain in diversity (reliability).

High Es/N0 gain in multiplexing (rate). Rate of SM increases M times faster than SFC.

UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.6

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Adaptive MIMO: fixed modulation vs. bit-loading

4x4 Adaptive MIMO:

Bit-loading gains:
Low Es/N0 Large Es/N0 SFC dominates. Small bit-loading gains. SM dominates. Large bit-loading gains. Rate increase by bit-loading: up to 30%.
UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.7

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Further investigations
Bit-loaded, adaptive MIMO OFDM:
Tradeoff analysis of performance gains vs. signalization overhead. Multiple access scheduling (OFDMA), resource scheduling, ARQ. Interference: Synchronization. Co-channel interference. Multiple-access interference.

Theoretical validations with a real-time demonstrator

UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.8

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Real-time MIMO demonstrator (1/2)

Transceiver architecture:

Carrier and sampling frequency IF to avoid I-Q imbalance. with common oscillators.

UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.9

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Real-time MIMO demonstrator (2/2)

Other features:
Precise oscillators to avoid carrier or sampling frequency offsets. Precise frequency reference for all oscillators to avoid phase noise. Very linear PA and LNA to avoid intermodulations. Analog fine-tuning (back-off, input/output power levels). Bit-optimized digital signal processing blocks.

Received signal quality over air: EVM = -27 dB. Mentioned algorithms can be readily tested. More complex algorithms based on reciprocity will require calibration.
UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.10

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS

Thanks.

UNIVERSITT

Adaptive MIMO OFDM Systems p.11

DUISBURG ESSEN

Department of Communication Systems

N TS