Sjzl20060023 ZXC10+BSSB+ (V8 (1) .16) +Technical+Manual Product+Overview

ZXC10 BSSB
CDMA2000 Base Station System

Technical Manual – Product Overview
Version 8.16
ZTE CORPORATION
ZTE Plaza, Keji Road South,
Hi-Tech Industrial Park,
Nanshan District, Shenzhen,
P. R. China
518057
Tel: (86) 755 26771900 800-9830-9830
Fax: (86) 755 26772236
URL: http://support.zte.com.cn
E-mail: doc@zte.com.cn
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Revision History
Date Revision No. Serial No. Description

2006/03/20 R1.1 ZXC10 BSSB Technical Manual - Product Overview,
sjzl20060023
contents in English.
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Contents
About this Technical Manual.......................................................................i

Purpose of this Technical Manual.............................................................................. ii
Typographical Conventions...................................................................................... ii
Mouse Operation Conventions..................................................................................iii
Safety Signs.......................................................................................................... iv
How to Get in Touch ............................................................................................... v
Customer Support...................................................................................................................v
Documentation Support...........................................................................................................v
Chapter 1..................................................................................... 1
Overview.....................................................................................................1
BSSB Position in a Network .....................................................................................1
BSS Applications.....................................................................................................3
BSC........................................................................................................................................3
BTS ........................................................................................................................................3
Chapter 2..................................................................................... 5
Product Features ........................................................................................5
Advanced Technology .............................................................................................5
Compatibility..........................................................................................................6
Large Capacity .......................................................................................................6
High Integration .....................................................................................................6
Flexible Networking.................................................................................................6
Flexible Configuration..............................................................................................7
Multiple Bands........................................................................................................7
Diversified Transmission Modes................................................................................7
Series Connection of BSs.........................................................................................7
High Reliability........................................................................................................7
Convenient Operation and Maintenance....................................................................8
Chapter 3..................................................................................... 9
System Description ....................................................................................9
BSCB.....................................................................................................................9
System Appearance ................................................................................................................9
System Structure ....................................................................................................................9
System Functions..................................................................................................................10
BTSB I1 ............................................................................................................... 11
System Appearance ..............................................................................................................11
System Structure ..................................................................................................................11
BTSB I2 ............................................................................................................... 13
BTSAE ................................................................................................................. 14
CBTS I1............................................................................................................... 16
OBTS O1.............................................................................................................. 18
OBTS O2.............................................................................................................. 19
Chapter 4................................................................................... 21
Service Functions .................................................................................... 21
1x Release A Service Feature................................................................................. 21
1x EV-DO Service Function.................................................................................... 26
CDMA2000 Service Functions ................................................................................ 28
Functions Required by Non-RTT Protocol................................................................. 29
Chapter 5................................................................................... 33
Operation and Maintenance System....................................................... 33
System Architecture ............................................................................................. 33
OMM Architecture..................................................................................................................33
POMC/LOMC Architecture ......................................................................................................34
System Functions ................................................................................................. 35

Topology Management ..........................................................................................................35
Log Management ..................................................................................................................35
Policy Management ...............................................................................................................35
System Management ............................................................................................................35
Security Management............................................................................................................35
Report Management..............................................................................................................36
Configuration Management....................................................................................................36
Alarm Management...............................................................................................................36
Performance Management.....................................................................................................36
System Tools ........................................................................................................................37
Chapter 6................................................................................... 39
Reliability Design..................................................................................... 39
System Design Reliability ...................................................................................... 39
Electromagnetic compatibility.................................................................................................39
System maintenance design ..................................................................................................39
Monitoring and handling system faults....................................................................................39
Hardware Design Reliability ................................................................................... 40

Simplified design ...................................................................................................................40
Component design ................................................................................................................40
Redundancy design ...............................................................................................................40
Software Design Reliability .................................................................................... 41
Chapter 7................................................................................... 43
Interfaces and Protocols......................................................................... 43
A Interface........................................................................................................... 43
A1 Interface..........................................................................................................................44
A2 Interface..........................................................................................................................47
A1p Interface ........................................................................................................................47
A2p Interface ........................................................................................................................48
A3 Interface..........................................................................................................................48
A7 Interface..........................................................................................................................50
A8 Interface..........................................................................................................................52
A9 Interface..........................................................................................................................52
A10 Interface ........................................................................................................................53
A11 Interface ........................................................................................................................54
A8d Interface ........................................................................................................................55
A9d Interface ........................................................................................................................56
A10d Interface ......................................................................................................................57
A11d Interface ......................................................................................................................58
A12 Interface ........................................................................................................................59
A13 Interface ........................................................................................................................59
V5 Interface ......................................................................................................... 59
Um Interface........................................................................................................ 61
1x Um Interface ....................................................................................................................61
1x EV-DO Um Interface .........................................................................................................63
BCMCS Um Interface.............................................................................................................67
Abis Interface....................................................................................................... 68
Appendix A ................................................................................ 71
Standards Compliance ............................................................................ 71
Appendix B ................................................................................ 75
Lightning Specifications.......................................................................... 75
Appendix C ................................................................................ 77
Safety Specifications ............................................................................... 77
Appendix D ............................................................................... 79
EMC Specifications .................................................................................. 79
Appendix E................................................................................. 81
Environmental Specifications ................................................................. 81
Abbreviations ............................................................................... 83
Figures.......................................................................................... 87
Tables ........................................................................................... 89
Index ............................................................................................ 91
About this Technical Manual
ZXC10 BSSB system includes the entire range of ZTE’s ZXC10 series Base
Transceiver Station (BTSB) and Base Station Controller (BSCB).
The whole ZXC10 BSSB documentation suite comprises:
ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Guide to

Documentation
ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Technical
Manual—Fundamentals
ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Technical
Manual—Product Overview
ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Technical
Manual
ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Hardware
Manual
ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Installation
Manual—Hardware
ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station Controller Installation
Manual—Software
ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Operation
Manual—Common Tools
ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Operation
Manual—Data Configuration
ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Maintenance
Manual—Routine Maintenance
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION i

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Technical Manual
Purpose of this Technical Manual

This manual provides the basic information you need for the ZXC10 BSSB
system.
Typographical Conventions
ZTE documents employ the following typographical conventions.
TABLE 1 - TYPOGRAPHICAL CONVENTIONS
Typeface Meaning
Italics References to other guides and documents; parameter values
“Quotes” Links on screens
Bold Menus, menu options, input fields, radio button names, check
boxes, drop-down lists, dialog box names, window names
CAPS Keys on the keyboard and buttons on screens and company
name
Constant width Text that you type, program code, files and directory names,
and function names
[] Optional parameters
{} Mandatory parameters
| Select one of the parameters that are delimited by it
Note: Provides additional information about a certain topic
Checkpoint: Indicates that a particular step needs to be checked

before proceeding further
Tip: Indicates a suggestion or hint to make things easier or

more productive for the reader
ii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Mouse Operation Conventions

TABLE 2 - MOUSE OPERATION CONVENTIONS
Typeface Meaning
Click Refers to clicking the primary mouse button (usually the left
mouse button) once.
Double-click Refers to quickly clicking the primary mouse button (usually the
left mouse button) twice.
Right-click Refers to clicking the secondary mouse button (usually the right
mouse button) once.
Drag Refers to pressing and holding a mouse button and moving the
mouse.
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION iii

Safety Signs
TABLE 3 - SAFETY SIGNS
Safety Signs Meaning

Danger: Indicates an imminently hazardous situation, which if
not avoided, results in death or serious injury. This symbol is
limited to only extreme situations.
Warning: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if

not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Caution: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not
avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. It also alerts
users against unsafe practices.
Note: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not
avoided, could result in injuries, equipment damage or
interruption of services.
Erosion: Beware of erosion.
Electric shock: There is a risk of electric shock.
Electrostatic: The device may be sensitive to static electricity.
Microwave: Beware of strong electromagnetic field.
Laser: Beware of strong laser beam.
No flammables: Warning against storage of flammables.
No touching: Do not touch.
No smoking: The area/region forbids smoking.
iv Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

How to Get in Touch

The following sections provide information on how to obtain support for
the documentation and the software.
Customer Support
If you have problems, questions, comments, or suggestions regarding
your product, contact us by e-mail at support@zte.com.cn. You can also
call our customer support center at (86) 755 26771900 and (86) 800-
9830-9830.
Documentation Support
ZTE welcomes your comments and suggestions on the quality and
usefulness of this document. For further questions, comments, or
suggestions on the documentation, you can contact us by e-mail at
doc@zte.com.cn; or you can fax your comments and suggestions to (86)
755 26772236. You can also explore our website at
http://support.zte.com.cn, which contains various interesting subjects like
documentation, knowledge base, forum, and service request.
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION v

vi Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Chapter 1
Overview
This chapter explains:

ZXC10 BSSB position in a network.
ZXC10 BSSB applications.
BSSB is a high performance BSS (Base Station System) that is based on
the IP technology. It can easily integrate with future CDMA2000 mobile
communication networks.
BSSB Position in a Network

Figure 1 describes the BSS position in a typical network. The BSS location
is between Access Terminal (AT) and Core Network (CN), and constitutes
the Access Network (AN) that processes radio signals, terminates radio
protocols and connects MS with the core network.
Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION 1

FIGURE 1 - BSS POSITION IN THE NETWORK
The BSS comprises Base Station Controller (BSC) and Base Transceiver
System (BTS). BSS establishes communication with AT over the Um
interface and communicates with the core network through the
corresponding A interface. V5 interfaces BSC and local exchange (not
shown in the figure above).
1. The BTS lies between MS and BSC, and is responsible for bridging the
gap between AT and core network.
i. On the radio side, BTS communicates with AT over CDMA air
interface.
ii. On the network side, BTS communicates with BSC over Abis
interface.
iii. In the forward direction, BTS first receives data from BSC over Abis
interface. It implements CDMA coding and data modulation by
converting baseband signals into RF signals followed by power
amplification and subsequent transmission over RFE and antennas.
iv. In the reverse direction, BTS receives weak radio signals from AT
over the antenna feeder and RFE. It performs low noise
amplification, down-conversion, CDMA signal decoding and
demodulation, and sends the signals to BSC over Abis interface.
2. BSC has overall control of BSS and establishes connection with BTS
over Abis interface and the Mobile Switching Center Emulation (MSCe),
Media Gateway (MGW), Packet Data Service Node (PDSN) and
Dispatching Server Subsystem (DSS) connection over A interface.
ZXCOMC or OMC for BSS O&M lies on the BSC side. OMC manages NEs
2 Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Chapter 1 - Overview
and provides a standard NMS interface to connect with upper-level

NMC.
3. BSS, MSCe, MGW and Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN) work
in tandem to implement voice service and Short Messaging Service
(SMS) of the traditional circuit domain.
4. BSS, PDSS and internet work in-sync to implement data service of the
packet domain that leads to implementation of other data services.
Addition of several core network function entities enables delivery of
EV-DO multicast services.
5. BSS and DSS work in-sync to implement trunking communication
services.
BSS Applications
BSC
ZXC10 BSCB is the ZTE product name for IP BSC.
With various BTSs attached on the downlink, implementation of flexible
BSCB configuration provides diverse service functions. It applies to users
supporting multiple services especially EV-DO service at the same time.
BTS
ZTE’s all-IP series BTS products comprise:
ZXC10 BTSB I1
ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - I1 also referred to as BTSB
I1.
BTSB I1 is a BTS with enhanced IP functions and high reliability. A single
BS supports eight carriers and three sectors or four carriers and six
sectors at most, consuming 10 W/20 W power on average per
carrier/sector. It applies to urban areas with heavy traffic and several
carriers.
ZXC10 BTSB I2
ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - I2 also referred to as BTSB
I2.
BTSB I2 is a compact BTSB I1 and applies a low-level configuration
scheme combining high baseband performance with low RF cost. Cabinet
installation combination supports at most twenty four carriers/sectors. It is
applicable to urban areas and suburbs on a smaller network scale and
fewer carriers.
ZXC10 BTSAE
ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station - AE also referred to as BTSAE.

BTSAE is the enhanced “IP+HIRS” BTS, and is applicable to the smooth

upgrade of existing HIRS system supporting 1x EV-DO service.
ZXC10 CBTS I1
ZXC10 CDMA2000 Compact Base Transceiver Station - I1 also referred to
as CBTS I1.
CBTS I1 is an economical BTS with basic functions. A single BS supports
four carriers and three sectors at most, consuming 10 W/20 W power on
average per carrier/sector. It is applicable to areas with heavy traffic and
several carriers.
ZXC10 OBTS O1
ZXC10 CDMA2000 Base Transceiver Station – O1 also referred to as OBTS
O1.
OBTS O1 is an outdoor BTS comprising BDSB O1 cabinet, RFSB O1 cabinet
and an optional external power system. BDSB O1 connects with RFSB O1
through fiber cables. RFSB O1 is a remote RF station capable of forming
networks with other ZTE BSs. It features wide coverage and its application
areas cover suburbs, plains, scenic spots, highways and railways.
OBTS O1 supports at most twenty four carrier-sectors for 1x applications
and at most twelve carrier-sectors for DO applications when using IP-BDS.
Average output power is 20 W/40 W.
ZXC10 OBTS O2
ZXC10 CDMA2000 Outdoor Base Transceiver Station - O2 also referred to
as OBTS O2.
OBTS O2 is an outdoor BTS comprising BDSB O1 cabinet, RFSB O2 cabinet
and optional external power system. BDSB O1 connects with RFSB O2
through fiber cables. RFSB O2 is an RF remote station, capable of forming
networks with other ZTE BSs. It features wide coverage and applies to
suburbs, plains, scenic spots, highways and railways.
OBTS O2 supports at most four carriers and three sectors when using IP-
BDS. A single RFS supports four carriers and one sector, with an output
power averaging 40 W/60 W.

Chapter 2
Product Features

ZXC10 BSSB product features.
Advanced Technology
With an all-IP architecture and network fabric of high switching
throughput, it provides complete QoS guaranteeing high reliability.
3G BSS uses A1p and A2p interfaces to connect with 3G core network.
Both A1p and A2p interfaces use IP transmission.
IP-based cUDP/PPPMux/MultilinkPPP over Abis interface for higher
transmission efficiency.
Multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency technology reduces number
of TRXs.
A single BS supports up to 120 carriers/sectors to realize ZTE’s
patented super BS configuration.
Linear pre-distortion of high power amplifier implements linear power
amplification.
Supports ZTE’s patented dynamic board logic and software downloads.
With transmission system of high multiplexing ratio at baseband RF
interface, it supports ZTE’s patented data transmission of up to
twenty-four carriers/sectors over a pair of fiber cables, ring networking
and link backup/switchover with high reliability.
BSSB incorporates BCMCS (Broadcast and Multicast Service)
technology. Several terminals receive only one copy of multicast IP
stream over the air link significantly saving air link bandwidth.

Compatibility
Based on all-IP architecture, BSSB can smoothly integrate into future
communication networks and gain from advantages associated with
the all-IP networking. The system is also compatible with current ATM-
based interfaces ensuring smooth expansion and upgrades.
IP BSC is compatible with ZTE’s former HIRS-based BSC. It can
interwork and interconnect with HIRS-based BSCs allowing smooth
upgrades. Compatibility advantages include connecting HIRS BTS to IP
BSC, connecting HIRS BSS to IP BSC, connecting HIRS BTS and IP BTS
to IP BSC with a single site address, and use of soft switch between
HIRS BSC and IP BSC.
Large Capacity
BSSB supports 2,500,000 voice subscribers at the rate of 0.02 Erl/user. In
addition, the system supports 6 million PPP data service links and 120,000
active PPP data service connections.
High Integration
Extensive application of network processors, advanced Digital Signal
Processing (DSP) and CPU technologies help improve integration. IP BSC
forms an office with only one shelf, supporting up to 60,000 subscribers
with two shelves, and over 100,000 subscribers with a single rack. BTSB
I1 is the smallest BTS available with 1.6 m height supporting 24
carriers/sectors. BTSB I1 brings power supply, transmission and
monitoring systems into a single box.
Flexible Networking
Networking modes between BSC and BTS comprise star, chain, and ring
networking. Networks combine using any one of the above three modes.
BTS supports configuration involving separation of baseband section from

RF section, and supports multi-sector remote RF module. There are
multiple BS-RT networking modes: Local Single Mode A (LSA), Local Single
Mode B (LSB), Remote Single Mode (RS), Local Extension Mode (LE),
Remote Extension Mode (RE) and Mixed Extension Mode (ME).

Chapter 2 - Product Features
Flexible Configuration
Different BS software configurations enable various implementations such
as, eight carriers and three sectors, four carriers and six sectors, one
carrier and twenty four sectors even while board and backplane remain
unchanged, enabling high flexibility. BTS supports mixed insertion of
channel boards such as 1x, 1x EV-DO and 1x EV-DV, facilitating maximum
upgrade capability.
Multiple Bands
The system supports multiple bands like 450 MHz, 800 MHz, 850 MHz and
1900 MHz.
Diversified Transmission Modes

The system supports transmission modes such as optical fiber, microwave,
satellite, HDSL/MDSL, and BWA.
Series Connection of BSs

The range of configurations available suit most operators’ network
design plan and caters to large-capacity configuration, low-capacity
configuration, large and small capacity coverage in urban and
suburban areas.
Enables combination and supplementing of products in series
effectively optimizing network quality and helps improve
communication performance.
Interchange of modules: Most modules of BTSs connected in series are
interchangeable, facilitating operators to perform backup maintenance.
Cordwood extension structure: Satisfies customers’ extension
requirements at any time.
High Reliability
Supports advanced Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) and
Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) designs.
Remote RF supports fiber ring networking and link backup switchover.
Independent link switchover and board switchover improves
transmission reliability.

Clock system is compatible with Global Position System (GPS) and

GLONASS system.
Some boards feature 1+1 hot backup and N+1 backup.
GPS Control Module (GCM) guarantees short-term clock stability. In
case of synchronous GPS signal loss, lock status lasts for 24 hours
facilitating normal BS operations.
Convenient Operation and

Maintenance
Unified style, user-friendliness and easy-to-operate features characterize
Graphical User Interface (GUI) design. GUI provides topology view, tool
bar, and real cabinet layout diagram, enabling high maintenance and
management efficiency.

Chapter 3
System Description

ZXC10 BSCB product features.
All-IP BTS series products.
BSCB
This section describes BSCB appearance, structure and functions.
System Appearance
Figure 2 illustrates the BSCB cabinet appearance.
FI G U R E 2 - B S C B C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E
System Structure
The BSCB cabinet comprises power distribution shelf, service shelf, GPS
shelf and fan shelf from top to bottom. The shelves combine various
functional boards to form an independent unit. Various service
implementations follow different board configurations in the service shelf.

Service shelf functional categories are Level 1 switching shelf, control shelf
and resource shelf.
Note: For BSCB cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 BSCB (V8.16)
Base Station Controller - Hardware Manual.
System Functions
BSCB functional categories are switching subsystem, digital/trunk
subsystem, call control/signal processing subsystem, vocoder subsystem,
packet data processing subsystem, Dispatching Client Subsystem (DCS),
antenna protocol processing subsystem, clock subsystem, and
maintenance and control subsystem.
Following section lists functions of the subsystems:
Switching Subsystem
As system core, this subsystem is responsible for information exchange.
Digital/Trunk Subsystem
This subsystem implements Abis interface and BSC interconnection
functions providing IP, HIRS and ATM access.
Call Control/Signal Processing Subsystem

This subsystem is responsible for Signaling System 7 (SS7) MTP3 signal
processing, interface signaling layer-3 processing of A9, A3, A7, Abis and
air interfaces, BSC resource allocation, partial mobile management
function, partial BTS resource allocation and control, and system load
balance and control.
Vocoder Subsystem
This subsystem provides the vocoder function of voice encoding/decoding
required by CDMA200 systems. The subsystem provides the IWF function
of asynchronous circuit data service, G3 Fax service and Fax over IP
support. The subsystem provides E1/T1 and STM-1 trunk interfaces to
connect with traditional MSCs in addition to processing SS7 MTP1/2 signals.
Packet Data Processing Subsystem

This subsystem implements packet data service.
DCS
DCS implements PTT service.

Chapter 3 - System Description
Radio Protocol Processing Subsystem

This subsystem completes voice and data service selection, MAC
multiplexing and de-multiplexing, LAC signal processing and RLP data
service processing.
Clock Subsystem
The subsystem uses GPS or external (BITS, trunk) clock signals to provide
the system with TOD and PP2S for system synchronization.
Control and Maintenance Subsystem

This subsystem implements control and maintenance of functional
subsystems of the BSC system and monitors environment variables such
as, equipment room temperature, humidity, rack temperature, power
supply, and control of unauthorized entry. It provides background NMS
interface to implement foreground monitoring by background.
BTSB I1
This section describes BTSB I1 appearance, structure and functions.
System Appearance
Figure 3 illustrates the BTSB I1 cabinet appearance.
FI G U R E 3 - B T S B I 1 C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E
System Structure
The BTSB I1 cabinet consists of RF Subsystem (RFS) cabinet, Baseband
Digital System (BDS) cabinet and Power Subsystem (PWS) cabinet. As
Figure 4 illustrates, the three cabinets combine in different ways.

FI G U R E 4 - AS S E M B L E D C AB I N E T S
RFS
As BTSB I1 RF cabinet, RFS cabinet implements transmission/ reception
and amplification of RF signals. The three RFS functional subracks are
Transmitter Receiver (TRX) subrack, Power Amplifier (PA) subrack and
Radio Front End (RFE) subrack.
BDS
One cabinet has only one BDS subrack.

PWS
Cabinet selection is as per requirement.
Note: For BTSB I1 cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 BTSB I1
Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.
System Functions
Functionally, BTS I1 comprises BDS, RFS and PWS subsystems.
Functions of the subsystems are as follows:
BDS
BDS implements Abis interface processing, CDMA baseband signal
processing, RFS interface function and BS clock generation/distribution
function.
The BDS types are Master BDS (MBDS) and Slave BDS (SBDS). A BTS
system comprises MBDS and one to four/no SBDSs. Each MBDS or SBDS
establishes connection with one local RFS or multiple remote RFSs over
fiber cables.
RFS
RFS implements modulation/demodulation between baseband and RF
signals, in addition to amplification and reception of RF signals. RFS
consists of local RFS, which connects with BDS through cables, and remote
RFS, which connects to BDS through fiber cables.
PWS
PWS implements AC-to-DC conversion, AC/DC distribution, monitoring and
storage battery management, and provides -48 V BTS working power
supply. Use of PWS is necessary only in the absence of -48 V DC power
supply system in the equipment room.
BTSB I2
This section describes BTSB I2 appearance, structure and functions.
System Appearance
Figure 5 illustrates the BTSB I2 cabinet appearance.

FI G U R E 5 - B T S B I 2 C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E
System Structure
The integrated BTSB I2 cabinet comprises five shelves from top to bottom
that include, RFE, High Power Amplifier (HPA), PPM, TRX and BDS shelves.
Each shelf contains different boards.
Note: For BTSB I2 cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 BTSB I2
System Functions
BTSB I2 functionally comprises BDS and RFS.
BDS
BDS implements digital baseband processing such as, CDMA signal
modulation, demodulation, coding and decoding.
BTS must comprise one master cabinet and one/no slave cabinet.
RFS
RFS performs signal up/down conversion, forward signal power
amplification and backward signal low noise amplification, and provides
antenna feeder interfaces.
RFS comprises Local RFS (LRFS) and Remote RFS (RRFS). A single BTS
rack (one BDS) supports one LRFS that includes two carriers and three
sectors and up to six RRFSs.
BTSAE
This section describes BTSAE appearance, structure and functions.

System Appearance
Figure 6 illustrates the BTSAE cabinet appearance.
F I G U R E 6 - B T S AE C A B I N E T A P P E A R A N C E
System Structure
BTSAE cabinet comprises five subracks that include RFE, HPA, PPM, TRX
and BDS shelves. Each shelf contains different boards. The system
employs Enhanced BDS (EBDS) configuration in mixed mode of HIRS and
IP modules.
Note: For BTSB I2 cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 BTS AE
System Functions
BTSB AE functionally comprises EBDS, RFS, Timing & Frequency
Subsystem (TFS) and Power Subsystem (PS).
EBDS
EBDS comprises HIRS BDS called EBDS-HS, and IP-BDS called EBDS-IP.
EBDS implements 1x Release A and 1x EV-DO services.
Figure 7 illustrates EBDS slot diagram where the shaded parts contain
EBDS-IP.

FIGURE 7 - EBDS SLOT DIAGRAM
RFS
RFS provides air interface over the antennas and communicates with BDS
through RFIM. The RFS modulates/demodulates and transmits/receives
CDMA signals. The system also provides the relevant detection, monitoring,
configuration and control functions, and provides functions like cell
breathing, blossoming, and wilting.
TFS
As an important CDMA system component, TFS provides timing and
frequency references and provides baseband and RF clock signals to the
BDS and RFS.
PS
The PS supplies power to BTS boards, monitors faults, and reports results
to the background.
CBTS I1
This section describes CBTS I1 appearance, structure and functions.
System Appearance
Figure 8 illustrates the CBTS I1 cabinet appearance.

FI G U R E 8 - CBTS I 1 C AB I N E T AP P E AR AN C E
System Structure
CBTS I1 comprises two shelves; upper shelf contains 17 slots, having BDS
and TRX boards. The lower shelf contains RFE, Linear Power Amplifier (LPA)
and Power Amplifier Interface Module (PIM).
Note: For CBTS I1 cabinet structure and shelf functions, refer to ZXC10 CBTS I1
Compact Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.
System Functions
The CBTS I1 functionally comprises BDS and RFS. The use of PWS is
necessary in the absence of -48 V DC power in the equipment room.
BDS
BDS in a BTS best represents CDMA features including several key CDMA
technologies such as, diversity technology, RAKE reception, softer
handover, and power control. As BTS control center and communication
platform, it implements Abis interface communications and CDMA
baseband modulation/demodulation.
RFS
RFS implements setting up of BTS RF link, including partial baseband
processing, digital trunk, digital-analog conversion, RF modulation and
demodulation, forward power amplification, backward low noise
amplification, RFE functions. RFS comprises TRX and PA+RFE functional
entities.
PWS
PWS supplies power to the entire BTS, including AC-to-DC conversion,
AC/DC distribution and monitoring, and storage battery management.

OBTS O1
This section describes OBTS O1 appearance, structure and functions.
System Appearance
Figure 9 illustrates the appearance of OBTS O1 cabinets. OBTS O1
comprises BDSB O1 and RFSB O1 cabinets.
FI G U R E 9 - OBTS O1 S Y S T E M AP P E AR AN C E
1. RFSB O1 2. BDSB O1
System Structure
BDSB O1 and RFSB O1 have no cabinet subrack, and boards/modules
come pre-installed and fixed with the system.
Note: For BDSB O1 and RFSB O1 cabinet structures, refer to ZXC10 OBTS
O1Outdoor Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.
System Functions
OBTS O1 functionally comprises BDSB O1 and RFSB O1. The use of PWS is
necessary in the absence of -48 V DC power.
BDSB O1
Outdoor baseband station BDSB O1 employs independent or RFSB O2
combined networking. Following lists the system functions:
Provides baseband resource pool, completes CDMA physical layer
modulation and demodulation and supports up to twelve
carriers/sectors for DO application and approximately twenty four
carriers/sectors for 1x application.
BDSB O1 establishes BSC interconnection over the Abis interface and
provides at most 16 × E1 and built-in STM-1 interface.
BDSB O1 establishes either indoor or outdoor RFSB interconnection
through baseband - RF interface. It supports six pairs of fiber
interfaces.

RFSB O1
Outdoor RF station RFSB O1 employs independent or BDSB O1 combined
networking. It implements RF link processing in the forward direction and
backward direction:
Link processing in the forward direction follows digital baseband →
digital trunk → analog IF → RF → power amplification → duplex output.
Link processing in the backward direction follows duplex input → RF →
analog IF → digital IF → digital baseband.
OBTS O2
This section describes OBTS O2 appearance, structure and functions.
System Appearance
Figure 10 illustrates OBTS O2 cabinet appearance and comprises BDSB O1
and RFSB O2 cabinets. Both BDSB O1 and RFSB O2 cabinets are similar in
appearance.
FI G U R E 1 0 - OBTS O2 S Y S T E M AP P E AR AN C E
System Structure
BDSB O1 and RFSB O2 have no cabinet subrack, and boards/modules
come pre-installed and fixed with the system.
Note: For BDSB O1 and RFSB O2 cabinet structures, refer to ZXC10 OBTS O2
Outdoor Base Transceiver Station Hardware Manual.
System Functions
OBTS O2 functionally comprises BDSB O1 and RFS O2. The use of PWS is
necessary in the absence of direct -48 V DC power.
BDSB O1
Outdoor baseband station BDSB O1 employs independent or RFSB O2
combined networking. Following lists the system functions:

Provides baseband resource pool, completes CDMA physical layer

modulation and demodulation and supports twelve carriers/sectors in
DO application and approximately twenty four carriers/sectors in 1x
application.
BDSB O1 establishes BSC interconnection over the Abis interface and
provides at most 16 × E1 and built-in STM-1 interface.
BDSB O1 establishes either indoor or outdoor RFSB interconnection
through baseband - RF interface. It supports six pairs of fiber
interfaces.
RFSB O2
Outdoor RF station RFSB O2 employs independent or BDSB O1 combined
networking. It implements RF link processing in the forward direction and
backward direction:
Link processing in the forward direction follows digital baseband →
digital trunk → analog IF → RF → power amplification → duplex output.
Link processing in the backward direction follows duplex input → RF →
analog IF → digital IF → digital baseband.

Chapter 4
Service Functions

ZXC10 BSSB functions.
ZXC10 BSSB service features.
1x Release A Service Feature

Table 4 describes specific 1x release A functions.
TABLE 4 - 1X RELEASE A SERVICE FUNCTIONS
Service
Description
Function
Voice service Supports setup of voice call originated from Mobile Station (MS).
Supports setup of voice call to MS.
Supports follow-on fast call setup.
Supports MS-originated voice call rejection and release under
exceptional circumstances.
Supports MSC-originated voice call rejection and release under
Supports BSS-originated voice call rejection and release under
Supports 8K, 13K and 8K EVRC voice codes.
Supports SMV follow-on voice code.
Supports WSC follow-on voice code.
Supports follow-on TFO.
Supports Transcoder Free Operation (TrFO).
Supports Remote Transcoder Operation (RTO).
Supports follow-on circuit switched video conferencing calls.
Supports follow-on voice-over-IP (VoIP).

Service
Description
Function
Supports RC1/2 calls.
Supports RC3 calls.
Supports follow-on voice preference over packet (VPOP).
Supports preferred CIC calls.
Supports packet data service rates up to 307.2 Kb/s.
Supports setup of packet data call originated from MS.
Packet Supports setup of packet data call to MS.

data Supports MS-originated data call rejection and release under
service exceptional circumstances.
Supports MSC-originated data call rejection and release under
Supports BSS-originated data call rejection and release under
Supports PDSN-originated data call rejection and release under
Supports status transition from Active to Dormant originated by MS
and BSS.
Supports status transition from Dormant to Active originated by MS
and PDSN.
Supports status transition from Active to NULL originated by MS and
PDSN.
Supports status transition from Dormant to NULL originated by MS.
Supports FSCH scheduling.
Supports configurable FSCH scheduling.
Supports RSCH scheduling.
Supports configurable RSCH scheduling.
Supports FSCH hard handoff.
Supports FSCH soft handoff.
Supports follow-on short data bursts to PDSN.
Supports follow-on short data bursts to the MS.
BSC rejects follow-on short data bursts to MS.
Supports follow-on ISDN Interworking.
Supports follow-on AAA-based radio network packet data inactivity
timer (RN-PDIT).
Supports follow-on always-on service.
Supports follow-on flow control.
Supports follow-on 1x-Evolved high-speed integrated data and voice.
Supports follow-on flexible rates.
Supports follow-on enhanced rate adaptation mode (ERAM).

Chapter 4 - Service Functions
Service
Description
Function
Supports IS707.4 protocol.
Supports IS707.7 protocol.
Supports asynchronous data service.
Supports G3 fax service.
Circuit data
Supports analog fax service.
service
Supports circuit data service built-in IWF of BSC.
Supports fax from fixed station to fixed telephone.
Supports fax between fixed stations.
Supports fax from fixed network to fixed station.
Supports call wait.
Supports three-party service.
Supports call forwarding.
Supplementary
Supports call transfer.
service
Supports emergency calls.
Supports DTMF function.
Provides carrier access selection for subscribers.
Supports setup of data service with concurrent originated voice call
services.
Supports setup of data service with concurrent terminated voice call
services.
Supports setup of voice service with concurrent originated data call
services.
Supports setup of voice service with concurrent terminated data call
services.
Supports MS-originated concurrent packet data service.
Supports MS-originated concurrent voice service.
Concurrent
service Supports single-instance release originated by MS/MSC/PDSN in
concurrent service status.
Supports all-call release originated by MS/MSC/PDSN in concurrent
service status.
Supports handoff during concurrent services.
Supports pseudo concurrent services.
Supports reactivation from dormant status up on network-originated
call during voice service activation over MS.
Supports reactivation from dormant status up on network-originated
call when MS completes handoff of voice service in the BSS or
between PCFs during concurrent voice service activation over MS.
Short message Supports MS-originated control channel SMs.
service
Supports MS-terminated control channel SMs.

Service
Description
Function
Supports MS-originated service channel SMs.
Supports MS-terminated service channel SMs.
Supports broadcast of SMs.
Supports 5 ms follow-on messaging.
Supports Markov calling service.
Supports called service that Markov originates from OMC.
Test call service Supports TDSO calling service.
Supports TDSO called service.
Supports statistics of test call parameters.
Supports access handoff of each service call.
Supports tentative access handoff of each service call.
Supports assigned soft handoff entry of each service call.
Supports access entry handoff of each service call.
Supports service call handoff at service negotiation phase.
Supports RC semisoft handoff replacement of each service call.
Supports FO semisoft handoff replacement of each service call.
Supports carrier semisoft handoff replacement of each service call.
Supports HandDown and HandOver semisoft handoff modes of each
service call.
Voice service
Supports inter-BSC hard handoff add-on of each service call.
handoff
Supports inter-BSC hard handoff drop of each service call.
Supports inter-MSC hard handoff add-on of each service call.
Supports inter-MSC hard handoff drop of each service call.
Supports soft/softer handoff of each service call.
Supports quick soft/softer handoff of each service call.
Supports soft handoff between interconnected BSCs with voice service
function.
Supports 6-party soft handoff.
Supports configurable number of PNs for valid soft handoff sets.
Supports PilotBeacon handoff.
Packet data Supports active handoff between BSC and PCF under same PDSN.
service handoff
Supports active handoff between BSC and PCF under different PDSNs.
Supports dormant handoff between BSC and PCF under same PDSN.
Supports dormant handoff between BSC and PCF under different
PDSNs.
Supports active handoff from 3G to 2G.
Supports active handoff from 2G to 3G.

Service
Description
Function
Supports dormant handoff from 3G to 2G.
Supports dormant handoff from 2G to 3G.
Supports follow-on fast handoff.
Supports alternate dormant handoff.
Supports intergeneration packet data handoff.
Supports soft handoff code combination (CCSH).
Mobility Controls MS registration process of MS power-on, power-off and
management timing, as well as registration alteration depending on distance and
parameters.
Updates SSD of control channel.
Updates SSD of service channel.
Controls parameter update process.
Manages unique authentication of control channel.
Manages unique authentication of service channel.
Controls follow-on voice, data and signaling encryption process.
Supports terminal status query.
Message wait indication (MWI).
Supports service redirection.
Terrestrial Blocks terrestrial circuit.
circuit
management Unblocks terrestrial circuit.
Resets terrestrial circuit.
Resets global system.
Changes vocoder mode.
Supports overload control.
Radio resource Supports channel element configuration.
management
Supports pilot channel configuration.
Supports paging channel configuration.
Supports access channel configuration.
Supports quick paging channel configuration.
Supports FCH configuration.
Supports DCCH configuration.
Supports SCH configuration.
Supports CE resource front backward allocation.
Supports frame offset resource backward allocation.
Supports Walsh Code resource forward allocation.
Supports backward open loop power control.
Supports backward closed/outer loop power control.

Service
Description
Function
Supports backward outer loop power control.
Supports forward closed loop power control.
Supports follow-on rescue channel.
Supports follow-on reverse FCH gating.
Supports follow-on network directed system selection.
V5 interface Supports voice service function of V5 interface.
Supports packet data service function of V5 interface.
Supports circuit data service function of V5 interface.
Supports inter-BSC roaming of V5 interface.
Supports inter-BSC soft handoff of V5 interface.
Optimizes overload control of V5 signaling link.
Supports mobile order wire of V5 interface.
Supports display of V5 caller number.
Other service Supports service negotiation function and service option negotiation
functions function.
Supports caller number display/restriction.
Supports coherent demodulation of BTS backward link.
Answer holding.
User follow-on zone.
Supports OTASP (Over-the-air service provisioning)/OTAPA (over the
air parameter administration).
Accounting update due to parameter changes.
Data ready to send (DRS) indicator.
Previous and current access network identifiers (PANID/CANID).
PDSN selection algorithm.
Supports follow-on common channel packet data (CCPD).
Supports location service function.
Supports public CDMA WLL service function.
Supports global service redirection function.
Supports equipment operation and maintenance function.
1x EV-DO Service Function

Table 5 describes specific 1x EV-DO functions.

TABLE 5 - 1X EV-DO SERVICE FUNCTIONS
Service
Description
Function
Call Supports forward traffic channel variable-data-rate transmission from
Processing 4.8 Kb/s to 3.072 Mb/s.
handoff Supports reverse traffic channel peak rate at 1.8432 Mbps.
Supports 1x EV-DO location management.
Supports IS856 authentication.
Supports 1x EV-DO access authentication.
Supports key exchange.
Supports session establishment.
Supports session hold.
Supports session release.
Supports protocol and configuration parameter negotiation.
Supports AT-originated connection establishment.
Supports AN-originated connection establishment in common

mode.
Supports AN-originated connection establishment in quick mode.
Supports connection release.
Supports reactivation of AT status from Dormant to Active.
Supports quick access channel connection establishment.
Supports variable and fixed rate of forward service channels.
Supports 1x EV-DO idle handoff.
Supports intra-BSC soft handoff.
Supports intra-BSC softer handoff.
Supports forward virtual soft handoff.
Supports inter-AN handoff via A13 interface.
Supports idle handoff from 1x to 1x EV-DO.
Supports idle handoff from 1x EV-DO to 1x.
Wireless MS/AT receives voice calls from 1x network during packet data session
Channel of Active 1x EV-DO.
Management
Supports Active packet data handoff from 1x to 1x EV-DO.
Supports Active packet data handoff from 1x EV-DO to 1x.
Supports enhanced control channel.
Supports overhead message protocol.
Supports timeslot mode of control channel.
Supports forward channel scheduling.
Supports backward capacity overload control.
Supports user congestion overload control.

Service
Description
Function
Supports forward flow maximum rate limit.
QoS Supports multiple A8/A10 connections.
Supports multi-flow packet application configuration attribute and
session information.
Supports forward/reverse multiple RLP flows.
Supports admission control.
Supports QoS scheduling in Forward link.
BCMCS Supports Broadcast-Multicast Service
CDMA2000 Service Functions

Table 6 describes specific CDMA2000 service functions.
T A B L E 6 – C D M A2 0 0 0 S E R V I C E F U N C T I O N S
Service
Description
Function
Basic Services Group call.
Private call.
Broadcast call.
Supplementary Short number dialing.
Services
Emergency call.
Pre-emptive priority call.
Priority: includes call priority, service priority, and group member call
right preemption priority.
Queue application with call right.
Late join.
Call status prompt.
Dynamic regrouping.
Wireless group management.
Radio status query of group members.
Group number presentation.
User number presentation and display restriction.
Incoming call alert on busy or call alert.
Talking Time Limitation.
Out of service area indication.
Missed call prompt.

Service
Description
Function
Trunking call forwarding.
Call barring.
Forced insertion/disassembly of dispatch console.
Do not disturb.
Dispatch
Management Dispatch console.
Functions Required by Non-RTT

Protocol
Table 7 describes specific non-RTT protocol functions.
TABLE 7 - FUNCTIONS REQUIRED BY NON-RTT PROTOCOL
Service
Description
Function
Non-RTT Supports RF long haul and overhaul coverage function of BTS (AE/I2).
Protocol
Functions Supports different bands of BTS under one BSC.
Supports adoption of different bands at different sectors under one
BTS.
Supports architecture for separation of baseband and RF.
Supports system concatenation of BDS.
Supports monitoring of peripheral BTS power supply, which is
exclusive to ZTE power supply system.
Supports smooth upgrade of 1x Release A, EV-DO and future EV-DV
for mixed insertion with channel boards.
Supports large-mode BS function of CHM5K.
Supports multi-carrier digital intermediate frequency.
Supports RF system pre-distortion (for I1/CBTS systems).
Provides primary power supply integration of BTSB I1, CBTS, OBTS O1
and OBTS O2, and supports direct supply of 220AC/110AC/-48VDC
power.
Provides environment monitoring integration.
Provides order wire integration (support schedule: in 2006).
Provides built-in SDH integration.
Supports forward transmit diversity (support schedule: in 2006).
Supports receive diversity.
Supports low noise amplifiers of primary diversity.

Service
Description
Function
Supports broadband combiner and narrowband combiner (filter
combiner).
Supports distributed processing platform.
Supports DSP noise suppression.
Supports DSP echo cancellation.
Supports call setup when GPS has no antenna feeder.
Supports GLONASS clock function.
Supports optical fiber transmission of A interface.
Supports T1 transmission of A interface and Abis interface.
Supports star and chain networking of Abis interface.
Supports star, chain and ring networking between the base band and
RF (support schedule: multi-networking support not until first half of
2006).
Supports radio frequency.
Supports No.7 American standard.
Supports automatic calibration.
Supports PA enabling, management and re-enabling functions.
Supports “1+1” active and standby modes for all system control
boards and key boards.
Supports active/standby switchover and call protection of key system
processing modules.
Supports load sharing and link backup for communication via Abis
interface, and supports fiber networking backup.
BTSB I1 and CBTS support fiber ring networking and link backup for
long-haul RFS, and link switchover and board switchover being
independent of each other.
All boards support powerful “system hot swap” function.
Provides system redundancy of channel elements, vocoder elements,
selector elements and PCF elements in the form of resource pools.
Blocks or unblocks each carrier frequency.
Supports multi-carrier call load balance.
Supports calls at a specified carrier frequency.
Supports dynamic call adjustment between carrier frequencies.
Supports sharing and allocation of optimization load of BSC resources.
Supports CE carrier frequency and sector sharing.
Supports dynamic download and upgrade of FPGA/BTS BOOT
(exclusive to IP base stations)/MCU/CPU system software.
Supports forward power overload control of cells.
Supports power overload control of backward equivalent users.
Supports adjustment of power control threshold.

Service
Description
Function
Supports setting of diverse FER threshold management for different
SCH rates.
Supports CMP/CCM call overload control.
Supports No.7 link overload control.
Supports attenuation control of transmitting/receiving links.
Supports configurable test call parameters.
Supports tool (NTP) for performance parameter statistics and analysis
of test calls.
Supports test calls made with a specified resource.
Supports dynamic system resource occupancy status query.
Supports sensitivity test of backward wireless links.
Supports RSSI detection.
Supports recording and analysis of call exceptions that occur during
signal tracing, service observation, performance statistics and
exception probe.
Supports GPS clock fault detection.
Supports secondary paging.
Supports secondary channel assignment.
Supports configurable interval for transmitting ECAM messages.
Supports frame number check.
Supports configurable frame number check.
Supports dynamic adjustment of frame threshold check backward
deletion.


Chapter 5
Operation and Maintenance

System

ZXC10 BSSB OMC structure and functions.
BSS implements system O&M functions through OMC. OMC software
follows client/server architecture. The application server receives requests
from clients, implements service and database processing, and sends
requests to BSS. It then processes and returns results to the client,
realizing O&M functions. The server manages all service functions in a
centralized manner, and handles processing, which the client cannot
realize.
System Architecture
OMC provides network management at each level like Provincial Operation
& Maintenance Center (POMC), Local Operations and Maintenance Center
(LOMC), and Operation and Maintenance Module (OMM).
OMM Architecture
Each OMM manages NE including sub-devices. As Figure 11 illustrates, the
standard configuration consists of two OMM servers, two maintenance
consoles and one alarm box.

F I G U R E 1 1 - O M M AR C H I T E C T U R E
Alarm box
NE
HUB
Data
Maintenance Maintenance
OMMServer OMMServer
console console
As Figure 11 illustrates, if NE does not offer 1x EV-DO function, addition of

session server to the architecture becomes necessary.
POMC/LOMC Architecture
As Figure 12 illustrates, POMS architecture is similar to LOMC. The
difference lies in POMC interconnection with LOMC and OMM. LOMC
enables only centralized management of multiple OMMs. The hardware
comprises server, work station and communication equipment. The server
implements disk array configuration. The communication equipment
comprises router and interface converter to communicate with lower level
OMM. OMM implements the corresponding communication equipment
configuration.
FI G U R E 1 2 - POMC/LOMC AR C H I T E C T U R E
POMC / LOMC
Disk array
...
OMCServer OMCServer Work Work
Alarm box
station station
HUB
Router
Interface Interface Interface Interface

converter converter converter converter
OMM 1 OMM 2 OMM 3 LOMC

Chapter 5 - Operation and Maintenance System
System Functions
Topology Management
Displays topology connection, link connection/disconnection and
operational status of all managed NEs in the form of topology map. Main
topology management functions cover:
Network layout topology map zoom in, zoom out and filter.
Topology monitor function displays the managed network topology
map in a dynamic and real time mode, and monitors network resource
configuration, alarms and performance.
Topology map configuration.
Log Management
Log records system background status information during system
operations. System logs cover command log, event report log, security log
and system log. Log management implements log query, deletion, filter,
and backup functions.
Policy Management
Policy management enables NMS to automatically perform specific
operations in special conditions, such as backup and clearance of log
database and synchronization of upper-level and lower-level performance
tasks.
System Management
Implements IP address management along with application server and
database management inside the system. Following lists system
management functions:
IP equipment management includes workstation, application server
and database server.
Application server management is part of system management tool to
view server performance, server performance background monitoring
configuration.
Manage database server to back up/recover, view, clear and set the
database maintenance plan.
Security Management
Ensure legal system use by authorized users. The following lists security
management functions:
Manage roles, user groups and users, and ensure that login users have
limited management rights to certain NEs.
View or customize user account rule.

Manage login users.
Report Management
NMS (Network Management System) software provides standard default
reports like query, deletion, preview, export, ad print functions, which the
user can customize accordingly.
Configuration Management
Configuration management covers physical equipment configuration, radio
resource configuration, and SS7 configuration.
Physical configuration includes BSS physical equipment at the background
database including, BSS, BSC, BTS, racks, shelves, boards, chips, units
and physical equipment, and their connections. SS7 and radio
configuration is as per physical configurations.
Radio resources include CE, frame offset, radio channels, WALSH code and
power. Configuration of resources, BSSs, cells, carriers and channels are
such that enable foreground to reasonably allocate and release resources.
Signal configuration refers to BSC signal parameter configurations that
include local exchange (BSC) configuration, neighbor exchange (MSC)
configuration, MTP configuration (or SIGTRAN configuration) and SSN
configuration.
After configuration, data integrity check, and in case of no error,
information synchronization occurs with respect to foreground through
data synchronization module to make information effective in the
foreground.
Alarm Management
Alarm management module can monitor NEs of the entire network, collect
abnormal information found in NE operation, and displays information
collected in text, graphics, sound and lights. This mechanism informs O&M
personnel in time of alarm information, and enables them to take
appropriate action, ensuring the base station system runs normally and
reliably. Following lists PIM functions:
Alarm collection
Alarm handling by category/level
Alarm display, query, and statistical analysis
Alarm rule handling
Alarm repository
Alarm synchronization
Controlling foreground NE
Performance Management
Performance management provides statistics and analysis functions for
gauging system performance. It helps users discover hidden problems

Chapter 5 - Operation and Maintenance System
early, and enables them to take corrective action to balance network load
and improve network performance. In addition, it helps users predict
network expansion picture in advance by performing analysis on some call
performance indices. Performance management also obtains technical data
of network optimization to provide reference basis for studying coverage,
traffic capacity and system scale in the target district during network
planning. Following lists PIM functions:
Performs data collection and report.
Customize, query, modify and delete performance tasks.
Query original performance data. Original performance data is
according to BSC, BTC, CELL and sub-system. Service types consist of
voice service, data service, short message service and PTT service.
Provides system performance index calculation formula.
Sets query condition by means of statistics template. Flexibly queries
all system performance indices.
Customize index required by users based on system default
performance index, and customize statistics template to query such
indices.
System Tools
For convenience of debugging and system management, OMC provides a
variety of debugging tools to manage distributed version files, monitor
operational status of communications and processes, debug system and
view system resource information. Following lists the tools involved.
Diagnostic Test
Test base station equipment, switching equipment boards, communication
link and other CDMA mobile telecommunication network hardware
equipment to ascertain the equipment operational status, and help users
diagnose fault position and fault cause. Test items consist of module test,
communication test and special tests. Test modes include instant test and
routine test.
Version Management
Implements upgrade and version maintenance of CPU software, FPGA
software, MCU software, BOOT software on the BSS foreground hardware
module. Version management performs version download, query
synchronization, maintenance, and parameter management of boards in
the BSS.
Base Station Information Monitoring

Provides real-time observation and history query functions for base station
system indices like, use of system resources, RFS radio data real-time
observation, use of CES link. Enables users monitor real-time operational
status of various indices leading to easy implementation and maintenance.
Dynamic Management

Monitors base station system data. Enables users to operate foreground

physical equipment resources like VE, SE, CHIM, FWDCE, REVCE, CE,
wireless resources like cell, carrier frequency, No.7 signaling link,
terrestrial circuit, etc. on the background, set foreground parameters by
man-machine interaction. The purpose is to manage dynamic system
resources and dynamic parameters, and to provide necessary technical
instruments for system debugging and management.
Signal Tracing
Signal tracing modules perform application layer signal tracing. Tracing
objects include standard interfaces like A interface, air interface, internal
interfaces like Abis interface, Am interface, and MTP3 layer and SCCP
intra-office signaling. System can show trace signals, display signal
structure tree, save signals to file and view history files. It also provides
reference tool for system debugging and operations.
Monitoring Services
Provide debugging tools to monitor the operational status of services. Main
functions are monitoring process data area, service process number, call,
release, switching, SCH services etc.

Chapter 6
Reliability Design

ZXC10 BSSB system hardware and software design reliability.
System Design Reliability

Electromagnetic compatibility
ZXC10 BSSB complies with international Electromagnetic compatibility
(EMC) standards associated with communication products.
System maintenance design

Simple internal cable routing inside the cabinet enables easy cable
removal when replacing faulty boards. Such situations require removing
only cables related to a particular faulty board. When replacing boards,
directly unplug, plug and replace boards. Indicator flash helps identify
normal system operational status.
Monitoring and handling system faults

The system automatically detects, diagnoses software and hardware faults,
reports and generates corresponding alarms. It records and outputs faults,
and simultaneously collects environment information, and helps identify
problems and reports them in real time.

Hardware Design Reliability

Simplified design
A simple system design and reasonable function layout reduces the
number of board types. The board design involves minimum complications
while ensuring full functionality.
Component design
Stringent quality controls on components ensure component reliability.
Use of universal components belonging to a standard manufacturer
ensures ease of component replacement and reliable functioning.
According to design requirements, component de-rating further improves
component reliability.
For power components that are part of power converter and AC/DC
power module, load power under normal operations is less than 70%
of rated output power.
For used IC components, serving frequency rate is less than the
maximum permissible frequency. Components like FPGA, EPLD, SDRAM
and RS-422 drive require de-rating.
To reduce instant current impact, all ICs have a decoupling capacitor at
the input power end.
The capacitor dielectric strength is usually greater than 30% of
working voltage.
Redundancy design
Some boards follow 1+1 hot backup mode and N+1 hot backup. Power
section follows mutual backup.
Thermal Design
BSC and BTS follow forced air cooling to keep working temperature within
reasonable range in the rack. Larger power consumption by high power
amplifier necessitates use of exclusive air ducts.
Protection Design
Working ground of internal grounding cable is separate from protection.
Internal grounding with external ground connection requires uniform
grounding of rack exterior while maintaining overall grounding resistance
less than or equal to 5 ohm.
Interference Resistance Design

Rack power inlet port configuration with power cable filter enables
resistance to interference and radiation.

Chapter 6 - Reliability Design
The rack power input interface and AC/DC rack position configuration
corresponds to resistance protection from surge current and voltage.
Security Design
Electrical risk resistance design
Separating rack shelves from working ground satisfy relevant
insulation requirements.
Mechanical risk resistance design
Scientific distribution of the gravity center of rack ensures rack stability
after normal installation.
Design Test
For all board designs, tests under normal operations ensure reliability.
Lower level board configuration tests with corresponding I2C and RS-485
interfaces ensure proper board design.
Software Design Reliability

Software development conforms to Capability Maturity Model (CMM)
specifications. Stringent technical analysis and reviews improve
performance.
Demand Analysis Stage

Demand information collection, careful analysis and review of demand
description ensures description completeness and accuracy.
Design Stage
Applications of following designs ensure software reliability:
Structured and modular program design application.
Error tolerance design application.
General, overall and detailed design is subject to stringent technical
review.
Walkthrough, inspection and peer review enables code defect
examination.
Function point design features high cohesion and low coupling.
Software modules are not closely related. Occurrence of abnormal
conditions on function points ensure fault is hard to spread enabling
easy and convenient fault tracing and removal.
Key operation supports backtrack.
Availability of flow control function.

When the system informs users of operation completion in a closed

server environment, all configuration data from the last operational
state remain in the next booting.
OMC detects the discrepancy arising out of foreground equipment. It
completes data synchronization in manual or automatic mode.
In normal operational status, different data and states in the client,
server and equipment make detection and recovery possible.
Input data is subject to consistency examination. In addition, data
protection function is available.
Login and operation security protection is available.
Regular operational data backup is available in addition to key system
software configuration files. These measures ensure data
reconstruction of the latest backup point after complete system
collapse.
Test Stage
Tests are an essential instrument to improve software quality.
Independent development stages of software modules involve application
of strict emulated verification in the unit test. The integration test plan
follows module development completion. System test begins on successful
integration test completion. System test comprises system performance
test, service function test, interface protocol consistency test, system
capacity test and system large load test. On attaining system test maturity,
access network test starts. On-site trial test follows the successful
completion of access network test.
Application of test data improves design.
Maintenance Stage
The software patch function upgrades the designated functional modules
on-line instead of interfering with normal software operations.

Chapter 7
Interfaces and Protocols

Interface types in typical CDMA networks – A Interface, V5 interface,
Um interface, and Abis interface.
Base Station System (BSS) provides several external interfaces such as, A
interface, V5 interface and Um interface. The communication interface
between BSS and Mobile Switching Center Emulation (MSCe)/Media
Gateway (MGW), Packet Data Service Node (PDSN), and Packet Control
Function (PCF) is the A interface.
The A interface conforms to IOS5.0 and IOS4.* standards. Interface
between Mobile Station (MS) and BSS is Um interface, interface between
BSC and local exchange is V5, interface between BSC and BTS is Abis and
conforms to IS-2000 Release A specifications and CDMA 2000 HRPD
definition.
A Interface
Figure 13 illustrates A Interface in a 1x network.

FIGURE 13 - A INTERFACE IN A 1X NETWORK
Figure 14 illustrates A Interface in a 1x EV-DO network.
FIGURE 14 - A INTERFACE IN A 1X EV-DO NETWORK
According to illustrations of Figure 13 and Figure 14, external A interfaces

of BSS include A1/A1p, A2/A2p, A3, A7, A8, A9, A10, A11, A8d, A10d,
A11d, A12, and A13 interfaces.
A1 Interface
The A1 interface bears signaling messages related to call processing,
mobility management, radio resource management, authentication, and
encryption between the BSS and MSC.
Figure 15 illustrates the A1 interface protocol structure.

Chapter 7 - Interfaces and Protocols
F I G U R E 1 5 - A1 I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T R U C T U R E
Physical Layer
Multiple standard interfaces such as E1, T1 or STM-1.
Message Transfer Part (MTP) and SCCP layers

MTP1, MTP2, MTP3 and SCCP are SS7 signaling protocol contents. As
Figure 16 illustrates, the basic SS7 functional structure consists of MTP
and User Part (UP).
FIGURE 16 - SS7 BASIC FUNCTIONAL STRUCTURE
UP UP
UP UP
UP MTP UP
As the message transfer system, MTP reliably transmits signaling

messages between communicating users. According to specific functions,
three levels of MTP classification exists. As Figure 17 illustrates the three
levels and UP together form the 4-level SS7 structure.

FIGURE 17 - MTP HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE
Signaling Signaling
point A point B
Level 4 User level User level
Level 3 Signaling network Signaling network

function level function level
Signaling link Signaling data link

Level 2
control level level
Level 1 Signaling data link Signaling data link

level level
Level 1 (MTP1)
MTP1 defines the physical, electrical function features and link access
methods of data link signaling.
Level 2 (MTP2)
MTP2 defines the function and program of transferring signaling messages
over data link. Level 2, along with MTP1 ensures that transfer of signaling
messages takes place reliably over two signaling points.
Level 3 (MTP3)
MTP3 helps transmit messages to the proper signaling link or UP. In the
face of barrier or congestion, this level can complete the recombination of
network signaling to ensure reliable transfer of signaling messages.
Level 4
Level 4 is an application layer that consists of a variety of UPs. In the
example, A1 level signaling occurs prior to SCCP level expansion.
In order to expand SS7 transport function and maintaining consistency
between SS7 and OSI reference model, addition of MTP3 to SCCP and TC
modules suit applications of SS7 to IN, NMS, Public Land Mobile Network
and N-ISDN supplementary services.
Signaling transmission model formed by MTP and SCCP is similar to the
bottom three OSI layers. MTP1 performs the OSI physical layer function
and MTP2 performs the OSI data link layer function. MTP3 and SCCP
perform the OSI network layer function together.
Compared with IOS2.1 version, IOS4.X standard defines more A1 signaling
interface contents:
Support for packet data call.

Support for preferred terrestrial circuit.

A2 Interface
As Figure 18 illustrates, A2 and A1 interfaces pair up, A1 bearing PCM data
signals, and A2 bearing voice services at the rate of 64 Kb/s or 56 Kb/s.
F I G U R E 1 8 - A2 I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T A C K S T R U C T U R E
64/ 56 kbit/s PCM Data
E1/T1
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) is a voice code modulation where analog

voice conversion takes place at 64 Kb/s or 56 Kb/s using analog/data
conversion and PCM code. In China and Europe the code rule where PCM
transmits each received voice channel at 64 Kb/s over E1 trunk lines. In
the American μ code rule PCM transmits received voice channels at 56
Kb/s over T1 trunk lines.
A1p Interface
2G BSS uses A1 and A2 interfaces to connect with 3G CS core network.
ADM transmission uses both A1 and A2 interfaces.
3G BSS uses A1p and A2p interfaces to connect with 3G CS core network.
IP transmission uses both A1p and A2p interfaces.
A1p interface functions as the signaling interface connecting MSC and 3G

BSC. Figure 19 illustrates the A1p protocol stack structure.
F I G U R E 1 9 - A1 P I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T A C K S T R U C T U R E
SCTP
SCTP provides a reliable message transport in IP networks.
An association is a SCTP connection between two endpoints. A logical

aggregation of streams constitutes one SCTP association. A stream is a

unidirectional logical channel between two endpoints. Bi-directional

communication requires two streams, one for each direction. SCTP
specifies the user stream attaching each user message originating from
the user application. A stream identifier exists for each stream within an
association. Each SCTP stream is an independent flow of user messages
flowing from one node to another. This stream independent characteristic
provides a mechanism to avoid and/or manage blocking between streams.
SUA
SUA supports signaling messages between the MSCe and BS. BSAP uses
one SUA signaling connection for the transfer of layer 3 (A1p) messages
per MS.
SUA uses both connectionless (Class 0) and connection-oriented (Class 2)

procedures to support BSAP. The procedures in this specification identify
whether connection-oriented or connectionless procedures can use each
layer 3 (A1p) procedure.
The use of SUA is within the standards defined in the equivalent subset of
SCCP functions.
A2p Interface
The A2p interface functions as the voice bearer service interface
connecting MGW and 3G BSC. Figure 20 illustrates the A2p protocol stack
structure.
F I G U R E 2 0 - A2 P I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T A C K S T R U C T U R E
The protocol stack options for transport of user traffic over A2p available
to operators and manufacturers include EVRC or SMV, PCM (G.711), 13K,
DTMF.
A3 Interface
The mobile station uses A3 interface for soft handoff (Base Station
Controller [BSC] interconnection) of signaling and service information
between BSSs in the service channel state.

A3 interfaces are of two types: A3 signaling interface and A3 service

interface. Figure 21 illustrates the protocol stack structure of A3 signaling
interface.
F I G U R E 2 1 – A3 I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T A C K S T R U C T U R E
A3 Signal
TCP
IP
AAL5
ATM
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
The ZXC10 BSSB equipment uses E1/T1 trunk cables or Ethernet.
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a data transfer mode that combines
packet transfer with circuit transfer features. This mode breaks down the
digital information into data blocks of 48 bits each. Each data block adds
header data (cell header in ATM terminology) at the beginning of data
blocks. They form the cell with 53 bits. This feature is similar to packet
transfer.
Cells from different message sources queue in the receiving buffer.
According to the “first in and first out” principle, they are output to the
transmission line. This feature is similar to packet transfer. The difference
lies in the fact that ATM cell has fixed length and that data packet length is
variable.
Because of ATM fixed cell length, time-division multiplexing mode employs
use of similar circuit transfer. The ATM cell placed in circuit transmission
evolves to ATM transmission mode. Different from circuit transfer mode,
ATM cells do not have fixed time slot numbers.
AAL5
ATM Adaptation Layer (ATM Adaptation Layer) provides adaptation
function to various ATM transmission services, and makes the service
suitable for ATM transfer. AAL uses five different protocols: AAL1, AAL2,
AAL3, AAL4 and AAL5. AAL5 uses A3 interface; AAL2 uses A7 interface.
AAL5 transmits larger data packets; AAL2 enables voice service
transmission at variable transfer rates.
IP
IP is the TCP/IP network layer protocol. IP packets contain destination and
transmitting end IP addresses.

TCP
TCP is the TCP/IP transport layer protocol that provides connection-
oriented and flow control services to packet data ensuring reliable packet
transmission. TCP packets contain the destination application TCP port
number and transmitting end application TCP port number.
A3 Signaling
A3 signaling establishes one or more A3 service interface links. It releases
an established A3 service interface link and provides the function of
notifying the home service channel status change.
Figure 22 illustrates the A3 service interface protocol stack structure.
A3 Traffic
SSSAR
AAL2
ATM
Physical Layer
SSSAR
SSSAR offers segmentation and reassembly function for specific services.
Segments the upper layer PDU and forwards it to AAL2; reassembles the
received AAL2 data in upper layer PDU according to a specific order and
forwards it to the upper layer protocol stack.
A7 Interface
A7 interface switching occurs between BSSs when the mobile station is
beyond the service channel state.
Figure 23 illustrates the A7 interface protocol stack structure.
A7 Signal
TCP
IP
AAL5
ATM
Physical Layer

Physical Layer
See section on A3 Interface.
ATM Layer
AAL5
For A, see section on A3 Interface.
IP Layer
TCP Layer
A7 Signaling
Following lists the A7 signaling functions:
Supports soft/softer handoff between BSSs.
Supports access or access probe handoff between BSSs.
Supports channel assignment and soft/softer handoff between BSSs.
Source BSS requests destination BSS to allocate resources to support
specific calls.
Destination BSS responds to source BSS request to allocate resources.
Source BSS requests destination BSS to release radio resources to
support the physical channel.
Destination BSS responds to the source BSS request to release
resources.
Destination BSS requests the source BSS to remove one or more cells.
Source BSS responds to destination BSS request to remove cell(s).
Source BSS requests sending of specific message over the specific
paging channel of destination BSS.
Destination BSS responds to the BSS request to send paging channel
messages.
Destination BSS sends the message received from the access channel
to the source BSS.
Source BSS responds to the access channel message sent by
destination BSS.
Source BSS requests the destination BSS to reserve and allocate radio
resources supporting specific burst data transmission.
Destination BSS responds to the source BSS request to allocate and
reserve radio resources.

A8 Interface
The A8 interface bears packet data transmission between BSS and PCF.
GRE
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
No specific requirements.
Link Layer
IP Layer
Network layer bears the upper layer protocol stack data transmission
between different networks.
GRE Layer
GRE layer defines the data encapsulation tunneling protocols, carries
forward the protocol PDU as packet payload of another protocol, without
encapsulating IP packets. The IP packet header encapsulation by GRE
consists of external layer header, GRE header and internal layer IP header.
GRE protocol encapsulates the PPP protocol stack PDU between the mobile
station and Packet Data Serving Node (PDSN).
A9 Interface
The A9 interface bears the signaling transmission between BSS and PCF.

A9 Signal
TCP/UDP
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Link Layer
IP Layer
TCP/UDP Layer
The transport layer uses port 5603 to maintain UDP/TCP connection
bearing A9 interface signals. UDP is a connectionless protocol.
A9 Signaling
BSS requests PCF to originate the A8 link creation.
PCF responds to the BSS request of creating the A8 link.
PCF requests the BSS to originate a call creation process of a particular
service.
BSS responds to the PCF request of originating the creation of a
specific service call.
BSS requests the PCF to release A8 link.
PCF responds to the BSS request of releasing the A8 link.
PCF requests the BSS to release A8 link.
BSS responds to the PCF request of releasing the A8 link.
PCF requests the BSC to reactivate packet data service.
BSS responds to the PCF request of reactivating packet data service.
A10 Interface
The A10 interface bears data transmission between Packet Control
Function (PCF) and PDSN.

Figure 26 illustrates the protocol stack structure of A10 interface.
F I G U R E 2 6 - A1 0 I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T A C K S T R U C T U R E
GRE
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Link Layer
IP Layer
GRE Layer
A11 Interface
The A11 interface bears the signal transmission between PCF and PDSN.

Physical Layer
Link Layer :
IP Layer
UDP Layer
The transport layer uses Port 434 to maintain UDP connection bearing A11
signals.
PCF requests PDSN to initiate A10 link establishment.
PDSN responds to PCF request for A10 link establishment.
A8d Interface
The A8d interface bears data transmission between BSS and PDC. A8d
interface data contains Push-to-Talk (PTT) user voice frames.
Figure 28 illustrates the A8d interface protocol structure.
F I G U R E 2 8 - A8 D I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T A C K S T R U C T U R E
GRE
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Link Layer
IP Layer

GRE Layer
A9d Interface
A9d interface bears the signal transmission between BSS and PDC.
Figure 29 illustrates the A9d interface protocol stack structure.
F I G U R E 2 9 - A9 D I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T A C K S T R U C T U R E
A9 d Signal
TCP/UDP
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Link Layer
IP Layer
TCP/UDP Layer
The transport layer uses Port 5603 to maintain the UDP/TCP connection
bearing A9 signals.
A9d Signaling
Following lists the A9d signaling functions:
BSS requests PDC to originate the A8d link creation.
PDC responds to the BSS request of originating the A8d link creation.
PDC requests BSS to originate a call creation process of a specific
service.

BSS responds to PDC request of originating the creation of a specific

service call.
BSS requests PDC to release the A8d connection.
PDC responds to PDC request of releasing the A8d connection.
PDC requests BSS to release the A8d connection.
BSS responds to PDC request of releasing the A8d connection.
A10d Interface
A10d interface bears the data transmission between PDC and PDS. The
PTT signal transmission between PDS and PDC seems like A10d interface
data.
Figure 30 illustrates the A10d interface protocol stack structure.
F I G U R E 3 0 - A1 0 D I N T E R F A C E P R O T O C O L S T A C K S T R U C T U R E
GRE
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Link Layer
IP Layer
GRE Layer
A10d Signaling
Participate in the PTT call creation process.

Participate in the PTT call release process.

Participate in the PTT call authority application function.
Participate in the PTT call hard handoff process.
Participate in the PTT call group management process.
Participate in the PTT call supplementary service function.
A11d Interface
A11d interface maintains A10d connection between PDC and PDS.
Figure 31 illustrates A11d interface protocol stack structure.
A11d Signal
UDP
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
Physical Layer
Link Layer
IP Layer
UDP Layer
Transport layer maintains the UDP connection bearing A11d signaling.
A11d signaling
PDC requests PDS to initiate the A10d link establishment.
PDS responds to PDC request for A10d link establishment.

A12 Interface
A12 interface executes the MS/AT access authentication at AN level, and
helps obtain MN ID on the A8/A9 and A10/A11 interfaces after MS/AT
successfully conducts access authentication.
RADIUS
UDP
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
A13 Interface
The A13 interface is responsible for information exchange between source
AN and destination AN when AT moves into AN.
IOS Application
TCP/UDP
IP
Link Layer
Physical Layer
V5 Interface
V5 physical layer consists of 2.048 Mb/s links. V5.1 consists of one 2.048
Mb/s links whereas V5.2 consists of 1~16 2.048 Mb/s links. One link
consists of 64 Kb/s time slots that include B and C channels. B channel
(Bearer channel) carries B channel data and ISDN BRA or PRA signaling
information or PSTN call information. C channel carries D channel data and
ISDN BRA and PRA signaling information or PSTN signaling information.

V5 data link layer transmission capability for layer 3 data transfer,

messaging, ISDN-D channel signaling includes LAPV5-EF (Encapsulation
Function sub-layer), LAPV5-DL (Data link sub-layer), AN frame relay sub-
layer, mapping function sub-layer.
LAPV5-EF provides common encapsulation and disassembly of LAPV5-

DL and LAPD frames.
LAPV5-DL transfers layer 3 messages between LE and subscribers by
means of 5 protocols.
AN frame relay sub-layer provides frame multiplexing and de-
multiplexing of ISDN user ports in-sync with LAPV5-EF sub-layer.
Encapsulation takes place from AN to LE, while de-encapsulation takes
place from AN to user.
Two communication protocols that V5.1 interface uses are PSTN protocol
module and control protocol module. Whereas V5.2 interface uses PSTN
protocol module, control protocol module, link control protocol module,
BCC protocol module, protection protocol module. Figure 34 illustrates the
V5 interface protocol stack structure.
FIGURE 34 - V5 INTERFACE PROTOCOL STACK STRUCTURE
PSTN protocol provides protocols relating to specific calls. It transmits

analog line status information such as off-hook and online over V5
interface.
Control protocol consists of common control port and user control port.
Common control port provides V5 interface operations such as
interface start, interface provisioning, block/unblock specific user port.
User port control involves controlling all user port types such as ISDN
port, PSTN port etc. Blocking/unblocking, activation/de-activation of
user ports is possible.
Link control protocol provides link status management, confirming link
availability at both ends, and blocking/unblocking links.

BCC protocol provides a channel for LE to request AN establish and release

connections between designated AN user port and V5.2 interface. In short
it controls allocation and release of B channel.
Um Interface
ZXC10 BSS supports 1x Um interface and 1x EV-DO Um interface at the
same time. The BCMCS technology makes the most of the available
bandwidth and enables broadcast service transmission similar to TV
programs through mobile telecommunications network.
1x Um Interface
The Base Station Subsystem (BSS) Um interface complies with IS-2000
protocol standards. The Um interface layers consist of physical layer, MAC
and LAC sublayer, and higher layers. Figure 35 illustrates the protocol
reference model.
FIGURE 35 - REFERENCE MODEL OF STANDARD 1X UM INTERFACE PROTOCOLS
The following section describes the structure and functional features of

MAC and LAC sublayers.
Physical Layer
The Physical layer provides the requisite physical channels for establishing
radio communication links with the upper Um interface layers.

MAC Sublayer
According to IS-2000 protocol architecture, the MAC sublayer mainly
includes multiplexing and demultiplexing sublayers, and Radio Link
Protocol (RLP) implementation:
Common Channel Multiplexing Sublayer: Completes multiplexing and
demultiplexing of common signaling channels and completes TS-based
transmission and reception according to message length and
transmitted TS.
Dedicated Channel Multiplexing Sublayer: Completes multiplexing &
demultiplexing of the dedicated channel (traffic channel). It
multiplexes the signaling fragments from SAR sublayer of LAC layer,
voice data from Vocoder, and circuit data or packet data from RLP into
a physical channel frame. It reverse demultiplexes a specific physical
channel frame into signaling fragments, voice data, circuit data and
packet data, and transmits them to the corresponding upper-layer
protocol stacks for processing.
RLP implementation: Different protocol stacks provide different upper-
layer protocol stack requirements, to achieve reliable or real-time data
transmission mechanism between the base station and MS.
LAC Sublayer
According to IS-2000 protocol architecture, LAC sublayer functionally
completes acknowledged re-transmission mechanism, segmentation and
reassembly mechanisms of protocol signaling.
Figure 35 illustrates the functions and structure of the forward channel
LAC sublayer.
F-SYNC channel achieves the functions of utility sublayer and SAR
sublayer.
F-BCCH channel achieves the functions of utility sublayer and SAR
sublayer.
For other forward common control channels, it achieves Automatic Repeat
Request (ARQ) sublayer functions, addressing sublayer, utility sublayer
and SAR sublayer.
For forward dedicated signaling channels, it achieves (F-DCCH and F-FCH),
ARQ sublayer function, utility sublayer and SAR sublayer.
Figure 35 illustrates the reverse channel LAC sublayer functional structure.
For reverse common control channel, the LAC sublayer achieves
authentication sublayer functions, ARQ sublayer, addressing sublayer,
utility sublayer and SAR sublayer.
The authentication sublayer presents the LAC PDU authentication field on
the reverse common signaling channel to initiate MS authentication
procedure.
The ARQ sublayer achieves signal delivery acknowledgement mechanisms
between the base station and MS. It assures reliable signal transmission
and reception and implements duplicate signal detection.

The utility sublayer presents the fields regarding message type and radio
environment report in the forward and reverse LAC PDUs. The upper
layers can identify the message and decide on access handoff initiation.
The utility sublayer also maintains padding BIT and message length in
PDUs.
The SAR sublayer achieves segmentation and reassembly functions. In the
forward direction, it segments a message to multiplex the message into
one physical channel frame. In the reverse direction, it reassembles
multiple message segments into a complete message sequence.
Application Layer
The application layer provides multiple applications like Default Signal.
Application for transmitting air interface message, and Default Packet &
Circuit Applications for transmitting data. In addition, the layer provides a
platform for Mobility Management (MM), Radio Resource Management
(RRM), and Connection Management (CM) for managing user applications.
1x EV-DO Um Interface
1x EV-DO air interface complies with IS-856 protocol standards. It consists
of seven layers: application layer, stream layer, session layer, connection
layer, security layer, MAC layer and physical layer. Each layer defines one
or more protocols to implement functions. Figure 36 illustrates the entire
protocol reference model.

FIGURE 36 - REFERENCE MODEL OF STANDARD 1X EV-D0 UM INTERFACE PROTOCOLS
Default Signaling Application Default Packet Application

Signaling Network Flow Control
Protocol Protocol Application
Signaling Link Radio Link Location Update Layer
Protocol Protocol Protocol
Stream
Stream Portocol
Layer
Session Management Address Management Session Configuration Session

Protocol Protocol Protocol Layer
Air Link
Initialization Idle State Connected State
Management
State Protocol Protocol Protocol
Protocol Connection
Layer
Packet Consolidation
Route Update Portocol Overhead Messages
Protocol
Security Key Exchange Authentication Encryption Security

Protocol Protocol Protocol Protocol Layer
Forward Traffic Reverse Traffic

Control Channel Access Channel
Channel MAC Channel MAC MAC Layer
MAC P rotocol MAC P rotocol
Protocol Protocol
Physical
Physical Layer
Layer
Protocol
The following describes the functional features and structure of application

layer, stream layer, session layer, connection layer, security layer, MAC
layer and physical layer.
Application Layer
The application layer provides multiple applications like Default Signal
Application for transmitting air interface message and Default Packet
Application for transmitting data. The Default Signal Application defines
two protocols: Signaling Network Protocol (SNP) and Signaling Link
Protocol (SLP). The protocols on all layers exchange messages through
SNP. The SLP achieves message segmentation and reassembly, best-effort
delivery, reliable delivery, and duplicate packet detection.
Default Packet Application offers a byte stream for transmitting packet
data between the terminal and network. It consists of three protocols:
Flow Control Protocol provides flow control function for data stream.
Radio Link Protocol provides byte stream re-transmission, packet check
and so on. It also provides a relatively reliable data link.
Location Update Protocol provides location update program and
corresponding messages for mobile management of packet application.

Stream Layer
The stream layer provides a multiplex/de-multiplex mechanism for upper
layer applications. 1x EV-DO has a provision for at most four streams.
Stream 0 is for signaling and others for transmitting subscriber data.
Session Layer
The session layer includes a series of protocols for negotiation between the
terminal and network. In the 1x EV-DO system, a session refers to a state
jointly maintained between AT and AN. It includes address UATI allocated
to the terminal, the protocol set determined by the terminal and for air
interface communication network, protocol configurations in the protocol
set, and current terminal location. The session layer defines three
protocols:
Session Management Protocol manages activation of other protocols in
this layer to ensure session validity, and to manage session shutdown.
Address Management Protocol manages the terminal address (UATI)
allocation.
Session Configuration Protocol provides the session flow negotiation. In
1x EV-DO, SCP negotiates the protocol for terminal-network
communication and setting of protocol parameters.
Connection Layer
The connection layer controls the air link state. In 1x EV-DO systems, an
open connection between AN and AT indicates that AT involves RPC, RTC
and FTC (FTC is the time division shared by all subscribers with open
connections in the sector) assignment. The connection layer defines
multiple protocols in the connection layer. Figure 37 illustrates the mutual
relationships between protocols.

FIGURE 37 - MUTUAL RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN PROTOCOLS IN THE CONNECTION LAYER
Initialization State Air Link Management Packet Consolidation

Protocol Protocol Protocol
Connected State
Route Update Protocol Idle State Protocol
Protocol
Overhead Messages
Protocol
Among protocols, Packet Consolidation Protocol functionally

encapsulates/de-encapsulates the transmitted/received data packets.
Others are control protocols and described in the following section:
Air Link Management Protocol is the general control point responsible
for connection state jump and control of activation operation of other
protocols.
Initialization State Protocol defines the operation networks receive
section.
Idle State Protocol defines the operation after the terminal obtains
network address but without establishing connection.
Connected State Protocol defines the operation after opening the
terminal.
Route Update Protocol is responsible for maintaining radio link between
the terminal and network, and tracing terminal location.
Overhead Message Protocol is responsible for controlling the sending of
broadcast messages in the channel.
Security Layer
The security layer offers the following functions:
Key exchange: Provides a procedure for the terminal and network to
exchange security keys for authentication and encryption.
Authentication: Provides a set of programs for the terminal and the
network to authenticate air traffic.
Encryption: Provides a set of programs for the terminal and the
network to encrypt air traffic.

The security layer includes four protocols: Key Exchange Protocol,

Authentication Protocol, Encryption Protocol, and Security Protocol. The
first three define the above three functions respectively, and the last
one provides common variables for Authentication Protocol and
Encryption Protocol.
MAC Layer
The MAC layer defines the rules for managing the control channel, access
channel, and forward/reverse traffic channel. It includes four protocols
with the following functions:
Control Channel MAC Protocol: Constructs control channel MAC layer
packet from one or multiple security layer packets. It controls the rules
for packet scheduling & transmission in the control channel and
terminal capture of control channel and reception of control channel
packets.
Access Channel MAC Protocol: The terminal sends timing and power
features in the access channel.
Forward Traffic Channel Protocol: Contains the rules regarding FTC rate
control through DRC and supports fixed rate and variable rate FTC.
Reverse Traffic Channel Protocol: Determines how the terminal assists
the network in capturing RTC and how the terminal and network
selects RTC rate.
Physical Layer
The physical layer provides multiple features such as structure, frequency,
power output, modulation/demodulation, and coding/decoding of
forward/reverse channels.
BCMCS Um Interface
The BCMCS air interface is critical for HRPD to deliver broadcast and
multicast services. Figure 38 illustrates the BCMCS air interface protocol
stack structure.
FIGURE 38 - BCMCS AIR INTERFACE P ROTOCOL S TACK S TRUCTURE

Broadcast Control Protocol

Responsible for BCMCS stream registration where in AT sends request to
AN for stream registration so that AN is able to broadcast the stream
continuously.
Broadcast Framing Protocol

Broadcast frame protocol is responsible for upper layer packet
encapsulation, fragmentation and de-limiting.
Broadcast Security Protocol

Broadcast security protocol provides packet encryption mechanism.
Broadcast MAC Protocol

Adds forward error correction code to form ECB (Error Control Block)
produces and relays MAC frames to the physical layer. The physical layer
is also responsible for mapping logical channels, structuring, and sending
broadcast overhead messages.
Broadcast Physical Protocol

Broadcast physical protocol provides a logical channel structure.
Abis Interface
The Abis interface protocol is an interface protocol between BSC and Base
Transceiver System (BTS).
Figure 39 Illustrates the Abis interface hierarchy.
FI G U R E 3 9 - AB I S I N T E R F AC E P R O T O C O L H I E R AR C H I C AL S T R U C T U R E
Abis Traffic Abis Signal
UDP/cUDP TCP
IP IP
Link Layer Link Layer
Physical Layer Physical Layer
Physical Layer
ZXC10 BSSB equipment uses E1/T1 trunk cables or Ethernet.

Link Layer
The link layer supports multiple protocols: High level Data Link Control
(HDLC), Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), PPPmux and PPPmultilink.
HDLC: Is a bit-oriented data link layer protocol. The bit-oriented feature
involves taking a bit (not character) as a basic transmission unit and
controlling information. The data frame format is similar to control frame
format, and has good transmission transparency and high efficiency.
PPP is a link layer protocol with a simple link design that transmits data
packets between peer units.
PPPmux completes transmission of multiple PPP encapsulation packets (or
subframe) by single PPP frame and reduces PPP cost of each packet. It
applies to voice and data transmission over low speed links.
PPPmultilink is a link type protocol applicable to point-to-point links when
a link exceeds certain flow or during initiation of other links.
IP
IP is a TCP/IP network layer protocol. IP packets contain destination IP
address and transmitting end IP address.
TCP/UDP/cUDP
TCP is the TCP/IP transport layer protocol. TCP provides connection-
oriented and flow control services to packet data ensuring reliable packet
transmission. TCP packets contain destination application TCP port number
and transmitting end application TCP port number. UDP is a connectionless
protocol. cUDP is a compressed user Datagram protocol.
Abis Traffic/Abis Signal

Application layer contains two parts: control signaling part and service
signaling part. The signaling part carries out converse control channel
signaling of Um interface. The service part completes service management
and service transmission.


Appendix A
Standards Compliance
ZTE all-IP BSS complies with the following international standards:
1. 3GPP2 A.S0011-C (3G-IOS v5.0): Interoperability Specification (IOS)

for Access Network (AN) interfaces- Part 1 Overview.
for Access Network (AN) interfaces- Part 2 Transport.
for Access Network (AN) interfaces- Part 3 Features.
for Access Network (AN) interfaces - Part 4 (A1, A1p, A2, and A5
Interfaces).
for Access Network (AN) interfaces - Part 5 (A3 and A7 Interfaces)
for Access Network (AN) interfaces - Part 6 (A8 and A9 Interfaces).
for Access Network (AN) interfaces - Part 7 (A10 and A11 Interfaces).
8. 3GPP2 A.S0001-A version 2.0 (3G-IOS v4.1): Interoperability
Specification (IOS) for Access Network (AN) interfaces.
9. 3G-IOS v4.3: Interoperability Specification (IOS) for Access Network
(AN) interfaces.
10. 3GPP2 C.S0001-A version 5.0: Introduction to standards for spread
spectrum systems - Release A.
11. 3GPP2 C.S0002-A version 6.0 (TIA/EIA IS-2000.2-A-2): Physical layer
standard for spread spectrum systems - Release A.
12. 3GPP2 C.S0003-A version 6.0 (TIA/EIA IS-2000.3-A-2): Medium
Access Control (MAC) standard for spread spectrum systems - Release
A, Addendum 2.
13. 3GPP2 C.S0004-A version 6.0 (TIA/EIA IS-2000.4-A-2): Signaling Link
Access Control (LAC) specification for spread spectrum systems -
Release A.

14. 3GPP2 C.S0005-A version 6.0 (TIA/EIA IS-2000.5-A-2): Upper layer

(Layer 3) signaling standard for spread spectrum systems - Release A,
Addendum 2.
15. ANSI J-STD-008, Personal station-Base station compatibility
requirement for 1.8 to 2.0 GHz Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
personal communications systems, 1996.
16. TIA/EIA/TSB-58, Administration parameter value assignments for
TIA/EIA wideband spread spectrum standards, 1995.
17. TIA/EIA/TSB-74, Support for 14.4 Kb/s Data Rate and PCS Interaction
for wideband spread spectrum cellular system, 1995.
18. TIA/EIA/IS-95-A, Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility standard
for dual-mode wideband spread spectrum cellular systems.
19. TIA/EIA/IS-95, Mobile station-Base station compatibility standard for
dual-mode wideband spread spectrum cellular systems.
20. TIA/EIA/IS-637, Short Message Services for wideband spread
spectrum cellular systems, 1997.
21. TIA/EIA/IS-127, Enhanced variable rate codec speech service option 3
for wideband spread spectrum digital systems, 1996.
22. TIA/EIA/IS-634A, MSC-BS interface for public communications
networks, 1998.
23. TIA/EIA/IS-658, Data service interworking function interface for
wideband spread spectrum systems.
24. CDG RF36, Markov service option for wideband Spread Spectrum
communications Systems.
25. TIA/EIA/IS-725, Over-the-air service provisioning of mobile Stations in
wideband spread spectrum systems, 1997.
26. TIA/EIA/IS-728, Inter-System Link Protocol.
27. TIA/EIA/IS-733, High rate speech service option 17 for wideband
spread spectrum communication systems.
28. TIA/EIA/IS-707, Data service options for wideband spread spectrum
communication systems, 1998.
29. TIA/EIA/IS-707-A-2 Data service options for spread spectrum
communication systems Addendum 2, 2000.
30. ITU-T Q.714 Signaling Connection Control Part (SCCP).
31. ITU-T Q.704 Signal link (MTP3).
32. ITU-T Q.703 Signal link (MTP2).
33. 3GPP2 C.S0024-A (TIA/EIA IS-856-A): High Rate Packet Data (HRPD)
air interface specification, August 2005.
34. 3GPP2 C.S0024: High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) air interface
specification, October 2002.
35. 3GPP2 A.S0008 (TIA/EIA IS-878), IOS specification for High Rate
Packet Data (HRPD) Radio Access Network (RAN) interfaces.
36. 3GPP2 A.S0008-A.

Appendix A - Standards Compliance
37. 3GPP2 A.S0007, Inter-Operability Specification (IOS) for High Rate

Packet Data (HRPD) Access Network (AN) interfaces, November 2001.
38. 3GPP2 C.S0029: Test application specification (TAS) for High Rate
Packet Data (HRPD) Air Interface.
39. 3GPP2 C.S0032-A, Recommended minimum performance standards for
High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) Access Network (AN), December 2005.
40. 3GPP2 C.S0032, Recommended minimum performance standards for
High Rate Packet Data (HRPD) Access Network (AN), January 2004.
41. 3GPP2 TIA-97-D, Recommended minimum performance standards for
Spread Spectrum Base Stations, March 2001.
42. C00-20050718-129__C.S0054_v2.0V-V Resolution Text.
43. XP0011-3-Nov2004-v05-R&F resolved.
44. XP0011-4-Nov2004-v05-R&F resolved.
.


Appendix B
Lightning Specifications
1. IEC 61312-1 (1995) Protection against lightning electromagnetic

impulse part I: General Principles.
2. IEC 61643-1 (1998) Surge protective devices connected with low-
voltage power distribution systems.
3. ITU-T K.11 (1993) Principles of Protection against over-voltage and
over-current.
4. ITU-T K.27 (1996) Bonding configurations and grounding inside the
building with telecom equipments installed.
5. ETS 300 253 (2004) Equipment engineering, grounding and bonding of
telecommunication equipment at telecommunication equipment centers.


Appendix C
Safety Specifications
1. GB 4943-2000: Safety of information technology equipment.

2. IEC 60950 Safety of information technology equipment including
Electrical Business Equipment.
3. IEC 60215 Safety requirement for radio transmitting equipment.
4. CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 1-M94 Audio, video and similar electronic
equipments.
5. CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 950-95 Safety of information technology
equipment including electrical business equipment.
6. UL 1419 Standard for professional video and audio equipment.
7. 73/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive.
8. UL 1950 Safety of information technology equipment including
Electrical Business Equipment.
9. IEC60529 Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosure
(IP Code).
10. GOST 30631-99. General requirements for machines, instruments and
other industrial articles for stable external mechanical impact while
operating.
11. GOST 12.2.007.0-75. General safety requirements for
electromechanical devices.


Appendix D
EMC Specifications
1. CISPR 22 (1997): Limits and methods for measuring radio disturbance

characteristics of information technology equipment.
2. EN 301 489-1 Part 1: Common technical requirements.
3. IEC 61000-6-1: 1997: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6:
Generic standards - Section 1: Immunity for residential, commercial
and light-industrial environments.
4. IEC 61000-6-3: 1996: Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 6:
Generic standards - Section 3: Mission standard for residential,
commercial and light industrial environments.
5. IEC 61000-4-2 (1995): Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4:
Testing and measurement techniques - Section 2: Electrostatic
discharge immunity test.
Testing and measurement techniques - Section 3: Radiated, radio-
frequency electromagnetic field immunity test.
Testing and measurement techniques - Section 4: Electrical fast
transient/burst immunity test.
Testing and measurement techniques - Section 5: Surge immunity test.
Testing and measurement techniques - Section 6: Immunity to contact
disturbances, induced by radio frequency fields.
10. ITU-T Recommendation K.20: Resistance of telecommunication
switching equipment to over-voltage and over-current.
11. GOST R 51318.22-99: Electromagnetic compatibility of technical
equipment. Man-made noise from informational equipment. Limitations
and test methods.
12. GOST 30429-96: Electromagnetic compatibility of technical equipment.
Man-made noise from equipment and apparatus used together with
service receiver systems of civil application. Limits and test methods.


Appendix E
Environmental Specifications
1. GB 4208 Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code).

2. GB 4798 Environmental conditions for electrician and electronic
products application.
3. IEC 60529 "Degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP code)".
4. IEC 60721-3-1: Classification of environmental conditions- Part3:
Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their
severities - Section 1: Storage.
5. IEC 60721-3-2: Classification of environmental conditions- Part3:
Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their
severities - Section 2: Transportation.
6. IEC 60721-3-3 (1994): Classification of environmental conditions - Part
3: Classification of groups of environmental parameters and their
severities - Section 3: stationary use at weather protected locations.
7. ETS 300 019-2-1: Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental
conditions and environmental tests for telecommunications equipment,
Part 2-1, specification of environmental tests storage.
Part 2-2, specification of environmental tests transportation.
Part 2-3, specification of environmental tests transportation stationary
use at weather-protected locations.
10. IEC 60068-2-1 (1990): Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests. Tests A:
Cold.
11. IEC 60068-2-2 (1974): Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests. Tests B:
Dry heat.
12. IEC 60068-2-6 (1995): Environmental testing - Part 2: Tests - Test C:
Vibration (sinusoidal).
13. GOST 15150-69: Machines, instruments and other industrial articles.
Applications for different climatic regions. Categories, operating,
storage and transportation conditions in compliance with the
environmental factors.

14. GOST 23088-80: Electronic equipment. Requirements for packing,

transportation and test methods.

Abbreviations
Abbreviation Full Name
1xEV 1x Evolution
1x EV-DO 1x Evolution Data Only
1x EV-DV 1x Evolution Data & Voice
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer
Abis Abis Interface — BSC - BTS interface
ARQ Automatic Repeat Request
ABPM Abis Process Module
AN Access Network
AT Access Terminal
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
AUC Authentication Centre
BCMCS Broadcast/Multicast Service
BDS Baseband Digital System
BPSN Backplane of Packet Switch Network
BSC Base Station Controller
BSMAP Base Station Module Administrator Part
BSS Base Station System
BSSAP Base Station Subsystem Application Part
BTS Base Transceiver System
BWA Broadband Wireless Access
CCM Communication Control Module
CDMA Code Division Multiple Address
CDMA 1x CDMA Phase One
CIC Circuit Identifier Code
CMP Call Main Processor
CN Core Network
DCCH Dedicated Control Channel
DCS Dispatching Client Subsystem

DSP Digital Signal Processing
DSS Dispatching Server Subsystem
DTAP Direct Transfer Part
DTB Digital Trunk Board
EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility
EMI Electromagnetic Interference
FCH Fundamental Channel
FSCH Forward Supplemental Channel
GLIQV Vitesse Quad GE GLI
GPS Global Position System
GRE General Router Envelope
HDSL High-speed Digital Subscriber Line
HGM HiRS Gateway
HIRS High-speed Interconnect Router Subsystem
HLR Home Location Register
IBBH Interface of BSC and BSC by HiRS over ATM
IPCF Interface of PCF
IPDC Interface of PDC
IWF Inter Working Index
LE Local Single Mode
LSA Local Single Mode A
LSB Local Single Mode B
LOMC Local Operations & Maintenance Center
MBDS Master BDS
ME Mixed Extension Mode
MGW Media Gateway
MS Mobile Station
MSC Mobile Switching Center
MSCe Mobile Switching Center Emulation
MSS Mobile Switching Subsystem
MTP Message Transfer Part
MWI Message Wait Indicator
OMC Operations & Maintenance Center
OMM Operation Maintenance Module
OMP Operation & Maintenance Processor

Abbreviations
OTASP Over-the-air service provisioning
OTAPA over the air parameter administration
PA Power Amplifier
PCF Packet Control Function
PDC PTT Dispatch Client
PDS PTT Dispatch Server
PDSN Packet Data Service Node
POMC Provincial Operation & Maintenance Center
PPP Point to Point Protocol
PS Power Subsystem
PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network
PTT Push To Talk
PWS Power Subsystem
QoS Quality of Service
RAN Radio Access Network
RE Remote Extension Mode
RFE Radio Front End
RFS RF Subsystem
RS Remote Single Mode
RSCH Reverse Supplemental Channel
RSSI Received Signal Strength Indicator
RTT Radio Transmit Technology
SBDS Slave BDS
SCH Supplemental Channel
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDTB Sonet Digital Trunk Board
SMP Signal Main Processor
SPB Signaling Process Board
SPCF Signal Plane of PCF
SPDC Signal Plane of PDC
TFS Timing &Frequency Subsystem
TRX Transmitter Receiver
UIM Universal Interface Module
UIMC Universal Interface Module for BCTC
UPCF PCF user Plane

UPDC PDC user Plane
Um Um Interface—the MS-BTS interface
VTC Voice Transcoder Card
ZXC10 BSCB ZXC10 Base Station Controller
ZXC10 BTSB ZXC10 Base Transceiver Station
ZXC10 CBTS ZXC10 Compact Base Transceiver Station

Figures
Figure 1 - BSS Position in the Network ........................................................... 2

Figure 2 - BSCB Cabinet Appearance.............................................................. 9
Figure 3 - BTSB I1 Cabinet Appearance .........................................................11
Figure 4 - Assembled Cabinets .....................................................................12
Figure 5 - BTSB I2 Cabinet Appearance .........................................................14
Figure 6 - BTSAE Cabinet Appearance ...........................................................15
Figure 7 - EBDS Slot Diagram ......................................................................16
Figure 8 - CBTS I1 Cabinet Appearance .........................................................17
Figure 9 - OBTS O1 System Appearance ........................................................18
Figure 10 - OBTS O2 System Appearance ......................................................19
Figure 11 - OMM Architecture ......................................................................34
Figure 12 - POMC/LOMC Architecture ............................................................34
Figure 13 - A Interface in a 1x network .........................................................44
Figure 14 - A Interface in a 1x EV-DO network ...............................................44
Figure 15 - A1 Interface Protocol Structure ....................................................45
Figure 16 - SS7 Basic Functional Structure ....................................................45
Figure 17 - MTP Hierarchical Structure ..........................................................46
Figure 18 - A2 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................47
Figure 19 - A1p Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................47
Figure 20 - A2p Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................48
Figure 21 – A3 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................49
Figure 26 - A10 Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................54
Figure 28 - A8d Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................55
Figure 29 - A9d Interface Protocol Stack Structure..........................................56
Figure 30 - A10d Interface Protocol Stack Structure ........................................57
Figure 34 - V5 Interface Protocol Stack Structure ...........................................60
Figure 35 - Reference Model of Standard 1x Um Interface Protocols ..................61
Figure 36 - Reference model of standard 1x EV-D0 Um interface Protocols .........64
Figure 37 - Mutual Relationships between Protocols in the Connection Layer .......66
Figure 38 - BCMCS Air Interface Protocol Stack Structure ................................67
Figure 39 - Abis Interface Protocol Hierarchical Structure .................................68


Tables
Table 1 - Typographical Conventions.............................................................. ii

Table 2 - Mouse Operation Conventions..........................................................iii
Table 3 - Safety Signs .................................................................................iv
Table 4 - 1x Release A Service Functions .......................................................21
Table 5 - 1x EV-DO Service Functions ...........................................................27
Table 6 – CDMA2000 Service Functions .........................................................28
Table 7 - Functions Required by Non-RTT Protocol ..........................................29


Index
AAA .......................................... 22 E 1, iii, viii, 13, 14, 15, 29, 33, 48,
AC 13, 17, 40, 41 49, 63, 81, 92
AC/DC ........................ 13, 17, 40, 41 E1 10, 18, 20, 45, 47, 49, 68
AN 1, 27, 59, 60, 61, 65, 68, 71, 73, E1/T1 ............................. 10, 49, 68
83 EMC ...................... viii, 7, 39, 79, 84
ANSI ......................................... 72 EMI ....................................... 7, 84
AT 1, 2, 27, 59, 65, 68, 83 EPLD ......................................... 40
ATM .................. 6, 10, 49, 51, 83, 84 ETS ..................................... 75, 81
AUC .......................................... 83 EV vi, viii, 3, 4, 7, 15, 26, 27, 29, 34,
B viii, 6, 59, 61, 75, 81, 84 44, 61, 63, 64, 65, 83, 87, 89
BDS . 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 29, EV-DO . vi, viii, 3, 4, 7, 15, 26, 27, 29,
83, 84, 85 34, 44, 61, 63, 65, 83, 87, 89
BIT ........................................... 63
FCH .......................... 25, 26, 62, 84
BITS ......................................... 11
FER .......................................... 31
BOOT ................................... 30, 37
FPGA .............................. 30, 37, 40
BS 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 13, 29, 48, 72 GCM ............................................ 8
BSC v, 2, 3, 6, 10, 11, 18, 20, 22, 23, GLONASS ................................ 8, 30
24, 26, 27, 29, 30, 36, 37, 40, 43, GoTa . 1, ii, iii, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 13,
47, 48, 53, 68, 83, 84 21, 28, 33, 39, 61, 68, 86
BSCB ..............vi, ix, 3, 9, 10, 86, 87 GPS ................... 8, 9, 11, 30, 31, 84
BSS ... v, 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 21, 22, 23, 33, GUI ............................................ 8
36, 37, 43, 44, 47, 51, 52, 53, 55, HDLC ......................................... 69
56, 57, 61, 71, 83, 87 HLR .......................................... 84
BSSB 1, ii, iii, v, ix, x, 1, 5, 6, 21, 33, HRPD ......................... 43, 67, 72, 73
39, 49, 68 IF 19, 20
BTC ........................................... 37 INFORMATION ............................... ii
BTS . v, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 9, 10, 13, 14, 15, IOS ................................ 71, 72, 73
16, 17, 26, 29, 30, 36, 40, 43, 68, IP 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 15, 21, 30, 35,
83, 86 47, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56,
CAPS .......................................... x 57, 58, 69, 71, 77, 81
CBTS ..... vi, 4, 16, 17, 29, 30, 86, 87 IS 43, 61, 62, 63, 71, 72
CCM ..................................... 31, 83 IS-2000 ............... 43, 61, 62, 71, 72
CDG ........................................... 72 IS856 ....................................... 27
CDMA . 2, 3, 13, 14, 16, 17, 18, 20, 26, ITU ................................ 72, 75, 79
37, 43, 72, 83 ITU-T ............................. 72, 75, 79
CDMA2000 . 1, iii, vi, ix, 1, 3, 4, 10, 13, J-STD-008 ................................. 72
14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 27, 28, 43, 44, LEGAL ......................................... ii
61, 63, 71, 72, 73, 83, 86, 89 LPA ........................................... 17
CE 25, 30, 36, 38 MAC ...... 11, 61, 62, 63, 64, 67, 68, 71
CELL ......................................... 37 MBDS ................................... 13, 84
CN 1, 83 MCU ..................................... 30, 37
CPU ..................................6, 30, 37 MS 1, 2, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 43,
DC 13, 17, 18, 19, 40, 41, 55, 56, 57, 48, 59, 62, 84, 86
58 MSC21, 22, 23, 24, 36, 44, 47, 72, 84
DRC ........................................... 67 MSS .......................................... 84
DV 7, 29, 83 MTP2 .............................. 45, 46, 72
MTP3 .................... 10, 38, 45, 46, 72

N/A ............................................iii RTT ........................... vi, 29, 85, 89

NMS ....................... 3, 11, 35, 36, 46 S0001-A .................................... 71
O&M ..................................2, 33, 36 S0002-A .................................... 71
S0007 ........................................ 73
OBTS ................ vi, 4, 18, 19, 29, 87
S0024 ........................................ 72
OMC ............ vii, 2, 24, 33, 37, 42, 84 S0029 ........................................ 73
P 1, iii, 2, 22, 23, 24, 26, 43, 52, 53, SBDS ................................... 13, 85
54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 84, 85, 86, 92 SCCP .................... 38, 45, 46, 48, 72
PA 12, 15, 17, 30, 85 SCH .......................... 25, 31, 38, 85
PCF 24, 30, 43, 52, 53, 54, 55, 84, 85 SDH ..................................... 29, 85
PCS ........................................... 72 STM-1 ........................ 10, 18, 20, 45
PDS ................................ 57, 58, 85 SYNC ......................................... 62
PDSN2, 22, 23, 24, 26, 43, 52, 53, 54, TAS ........................................... 73
55, 56, 57, 85 TFS ................................ 15, 16, 85
PDSS .......................................... 3 TIA/EIA/IS-127 ......................... 72
PIM ................................ 17, 36, 37 TIA/EIA/IS-637 ......................... 72
PP2S ......................................... 11 TIA/EIA/IS-658 ......................... 72
PPM ......................................14, 15 TIA/EIA/IS-707 ......................... 72
PPP ............. 6, 52, 54, 56, 57, 69, 85 TIA/EIA/IS-707-A-2 .................. 72
TIA/EIA/IS-725 ......................... 72
PTT ........... 10, 28, 37, 55, 57, 58, 85 TIA/EIA/IS-728 ......................... 72
PWS ................ 11, 13, 17, 18, 19, 85 TIA/EIA/IS-733 ......................... 72
R&D ............................................iii TIA/EIA/IS-95 ........................... 72
R1 ii, iii TIA/EIA/IS-95-A ....................... 72
RAKE ......................................... 17 TIA/EIA/TSB-74 ......................... 72
RF 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, TOD ........................................... 11
18, 19, 20, 29, 30, 85 TRX ..................... 12, 14, 15, 17, 85
RF36 ......................................... 72 UP 45, 46
RFE .................. 2, 12, 14, 15, 17, 85 URL .......................................1, 92
RFS . 4, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, V 13, 17, 18, 19, 73
30, 37, 85 WALSH ........................................ 36
RPC ........................................... 65 ZXC10 ... 1, ii, iii, ix, x, 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9,
RS-485 ...................................... 41 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 21, 33,
RSSI ................................... 31, 85 39, 49, 61, 68, 86

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ZXC10 BSSB

CDMA2000 Base Station System

Copyright © 2005 ZTE CORPORATION.

Date Revision No. Serial No. Description

Thank you for your cooperation!

About this Technical Manual.......................................................................i

System Functions ................................................................................................. 35

Hardware Design Reliability ................................................................................... 40

Software Design Reliability .................................................................................... 41

The whole ZXC10 BSSB documentation suite comprises:

ZXC10 BSSB (V8.16) CDMA2000 Base Station System Guide to

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION i

Purpose of this Technical Manual

TABLE 1 - TYPOGRAPHICAL CONVENTIONS

Note: Provides additional information about a certain topic

Checkpoint: Indicates that a particular step needs to be checked

Tip: Indicates a suggestion or hint to make things easier or

ii Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION

Mouse Operation Conventions

Confidential and Proprietary Information of ZTE CORPORATION iii

Safety Signs Meaning

Warning: Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if

Erosion: Beware of erosion.

Electric shock: There is a risk of electric shock.

Electrostatic: The device may be sensitive to static electricity.

Microwave: Beware of strong electromagnetic field.

Laser: Beware of strong laser beam.

No flammables: Warning against storage of flammables.

No touching: Do not touch.

No smoking: The area/region forbids smoking.

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How to Get in Touch

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This chapter explains:

BSSB Position in a Network

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FIGURE 1 - BSS POSITION IN THE NETWORK

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and provides a standard NMS interface to connect with upper-level

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BTSAE is the enhanced “IP+HIRS” BTS, and is applicable to the smooth

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This chapter explains:

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BTS supports configuration involving separation of baseband section from

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Diversified Transmission Modes

Series Connection of BSs

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Clock system is compatible with Global Position System (GPS) and

Convenient Operation and

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This chapter explains:

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Following section lists functions of the subsystems:

Call Control/Signal Processing Subsystem

Packet Data Processing Subsystem

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Radio Protocol Processing Subsystem

Control and Maintenance Subsystem