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GII PHP TNG TH TI U H THNG BMS t ng ta nhQUN HONG GIAs dng BMS ca siemens

Gii php do cc k s nhm Nng lng & Gii php TTNC-PT Tp on Qun Hong Gia ra, ly c s l thuyt cho vic xy dng h thng BMS ta nhQun Hong Gia

Thc hin chnh: K/S: MAI TRNG QUN

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Li ni u
Nc ta trong giai on hin nay c khong 90% s nh cao tng u c cc h thng c s h tng, h thng cung cp v thi nc, h thng cung cp in, h thng qut trn hoc iu ha v h thng bo chy. y l nhng ta nh loi thng thng. Khong 50% s ta nh c trang b h thng iu ha tp trung, h thng bo v v bo chy, h thng bo ng xm nhp v gim st bng camera nhng cha c h thng BMS. Tt c thit b ca cc h thng iu ha, bo chy,.. c iu khin ring bit, cc b iu khin ny khng trao i thng tin vi nhau, khng c qun l v gim st chung v phn qun l in nng th mi mc thp. y l nhng ta nh c h thng iu khin v gim st tp trung, nhng cha c h thng BMS. Khong 30% s ta nh c trang b h thng iu ha tp trung, h thng bo v v bo chy, h thng bo ng xm nhp v gim st bng camera c trang b h thng BMS. Tt c thit b ca cc h thng iu ha, bo chy, c iu khin ring bit v tch hp tng phn. H BMS cho php trao i thng tin, gim st gia cc h thng, cho php qun l tp trung. H BMS cho php qun l in nng mc cao. y l loi ta nh cao tng c trang b h thng t ng ha BMS. Tt c cc ta nh cao tng Vit Nam hin nay u khng c trang b h thng qun l ta nh thng minh. Khi c trang b h thng ny, tt c cc h thng iu ha, bo chy, ... c iu khin tp trung, tng tc bi h BMS. Cc h thng c tch hp y h thng thng tin, truyn thng v t ng ha vn phng. y l loi nh cao tng thng minh. Cn gi l cc ta nh hiu nng cao, ta nh xanh, ta nh cng ngh cao, ta nh c nhng chc nng c bit nh bnh vin, c quan trung ng, nh quc hi,... Vi cc con s trn, chng ta c th thy thc trng v h thng nh cao tng ca chng ta phn ln cha c trang b h thng BMS. Nu xt v mt cht lng v hiu nng s dng ca cc ta nh th cha t so vi yu cu t ra cho cc ta nh . Chng ta nu mt v d v mt cht lng v hiu nng s dng ca cc ta nh nh sau: Cc ta nh ti thiu phi c h thng cung cp nc, nhng h thng ny cha c trang b h thng BMS v tit kim in nng, do vy tin in s phi chi nhiu hn so vi nhng ta nh c trang b h BMS v h thng tit kim in nng. Do vy cht lng v hiu nng s dng l khng cao. Nu chng ta xt v mt kinh doanh th cc nh cao tng ny s khng c tnh cnh tranh v ng nhin l thua l.
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Qua phn tch thc trng v h thng qun l nh cao tng trn, chng ta thy tnh cp thit phi trang b cc h BMS cho ta nh iu hnh Qun Hong Gia. Ngy nay, cc ta nh cao tng khng ch t tiu ch din tch s dng m cn phi t tiu ch v tit kim in nng, t tiu ch v mi trng, tiu ch v tin nghi, tiu ch v h thng thng tin, tiu ch v an ninh, ... Thut ng BMS ra i vo u nhng nm 1950. V t ti nay n thay i rt nhiu k c trn phng din phm vi v cu hnh h thng. Cch thc lin lc ca h thng pht trin t i dy cng ti i dy hn hp (multiplex) v gi y l h thng hai dy lin lc s hon ton. EMS v BMCS pht trin t giao thc poll-response vi b x l iu khin trung tm ti giao thc peer-to-peer vi h thng iu khin phn tn. Cc h thng qun l ta nh BMS c pht trin v ng dng khong 20-30 nm tr li y da trn c s cng ngh t ng ha pht trin v tch hp tng th. H thng BMS ra i tr gip cho vic qun l cc ta nh rt hiu qu v kinh t. Tuy vn ban u u t cho thit b v cc phn mm qun l l khng nh, nhng so vi chi ph khai thc lu di th rt hiu qu v kinh t. Chng ta c th tham kho cc ta nh ln sn bay Stuttgart ca c, ta nh sinh thi B, nh bng Credit Suisse First Boston Anh, Capital tower v hng sn xut a cng Seagate Singapore... Cc ta nh ny c trang b h thng BMS ca Siemens v , ang c khai thc rt hiu qa v kinh t. Cc chc nng m t ton b tnh nng ca mt h thng BMS. Mt ta nh qun l t ng thng minh l phi c tt c cc tnh nng v bo ng v gim st, h thng qun l nng lng, h thng thng tin v truyn thng.

Cc thit b tham gia vo h thng BMS c chia lm 3 cp mng, cp di cng l cp cc tng ca ta nh, cp mng thhai l cp mng cho ta nh, cp mng th 3 l cp qun l ta nh v trao i thng tin vi cc ta nh khc v th gii bn ngai. Mt ta nh c trang b h thng c gi l ta nh thng minh, n c t ng ha tng th theo nhng ch tiu v tin nghi, v an ninh, v nng lng, v thng tin.

Mt s li ch ca h BMS c th k n l:
* Hot ng n gin hn vi nhng chc nng lp trnh lp i lp li thit lp ch vn hnh t ng * Gim thi gian hun luyn vn hnh vin nh cc hng dn v h tr trc quan trn mn hnh ha * p ng cc nhu cu ca ngi c ng v phn ng vi cc iu kin rc ri
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nhanh hn v hiu qu hn * Gim lng in nng tiu th thng qua kh nng iu khin qun l tp trung v chng trnh qun l in nng * Qun l c s/ti sn hiu qu hn nh cc bo co ghi li qu trnh hot ng, bo tr, v chc nng t ng gi cnh bo * Lp trnh linh hot theo nhu cu ca tng ta nh, t chc v yu cu m rng. * Nng cao hot ng nh tch hp phn mm v phn cng ca nhiu h thng ph nh iu khin s trc tip (DDC - Direct Digital Control), h thng bo chy, an ninh, iu khin truy nhp hoc iu khin nh sng.

Gii php mng APOGEE iu khin t ng ta nh ca siemens

H thng t ng ta nh APOGEE (EPOGEE Buiding Automation Systems) ca Siemens v thc cht l mt gii php tng th t ng v qun l ta nh BMS mt cch hon chnh. N c th thc hin cc chc nng sau: - Qun l h thng iu ho thng kh (HVAC): Qun l hot ng ton b h thng iu ho thng kh ca to nh t trung tm iu khin. Ton b bng biu, s nguyn l h thng, mt bng b tr thit b, thng s k thut, trng thi hot ng thit b ca h thng iu ho thng kh c th hin trn mn hnh my tnh gim st trung tm cho php gim st v iu khin mt cch trc quan. - Qun l h thng in: iu khin v gim st h thng cp in ngun, h thng chiu sng, cc my pht in d phng. - Qun l h thng camera gim st an ninh: Gim st an ninh cho php gim st, lu tr hnh nh v iu khin cc camera t my ch h thng BMS. - Qun l h thng kim sot ra vo: Gim st hot ng truy xut ti cc ca, phn quyn truy nhp, ra lnh ng hoc m trong tnh hung khn cp t my ch h thng BMS. - Qun l h thng h thng chng trm: Gim st v a ra tn hiu cnh bo trn my ch h thng BMS. - Tch hp h thng bo chy t ng: Gim st v pht tn hiu cnh bo trn my ch h thng BMS khi c s c chy n, ng thi pht tn hiu cnh bo qua h thng truyn thanh ni b PA, iu khin lin ng ti h thng iu ho khng kh hn ch chy lan truyn, ct in h thng in ngun v h thng in chiu sng, iu khin thang my m bo an ton v thot him cu nn. - Tch hp h thng cha chy t ng: Gim st ton b trng thi v iu khin hot ng ca cc bm cha chy, gim st trng thi hot ng ca h thng cha chy t ng, mc nc ti cc b cha nc. - Qun l h thng truyn thanh ni b PA: a ra cc cnh bo t ng (khi c s c k thut h thng hoc xy ra chy n) bi cc nhn vin k thut hoc t my ch h thng BMS khi c s c.
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- Qun l h thng thang my: gim st trng thi hot ng ca thang my bao gm nhit bung thang, nng Oxy bung thang, trng thi hot ng ca ng c, v tr thang my. iu khin lin ng ti thang my khi c s c chy n, iu khin on/off ng c thang my. - Qun l nng lng: Kim sot v lu tr cc thng s lng in nng, nhit nng v lng nc tiu th. Vi tnh chuyn nghip trong vn hnh iu khin cc to nh, h thng BMS thc hin c y cc nhim v iu khin vn hnh v qun l cc hng mc k thut trong to nh. y l mi trng thu nhn, qun l ton b cc thng s k thut ca thit b ca cc h thng kt ni ti. Thng qua trao i thng tin, BMS iu khin vn hnh cc thit b chp hnh hot ng ca tng h thng k thut khc nhau hot ng theo yu cu ca ngi qun l, m bo cc yu t k thut cng nh cc yu t an ton, an ninh v quan trng nht l tit kim nng lng vn hnh trnh cc lng ph khng cn thit, gim c cc chi ph vn hnh h thng nng cao c tnh ch ng ca ngi qun l h thng trong vn hnh bo dng sa cha nng cp v khc phc cc s c k thut Yu cu ca thit k h thng t ng ta nh Qun Hong Gia l phi c tnh mm do trong vic lin kt cc sn phm khc ca cc hng, phi c kh nng tch hp vi cc giao thc m ph bin trong cng nghip nh: LONmark, ModBus, P2, M-Bus, BacNet, EIB ph hp theo tiu chun ASHREA 135/1995 ca Hoa K. iu ny c th gii quyt c thng qua h thng EPOGEE (v kh nng m rng s c cp trong cc ni dung sau.) Cu trc ca h thng iu khin Siemens BMS l h thng c cu trc m v hon ton p ng c cc yu cu ca h thng BMS gim st k thut - iu khin ta nh ca Qun Hong Gia, cng nh p ng c cc yu cu v nng cp m rng trong tng lai. Vi cu trc m, giao thc m v c xy dng trn c s ca khoa hc cng ngh tin tin hin i nht hin nay, h thng iu khin t ng ha ta nh BMS cho php tch hp cc h thng k thut n l khc c s dng cc giao thc chun, v gip ngi qun l d dng trong qun l v vn hnh iu khin cc h thng k thut ta nh. H thng BMS ny v thc cht s c cu trc ca H thng iu khin phn tn DCS (Distributed Control System), phn mm iu khin ng vai tr giao din ngi my HMI (Human Machine Interface) gia my tnh iu khin vi cc b iu khin k thut s, h thng s hot ng n nh ti cc thit b iu khin s MBC (Moduler Building Controller), MEC (Moduler Equipment Controller), PXC (Programable Controller) cho d c cc gin on truyn thng trong mng iu khin hay c s c i vi cc my tnh iu khin ca h thng mng ti cp qun l iu khin ti phng iu khin trung tm (y l mt u th
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cc k quan trng trong vic m bo an ton hot ng ca h thng).

1.

Cu trc h thng BMS ta nh QUN HONG GIA :

Cu trc chung mng ca ta nh Qun Hong Gia:

Hnh 1.1. Trong cu trc trn c chia thnh 3 h tng mng c s: Field Level (cp trng), Automation Level (cp t ng),Management Level (cp qun l) vi tng ng l 3 cu trc mng: FLN - Floor Level Network (mng cp nn), BLN Building Level Network (mng cp ta nh), MLN - Management Level Network (mng cp qun l). Vi mi cp mng s kt ni vi cc thit b khc nhau v c chc nng khc nhau Cp FL c th kt ni v pht trin ti a vi 32 devices (thit b), cp AL pht trin c 100 controllers (b iu khin) v c kh nng kt ni ln ti 1000 b iu khin nu s dng cu trc mng peer to peer (im - im), cn cp ML lin kt c ti a 25 trm my tnh iu khin. Trn c s cu trc mng h tng nh trn. Sau y l h thng BMS iu khin v gim st ton b ta nh iu hnh Qun Hong Gia do nhm k s b phn Nng lng v gii php thuc TTNC-PT Tp on Qun Hong Gia a ra gii php nh sau:

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Hnh 1.2. Cu trc tng qut mng qun l ta nh BMS Cc thit b trong h thng c xem l mt node trn ton h thng mng Ethernet TCP/IP, chng c kt ni theo hnh thc im - im (peer to peer) cho php truyn c thng tin hai chiu download chng trnh iu khin v upload thng s h thng ti tng im iu khin m khng nh hng ti vic truyn thng tin ca b iu khin khc. Cho php lp trnh trc tuyn, t bt c b iu khin no cng c th truy cp c ti tt c cc im trong h thng. Sau y l cu trc mng rt gn ca mt h thng BMS iu khin ta nh:

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Hnh 1.3. Cu trc thu gn ca h BMS Thit b iu khin trung tm: Ti phng iu khin trung tm cc my tnh thu nhn v x l thng tin t cc h thng v thc hin vn hnh iu khin cc h thng c t ti phng iu khin trung tm h thng v t ti phng iu khin trung tm ca ta nh. Chuyn bit mt h thng BMS phn mm c ci t trong mt my tnh c ci h iu hnh Microsoft Window 2000/2003 server... Phn mm BMS c ci t y l mt phn mm chuyn dng cho vic iu khin v qun l mt ta nh. Phn mm ny c kh nng thu nhn thng tin, gim st trng thi lm vic ca ton b cc thit b trong h thng nh n chiu sng, nhit , camera...
1.1.

Phn mm tng thch vi cc h thng tham gia tch hp. Ti cc my tnh iu khin, trm vn hnh trung tm ngi vn hnh c phn quyn c th iu khin t xa, gim st cc i tng trong h thng, lp lch vn hnh cho thit b, theo di cnh bo - bo ng v hng dn x l s c. Giao din gia ngi vn hnh v h thng l giao din ha ng thn thin, d dng s dng v thng minh. CNG TY U T X .D V T.M QUN HONG GIA

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Ngay ti cc trm vn hnh cp trng, ni x l cc s c ngi vn hnh hon ton c th c thc hin c nhng chc nng y nh trm vn hnh trung tm nu ngi vn hnh c phn quyn mt account cho php. Phn mm c chc nng h tr truy cp Web, v phi c tnh nng bo mt cao trong mi trng Internet trnh Hacker nhm ng v khai thc... 1.2. Cc khi Module iu khin: 1.2.1. B iu khin MBC (Modular Building Controller): MBC l mt Module chuyn dng cho vic iu khin ta nh. Vi cc tnh nng u vit v tin ch d dng s dng, nn MBC l mt gii php la chn cho cc h thng iu khin ta nh thng minh, c nhiu hng tch hp h thng tin dng. Cc thng s chnh ca mt b MBC nh sau: Hn hp I/O vo ra 1, 2 hay 4 im mt module La chn cng tc HOA cho module Phm vi t 2 n 288 im ph thuc vo s lng & hn hp loi im: o Bn ch mua ty theo ng dng ca mnh o Module d dng lp ln nhau o D dng nng cp m rng h thng m khng cn phi u t 1 ln - u t khi cn, khi c ngun ti chnh... B x l PowerPC hng u Mng Ethernet TCP/IP hay cng RS-485 BLN H tr Flash Card B nh 72 MB H tr cng P1 FLN Modem cho kt ni quay s H tr phn mm Driver cho tch hp

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Hnh 1.4. Cu to b MBC Ta nhn thy, cc t iu khin k thut s cu trc m un MBC (Modular Building Controller) c ch to vi b vi x l c b nh RAM ln ti 72 MB. B vi x l ny c kh nng lu gi ton b cc thng tin v chng trnh iu khin trong 20 ngy khi khng c ngun in cung cp nh ngun pin nui gn km. Cc t iu khin ny c th kt ni vi cc Server ca phng iu khin trung tm qua mng Ethernet LAN 100 BaseTx (EBLN: Ethernet Building Level Network). Ngi vn hnh c th lp cc chng trnh iu khin ri truyn ti qua mng LAN TCP/IP t cc server ti cc t iu khin MBC, mng truyn thng cho php thc hin truyn ti cc chng trnh iu khin trn mng LAN ti cc thit b iu khin m khng cn phi ngng cc chng trnh vn hnh iu khin hay lm gin on cc hot ng ca cc thit b trong ta nh. T iu khin MBC c th nng cp cu hnh cc im iu khin d dng nh thit k theo cu trc module, c tnh chun ha, c th lp dn cao. T iu khin c hai loi chnh l 24 module gi l MBC24 v 40 module gi l MBC40. Khi kt ni trn mng iu khin RBLN ( Ethernet Building Level Network ), cc t iu khin ny cho php kt ni n 1000 t iu khin gm cc MBC hoc kt ni vi cc thit b iu khin DDC khc nh MEC, PXC. Cc t iu khin MBC cho php ngi qun l truy nhp bng cc my tnh c nhn ca cc nhn vin vn hnh iu khin, thc hin vic sa i chng trnh lm vic ca thit b, vic lp trnh ti ch.ng thi b vi x l ( Open processor ) ca MBC c ci t sn cc chng trnh ng dng nhng gip cho ngi vn hnh lp cc chng trnh iu khin cho thit b trn cc ng dng iu khin my tnh ca h iu hnh Microsoft Window. Cc MBC l t iu khin c tnh c lp cao: khi h thng mng t server n c s c th cc t iu khin ny c kh nng thc hin cc chng trnh iu khin thit b nh vo b nh RAM. thc hin vic kt ni tch hp cc h thng k thut, cc thit b iu khin vi cc giao thc khc nhau, cc MBC c kh nng lp cc b vi x l m tch hp ( Open
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Proccesor ) c giao thc tng ng Bacnet, Lonmark, Modbus, EIB, M-Bus, Profibus thc hin vic truyn nhn thng tin vi h thng kt ni ti. Cc thng tin ny c gi ti cc my tnh iu khin trung tm thng qua mng EBLN v c th hin th trn mn hnh ca cc my tnh trm vn hnh qua cc giao din ha. Mi MBC c kh nng thit lp c 3 mng iu khin Master/Slave, mi mng ny gm 32 b iu khin s cp trng TEC ( Terminal Equipment Controller ) iu khin cc thit b cp trng nh FCU, VAV Box, bm nc, bm nhit v mng iu khin chiu sng. Khi c s c v ngun cung cp, cc b iu khin MBC s t ng lu gi cc thng tin lin quan ti cc qu trnh vn hnh iu khin, cc tham s ny c lu gi ti MBC trong thi gian do ngi vn hnh ch nh t 1 n 20 ngy m bo cc yu cu v lu tr d liu t ra. Trong trng hp vn hnh bnh thng, cc d liu ny c lu gi trong b nh dung lng ln ca t iu khin do ngi vn hnh ci t ln ti 1400 ngy. 1.2.2. Module iu khin MEC ( Modular Equipment Controller): Cc thng s ca b MEC: C nh I/O La chn cc models sau: H tr Modern H tr Point Expansion Bus Cng tc Hand Off Auto HOA. Kt ni P1 FLN (3) ty thuc vo Model. Kt ni Lon Works FLN. H tr cng RS-485 BLN. H tr mng TCP/IPEthernet BLN. B nh 40 to 72MB ty thuc vo Model. B vi x l PC tc 48 MHz.

Hnh 1.5. Cu to ca b MEC

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T cc thng s ta nhn thy, b iu khin MEC c b vi x l gn sn, tc x l CPU 48MHz, b nh ng RAM 40 n 72 MB ty theo yu cu ca u t, ngi qun l h thng. Cc b MEC cho php kt ni vi nhau, cc MBC v cc my tnh iu khin thng qua mng Ethernet LAN giao thc TCP/IP, cho php s dng ng truyn chung ca mng my tnh ni b ca ta nh. B iu khin c cc cng Input/Output chun. Mi MEC c tch hp sn vi 32 cng xut nhp ( Input/Output I/O). Ty nhu cu s dng m c th dung kt hp I/O module m rng. Cc module I/O m rng ny cng cho php la chn s im theo nhu cu l loi Analogue hoc Digital. MEC c th la chn loi thit lp c 3 mng Master/Slave tng thm s lng thit b iu khin cp trng theo nhu cu ca ngi s dng. Tuy nhin, s lng im ca thit b iu khin ny nh ch ph hp vi cc thit b iu khin c nh v cu hnh khng thay i theo thi gian. MEC c s dng cho vic tch hp h thng k thut khc vo h thng BMS theo chun LONMark, vic tch hp cng da trn cc giao din ti cc cng FLN. 1.2.3. B iu khin PXC ( Programable Controller): B iu khin PXC c b vi x l gn sn, processor clock speed 100MHz, b nh ng RAM24, kch thc nh gn c th lp t trn cc thanh chun DIN, trn tng., cc PXC kt ni vi cc MBC, MEC v cc my tnh iu khin thng qua mng Ethernet LAN giao thc TCP/IP, cho php s dng ng truyn chung ca mng my tnh ni b ca ta nh. B iu khin c cc cng Input/Output chun, ng thi n c tnh mm do trong s dng, ngi s dng c th nh dng cu hnh cc im theo yu cu nh cu to im u vo ra l loi Universal I/O. Mi PXC c ch to sn vi 16 hoc 24 cng vo ra Universal (Input/Output I/O). Tm li cc t iu khin MBC/ MEC/ PXC thc hin iu khin v gim st cc thit b ca cc h thng nh: - H thng in: Qun l cc my bin p cao th, my pht in d phng, cc t phn phi ngun chnh v cc t phn phi ti cc tng trong ta nh. - H thng iu ha HVAC: S qun l v gim st b lm lnh (Chiller), bm nc chiller, qut ht kh thI Extract Fan, iu khin cc my iu ha dng nc chiller theo kiu phn vng FCU - Qun l ch vn hnh ca cc qut tng p cu thang (Pressurised Fan) - Qun l ch vn hnh ca cc bm cha chy (Fire fighting pump) - Thu nhn tn hiu bo chy t t bo chy trung tm - Kt ni tch hp vi h thng an ninh ca ta nh - Kt ni tch hp vi h thng thang my, qun l trng thi hot ng, kim sot
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v tr thang t phng iu khin trung tm. Trong cu trc mng ca h thng BMS, trn mi mng EBLN cho php cho thit lp quan h 100 t iu khin MBC & MEC, v chp nhn 1000 t iu khin MBC, MEC v PXC trong ton b h thng mng iu khin. Do vy, h thng iu khin s dng cu hnh thit b iu khin nh MBC, MEC hay PXC s cho php m rng vi s lng rt ln khi c yu cu pht trin h thng. Cc MBC, MEC & PXC c lp t ti cc phng my ti tng hm 1 v tng mi ca ta nh Vit d dng cho vic thc hin vic iu khin, gim st v tch hp h thng. 1.3 Mng v cch thc truyn thng: 1.3.1. Mng EBLN: - Mng Ethernet LAN TCP/IP l l mng truyn thng chnh ca h thng BMS, cc b iu khin s trc tip dng m un MBC, MEC & PXC c s dng cho ta nh s kt ni vi nhau v cc my tnh iu khin (server) ca h thng iu khin BMS. - H thng mng Ethernet LAN l ng truyn chung cho h thng Apogee, giao thc s dng trong mng EBLN l giao thc TCP/IP. ng trc chnh ca mng iu khin h thng BMS s dng cp quang m rng di thng, cho php truyn cc gi tin ca h thng an ninh qun l ra vo Access control, Camera gim st. - Vic s dng chun truyn thng TCP/IP khng nhng to c tc truyn thng cao m cn p ng yu cu v khong cch truyn m khng cn b lp, v hon ton p ng tnh nng thi gian thc ca h thng BMS, tc truyn thng trn mng iu khin t c 100 MBps. 1.3.2. Mng FLN (Floor Level Network): y l mng nm h thng mng cp trng trong cu trc h thng APOGEE . Mi MBC hoc MEC xxEF xy dng c 3 mng FLN theo c ch giao tip Master/Slave. - Trong mi mng Master/Slave, MBC ng vai tr l b iu khin Master v 32 b iu khin cp trng ng vai tr l Slave v cc thit b mng iu khin n, thit b o m in nng ni mng. Mng Master/ Slave s dng chun truyn thng cng nghip RS485, cc giao thc c s dng trn mng l LonTalk, EIB, P1 ph bin Mng truyn thng Floor Level Network c thit lp s dng cp i dy xon c bc kim AWG18. Tc truyn thng trong mng ny t 4800 B/s. - Mng iu khin FLN qun cc b iu khin n c cu trc module LCM, thc hin kt ni cc b o m in nng Digital Energy Meter (DEM), cc b bin tn iu chnh tc ng c (VSD). - Trn cc FLN, h thng Apogee cho php tn ti 32 LCM/ 1mng FLN, mi Bus c thit lp s dng cp i dy xon c bc kim AWG18, tc truyn thng trong mng ny t n 78 kB/s. - Mng iu khin n c xy dng trn cc LCM s dng chun truyn thng cng nghip RS485, cc giao thc c s dng trn mng l LonTalk, EIB, Mng iu khin LLN cho php cc cng tc kh trnh, cc R le, cc b cm quang tn ti trong mng l 48 thit b.. CNG TY U T X .D V T.M QUN HONG GIA

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2. Cc h thng iu khin chnh:

2.1. H thng iu khin chiu sng v qun l in nng h thng in: 2.1.1. H thng iu khin chiu sng: in nng dng cho iu khin chiu sng trong mt to nh chim mt t trng kh ln so vi in nng tiu th tng. Vic qun l tt vn chiu sng khng ch em li mi trng lm vic nh sng m cn nng cao hiu qu u t do vic tit kim in v chi ph v n hnh.. i vi mt cng trnh quan trng nh to nh VAPOWE cn thit phi c mt h thng iu khin chiu sng hin i, p ng mi hot ng, mi ch chiu sng trong to nh nh: chiu sng hi tho, chiu sng vn phng lm vic, chiu sng khu i snh khi c cc hot ng giao lu, n tip v chiu i khch. Vi quy m v tnh cht nh vy, h thng iu khin chiu sng cho to nh cn phi p ng cc yu cu c bn sau: Qun l iu khin chiu sng tp trung C kh nng iu khin chiu sng theo chng trnh, theo lch t trc C kh nng kt hp iu khin chiu sng t ng theo chng trnh v chiu sng ti ch C kh nng la chn ch chiu sng ph hp C kh nng kt ni vi h thng qun l to nh ti u ho vn hnh C kh nng m rng h thng khng ch v s lng thit b iu khin chiu sng m c cc thit b h tr iu khin chiu sng nh cc cm bin cng sng, cc thit b an ninh. H thng n chiu sng cng cng trong v ngoi ta nh s c thit k da trn nhng tin ch cho ngi s dng v qun l h thng. - Khc nhng h thng chiu sng thng c thit k kiu truyn thng, cc thit b iu khin chiu sng ca ta nh Ruby Plaza c ni mng Lighting Level Network (LLN). Trn mng LLN l cc thit b iu khin n Relay Control Module (RCM), cng tc kh trnh Programable Switch Module (PSM), cc module u vo - Cc thit b ny s dng chun truyn thng RS485 v c duy tr thng tin vi b iu khin MBC hay MEC nh b Lighting Control Module (LCM), mi mng LLN c th duy tr c 48 thit b iu khin phn cng nh RCM, PSM, DIM. - Cc n chiu sng ti cc khu vc c iu khin On/ Off t xa ti phng iu khin trung tm, t cc cng tc iu khin kh trnh c lp t ti khu vc hoc bi cng tc On/ Off trn thn ca Relay iu khin RCM ti cc t in iu khin n. - Cc khu vc nhy cm nh khu ch tc, khu trng by, cc khu vn phng ca cng ty, h thng n c kt ni iu khin lin ng vi h thng an ninh chng t nhp bt hp php Access Control Sipass. Khi c tn hiu truy nhp bt hp php ti cc khu vc ny, n chiu sng c iu khin bt sng tng cng sng cho khu vc phc v CNG TY U T X .D V T.M QUN HONG GIA

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cho vic thu hnh ca h thng Camera gim st. - Cc thit b iu khin n LCM nm trn mng iu khin cp FLN, h thng cho php 32 b LCM cng tn ti trn mng iu khin FLN, khi iu khin n, mng iu khin n khng cn phi s dng thm bt k mt phn mm iu khin no khc ngoi phn mm iu khin h thng BMS. Gii php c ng dng iu khin chiu sng y l s dng gii php iu khin chiu sng Litrol (Light Controll). Khc vi h chiu sng thng thng l iu khin bt tt ti ch theo yu cu s dng, h thng iu khin chiu sng LITROL cho php qun l chiu sng mt cch tp trung kt hp vi chc nng iu khin chiu sng t ng. iu ny gip cho vn tit kim in nng c x l mt cch trit v hiu qu. Sau y l nhng u im m h thng iu khin chiu sng LITROL ca Siemens mang li: - iu khin tp trung: vic iu khin chiu sng c qun l tp trung ti phng iu khin trung tm. Ti phng iu khin trung tm, nhn vin vn hnh c th iu khin bt tt tng tuyn n, gim st trng thi bt tt tng tuyn v la chn ch cng nh lp lch chiu sng theo yu cu - T ng ho iu khin chiu sng: Vi h thng iu khin chiu sng LITROL, Nhn vin vn hnh c th lp sn lch hot ng chiu sng cho tng khu vc nht nh, cho tng thi im nht nh. V d: i vi khu vc hnh lang l ni thng xuyn c ngi qua li, h thng s t ng bt sng khu vc trong thi gian lm vic. Nhng khu vc nhy cm v vn an ninh, h thng s t ng bt sng khu vc v m hoc chiu sng tng cng trong nhng thi im nhy cm. Nhng khu vc nh phng hp, hi tho nhn vin vn hnh c th lp sn thi gian chiu sng cho khu vc trong thi gian din ra cc hot ng lin quan.

Hnh 2.1. Cu trc h thng chiu sng LITROL CNG TY U T X .D V T.M QUN HONG GIA

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Kt hp iu khin t ng v iu khin ti ch: Do tnh cht c th ca iu khin chiu sng l yu cu s dng nh sng thay i lin tc cu ca ngi s dng, cn thit phi hot ng song song hai ch iu khin: iu khin tp trung ti phng iu khin v iu khin ti ch ti khu vc cn chiu sng. Vi h thng LITROL, ngi s dng c th bt tt tuyn n bng nhng cng tc iu khin gn ti hin trng m khng lm mt kh nng iu khin chiu sng ti trung tm. Ngoi ra, nh ng dng cc thit b iu chnh nh BALLAST cho n hunh quang, ngi s dng c th t ng iu chnh cng sng theo thi quen, theo s thch. - La chn ch chiu sng: Khi thay i tnh cht lm vic nh khu vc hi tho, vic la chn ch chiu sng cho khu vc cng rt quan trng trong vic em li hiu qu cao cho cng vic. Khi s dng cc thit b nh my chiu, ti vi vic gim cng sng cho ph hp c thc hin t ng trong thi gian trnh chiu. i vi cc khu vc nhn nhiu nh sng t nhin nh s dng vch knh, nhn vin vn hnh c th la chn ch chiu sng ban ngy, ban m tit kim nng lng. - Kh nng tch hp vi h thng qun l to nh BMS v bms: vn gim st tp trung c thc hin mt cch trit , h thng LITROL c kh nng tch hp vi h thng qun l to nh (BMS) APOGEE Insight. Khi , cc thit b iu khin chiu sng s nm trn lp mng thit b trng FLN hoc LONWORK. Ngoi li ch gim st tp trung, khi tch hp vo h thng BMS, h thng LITROL s tr nn linh hot trong vn hnh khi ng dng nhng chc nng mnh ca h thng BMS. - Kh nng m rng h thng: Lp mng thit b trng FLN/ Lonworks ca h thng iu khin chiu sng LITROL l nhng giao thc truyn thng c tnh nng m. Vic s dng ng thi hai giao thc ny cho php m rng h thng mt cch linh hot: sn sng m rng cho cc thit b mng FLN/ Lonworks. iu ny m bo cho h thng iu khin chiu sng cho to nh lun p ng mi yu cu vn hnh trong tng lai. - Cc b iu khin n Lighting Control Module LCM to nn mng truyn thng iu khin n Lighting Level Network (LLN). LCM kt ni cc rle kh trnh dng module (Relay control Module), v cc b cng tc kh trnh PSM (Programable Switch Module) cc thit b ny t iu khin n chiu sng. Cc t in chiu sng gm rt nhiu t iu khin cho cc khu vn phng v hng lang, cc khu cng cng trong v ngoi to nh. - Mi b LCM c th kt ni ti a 48 r le v cng tc kh trnh, im u vo s. Thng qua mng truyn thng RS485, mi r le iu khin ON/OFF, cc cng tc lp trnh c s c lp trnh iu khin cho tng tuyn n c th t tng hm n tng mi ca to nh, cc thng tin v thit b LCM, RCM v PSM cng vi cc ti liu lin quan s c cung cp cho nh thu lp t h thng chiu sng phi hp thc hin u ni. - ha mt bng iu khin ca cc khu vc iu khin chiu sng s c xy dng trn cc my tnh iu khin, ha ny s c thng nht vi ch u t v nh thu h thng chiu sng. Ngi vn hnh thc hin iu khin ON/OFF trn mn hnh ha, trn cc giao din mt bng tng ng vi tuyn n cn bt tt. Trng thi n ON/OFF c hin th trn mn hnh ha, ngi s dng d dng nhn bit thay i bi s thay i mu sc ca cc im I/O trn nn ha.
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- Cc tuyn n trong v ngoi ta nh c vn hnh t ng theo cc lch trnh c th c lp bi ngi vn hnh hoc iu khin n tuyn theo yu cu chiu sng c th Ngoi ra, nh p dng cng ngh Bus v giao thc truyn thng hin i, s dng h thng iu khin chiu sng LITROL s tit kim c khi lng cp in dng cho chiu sng. Cc ch vn hnh ca h thng: H thng iu khin chiu sng LITROL kt hp ng thi 2 ch vn hnh: Vn hnh chiu sng t ng v chiu sng tp trung: ch ny, cc tuyn n c t ng bt tt theo chng trnh, theo lch lp sn hoc theo thao tc vn hnh trc tip ca nhn vin trc vn hnh. Vn hnh chiu sng ti ch v vn hnh t xa: Ngi s dng c th t ng bt tt tuyn n nh cc b cng tc kh trnh gn ti hin trng v gn ti khu vc k thut khi cn. Cc b iu khin n Lighting Control Module thit lp mng truyn thng iu khin kt ni cc rle dng module Relay control Module trn h thng mng t ti cc t iu khin n chiu sng. Bt - Tt c t xa, theo di c trng thi ca cc tuyn n c iu khin. Thc hin lnh Bt - Tt t ng theo lch trnh t sn bi ngi qun l h thng ti my tnh iu khin trung tm. hin Bt - Tt ti ch nh cc cng tc kh trnh trong h thng Lighting Control,cc cng tc ny c ni mng truyn thng EIB vi b iu khin k thut s DDC v c th lp trnh iu khin cho mt tuyn n hay mt nhm tuyn n. Mi b LCM c th kt ni ti a 48 r le v cc cng tc c kh nng lp trnh thng qua mng truyn dn chun cng nghip ETHERNET, mi r le iu khin ON/OFF, v cc cng tc lp trnh c s c lp trnh iu khin cho tng tuyn n c th, vic iu khin cc tuyn n s c xc nh r vi nh thu lp t h thng chiu sng, cc thng tin v thit b LCM, RCM, DPM v cc cng tc kh trnh. ha mt bng iu khin ca cc khu vc iu khin chiu sng s c xy dng trn cc my tnh iu khin, ha ny s c thng nht vi ch u t v nh thu h thng chiu sng. Ngi vn hnh thc hin iu khin ON/OFF trn mn hnh ha, trn cc giao din mt bng tng ng vi tuyn n cn bt tt. Trng thi n ON/OFF c hin th trn mn hnh ha, ngi vn hnh d dng nhn bit vic ny bi s thay i mu sc ca cc im I/O trn nn ha. Cc b cng tc kh trnh (programable switch) c lp t trn t in iu khin ti cc tng, ngi s dng c th dng vn hnh ti ch cc tuyn n theo yu cu chiu sng thc t ca cc khu vc trong v ngoi ta nh. Cc tuyn n trong v ngoi ta nh c vn hnh t ng theo cc lch trnh c th c lp bi ngi vn hnh hoc iu khin n tuyn theo yu cu chiu sng c th. Ti cc tng quan trng, cc tuyn n chiu sng s c kt ni v c iu khin interlock vi h thng kim sot ra vo thuc h thng an ninh. Vo bui ti, ngoi gi lm vic, cc tuyn n s c iu khin t ng bt sng thc hin vic cung cp nh sng ti a cho vic thu hnh ca cc camera khi c tn hiu pht hin chuyn ng t u d chuyn ng, u d chng ct knh... c lp t ti khu vc
CNG TY U T X .D V T.M QUN HONG GIA
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. i vi vic bt n ngoi chng trnh lm vic, h thng BMS s ghi li nh chc nng pht hin li ca h thng v thng bo ln mn hnh ca my tnh iu khin BMS ngay tc th hoc lu li ti my tnh iu khin. - T ng bt - tt n khi c s chuyn ng trong khu vc. - T ng bt n khn cp khi c s ra lnh t h kim sat an ninh bo ng c s t nhp. 2.1.2. H thng qun l in nng: H thng in s qun l v gim st my pht in d phng chy bng Diezel, cc t in phn phi chnh ti cc l MSB, cc t in phn phi ph t ti cc tng. Nm bt c tm quan trng ca h thng in: c ngun cung cp ti th h thng thit b ta nh tn ti v hot ng, ngng cung cp in h thng k thut s ngng hot ng nn vic gim st h thng in trong h thng BMS BMS l mt ng dng khng tch ri. H thng BMS Apogee qun l cc thit b bo v ngun in nm trong cc t in phn phi ngun in chnh v cc t in phn phi ngun ph cho cc tng, cc thit b bng vic thu nhn cc thng tin v trng thi lm vic cng nh qu ti ca cc thit b ny thng qua cc u ni t u ra bo li, bo trng thi hot ng ca cc thit b in ti cc t iu khin MBC ca h thng BMS. Ti cc my tnh iu khin trung tm, nhn vin vn hnh thc hin vic gim st cc thit b bo v ca cc t in phn phi ngun chnh v cc t in phn phi ngun ph trn mn hnh ho ca cc my tnh iu khin ca h thng Beckhoff. Mi thay i ca cc im vo ra I/O ti cc t iu khin trong nhm thit b in ti cc t iu khin gi v s lm thay i mu sc ca im iu khin trn mn hnh ho cng nh c cc bo co bo li ti thi im xy ra s c ti my in bo s kin theo thi gian. H thng BMS APOGEE thc hin gim st cc h thng in nh sau: a.Gim st in nng tiu th ca ta nh: qun l tt h thng in h thng BMS gim st in nng tiu th ca ta nh, thit b gim st theo di c cc thng s k thut chnh ca cc ngun in c cp n t trm Bin th h p - My pht in d phng: + Cng sut hu ch ca ta nh P + Cng sut biu kin S + Cng sut phn khng Q + Cng sut tiu th ca ta nh kWh + H s Cos# + in p dy ti t cp ngun chnh (V) + in p cc pha ti t cp ngun chnh (V) + Dng in ca cc pha ti t cp ngun chnh (A)
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Cc thng s ny c gim st cht v n s nh hng rt ln ti vic vn hnh ca tt c cc thit b s dng in ca ta nh, qun l tt cc tham s chnh ny cng ng ngha vi vic gim chi ph vn hnh ca ta nh, nng cao hiu qu s dng thit b. Cc tham s ny cn thit c o m nh b o m in nng k thut s (DEM: Digital Electric Meter) c kh nng ni mng v th hin cc thng s o lng trn giao din mn hnh my tnh iu khin, c kh nng lu gi ti my tnh ca h thng khi ngi qun l c yu cu. ha sau m phng qun l in nng ti mt t in phn phi ngun cp chnh cho mt ta nh. Trong ha, cc gi tr c th hin l s o m c, cc tham s c Vit ha v tn v v tr thit b n gin ha qu trnh vn hnh ca ngi gim st, qun l h thng.

Hnh 2.2. Mt v d v giao din gim st cc thng s in nng. b. Gim st my pht in Diezel d phng: My pht in d phng c kim sot cc trng thi nh: Hot ng - Ngng - Sn sng khi ng, p ng yu cu pht in d phng khi khng c ngun in li thnh ph. Cc tiu ch ny cn c thc hin ti h thng BMS i vi: + Ngun in np c qui: Ti t in cung cp ngun cho b np c qui, thit b np a ra thng tin v ngun in nui cho b np hin hu hoc b mt ngun nui. Cc tn hiu ny l dng DO (Digital Output) s c a n u ra ca t in cung cp ngun np c qui v u vo dng DI ( Digtal Input) ca t iu khin DDC h thng BMS
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in p sy nng my, p ng yu cu sn sng khi ng cp in khi khng c in li: Trong iu kin thc t ca min Bc Vit Nam c ma ng lnh, nhit c th xung di 100C, lc ny my pht s khng th thc hin c vic khi ng v s mt i tnh d phng cao. nng cao tnh sn sng ca h thng my pht in d phng, cc my pht c thm thit b sy nng nc lm mt v thn my d dng khi ng. Cc tn hiu bo tnh trng ngun sy nng my ny s c t in cp ngun a n u ra di dng tn hiu DO nh nu i vi ngun np c quy v a ti cc DDC ca BMS di dng tn hiu DI. + Trng thi Hot ng - Ngng + Trng thi bo li - bo qu ti my pht Cc tn hiu ny c t in cung cp ngun v t in iu khin my pht cung cp cc thng tin ti u ra di dng cc im iu khin DO, v i vo cc DDC dng im iu khin DO + Mc nhin liu ca bn cha nhin liu chnh v bn cha du Daily tank Tn hiu bo mc du trong thng cha du s c kim sot bi sensor bo mc c lp t trong thng cha. - Gim st ch hot ng ca my pht in d phng: MEC tch hp my pht in d phng Cummin cung cp giao din LONmark kt ni tch hp my pht ny v cc im u vo kt ni cc tn hiu bo li, bo trng thi hot ng cc thit b in phc v my pht in d phng, qun l cht ch cc yu t sn sng p ng ch hot ng thay th khi mt in li: o Ngun np c qui o Mc nhin liu dailytank o Bm nhin liu o Ch standby o Ch vn hnh p ng cc thng s k thut yu cu - Khi c tn hiu chuyn i ngun cung cp t in li sang in my pht, h thng my tnh Apogee s ra lnh cho cc thit b hot ng vi cng sut ln thng qua cc t iu khin MBC / MEC, cc thit b ny s c chnh nh thi gian tr thch hp vi qu trnh xc lp p ng ti ca cc my pht in d phng. - Ti phng iu khin trung tm, ngi vn hnh thc hin gim st cc thng s, trng thi hot ng ca thit b, tnh trng ng ct khi c s c, thng tin v ngun cung cp cho h thng in li - my pht thng qua cc giao din ha. - thc hin vic kt ni ny, my pht in d phng cn phi c module giao din u ra LONmark thc hin kt ni my pht vo t iu khin MEC tch hp ca h thng BMS.

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c. Gim st cc t phn phi: - Qun l cc trng thi hot ng ca cc thit b ng - Ct ngun in ti cc t phn phi: Mc ch vic qun l ny nhm qun l cc thit b in t my tnh iu khin ca phng iu khin trung tm. - Qun l cc s c qu ti ca cc thit b ng ct chnh ti cc t phn phi ( p t mt tng, p t mt cp ngun chnh ca cc nhnh) thc hin vic qun l tt cc thit b ng - Ct, cc thit b in nm trong din cn qun l gim st cn p ng cc yu cu v phn cng: + C kh nng cung cp cc im tn hiu bo trng thi ca chnh bn thn ca chng, tn hiu u ra trng thi l tn hiu On/ Off ca cng tc bo trng thi. + Nu khng c sn cc im tn hiu bo trng thi ny, thit b ng ct cn phi c lp thm cc cng tc ph tr (Auxilary Contact) thc hin ni v h thng BMS. 2.2. Qun l h thng bm cha chy Fire Fighting: Khi c cc s c, tn hiu bo ng chy c gi t h thng bo chy ti, h thng BMS s ra lnh dng tc th i vi cc my iu ha v thng gi ngn lung khng kh cp cho cc khu vc, trng thi hot ng ca cc thit b cha chy cng c theo di trn cc ha gim st h thng phng v cha chy. Khi c s c chy: - Cc bm cha chy Fire Fighting pump hot ng - Cc qut tng p Pressurised Fan hot ng - AHU v qut thng gi ngng hot ng H thng cc bm cha chy Fire Fighting Pump c qun l bi b iu khin k thut sMBC p ng cc yu cu k thut, an ton v tin ch nh sau: Qun l tnh trng hot ng ca cc bm trong iu kin bnh thng: - Tn hiu ngun cp lun sn sng p ng cc bm cha chy in hot ng - p lc tnh ca h thng mc duy tr sn sng cho vic vn hnh (p sut lm vic) - Mc nc ca cc b cha nc cung cp m bo mc yu cu sn sng p ng choh thng vn hnh cha chy. Trong iu kin s c: - Kim sot ch vn hnh ca cc bm in - Khi c s c chy tht, kim sot s chy, nhn vin vn hnh s nhn bit cc tnhiu cnh bo v mu sc trn mn hnh ha v ting ku c ci t ring cho tn hiu bo chy s nhc nh nhn vin vn hnh v cc cnh bo ny. 2.3. Kt ni h thng An ninh: i vi h thng Security gm 2 phn h k thut nh: Camera quan st v h thng kim sot ch ra vo s dng cc cng ngh hin i.
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- Khi kt ni ti BMS, h thng an ninh s c kt ni ti t iu khin k thut s MBC tch hp chuyn bit t ti phng iu khin trung tm. Vic kt ni ny c thc hin nh b vi x l Open procesor dng module c giao thc tng ng vi giao thc ca h thng an ninh. Khi kt ni ti h thng ny cc thng tin v h thng an ninh s c qun l bi cc server. Cc thng tin ca h thng An ninh c xem trn mn hnh ho ca BMS server. H thng thc hin c vic tc ng ti cc u ra ca h thng An ninh, thc hin chc nng iu khin ti tt c cc ca do h thng An ninh qun l, hoc iu khin m tt c cc ca phc v vic thot him trong trng hp khn cp nu c lp trnh trn my tnh ca h thng BMS. - Cng vi cc thng tin ny, ngi vn hnh h thng BMS thc hin lp bo co hoc server t kch hot iu khin theo cc lnh mc nh i vi trng hp khn cp. 2.4. Gim st h thng thang my: gim st c h thng thang my, h thng thang my cn a ti u ra ca chng cc thng tin p ng k ni ti h thng BMS, qu trnh kt ni s c c th ha v phn cng cng nh phn mm i vi nh thu thang my c th hin th, gim st ch vn hnh theo yu cu k thut. Nhit , m ti khu vc t thang my s c h thng BMS qun l thng qua cc tn hiu cm bin nhit - m phng u vo ca h thng BMS. kim sot vn hnh ca thang trong tnh hung s c c thot him do c th v cc yu cu cao trong an ton cho con ngi, cc thang my s khng hot ng (Ngoi tr thang my cha chy), khi cc thang my c iu khin i v v tr gn nht thng ra mt t thot him hoc trnh tnh trng c ngi b kt trong thang my. Nh thu cung cp lp t h thng thang my cn cung cp ti u ra cc tn hiu: - V tr cc thang ti cc tng - Trng thi hot ng ca cc Cabin thang - Tnh trng li thang v C kh - in - Ngn ng iu khin l BACnet, Modbus, LONmark nu cho php tch hp mc cao

3. Gii quyt vn tch hp h thng:

Vic tch hp ti h thng BMS mang li nhiu tin ch trong iu khin cng nh gim st cc h thng k thut ca to nh, iu ny cho php ngi vn hnh, ban qun l to nh tit kim c chi ph vn hnh cng nh nng cao kh nng qun l ti tt c cc h thng. Do nhiu yu t khch quan, hin TTNC-PT ch p ng thit k cung cp trn gi cc sn phm trong h thng iu khin chiu sng v qun l in nng, cc gi h thng khc s c t hng cc cng ty khc v sau tch hp vo h thng BMS chung ca ton b ta nh iu hnh . vic tch hp c tng thch v d dng cho kt ni thit b sau ny, nn yu cu cc nh thu cung cp phi p ng cc thng s v phn
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cng, phn mm, v i dy. thc hin vic tch hp h thng, cc nh thu cung cp thit b ca h t hng in iu ho thng gi (cung cp chiller), h thng Thang my v h thng An ninh cn phi tun th cc yu cu v cung cp phn cng, giao thc kt ni, n h thng BMS theo bng di:

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