TELEPHONE SYSTEM

To establish a telephone system one requires instruments, exchange and a transmission channel. TX mission Channel
EXCHANGE EXCHANGE

An instrument is connected to other via local exchange. If two users are to be connected which are in range of two diff. exchanges, a reliable transmission channel is required over which voice signal can easily travel. # EXCHANGE-Electronic exchange is a block comprising of a CPU and controlling and interfacing cards. CPU processes the signal and data while the other cards interface with the peripherals. #INSTRUMENT-Is a transducer which converts voice signals into electrical and vice versa. #TRANSMISSION CHANNEL-This is a media which provides path for data transmission.

TELEPHONE SYSTEM in DMRC

To establish a communication link among the staff members, DMRC has installed a Telephone System comprising of Instruments, EPABX [Exchange] and FOTS [SDH].

There are two types of exchange used: 1. M2-14 cards can be feeded (in 0 shelf) 2. M3-28 cards can be feeded (divided in two shelfs 0 and 1). At every station either M2type or M3 type exchange is there. Power supply given to exchange is -48V dc from SMPS.

Different cards used in exchange:

1.

CPU card or RMA cardThis is the main card out of all cards used. This is connected to VT100 terminal on which programming is done for the desired work. It contains a Hard disc, RAM and a Hard key.
In M2 type system6th number slot is for main CPU card. 10th number slot is for redundant CPU card. In M3 type system20th number slot is for main CPU card. 6th number slot is for redundant CPU card.

2. Z-12 or Z-24 cardThis card is instrument-interfacing card used for Direct lines, Analog EPABX etc. 12 and 24 indicates the number of ports. These are analog cards.

3.

UA-16 or UA-32 [UA-Universal Addressing card] This card is used for Direct line consoles (for 600 series station). 16 and 32 indicates the number of ports. These are digital cards. PRA card (Primary Rate Access card)
This is used for exchange-to-exchange connectivity.

4. 5.

VGA card (Voice Guide Address card)

This is used for announcements and other special features.

6. GPA card (General Purpose Address card)

This is used for conferencing.

7. NDDI card (NonDigital Dialing Invert)

This is used for line interface with MTNL. One NDDI card can connect to 8 lines of another [MTNL] telephone service.

8. INTOF card
This is used in only M3 system for connecting two shelves 0 and 1.

9. MMSFD card (Mask Memory Storage Floppy Drive)

This is used to take configuration back up. This is a storage device that keeps the recrd of configuration of the system.

10. EMTL card

This is used for interfacing with 6 line private exchange.

11.

ATR2 card This is used for interfacing 8 line analog phones.

Stations connectivity:
Station 1 Station 2

SDH PRA
M2 Or M3

PRA DDF ODF ODF SDH DDF

M2 Or M3

DDF-Digital Distribution Frame SDH-Synchronous Digital Hierarchy ODF-Optical distribution Frame

Types of instrument used: 1. Digital: (work on 48-54V DC) a) Digital phone

b) Direct line console

2.

Analog: (work on 38-40V DC) a) Direct line phone b) Analog EPABX c) Analog feature phone

Numbering plan: 1. EPABX (Electronic Private Automatic Branch Exchange)

Two digit station code + three digit specific room no. E.g.: For 10500 number,

10 Station code

500 Specific room no.

2. Direct line
6 + two digit station code + two digit specific room no. E.g.: For 61050 number, 6 10 50

: Fixed

Station code

Specific room no.

Phones at a station :

EPABX

Main Distribution Frame

Intermediate Distribution Frame

PHONE

EXCHANGE IDF Connectivity MDF Exchanges in the of entire Network

EPABX exchanges are installed at each stations, OCC and wherever required. All the exchanges are connected to each other through FOTS [fibre optics transmission system] at PRA cards in such a manner that a large no. of rings are formed. This ring configuration keeps the connectivity even if any intermediate connection breaks. The system is equipped with automatic route selection provision and rout is selected such to provide the shortest path for the link.

Station code Station code

RMA-Remote maintainance Access

It is a monitor used for maintainance of local area telephone network. It is situated at OCC.