M NG TRUYN (LINE CODING)

GII THIU CC LOI M NG TRUYN

GII THIU
Tn hiu PCM l chui cc bit 1 v 0. Vic truyn tn hiu ny (t mt b ghp knh n b ghp knh cp cp hn, n gi my viba, hoc n gi my ca thit b quang) cho d c ly ngn nhng cng c th nhn chng b sai nu truyn khng ng dng line coding. Chuyn t mt dng m ny sang dng m khc trong thit b truyn PCM code converter.

GII THIU (tt)

Vic chn m ng truyn phi lu n:
Thnh phn dc. Tn hiu nh thi ng b my pht v my thu. Bng thng. Gim st c cht lng.

GII THIU (tt)

Yeu cau oi vi ma ng truyen (line code):
Khong co thanh phan mot chieu (dc). Nng lng tn s thp phi nh. C nhiu cnh xung: khi phc xung clock b thu. Tn hiu m ho phi c kh nng gii m duy nht thnh tn hiu gc. Dai tan hep tiet kiem dai thong ng truyen. Bien oi co quy luat sao cho may thu kiem soat c loi bit.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN
C hai loi m ng truyn chnh:
Unipolar. Bipolar.

Xung m ng truyn c phn lm hai loi:

Non Return to Zero (NRZ) Return to Zero (RZ)

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt)

1 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 RZ NRZ AMI

HDB-3

CMI

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) NRZ (100 % unipolar)

Trn quan im mch: m NRZ l dng thng dng nht ca tn hiu s (ON-OFF). M NRZ c s dng trong thit b ghp knh, viba s, truyn dn quang.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)

CLOCK T 1 V V/2 0 AMPLITUDE DC NRZ SPECTRUM 0 1 0 NRZ SIGNAL f=1/T

f/2

3f/2

2f

5f/2

3f

FREQUENCY

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)

Tt c cc bit 1 c cc tnh dng. Ph c thnh phn DC. Gi tr trung bnh ca DC ph thuc vo t s s bit 1/0 ca chui tn hiu (t 0 volt V volt). V d: chui 10101010 c thnh phn DC l V/2. Thnh phn tn s c bn: f/2. Ch c hi bc l. Khng c bin tn hiu tn s clock (f) nn kh tch xung clock u thu. Nu c nhiu tc ng ln th khng th tch c.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) NRZ (100 % unipolar) (tt)

M NRZ khng ph hp cho ng truyn cp ng. M NRZ c s dng cho h thng tc cao nh SONET/SDH (155Mbit/s hoc cao hn) nhng phi c ngu nhin ho (Scrambled)

V D M NRZ (100 % unipolar)

Cho chui bit sau: 1011001010 Hy v dng xung ca chui s trn nu m thnh m NRZ. 1 +V 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0

NRZ

QUY TC M NRZ (100 % unipolar)

Bit 1 xung dng(+V) Bit 0 xung 0 rng xung: bng rng bit
1 +V 0 NRZ 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 1 0

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) RZ (50 % unipolar)

Ging nh m NRZ nhng rng xung gim cn mt na.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) RZ (50 % unipolar) (tt)

CLOCK T 1 V DC AMPLITUDE DC RZ SPECTRUM 0 1 0 1 1 0 RZ SIGNAL

2f

3f

4f

5f

6f

FREQUENCY

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) RZ (50 % unipolar) (tt)

Cng tn ti thnh phn DC. Tn s c bn by gi trng vi tn s xung clock ca tn hiu c th tch xung clock u thu khi khng tn ti chui bit 0 ko di. Khng th pht hin li khi c nhiu. s dng c gii hn. Nhng m RZ bipolar c s dng rng ri.

V D M RZ (50 % unipolar)
Cho chui bit sau: 1011001010 Hy v dng xung ca chui s trn nu m thnh m RZ.

1
+V 0

NRZ

QUY TC M RZ (50 % unipolar)

Bit 1 xung dng(+V) na chu k u v xung 0 na chu k cn li ca rng bit. Bit 0 xung 0 1
+V 0

NRZ

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) Alternative Mark Inversion AMI (bipolar code) Ma hai cc oi dau lan lt o rong xung bang na chu ky xung Khong cha thanh phan mot chieu Quy tac chuyen oi:
Bit 1 trong ma goc chuyen thanh cac xung +V va V. rng xung: 50%. Bit 0 trong ma goc chuyn thnh 0 volt.

Cha giam c so bit 0 lien tiep Ch dung trong he thong 1,544Mbit/s (G.703)

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) AMI (bipolar code) (tt)

CLOCK T +V 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 AMI CODED SIGNAL

-V

AMPLITUDE

AMI SPECTRUM

f/2

3f/2

2f

5f/2

3f

FREQUENCY

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) Alternative Digit Inversion ADI (unipolar 100%) C mi bit/digit th hai c o. ADI rt hu dng v cho d chui cc bit 1 hoc 0 ln nhng u thu vn c th tch c xung clock.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) ADI (unipolar 100%)(tt)

CLOCK BIT NUMBER

PCM SIGNAL BITS TO BE INVERTED ADI SIGNAL

MA NG TRUYEN TRONG PDH

HDB-3 (High density binary) Quy tc chuyn m:
+ Cc bit 1 trong m gc s chuyn thnh cc xung +V hoc V sao cho lun tri du vi xung trc . + Dy 3 bit 0 tr xung s chuyn thnh xung 0. + Dy 4 bit 0 tr ln s c chia thnh tng nhm 4 bit, v chuyn thnh 4 xung A00B hoc 000B, trong xung A l xung theo qui tc, cn xung B l xung tri qui tc. Xung theo qui tc l xung tri du vi xung trc , cn xung tri qui tc l xung cng du vi xung trc . o 000B nu xung ng trc dy 4 bit 0 tri du vi xung B ng trc gn nht. o A00B nu xung ng trc dy 4 bit 0 cng du vi xung B ng trc gn nht.

V D M HDB-3
Cho chui bit sau: 10110010000100000 Hy v dng xung ca chui s trn nu m thnh m HDB-3.

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
+V 0 -V

+ -

+ - 0 0 0 B

+ 0 0 0 B

V D M HDB-3
Cho chui bit sau: 10110010000100000 Hy v dng xung ca chui s trn nu m thnh m HDB-3.

1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
+V 0 -V

+ -

+ 0 0 0 B - 0 0 0 B

MA NG TRUYEN TRONG PDH

c im m HDB-3:
Ch ton tai cac day co 3 bit 0 lien tiep tr xuong Khong cha thanh phan mot chieu Ma HDB-3 co so bit 0 lien tiep t nhat so vi cac ma khac (mat o xung dong cao) Dung trong he thong 2Mbit/s va 34Mbit/s.

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) Coded Mark Inversion CMI (biphase) Cc bit 1 lun phin o trng thi dng v m. Cc bit 0 trng thi m na chu k u v i trng thi na chu k cn li. M CMI c s dng trong cc h thng 139,264Mbit/s (G.703) v SDH 155,52Mbit/s giao tip in (STM-1e)

CC LOI M NG TRUYN (tt) CMI (biphase) (tt)

CLOCK

1
NRZ +0.5V CMI 0 -0.5V

V D:
Cho chui bit sau: 11001000011000000001010 Hy v dng xung ca chui bit trn nu c m thnh: a) NRZ. b) AMI c) HDB-3 d) CMI