Quicklook Report CleverTexting

DST1078CleverTexting
DST1078CLEVERTEXTING
AbhijitBhattacharjee,LunaErgonomicsPvtLtd
DSTLockheedMartin IndiaInnovationGrowthProgram
TechnologyCommercializationReport
REPORTPREPAREDBYVICKILEONARDO
TheIC2Institute20052010
Contents
ExecutiveSummary ................................................................................................................... 3 KeyFindings............................................................................................................................... 5 Recommendations/NextSteps................................................................................................ 6 TechnologyDescription............................................................................................................. 8 PotentialBenefits ...................................................................................................................... 9 DevelopmentStatus ................................................................................................................10 IntellectualPropertyStatus.....................................................................................................11 MarketAnalysis ....................................................................................................................... 11 Appendix1:TechnologyDescription.......................................................................................15 Appendix2DevelopmentStatus...........................................................................................17 Appendix3StatusoftheIntellectualProperty .....................................................................18 Appendix4PotentialBenefits...............................................................................................20 Appendix5Interviews ...........................................................................................................22 Appendix6MarketBaselineReports ....................................................................................43 Appendix7FollowupContactList........................................................................................48 Appendix8AdditionalArtifacts............................................................................................49 Appendix9ReportContributors ..........................................................................................67
ExecutiveSummary
ThetechnologywhichisthesubjectofthisreportiscalledCleverTexting.Thisisa softwareapplicationthatmakesiteasierforpeopletoentertextmessagesintoelectronic deviceslikecellphones.Textmessagingwithcellphoneshasbecomepopulararoundthe worldbecauseitoffersavarietyofbenefitsovertalkingonthephone.Someofthese includelowercost,portability,discretecommunication,timesavingsandcontrolover communicationwithothers.1CleverTextingpresentlysupports20languages.The innovatorsoverarchingobjectiveistomaketextentryintoallmannerofdigitaldevices easierinanylanguage. Inparticular,thissoftwareaddressesenteringtextintotraditionalcellphoneswithonlya numerickeypad.Whatthistechnologydoesis: Predictwhichcharactersusersneedtoenterastheycomposeamessage Improvetheergonomicsofphysicallyenteringdata Transliterate2textmessagesintootherlanguages CLEVERTEXTING CleverTextingisanapplicationofa statisticalpredictivetextingalgorithm developedbyLunaErgonomics.This technologylooksatthestatistical probabilitiesofhowpeopleuse languageandpredictswhatcharacters theywillneedtoenternextasthey composeamessage.Theapplication predictswhichcharactersareneeded nextbasedonwhathasbeenentered sofarandhowthelanguageworks. Characterswiththehighestprobability ofbeingwhattheuserwantstoenter nextarepresentedonthescreen. Thesecharactersaremappedtothe standardtelephonekeypadusedon traditionalcellphones.Toenteracharacter,theuserpressesthekeythatcorrespondsto themaponthescreen. Unlikeothermethods,CleverTextingdoesnotpermanentlyassigncharacterstospecific keys.Instead,thesystemmapscharacterstothekeypadinergonomicallyconvenient positions.Userssimplypressthekeythatcorrespondstothecharactertheywanttotype.
1 2
http://socyberty.com/society/fivebenefitsoftextmessaginginmodernsociety/ SeetheTechnologyDescriptionsectionforadescriptionoftransliteration.

DST1078CleverTexting CleverTextingdoesnotuseaninstalleddictionarysystemlikecurrentsolutions.Insteadit reliesonthestatisticalpredictionofthenextcharacterneeded.Withoutadictionary,this solutionrequireslessmemory.LunaErgonomicsbundled11Indianlanguagesintoa producttargetingthismarketcalledthePaniniKeypad. TodayCleverTextingisinstalledasanaftermarketproductattheapplicationsoftwarelayer ofthephone.Onlythetextmessagingapplicationcanuseit.Ifitisinstalledatthe operatingsystemlayer,otherapplicationswouldhaveaccesstothesoftware. CleverTextingiseasiertousethancurrentsolutions.Enteringtextwithanumerickeypadis acomplexprocessforanylanguage,particularlythosewithlargealphabetsorcomplex charactersets.Solutionsforenteringdataincomputersystemsindifferentlanguageshave beendeveloped,oftenrequiringuserstoadoptalternativemethodsthanthenatural writtenmethod.Manylanguagesuseaphoneticapproximationoftheirlanguage,limitthe charactersetavailable,oremploycomplexkeypresssequencestocalluptheright character.WithCleverTexting,thenextcharacterauserneedsisbroughttothem. AnIndianpatentwasappliedfor13December2008.ThetitleoftheapplicationisSystems andMethodsofTextInputforTouchTypableDevices.APCTapplicationwasfiled11 December2009.ThemajorclaimsareinAppendix3. ThisanalysisconcludesthatCleverTextingcanmaketextentryaloteasierwitha12button numerickeypadthancurrentmethodsinanylanguage.Therecommendationofthisreport isthatthesubjecttechnologyshouldbefurthercommercialized.
KeyFindings
Thefollowingisasummaryofthekeyfindingsofthisreport,andisbaseduponinterviews, analysisofpotentialmarketsandotherresearch. Thetechnologyiscompleteandworkswellnow.Initialresponsefromcustomers hasbeenverypositive.Thereisnoindependentverificationoftheaccuracyofthe predictivealgorithms. Themarketneedrightnowisgood,buthasevenmoresignificantpotentialinthe future. IPprotectionwillbecriticaltothesuccessofthisventureasthecosttoduplicate thetechnologyisverylow. TraditionalcellphonesrepresentalargemarketandopportunityforCleverTexting. Theselowendphonesoffertextmessagingandmanyotherapplicationsthat requiretextentry. Dataapplicationsbringnewrevenuegeneratingopportunitiestotheindustry.The marketfocusisshiftingtoapplicationsoftwarethatcantakeadvantageofthedirect connectiontoindividualconsumers. Smartphonesarechangingthemanufacturingfocusoftheindustrytosupport applicationsoftware.Insteadofarangeoflow,midandhightierproducts,the industryismovingtojusttwotiers,lowandhighenddevices. Competitionattheoperatingsystemlevelishigh;dominantoperatingsystems standtogainaportionoftherevenuegeneratedbyapplicationsoftware. CleverTextingiscurrentlyinstalledasanaftermarketproductinphonesatthe applicationlayer.Thismakesitonlyavailabletothetextmessagingapplication. Otherapplicationsmuststilluseexistingtextentrysoftware. CleverTextingisonlyavailableforJavabasedNokiaphonesonGSMsystems.Work wouldneedtobedonetopreparetheapplicationforotherphoneplatforms.
Recommendations/NextSteps
Therecommendationofthisreportisthatthesubjecttechnologyshouldbefurther commercialized.Thefirstobjectiveistohavethetechnologyinstalledbythephone manufacturerattheapplicationlayer,thewayitworkstoday.Nokiaisalreadyshowingan interestinadoptingthetechnology.Thenextstepistoembedthetechnologyintothe operatingsystem.Onceitisintheoperatingsystem,otherapplicationswillbeabletouse CleverTexting.Adoptionontraditionalcellphoneswillleadtoadoptioninmoreadvanced devices. Thefirststepistohavethetechnologyinstalledbythephonemanufactureratthe applicationlayer,thesamewayitworkstoday,forphonesshippedintotheIndiamarket. Thiswouldenablebroaddistributionoftheproductintheregionandbuildcredibilityfor distributiontoothermarkets. Thenextstepistoworkwithhandsetmanufacturersandoperatingsystemcompaniesto embedthetechnologyintotheoperatingsystemsfordevices.ThiswouldmakeClever Textingavailabletootherapplicationsinthephone.EmbeddingCleverTextingherewould increaseawarenessofthetechnologyandraisethelikelihooditwouldbeadoptedforthe moreprofitablesmartphonemarket. Substantialinteresthasbeengeneratedwithkeypotentialpartners.(SeeMarketAnalysis, KeyOpportunitiessection.)Eachoftheseopportunitiesrepresentsawayfortheinnovator toachievetheirobjectiveofmakingtextentryeasierforpeopletouseinanylanguage.
CommercializationStrategy
TherecommendedcommercializationstrategyfortheCleverTextingistofirstworkwith manufacturerstoinstallthesoftwareatthefactoryforshipmentstotheIndianmarket. Oncethesoftwarebuildscredibility,thecompanyshouldpursuelicensingthetechnology intocellphoneoperatingsystems. LunaErgonomicshasstartedtomakeinroadswithkeycompaniesintheindustry.(See MarketAnalysis,KeyOpportunitiessection.)Thecompanyshouldconsiderapproaching Micromax,anIndianhandsetmanufacturerwhoisvyingtobethenumbertwohandset providerinIndiaagainstSamsung. Competitortextentrysoftwareproductsrelyonpredictivetextanddictionaries.Since CleverTextingdoesnotworkthesameway,LunaErgonomicsneedstoplanhowtheywill defendagainstdictionarybasedsystemintheirmarketingmessages.Demonstratinghow CleverTextingissuperiortodictionarybasedsystemscanhelpsupportthissolutionwith manufacturers.

NextSteps
ActionItem 1. WorkwithNokiato haveCleverTexting and/orthePanini Keypadinstalledat thefactoryfor traditionalcellphones shippedintotheIndia market 2. WorkwithNokiato getCleverTexting embeddedintothe operatingsystemsfor traditionalcellphones 3. WorkwithMicrosoft andInteltogetClever TextingintoIndianPC market 4. Researchtheneedfor transliterationand translationcapabilities 5. Developaproduct roadmapforadding capabilitiestomeet competitivesolutions 6. Writeadetailed businessplan Description Timeframe Benefit Thetechnologyalready Next1to2 Broaddeploymentin months worksonNokiaphones newshipments; andthecompanyis reduceaftermarket interestedinthe implementation. technology. Buildbroad Discussionscurrently credibilityontopof goingon. initialsuccess. ImplementanOS vendornegotiation strategy Next1to2 months MakeCleverTexting availabletoother applications;setsup deployment possibilitiesoutside India IncreasePC penetrationin underservedmarkets Expandtheappealof CleverTexting Demonstratea progressiontomeet competitorproducts Clearvisionand guidancemoving forward Empiricaldatato supportwhythis technologyis superior
DriveadoptionofPC productsintotheIndia market Potentialcompetitive advantageforbusiness communications Includearoadmapfor productenhancements andOSvendortarget strategies Definethecoststofully developtheproductfor targetoperating systems Conductedbya usabilitytestingexpert ineachlanguage targetedinthebusiness plan
Next1to2 months
Next3 months Next3 months
Next6 months
7. Conductaseriesof comprehensive usabilitytestsforall languagessupported
Next6 months
TechnologyDescription
CORETECHNOLOGYANDAPPLICATIONFORTRADITIONALCELLPHONES
ThissoftwaretechnologyhasbeendevelopedbyLunaErgonomicsinNoida,India.The initialapplicationofthissoftwaretechnology,calledCleverTexting,presentsasoftware basedmethodforenteringtextmessagesintocellphonesequippedwithanumerickeypad. TheinitialimplementationisdesignedtoworkonJavabasedphonesontheNokiaplatform thatoperateonGSMnetworks.3. ThemaindifferencesbetweenCleverTextingandotherpredictivetextentrymethodsare: CleverTextingpredictsthenextcharacterauserwantstoenterbasedonthe probabilitiesassociatedwithhowthelanguagetheyarewritinginworks. o Existingsolutionspredictthewordtheuseristryingtotypebasedona dictionaryinmemory. CleverTextingpresentsthecharacterswiththehighestprobabilityofbeingwhatthe userwantsnextandmapsthemfromthescreentothekeypadinthemost convenientlocation. o Existingsolutionsrelyoncharactersbeingassignedtospecifickeysonthe device. CleverTextingcantransliteratetextfromoneIndianlanguagetoanother o Existingsolutionsdonotoffertransliterationcapabilities WhatisdifferentaboutCleverTextingisthatitdecouplesthecharactersfromthekeypad. WithCleverTexting,theuserdoesnothavetorememberwhichcharactersareassignedtoa specifickey.Instead,CleverTextingassignscharacterstokeysbasedontheprobabilitythat aspecificcharacteristhenextonetheuserneeds. SeeAppendix8TechnicalDescriptionDetailforacompletedescriptionandadditional technicaldetails.
GSMstandsforGlobalSystemforMobileCommunications,theleadingdigitalcellularstandardsin theworld.GSMisthedominantsignalingschemeinIndiawith79%ofsubscribersinthecountryona GSMsystem.NokiaisthedominantsuppliertotheGSMmarketwith56.8%ofunitshipments(57.3 millionperyear).

PotentialBenefits
Thechiefproblemthistechnologyisdesignedtosolveistoreducethecomplexityof enteringtextmessagesondeviceswithlimited4keypads,particularlythosewithlarge alphabetsorcharactersets.Insteadofmakingtheuserhuntfortherightkeyorseriesor keystrokes,CleverTextingbringsthemostlikelyneededcharacterstotheuser.The potentialbenefitsoftheuseofCleverTextinginclude: Makingitfasterandeasiertoentertextmessages Makingtextmessagingattractivetomoresubscribers Increasevalueaddedservicerevenueforsystemoperators Increasedemandforhandsetsthatsupporttheapplication Asecondproblemthistechnologyaimstosolveisamoreergonomicsolutiontoentering textmessages.Manypeoplefinditphysicallyuncomfortabletoentertextmessages,which areprimarilyenteredontraditionalmobilephoneswiththethumbwhileholdingthedevice. Someusershavereportedinjuriessuchascarpaltunnelsyndromeasaresultofsignificant useoftextentryfeatures.CleverTextingbringsthemostlikelyneededcharacterstothe user,andthenputstheminaconvenientlocation.Thepotentialbenefitsoftheuseof CleverTextinginclude: Themostlikelycharactersareplacedeitherinthebestergonomicpositionforthe thumborclosesttothelastcharacterentered,dependingonwhichmethodthe userfindsmostcomfortable. Alegacymodeisalsoavailablethatmapsthemostprobablenextcharactersneeded tothesamekeysaretraditionalsystems,butpresentsthemonthescreen.Acolor codingsystemhelpsusersidentifywhencharactersareplacedinanonstandard position. Sincecharactersaredisplayedonthescreen,thereislessneedtomovethethumb awayfromthekeypadtoreadwhatisprintedonthekeys. Athirdproblemthistechnologyaimstosolveistransliterationbetweenlanguages.The PaniniKeypadsolutionbundles11Indianlanguages,andenablesuserstosendinone languagewhilethereceivercanviewthemessageintheirpreferredlanguage. Transliterationisnotthesameastranslation.Transliterationtranslatesindividualwords, whiletranslationtranslatesmeaning.5Thepotentialbenefitsoftheuseoftransliterationin CleverTextinginclude: Fosteringtradebetweendifferentregions Enhancingcommunicationbetweendisparategroups
Alimitedkeypadrefersprimarilytothenumerickeypadsusedoncellphones.Thesetypicallyare standard12buttontelephonekeypads.Mostphonesalsoofferseveraladditionalcontrolsseparate fromthenumerickeypad.Anykeypadorkeyboardthatdoesnotofferadedicatedkeyforevery characterrequiredcouldbecalledlimited. 5 Translationcouldbedevelopedbyleveragingwebbasedtranslationserviceswidelyavailableonthe Internet.Translationcapabilityisnotpartofthecurrentsolution.

DST1078CleverTexting Quicklydistributingimportantnews Anotherfourthbenefitofthistechnologyisareductioninthemechanicaldesignandcostof somephones.Manymanufacturerspaintormoldthecharactersassignedtoeachkeyon thenumerickeypadrightonthebuttonorthesurroundingdevicebody.Thisisproblematic formanylanguages. Justastherearenotenoughkeysforeverycharacter,thereisnotenoughroomon thekeysorthebodyofthedevicetowriteallthecharactersassignedtoanyone key. Manytextentrysystemsassignmultiplecharacterstoeachkey.Usershaveto rememberwhatcharactersareassignedtoeachkeyorcarrydocumentationrecall howtoentereachcharacter. Manufacturershavetoproducedifferenthardwaremodelsforeachmarket.
DevelopmentStatus
Thissectionbrieflysummarizesthedevelopmentstatusofthetechnologywhichismore fullydescribedinAppendix2.CleverTextinghasbeendevelopedintoanapplicationfortext messagingonmobilephonesandiscurrentlyavailableasacommercialproduct.Itis currentlybeingdistributedoverthewebforGSM;JavabasedphonesontheNokiaplatform. Userscandownloadanyofthelanguagesolutionsavailabletodayfromseveraldownload sitesontheInternettotheircomputersandcopiedintothephonesmemoryviatheSIM card. ThePaniniKeypadproduct,whichbundles11IndianlanguagewithEnglish,targetingthe Indiamarket,isalsoavailablefordownloadontheweb.Thisbundledgroupoffers transliterationcapabilitybetweenIndianlanguages.Indianlanguagemessagescanalsobe transliteratedintoEnglish.EnglishcannotbetransliteratedintoanyoftheIndianlanguages atthistime. CleverTextingandthePaniniKeypadareavailablefromseveraldownloadsites.Usersare abletodownloadtheproductforafreetrial.Afteratrialperiod,usersareaskedtoregister withascratchoffcardtheycanobtainatlocalretailers.Theinnovatorestimatescurrent downloadsatsomewherebetween500and1500perday.Approximately500downloads occurperdayforIndianproducts,300perdayoftheArabicproductandanother300per dayforalltheotherlanguagesputtogether.6
DownloadsitesincludePaniniKeypad.com,CleverTexting.comandhttp://www.getjar.com/mobile allapplicationsfornokia5130xpressmusic/clevertexting/?o=bestmatchalongwithothers.

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IntellectualPropertyStatus
AnIndianpatentwasappliedfor13December2008.ThetitleoftheapplicationisSystem andmethodsfortextinputfortouchtypabledevices.APCTapplicationwasfiled11 December2009.ThemajorclaimsareinAppendix3.AUSpatentapplicationshouldalso befiled. Title:SystemsandMethodsofTextInputforTouchTypableDevices PatentApplicationNumber ApplicationDate IndianPatentApplicationNo.2873/DEL/2008 13December2008 PCTApplicationNo.PCT/IN2009/000715 11December2009 Althoughmanypatentsexistforpredictivetext,theredonotappeartobecompetitorsin thisspacethatusetheexactsamemethod.SeethelistatthebottomofAppendix3. Patentprotectionwillbecriticalasthistechnologywouldnotbehardtoduplicate.Target marketcountriesarenotoriouslyindifferenttointellectualpropertyprotection,soitmaybe hardtoprotect.Determiningsimilarityorpotentialinfringementisbeyondthescopeofthe QuicklookandshouldbedeterminedbyIPprofessionals.
MarketAnalysis
Forthisreport,theoverallcellphonemarketwasstudiedwithparticularemphasisonthe Indiamarket.AdditionaldetailcanbefoundinAppendix8.
CELLPHONEMARKET
Cellphonemanufacturersshipped1.13billionunitsin2009,down5.2%from1.19billion unitsshippedin2008.Chinaisexpectedtoreach240millionunitsin2009,representingan 8.4percentannualgrowthrate.100.9millionCellphoneswereshippedinIndiafortheyear endedJune2009. Traditionalcellphonesaccountedfor85%oftheworldwidecellphonemarketin2009.For India,cellphonepenetrationisapproximately40%.GartnerexpectstheIndianmobile subscriberbasetoreach771millionby2013.7Marginsfortraditionalcellphonesarevery thin,andusersarelookingforexpandedfunctionalitylikesmartphones.
7
http://www.shanzai.com/index.php/marketmayhem/shanzhaibusiness/548leadingsmartphone brandsinindia

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DST1078CleverTexting Smartphoneswillincludesuccessfulapplicationsfromtraditionalcellphones.Whilethe overallmarketwasdown5.2%,highermarginsmartphonesareexperiencingdoubledigit growth.In2Q09,smartphoneshipmentsincreasedby27%.8By2013,worldwide smartphoneshipmentsareexpectedtosurpass390millionunits.Smartphonesshipments areprojectedtoshowacompoundannualgrowthrate(CAGR)of20.9%from2009to2013.9
TEXTMESSAGING
Worldwide,thenumberoftextmessagessentreportedlyrose19.6%from1.9trillionin 2007to2.3trillionin2008.10InChina,700billiontextmessagesweresentin2007;354 billionwerespammessages,whichisagrowingproblem.11Forecastsfortextmessaging volumeinIndiaaloneby2013are191.6billion.12 2009estimatesforAsiaPacandJapanputthenumberoftextmessagessentintheregionat 1.9trillion,matchingthe2007worldwidevolume.2010forecastsforthisregiontop2.1 trillion.13 Formanyusersintheworld,thecellphonehasbecometheprimarycommunicationdevice. LowerPCpenetrationandinexpensivewirelesscommunicationservicehasledtodifferent communicationprofilesinmarketsoutsidetheUS.
MANUFACTURERSSERVINGINDIA
NokiaisthedominantsuppliertotheIndiamarketwitha56.8%shareofunit shipments.(57.3millionperyear) Samsungisadistantsecondwith7.7%share.(7.8millionperyear) LGrankedthirdwith5.4%.(5.4millionperyear) o 63%ofGSMsubscribersuseaNokiaphone,accountingfor233.5million users.14 ManynewhandsetmakersareenteringthemarketinIndia: Thegrowthofmobilehandsetmarketcanbegaugedfromthefactthat27new handsetvendorsenteredIndiajustin1quarter.Indiaalsowitnessedthelaunchof
8
http://www.shanzai.com/index.php/marketmayhem/shanzhaibusiness/548leadingsmartphone brandsinindia
9
http://voicendata.ciol.com/content/news/110012901.asp
10 11
http://www.gartner.com/it/page.jsp?id=565124 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Text_messaging#cite_ref21 12 http://www.cbronline.com/news/mobile_messaging_to_surpass_21_trillion_in_2010_says_gartner _091126 13 http://blog.converget.com/2009/12/01/mobilemessagestosurpass21trillionmessagesin asiapacificin2010/ 14 http://www.pluggd.in/indiamobilephonemarketresearchnokiadominatesgsmmarketlgleads cdma297/

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DST1078CleverTexting highendphonesaswellasentrylevelphonesandIndianmobileusersbought nearly700,000highend/smartphonesintheAprilJunequarter(2009).15 NewcomerMicromaxischallengingSamsungforsecondplaceinIndia.The companyshippedabout1millionhandsetsinJanuary2010.16
SUBSCRIBERSININDIA
ThecellphonemarketinIndiaisthesecondlargestintheworld,behindonlyChina.With 471.7millionsubscribers(asof30September2009),theteledensityforwirelessin40.31. Wirelinesubscriberstotaledonly37.3million,withateledensityofjust3.19. Indiaismainlyaprepaidmarket(93%ofallsubscribersareonaprepaidplan). GSMisthedominantsignalingschemeinIndiawith79%ofsubscribersinthe countryonaGSMsystem.17 Atyearend(September2009)urbanmarketsaccountedfor70%ofwireless subscribers(330million)inIndia;ruralmarketsaccountedfor30%ofwireless subscribers(142million).Attheendof2008(September),ruralmarketsaccounted foronly25%ofsubscribers.18 SixtysixmillionpeopleaccesstheInternetviatheirhandsets,accordingtothe TelecomRegulatoryAuthorityofIndia.19
KEYOPPORTUNITIES
SeveralcompanieshaveindicatedinterestinlicensingCleverTextingfromLunaErgonomics orworkingwiththecompanytodeploythetechnology.Asummaryofthepotential customerscurrentlytalkingwithLunaErgonomicsisshownbelow. Nokiametwiththeinnovatorandisevaluatingtheapplication.CleverTextingalready wonanawardinaNokiasponsoredinnovatorcontest.Theirpartner,Digia,conducted ausabilitystudyfortheLunaErgonomicssolution. SamsungisinterestedinhostingCleverTextingintheirappsstoreforusersto download.TheapplicationwouldhavetobedevelopedfortheSamsungplatform. QualcommwouldlikeLunaErgonomicstodevelopCleverTextingfortheBREW platformtosupportCDMA.QualcomminvitedLunaErgonomicstoattenddeveloper trainingatnochargetolearnhowtowriteapplicationsinBREW20forCDMA21phones.
http://www.pluggd.in/mobilehandsetmarketsalesinindia297/ BusinessWeekArticle"MicromaxchallengesSamsung..." 17 TelecomRegulatoryAuthorityofIndia,TheIndianTelecomServicesPerformanceIndicators,July September2009 18 TelecomRegulatoryAuthorityofIndia,TheIndianTelecomServicesPerformanceIndicators,July September2009 19 http://www.forbes.com/forbes/2008/0929/074.html 20 BREW(BinaryRuntimeEnvironmentforWireless)isanapplicationdevelopmentplatformcreated byQUALCOMM,originallyforCDMAmobilephones,butGSMisnowalsosupported. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BREW) 21 CDMA(CodeDivisionMultipleAccess)isacellulartechnologythatcompeteswithGSM.
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DST1078CleverTexting Microsoftistalkingwiththeinnovatoraboutlicensingthecoreengineofthetechnology tobuildusabilitiestotypeinIndianlanguagesforthePC.(Theircurrentcontactdoes notrepresenttheWindowsMobileortheIPTVdivisions.)22 IntelwantstouseCleverTextinginaproducttheyaredevelopingforruralusersinIndia tomakethePCmoreuserfriendlyforthemasses,alongwithregionallanguagesupport. Intelisaskingforthecodeinlibraryformatandtheintegrationmanual.Thisisnotyet availableforWindows.TheinnovatorisproposinganNDAfirstintheongoing,current dialog.
22
MicrosoftstrategyinIndiahttp://www.forbes.com/forbes/2008/0929/074.html

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Appendix1:TechnologyDescription
Thefollowinginformationwasobtainedfromtheinventor(s). 1.Whatisthenameofthe CleverTexting technology? Limitedkeypadusabilitytechnologytotype 2.Whatisthetechnology?(Example: convenientlyinalllanguagesoftheworldon device,vehicle,process,drug, digitaldevices. chemical,biological,material, software,algorithm,database, electroniccircuit? Allowspeopletotypeinalllanguagesofthe 3.Insimpleterms,whatisthe worldontheexistingphone,existingkeypadthat technologysprimarypurposefor isfaster,simplerandergonomic.(without beinginvented?(Whatspecific printedcharactersonkeypad) problemwastheinventorseekingto solve?) MobileHandsetManufacturers,otherlimited 4.Whoaretheusersthatthe keypaddevicemanufacturers.Telecomoperators technologywasinventedfor?(The asaVAS(valueaddedservice)application.Direct inventorsintendedtarget?) touserthroughonlineandretail. OtherapplicationslikePC,web,kiosksetc. EnterpriseandBusinessapplications. 5.Whois/aretheinventor(s)? AbhijitBhattacharjee LunaErgonomicsPvtLtd 6.Wherewasthetechnology ScienceandTechnologyEntrepreneursPark, invented? Noida,India Yes,worksonNokiaJavaenabledphones.For 7.Doesthetechnologyfitintoan existingproductorprocess,orcouldit Indiamarkets,requiresIndianfonts. bedevelopedintoastandalone product? 8.Whatdoesthecustomerhavetodo Handsetmanufacturersandotherscanembed thetechnologyforalicensefee. orbuyinordertousethis?(HOW Theendusercanalsouseitasastandalone MUCHMEMORYISREQUIRED?) application.Thememoryrequirementisaround 500Kb. Minimalswitchingcostsbecausedesignuses 9.Whataretheswitchingcosts existingformofphone. associatedwithfromcurrentlyused solutionstothis? Yes,existingsolutionslikeT9areinplaceand 10.Doalternativeorsubstitute functioning,butdonotadequatelysolvethe solutionsexistthatadequatelysolve problemfornonEnglishspeakers.Theyuse theproblemnotedinQuestion2 thembecausethatiswhatisavailable. above? 11.IftheanswertoQuestion10was PinyinforChineselanguage,multitapforother Yes,pleasedescribethealternativeor languageslikeArabic,Russianetc.

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DST1078CleverTexting substitutetechnologies. 12.Withoutrevealinganyconfidential information,istheresomethingspecial orbetteraboutthistechnologythan existingalternativeorsubstitute solutions? SingleKeypresstypingforuser Ergonomicconsiderationforthumb Seamlessacrossdictionaryandnondictionary words Supportanylanguagewithoutprintedkeypad. Lightweightbeingdictionaryless FasterandEasierthanprevioustechnologies Thistechnologyenablespeopletotypeinall languagesoftheworld,convenientlyandfaston allvarietiesondigitaldevices,startingwiththe mobilephone.Somethingtheycouldnotdo beforeinmostcases.
13.Writeaconciseparagraphthat describesthetechnologyintermsof whatitisandwhatitdoes,butnot howitdoesthis.(Donotincludeany proprietaryorconfidential information.)BeginwithThis technologyis
LinktoDemoSite PCbased,Englishdemoscreen:http://www.clevertexting.com/applet/ LinktoWhitePaper

http://www.CleverTexting.com/downloads/GSMA_Asia09_CleverTexting.pdf
LinkstoTechnologyDownloadSites http://clevertexting.com/Downloads.php http://www.paninikeypad.com/content/downloads.html

http://www.getjar.com/mobileallapplicationsfornokia 5130xpressmusic/clevertexting/?o=bestmatch
CleverTextingonYoutube.Com PRODUCTDEMOInnovatordemonstration,postedJune16,2009 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJgR2nKggEI ETNOWstartinguponetnowtelevisionsegmenttargetinginvestors,postedNovember4, 2009 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iig_pGgDdmY

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Appendix2DevelopmentStatus
Informationprovidedbytheinnovator. Dateprovided:2/17/2010 1.Isthereaprototype?Ifyes,please explain.
2.Ifno,isaprototypeimportantforthe markettosee? 3.Canonebeproduced? 4.Whencanonebeavailable? 5.Ifyes,towhatextentisitfunctional? 6.Isthereafinalizedproduct? 7.Whatstageindevelopmentisthe product? 8.Whatisneededtofinalizetheproduct?
PaniniKeypadandCleverTextingareboth availablefordownloadontheweb.Users withaPCdownloadtwofilesandtransfer themtotheSIMcardforaGSMphone. Downloadislimitedtimetrialware. Fullyfunctional,inusetoday Yes,forNokiaJavaphonesonly Developedfor20languagesnow(seetable inAppendix8).Needstobedevelopedfor otherphoneplatformsbesidesNokia. Skilledmanpowertodevelopforall platforms.Researchworkersforfresh ongoingwork.InhouseLinguists. Independenttestingrecommended. Independenttestingrecommended. 1500downloadsperdayfromourwebsite. Productsarecompletelyscalable. Inusetodayattheapplicationlayer. IntegrationattheOSlayerneedstobe evaluatedandtested. UserexperiencetestingcompletedbyDigia aspartoftheNokiaCallingAllInnovators UKprogram.Independenttesting recommended. Independenttestingrecommended. CleverTextingisinservicetoday. Innovatorclaims1500downloadsperday. Independentverificationrecommended. Independentresearchisrequiredto determinehowmanytrialdownloads resultinadoption.
9.Whencoulditbefinalized? 10.Towhatextenthasthetechnology beentested? 11.Forreliability?How?Whatwerethe results? 12.Forscalability?How?Towhatscale wasitsuccessful? 13.Forabilitytointegrateintothe imaginedproductorprocess?How?What weretheresults? 14.Forusabilitybyendusers?How?What weretheresults?
15.Foradoptabilitybyendusers?How? Whatweretheresults? 16.Aretherecustomersorunitscurrently inservice?Whoandwhere? 17.Whathasbeentheexperience?
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Appendix3StatusoftheIntellectualProperty
Informationprovidedbytheinnovator. Dateprovided:January/February2010 1.DiscussanyIPprotectionstrategies describedbytheinventor,andanythat areknowntobeavailabletothe inventor. (Patent,copyright,trademark,trade secret) 2.WhoownstheIP? 3.WhereistheirIPprotected?(PCT? WhichCountries?)
TheinnovatorshavebothanIndianPatent andaPCTpatentapplicationinprocess. Otherpatentsexistfordifferentmethodsof predictivetyping.
AbhijitBhattacharjee PatentName:Systemandmethodsfortext inputfortouchtypabledevices PCTapplicationapplied 4.Whenwerepatentsfiled/granted? IndiaPatentFileDate:13Dec2008 PCTapplicationfiled11Dec2009 5.Iftheresearchrevealsanypreferable Theredonotappeartobecompetitorsinthis formsofIPprotection,describewhat spacethatusetheexactsamemethod. thatisandwhy. Patentprotectionwillbecriticalasthis technologywouldnotbehardtoduplicate. Targetmarketcountriesarenotoriously indifferenttointellectualproperty protection,soitmaybehardtoprotect. Manypatentsexistforpredictivetext,and 6.Iftheresearchrevealedany potentiallysimilarpatentsortrademarks, somepatentsandapplicationswere identifiedinthisstudy(seelistbelow). thensimplystatethattheyexistbut determiningsimilarityorpotential infringementisbeyondthescopeofthe Quicklookandshouldbedeterminedby IPprofessionals. OnlyUSpatentsweresearchedforthis 7.Iftheresearchrevealedany potentiallysimilarpatentsortrademarks, report. thensimplystatethattheyexistbut determiningsimilarityorpotential infringementisbeyondthescopeofthe Quicklookandshouldbedeterminedby IPprofessionals. 8.Listthepatentsortrademarksinan Trademarksinothercategoriesexistforthe Appendixtothisreport. Panininameinavarietyofspellings, includingcomics,sandwiches,andsports tradingcards. 9.Listanyclaims(ifavailable)statedfor Seebelow. thisinventioninapatentfiling.

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DST1078CleverTexting 10.Haveanypapersorpresentations providingdetailedexplanationofthe technologybeenmadepublicly?Ifso, when? NokiaGlobalInnovationcontest September,2009 WinnerofJudgesChoiceawardasaMobile NecessityforEmergingMarkets.
OTHERKNOWNPATENTSANDAPPLICATIONS
Theredonotappeartobecompetitorsinthisspacethatusetheexactsamemethod. Patentprotectionwillbecriticalasthistechnologywouldnotbehardtoduplicate.Target marketcountriesarenotoriouslyindifferenttointellectualpropertyprotection,soitmaybe hardtoprotect.ClaimsforLunaErgonomicspatentapplicationsarelistedinAppendix8. Manypatentsexistforpredictivetext.Somepatentsandapplicationswereidentifiedinthis study(seelistbelow).Determiningsimilarityorpotentialinfringementisbeyondthescope oftheQuicklookandshouldbedeterminedbyIPprofessionals. PatentName PatentNumber GrantingCountry METHODFORKEYPAYOPTIMIZATION US7551162 USA PatentApplications PatentNumber GrantingCountry USA PREDICTIVETEXTCOMPLETIONFOR US20070060114 AMOBILECOMMUNICATION FACILITY METHODFORCUSTOMIZINGDATA US20090313571 USA ENTRYFORINDIVIDUALTEXTFIELDS
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Appendix4PotentialBenefits
DevelopedfromInnovatorInput Date:2/16/2010 1.1.DescribeBenefit1. 1.2Whatproblemdoesitsolve? 1.3Howbigistheproblem? 1.4Howistheproblemsolved today? 1.5Howisthesubjecttechnologya bettersolution?(Quantifyif cheaper,howmuchcheaper,etc.) 1.6Whoisthebeneficiary? 1.7Whywouldthebeneficiary preferthesubjecttechnologyover existingsolutions? 2.1DescribeBenefit2. 2.2Whatproblemdoesitsolve? 2.3Howbigistheproblem? 2.4Howistheproblemsolved today? 2.5Howisthesubjecttechnologya bettersolution?(Quantifyif cheaper,howmuchcheaper,etc.) 2.6Howmuchbetteristhesubject technology? 2.7Whoisthebeneficiary? 3.1DescribeBenefit3. 3.2Whatproblemdoesitsolve? 3.3Howbigistheproblem?
Supportlargealphabetsonlimitedkeypads. Currentmethodsarecumbersomeforall languages. Global Multitap,predictivetextanddictionarysystems thatinadequatelysupportmostlanguages. Statisticalpredictivetextandonscreenkeyboard mapenablessinglekeypressentryinany language. Endusers Easiertouse;canusepreferredlanguage
Ergonomicallybettersolution Thumb,fingerstraining Carpeltunnelhasbeenreportedbyheavytexters Nocurrentsolution Placesthemostlikelynextcharacteronthe keypadmapinamoreergonomiclocation Measurementsneedtobetakenonhowquick userscanadoptthismethodandifitactually reducesphysicalstresscomplaintsovertime. Endusers Transliterationbetweentwolanguages Aidscommunicationbetweenpeopleofdifferent languages HinderstradeacrossregionsOutsidethemain cities,therearehundredsofdialectsand languages.Itisveryhardtocommunicatewith anyone. Peoplemustspeakmorethanonelanguage
3.4Howistheproblemsolved today? 3.5Howisthesubjecttechnologya bettersolution?(Quantifyif cheaper,howmuchcheaper,etc.)
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DST1078CleverTexting 3.6Howmuchbetteristhesubject technology? 3.7Whoisthebeneficiary? Enduserswhowanttoextendtheirmarketsand reachnewcustomers;systemoperatorswhowant morepeopletousetextmessagingservices. Costreductionformechanicaldesigns Crowdedpresentationofthelistofcharacters assignedtoeachkey Appliestoalldeviceswithkeypadsorkeyboards Variousmethodsareusedlikeprintingonand besidekeys,carvingcharactersintothekeysor thebodyofthedevice Eliminatestheneedtowritecharactersbeyond numbersonthekeys.Reducesthecostand complexityofthedesign. 100% Manufacturers
4.1DescribeBenefit4. 4.2Whatproblemdoesitsolve? 4.3Howbigistheproblem? 4.4Howistheproblemsolved today? 4.5Howisthesubjecttechnologya bettersolution?(Quantifyif cheaper,howmuchcheaper,etc.) 4.6Howmuchbetteristhesubject technology? 4.7Whoisthebeneficiary?
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Appendix5Interviews

Number
Name Abhijit Bhattacharjee SandipPatel ManpeteBal DavidYates VikrantGandhi Abhijit Bhattacharjee DavidPatterson DavidAltounian
Organization
1 2 3 4 5
LunaErgonomicsPvtLtd KodiakNetworks Ericsson IndependentUsability Consultant Frost&Sullivan
Relationship Innovator (Interviewedby TimKennedy) Validator Customer Validator Validator Innovator (Interviewedby VickiLeonardo) Customer Customer Customer Validator
6 7 8
9 10
MarkVandenbrink JaeSungRo
LunaErgonomicsPvtLtd FreescaleSemiconductor MotionComputing Samsung Telecommunications America iTusavvy, LLC
22
DRDOINTERVIEWNOTESINVENTOR
AbhijitBhattacharjee Founder LunaErgonomicsPvtLtd,India Phone:+919810229631 Email:abhijit8086@yahoo.comabhijit@mymobilephone.in InterviewDate1/25/2010 Via:Skype InterviewconductedbyT.Kennedy TechnologyOverview ItisusabilitycreatedinsoftwarethatallowsyoutoenternonEnglishalphabetcharacters intoamobilephonefortexting,ortypinginmessages.Youuseanormaltelephonekeypad, andbyrunningthesoftware,itusesspeciallogictopredictwhatcharacteryouneedto type. Inmanycountriesyouhavetotypeinmessagesusingamobilekeypadwith12buttonson it.Englishcharactersareprintedonthephonesets,andbytypingthenumberoneormore times,youcanenteraletter.TheproblemisthatforlanguagesthatdontusetheEnglish RomanAlphabetcharacters,therecanbe50100charactersdependingontheIndian language(Hindi,orPunjabiforexample)andselectingacharactercantake6ormorekey presses.Also,sincethecharactersarenotprintedonthekeypad,hardtorememberwhere thecharactersare. WhatisthemarketinIndia? Rightnow,thereareover500millionmobilephoneusersinIndia.90%usethemjustfor voice. Thereareabout90millionwhoarefluentnEnglishinthebigcitiesoutof1.1Billionpeople. Howdoesthesoftwarework? IthasbeendevelopedasJavasoftwaresocanruninanyJavaphone.InIndia,Nokiahas 70%ofthemarket,andoursrunsonNokiaphones.Ourguessrightnowisthat21%of mobilephonesinIndiacanrunoursoftware.Wewilldevelopdifferentversionsfordifferent operatingsystems.Thereareprobably10differentplatformsthatarecommon. Statusofthetechnology Itisavailablenow.Thereareabout500downloadsperdayforIndianlanguages,and500 downloadsperdayfornonIndianlanguages.Wearenotchargingfortheproduct.Itwillrun for2monthsandthentheyneedtobuyit.Wehavewonsomeawardsandsomemedia exposureasatopapplication Wehavetriedsellingitfor3EurosforSpanishusers,andhavesoldabout100licenses.

23
DST1078CleverTexting Ittook4peopleabout1.5yearstorightthisforallthedifferentlanguages.Itwasnotalarge effort. IPProtection Wefiledaprovisionalapplicationayearago,andbeforethe1yearruleexpired,wefiledour PCTapplication.Ourpatentsareonthedynamicallocationofcharactersbeingpredicted andplacedonscreens. Everyotherapproachusescharactersonkeypad.Oursdoesnotrelyoncharacterson screen.Therehavebeenfamouspatentbattlesinareasoweknewweneededtobe prepared. Whoisthecustomer? Whilepeopledownloaditdirectlynow,wethinktheultimatecustomersarehandset manufactures.Carrierswillalsobeinterestedasitwillhelpthemdrivetextingrevenue.We havetalkedtoeachofthemajorcarriersinIndiabutareinearlystages.Themostinterested isacompanycalledTataDocom. WhatAboutOtherCountries? Chinaisabigmarket.KoreatheirlanguagedoesnothaveasmanycharactersasChineseor Japanese,solessofanissue.InChina,theyhavetotypeinChinese,translatetoEnglish, andback.Youhavetodolotsofmultitap,andMandarinhas3000characters. Whoarecompetitors? ThebiggestisNuance.About10yearsagotheyproducedasoftwareaidfortypingona phone.Ituseddictionarymatchingalgorithms.But,thebigissueiswordsnotinthe diction,ortoomanyoptionswhatwecalldictionarycollision.Therearenoother competitorsinIndiaatall. IdentifiedCompetitorsandCompetingTechnologies Nuance
24
DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
SandipPatel SystemsEngineer KodiakNetworks 150110thSt,Plano,TX75074 9726650200 InterviewDate:2/25/2010 Viatelephone InterviewconductedbyT.Kennedy AboutSandipPatel Sandipisasystemsengineerwhodevelopsmobilesoftwareforhandsets.Hehasover10 yearsexperiencewiththemobiledevicemarketandhasdevelopedapplicationson smartphoneandsimplephoneplatforms.HeisalsoaHindispeaker. InterviewSummary EveryoneinIndiausesEnglishfortexting.Iwasjustthereashortwhileago,anditisquite common.Youhavetorealizethatinthemaincitiesthere,everyonespeaksEnglish.Outside themaincities,therearehundredsofdialectsandlanguages.Itisveryhardtocommunicate withanyone.But,thereisverylittleuseofmobilephones.WhenIwaslastthere,people rentedaccesstoalandlineatacentralstoreinavillage. TheJavaapplicationyoumentionseemsveryeasytodo.Afewpeoplecoulddoitin6 months.Theaccuracyofthepredictionalgorithmiswherethebenefitis,Isuspect.Some formoffuzzylogicwouldbeneededtohelppredictthelettersifitwouldhaveanyvalue. Ihavetosaythisdoesntseemcompelling.Maybeinafewyears,butnow.
25
DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
ManpeteBal ProductManager Ericcson,Inc 200HolgerWay SanJose,CA InterviewDate:1/27/2010 InPerson InterviewconductedbyT.Kennedy AboutMr.Bal ManpreteBalisaproductmanagerwithEricsson,oneofthelargestmobiledevice manufacturesintheworld.Hehas20yearsexperiencewithavarietyoftechnologiesinthis spaceincludingmobilebroadband,networking,andswitches.HeisanativeHindispeaker, andtravelsfrequentlytoIndia,China,andotherAsiancountries. InterviewSummary IworkinIndiaquitefrequentlyandweonlyuseEnglishfortextingthere.Thehandsetsonly haveEnglishcharacters.And,Ihavenotreallyheardofanyplanstodootherwisethere. PeopleinthecitiesinIndiaspeakEnglishquiteprevalently.Itisthelanguageofbusiness. Outsidethecities,Iamnotsure.Withallthedifferentdialects,thatseemslikeitwouldbe verycomplex. IthinkthistechnologyhasmoreapplicabilityinChina.NotKoreaorJapanastheytendto textquiteasilynow.Iamvisitingtherethisweekend,andwillgiveyouanupdatewhenI getback. OtherSuggestedReferences FocusonChina
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DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
DaveYates,IndependentUsabilityConsultant SanAntonio,TXPhone:2103892721 InterviewDate:1/28/2010 Viatelephone InterviewconductedbyT.Kennedy AboutDaveYates Daveisanindependentcontractorwhoassistscompaniesinimprovingtheusabilityof technology.Hewasworkedonmanydifferenttypesofsoftwareandhardwareplatforms includingsmartphones. InterviewSummary WhatpeopletendtodonowfornonEnglishlanguagesisusetheRomanalphabetto phoneticallyspellwords,andthensoftwareoffersupsuggestioninthetargetlanguage.Itis noteasy. InIndia,thereistalkofasaturationrateof50%inIndiaby2010formobilephones,sosome newtechnologywouldbehelpfulIthink.InsomecountriesSMSmessagingisusemore frequentlythatvoicecalls,sothereislikelysomepotentialthereinthefuture. ThereisagoodarticleinTheEconomistinDec2009thattalksalotaboutthis.Itmentions thatanotheroptionisthatthereareavarietyofmethodsusedtophoneticallysoundout wordsforChinaandothercountriesthatworksfairlywellusingalimitedalphabetthatis nottheRomanAlphabet.
ArticleSummaryQuestionofCharacterTextinginLanguagesotherthanEnglish
Keypoints TextingwithLatincharactersisthemostcommonmethod,butitisnotusablein muchofAsiaandtheMiddleEast InChinawheredialectscontainasmanyas22,00characters,itismuchharder o YoueitherusePinyin,aphoneticalphabetthattranslatesChinesewords intotheLatinalphabet,orusingChinesecharacterstobuildtheactual strokesofthecharacter.Inthelater,keypressesdescribefivetypes: horizontal,vertical,astrokedowntotheleft,abentstrokeandadotor strokedowntotheright.Eachstrokeismappedontoasinglekey. InJapan,textingisverycommon o TheyuseKana,aJapanesephoneticalphabetthathas46characters OthercountrieslikeIndiaorTamalwhichhas200charactersuseamethodof mappingcharactersdowntothe50mostcommonandusingsimilarsounds. o Multitouchisusedtopickthe50characters.

27
DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
VikrantGandhi IndustryAnalyst Frost&Sullivan 7550IH10West,Suite400,SanAntonio,TX782295616 2102472457 vgandhi@frost.com InterviewDate:2/15/2010 Viatelephone InterviewconductedbyVickiLeonardo AboutVikrantGandhi VikrantGandhiwasareferralIreceivedfromGerryPurdyofMobileTrax.HeisanIndustry AnalystatFrost&Sullivanonmobilemarkets.VikrantisagraduateofSymbiosisInstituteof TelecomManagementinIndia,andworkedatRelianceTelecomLimitedbeforejoiningFrost &Sullivan. InterviewSummary IntheUS,thesystemoperatorspecifieswhatgoesonthephonestheyputontheir networks.InIndia,itisthemanufacturerwhodecideswhattoloadontothephone.The operatorsaretoobusyworkingonqualityofserviceissues. ThebestdistributionmethodforthisapplicationinIndiaistohaveitinstalledin phonesatthemanufacturer.Thesimpleryoucanmakeitfortheenduser,the moresuccessyouwillhave. Itisimportanttominimizeanycomplexityarounddownloadingthesoftwaretothephone. Mostendusersdonthavecomputers,particularlyintheruralareas.Downloadingthe applicationovertheairtothehandsetmayalsobeproblematicfornoncomputerusersif theyhavetodoanythingtoacceptorinstalltheapplication.Thebettersolutionistohaveit installedatthemanufacturer. OperatorsinIndiaarecompetingonqualityofserviceandprice.Dataservicesarenot successfulenoughtomakethemacompellingreasonforanyonetoswitchservices. Lowendphonesareverypopular,butthereareallkindsofenduserdevicesavailable. MobilephoneserviceinIndiaisthecheapestintheworld. InIndia,endusersonlypaytosendatextmessageorinitiateavoicecall.Thereceiving partydoesnotpaytogetatextmessageoravoicecall. ThereisastrongaffinitytolocallanguagesineachoftheregionsofIndia.

28
DST1078CleverTexting Peopleprefertousethelocallanguagesasmuchaspossible,andthatappliestotext messagingaswellasvoicecommunications,particularlyintheruralareasthisapplicationis targeting.Today,userscreateamixofthelocallanguageandtheirownphoneticallyspelled words,usingEnglishtosimulateIndianwords. Operatorsareinundatedwithrequestsfromcompanieswhowantthemtoputsoftwareon theSIMcardstheyselltoendusers.Thismakesitverydifficulttogetanoperators attention.Theremightbeanopportunitytopartnerwithoneofthemoresuccessful softwarecompanieswhoarealreadydistributingsoftwarethroughthecarriers. Theconceptoftransliterationwasappealing,butVikrantcautionedthattherecouldnotbe anycosttothesystemoperators.Aslongasthetranslationishandledinthephone,and notinsomecloudcomputingormobilehub,thatwouldbeacceptable. Transliterationcannotresultinanyadditionalcosttothesystemoperators. Theremaybesomecompellingenterpriseapplicationsforlocallanguagemessages.For example,ifyourbankwantedtosendyouamessagetoletyouknowadeposithadbeen appliedtoyouraccount,theenduserwouldnotbechargedforthatmessage,sinceitwould beincoming.Thebankwouldpayforthatmessage,andcoulduseofferingthatasaservice asawaytocompetewithotherbanksfortheendusersbankingbusiness.Theenduser couldchoosethelanguagetheywanttoreceivebankalerts. IdentifiedCompetitorsandCompetingTechnologies SocialnetworkingapplicationslikeFacebookandTwitterarecompetingfortextmessaging trafficonmobiledevices.ManyInternetserviceprovidersareintroducinginstant messagingapplicationstocompeteinthisspace,likeGooglesBuzz.Endusersarechargeda bundleddataservicefeeinsteadofforeachtextmessagetheysend.Theseapplicationsare typicallyonthemoreadvanceddevices,notonthebasichandsets. ReferralsforAdditionalPrimaryResearch VikrantagreedtoprovideacontactfamiliarwiththeChinamarketandtoviewthePanini Keypadwebsitetogiveadditionalfeedback. OtherSuggestedReferences OfferedtohelpconnectwithateamatFrost&SullivaninIndiaandtoreviewthePanini Keypadwebsite. ADDITIONALINPUT VikrantGandhifollowedupwithacontacthehasatthelargestcontentaggregatorinIndia, althoughhecutoutthecontactsnameandcompany.Hereistheadditionalfeedbackfrom 2/20/10: Iwouldagreeregionallanguagesupportcouldbeaniceproposition,howeverjust twothings:

29
DST1078CleverTexting 1)ApplicationhastobedownloadedovertheairusingGPRS/internet/ transferthroughPC;thiswouldbeachallengeforapersonwhocan'teven SMSinEnglish. o 2)PeopleinIndia(especiallynext500million,fromrural/realIndia)would bemoredependentonvoice/IVR23messagingbecauseofverylowvoice tariffsandconvenience. Icandefinitely[see]asurgeinusageoftheseapplicationswithcurrentbaseif theseguyscouldtieupwithOEM'ssuchasNokia's,ornewoneslikeMicromax,etc. andhavethisapplicationpreburntonphones,Ihavemydoubtifacriticalmass wouldalsoliketopayforthisapplicationseparately.However,Iwouldnotdiscount thefactthattheappiscool! o
23
IVRisInteractiveVoiceResponse

30
DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
AbhijitBhattacharjee FounderandCEO LunaErgonomicsPvtLtd #3,JSSATESTEP,C20/1,Sector62,Noida,India +911202401516,+919810229631(Mobile) abhijit@mymobilephone.in,abhijit8086@yahoo.com InterviewDate:2/16/2010 Viatelephone InterviewconductedbyVickiLeonardo AboutName AbhijitBhattacharjeeistheinnovatoronCleverTextingandthefounderandCEOofLuna ErgonomicsPvtLtd.Thecompanywasstarted15Aug2008,andhas4people.Theywere filingpatentsbyNovember2008,andshippedtheirfirstproductinDecemberofthatyear. TimKennedyalreadyconductedoneinterviewwithAbhijitonJanuary25,2010. Theaudiowasnotworkingonhiscomputer,sowehadourdialogoverYahooInstant Messenger.Becauseofthetimedifference,weendedupbreakingupourfirstconversation intotwoparts,firstfromabout12:30AMto1:30AMandthenagainfromabout8:30AMto 10:30AMonTuesday,2/16/2010,Austintime. InterviewSummary ThecoreproductthatiscalledCleverTextingisthecombinationofthepredictivetexting algorithmandusingascreentomapkeypressestoalimitedkeypad,suchasthekeypad onacellularphone.CleverTextingusesdynamicallocationonthescreen,whichisputting themostlikelynextkeypressoptionsclosesttothethumb. CleverTextinghasbeendevelopedwithJavaforalightweightsizeandportabilityandis availablefordownloadnowin11Indianlanguagesand9othergloballanguages.Whilethe CleverTextingproducttargetstheglobalmarketplace,the11Indianlanguageshavebeen bundledintooneproductfamily,targetingIndia. ThePaniniKeypadisthenamefortheIndianlanguagepackage.Anaddedfeatureis transliterationbetweenIndianlanguages.ThesendercansendamessageinoneIndian languageandthereceivercanviewthemessageintheirpreferredlanguage. (Transliterationisnotthesameastranslation,butmoreofaphoneticwaytopresentwords fromonelanguagethatcanberecognizedbysomeonewhospeaksanotherlanguage.)24
24
TransliterationisonlyavailablebetweentheIndianlanguagestoday,butcouldbedoneforother languagesifthereisdemandforit.WithapplicationsleveragingtheInternet,translationcouldalso beaccomplished.

31
DST1078CleverTexting CleverTextingandthePaniniKeypadpresentlyworkonJavabasedNokiaphones.Thebasic modelsfromNokiasupportallormostoftheIndianscripts.PhonesmusthavetheIndian fontstopresentthecharactersproperly,andmostphonesshippedintotheregionalready haveit. LunaErgonomicsispresentlyworkingonaddingtheKoreanlanguagetotheirportfolio,and expectittobeavailablebytheendofthemonth.JapaneseandChinesearenextontheir developmentlist. Abhijitsaidhewantstoraiseawarenessamongendusersthatitispossibletogetdevicesin theirownlanguage,andgetthemtovoicetheirpreferencestomanufacturersinsteadof justtakingwhatisoffered.Thecompanyhasavisionofchanginghowcontentisentered aroundtheworldthroughtheCleverTextingscreen. Thereareotherdevicesthatthiscanbeusefulon,suchasanATMscreen,asettopbox, touchscreenkiosksandeventhePCandwebbasedapplications. ThereisalsoatouchscreenversionoftheCleverTextingproduct.Thismakesitsuitablefor moreadvanceddeviceslikesmartphones.Itisalsousefulforothertouchscreen implementationssuchastablecomputers. Abhijitishavingsomesuccesswithanumberofmajorcompanies.Therearesomeother companiestheywouldliketobeintouchwith,butneedhelpfindingcontacts.Thesupport heneedsmostfromtheIC2GCGorganizationisinsuccessfullynegotiatingdealswithmajor corporations. NokiathroughacontactaVodafone,thecompanywasconnectedwithpeopleatNokia Finland.Theyhadaconferencecallon2/12/10withthreetechnicalpeoplethatAbhijit thoughtwentwell.NokiaaskedhowtheirIPisprotectedandwhattherevenuemodel wouldbe.TheyexpecttoreconnectwithNokiaintwotothreeweeks. NokiaprovidedfreeUX(userexperience)testingfromDigiaaspartoftheirentryintothe CallingAllInnovatorsUKprogram.Abhijitsuppliedmewithacopyofthereportthatwill bepartofthisQuicklook. ThePaniniKeypadwasthewinneroftheJudgesChoiceawardattheNOKIAGlobal Innovationcontest(Sept09)asaMobileNecessityforEmergingMarkets.Thisdidnotseem togettheneededattentionatNokiauntiltheVodafonecontactmentionedaboveputthem intouchwithNokiapeopleinFinland. SamsungTheSamsungIndiaJavaAppsStoreGrouphasbeenintouchwithAbhijittohelp themdevelopandtestCleverTextingforspecificSamsungmodels.Theywanttohostthe CleverTextingapplicationintheirappsstore.

32
DST1078CleverTexting MicrosoftAbhijitmetwithMicrosoftonJanuary13,2010.Microsoftwantstobuildthis functionalityintotheMicrosoftOperatingsystemorMSOfficeproductsorMSphones. ThecompanyisinterestedinlicensingthetechnologyforPCs.Theyexpecttohaveafollow upconversationon2/17/2010. QualcommWantsLunaErgonomicstodevelopCleverTextingfortheBREWplatformto supportCDMA.Thattechnologyisonthedeclineandhasstruggledforsometime.Abhijits teamhasbeeninvitedtoBREWdevelopertrainingsessions(2daysFeb2224thatthe QualcommofficeinHyderabad,atnocharge.)
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DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
DavidPatterson VicePresident&GeneralManager FreescaleSemiconductor 6501WilliamCannonDriveWest,Austin,TX78735 5128957022(office);7606131995(cell) david.patterson@freescale.com pattonville86@yahoo.com InterviewDate:2/22/2010 Viatelephone InterviewconductedbyVickiLeonardo AboutName DavidPattersonistheVP&GMofFreescaleSemiconductorsCellularProductsGroup.He joinedthecompanyin2007asaDirectorofProductManagement.Priortojoininghewasa VPofMarketingatBeceemCommunicationsandwasaProductManageratQualcommfor6 years.DavidisveryfamiliarwithcellularphonemanufacturerssuchasMotorola,Samsung, Nokia,Ericsson,RIMandothers,havingcalledonthemasasemiconductorsupplierfor manyyears.Freescaleisactivelysupportingtheirprimarycustomer,Motorola,andworking tolicensetheirIPtoothermanufacturers. InterviewSummary Davidsaidthathandsetmanufacturersoroperatingsystemvendorsaretherighttargetsfor licensingCleverTextingtechnology.Semiconductormanufacturersreallyonlypreparethe phonewiththerightAPIs(applicationprogramminginterfaces).Thisallowshandsetmakers toplugintheapplicationstheywanttomanagephonefunctionalityliketexting.Forthe semiconductormakertodothis,theywouldalsohavetoprovidethedisplaydrivers. AllthehandsetvendorsintheworldhaveaUIsolutiontoday.Mostofthelowendphones aremanufacturedforthebigbrandsbyODMs(originaldesignmanufacturers)whilethe brandleadersdevelopthenextgenerationproducts.Traditionalphonemodelsthatneedto sellforunder$50canbedevelopedfarmoreinexpensivelybyODMsinShenzhen,Chinaor Taiwan.FlextronicsisoneoftheODMsthatmakehandsets. Forwideadoption,CleverTextinghastobeinstalledbeforeendusersobtainthedevice. Davidhasnotheardanyonecomplainingabouttheexistingmethods.Bythesametoken, hehasnotheardanyonesaytheywereamazinglysatisfiedwiththetechnologytheyhave now.Thequestionyouhavetoaskiswhatisdifferent,uniqueorbetteraboutthis applicationversuswhatisalreadyoutthere? Thecurrentmethodonyourphonewouldhavetobeseriouslybadbeforemost peoplewillgototheefforttomakeachange.

34
DST1078CleverTexting Thesubjectoftextingmethodscomesupfromtimetotime,butDavidhasnotheard anyoneaskingaboutbettermethodsforsometime.About4yearsago,thesubjectcame upregardingvoicetotext(speakintothephoneanditconvertsyourwordstotextonthe screen)asasolutionthatneededsemiconductorsupport,butitfadedawaybecauseitwas notrobustenough. Davidlikedtheideaofaphonethatcouldtranslatemessagessomeonesendsyouinone languageintoyourpreferredlanguage.(Notethattransliterationisnotthesameas translation.)Hesaidthattranslationwouldbeprettycool. Somequestionscameup: Howdoyoucapitalizeletters(ordesignateapropernoun)? Whatabouttypingacronyms?Willitrememberthem? Davidrelatedsomeanecdotalinformationabouthisnieces.Itseemstheyarenotsupposed tousetheircellphonesinschool.Butwhattheydoisholdtheirphonesundertheirdesks andcomposetextmessageswithoutlookingatthescreen.Theyrelyonthetactilefeedback fromthekeypad(somephonehavemorethanothers).WithCleverTexting,youmustlook atthescreenallthetimebecausethecharacterscanbemappedtoadifferentkeyevery time. DavidneverlikedhowpredictivetextworksontheRIMBlackberrydevice. IdentifiedCompetitorsandCompetingTechnologies LookatAndroid,AppleSymbianandWindows7 ReferralsforAdditionalPrimaryResearch Itwouldbebetterforustotalktopeopleintheregionswheretheyhavelargealphabets likeIndia,China,JapanandKorea.Davidwillgothroughhiscontactlistandseeifthereis someonehethinksIcouldtalktoaboutthis.Heinvitedmetopinghimagainbytheendof theweekifIdonthearfromhim.Hedidntthinkhereallyhadanyonehehastalkedtoin underayear,sinceFreescalehaschangeddirectioninthecellularhandsetmarket. OtherSuggestedReferences VentureBeatwebsiteforventurecapitalmarkettrends. FOLLOWUPFEEDBACK,3/8/10EmailfromDavidPatterson TypicallylargeOEMsthatbuyphonesfromODMshaveaspecthatdefineswhatthelook andfeelofthephoneissupposedtobe.TheODMwillthenbuildmockupsofvarious phonedesignsandpresentthemtotheOEMforapproval. SincetheOEMsalreadyhaveafewkeyODMpartners,theODMshavealreadydeveloped thevastmajorityoftheusersoftware.TheODMsusuallyworkcloselyenoughwiththe OEMstoalsounderstandthetypesofnewfeaturestobeaddedovertime.TheODMsare alwayslookingforvalueaddthingstooffertheOEMsandwillbedevelopingnew capabilitiestheyfeelarelikelytobeadopted.

35
DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
DavidAltounian CEO MotionComputing 8601RR2222,BuildingII,Austin,TX78730 5126371101 daltounian@motioncomputing.com InterviewDate:2/22/2010 Viatelephone InterviewconductedbyVickiLeonardo AboutName DavidAltounianisthefounderofMotionComputing.Mr.AltounianisaformerGeneral ManagerofDell'sEMEAWorkstationDivisionandhasheldseniorproductexecutiverolesin Dell'snotebookandworkstationproductdivisions.Hehas20yearsofmanagement experienceatCompaq,Motorola,andAshtonTate. Tabletcomputerswithwirelessconnectivityhavebeengatheringmarketexperiencefora numberofyears.Asthemarketexpandswithsmartphone,netbooksandotherdevices, MotionComputinghastobelookingattheseproductaspotentialthreatsandopportunities togrowtheirbusiness. InterviewSummary Almostallthetabletcomputersusedigitalpeninputtoday.Writingontabletsisthewayit isdone.Theirscreensaredigitized,nottouchscreens.Youusedtohavetobuythe WindowsXPtabletkit,butnowMicrosoftbundlestheirpeninputtoolintoWindows7. EverNotesritePenisapopularsolution,butthedigitalpeninputisalreadyintheoperating system.Theyuseatethereddevicethatworkswellinmobileenvironments. Itdoesntmakesensetothrowawaythemarginbyreplacingafunctionalitythat alreadyexistsintheoperatingsystem. Davidhaslookedatseveraltextentrytechnologiesovertheyears,butmoreoftenthennot, whenhebringsittoMicrosofttheysaywhattheyhavenowisgoodenough.Ifitdoesnt helpthemmakemoresales,theyarereluctanttochangeexistingsolutions.Ithastobe somethingyouthinkaboutforthenextgeneration,andhastobepartofthecoreoperating system. Italsohastobesignificantlydifferentandbetterthanthecurrentsolution.Theyarewilling toincorporatesomethingbetterintothenextversion.Davidcautionsthattheyhavealso beenknowntoseeagoodideaandjustdesignasimilarsolutionintotheirproduct.

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DST1078CleverTexting Theimplicationwasthattheywouldcreatetheirowndesignthataccomplisheswhatyou showthem.DavidknowsofaninnovatorinCanadathathasagreatenhancementfor digitalpeninputsthatheloves,buthecantputitinfrontofMicrosoftwithoutthethreat thattheywillacknowledgetheshortfallintheircurrentproductanddesignsomethingthat solvesitinsomeotherway. Thechallengewillbereplacingwhatpeopleareusingnowintheoperatingsystems. LanguagepackagesareallbuiltintotheMicrosoftoperatingsystemstoday.Whenyou breaktheseal,youselectthelanguagefromthemultilanguagepackandtheentire operatingsystemissetupforthatlanguage.Thissortofproductreallyhastobepartofthe operatingsystem. Inthetabletmarket,peoplearehesitanttopayforanythingextralikethis.Ifitdidntcome aspartoftheOS,theydontwanttoinstallsomethingdifferent.Whentheinputmethodis partofthemainOS,alltheapplicationsdrawnthatfunctionalityfromthesamesource. Ifyouinstalladifferententrymethod,thereisnoguaranteethatalltheapplicationswillbe abletorecognizesomethingdifferent.Theuserprobablycantdeletethetextmethodthat camewiththedevice,andiftheydid,someapplicationsmaynotworkatall.(Example: Fontsareinstalledonacomputerandalltheapplicationsthatneedthempullfromthe samelibrary.)Ifyouhavetwodifferenttextentrymethodsononedevice,youcanconfuse users. GoogleDroidhasthebestpredictivetextingIveseen. Handsetmarketsdonthavealotofpriceelasticity,particularlyintheruralmarketsinIndia andplaceslikethatwherethelowestpricesismoreoftenthewinner.Theymightjustwant toputthisoutasShareware,becauseitisreallytangentialtowheretherealactionisin mobilecomputingrightnow.Theoperatingsystemsarereallycontrolledbyjustafew providers,sothebulkofthenewdevelopmenthasshiftedtotheapplicationslayer. Applicationsthatleveragetheusabilityofcameras,wirelessandGPSapplications withlifestyleandshoppingtoolsarewheretheindustryisfocusing. Eveninhandsets,theemphasisonagoodbetterbestportfolioisdroppingaway.The handsetmarketispolarizingtothereallycheaplowendthrowawayphonesononeend, andfullfeaturesmartphonesontheotherend.Thecosttomakesmartphoneshascome downsomuchbecausealltheenhancementsareinthesoftware.Smartphonesarenow sellingforaslowas$79.99to$199.Therearestillhigherenddevices,liketheiPhone,butit willbedifficultforanybrandtomaintainapremiumasmoremanufacturersbringdevicesto market. IdentifiedCompetitorsandCompetingTechnologies Forphones,lookatGoogleAndroid,MicrosoftWindowsandpossiblyLinuxforallother devices.ThereisalsoatabletversionofAndroid.

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DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
MarkVandenbrink VicePresidentofTechnologySolutions SamsungTelecommunicationsAmerica 1301E.LookoutDrive,Richardson,TX75082 2149912542 mark@vandenbrink.us InterviewDate:2/23/2010 Viatelephone InterviewconductedbyVickiLeonardo AboutName MarkVandenbrinkhas20+yearsexperienceinsystemlevelsoftwarewithexperiencein operatingsysteminternals.Hecreatedtheworld'sfirstMIDPbasedphone,drovethe formationofJ2MEasaplatform,andledtheMIDPexpertgroup.25Markalsocreatedthe world'sfirstLinuxphoneatMotorola'sBeijingDesignCenter,andlaunchedMotorola'sopen sourceinitiatives26.HisspecialtiesincludeembeddedLinux,systemsoftware,J2ME, softwarearchitecture,strategy. MarkiscurrentlyaVPofTechnicalSolutionsforSamsunginNorthAmerica.Thisistheonly marketforwhichSamsunghasplaceddedicateddesignanddevelopmentresources.Design anddevelopmentforallothermarketsiscentralizedinKorea.IworkedwithMarkat MotorolasSemiconductorProductsSectorintheJavaSoftwaregroupwherehewasthe ChiefArchitectforMobileSystemsSoftware. InterviewSummary Theprimarycompetitorinthisspace,NuanceCommunications,withtheirT9predictivetext isheavilyentrenchedinthehandsetmarket.Itwillbeverydifficulttodisplacethem, particularlyintraditionalphones.Thereissomuchemphasisonsmartphonestodaythat littlenewdevelopmentishappeningforlowendphones. AcoinventoroftheT9product,CliffKushler,launchedanewproductforsmartphones calledSWYPE.Usercanslidetheirfingeracrossavirtualkeypadtoenterwords.This technologyisbeingfundedbyNokiaGrowthPartners,SamsungVentures,BenaroyaCapital, DOCOMOCapital,Inc.andothers.27SamsunghasputSWYPEontheirAndroidphoneand hasheavilyinvestedinthecompany.
25 26
http://java.sun.com/aboutJava/communityprocess/final/jsr037/index.html. http://opensource.motorola.com. 27 http://news.softpedia.com/news/NokiaSamsungInvest56MillioninSwype129834.shtml, http://www.swypeinc.com/news.html

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DST1078CleverTexting Withoutadictionaryandpredictivewordsinsteadofjustcharacters,youreputtingyourself atacompetitivedisadvantagerelativetomostofthecompetitorsoutthere.iTAPfrom Motorola,forinstance,buildsadictionary.SWYPEdoes,too. MarkrecommendedtestingCleverTextingagainstdifferentmethods.Testitwithagroup ofstudents28,butmakesureyoutestitagainstalltheoptionsoutthere.Include comparisonagainstsinglehandandtwohandapproaches. Samsungrespondsbesttoempiricalevidence,sodataonhowthisperformscomparedto othermethodswouldbeveryimportanttothem.Markthoughtthismethodwouldrequire asteeplearningcurvesinceexistingmethodshavebeenouttheresolong. MygutfeelisthatCleverTextingwillbeslowerthanT9becausetheirpredictive textmethodworkssowell. SWYPEdoesnthavesuchasteeplearningcurvebecauseitusesawellknownQWERTY keypadandpeopleareusedtoit.(Sofar,IhavenotfoundanyinformationaboutSWYPE fornonEnglishapplications,butthatdoesntmeanitisntbeingdevelopedordoesntexist.) FunctionalitylikethisinsmartphonesneedstobeattheOSlevel.IntheJavaOS,J2ME, messagingisdoneattheapplicationlayer.Ifyouputtextmessagingmethodsatthesame level,alltheotherapplicationswouldhavetoberewrittentouseit,andnooneisgoingto dothat.Ifyouputitintheoperatingsystem,alltheapplicationscouldmakeuseofit.Since youareusingthescreenforavirtualkeypad,however,youwillbecompetingforscreen spacewiththeseotherapplications.IfitsnotattheOSlevel,thephonewillhavemore thanonetextentrymethod.Itislikelytoconfuseuserstohavetoswitchbackandforth. Withmorethanonetextentrymethodonthesamedevice,youwontbeableto buildaconsistentcognitivemodel.Peoplewillgetconfusedandfrustrated. CleverTextingmightbebettersuitedtoemergingmarketswheresmartphonesandtouch screensarenotuniversallydeployed.(SWYPEreliesonatouchscreen.)CleverTextingmay alsobejustaregionalplayandnotbeacceptedoutsideoftheonemarket.SinceSamsung hasalreadyinvestedinSWYPE,Markthoughtitwouldbeunlikelytheywouldwantto consideranotherentrymethod. Thereissomuchemphasisonsmartphonesinthecellphonebusinesstodaythatnew developmentsforlowendphoneswillhaveadifficulttimecomingtomarket.Particularlyin theUS,theiPhonehasbeensuchagamechanger,itiswouldbeanuphillbattletoget interesthere.
Markrelatedananecdotalstoryabouthis16yearolddaughterusingtextmessagingwhilehiding thephoneunderherdesk.Theytakethephonesawayiftheyarecaughtusingtheminschool,butit doesntstopthemfromcovertuse.Havingtolookatthescreenwouldremovethetactilefeedback theyusenowwhichmightbeagoodthingiftheyarenotpayingattentioninclass.

28
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DST1078CleverTexting MarksfocusisontheNorthAmericansmartphonemarket,andwasnotabletoprovide inputdirectlyregardingtraditionalphonesinemergingmarkets.Knowinghowthemarket evolvesoverthelonghaul,youcanexpecttoseesmartphonefunctionalitypusheddown intothelowerendmarketsbeforetoolong. IdentifiedCompetitorsandCompetingTechnologies Nuance,T9;SWYPE;MotorolaiTAP ReferralsforAdditionalPrimaryResearch IftherewasmorecompellingdatahereaboutCleverTexting,Markthoughthemightbe willingtoprovideanothercontact.However,sincethereissuchadistinctseparationinthe SamsungcorporatestructurebetweenNorthAmericadevelopmentandtherestof Samsungsdesignteams,hedidntthinkhewouldbeabletofindacontactwillingtotalkto us. OtherSuggestedReferences SWYPE,AndroidOS
40
DRDOINTERVIEWNOTES
JaeSungRo Founder&CEO iTusavvy,LLC 3925WestBrakerLane,Austin,Texas78759 5123646830 jrocool@gmail.com InterviewDate:2/23/2010 Viatelephone InterviewconductedbyVickiLeonardo AboutName JaeSungRoisthefounderofzSoup,aninternetindustrycompanythatisdevelopinganew searchenginefortheweb.Thesearchengine,Tusavvy,usesonlyhumantoucheddatafor searchenhancements.Insteadofsearchingtheentireweb,Tusavvyallowsusestofind sharedwisdomratherthanadelugeofgenericknowledge.ATIinvitedJaeSungintotheir LandingPadprograminAugust2009.JaeSungspentfiveyearsatSamsung.Hehasalsohad akeeninterestinwirelesstechnology.DonnaKidwellrecommendedJaeSungtogetthe Koreanperspectiveaswellashisthoughtsonthistechnology. InterviewSummary SmartphonepenetrationisrisingrapidlyinKorea,particularlyamongbusinesspeople.Itis similartotheUSmarket.TheiPhonehashadaprofoundeffectonthewholeworld. Samsungandmanyothersmallvendorsarefocusingherebecauseofallthegreat applicationsthatarecomingout. TextmessagingisverypopularinKoreaamongeveryone,butespeciallyamongteenagers. Thecostofatextmessagethereisabout1/5ththecostintheUS.Theyonlypaytosend messages,nottoreceivethem. Ingeneral,everyoneknowsitiscumbersometotypeintextmessages.Thatiswhy predictivetextissohelpful.Predictingjustthenextcharactermayhavesomevalue,but JaeSungsaidhecouldntseetextingwithoutthephonepredictingthenextwholeword. Peoplethatusecomputersareusedtothisnow,withtoolliketheGooglesearchengine. Peoplewantthedevicetopredictthenextwordtominimizethetypingonthesmalldevice. Inaddition,JaeSungsaid: Therehastobemoresemanticmeaninginthepredictivetexttobeuseful. Therearemanydifferentmodelsofstatisticpredictivetext.Itisincrediblyusefulforpeople tryingtocommunicatewithelectronicdevices.

41
DST1078CleverTexting SamsunghasanOSformobilephones.NokiaandIntelareworkingontheirownOS,too.29 Theinnovatormaywanttolookatsomeotheroptions.TheQWERYkeyboardisaproven, longterminterfaceandhasbeenwelldesignedandintegratedintothePCworld.Asthe computermovesbeyondthedesktop,laptopandhandset,theremaybeother opportunitiestoconsider.Forexample,television,settopboxesandgamecontrollersmay beareastoconsider.Mobilemarketsarejusttoocompetitiveforsmallcompaniestogaina foothold.
29
NokiausestheSymbianoperatingsystem.

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Appendix6MarketBaselineReports
Researchguidanceprovidedbyauthor.(Thiscanbeusedtoguideanotherresearcher.) TechnologyDescription [FromAppendix1Question10] Generalmarket Javabasedmobilephoneswithtextmessagingcapability description MarketGeography Global,India,China,AsiaPacmarkets AdditionalGuidance AuthorQuestion1 AuthorQuestion2 AuthorQuestion3 Informationprovidedbyresearch.
Component Overallmarketsize inUSD Data CleverTexting estimatebasedon Indiahandsetmarket forhalfofNokias projectedvolume. US$15million 6.6%CAGRfrom2010 to2014 Reference/Citation Forbes.com TelecomRegulatory AuthorityofIndia IDC(sharedata) Comment 108Mnewunits Nokiashare(60%) Halftheirvolume Foroneyear@ US$0.5/unit capped Forworldwide mobilephone market Nuancesupports over73languages andhasbeen deployedinover3 billionphones. http://www.nuanc e.com/t9/textinput /
AnticipatedMarket Growth(CAGR)
MarketProfitability KeyCompetitors
T9andXT9 Nuance Communications Nuancealso acquiredZi Corporation,maker ofeZiText iTapMotorola LexicusDivision SureTypeRIM Letterwise, Wordwise,EQ3 fromEatoni,USA. Phraseitfrom PrevalentDevices TenGofrom Xrgomics AdaptxtAirTxtx4u
IDC http://www.idc.com/getd oc.jsp?containerId=22242 6
Handset manufactureowned solutions Otherindependent solutions
43
Competitive productsor substitutes Marketshareof competitorsor competing technologies SWYPE
Synaptics Phatware.com Voicetotext Nuancesupportsover 73languagesandhas beendeployedin over3billionphones.
Describeatypical customerforthis productormarket. (Examplesinclude endconsumers; researchhospitals; industrialpurchasing managers;etc.) Describethebuying processforthis productormarket. Describethe marketsdistribution structure.(Examples include:directsales viaphoneand ecommerce;local dealerships; professionalvalue addedresellers (VARs);etc.) Barrierstoentry?
Mobilephoneusers; manufacturers; systemoperators
NuancesT9isthe largestshare owner,basedon howmany companieshave licensedthe technology
Handsetsare purchasedthrough retailoutlets Systemoperators providemainlypre paidphoneservice viaretail.95%of subscribermarketis prepaid.
TelecomRegulatory AuthorityofIndia
Moderate; DavidPatterson manufacturerscan interview;seeAppendix purchasestandardcell 5. phoneplatforms;new manufacturers provideexterior designs,brandname
OriginalDesign Manufacturers (ODM)maketheir designsavailable tomanufacturers
44
DST1078CleverTexting Additionalinformationderivedthroughjointresearch. Component Data Reference/Citation Whatisthemarket IndianGSMhandset http://www.pluggd. structure(example: marketcontrolledby in/indiamobile fragmentedwith Nokia(62.6%);79% phonemarket manysuppliersor ofsubscribersare researchnokia solidifiedwithafew GSM dominatesgsm powerfulsuppliers)? marketlgleads cdma297/ June2009 Comment Ruralmarkets represent30%of subscribers(Sept. 09),upfrom25% inSept.08,andis growingfaster thanurban markets;text messagingnotas widelyusedin ruralmarketsas urbanareas. Gartnerquoted inShanzaistory.
http://www.shanzai .com/index.php/ma rket mayhem/shanzhai business/548 leading smartphone brandsinindia http://www.shanzai Gartnerexpectsthe Indianmobilemarket .com/index.php/ma toexceed30million rket by2013. mayhem/shanzhai business/548 leading smartphone brandsinindia Voice&Data, Indiansmartphone http://voicendata.ci marketcontrolled (90%)by3vendors, ol.com/content/ne Nokia,HTCandRIM ws/110012901.asp (3Q09statistic reportedJan.2010) Smartphones represented15%of allhandset shipmentsin2009 reaching175million units.30 TheIndianmobile subscriberbasewill growfromthe current452millionto reach771millionby 2013.
Gartnerquoted inShanzaistory.
30
http://communitiesdominate.blogs.com/brands/2010/02/phonemarketsharesforyearof2009 andlastquarter2009.html

45
DST1078CleverTexting Whatsortofpower orlockindo competingsuppliers haveover purchasers? VikrantGandhi, Textentrysoftware productsareinstalled Frost&Sullivan atthemanufacturer Mostendusers inIndiawould notbeableto installthis softwarebecause fewhavePCsor speakEnglish outsidethe majorcities. Mustbeinstalled atthe manufacturer andbea standardfeature onaphonetobe successful Determining similarityor potential infringementis beyondthe scopeofthe Quicklookand shouldbe determinedbyIP professionals.
Licensees have included Nokia, Motorola, Ericsson, Samsung, Siemens, Acer, Amstrad, Arima, Benefon, Denso Wireless Systems America, Fujitsu, Giga Telecom, Hyundai Electronics, Kyocera Wireless, LG Electronics, MagCom, Maxon Telecom, Mitsubishi, NEC, Optimay, Panasonic, Pantech, Philips, Sagem, Sanyo, Sendo, Sewon, Shintom, Sony, Standard
Whatarethekey differentiating featuresorsuccess factorsforthis market?
Installedatthe manufacturer. Noadditionalcostto theenduseror operatortoinstallor use Manypatentsexist forpredictivetext, andsomepatents andapplications wereidentifiedin thisstudy.
VikrantGandhi, Frost&Sullivan
Dokeypatentsor otherIPdominate thismarketspace? Ifso,explainand reference.
http://www.freepat entsonline.com/
Whatarekey strengthsand/or weaknessesof competitorsinthis market?
In2002,T9hadbeen installedin180 phonemodels
http://www.timewa rner.com/corp/new sroom/pr/0,20812,6 69152,00.html
46
Telecom, Sym Systems, Telit, Toshiba, WorldM and Voxson
47
Appendix7FollowupContactList
Usethistabletoidentifyanyresearch/interviewcontactsthathaveinterestinbeing contactedforfurtherinformationonthesubjecttechnology.(Providedbyinnovator.)
Industry/ Market Cell Phones Name Jens Benner Dept./ Position JensKass Benner,Sr. Bus.Dev. Mgr. GlobalHead ofEmerging MarketSvcs. Samsung IndiaJava AppsStore Group Lead DesignerUX, Samsung DesignDelhi Software Dev.Centre, Bangalore Headof Innocubation R&D Sr.Bus.Dev. Mgr. Company Nokia Nokia Devices Nokia Phone m: +45.20.911.10 3 Email jens.benn er@nokia. com jawahar.k anjilal@n okia.com aditya.bhi de@sams ung.com sankets.m @samsun g.com morla.s@s amsung.c om chatur@lg e.com avirani@q ualcomm. com Srini.Kopp olu@micr osoft.com sachin.kel kar@intel. com praveenx. r.ramamu rthy@inte l.com pramodkv arma@gm ail.com Natureof interest? Handset adoption
Jawahar Kanjilal Aditya
Cell Phones
Samsung
Sanket Magarkar
Samsung
O:+91(080)41 819999x7284 M:+91 9986073879 +9199535 56846
Appstore
Srinivasa RaoMorla ChaturP Gadhia Anand Virani
Samsung
Cell Phones Cell Phones
LG
+91 9880179019
forphone
PCs
Srini Koppulu SACHIN KELKAR
PCs
Praveen.R
E Governanc e
PramodK Verma
Headof Researchat India Software Partner Program Mgr. Strategic Account Manager (IEET,India) Chief Architect: NationalID cardproject
Qualcomm O:+9122 IndiaPvt. 67041424 Ltd. M:+9193 24219557 Microsoft
Developm entfor CDMA platform IndiaPC Market IndiaPC Market
Intel
+9198335 61421
UIDAI
*Cell+91 9845357525 |*Work:+91 8025075367
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Appendix8AdditionalArtifacts
Appendix8Contents
TechnologyValidationReport TechnicalDescriptionDetail MarketAnalysisDetail ClaimsforLunaErgonomicsIndiaPatentApplication
DSTLMTechnologyValidationReport
1078 CleverTexting T.Kennedy 1/28/2010 1.UniquenessBasedontheinterviewsthatyouconducted,howuniquedoyouperceive thesubjecttechnologytobe?Dosimilarorsubstitutetechnologiesexist?Ifso,please provideexamples. Answer:Thetechnologyisasoftwaretoolthathelpsmobilephoneuserstextmessage otherusers,especiallyinlanguagesotherthanthosewithLatinbasedcharactersets.It usespredictivealgorithmstohelpguesswhatletterswillcomenext.Italsonatively supportsnonArabiccharactersets.Onadditionalfeatureisthatthesoftwareperforms compressiononthemessagetoallowmanymorecharacterstobesent. Whileothertechnologiesdoexistthatprovidethesamecapability,theinnovators technologyappearstobeunique.Thetechnologyworksbypredictingthenextcharacterto betypedbasedonpreviouscharacters.Theexistingtechnologiesinthisspaceuse dictionariestoprovidewordsthatmatch,ortriestotranslatethewordfromEnglish.Other toolshelpdrawcomplexcharactersetslinebylineorusephoneticalphabetstosoundout words. Allofthesecanrequirealargenumberofkeypresses.Thetechnologyreviewedhereuses fuzzylogictypepredictiontechnologytoreducethenumberofkeypresses,andthetime requiredtotypetheword. 2.ProblemValidationBasedontheinterviewsyouconducted,howrealistheproblem statementthatthesubjecttechnologypurportstosolveoraddress.Didinterviewees perceivethattheproblemwasrealandhowbigofaproblemdidtheyperceiveittobe?

TechnologyNumber: TechnologyName: ReportAuthor: ReportDate:
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DST1078CleverTexting Answer:Thepeopleintervieweddidnothaveastrongbeliefthatthiswasasignificant problematpresentforIndia,butitcouldbein35years.Thereisaperceptionthat especiallyinthemajorcities,thattheusageofEnglishhasbeengrowingdramatically,and itisthepreferredlanguagefortexting.Ithasbeenhardgettingspecificdatathatiscurrent onthepercentageofthepopulationwhospeakEnglishinthecities,butoverallinIndia,it isaround20%accordingtothe2001Indiancensus. ThepeopleinterviewedbelievedthatthemajorcitieshadquitehighlevelsofEnglish usage,althoughfluencywasnothigh.Almostallpeoplewhograduatefromhigher educationspeakthelanguage,anditisgrowinginusageeachyear.However,thatdoes leavethevastmajorityoftheIndianpopulationwithoutabilitytoeasilytextmessageeach other.Asmobilephoneusageincreases(itisnowabout50%ofthepopulation),finding betterwaystotextmessagewillbecomemoreimportant. InChina,thesituationisevenmorecomplex.Thecharactersetismuchlarger,andmore cumbersome,butsomeinterestingworkaroundshavebeendeveloped.Peoplewillwrite phoneticspellingsofthewordsinLatincharacters,ortheywillusespecialsoftwarethat letsthemdrawoutthecharactersetwhichcanexceed22,000uniquecharacters.But, textingcontinuestogrow.In2008,approximately640millionpeoplehadmobilephones31. 2007,some429Billiontextmessagesweresent32 3.TechnologyValidation Basedonyourinnovatorinterview,whatisthetruedevelopmentandreadinessstateof thetechnology? Whatarethemaindevelopmentmilestonesremaining? Doyouperceivetheinnovatorhasthecapabilityandresourcestocompleteits development? Whatisyourperceptionthatthetechnologydoes,orwilldo,whattheinnovatorclaims? What3rdpartyvalidation(incl.independenttesting,pilot,customersusingit,reports,peer reviews,journalarticles&whitepapers)hasbeendoneandwhatweretheresultsor conclusion? Answer:thetechnologyisfullyfunctionalnow,andisdeployedasafreedownloadthat worksforashortperiodoftime.Theinnovatorshavewonawardsfortheapplication,and haveamoderatenumberofdownloads.Theyhavereleasedthesoftwareformultiple languagesnowwithsupportfor9Indianlanguages,and9internationallanguages(not includinganyChinesedialects) 4.IntellectualPropertyBarriersWereyouabletoidentifyanypotentialIPrelated barrierstomarketentry?Ifso,pleaseelaborate. Answer:Theredonotappeartobecompetitorsinthisspacethatusetheexactsame methodusedbytheinnovators.TheinnovatorshavebothanIndianPatentandaPCT patentapplicationinprocess.Otherpatentsexistfordifferentmethodsofpredictive typing.
31 32
http://mic.iii.org.tw/english/Store/en_3_mic_store_1_2_1.asp?doc_sqno=7429 http://blogs.techrepublic.com.com/technews/?p=1755

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DST1078CleverTexting Oneoftheintervieweesmentionedthatpatentprotectionwouldbecriticalasthis technologywouldnotbehardtoduplicate.Aconcernisthatthetargetmarketcountries arenotoriouslyindifferenttointellectualpropertyprotection,soitmaybehardtoprotect theIP. 5.MarketPotential/InterestBasedontheinterviewsthatyouconducted,wereyou abletoidentifythelevelofmarketpotentialthatthesubjecttechnologypossesses?Did youuncoveranyspecificpartieswhomaybeinterestedinfurtherdiscussionsregarding thetechnology?Ifso,pleaseprovidecontactinformationbelow. Answer:Themarketpotentialfortheproductdoesseemquitehigh.Itoffersaunique approachtoreducingthenumberofkeystrokes,althoughitsaccuracyhasnotbeen independentlyverified.ThemarketinIndiaseemslikeithasgoodpotentialintheshort term,butinthenext3to5years,thiscouldgrowconsiderablyandmoremobilephones moveoutsidethemajorcitieswhereEnglishusagedropsconsiderably. ThelargermarketappearstobeinChinawheresomelanguageshaveover20,000 charactersinsomecasesmaketextingchallenging,althoughcertainlynotan insurmountablebarrier.TheinventorsdonothaveaMandarinversionoftheapplication, buttheyareresearchingthearea. 6.KeyFindingsPleaseenteranykeyfindingsfromyourinterviewsthatwillhelptheIC2 commercializationteamtodeterminetheviabilityofthesubjecttechnologyasacandidate forfurthercommercialization. Thetechnologyiscompleteandworkswellnow Initialresponsefromcustomershasbeenveryhigh Thereisnoindependentverificationoftheaccuracyofthepredictivealgorithms Themarketneedrightnowisgood,buthasevenmoresignificantpotentialinthe future IPprotectionwillbecriticaltothesuccessofthisventureasthecosttoduplicatethe technologyisverylow 7.ValidationRatingPleaseplaceanXintheappropriateboxbelowthatdescribesyour overallratingofthesubjecttechnology. 0Technologypossessesinsurmountableobstaclestofurthercommercialization. 1Technologyhassignificantobstaclestocommercialization. 2Technologyhassomeobstaclestocommercializationanddoubtshavebeen expressed. 3IndeterminateCommercializationpotentialwasunclearfromvalidationinterviews. Additionalresearchwillberequired. 4Commercialpotentialhasbeenvalidatedthroughinterviews.Further x commercializationisrecommended. 5.Furthercommercializationisstronglyrecommended. 8.FinalCommentsPleaseaddanyadditionalcommentsthatregardingyour recommendation. Comments:Thistechnologyhasconsiderablemarketpotentialandappearstonicelysolve

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DST1078CleverTexting aproblemthatpeopleinnonwesternculturesarehavinginadoptingmobiledevices.The keymarketsappeartobeChinaaswellasIndia. Thetechnologyiscompleteandhasbeendeployedinmanydifferentlanguages. Thousandsoftrialversionshavebeendownloaded.Thebiggestobstacleisthatreverse engineeringthetechnologyorwritingasimilartechnologyfromscratchwouldnotbe difficult,andgiventhelackofenforcementoptionsaroundIPtheftinmanyofthetarget markets,itmaybehardtomakemoneyfromit.Itwouldthereforebenecessarytosell thistothehandsetmanufacturers,andnetworkproviderswhowouldlikelybemore respectfulofIPprotection.But,thatwouldbecontingentonthesecompaniesnotbeing abletocreateasolutionthemselvesthattheycouldpatent.
TechnicalDescriptionDetail
LunaErgonomicsstudiesthecorpusoflanguages(corpuslinguistics)whichcontaintherules bywhichanaturallanguageisgoverned.33Accordingtotheiranalysis,thewordsusedin mostlanguagesfallwithinanarrowspectrumofpopularphonemesandsyllablesusedin thatlanguage.Thesoftwarethiscompanydevelopedusesstatisticalprobabilitiesofthe constructofthelanguagetopredictthenextcharacterauserwillneedastheycomposea message.34Competitorsolutionsuseadictionarysystemtopredictthenextwordtheuser mayneed.Astheusertypes,theentriesarecomparedtowhatisstoredinthedictionaryto suggestthewordtheuserneeds.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_linguistics CleverTextingwhitepaper, http://www.clevertexting.com/downloads/CleverTexting_Whitepaper.pdf

34

33
52
Why CleverTexting works for all languages of the world
One percent of possibilities make up 90% of all occurences

AccordingtoLunaErgonomics,1%ofallthepossiblechoicesrepresent90%ofallactual occurrencesinthewaymostlanguagesareused.Thatmakesitpossibletomoreaccurately predictthenextcharacterauserwillneedastheycomposeamessage.Thegraphshows theprobabilitiesforEnglish.Similarcurveshavebeendevelopedforalllanguagesstudied. Characterswiththehighestprobabilitiesofbeingwhattheuserwantstoenternextare presentedonthescreenofthecellphone.Thecharactersaremappedtothekeypadsothe useronlyhastopressasinglekeytoenteranycharacter.Mostothersystemsrequire multiplekeypressesformanyindividualcharacters. WhatisdifferentaboutCleverTextingisthatitdecouplesthecharactersfromthekeypad. WithCleverTexting,theuserdoesnothavetorememberwhichcharactersareassignedtoa specifickey.Instead,CleverTextingassignscharacterstokeysbasedontheprobabilitythat aspecificcharacteristhenextonetheuserneeds. Withonly12keysavailable,onetoonemappingsbetweenkeysandcharactersarenot practical.Therearenotenoughkeysinanumerickeypadforeverycharacterinany languagetohaveadedicatedkeyforeachcharacter.CleverTextingtechnologymakesit easiertoentertextusinga12buttoncellphonebecausecharactersarenolongerassigned tospecifickeys. Thecoreissueisthatexistingdataentrymethodsrequiretheusertopressaspecifickeyor aspecificsequence(sometimesfiveorsixkeypresses)tocallupthenextletterorcharacter. WithCleverTexting,theuserdoesnothavetorememberwhichcharactersareassignedtoa specifickeyoracomplicatedkeypresssequence.Instead,CleverTextingmapscharacters tokeysbasedonprobabilities.

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DST1078CleverTexting Insteadofthekeysonthedevicebeingdedicatedtoaparticularcharacter,CleverTexting softwareassignscharacterstodifferentkeys,placingthemwheretheyareeasiestforthe usertoreachthem.Theuserispresentedwiththecharacterstheyaremostlikelytoneed next,placedinthemostergonomicallyefficientlocationonthekeypad. LunaErgonomicsanalyzedhowusersentertextonatraditionalcellphonewithanumeric keypadtoevaluatehowtextisentered.Deviceslikethisaretypicallyheldinonehandwith thethumbbecomingtheprimarydigitusedtopresskeys.Whenheldintherighthand,the mostergonomicallycomfortablekeytopressistheoneinthetopleftpositionwherethetip oftherightthumblands.Fromhere,Lunadeterminedtheorderofthemostergonomically comfortablekeypositionsforeachhand. Theillustrationontherightshowsthe mostergonomicallycomfortablekey accessforthethumbwhenusingthe righthand. Illustrationsbelowshowthemost ergonomicallycomfortablekeypositions foreachhand. Orderofkeyswhenphoneisheldinleft hand. Orderofkeyswhenphoneisheldinright hand
Usersmaketheirnextselectionsbylookingatthescreen,andpressingthecorresponding keysonthedevice.Thescreenbecomesamapofwhichcharacterswillbeenteredasthe userpresseseachkeyonthenumerickeypad. Thisinformationisusedbythesoftwaretodeterminethepositioneachcharacteris mappedtoonthekeypadinorderofprobabilities.Thetwelvemostlikelynextcharacters aremappedontothescreen.Ifthetwelvechoicesdonotpredictthenextcharacter needed,theusercanscrolltothenexttwelvecharactersintheprobabilityanalysis.This enablesuserstoenteranywordinthelanguage,enterpropernames,acronyms,slangand newwordswithoutrestrictions.

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DST1078CleverTexting Theapplicationtakesintoaccountindividuallettersenteredaswellaspartialwords.Clever Textingusesstatisticalprobabilitiesthatconsiderhowthelanguageisused,suchas: Charactersmostlikelytobeginaword o InEnglish,thelettereisthemostfrequentlyoccurringcharacter (occurring10%ofthetime),butitisnotinthefirstsetofmostlikely characterstostartaword Charactersaremostlikelytobeginawordwhenthelastwordendsinaparticular character Charactersmostlikelytofollowdifferentcombinationsofcharacters o Forexample,enteringtheletterCpresentsonesetofoptions.Entering thenextletterasLpresentsanewsetofoptionstofollowthe combinationCL. Uponopeningtheapplication,thefirstcharacterspresentedtotheuseraretheonesmost likelytostartanewwordinthatlanguage.Inthefollowingexample,asentenceisalready started.ThisillustrationisbasedontheergonomicversionofCleverTexting.(Mapping versionoptionsaredescribedafterthisexample.) Thesescreenshotsshowthestartofasentence traditionallyusedinEnglishtypingclasses. Thequickbrownfoxjumpedoverthelazydog. Inthisscreen,noticethattheletterfisinthemost convenientspotforusersenteringtextwiththeright hand.Thethumbpositionisshownwithafingerprint overthenumber1key. Aftertheuserstrikesthenumber1totypetheletter f,thenextletterneededtocontinuethemessageis thelettero.Oisplacedinthenumberoneposition. Notethatinthepriorscreentheletterowasmapped tothelowerrightkey.Otherhighlikelihoodlettersare groupedaroundthetopleft.
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DST1078CleverTexting Aftertheuserstrikesthenumber1keytotypethe lettero,anewsetofchoicesisdisplayed.Thesystem predictsthatthenextmostcommonlyusedletter neededisr,whichwouldcompletethewordfor,a commonwordintheEnglishlanguage.Tocontinuethis message,theuserneedstotypetheletterx.Xis foundonthebottomleftkey. Theapplicationpredictsasetofthemostlikelycharacterstheuserwillrequirednext,based onthepreviouscharactersentered,andpresentsthemonthescreen.Theycanscrollto thenextsetofmostlikelyneededcharactersifthefirstsetdoesnotcontainthecharacter theyneed.Asinglestrokeisrequiredtoentereachcharacter.Usershavetheoptionof enteringaspace,ashiftmethodforcapitalization,andcanscrolltoapageofpunctuation forthelanguagetheyareusing. CleverTextingisofferedinseveraldifferentkeypadmappingversions. Ergonomiccharactersaremappedtothemostergonomicallycomfortable positionsfirst,inorderofprobability;minimizesthenumberofseparatekeysto press. NearestKeycharactersaremappedtotheclosestkeytothelastkeypress.The nextkeymayactuallybethesameasthelastkeytheusermaybeabletopress thesamekeymorethanoncetoentersubsequentdesiredletters;minimizes movementofthethumb. Legacyallcharactersaremappedtosamekeystheyareassignedtoinexistingtext methodsystems;foruserswhohavelearnedtheassignedpositionsofexisting systemsanddonotwanttochange. LegacycolormodelettersaremappedtothesamekeysasLegacymodeunless morethanonecharacterispartofthecurrentsetofmostprobablenextcharacters. Charactersmappedtoadifferentkeyarepresentedinadifferenttextcolortoalert theusertothechange. ForadynamicpresentationofallversionsofCleverTextinginEnglish,seethePCbased demowebsiteatthefollowinglink:http://www.clevertexting.com/applet/ CleverTextingandthePaniniKeypadcanbedownloadedandinstalledonJavabasedNokia phonesatseveralwebsites: http://www.clevertexting.com/Downloads.php http://www.paninikeypad.com/content/downloads.html
http://www.getjar.com/mobileallapplicationsfornokia 5130xpressmusic/clevertexting/?o=bestmatch
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GLOBALLANGUAGES
CleverTextinghasbeendevelopedforelevenIndianlanguagesandnineotherlanguagesof theworld.LunaErgonomicsispresentlydevelopingCleverTextingforthewrittenKorean language,Hangul.TheyplantoaddressChineseandJapanesenext. IndianLanguages OtherLanguages InDevelopment Planned
Hindi Bengali Telugu Marathi Tamil Gujarati Kannada Malayalam Oriya Punjabi Assamese English Spanish Portuguese Arabic Hebrew Swahili Russian Finnish French Korean Chinese Japanese
CleverTextingtechnologymakesiteasiertotypeinanylanguageonadevicewitha keyboardthatdoesnothaveenoughkeysforallthecharactersofthealphabetorlanguage beingused.Sinceitdoesnotrelyonkeyshavingspecificcharactersassignedtothem,the softwarecanpresenttheuserwiththenextmostlikelycharacterneeded,basedonthe analysisofthecorpusofthelanguage. Combinationsofalphabets,amixofmultiplelanguagesandphoneticapproximationshave beenusedtoaddressthefundamentalproblemforenteringdataintocomputersformany Asianmarketlanguages.ManyuseaphoneticapproximationbasedonRomancharacters. Usersenteraphoneticspellingandthesoftwaresuggestswhatcharactertheuseristrying toenter. Forexample,inChina,alanguageknownasPinyinhasbeenestablishedasastandard. Pinyinisasimplified,RomanizedvariationofChinesecharactersthatusesphonetic approximationstoenableentryintocomputers.Theuserentersthephonetic approximation,andthecomputerselectsorpredictsthecharacterstheuserwantstouse. ForalanguagesuchasMandarin,thiscouldbefromacharactersetaslargeas3000 characters.Inothersystems,usersenterkeysequencesthatrepresentpenstrokesfor buildingacharacter.Thesoftwareinterpretsthesekeypressesintotheintendedcharacters
BUNDLEDPRODUCTANDTRANSLITERATIONFEATURE
TheelevenIndianlanguagesimplementedinCleverTextinghavebeenbundledintoa productcalledthePaniniKeypad.35Userscanselectthelanguagetheyprefertousefor sendingandviewingtextmessages.Thisimplementationoffersafeatureknownas transliteration.Transliterationallowsamessagesendertocomposeamessageinone Indianlanguagewhilethereceivercanviewthemessageinadifferentpreferredlanguage. ThereceivermustalsohavethePaniniKeypadinstalledontheirphonetoselecttheir preferredviewinglanguage.
NamedforanancientIndianSanskritgrammarian; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C4%81%E1%B9%87ini

35
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DST1078CleverTexting Transliterationisnotthesameastranslation.Itisofaphoneticwaytopresentwordsfrom onelanguagethatcanberecognizedbysomeonewhospeaksanotherlanguage. Transliterationtranslatesindividualwords,whiletranslationtranslatesmeaning.36Withthe PaniniKeypad,userscanconvertfromHindioranyotherIndianlanguagetoEnglish (Roman)scriptbutnotfromEnglishtoanyIndianlanguage.
SMARTPHONESANDTOUCHSCREENSUPPORT
Smartphonesoffermanydifferentconfigurationsovertraditionalcellphonedevices.Some offerminiature,modified,mechanicalQWERTYkeyboardsandvaryfromonedeviceto another.SmartphonesusuallyusetheQWERTYkeyboardforbothphoneandtextentry functions.Specifickeysaredesignatedasthenumerickeypadforphonefunctions.
Differentcolorsorhighlightingonthekeyshelpsusersdifferentiatebetweentextand phonenumberentries.Thesekeyboardsstillrequiretheusertopressaspecifickeyor sequenceofkeystoenterspecificcharacters.Charactersarestilltiedtospecifickeys. ThecurrentCleverTextingsolutionsupportstouchscreenswhicharewidelyusedin smartphones.Thistechnologycouldchallengevirtualkeyboardsusedonthesedevices.The CleverTextingscreencantakeuplessspaceonthescreenthanavirtualQWERTYkeyboard. Alternatively,theCleverTextingscreencouldbepresentedinalargersizeonasmartphone toimprovevisibility.
Translationcouldbedevelopedbyleveragingwebbasedtranslationserviceswidelyavailableon theInternet.Translationcapabilityisnotpartofthecurrentsolution.

36
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DST1078CleverTexting CleverTextingworksthesamewayon smartphonesasitdoesontraditionalcell phones.Userscantakeadvantageofthe designatednumericentrykeysonthedevice. Withtouchscreenmodels,userscanenter charactersbytouchingtheonscreenkeypad mapinsteadofthemechanicalkeys. Thevarietyofconfigurationsavailablefor smartphonesmeansusersmayphysically handlethesedevicesdifferentlyfrom traditionalcellphones.Thepresenceofa touchscreenandavirtualkeyboardorkeypad onthesedeviceswillinfluencehowusers interfacewiththedevice.
Forexample,someusersmayholdthedevicewithtwohandsandusetwothumbstoenter data.Othersmayholdthedeviceinonehandandusetheirfingersorastylusfromtheir otherhandtopressthekeys.Dependingonthesizeofthedevice,andthesizeofthehand, someusersmaystillbeabletoholdthesmartphoneinonehandandusethethumbofthe samehandtopressthekeys.
COMPRESSIONFEATURE
CleverTextingenablescompressionofSMSmessaging.Compressionallowsuserstosend moretextinastandardSMSmessageforthesamecost.Thereceivermustalsohavethe PaniniKeypadinstalledontheirdevicetobeabletodecompressandreadtextmessages compressedonthesendingside.MessagesinIndianlanguagescanbecompressedupto 300%.Englishandotherlanguagescanbecompressedupto50%.Mixedlanguage messagesarecompressedwithbothvariableandfixedbitencoding.Compressedmessages alsoofferahigherdegreeofconfidentialityduringtransmission.
COMPUTERAPPLICATIONS
CleverTextingontraditionalcomputers,kiosks,andtabletPCsalsoholdsomeopportunity. BothMicrosoftandIntelaretalkingwithLunaErgonomicsaboutlicensingtheirtechnology tohelpincreasePCpenetrationinIndia.IndiacouldbecomeatestinggroundforClever TextinginPCapplications. Sharedcomputersinpublicspaces,likeATMmachinesandinformationkiosks,couldhave expandedusewithonscreentextentryusingexistingnumerickeypads.Personal computerandwebapplicationsmayalsobeabletobenefitfromCleverTexting.This technologycoupledwithtouchscreenscoulddrivecomputeradoptioninunderdeveloped markets.TheemergingtabletPCmarketcouldalsobenefitfromthistechnology.Todays

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DST1078CleverTexting systemsuseexpensivedigitalpentechnology,butiPADtypedeviceswithtouchscreensare expectedtoalterthecompetitivelandscape. SeeAppendix1forfurtherdetails.
Limitations SOFTWAREIMPLEMENTATIONLAYER
ThecurrentembodimentofCleverTextingisimplementedattheapplicationlayerofthe cellphonesoftware.Itisnotpartoftheoperatingsystemofthedevice.CleverTextingcan onlybeaccessedforthemessagingapplication.Thephonelistandotherapplicationscan notaccessthefunctionality.Existingapplicationswouldhavetoberewrittentotake advantageofCleverTexting,andnewapplicationswouldhavetobewrittentoaccessthe applicationatthislayer.Withthisembodiment,cellphonesstillneedtoaccessexistingtext entrymethodsinthedeviceforotherapplications.Thiscouldresultinuserconfusion betweenapplicationsonthedevice.TherecommendedsolutionisforCleverTextingtobe integratedintocellphoneoperatingsystems.
DICTIONARIES
CleverTextingdoesnotuseastoreddictionarybutreliesonthestatisticalpredictionofthe nextcharactertheuserneedsbasedonwhathasalreadybeenentered.Accordingtothe innovator,probabilityofnextwordisafutureproductenhancementincludedinthepatent applicationclaimsbutnotinthecurrentembodiment.Usersfamiliarwithexistingtext messagingmethodsmaydependonthestoreddictionarymethod. Competitorsystemsusingpredictivetextmethodssuggestwordsasyouaretyping.Users canjustcontinuetypingorstopandevaluatethesuggestions.Theycanthenacceptor rejectthesuggestions.Formanywords,keypresssequencesareverysimilar;theymay differonlyinhowmanytimesaspecifickeyneedshouldbepressedtocalluptheright character.Iftheusermakesamistake,thedictionarysuggestionswillbecompletelywrong. Theuserhastobackupandcorrectthetext. Somepeoplefindthisfeaturehelpful;othersdonotlikethisfeatureatallbecausetheyfind thedictionarysuggestionsarefrequentlynotwhattheywanttotype.Somephonesenable theusertoswitchoffthepredictivetextdictionary. Intextmessagingthereisahigherincidenceofpropernounsforthingslikethenamesof peopleandplaces.Aregularworddictionarymayhavelessvalueintextmessaging.Some systemslearnfromwhattheusertypes,butCleverTextingdoesnotfunctionthisway.This technologydoesnotbuildauserdictionary.Theinnovatorsaystheycouldbuildastand alonetableoffrequentlyusedwordsifitissomethingcustomerswant.Interestforthis capabilityshouldbetestedwithusersofCleverTextingtoseeifdemandexists. Rigoroustestingofthistechnologycomparedtoexistingmethodsneedstobeconductedto determineifusersfindCleverTextingbetterthancurrentsolutions.Userswillhaveto

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DST1078CleverTexting changecurrentbehaviorstoadoptCleverTextingtechnology.Whethertheyarewillingto changedependsoniftheyfindthissystemoffersbenefitstheywantanddonotgetfrom currenttextentrymethods.
SCREENS
Sincethekeysaremappedtothescreendynamically,andeachkeycouldbemappedtoa differentcharacteroneachstroke,youmustlookatthescreenwhenyouentercharacters. Mostpeopledothisanyway,butsomepeoplearecomfortablewiththepositionofkeysand relyonthetactilefeedbacktheygetfromtheircurrentdevices.InterviewswithbothDavid PattersonandMarkVandenbrinkincludeanecdotalevidenceofAmericanteenagerstexting withoutlookingatthescreen.(Seetheinterviewsintheappendix.)Thelegacymode offeredinCleverTextingallowspeopletousetheapplicationwithcharactersassignedto keysthesamewayexistingsystemsassignthem.Whencharactersassignedtothesamekey arebothinthesameprobabilityset,theleastlikelycharacterismovedtoanadjacentkey andhighlightedinanothercolortoalerttheuserofitsalternatelocation. TodaysembodimentoftheCleverTextingmessaging applicationpresentsasinglelineoftextatthetopof thescreentoshowingthemessagebeingcomposed. Thisisplacedabovetheonscreenkeypadmap. Fortraditionalcellphones,usingCleverTextingfor applicationsotherthantextmessaging,thekeypad mapwillhavetocompeteforspaceonthescreenwith theotherapplications.Carefulplanningwillhaveto comeintoplayforsharingthisspaceortoggling betweentheapplicationscreenandthekeypadmap. Fordeviceslikesmartphoneswithlargerdisplays,the CleverTextingkeypadmapmayneedlessspacethana virtualkeypad.
CompetitiveTechnologies
Manyotherdataentrytechnologiesexistsuchashandwritingrecognition.Synaptics,for example,hastheFlexpadFingerWritingsensorthatletsusersdrawcharactersacrossahard keypad.Thedevicesensestheshapeofthecharacterandentersitonthescreen.37Other vendorshavesystemsthattakeadvantageoftouchscreens,particularlyforsmartphone devices. Stillothertechnologiesaddressenteringdataintoelectronicdevices.Adigitalpenisan inputdevicewhichcapturesthehandwritingorbrushstrokesofauser,anddigitizesthem
37
http://www.synaptics.com/solutions/products/flexpad

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DST1078CleverTexting sothattheymaybedownloadedtoacomputeranddisplayedonitsmonitor.38Tablet computerslikethosefromMotionComputingusedigitalpentechnology.
MARKETANALYSISDETAIL CompetitiveIssues
TheprimarycompetitorinthetextentrysoftwaremarketisNuanceCommunications. Nuancepresentlysupportsover73languagesandhasbeendeployedinover3billion phones.Theprimarytextmessagingsoftware,calledT939,wasinstalledin180phone modelsby2002.T9predictivetextsoftwareisavailablewithspecializedlanguageengines forAlphabetic,ChineseandJapaneselanguages.40 LicenseeshaveincludedNokia,Motorola,Ericsson,Samsung,Siemens,Acer,Amstrad, Arima,Benefon,DensoWirelessSystemsAmerica,Fujitsu,GigaTelecom,Hyundai Electronics,KyoceraWireless,LGElectronics,MagCom,MaxonTelecom,Mitsubishi,NEC, Optimay,Panasonic,Pantech,Philips,Sagem,Sanyo,Sendo,Sewon,Shintom,Sony, StandardTelecom,SymSystems,Telit,Toshiba,WorldMandVoxson. AcoinventorofT9hasintroducedanewtechnologycalledSWYPE.WithSWYPE,usersdo nothavetopresseachkey.Insteadtheydragtheirfingeracrossakeyboardandthe softwarepredictswhatwordtheywanttoenter.Thepredictivetextsoftwareusesastored dictionarylikeitspredecessor.SWYPEisalreadybeingdeployedinAndroidbased smartphonesmanufacturedbySamsung.41 Manyhandsetmanufacturersuseaproprietarytextentrysystem,particularlyiftheyare usingahomegrownRTOS(realtimeoperatingsystem).Forexample,theMotorolaLexicus DivisionsuppliesthecompanywithasystemcallediTAP.Somephones,liketheRAZR,have adifferenttextentrymethodfordifferentapplications.(SeeAppendix6formore competitors.) Voiceorspeechrecognitiontechnologiesarealsousedtointerfacewithelectronicdevices. Somedevicescanbetrainedtorecognizevoicecommandstocallupspecificdeviceactions (callhome).VoicetotextsoftwareisavailableforthePC,butitsperformanceisnot robustenoughtogeneratewidespreadadoption.
38 39
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_pen T9standsforTexton9keys.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T9_(predictive_text) 40 http://www.nuance.com/t9/textinput/ 41 http://www.wirelessandmobilenews.com/2009/12/reviewsamsungomniaiischi920verizon reviewofreviews.html

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KeyChallenges
Forlowendphoneswithfewfunctionsandlimitedapplications,manufacturershave traditionallyusedahomegrownRTOS(realtimeoperatingsystem)orimplementedJavain theirplatforms.Asthemarketmovestoconvergedmobiledevices,alsoknownassmart phones,theoperatingsystembecomesmoreimportant. Themajorchallengeforthistechnologyisthatexistingcompetitorsareheavilyentrenched inexistingdevices.Theoperatingsystemmarketforhandsetshasbecomeincreasingly competitive.SmartphonesarerapidlybecomingtheprimarydeviceforInternetaccess aroundtheworld.InsomemarketsitistheonlydeviceusershavetoaccesstheInternet. Thehandsetmarketisbeingpolarizedbythesmartphonerace.Insteadofarangeofgood, better,bestproducts,themarketisshiftingtotwomaincategorieslowendcellphones andfullfeaturedsmartphones.Lowendphonesaresoinexpensivetomaketheyare approachingdisposablecostsstructureswith$10billsofmaterialandtinymargins.Thereis noprofitinthem.Smartphonesarealsobecomingcheaptomakebecauseallthe innovationisinthesoftware.Somesellforaslittleas$79.99intheUS.Highenddevices liketheiPhonewillfinditdifficulttomaintainmarginsasmoremanufacturersbringdevices tomarket.Thevalueistransitioningfromthehandsettothevalueaddedapplications. MajorbrandshaveoutsourceddesignanddevelopmentoflowendphonestoODMs (originaldesignmanufacturers)inplaceslikeShenzhen,ChinaorinTaiwanwhere developmentandmanufacturingcostsarelowest.Thismeanstheinnovatormayneedto workwithbothODMsandmanufacturersforCleverTextingtobeadoptedincellphones. TypicallylargeOEMsthatbuyphonesfromODMshaveaspecthatdefineswhat thelookandfeelofthephoneissupposedtobe.TheODMwillthenbuildmockups ofvariousphonedesignsandpresentthemtotheOEMforapproval.Sincethe OEMsalreadyhaveafewkeyODMpartners,theODMshavealreadydevelopedthe vastmajorityoftheusersoftware.TheODMsusuallyworkcloselyenoughwiththe OEMstoalsounderstandthetypesofnewfeaturestobeaddedovertime.The ODMsarealwayslookingforvalueaddthingstooffertheOEMsandwillbe developingnewcapabilitiestheyfeelarelikelytobeadopted. DavidPatterson,FreescaleSemiconductor Symbianisthemostwidelydistributedoperatingsystemintheindustrytoday.TheSymbian FoundationusedtobepartoftheNokiaCorporation,andistheOSusedinNokiahandsets. Nokiaisthenumberonehandsetmanufacturerintheworld. Thecompetitivelandscapeforoperatingsystemsinthesmartphonemarketcouldbe significantlydifferentthaninthetraditionalcellphonemarket.Majormanufacturersand softwarevendorsarefightingfordominanceinthesmartphonemarketandchallenging Symbiansposition.
Worldwide Share of Smartphone Sales to End Users by Operating System

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2008 52.4% 16.6% 8.2% 11.8% 7.6% 0.5% N/A 2.9% 2009 46.9% 19.9% 14.4% 8.7% 4.7% 3.9% 0.7% 0.6%
Symbian Research in Motion iPhone OS Microsoft Windows Mobile Linux Android WebOS Other OSes
Gartner Research - http://java.dzone.com/news/mobile-os-rankings-2009
ThecurrentembodimentofCleverTextingisalightweight(smallmemoryrequired)Java basedapplicationofabout500Kbinmemorysize.Theinitialimplementationwaswritten fortheapplicationlayerofJavabased,traditionalcellphonesontheNokiaplatform.Atthe applicationlayer,CleverTextingcanonlybeaccessedbythetextmessagingapplicationit wastargetedfor.OtherapplicationswouldhavetobewrittentoaccesstheCleverTexting functioninordertomakeuseofit. ExistingapplicationsarenotlikelytoberewrittentoleverageCleverTexting.Userscould copytextwritteninCleverTextingtopasteintootherapplications,butitwouldbeaclumsy process.TheresultisthatphoneswithCleverTextinginstalledattheapplicationlayer wouldhavemorethanonetextentrymethodfordifferentapplications.Thisislikelytolead touserconfusion. TodaysimplementationcanbedownloadedfromseveralsitesontheInternet.The softwareisinstalledattheapplicationlayerofthecellphonesonatrialbasis.Clever TextingonlyrunsonJavaNokiaplatformphonesonGSMnetworkstoday.Thesoftwarecan onlybeusedbythetextmessagingapplicationofthephone.UsersneedaPCtodownload theapplication.InruralmarketsinIndia,wherePCownershipislow,localretailersprovide aninstallationserviceforasmallfee. TheinnovatorsgoalisfortheCleverTextingdataentrysolutiontobeadoptedformore thantextmessagingapplications.Toaccomplishthisgoalthetechnologyneedstobe integratedattheoperatingsystemlevel. OTHERAPPLICATIONS Otherelectronicequipmentandhandhelddeviceswithadisplayandakeypadcould representalternativedevicecategoriesforenteringtextwithCleverTexting.Televisionset topboxes,gamecontrollersandremotecontroldevicesforaudioandvideoequipmentare somepotentialdevicecategories.Commercialequipmentformanufacturingand monitoringdevicesrepresentadditionaldevicecategoriesforCleverTexting.Further researchtoquantifythesemarketsshouldbeconducted.
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ClaimsforLUNAERCONOMICSIndiaPatentApplication(Suppliedbytheinventor)
Systemandmethodsfortextinputfortouchtypabledevices 1. Atouchtypabledeviceforacceptingdesiredtextualinputfromausercomprising:a movablekeymaskcomprisingofapluralityofcellsmappedwithoneormorekeysoftext inputkeypadofsaidtouchtypabledevice,whereineachofsaidpluralityofcellsofsaid movablekeymasksuperimposesovertextualinputchoicesenablingsaidusertoselectsaid desiredtextualinputfromsaidpluralityofcellsofsaidmovablekeymaskusingsaidtext inputkeypadofsaidtouchtypabledevice. 2. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim1,whereinsaidmovablekeymaskispositioned ondisplayofsaidtouchtypabledevice. 3. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim1,whereinsaidtextualinputchoicesare chosenaftereveryuserinputfromasetoflikelyandvalidinputchoices,whereinsaidlikely andvalidinputchoicesareselectedbasedononeormoreofprevioustextualinput sequence,phonemeandsyllabarypatterns,statisticalcorrelationbetweensaidprevious textualinputsequenceandsetoftextualinputchoices,dictionarylookups,andusage patternsofsaiduser. 4. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim3,whereinsaiduseraccessesasecondsetof saidtextualinputchoicesonsaidmovablekeymaskfromsaidsetoflikelyandvalidinput choicesusingsaidtextinputkeypadofsaidtouchtypabledeviceincasesaiddesiredtextual inputisnotpresentinsaidtextualinputchoices. 5. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim3,whereinsaidtextualinputchoiceschosen fromsaidsetoflikelyandvalidinputchoicesaresuperimposedonsaidmovablekeymask basedononeormoreofphysicalaccessofsaidusertosaidpluralityofcellsofsaidmovable keymask,persistenceofsaidtextualinputchoiceonsaidmovablekeymask,assignmentof mostlikelytextualinputchoicesonpreviouslyaccessedcell,layoutofsaidtextualinput choicesonsaidtextinputkeypadofsaidtouchtypabledevice,andnearnesstolastkey used. 6. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim1,whereinsaidmovablekeymaskis superimposedoveracharactermapcomprisingofsaidtextualinputchoices,further whereineachofsaidpluralityofcellsofsaidmovablekeymasksuperimposesoveratextual inputchoiceofsaidcharactermap. 7. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim6,whereinsaidmovablekeymaskisnavigated overthesaidcharactermaptoaccesssaidtextualinputchoicesusingsaidtouchtypable device. 8. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim1,whereinsaidmovablekeymaskisadjacentto acharactermapcomprisingofsaidtextualinputchoices,furtherwhereinsaidtextualinput choicesdisplayedinsaidmovablekeymaskaredynamicallychangedbasedonsaiddesired textualinputselectedand/orhighlightedbysaiduserinsaidcharactermap. 9. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim1,whereinsaiddesiredtextualinputis compressedbasedonstatisticalcorrelationbetweenpreviouslyenteredtextualinputs. 10. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim1,whereinsaidtextualinputchoicessupport oneormorelanguagesandarepositionedtoenablelanguageconvertibility. 11. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim1,whereinsaidtextualinputchoicescomprise ofoneormoreofalphabets,words,multilingualcharactersets,symbols,mathematical symbols,formulas,andengineeringcodes. 12. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim1,whereinsaidtouchtypabledevicecomprises ofoneormoreofmobilephone,personalhandyphonesystem(PHS),carphones,personal

65
digitalassistant,surfacecomputer,pocketbeepers,ATMs,STBs,touchscreenkiosks, gamingconsoles,andremotecontrolsfordisplaydevicessuchastelevisions. Amethodforacceptingdesiredtextualinputfromauserthroughatouchtypabledevice comprising:generatingamovablekeymaskcomprisingofapluralityofcellsmappedwith oneormorekeysoftextinputkeypadofsaidtouchtypabledevice, superimposingsaidpluralityofcellsofsaidmovablekeymaskovertextualinputchoices;and Receivingsaiddesiredtextualinputfromsaidpluralityofcellsofsaidmovablekeymask usingsaidtextinputkeypadofsaidtouchtypabledevice. Themethodofclaim13,whereinsaidmovablekeyisconfiguredtobepartiallyor completelydisplayedondisplayofsaidtouchtypabledevice. Themethodofclaim13,furthercomprisingallowingsaidusertoselectsaiddesiredtextual inputfromasecondsetoftextualinputchoicesbasedonwhethersaiddesiredtextualinput ispresentanddisplayedthroughsaidpluralityofcellsofsaidmovablekeymask,whereinif saiddesiredtextualinputisnotpresentanddisplayedthroughsaidpluralityofcellsofsaid movablekeymask,saidsecondsetoftextualinputchoicesaredisplayedthroughsaid pluralityofcellsofsaidmovablekeymaskusingsaidtouchtypabledevice. Themethodofclaim13,whereinsaidtextualinputchoicesaredynamicallychosenand displayedonsaidmovablekeymaskaftereveryuserinputfromasetoflikelyandvalidinput choices,whereinsaidlikelyandvalidinputchoicesareselectedbasedononeormoreof previoustextualinputsequence,phonemeandsyllabarypatterns,statisticalcorrelation betweensaidprevioustextualinputsequenceandsetoftextualinputchoices,dictionary lookups,andusagepatternsofsaiduser. Thetouchtypabledeviceasclaimedinclaim16,whereinsaidtextualinputchoiceschosen fromsaidsetoflikelyandvalidinputchoicesaresuperimposedonsaidmovablekeymask basedononeormoreofphysicalaccessofsaidusertosaidpluralityofcellsofsaidmovable keymask,persistenceofsaidtextualinputchoiceonsaidmovablekeymask,assignmentof mostlikelytextualinputchoicesonpreviouslyaccessedcell,layoutofsaidtextualinput choicesonsaidtextinputkeypadofsaidtouchtypabledevice,andnearnesstolastkey used. Themethodofclaim13,whereinsaidmovablekeymaskcanbescrolledtoenablesaiduser toaccesssaidtextualinputchoices.
13.
1. 2. 14. 15.
16.
17.
18.
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Appendix9ReportContributors
VickiLeonardoReportAuthor
VickiLeonardohasover20yearexperiencedrivingthemobile communicationsindustryevolutionfrompagerstocell phonestosmartphones.Shehasconductedover50primary marketresearchstudies,andmanagedresearchbudgetsup to$2millionforbothqualitativeandquantitativestudiesin theUS,EuropeandAsia.Herexperiencespansthehandset, softwareandsemiconductormarkets,conductingboth consumerandbusinesstobusinessstudiesonthreshold featuressuchastouchscreens,customringtones,text messagingandBluetoothconnectivity. VickicreatedtheBusinessIntelligenceofficeatMotorolasSemiconductorProductsSector inAustin,Texasin2002totrackindustryreportsfromGarner,InStat,IDC,Strategy Analytics,ABI,iSuppli,Frost&Sullivan,InformaTelecomsandothers.Shecontinuedto managetheBusinessIntelligenceofficethroughthe2004spinoffofMotorolas semiconductorbusinessintoFreescaleSemiconductor. FoundingthemarketresearchdepartmentatthePagingProductsGroupin1987,Vicki beganhercareeratMotorolainPlantation,Florida.Sheisanamedinventoronfive Motorolasoftware,securityanddesignpatents. Ms.LeonardohasaB.S.inProfessionalManagementandanMBAwithaMarketing SpecialtyfromNovaSoutheasternUniversity.
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7. Conductaseriesof comprehensive usabilitytestsforall languagessupported

GSMstandsforGlobalSystemforMobileCommunications,theleadingdigitalcellularstandardsin theworld.GSMisthedominantsignalingschemeinIndiawith79%ofsubscribersinthecountryona GSMsystem.NokiaisthedominantsuppliertotheGSMmarketwith56.8%ofunitshipments(57.3 millionperyear).

DST1078CleverTexting highendphonesaswellasentrylevelphonesandIndianmobileusersbought nearly700,000highend/smartphonesintheAprilJunequarter(2009).15 NewcomerMicromaxischallengingSamsungforsecondplaceinIndia.The companyshippedabout1millionhandsetsinJanuary2010.16

13.Writeaconciseparagraphthat describesthetechnologyintermsof whatitisandwhatitdoes,butnot howitdoesthis.(Donotincludeany proprietaryorconfidential information.)BeginwithThis technologyis

LinktoDemoSite PCbased,Englishdemoscreen:http://www.clevertexting.com/applet/ LinktoWhitePaper

LinkstoTechnologyDownloadSites http://clevertexting.com/Downloads.php http://www.paninikeypad.com/content/downloads.html

CleverTextingonYoutube.Com PRODUCTDEMOInnovatordemonstration,postedJune16,2009 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VJgR2nKggEI ETNOWstartinguponetnowtelevisionsegmenttargetinginvestors,postedNovember4, 2009 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iig_pGgDdmY

2.Ifno,isaprototypeimportantforthe markettosee? 3.Canonebeproduced? 4.Whencanonebeavailable? 5.Ifyes,towhatextentisitfunctional? 6.Isthereafinalizedproduct? 7.Whatstageindevelopmentisthe product? 8.Whatisneededtofinalizetheproduct?

15.Foradoptabilitybyendusers?How? Whatweretheresults? 16.Aretherecustomersorunitscurrently inservice?Whoandwhere? 17.Whathasbeentheexperience?

TheinnovatorshavebothanIndianPatent andaPCTpatentapplicationinprocess. Otherpatentsexistfordifferentmethodsof predictivetyping.

DST1078CleverTexting 10.Haveanypapersorpresentations providingdetailedexplanationofthe technologybeenmadepublicly?Ifso, when? NokiaGlobalInnovationcontest September,2009 WinnerofJudgesChoiceawardasaMobile NecessityforEmergingMarkets.

3.4Howistheproblemsolved today? 3.5Howisthesubjecttechnologya bettersolution?(Quantifyif cheaper,howmuchcheaper,etc.)

LunaErgonomicsPvtLtd KodiakNetworks Ericsson IndependentUsability Consultant Frost&Sullivan

LunaErgonomicsPvtLtd FreescaleSemiconductor MotionComputing Samsung Telecommunications America iTusavvy, LLC

TransliterationisonlyavailablebetweentheIndianlanguagestoday,butcouldbedoneforother languagesifthereisdemandforit.WithapplicationsleveragingtheInternet,translationcouldalso beaccomplished.

http://java.sun.com/aboutJava/communityprocess/final/jsr037/index.html. http://opensource.motorola.com. 27 http://news.softpedia.com/news/NokiaSamsungInvest56MillioninSwype129834.shtml, http://www.swypeinc.com/news.html

IDC http://www.idc.com/getd oc.jsp?containerId=22242 6

Handset manufactureowned solutions Otherindependent solutions

Synaptics Phatware.com Voicetotext Nuancesupportsover 73languagesandhas beendeployedin over3billionphones.

Mobilephoneusers; manufacturers; systemoperators

NuancesT9isthe largestshare owner,basedon howmany companieshave licensedthe technology

Handsetsare purchasedthrough retailoutlets Systemoperators providemainlypre paidphoneservice viaretail.95%of subscribermarketis prepaid.

Moderate; DavidPatterson manufacturerscan interview;seeAppendix purchasestandardcell 5. phoneplatforms;new manufacturers provideexterior designs,brandname

OriginalDesign Manufacturers (ODM)maketheir designsavailable tomanufacturers

Whatarethekey differentiating featuresorsuccess factorsforthis market?

Dokeypatentsor otherIPdominate thismarketspace? Ifso,explainand reference.

Whatarekey strengthsand/or weaknessesof competitorsinthis market?

In2002,T9hadbeen installedin180 phonemodels

http://www.timewa rner.com/corp/new sroom/pr/0,20812,6 69152,00.html

Jawahar Kanjilal Aditya

O:+91(080)41 819999x7284 M:+91 9986073879 +9199535 56846

Srinivasa RaoMorla ChaturP Gadhia Anand Virani

Cell Phones Cell Phones

Srini Koppulu SACHIN KELKAR

Qualcomm O:+9122 IndiaPvt. 67041424 Ltd. M:+9193 24219557 Microsoft

Developm entfor CDMA platform IndiaPC Market IndiaPC Market

*Cell+91 9845357525 |*Work:+91 8025075367

TechnologyNumber: TechnologyName: ReportAuthor: ReportDate:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corpus_linguistics CleverTextingwhitepaper, http://www.clevertexting.com/downloads/CleverTexting_Whitepaper.pdf

One percent of possibilities make up 90% of all occurences

DST1078CleverTexting systemsuseexpensivedigitalpentechnology,butiPADtypedeviceswithtouchscreensare expectedtoalterthecompetitivelandscape. SeeAppendix1forfurtherdetails.

DST1078CleverTexting changecurrentbehaviorstoadoptCleverTextingtechnology.Whethertheyarewillingto changedependsoniftheyfindthissystemoffersbenefitstheywantanddonotgetfrom currenttextentrymethods.

DST1078CleverTexting sothattheymaybedownloadedtoacomputeranddisplayedonitsmonitor.38Tablet computerslikethosefromMotionComputingusedigitalpentechnology.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_pen T9standsforTexton9keys.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T9_(predictive_text) 40 http://www.nuance.com/t9/textinput/ 41 http://www.wirelessandmobilenews.com/2009/12/reviewsamsungomniaiischi920verizon reviewofreviews.html

Gartner Research - http://java.dzone.com/news/mobile-os-rankings-2009

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