Contents

1 ............................................................................................................................. Merits of Salh................................................................................................................................. 1 Sayings of the holy Prophet1 ................................................................................................ : Times of Salh and number of units ............................................................................................ 2 Etiquettes of entering the mosque ............................................................................................. 3 Manner of performing ablution (Wuz) ...................................................................................... 3 Tayammum .................................................................................................................................. 3 Obligatory acts of Tayammum: ............................................................................................... 3 Other rulings: ........................................................................................................................... 4 Manner of performing Salh ....................................................................................................... 4 Witr Salh: ................................................................................................................................... 5 Friday Salh ................................................................................................................................. 6 Manner of Ablution ..................................................................................................................... 6 Manner of Salh .......................................................................................................................... 6

Merits of Salh
Sayings of the holy Prophet:
Worship Allh as if you see Him, and if you cannot achieve this state of devotion then you must consider that He is looking at you. (Bukhr 50) My comfort has been provided in Salah. (Nasa 3939) The first thing for which a Muslim will be brought to account on the Day of Resurrection will be the obligatory prayers. (Ibn Mjah 1425) I wished to burn down the (homes of) people not attending Salh. (Tirmiz 217) If a person regularly performs Salh, it will serve as a light, an argument in his support and a savior. (Ahmad 6576) Command a child to perform Salh when he reaches the age of seven years. When he becomes ten years old, then beat him upon missing Salh. (Ab Dwd 494) The best deed is the (performance of) prayer at its proper time. (Muslim 85) Allh blots out (annuls) evil deeds through the five Salhs. (Bukhr 508) If a person performs Wuz and does it well, then performs two units of Salh in

which his heart and face are focused, Paradise will be his. (Nasa 151) The five (daily) Salhs, one Friday Salh up to the (next) Friday Salh, and one Ramazn up to the next Ramazn are expiations for the (sins) committed in between (their intervals), provided one shuns the major sins. (Muslim 233) Allh, the Exalted, has made five prayers obligatory. If anyone performs ablution for them well, offers them at their (right) time, and observes perfectly the bowing and submissiveness in them, it is the guarantee of Allh that He will pardon him. (Ab Dwd 425) Between man, and polytheism and unbelief is the abandonment of Salh. (Muslim 82) Salh is the pillar of Dn. If a person upholds it, he upholds the Dn. If he demolishes it, he demolishes the Dn. (An Nfilah fil Ahdith-iz Za'fati wal Mauz'ah) If a person misses Fajr Salh, he loses the luminosity of his face. If a person misses Zuhr Salh, he loses the blessings in his income. If a person misses 'Asr Salh, he loses his physical strength. If a person misses Maghrib Salh, his children turn out to be of no help to him. If a person misses 'Ish Salh, he loses comfort in his sleep.

Times of Salh and number of units

Salh Name Fajr Start Time Break of true dawn End Time Sunrise Units Emphasized Sunnah Compulsory Emphasized Sunnah 2 2 4

Zuhr

When the sun comes down from the zenith

When the shadow of an object becomes twice its length in addition to its noonshadow

'Asr

When the shadow of an object becomes twice its length in addition to its noonshadow Sunset

Before sunset (Makrh (avoidable) time starts at around 20 minutes before sunset.) When the whiteness of twilight disappears

Farz Emphasized Sunnah Nafl NonEmphasized Sunnah Farz Farz Emphasized Sunnah Nafl Nonemphasized Sunnah Farz Emphasized Sunnah Nafl

4 2 2 4

Maghrib

4 3 2 2 4

Ish

When the whiteness of twilight disappears

Before break of true dawn (The preferable time is up to midnight.)

4 2 2

Witr Nafl

3 2

Etiquettes of entering the mosque

Put the right foot first inside the mosque. Clean your shoes beforehand if filth has stuck to it. Say ( Bismillh= In Allhs name) while entering. As soon as you enter, greet those present with ( Assalmu laikum= Peace be upon you.) If nobody is there in the mosque, then greet yourself with and supplicate to Allh saying: (Allhumma-fta l ab ba ra matik= Allh! Open Your doors of mercy upon me.) Sit do n ith your face to ards the holy Ka'bah. Dont engage in orldly conversations, games and frivolities, sale and purchase. Dont raise your voice. While exiting the mosque, put out your left foot first and recite: ( Allhumma inn as'aluka min fa lik= Allh! I ask You out of Your magnificence.)

Manner of performing ablution (Wuz)

There are four obligatory acts in Wuz: (1) washing the face, (2) washing both the hands up to and including the elbows, (3) wiping the head with wet hands, and (4) washing both the feet. First relieve yourself, if needed. Sit facing the Ka'bah and recite ( Bismi-llhi rra mni-rra m= In Allhs name, the all-merciful, the very compassionate.) Wash both the hands up to the rists. Clean your teeth ith tooth-stick. If tooth-stick is not available, clean using your forefinger. Rinse your mouth thrice ith ater. Sniff ater into your nose thrice and clean the nostrils with left-hand fingers. Wash your face thrice keeping in mind that the area between the place of hair-growth on forehead and the region underneath the chin, and that between the two ear-lobes, gets washed. Even if a hair-thin space remains dry in this region, Wuz will be invalid. Wash both the arms inclusive of the elbows. Wash the right hand before the left. Wet your hands afresh and ipe your head, ears and neck. Wash the t o feet up to and including the ankles. Wash the right foot before the left. You should avoid talking during Wuz. While washing your organs, you should keep repeating the Shahdah-formula and the supplication: ( Allhumma-gfir l anb a wassi` l f dr wa brik l f ri q= Allh! Forgive my sins, make my house spacious, and bless my income.) After Wuz, recite the formula: . ( Ashhadu all ilha illal-lhu a dahu, l sharka lah. Wa ashhadu anna Mu ammadan bduhu wa rasluh: I testify that there is no god other than Allh Who is one and without partner. I testify that Muhammad is Allhs servant and prophet. Allh! Make me among those who frequently repent, those who diligently keep themselves clean, and those who are Your pious servants. Tirmiz 55)

Tayammum
Obligatory acts of Tayammum: You should make intention before performing Tayammum The earthy substance used for the purpose should be clean and pure. You should thrust both the hands upon it once. You should wipe your face and arms.

Other rulings: Tayammum is prescribed hen sick, in fear of an enemy, during journey through a place here there is no water, and, in general, when water is not available. For Tayammum, you need a pure clay-lump or a substance covered ith pure dust or earth. Thrust both your palms upon it and ipe you face ith the palms. Thrust your palms again and ipe both your arms from finger-tips to elbows inclusive, with the other palms one by one.

Manner of performing Salh

Stand upon prayer-mat and turn to ards the Ka'bah. Make intention and recite: ( Inn wajjahtu wajhiya lilla fa aras-samwti wal-ar a anfa wa m ana mina-lmushrikn= I have, indeed, turned my face straight towards the One who created the heavens and the earth, and I am not one of those who associate partners with Allh. Qurn 6:79) Raise both your hands to the level of your ears and then, saying Takbr: ( Allhu akbar= Allh is the greatest.) bring down your hands and place your right palm over your left belo the navel. This is the Hanaf method. The other method is Shfi Habal in hich the palms are placed upon the chest. Then recite San: ( Sub nakal-lhumma a bi amdika a tabraka-smuka wa . ta`l jadduka wa l ilha ghairuk= Allh! You are without blemish, and You are praiseworthy. Your name is blessed and Your glory is exalted. There is no God besides You. Tirmiz:242) Recite Taa u : ( A u billhi minash shai n-ir rajm= I seek refuge with Allh from Satan, the outcast.) Recite ( Bismillh-ir Ra mnir Ra m= With the name of Allh, the All-Merciful, the Very-Merciful.) Recite the Qurnic chapter Al Ftihah: (2) (3) (4) (5) )7( ( (6) Al amdu lillhi rabbi-llamn (2) Arra manir-ra m (3) Mliki yaumid-dn (4) Iyyka na`budu wa iyyka nastan (5) Ihdinas-sir almustaqm (6) Sir al-la na an mta laihim gairil mag bi laihim ala- lln (7)= Praise belongs to Allh, the Lord of all the worlds, the All-Merciful, the Very Merciful, the Master of the Day of Requital. You alone do we worship, and from You alone do we seek help. Take us on the straight path: the path of those on whom You have bestowed Your Grace, not of those who have incurred Your wrath, nor of those who have gone astray.) Read any other Qurnic chapter. Example: )4( ( (1) (2) (3) Qul huwal-lhu a ad (1) Allhus-samad (2) Lam yalid wa lam ylad (3) Walam yakul lah kufu an a ad (4)= Say: The truth is that Allh is One. Allh is Besought of all, needing none. He neither begot anyone, nor was he begotten. And equal to Him has never been any one.) Lo er do n yourself to the bowing position saying . Recite the bowing-formula three, five or seven times: ( Sub na rabbiyal a m= Glory be to my mighty Lord!) Raise your head from bowing, saying: ( Sami allhu liman amidah= Allh heard those who sent praises to Him.) and when standing straight, say: ( Rabban a lakal amd= Our Lord! All the praises are for you.) Then go do n to prostration saying . Recite the prostration-formula ( Sub na rabbiyal a l= Glory be to my Lord, most high!) three, five or seven times. Raise your head from the first prostration saying . Sit on folded knees for the duration of reciting one tasbh ( : Sub nal-lh= Glory be to Allh.) Go down to the second prostration saying . Recite the prostration-formula as in the first ( . This completes the first Salh-unit.) In the Shfi-Habal prostration. Stand up saying method, hands are raised up to the level of ears before and after every bowing. This is termed as Hand-Raising (raf'e yadain). Moreover, in this method, mn is said audibly in Salh-units with audible recitation. This is called Audible mn-Saying (mn bil jahr).

Perform the second Salh-unit like the first unit except that you should not recite San and Taa u . On completing the second unit, sit on folded knees and recite Tashahhud: . .( At ta iyytu lillhi as-sala tu a - ayyibt. As salmu laika ayyuhan-nabiyyu a ra matullhi a baraktuh. As salmu lain wa l bdillhis-sli n. Ashhadu all ilha illallhu a ash-hadu anna Mu ammadan bduh wa rasluh= All the compliments, prayers and good things are due to Allh. Peace be on you, O Prophet, and Allh's mercy and blessings be on you. Peace be on us and on the true pious slaves of Allh. I testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allh and I also testify that Muhammad is His slave and His Apostle. Bukhr 831) If you need to perform three or four units of obligatory Salh, then stand up saying for the third unit. Recite the other remaining units in the same way except that you should not recite a Qurnic chapter after Al Ftihah. But if you are performing the third and fourth units of a Sunnah or Nafl, then recite Qurnic chapters in the last two units too. In the last unit after completing Tashahhud, recite Durde Ibrhm: ( . Allhumma salli l Mu ammadi wa l li Mu ammadin kam sallaita l Ibrhma a l li Ibrhma, innaka ameedum-majd. Allhumma brik l Mu ammadi wa l li Mu ammadin kam brakta l Ibrhma a l li Ibrhma, innaka ameedum-majd= Allh! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad and on the family of Muhammad, as You sent Your Mercy on Ibrahm and on the family of Ibrahm, for You are the Most Praiseworthy, the Most Glorious. O Allh! Send Your Blessings on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent your Blessings on Ibrahm and on the family of Ibrahm, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious. Bukhr 337) After this, recite the traditional supplication: ( . Allhumma inn alamtu nafs ulman katheer, a l yagfiru -zunba ill ant(a), fagfir l magfiratam min indik(a), ar amn, innaka ant-al gafr-ur rahm.= Allh! I have wronged my soul very much (oppressed myself), and none forgives the sins but You; so please bestow Your Forgiveness upon me and have mercy upon me. No doubt, You are the OftForgiving, Most Merciful. Bukhr 834) After this, turn your face right and left saying each time ( As salmu alaikum a ra matullh= Peace and Allh's Mercy be upon you.) In obligatory Salhs, recite this formula: ( Allhumma antas-salmu wa minkas salmu wa ilaika yarjis-salmu, ayyin rabban bis-salm, wa adkhiln dra-ssalm, tabrakta rabban wa talait, y aljalli al ikrm= Allh! You are Peace, the source of peace and its destination. Keep us alive in peace and let us enter the House of Peace (Jannah). You are the Lord of blessings and sublimity, O Lord of majesty and honor.)

Witr Salh:
Witr Salh is compulsory ( jib). In each of its three units, you should recite a Qurnic chapter after Ftihah. After completing the Qurnic chapter in the third Salh-unit, raise your hands to the level of yours ears as you did for the starting Takbr. Then lower the hands saying , and place your hands one over the other, below the navel as before. Recite the supplication:

 . . (Allhumma inn nastanuka a nastagfiruka, a numinu bika a nata akkalu laika, a nuthn laik-al khaira, wa nashkuruka wa l nakfuruka, a nakhla a natruku ma yafjuruka. Allhumma iyyka na budu, a laka nusall a nasjudu, a ilaika nas a na fidu, a narj ra mataka a nakhsh baka, inna baka bil kuffri mul iq= Allh! We seek help from You. We seek Your forgiveness. We believe in You. We rely on You. We praise You in the best manner. We thank You and are not ungrateful to You. We separate and break up from all who disobey You. Allh! We worship You and to You do we pray and prostrate. To You do we flee and we are quick in doing so. We hope for Your mercy and we fear Your punishment. Verily, Your punishment overtakes the Disbelievers.)

Friday Salh
Friday Salh is performed at the time of Zuhr. It is obligatory only for sane and adult Muslim men. It is not obligatory for women, slaves and sick men. However, if they perform it, it will be valid. Taking a bath on Friday is Sunnah and applying scent and wearing best clothes are desirable. The sooner a person arrives at mosque for Friday Salh, the more re ard he gets. Allhs Prophet said: When it is Friday, the angels stand at every door of the mosque and record the people in the order of their arrival, and when the Imm sits (on the pulpit for delivering the sermon) they fold up their sheets and listen to the mention (of Allh). And he who comes early is like one who offers a she-camel as a sacrifice (in reward), the next like one who offers a cow, the next a ram, the next a hen, and the next an egg. (Muslim 2/587) If a person comes later, he gets the reward of Salh only.

Manner of Ablution
Wash your palms up to your wrists in this manner. Hold the tooth-stick in this way. Enter water into the mouth thus. Enter water into the nose in this manner. Wash your face in this way. Wash both your arms from finger-tips to elbows inclusive in this manner. Wipe your head, ears and neck with wet hands in this way. Wash your feet in this manner.

Manner of Salh
Manner of the starting Takbr Manner of placing palms below navel / on chest

Manner of bowing Manner of standing up after bowing. Manner of placing palms, nose and forehead in prostration Manner of performing prostration Manner of placing your hands during prostration Manner of sitting upon bent knees after prostrations Manner of placing hands and feet in Tashahhud-sitting and of raising the right forefinger Manner of sitting for Tashahhud Manner of performing the ending Salm Manner of performing supplication after Salh