CHNG 3 NGON NG GRAPH VA NG DUNG

Khi lap trnh cho PLC s dung khoi FB th chung ta co the s dung ngon ng Graph. Ngon ng na y rat thuan li trong nhng he thong ieu khien tuan t. Lu y trong khi ca i at phan mem Step7 ta phai chon cai at ngo n ng nay. 3.1 To mt khi FB di dng ngn ng Graph 3.1.1. To mt khi FB Graph Bc 1: Double click vo folder Blocks. Bc 2: Chn trn thanh Menu: Insert > S7 Block > Function Block. Bc 3: Mt hp thoi Properties xut hin. Chn ngn ng lp trnh l Graph

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Hnh 3.1. Chon ngo n ng Graph khi lap trnh tre n khoi FB Ri chn OK. Nh vy kt qu l mt khi FB1 c to ra trong folder Blocks 3.1.2. Vit chng trnh theo kieu tun t e tie n theo doi xet v du ieu khien kh i o ng SAO/TAMGIAC cua ong c 3 pha nh sau ng c khng ng b 3 pha r to lng sc phi c vn hnh c 2 chiu quay. khc phc c dng khi ng ln, ng c phi c khi ng vi ch kt ni sao - tam gic

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YU CU Khi nhn nt S1 th ng c chy v quay cng chiu kim ng h, v ng c s quay theo chiu ngc li nu nhn nt S2. Cng tc t chnh K1 cho chiu quay cng chiu kim ng h v K2 cho chiu ngc li, kch hot cng tc t ch sao l K4 v mt timer. Sau mt khong thi gian khi ng gn 5 s, ng c t ng ngt ch chy sao. Cng tc t chnh K1 vn cn c kch hot v ngt s kt ni vi ch chy sao cng tc t K4 trc khi chuyn sang kt ni vi ch tam gic cng tc t K3. Chiu quay ca ng c ch c thay i khi ng c c tt trc . ng c ch c th c tt khi nhn nt S0, c lp vi trng thi hot ng . Trng thi ON ca ng c phi c hin th qua n H1 v H2 tu thuc chiu quay ca ng c. Khi ng c qu ti n s c t ng tt qua r le Q1(S5). Hoat ong Sao/tamgiac cua ong c 3 pha c trnh ba y theo lu o giai thuat sau
START

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Y S2=1 Y

C QUAY CNG CHIU KIM NG H (K1) CH SAO (K4)

C QUAY N GC CHIU KIM NG H (K2) CH SAO (K3)

SAU 10S Y

N SAU 10S Y C QUAY CNG CHIU KIM NG H (K1) CH TAM GIC (K3)

C QUAY CNG CHIU KIM NG H (K1) CH TAM GIC (K3)

S0=1 Y

Hnh 3.2. Lu o ng giai thuat cua khi on g Sao/tamgiac Trang 33

Bang c ch vao ra Ngo vao THIT B A CH NGOI S0 I0.0 S1 I0.1 S2 I0.2 S5 I0.5 Trnh t lap trnh nh sau Ngo ra THIT B NGOI Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

A CH

Q01 Q0.2 Q0.3 Q0.4

Sau khi bt u lm vic vi S7 Graph bng cch double click vo khi FB1 th h thng c chn vo mt STEP u tin v mt TRANSITION u tin. C 2 phng php to cu trc Sequencer. HCM Phng php 1: ch Direct: Insert > Direct TP. huat Phng php 2: ch Drap-and-Drop: Insert > Drap-and-Drop Ky t am Sau y ch trnh by cch vit theo phng Su ph 1 H php D Bc 1: Chn transition 1 v ruong chut vo biu tng mt ln T nhp
qu Ban yen

Kt qu to ra mt step 2. Ti step ny ng c thc hin ch quay cng chiu kim ng h, v mch c kt ni dng SAO. Bc 2: Chn step 2 v chn biu tng

iu ny s m ra mt nhnh xen vo cho ch ng c cng quay cng chiu kim ng h nhng mch c kt ni dng TAM GIC. Nhnh ny bt u vi transition 3 (T3) Bc 3: Tip tc vi con chut ang ti v tr T3, nhp chut chn biu tng

V s c chn vo step 3 cng vi transition 4 Bc 4: Chn step 1 v chn biu tng

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iu ny s m ra mt nhnh xen vo cho ch ng c ngc chiu kim ng h. Nhnh ny bt u vi transition 5 (T5) Bc 5: Tng t nh nhnh chnh ng vi ch quay ca ng c l cng chiu kim ng h.Vn con chut ti transition 5 v nhp chut vo biu tng sau mt ln

Kt qu to ra mt step 4 v transition 6. Ti step ny ng c thc hin ch quay ngc chiu kim ng h, v mch c kt ni dng SAO. tip tc thc hin ging nh nhnh chinh ta c mch nh sau: Bc 6: V by gi ta hon thnh cu trc ca mt Sequencer bng cch CM u tin ta chn transition 1 (T1) ri nhp chut chn biu tng P. H T at
nT quye 1 v ri chn step1 hoc Banvo s g H Su ng D ruo K pham y th u

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Hnh 3.2. Tao nhanh trong Graph 3.2. Vit chng trnh cc ACTION cho cc step Cng c 2 phng php viit chng trnh cc action cho cc step v cc transition: Direct v Drap-and-Drop Trang 36

Sau y s s dng phng php Drap-and-Drop : Insert > Drap-and-Drop Bc 1: Chn trn thanh menu Insert > Action Kt qu l: Trn con chut s xut hin biu tng sau

Bc 2: chn dng action rng bng cch nhp chut vo action Bc 3: Enter vo cc action Mt action bao gm 1 lnh v 1 a ch. Trong ngo n ng Graph co 4 lnh hay s dung : S Set ng ra R Reset ng ra D Delay 1 khoang thi gian (xem them S4 hnh 3) C em s kien S1 CU S1 CR C20 C20
B

3.3. Vit chng trnh cc TRANSITION C cc hm logic Cong tc thng m, Cng tc thng ng, Hm so snh c s dng cho cc iu kin-CONDITION trong cc transition. Vit chng trnh cho cc transition nh sau: Bc 1: Chn View >LAD Chn vo cng tc thng m Chn vo cng tc thng ng Chn vo php so snh Bc 2: Sau khi nhp chn v chn vo ng v tr c th thot ra bt c lc no bng cch nhn phm ESC Bc 3: Enter a ch vo. Nhp chut vo vng yu cu Ri g vo a ch hoc k hiu ca a ch ( V d I0.0 hoc I0.0_Nut_nhan_dung ) Bc 4: Trang 37

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S dung Counter C20 emh hanh ong cu a S1 Ky t so pham Reset CounterSC20 H u

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Khi S4 chay c 20 S th M0.1 a o tran g tha i

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Hnh 3.3. Chng trnh kh i ong sao/tamgiac dung ngon ng Graph 3.4. Lu v ng chng trnh li Khi lu chng trnh li, th phan mem t ng c kim tra (compile) Bc 1: Chn trn thanh menu File > Save Kt qu l: mt hp thoi Select Instance DB c m ra vi thng s mc nh l DBx (vi x tru ng vi x cu a kho i FBx v du neu FB1 th DB1) Bc 2: ng vi mc nh ny bng cch nhp chn OK Kt qu l: Khi d liu DB-Data block t ng c to ra trong folder Blocks Bc 3: ng chng trnh li bng cch chn File > Close

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3.5 Gi chng trnh t trong khi FB1 vo khi OB1 Chng trnh iu khin ng c c gi vo trong khi OB1. Chng ta c th to khi OB1 vit di dng LAD, FBD, STL, hoc SCL ( y khi OB1 c to ra di dng LAD. Chng trnh ca khi OB1 c biu din nh s sau. Lm trnh t cc bc nh sau: Bc 1: M folder Blocks trong S7 program trong ca s SIMATIC Manager Bc 2: Double- click vo khi OB1 Bc 3: Chn ngn ng vit dng LAD bng cch View > LAD Bc 4: M Overviews ra nu ch c sn bng cch View > Overwiews Ri nhp chn FB, ri double-click vo FB1 Bc 5: G tn ca khi d liu DB1 vo pha trn

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Hnh 3.4. Go i khoi FB trong OB1 Bc 6: Lu v ng khi OB1 li bng cch File > Save ri File >Close 3.6. Download chng trnh xung CPU v kim tra tua n t chng trnh 3.6.1. Download chng trnh xung CPU cho php download chng trnh xung CPU, ta phi download tt c cc khi ( DB1, FB1, OB1, FC70/71, FC72 v/hoc FC73) xung CPU theo cc bc sau: Trang 40

Bc 1: M ca s chnh SIMATIC Manager v chn folder Blocks. Bc 2: Chn menu PLC> Download 3.6.2 Kim tra chng trnh kim tra chng trnh , i hi cn phi kt ni vi vi CPU Bc 1: M ca s chnh SIMATIC Manager. Bc 2: M Sequencer bng cch double-click vo khi FB1. Bc 3: Chn menu Debug > Monitor. Kt qu l: Trng tri chng trnh c hin th ( Step u tin c kch hot). Step no hot ng c hin th mu xanh

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