IB Mathematics SL Topics

1 Algebra
1.1 1.2 1.3 2.1 2.2 arithmetic sequences geometric sequences exponents logarithms the binomial theorem the concept of function f : x # f(x) the graph of a function its equation y = f(x) transformations of graphs: translations The reciprocal function x # the quadratic function x # ax2 + bx + c its graph sums of finite arithmetic sequences sums of infinite geometric series laws of exponents laws of logarithms expansion of (a + b)n domain, range composite functions function graphing skills use of graphing calculator stretches reflections its graph its y-intercept axis of symmetry x = sigma notation change of base Pascals triangle identity function inverse function f1 investigation of key features of graphs (incl. asymptotes) solving of equations graphically f1 as reflection in y = x its self-inverse nature

2 Functions and equations

2.3 2.4 2.5

1 x

b 2a

2.6 2.7 2.8

the solution of ax2 + bx + c = 0 the exponential function x # ax with a > 0 the exponential function x # ex the circle radian measure of angles definition of cos and sin in terms of the unit circle double angle formulae: the circular functions sin x, cos x, and tan x their domains and ranges solution of trigonometric equations in a finite interval solution of triangles the law of cosines

3 Circular functions & trig

3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4

the quadratic formula its inverse function x # logax for x>0 the logarithmic function x # ln x for x > 0 length of an arc sin cos sin 2 = 2 sin cos their periodic nature their graphs tan as includes those of the type a sin(b(x + c)) = k the law of sines

the form x # a(x h)2 + k with vertex (h, k) the form x # a(x p)(x q) with x-intercepts (p, 0) and (q, 0) use of the discriminant = b2 4ac their graphs solution of ax = b using logarithms

area of a sector the identity cos2 + sin2 = 1 cos 2 = cos2 sin2 composite functions of the form f(x) = a sin(b(x + c)) + d quadratic equations in terms of trigonometric functions graphical interpretation 1 the area of a triangle as ab sin C 2

3.5

3.6

4 Matrices

4.1 4.2

definition of a matrix algebra of matrices: equality addition, subtraction determinant of a square matrix calculation of 2 2 and 3 3 determinants solution of systems of linear equations using inverse matrices vectors as displacements in the plane vectors as displacements in three dimensions components of a vector column representation

the terms element, row, column, and order multiplication by a scalar multiplication of matrices inverse of a 2 2 matrix conditions for the inverse of a matrix (maximum of three equations in three unknowns)

identity matrices zero matrices finding the inverse of a 3 3 matrix with a graphing calculator

4.3

4.4

5 Vectors

5.1

v1 v = v2 = v1i + v2 j + v3k v 3 algebraic and geometric approaches to the sum and difference of vectors the zero vector

the vector v multiplication by a scalar kv the magnitude of a vector v unit vectors base vectors i, j, k position vectors OA = a

AB = OB OA = b a

5 Vectors

5.2

parallel vectors the scalar product of two vectors representation of a line as r = a + tb distinguishing between coincident and parallel lines concepts of population, sample, random sample presentation of data as frequency tables presentation of data as diagrams mean, median, mode quartiles, percentiles cumulative frequency concepts of trial, outcome, equally likely outcomes sample space (U) and event Combined events conditional probability
use of Venn diagrams concept of discrete random variables binomial distribution normal distribution informal ideas of limit and convergence derivatives of xn, sin x, cos x, tan x, ex, and ln x differentiation of sums and real multiples of simpler functions local maximum and minimum points indefinite integration as antidifferentiation

v w = v w cos = v1w1 + v2w2 + v3w3 the angle between two lines finding points where lines intersect frequency distribution of discrete and continuous data presentation of data as box and whisker plots grouped data mid-interval values range interquartile range cumulative frequency graphs the probability of an event A as n( A) P( A) = n(U )

perpendicular vectors the angle between two vectors

5.3 5.4

6 Statistics and probability

6.1 6.2

6.3 6.4 6.5

interval width upper and lower interval boundaries frequency histograms variance standard deviation use to find median, quartiles, percentiles the complementary events A and A P(A) + P(A) = 1

6.6 6.7
6.8 6.9 6.10 6.11

P(A B) = P(A) + P(B) P(A B)

definition P ( A | B ) =
use of tree diagrams their probability distributions mean of the binomial distribution properties of the normal distribution definition of derivative as f ( x + h) f ( x ) f ( x) = lim h 0 h P ( A B) P( B)

P(A B) = 0 for mutually exclusive events independent events definition P(A|B) = P(A) = P(A|B)
use of tables of outcomes to solve problems expected value (mean) E(X) for discrete data standardization of normal variables

7 Calculus

7.1

7.2 7.3 7.4

7.5

7.6 7.7

antidifferentiation with a boundary condition to determine the constant term kinematics problems graphical behavior of functions: tangents and normals behavior for large x horizontal and vertical asymptotes

the chain rule for composite functions use of first and second derivative in optimization problems indefinite integrals of xn, sin x, 1 cos x, , ex x definite integrals

derivative interpreted as gradient (slope) function derivative interpreted as rate of change the product and quotient rules the second derivative

the composites of these with the linear function ax + b areas under and between curves volumes of revolution

displacement (s), velocity (v), and acceleration (a) the significance of the second derivative distinction between maximum and minimum points

points of inflexion (inflection) with zero and non-zero gradients (slopes)