Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Li ni u
n cung cp in c thc hin nhm th hin s nm vng l
thuyt mn hc Cung cp in. Sinh vin chn thnh cm n ging vin
hng dn Bch Quc Khnh hng dn tn tnh sinh vin thc hin
n ny ng thi gian. Tt nhin trong qu trnh thit k ln u cn rt
nhiu thiu st, sinh vin mong c s sa cha, ch dn thm ca cc thy
c gio
Cc s liu ban u:
1. in p ngun 22kV hoc 35kV
2. Dung lng ngn mch v pha h p ca trm bin p khu vc:
350MVA
3. ng dy cung cp in cho my: dng dy nhm li thp (AC) t
treo trn khng
4. Khong cch t ngun n nh my l 12km
5. Cng sut ca ngun in: v cng ln
6. Nh my lm vic ba ca Tmax=150(20+a) (h)
a l s hiu sinh vin trong nhm.
Sinh vin c s th t th 2 trong nhm nn a=2

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Chng 1: Gii thiu chung

cc nh my hin nay, thit b v my mc u tng i hin i nn
i hi yu cu v cht lng tin cy v an ton trong cung cp in ht
sc nghim ngt. V th h thng in phi c thit k hon ho m bo
cung cp in y , cht lng v tin cy cho cc h dng in mc cao
nht.
H thng cung cp din cho nh my cn phi m bo c cc ch tiu
k thut v kinh t t ra, p ng tt cho ph ti in ca nh my, hn na
cng cn phi tnh n kh nng m rng ca nh my trong tng lai.
Ph ti ca nh my luyn kim mu c thng k trong bng sau:
TT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11

Tn phn xng
Phng th nghim
Phn xng (PX) s 1
PX s 2
PX s 3
PX s 4
PX sa cha c kh
L ga
PX rn
B phn nn p
Trm bm
Chiu sng phn xng

Cng sut t (kW)

120
3500
4000
3000
2500
theo tnh ton
400
1600
600
150
theo din tch

Loi h tiu th
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
3

S b tr mt bng cc phn xng trong nh my:

S mt bng nh my luyn kim mu

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Nh my ch to vng bi c nhiu loi phn xng khc nhau. Cc phn

xng li c phn loi thnh ph ti khc nhau, do h thng in cn
phi c thit k sao cho ph hp vi yu cu ca tng loi ph ti khc
nhau m bo cc yu cu nh: tin cy cp in, cht lng in, an ton
v tnh kinh t

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Chng 2: Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng sa cha c kh

v ca ton nh my
tin hnh xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my, trc tin ta phi
xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng c kh v ph ti chiu sng.
2.1. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca phn xng sa cha c kh
phn xng ny, ta c bng s liu ca cc thit b vi cng sut nh
mc Pm, ta s xc nh ph ti tnh ton Ptt da vo cng thc:
Ptt = K max Ptb = Kmax Ksd Pm

Nh vy ta cn phai phn nhom phu tai xac inh Pm cua tng nhom, h
s s dung Ksd va h s Kmax ( Kmax c xac inh t bang theo nhq va
K sd

Ta tin hnh phn nhm ph ti da trn cc tiu ch

+) Ph ti cng mt nhm nn c ch lm vic tng t nhau
+) Tng cng sut nh mc ph ti cc nhm nn xp x nhau ngoi ra s
lng ph ti trong mt nhm cng nn xp x nhau
+) Cc ph ti trong mt nhm nn c t gn nhau
Da vo cc tiu ch trn ta co th tin hanh phn chia cac nhom nh hinh
ve

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Nhn xet:
- Trong cc nhm trn u c m > 3 v ksd < 0,2 ( phn xng sa cha c
kh c ksd = 0,14 0,2 )
Ta tin hnh tnh Ptt nh sau
+) Xc nh nhq
5

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm I

STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Tn Ph Ti
Ba Hi Rn M-412
Ba Hi Rn M-415A
L Rn
L Rn
L in H-15
Dm Treo C Palng in
My Bin p

Ch Lm Vic
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Ngn Hn Lp Li
Di Hn

Pdm(kW)
10
28
4,5
6
15
4.8
2.2

SL(10)
2
2
1
1
1
1
2

Trong Dm Treo lm vic trong ch ngn hn lp li nn nhn thm

vi h s k = k d = 0,25 = 0,5
n = 10 ; Pdmnhm = 110,7 kW
C Pmmax = 28 kW s thit b c P 0,5.28 = 14 kW

n1 = 3
P1 = 28 + 28 + 15 = 71 kW
3
= 0,3
10
71
P* = 110,7 = 0,641

n* =

n*hq=f (n*, P*)=0,6 (P* = 0,641 ly gi tr gn ng vi P* = 0,65)

0,95
= 0.611
Nu tinh bng cng thc kinh nghim: n*hq = p * + (1 p*)2
n*
1 n *
Vy nhq = n*hq.n = 0,6.10 = 6 (thit b)
2

Chn ksd = 0,15. Tra bng PL I.6 trong (1), trang 256
kmax = f(nhq,ksd) = 2,64
Ptt = kmax.ksd.Pm =2,64.0,15.110,7 =43,84 (kW)
Ta chn cos = 0,6 chung cho cc thit b trong xng tg = 1,33
Qtt = Ptt.tg = 43,84.1,33 = 58,31 (kVar)
Stt = Ptt / cos = 73,07 (kVA)
Tin hnh tng t vi cc nhm ph ti II, III, IV, V vi
Nhm II
STT Tn Ph Ti
1
Qut Ly Tm

Ch Lm Vic Pdm(kW)
Di Hn
7
6

SL(8)
1

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

2
3
4
5
6
7
8

My p Ma St
L Rn
My Mi Sc
Qut Thng Gi
Qut L
Thit B Cao Tn
Thit B o Bi

Nhm III
STT Tn Ph Ti
1
L in H-30
2
L in Rn
3
L in C-20
4
L in B-20
5
B Du
6
Thit B Ti Bnh Rng
7
B Du Tng Nhit

Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn

10
4,5
3,2
2,5
2,8
80
23

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Ch Lm Vic
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn

Pdm(kW)
30
36
20
20
4
18
3

SL(7)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Ch Lm Vic
Di Hn
Ngn Hn Lp Li
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn

Pdm(kW)
30
1,3
90
0,25
0,6
6,5

SL(7)
1
1
1
1
1
1

Ch Lm Vic
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn
Di Hn

Pdm(kW)
45
4,2
10
7
9
12
18

SL(7)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Nhm IV
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6

Tn Ph Ti
L in III-30
Cn Trc Cnh C Palng
L in Ha Cng
My Mi Sc
My o Cng u Cn
My Bo G C-4

Nhm V
STT
1
2
3
4
5
6
7

Tn Ph Ti
My Nn Kh
My Khoan
My Bo G CP6-5
My Cu Trn
Qut Gi Trung Gian
Qut Gia S 9,5
Qut S 14

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

T ta c bng kt qu tnh ton cho cc nhm ph ti I, II, III v IV nh

sau:
Nhm
I
II
III
IV

Pm
110,7
133
131
132,5

N
10
8
7
7

nhq
6
2
5
2

ksd
0,15
0,15
0,15
0,15

kmax
2,64

105,2

0,15

3,11

2,87

Ptt
43,84
80
56.4
90
49,08

Qtt
58,31
106,4
75,01
119,7
0
65,28

Stt
73,07
133,33
94
150
81,80

Trong bng ny th vi nhm II v nhm IV ta khng tnh n kmax bi v

nhq < 4, khi tnh ton Ptt ta p dng cng thc
n

Ptt =

P
i =1

dmi

2.2. Xc nh ph ti chiu sng ca phn xng sa cha c kh

xc nh ph ti chiu sng ta p dng cng thc
Pcs = po.F
Trong F l din tch chiu sng tnh t t l xch
po l sut ph ti trn n v din tch (chn po = 15 W/m2)
o trn hnh v sn c ta c : chiu di phn xng l 15 mm
chiu rng phn xng l 10 mm
Vi t l xch 1/3000
Ta c din tch phn xng l:
F = 10 103 15 103 ( 3000 ) = 1350 ( m2 )
2

Cng sut chiu sng ca phn xng:

Pcs = 15.1350 = 20250 (W) = 20,25 (kW)

Chn loi n si t cos = 1 th ta c Qcs = 0 (kW)
2.3. Xc nh ph ti ton phn phn xng sa cha c kh (bao gm
c chiu sng)

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Sau khi c c s liu ph ti tnh ton v ph ti chiu sng ca c

4 nhm thit b trong phn xng sa cha c kh, ta xc nh ph ti ca
ton phn da vo ph ti cc nhm v h s ng thi ( K dt )
Trong tnh ton li phn phi th K dt = 0.8 0.85 . y ta chn kdt = 0,8.
Vy :
Cng sut tc dng ca c phn xng:
* Ptt = Pl + Pcs
n

= kdt.

P
i =1

ttn hom

+ Pcs

= 0,8.(43,84 + 80 +56,4 + 90 + 49,08) + 20,25

= 275,706 (kW)
Cng sut phn khng ca c phn xng:
* Qtt = Ql + Qcs
n

= kdt.

Q
i =1

ttn hom

+ Qcs

= 0,8.(58,31 + 106,4 + 75,01 + 119,70 + 65,28)

= 339,76 (kVar)
Vy ph ti ton phn ca c phn xng sa cha c khi :
Stt= Ppx2 + Q2px = 275.706

339.76
+

437.55
=
(kVA)

2.4. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng cn li

cc phn xng cn li, ta u c cng sut t c th ca cc phn
xng, v th ta xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca cc phn xng ny da vo
cng sut t v h s nhu cu ( K nc ) :
Pdl = K nc P
v Qdl = Pdl tg

H s K nc v cos c xc nh nh tra s tay. Trng hp nu khng c

trong s tay, ta tnh da vo h s s dng K sd theo cng thc : K nc = 1.2 K sd
( K sd c tra trong bang PL I.3, (1), tr 254)
Vic xc nh ph ti chiu sng ca cc phn xng ny hon ton tng t
nh mc 2.2. Ring trng hp cp in chiu sang cho phong thi nghim
thi ta chon sut chiu sang P0 = 20(W / m2 ) . Cac trng hp con lai ta chon
P0 = 15(W / m 2 ) (theo bang PL I.2, (1), tr 254)

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Sau khi tnh ton c ph ti tnh ton ng lc v ph ti chiu sng, ta

xc nh ph ti tnh ton ton phn ca cc phn xng ny theo cng thc
mc 2.3. Ta s a ra c bng thng k nh sau :
Phn
Xng
Phng
TN
PX1

knc

cos

Pl

Ql

P0

Pcs

Qcs

Ptt

Qtt

Stt

120

0,8

0,8

96

72

1701

20

34.02

130.02

72

148.62

3500

0,3

0,6

1050

1400

4104

15

61,56

1111,56

1400

1787.61

PX2

4000

0,3

0,6

1200

1600

3780

15

56,70

1256,7

1600

2034.53

PX3

3000

0,3

0,6

900

1200

2916

15

43.74

943,74

1200

1519.65

PX4

2500

0,3

0,6

750

1000

2808

15

42.12

792,12

1000

1275.72

L ga

400

0.6

0.6

240

320

1296

15

19,44

259,44

320

411.96

PX Rn

1600

0.6

0.6

960

1280

2412

15

36,18

996,18

1280

1621.97

B Phn
Nn p
Trm
Bm

600

0.6

0,7

360

367,3

900

15

13,5

373,5

367,3

523,82

150

0,8

0,8

120

90

1296

15

19,44

139,44

90

165,96

( Ghi ch: Trng hp trm bm ta dng cng thc

K nc = 1.2 K sd = 1.2 0.67 = 0.8 )
2.5. Xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my
Da vo kt qu thu c mc 2.3 v bng kt qu tnh ton mc 2.4, ta
xc nh ph ti tnh ton ca ton nh my nh sau:
(Chn h s ng thi kt = 0,8.)
n

Pnmy = kt i =1

pxi

= 0,8.( 130,02 + 1111,56 + 1256,7 + 943,74 + 792,12 +

+ 259,44 + 996,18 + 373,5 + 139,44 + 275,706 )
= 5022.73 (kW)

Qnmy = kt i =1

cos = cos(t g 1

pxi

= 0,8.( 72 + 1400 + 1600 + 1200 + 1000 + 320+

+ 1280 + 367,3 + 90 + 339,76 )
= 6135.25 (kVar)

Pnm
5022.73
) = cos(t g 1
) = 0.63
Qnm
6135.25

10

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

2
2
+ Qnmy
Snmy = Pttmy
= 7929.00 (kVA)

2.6. Xc nh Biu Ph Ti Ton Nh My

2.6.1 Tm ph ti in.
Tm ph ti in l im quy c no sao cho tho mn iu kin m
men ph ti

Pi.li t gi tr cc tiu.

Trong :
Pi : Cng sut ca ph ti th i.
Li : Khong cch ca ph ti th i n tm ph ti.
Ta tm ph ti M(x0,y0,z0) c xc nh nh sau:
n

x0 =

S .x

i=1
n

59395.07
= 5.5 (cm)
10848.99

41540.62
= 3.8 (cm)
10848.99

i=1
n

y0 =

S y
i =1
n

S
i =1

Trong :
Si : Cng sut ton phn ca ph ti th i.
(xi,yi,zi) : To ca ph ti th i tnh theo mt h trc ta
tu chn.
Trong thc t thng ta t quan tm n ta z nn ta ch xc nh

ta x v y ca tm ph ti.
Tm ph ti l im tt nht t cc trm bin p, t phn phi v

t ng lc nhm gim vn u t v tn tht trn ng dy.

2.6.2 Biu ph ti in.
Ta cn xc nh biu ph ti xc nh v tr t cc trm bin p
mt cch hp l trn mt bng ca x nghip
Biu ph ti cho ta thy ton cnh b tr thit b ng thi cho ta
thy cng tiu th in ca tng im ti v mt phn b ph ta trn
11

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

s tng th t d dng la chn im t hp l ca trm bin p.

Biu ph ti c th c xy dng bng cch biu th ph ti ca cc
im di dng hnh trn bn knh r
ri =

Si
m

Si l cng sut tnh ton ca phn xng th i

m l t l xch ty chn

Vng trn ph ti gm
2 phn tng ng
vi cc ph ti ng lc ( phn gch cho ) v ph ti chiu sng ( phn
trng ). ln gc biu th cho ln ca cng sut tnh ton chiu sng:
cs =

360.Pcs
Ptt

Tnh ton cho phn xng luyn kim

Phn xng 1c cc thng s sau:
Pcs=61.56(kW)
Ptt=1111.56 (kW)
Stt=1787.61 (kVA)
Trong ly h s m=3 (kVA/mm2)
S1
1787.61
=
= 13.78(mm)
m
3.14 3
360.Pcs 360 61.56
cs =
=
= 19.97 0
Ptt
1111.56

r1 =

Cc phn xng cn li c tnh ton tng t, s liu cho trong bng

sau:
Pcs

Phn
Xng
Phng TN

34.02 130.02

PX1

61,56 1111,5
6

ST
T

Ptt

Stt

0cs

148.62

Tm Ph Ti
X
Y
1.7
3.6

R
(mm)
3.97

1787,61

3.5

13.78 19.97

12

6.3

94.19

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

PX2

56,7

1256,7

2034,53

3.5

2.1

14.70 16.24

PX3

43.74 943,74

1519,65

2.1

12.70 16.68

PX4

42.12 792,12

1275,72

6.3

11.64 19.14

PXSCCK

339,76

1.5

6.00

26.44

L ga

20,25 275,70
6
19,44 259,44

411.96

9.3

1.5

6.61

26.97

PX Rn

36,18 996,18

1621.97

9.3

5.4

13.12 13.07

B Phn
Nn p
Trm
Bm

13,5

523,82

8.8

6.9

7.46

13.01

165,96

11.6

3.5

4.20

50.19

1
0

373,5

19,44 139,44

T tnh ton trn ta a ra c hnh v biu ph ti in:

13

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

CHNG 3: THIT K MNG IN CAO P CA NH MY

3.1. Xac inh in ap lin kt vi ngun

Ta c biu thc kinh nghim xc nh in p lin kt vi ngun l
U = 4,34. l + 0,016.P
U = 4,34. 12 + 0,016.4945,80 = 41,43 (kV)
T ta chn mng in trung p vi in p 35 kV

3.2. xut phng an s cung cp in

3.2.1. Tm phu tai
a xac inh muc 2.6.1, ta co :
n

xo =

S i xi
i =1
n

Si

= 5.5 (cm), yo =

S y
i =1
n

Si

= 3.8 (cm)

i =1

i =1

Nh vy im tm phu tai nay, ta se t may bin ap trung gian hoc tu

phn phi trung tm cp in cho cac xng trong nha may.
3.2.2. Phng n s dung trm ngun
Ta c 2 phng n
1. Dng Trm Bin p Trung Gian
2. Dng Trm Phn Phi Trung Tm
3.2.3. Xac inh s may bin ap, vi tri t v dung lng s dng
Da vao phu tai tinh toan cua cac phn xng a xac inh muc 2.4, vi
nhng phu tai co cng sut tinh toan nho, ta se cp in chung cho nhom t
1 bin ap va coi o nh la 1 phu tai. T o ta a ra c s may bin ap
hp ly la 6 may. Cu th nh sau :
14

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Trm bin p B1 s cp in cho Phng th nghim v Phn xng s

1
Trm bin p B2 s cp in cho Phn xng s 2
Trm bin p B3 s cp in cho Phn xng s 3
Trm bin p B4 s cp in cho Phn xng s 4 v b phn nn p
Trm bin p B5 s cp in cho Phn xng sa cha c kh, l ga
v trm bm
Trm bin p B6 s cp in cho Phn xng rn

Cng sut cua may bin ap c xac inh da vao cng thc:
S

SmB
NB
khc

tt
SmB N k
B hc
l ph ti tnh ton my bin p
l s my bin p trong trm
l h s iu chnh cng sut nh mc my bin p theo iu

kin vn hnh khc =1 -

t t0
. Tuy nhin n ny la chn cc
100

my bin p sn xut ti Vit Nam, nn h s hiu chnh ny

coi nh = 1
Vi cch phn nhm nh trn, ta thy rng mi nhm u c h tiu
th in loi 1, v th mi trm ta u t 2 my bin p, nn N B = 2
Ngoi ra cng sut my bin p cn phi tha mn iu kin khi xy ra s
c:
S dmB

Sttsc
( N B 1)khc kqt

y ta cc my bin p ngoi tri nn kqt = 1.4

Da vo 2 cng thc trn, ta tin hnh la chn cng sut my bin p
cho cc trm
+ Trm bin p B1
Dung lng ca my bin p

148.62 + 1787.61 1936.61

= 968.12 (kVA)
2

tt
=
SmB N k =
2
B hc
iu kin kim tra khi xy ra s c

ttsc
SmB ( N 1)k k =
B
hc qt

0.7(148.62 + 1787.61)
= 968.12 (kVA)
1.4

15

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Vy ta chn my bin p c cng sut 1000 kVA

+ Trm bin p B2
Dung lng ca my bin p
S

2034.53

tt
SmB N k = 2 = 1017.27 (kVA)
B hc
iu kin kim tra khi xy ra s c

SmB

Sttsc
0.7 2034.53
=
= 1017.27 (kVA)
( N B 1)khc kqt
1.4

Vy ta chn my bin p c cng sut 1250 kVA

+ Trm bin p B3
Dung lng ca my bin p
S

1519, 65

tt
SmB N k = 2 = 759.83 (kVA)
B hc
iu kin kim tra khi xy ra s c

ttsc
SmB ( N 1)k k =
B
hc qt

0.7 1519.65
= 759.83 (kVA)
1.4

Vy ta chn my bin p c cng sut 1000 kVA

+ Trm bin p B4
Dung lng ca my bin p

1269.7 + 523.82

tt
=
SmB N k =
2
B hc
iu kin kim tra khi xy ra s c

ttsc
SmB ( N 1)k k =
B
hc qt

1793.52
= 896.76 (kVA)
2

0.7(1269.7 + 523.82)
= 896.76 (kVA)
1.4

Vy ta chn my bin p c cng sut 1000 kVA

+ Trm bin p B5
Dung lng ca my bin p
S

437.55 + 411.96 + 165.96

tt
SmB N k =
2
B hc
iu kin kim tra khi xy ra s c

16

1015.47
= 507.74 (kVA)
2

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

ttsc
SmB ( N 1)k k =
B
hc qt

0.7 1015.47
= 507.74 (kVA)
1.4

Vy ta chn my bin p c cng sut 560 kVA

+ Trm bin p B6
Dung lng ca my bin p
S

1621.97

tt
SmB N k = 2 = 810.99 (kVA)
B hc
iu kin kim tra khi xy ra s c

ttsc
SmB ( N 1)k k =
B
hc qt

0.7 1621.97
= 810.99 (kVA)
1.4

Vy ta chn my bin p c cng sut 1000 kVA

Vy ta c bng thng k li nh sau:
Trm
Stt
Tn phn xng
bin p
(kVA)
1 B1 Phng th nghim v phn xng s 1 1936.61
2 B2 Phn xng s 2
2034.53
3 B3 Phn xng s 3
1519.65
4 B4 Phn xng s 4 v b phn nn p
1793.52
5 B5 PX sa cha c kh, l ga v trm bm 1015.47
6 B6 Phn xng rn
1621.97
Nh vy ta co th co 4 phng an cp in nh sau:

TT

NB

2
2
2
2
2
2

PHNG N 1 : S DNG TBATG V HNH TIA

17

Sm
(kVA)
968.12 1000
1017.27 1250
759.83 1000
896.76 1000
507.74 560
810.99 1000
SmBA

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

PHNG N 2 : S DNG TBATG V NI LIN THNG

PHNG N 3 : S DNG TPPTT V HNH TIA

18

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

PHNG N 4 : S DNG TPPTT V NI LIN THNG

Trm
trung tm

Phng n 1
My bin p
trung tm

Phng n 2
My bin p
trung tm
19

Phng n 3
Phng n 4
Trm phn phi Trm phn phi
trung tm
trung tm

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

My bin
p phn
xng

(35/10.5 kV)
My bin p
10.5/0.4 (kV)

Cp dn

Cp in p 10
(kV) s tia

My ct

My ct loi
10kV

(35/10.5 kV)
My bin p
10.5/0.4 (kV)

My bin p
35/0.4 (kV)

My bin p
35/0.4 (kV)

Cp in p 10
Cp in p
Cp in p
(kV) s lin
35 (kV) s
35 (kV) s tia
thng
lin thng
My ct loi
My ct loi
My ct loi
10kV
35kV
35kV

3.3. Tnh ton ch tiu kinh t - k thut cho cc phng n

3.3.1. Phng n 1: Trm bin p trung gian v s hnh tia
phng n ny, ta a in t ngun 35kV v my bin p trung gian t
ti tm ph ti c t s bin 35kV/10kV. Sau khi c h th xung 10kV
my bin p trung gian, in nng li c phn phi ti cc my bin p
nh hn cho tng ph ti vi t s bin 10kV/0.4kV
3.3.1.1. Xc nh gi thnh mua my bin p
My bin p trung gian la chn cn tha mn iu kin
Ta t ti trm bin p trung gian 2 my bin p vi cng sut
S

7929.00

tt
SmB N k = 2
B hc
iu kin kim tra khi xy ra s c

ttsc
SmB ( N 1)k k =
B
hc qt

= 3964.50 (kVA)

0.7 7929.00
= 3964.50 (kVA)
1.4

Vy ta chn my bin p c cng sut 4000kVA

- Dung lng ca cc loi my bin p phn phi c tnh ton trn.
Da theo ta c bng chn cc loi my bin p vi cc thng s.
Tn
Sm
Uc/Uh P0 Pn
TBA (kVA)
(kW) (kW)
TBATG 4000 35/10 4,7 29,4
B1
1000 10/0,4 1,55
9
B2
1250 10/0,4 1,71 12,8
20

I0% Un%
0,7
1,3
1,2

7
5,0
5,5

S
n Thnh
my Gi(*) Tin(*)
2
403
806
2
125,0
250
2
162,5
325

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

B3
B4
B5
B6

1000
1000
560
1000

10/0,4
10/0,4
10/0,4
10/0,4

1,55
9
1.55
9
0.94 5.21
1.55
9
Tng gi tin
Ghi ch: (*) : triu VND

1,3
1.3
1.5
1.3

5,0
5,0
4.5
5,0

2
2
2
2

125,0
125,0
69.8
125,0

250
250
139.6
250
2270.6

Tng vn u t mua my bin p l

VB = 2270.6 (triu VND)
3.3.1.2. Xc nh tn tht in nng trn cc my bin p
xc nh tn tht in nng trong cc trm bin p, ta s dng cng
thc
S max
1

S mB
A = NB. P0.T + N B . Pn

Trong :
T: thi gian ng in ca my bin p (thng thng xem l ng in
c nm T=8760h)
: thi gian tn tht cng sut ln nht. xc nh theo cng thc:
= (0.124 + Tmax .104 ) 2 .8760

NB: s my bin p trong trm

P0 ; PN : ln lt l tn tht cng sut khng ti v tn tht cng sut
ngn mch.
Smax cng sut tnh ton ca my bin p
SmBA cng sut nh mc my bin p.
Nh my lm vic ba ca, vi Tmax = 150(20 + a) , vi a = 2 nn Tmax = 3300
(h). Vy = (0.124 + Tmax .104 )2 .8760 = 3977.04 (h)
p dng tnh ton cho trm bin p trung gian (TBATG)
1
7929.00
A = 2 4.7 8760 + 29.4 (
) 3977.04 = 312061.54 (kWh)
2

4000

Tnh ton tng t cho cc trm bin p khc ta thu c bng s liu
Tn
TBA
TBATG

S my
2

Smax
(kVA)
7929.00

SmB
(kVA)
4000

21

P0

Pn

(kW)
4.7

(kW)
29.4

(kWh)
312061.54

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6

2
2
2
2
2
2

1936.61
1000
2034.53
1250
1519.65
1000
1793.52
1000
1015.47
560
1621.97
1000
Tng tn tht

1,55
1,71
1,55
1,55
0.94
1,55

9
12,8
9
9
5.21
9

94276.75
97388.42
68485.45
84724.50
50535.17
74238.35
781710.18

3.3.1.3. Tnh ton la chn dy dn

V cc ng dy cao p cp in cho x nghip thng ngn, chng
thng c chn theo iu kin kinh t ( tc mt dng kinh t Jkt )
Fkt

I max Itt
=
J kt
J tt

Jkt c tra trong bng theo thi gian s dng cng sut ln nht Tmax v
loi dy dn.
Khi cn c th kim tra li theo iu kin tn tht in p v pht nng
U =

PR + QX
U cp
U dm

Trong Ucp l tn tht in p cho php, i vi mng cao p ly:

Ucp <5%Um
Chn dy phn phi l cp ngm, vi Tmax = 3300 h th Jkt = 3,1 (A/mm2)
Xt ng dy t TBATG n B1:
S

1936.61

ttnm
Itt = 2 3U = 2 3.10 = 55.91 (A)
dm

55.91

tt
Fkt = J = 3.1 = 18.04 (mm2)
kt

Tnh ton tng t nh cp t ngun v bin p trung tm, ta xc nh

c gi thnh dy cp t my bin p trung gian i v cc trm bin p
phn phi nh sau:
ng Dy

Stt (kVA)

TBATG-B1
TBATG-B2
TBATG-B3

1936.61
2034.53
1519.65

Fkt
F
S L
n Gi
Tin
2
2
3
(mm ) (mm ) dy (m) (10 VND/m) (103VND)
18.04 3x25
2
60
125
15000
18.95 3x25
2
30
125
7500
14.15 3x16
2
15
115
3450
22

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

TBATG-B4
TBATG-B5
TBATG-B6

1793.52
1015.47
1621.97

16.70 3x25
9.46 3x16
15.10 3x16
Tng chi ph

2
2
2

60
120
90

125
115
115

15000
27600
20700
89250

Vy tng s tin u t mua dy cp l Vd = 89250.103 VND

3.3.1.4. Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy
p dng cng thc
S 2 tt
3
P= 2 .R.10 (kV)
U dm
1
n

Trong R l in tr ng dy v c tnh bi cng thc: R = r0 L

Vi n l s dy song song
r0 l tr khng ng dy
L l chiu di ng dy
Ta xt vi trng hp ng dy t TBATGB1 gm 2 dy, mi dy di
60m. S dng loi dy c tit din F = 3x16mm, r0 = 1.47( / km) th:
1
1
R = r0 L = 1.47 103 60 = 0.044 ( )
n
2
S 2tt
1936.612
P= 2 .R.103 =
0.044 103 = 1.65 (kW)
U dm
102

Tnh ton tng t ta c bng thng k sau:

ng Dy

F
S
(mm dy
2
)
TBATG-B1
3x25 2
TBATG-B2
3x25 2
TBATG-B3
3x16 2
TBATG-B4
3x25 2
TBATG-B5
3x16 2
TBATG-B6
3x16 2
Tng tn tht cng sut:

L
(m)

r0
( /km)

R
( )

60
30
15
60
120
90

0.727
0.727
1.47
0.727
1.47
1.47

0.022
0.011
0.011
0.022
0.088
0.066

23

Stt

(kVA)

(kW)

1936.61
2034.53
1519.65
1793.52
1015.47
1621.97

0.83
0.46
0.25
0.71
0.91
1.74
4.90

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy l 4.90 kW

Tn tht in nng trn ng dy l:

A = P. = 4.9 3977.04 = 19487.50 (kWh)

3.3.1.5. Xc nh v tnh ton vn u t mua my ct cao p
Mi trm bin p mi phn xng c 2 my bin p nhn in nng
t 2 phn on thanh gp bn pha my bin p trung gian. Nh vy ta cn
phi s dng 12 my ct in cp 10kV t bn s cp ca my bin p
phn xng ngay ng sau my bin p trung gian
Ta cng phi s dng 1 my ct 10kv phn on ca h thng thanh
gp trong TBATG v 2 my ct 10kV pha h p ca my bin p trung
gian
Nh vy ta cn tt c 15 my ct 10kV
Ngoi ra phng n ny ta cn cn 2 my ct cp 35kV bo v cho
trm bin p trung gian.
Vy ta c bng tnh gi tin sau:
Tn my
Cp (kV)
(Schneider)
F200
10
F400
35

S
lng
15
2

n gi
17000
26000

T gi
USD/VND
1/19000
1/19000

Thnh tin
( 106 VND)
4845
988
5833

Tng chi ph u t cho my ct phng n ny l:

VMC = 5833000000 (VND)

3.3.1.6. Tng chi ph cho ton b phng n 1
Vn u t cho vic mua thit b l:
V= VB + VD + VMC = 2270.6 106 + 89.25 106 + 5833 106 = 8192.85 106 VND
Tng tn tht in nng cho phng n 1 l:
A = AB + AD = 781710.18 + 19487.50 = 801197.68 (kWh)
Hm chi ph xc nh tng chi ph cho phng n 1 l:
Z = (kvh + ktc).V + A.c
Trong c l gi thnh 1 s in sn xut cng nghip, tnh trung bnh l
1000 VND
Vy tng chi ph cho phng n 1 l:
Z = (0.1 + 0.2) 8192.85 106 + 801197.68 1000 = 3,259,052,680 VND

24

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

3.3.2. Phng n 2: s dng trm bin p trung gian v s lin thng

3.3.2.1. Tnh ton vn u t v tn tht cho cc my bin p
Phng n trm bin p trung tm s lin thng tng t vi phng
n 1 v phn trm bin p phn xng, ch khc tuyn cp truyn dn t
trm bin p trung tm n cc trm bin p phn xng, v s lng my
ct. V vy nn chi ph cho vic mua my bin p v tn tht trn my bin
p ca phng n 1 v phng n 2 l nh nhau:
Tng vn u t mua my bin p l: VB = 2270.6 106 VND
Tn tht trn my bin p l: A = 781710.18 kWh
3.3.2.2. Tnh ton la chn dy dn
Tnh ton la chn dy dn tng t nh phng n trn, tuy nhin:
ng dy t TBATG-B3 phi chu c ph ti bin p B3 v ph ti
bin p B5 nn: Stt= S mB3 + S mB5 = 1519.65 + 1015.47 = 2535.12 (kVA)
S

2535.12

tt
Vy ta c: I ttnm = 2 3U = 2 3 10 = 73.18 (A)
dm
Vi cp ng v Tmax = 3300 h tra bng ta c Jkt = 3,1 A/mm2

I ttnm

73.18

Stt

1015.47

Fkt = J = 3,1 = 23.61 mm2

kt
ng dy t B3-B5 ch phi chu ph ti bin p B5 nn ta c:
Itt = 2 3U = 2 3 10 = 29.31 (A)
dm
Vi cp ng v Tmax = 3300 h tra bng ta c Jkt = 3,1 A/mm2
I

29.31

ttnm
Fkt = J = 3,1 = 9.45 mm2
kt

Tnh ton tng t cho cc ng dy cn li ta c bng sau :

ng Dy

Stt

TBATG-B1
TBATG-B2
TBATG-B3
B3-B5

(kVA)
1936.61
2034.53
2535.12
1015.47

Fkt
(mm2)
18.03
18.96
23.61
9.45

F
(mm2)
3x25
3x25
3x25
3x16
25

S
dy
2
2
2
2

L
(m)
60
30
15
105

n Gi
(103VND/m)
125
125
125
115

Thnh tin
(103VND)
15000
7500
3750
24150

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

TBATG-B4 3415.49
B4-B6
1621.97
Tng gi tin

31.81
15.10

3x35
3x16

2
2

60
60

145
115

17400
13800
81600

Tng s tin u t mua dy cp l Vd = 81600.103VND

3.3.2.2. Tnh ton la chn dy dn

Tng t nh phng n 1 ta p dng cng thc
S 2 tt
3
P= 2 .R.10 (kV)
U dm

Ta thu c bng sau

ng Dy

F
S
(mm dy
2
)
TBATG-B1
3x25 2
TBATG-B2
3x25 2
TBATG-B3
3x25 2
B3-B5
3x16 2
TBATG-B4
3x35 2
B4-B6
3x16 2
Tng tn tht cng sut:

L
(m)

r0
( /km)

R
( )

60
30
15
105
60
60

0.727
0.727
0.727
1.47
0.524
1.47

0.022
0.011
0.005
0.077
0.016
0.044

Stt

(kVA)

(kW)

1936.61
2034.53
2535.12
1015.47
3415.49
1621.97

0.83
0.46
0.32
0.79
1.87
1.16
5.43

Tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy l 5.43 kW

Tn tht in nng trn ng dy l
A = P. = 5.43 3977.04 = 21595.33 (kWh)

3.3.2.2. Xc nh vn u t my ct cao p
Mng cao p trong phng n 2 c 4 trm bin p c ni trc tip
n trm bin p trung gian. Do khong cch gia cc phn xng l kh
gn nhau do ta ch cn b tr 2 my cho hai phn xng c lin thng
on ct. V vy ta ch cn dng 8 my ct in cp 10kV t pha s cp
ca my bin p phn xng t ngay sau thanh ci ca my bin p trung
gian.
Dng 1 my ct 10kV phn on ca h thng thanh gp ca TBATG,
2 Smy ct 10kV t pha h p ca my bin p trung gian
26

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Nh vy tng s my ct cn c l 11 my ct in cp 10kV
Ngoi ra phng n ny ta cn cn my 2 ct cp 35kV bo v cho
trm bin p trung gian.
Ta c bng tnh gi tin sau:
Tn my
Cp (kV)
(Schneider)
F200
10
F400
35

S
lng
11
2

n gi
17000
26000

T gi
USD/VND
1/19000
1/19000

Thnh tin
( 106 VND)
3553
988
4541

Tng chi ph u t cho my ct phng n ny l:

VMC = 4541000000 (VND)

3.3.2.6. Tng chi ph cho ton b phng n 1
Vn u t cho vic mua thit b:
V = VB + VD + VMC= 2270.6 106 + 81.6 106 + 4541.106 = 6893.2 106 VND
Tng tn tht in nng cho phng n 2 l
A = AB + AD = 781710.18 + 21595.33 = 803305.51 (kWh)
Tng chi ph cho phng n 1 l
Z = (kvh + ktc).V + A.c
Z = (0.1+0.2) 6893.20 106 + 803305.511000 = 2,871,265,510 VND
3.3.3. Phng n 3: dng trm phn phi trung tm v s hnh tia
3.3.3.1. Tnh chi ph u t my bin p.
phng n ny, trm phn phi trung tm (TPPTT) l trm phn phi
khng c my bin p trung gian phn phi in nng v trm bin p
phn xng, nn cc my bin p phn xng c nhim v bin i in p
35kV thnh in p 0.4kV cp cho cc phn xng. S lng my bin p
phn phi v v tr t khng c g thay i nh mc 3.2.3.
Nh vy ta c cc loi my bin p vi thng s sau
Tn
TBA

Sm
Uc/Uh
(kVA)

P0

Pn

I0% Un% S n
Thnh
(kW) (kW)
my Gi(*) Tin(*)

27

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

B1
1000
B2
1250
B3
1000
B4
1000
B5
560
B6
1000
Tng gi tin

35/0.4
35/0.4
35/0.4
35/0.4
35/0.4
35/0.4

1.68
1.81
1.68
1.68
1.06
1.68

10
13.9
10
10
5.47
10

1.3
1.2
1.3
1.3
1.5
1.3

6.0
6.5
6.0
6.0
5.0
6.0

2
2
2
2
2
2

141.6
179.1
141.6
141.6
83.5
141.6

(*): triu VND

Tng vn u t mua my bin p l

VB = 1658.106 VND
3.3.3.2. Xc nh tn tht trn cc my bin p
Tng t nh trn ta p dng cng thc
S max
1

S mB
A = NB. P0.T + N B . Pn

Xt vi trm bin p B1

1
2

1936.61 2
) 3977.04 = 104012.21 (kWh)
1000

A = 2 1.68 8760 + 10.(

Tnh ton tng t cho cc trm bin p khc ta thu c bng s liu
Tn
S my
TBA
B1
2
B2
2
B3
2
B4
2
B5
2
B6
2
Tng tn tht

Smax
(kVA)
1936.61
2034.53
1519.65
1793.52
1015.47
1621.97

SmB
(kVA)
1000
1250
1000
1000
560
1000

P0

Pn

(kW)
1.68
1.81
1.68
1.68
1.06
1.68

(kW)
10
13.9
10
10
5.47
10

(kWh)

104012.21

104935.11
75355.21
93398.60
54337.62
81747.32
409773.9

Tng tn tht in nng trong cc Trm Bin p A = 409773.9 kWh

3.3.3.3. Xc nh vn u t dn cp
Xt ng dy i t TPPTT n B1:
28

283.2
358.2
283.2
283.2
167.0
283.2
1658.0

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Do khng c trm bin p trung tm cc ng cp truyn ti in nng

c cp in p l 35kV cp in cho cc trm bin p phn xng. y l h
tiu th loi I nn ta chn cp ng l kp:
Ittpx =

1936.61
= 15.97 (A)
2 3.35

Vi cp ng v Tmax = 3300h tra bng ta c Jkt = 3.1 A/mm2

Fkt =

15.97
= 5.15 (mm2)
3.1

Chn cp t ngm XPLE li ng bc thp c tit din 25 mm2 vi thng

s r0 = 0.727 /km
Tnh ton tng t vi cc ng dy t TBATG n cc trm bin p
phn phi ta c bng sau.
Stt (kVA) Fkt

ng Dy
TPPTT -B1
TPPTT -B2
TPPTT -B3
TPPTT -B4
TPPTT -B5
TPPTT -B6
Tng chi ph

1936.61
2034.53
1519.65
1793.52
1015.47
1621.97

F
(mm ) (mm2)
5.15
3x25
5.41
3x25
4.04
3x25
4.77
3x25
2.70
3x25
4.32
3x25
2

S
dy
2
2
2
2
2
2

L
n Gi
(m) (103VND/m)
60
197
30
197
15
197
60
197
120
197
90
197

Tng s tin u t mua dy cp l Vd = 147750.103 VND

3.3.3.4. Xc nh tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy

Tng t nh khi tnh ton phng n 1 p dng cng thc
S 2 tt
3
P= 2 .R.10 (kV)
U dm

Ta xt vi trng hp ng dy t TBATGB1 c
1
1
( )
n
2
S2
1936.612
P= 2 tt .R.10 3 =
0.022 103 = 0.067 (kW)
U dm
352

R= .r0 .l = 0.727 103 60 = 0.022

Tnh ton tng t ta thu c bng sau

29

Tin
(103VND)
23640
11820
5910
23640
47280
35460
147750

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

ng Dy

F
(mm2)
TPPTT-B1
3x25
TPPTT -B2
3x25
TPPTT -B3
3x25
TPPTT -B4
3x25
TPPTT -B5
3x25
TPPTT -B6
3x25
Tng tn tht cng sut:

S
dy
2
2
2
2
2
2

L
(m)
60
30
15
60
120
90

r0
( /km)
0.727
0.727
0.727
0.727
0.727
0.727

R
( )
0.022
0.011
0.005
0.022
0.044
0.033

Stt

(kVA)
1936.61
2034.53
1519.65
1793.52
1015.47
1621.97

(kW)
0.067
0.037
0.009
0.058
0.037
0.071
0.279

Tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy l 0.279 kW

Tn tht in nng trn ng dy l
A = P. = 0.279 3977.04 = 1109.59 (kWh)

3.3.3.5. Tnh ton vn u t my ct cao p

Mng cao p trong phng n 3 c 6 trm bin p c ni n trm phn
phi trung tm, v vy cn dng 12 my ct in cp 35kV
Ngoi ra cn dng 1 my ct 35kV phn on ca h thng thanh gp ca
TPPTT
Nh vy tng s my ct cn c l 13 my ct in cp 35kV
Tn my
Cp (kV) S
n gi T gi
Thnh tin
(Schneider)
lng
USD/VND ( 106 VND)
F400
35
13
26000
1/19000
6422
3.3.3.6. Tng vn u t cho phng n 3
Vn u t cho vic mua thit b:
V = VB + VD + VMC=1658.0 106 + 147.75 106 + 6422 106 = 8227.75 106 VND
Tng tn tht in nng cho phng n 3 l
A = AB + AD = 409773.9 + 1109.59 = 410883.49 (kWh)
Tng chi ph cho phng n 1 l
Z = (kvh + ktc).V + A.c
Z = (0.1+0.2) 8227.75 106 + 410883.49 1000 = 2,879,208,490 VND
3.3.4. Phng n 4: dng trm phn phi trung tm v s kt hp
3.3.4.1. Vn u t v tn tht my bin p

30

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Phng n trm phn phi trung tm s lin thng hon ton ging
vi phng n 3 v tnh ton vn v tn tht cc trm bin p phn xng.
V vy nn chi ph cho vic mua my bin p v tn tht trn cc my ca
phng n ny l
Chi ph mua cc my bin p
Tn tht trn cc my bin p

1658.0
409773.9

3.3.4.2. Tnh ton vn u t mua dy cp

Tnh ton la chn dy dn tng t nh phng n trn, tuy nhin:
ng dy t TPPTT-B3 phi chu c ph ti my bin p B3 v
ph ti my bin p B5 nn:
Stt= S mB3 +
S mB5 = 1519.65 + 1015.47 = 2535.12 (kVA)
ng dy t TPPTT-B4 phi chu c ph ti my bin p B4 v
ph ti my bin p B6 nn:
Stt= S mB4 +
S mB6 = 1793.52 + 1621.97 = 3415.49 (kVA)

Cch tnh ton vn v tn tht dy cp ca phng n ny tng t nh cch

tnh ton ca phng n 2
T ta c bng sau
ng Dy

Stt

TPPTT-B1
TPPTT-B2
TPPTT-B3
B3-B5

(kVA)
1936.61
2034.53
2535.12
1015.47

TPPTT-B4
3415.49
B4-B6
1621.97
Tng gi tin:

Fkt
(mm2)
5.15
5.41
6.75
4.77

F
(mm2)
3x25
3x25
3x25
3x25

S
dy
2
2
2
2

9.09
4.32

3x25
3x25

2
2

L
n Gi
(m) (103VND/m)
60
197
30
197
15
197
10
197
5
60
197
60
197

Tng s tin u t mua dy cp l Vd = 129660.103 VND

3.3.4.3. Tnh ton tn tht trn dy cp

Tng t nh phn trn p dng cng thc

31

Thnh tin
(103VND)
23640
11820
5910
41370
23460
23460
129660

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

P=

S 2 tt
.R.10 3 (kV)
2
U dm

Ta thu c bng sau

ng Dy

F
S
2
(mm ) dy
TPPTT-B1
3x25
2
TPPTT-B2
3x25
2
TPPTT-B3
3x25
2
B3-B5
3x25
2
TPPTT-B4
3x25
2
B4-B6
3x25
2
Tng tn tht cng sut:

L
(m)
60
30
15
105
60
60

r0
( /km)
0.727
0.727
0.727
0.727
0.727
0.727

R
( )
0.022
0.011
0.005
0.038
0.022
0.022

Stt

(kW)

(kVA)
1936.61
2034.53
2535.12
1015.47
3415.49
1621.97

0.067
0.037
0.026
0.032
0.210
0.047
0.419

Tng tn tht cng sut tc dng trn ng dy l 0.419 kW

Tn tht in nng trn ng dy l
A = P. = 0.419 3977.04 = 1666.38 (kWh)

3.3.4.4. Tnh ton vn u t mua my ct

Mng cao p trong phng n 4 c 4 trm bin p c ni trc tip n
trm phn phi trung tm. V khong cch gn nn cc my bin p c ni
lin thng s ch cn 2 my bin p. Vy ta dng 8 my ct in cp 35kV
Ngoi ra cn dng 1 my ct 35kV phn on ca h thng thanh gp ca
TPPTT
Nh vy tng s my ct cn c l 9 my ct in cp 35kV
Tn my
Cp (kV)
(Schneider)
F400
35

S
lng
9

n gi
26000

T gi
USD/VND
1/19000

Thnh tin
( 106 VND)
4446

Tng chi ph u t cho my ct phng n ny l:

VMC = 4446000000 (VND)

3.3.4.5. Tng vn u t cho phng n 4
Vn u t cho vic mua thit b:
V = VB + VD + VMC=1658.0 106 + 129.66 106 + 4446 106 = 6233.66 106 VND
Tng tn tht in nng cho phng n 4 l
A = AB + AD = 409773.9 + 1666.38 = 411440.28 (kWh)
Tng chi ph cho phng n 1 l
32

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Z = (kvh + ktc).V + A.c

Z = (0.1+0.2) 6233.66 106 + 411440.28 1000 = 2,281,538,280 VND
3.4. La chn phng n s
Tng hp li chi ph cho 4 phng n trn ta thy:
Tng Chi Ph Cho Phng n 1 l
Tng Chi Ph Cho Phng n 2 l
Tng Chi Ph Cho Phng n 3 l
Tng Chi Ph Cho Phng n 4 l

3,259,052,680 VND
2,871,265,510 VND
2,879,208,490 VND
2,281,538,280 VND

Nh vy ta s chn thit k theo phng n 4 t ch tiu kinh t - k

thut tt nht. Do thit k mng in cao p nh my ta la chn
phng n trm trung tm l trm phn phi s lin thng.
3.5. Thit k chi tit cho s c chn
3.5.1. ng dy i t ngun n trm bin p trung tm
ng dy i t ngun n TBATG di 12km ta s dng ng dy trn
khng, dy nhm li thp, l kp. Tra bng vi Tmax = 3300 h Jkt = 1,1
(A/mm2). Vy:
S

7929.00

ttnm
Ittnm = 2 3U = 2 3.35 = 65.40 (A)
dm

I ttnm

65.40

Fkt = J = 1.1 = 59.45 (mm2)

kt
Chn dy nhm li thp tit din 70 mm2, AC 70 c Icp = 265
Vi dy AC-70, khong cch trung bnh hnh hc l 3m, tra bng thng s ta
c
Tr khng ca ng dy: r0=
0.46 (/km)
R = r0 l2 = 0.46 12 = 5.52 ()
Cm khng ca ng dy: x0=
0.365 (/km)
X = 0.365 12 = 4.38 ()
Kim tra theo iu kin s c: gi s khi t mt dy, dy cn li s
chuyn ti ton b cng sut
Isc = 2Itt = 2 65.40 = 130.80 ( A ) < Icp

Tn tht in p trn dy dn l:
U =

PR + QX 5022.73 5.52 + 6135.25 4.38

=
= 1559.94(V )
U dm
2 35
33

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

U U cp = 5%U dm = 1750(V )

Nh vy dy cp chn l ph hp.
3.5.2. S trm phn phi trung tm
Nh my thuc h tiu th in loi I, la chn s mt h thng thanh
gp c phn on cho trm phn phi trung tm. Ti mi tuyn dy vo, ra
khi thanh gp v lin lc gia hai phn on thanh gp u dng my ct
hp b. bo v chng st truyn t ng dy vo trm t chng st
trn mi phn on thanh gp. t trn mi phn on thanh gp mt my
bin p o lng. Ta la chn cc phn t tng ng nh sau:
3.5.2.1. My ct in
iu kin chn v kim tra my ct:
-in p nh mc: UmMC UmL
-dng in nh mc (A) ImMC Icb
Trong Icb l dng in cng bc
-dng in ct nh mc (kA): Icm IN
-cng sut ct nh mc (MVA): Scm SN
-dng in n nh ng: (kA): Iodd ixk
-dng in n nh nhit (kA): Inhm I

t qd
tnhdm

Khi mt ng dy cung cp b s c, ton b ph tnh ton ca nh my

truyn ti qua ng dy cn li v my ct tng
Dng cng bc chy qua my ct l:
I cb =

Stt
7929.00
=
= 130.79( A)
3U dm
3 35

La chn my ct SF6 8DA10 do Siemens ch to c cc thng s sau:

-in p nh mc: 36kV
-dng in nh mc ca thanh ci l: 2500 (A)
-dng in nh mc cc nhnh: 2500(A)
-dng ngn mch: 110 (kA)
Loi t
8DA10

Cch in Im, A ca thanh ci

SF6
2500

IN, kA max
110

IN, kA 1-3s
40

3.5.2.2. Thanh gp
Thanh gp cn c gi l thanh ci hoc thanh dn c dng trong cc
t phn phi, t ng lc h p, cc t my ct, cc trm phn phi. i vi
cc trm phn phi ngi ta thng dng thanh gp mm.
Cc iu kin chn thanh gp:

34

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

-chn theo dng pht nng cho php (hoc theo mt dng kinh t) v
kim tra theo iu kin n nh ng v n nh nhit dng ngn mch.
K1K2Icp Icb
Trong :
+K1 ph thuc vo vic t thanh gp
K1=1 khi thanh gp t ng
K1=0.95 khi thanh gp c t nm ngang
+K2 l h s hiu chnh theo nhit mi trng.
-kh nng n nh ng
cp tt
cp: l ng sut cho php
tt: l ng sut tnh ton di tc dng ca lc in ng dng ngn
mch.
La chn thanh gp do Siemens ch to c cc thng s:
-kch thc 30x4 (mm)
-in tr sut: r0=0.167 (m/m)
-in khng: x0=0.189 (m/m)
-dng in cho php: Icp=475 (A)
3.5.2.3. My bin p o lng BU
My bin p o lng hay cn gi l my bin in p (BU; TU) c chc
nng bin i ngun in s cp bt k xung 100 hoc 100/ 3 (V) cp
ngun cho mch o lng, bo v tn hiu iu khin.
My bin p o lng c ch to vi in p t 3kV tr ln loi kh
hoc loi c du. My bin in p kho thng c t trong nh cn my
bin in p c th t mi ch. C hai loi c ch to mt pha hoc ba
pha. Trong c my BU 3 pha 5 tr (
) (sao 0 sao 0 tam gic h)
ngoi chc nng thng thng, cun tam gic h cn c nhim v bo chm
t 1 pha.
La chn BU theo cc iu kin sau:
-in p nh mc: UmBA UmL
-s u dy
-cp chnh xc
-cng sut nh mc
La chn my bin in p 4MR66 (c hai thanh gp) do Siemens
ch to, cc thng s:
-in p nh mc: 36kV
-in p chu ng tn s cng nghip 1: 70kV
-in p chu ng xung 1,2/50s: 170kV
-U1m: 35kV
35

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

-U2m: 100/110/120 (V)

-ti nh mc: 800(VA)
3.5.2.4. My bin dng
My bin dng dng bin i dng s cp c tr s bt k xung 5A,
nhm cp ngun dng cho cc mch o lng, bo v tn hiu iu khin.
thng my bin dng c ch to vi nm cp chnh xc l: 0.2; 0.5; 1; 3;
10. K hiu my bin dng l BI
iu kin chn my bin dng
-in p nh mc: UmBI UmL
-dng in nh mc ImBI Icb
-cp chnh xc ca BI phi ph hp vi cp chnh xc ca cc dng c
ni vi BI pha th cp.
La chn my bin dng 4MA76
-in p nh mc: 36kV
-in p chu ng tn s cng nghip 1: 70kV
-in p chu ng xung 1,2/50s: 170kV
-I1m: 20-2000(A)
-I2m: 1;5 A
-Idn: 80 (kA)
-Idd: 120 (kA)
3.5.2.5.Chng st van
Nhim v ca chng st van l chng st nh t ngoi vo ng dy
trn khng truyn vo trm bin p v trm phn phi. chng st van c
lm t in tr phi tuyn vi in p nh mc ca li in. in tr ca
chng st van c tr s ln v cng khng cho dng i qua khi c in p st
in tr gim xung ti 0, chng st van tho dng st xung t. cc
trm phn phi trung p thng ch to t hp b my bin p o lng v
chng st van.
Chng st van c th t mt trong hai v tr sau y:
+trc dao cch ly: dng st khng i qua dao cch ly. Nhng phng n
ny gp kh khn trong qu trnh vn hnh sa cha, khi mun thay th
chng st van cn phi ct my ct t trm trung tm.
+ sau dao cch ly: tin cho vic kim tra nhng dng st li i qua dao
cch ly do c th lm hng dao cch ly.
iu kin la chn chng st van:
UmCSV UmL
La chn chng st van 3EE1 ca Siemens c in p lm vic ln nht
42kV
36

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

3.5.2.6. Cu ch
Cu chi lam nhim vu ct t mch in khi c dng in ln hn tr s
dng cho php i qua. Chc nng ca cu ch l bo v ngn mch v qu
ti.
La chn cc cu ch:
Trm bin p B1
Khi c s c, mt my bin p b ct, my cn li lm vic qu ti 30%.
Khi dng qua cu ch:
I ddCC Ilv max =

kqt SdmB
3U dmLD

1.3 1000
= 21.44( A)
3 35

La chn cu ch do hng SIEMENS:

Loi cu ch
3GD1 605-5B

Um kV
36

Im, A
25

I ctN, kA
31.5

IctNmin, A
120

Cu ch cho cc trm bin p cn li chn tng t.

Trm bin p
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6

Loi cu ch
3GD1 605-5B
3GD1 606-5D
3GD1 605-5B
3GD1 605-5B
3GD1 603-5B
3GD1 605-5B

Um kV
36
36
36
36
36
36

Im, (A)
25
32
25
25
16
25

I ctN, (kA) IctNmin, (A)

31.5
120
31.5
230
31.5
120
31.5
120
31.5
62
31.5
120

3.5.2.7. Cu dao
Cu dao la thit bi cch ly phn mang in vi phn khng mang in
to khong cch an ton nhn thy, phc v cng tc sa cha, kim tra v
bo dng.
Trong li in cao p, dao cch ly t khi t ring r thng kt hp vi
cu ch v my ct in. dao cch ly ng ct khng ti ca my bin p nu
my bin p khng qu ln. Trong mng cao p dao cch ly dng bo v
my bin p o lng.
La chn dao cch ly:
UmCC UmL
ImCC Icb
Icm I
La chn dao cch ly ca hng do Lin X (c) ch to loi 3DC in p
nh mc l 630-2500A, dng ngn mch ln nht l 50-80kA. (Chn dao
cch ly chung cho tt c cc phn xng).

37

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

3.5.2.8. Chn aptomat h p my bin p

Pha h p t aptomat tng v cc aptomat nhnh. Trm hai my bin p
t thm aptomat lin lc gia hai phn on.
Trm 1 my bin p t mt t aptomat tng v 1 tu aptomat nhnh.
Trm 2 my bin p t 5 t: 2 t aptomat tng, 1 t aptomat phn on v 2
t aptomat nhnh.
C th chn cc aptomat nh sau:
Dng ln nht qua aptomat tng my 1800kVA
S dmB
1.3 1000
=
= 1876.39( A)
3U dm
3 0.4
Chn aptomat ca hng Merlin Gerlin ch to c cc thng s
I max =

Loi aptomat
M20

Um V
690

Im, Ai
2000

I ctN, kA
55

Cc trm bin p cn li chn tng t

Trm bin p
B1
B2
B3
B4
B5
B6

Imax
3377.5
3377.5
1876.39
2345.48
2345.48
1876.39

Loi aptomat
M20
M25
M20
M20
M12
M20

Um V
690
690
690
690
690
690

Im, Ai
2000
2500
2000
2000
1200
2000

I ctN, kA
55
55
55
55
40
55

3.5.2.9. La chn thanh dn h p

trm bin p phn xng cn lp t cc thanh dn. Thanh dn nhn
in t my bin p v cung cp cho cc ph ti.
Thanh dn c chn la t iu kin sau:
Khi mt my bin p b s c ph ti c cung cp in t my bin p
cn li nu ti trm t hai my bin p. Trong iu kin nh vy cho php
my bin p cn li qu ti 1.3
Trm bin p phn xng 1 t hai my bin p cng sut 1000kVA mi
my
I lv max =

1000 1.3
= 1876.388( A)
3 0.4

Cc trm bin p khc tnh ton tng t:

Trm bin p
B1

Cng sut
(kVA)
1000

38

Dng in
Ilvmax (A)
1876.388

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

B2
B3
B4
B5
B6

1250
1000
1000
560
1000

2345.485
1876.388
1876.388
1050.777
1876.388

My bin p phn xng c kh m nhn nhim v cp in cho 3 phn

xng c kh, l ga v trm. c th ti c dng in 1050.777 A, ta
chn thanh dn kch thc 60x6(mm) ghp ba thanh li vi nhau.
3.5.3. Tnh ton ngn mch trong li trung p.
a) Mc ch:
Ta cn tnh ton ngn mch thanh ci trm PPTT kim tra my ct,
thanh gp v kim tra cc im ngn mch pha cao p trm BAPX kim
tra cp v t cao p cc trm.
Trong tnh ton ngn mch li trung p ta c cc gi thit sau lm n
gin qu trnh tnh ton ngn mch.
ngn mch l xa ngun do in p khng b suy gim.
gom cc ngun thnh ngun ng tr v in khng ng tr.
b) Tnh ton ngn mch ti cc im
in khng h thng xc nh theo cng thc
X HT =

U tb2
Sn

Trong :
SN l dung lng ngn mch v pha h p ca trm bin p khu vc.
y SN = 350 MVA
U tb = 1.05U m = 1.05 35 = 36.75 (kV)
Vy:

X HT

U tb2 36.752
=
=
= 3.86()
Sn
350

Tuyn dy dn truyn in nng t trm trung gian v n trm phn

phi trung tm c xc nh nh sau:

39

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

in nng c dn v trm bin p trung tm qua dy dn 2AC-70, c

cc thng s:
+chiu di ng dy 12 km
+r0=0.46 (/km)
+x0=0.365 (/km)
1
1
x0l = 0.365 12 = 2.19()
2
2
1
1
R d = r0l = 0.46 12 = 2.76()
2
2

Ta c: X d =

Z d = 2.192 + 2.762 = 3.52()

S thay th:

Quy i:
Chn Scb=350 (MVA)
Ucb=36.75 (kV)
Quy i cc thng s v h tng i c bn
+h thng:
xH = X H

Scb
350
= 3.86
= 1.00
2
U cb
36.752

+ng dy:
Scb
350
= 2.76
= 0.72
2
U cb
36.752
S
350
xd = X d cb2 = 2.19
= 0.57
U cb
36.752
rd = Rd

a. Dng in ngn mch ba pha ti im N1:

I 3 NN1*cb =
3
I NN
= I NN1 *cb
1

1
= 0.579
1.727

rd2 + ( xH + xd )2
Scb
350
= 0.579
= 3.18(kA)
3U cb
3 36.75

Dng xung kch c xc nh theo cng thc:

ixk = 2 I NN1 kxk = 2 3.18 1.8 = 8.095(kA)

b. Dng in ngn mch ti im N2

S thay th

40

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Xt tuyn cp t trm phn phi trung tm v n trm bin p ca phn

xng s 1. Tuyn cp 2XLPE(3x25) di 60 m c cc thng s:
+r0=0.727 (/km)
+x0=0.24 (/km)
in khng ca cp:
1
1
r0l = 0.727 60 103 = 0.022()
2
2
1
1
= x0l = 0.24 60 103 = 0.007()
2
2

Rcap =
X cap

Quy i v h tng i c bn:

Scb
350
= 0.022
= 5.701103
2
2
U cb
36.75
S
350
xcap1 = X cap cb2 = 0.007
= 1.81 103
U cb
36.752
1
1
I 3 NN 2 *cb =
=
= 0.58
2
2
1.731
(rd + rcap1 ) + ( xH + xd + xcap1 )
rcap1 = Rcap

3
I NN
= I NN2 *cb
2

Scb
350
= 0.58
= 3.189(kA)
3U cb
3 36.75

Dng xung kch

ixkN2 = 2 I NN 2 kxk = 2 3.189 1.8 = 8.118(kA)

Cc im ngn mch trn thanh ci cc trm bin p cn li tnh ton

tng t:
im tnh ngn mch
Thanh ci B1
Thanh ci B2
Thanh ci B3
Thanh ci B4
Thanh ci B5
Thanh ci B6

IN, kA
3.189
3.180
3.182
3.170
3.189
3.189

Ixk, kA
8.118
8.094
8.099
8.070
8.118
8.118

c. Dng in ngn mch pha h p bin p phn xng (im N3)

Trm bin p B1
in tr bin p quy i v cao p:
2
1 PNU dm
1 10 352 3
RB1 =
=
10 = 6.125()
2
2 S dm
2 10002

41

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

in khng bin p quy i v cao p:

X B1 =

2
1 U N % U dm
1 5 352
=
= 36.75()
2 100 S dmB 2 100 1

in tr bin p trong h tng i c bn:

rB1 = RB

Scb
350
= 5.51
= 1.59
2
U cb
36.752

in khng bin p trong h tng i c bn

xB1 = X B
I 3 NN3 *cb =

Scb
350
= 36.75
= 9.52
2
U cb
36.752
1

(rd + rcap1 + rB1 ) 2 + ( xH + xd + xcap1 + xB1 )2

3
I NN
= I NN3 *cb
3

= 0.084

Scb
350
= 0.084
= 0.409(kA)
3U cb
3 *36.75

Dng ngn mch quy v pha h p bin p:

I NN3i =

0.462 35
= 35.798( kA)
0.4

Dng xung kch

ixkN3 = 2 I NN3 kxk = 2 0.462 1.8 = 1.041( kA)

Cc im ngn mch tng ng cn li tnh ton tng t

im tnh ngn mch
H p B1
H p B2
H p B3
H p B4
H p B5
H p B6

IN, kA (35 kV)

0.409
0.451
0.409
0.409
0.369
0.409

IN, kA (0.4 kV)

35.798
39.493
35.805
35.798
32.324
35.788

I xkN3 (KA)
1.041
1.149
1.042
1.041
0.940
1.041

4.3. Kim tra li cc thit b

Kim tra li my ct v thanh ci.
My ct 8DA10 c dng ct IN = 40kA, thanh ci trm PPTT c dng
n nh ng I = 63kA ln hn rt nhiu so vi dng in ngn mch
3.18kA v dng xung kch ngn mch 8.095kA ti im ngn mch trn
thanh ci ca trm PPTT. V vy my ct 8DC11 v thanh ci chn l t
yu cu.
Kim tra li cp.
Ch cn kim tra li tuyn cp c dng ngn mch ln nht:
iu kin n nh nhit dng ngn mch
42

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

F = 25mm 2 > 6 3.18 0,5 = 13.49(mm2 )

Vy chn cp c tit din l 25mm2 cho cc tuyn l hon ton hp l.

Ngoi ra, kh nng chu dng ngn mch ca dao cch ly v t u vo
ca cc TBAPX cng ln hn nhiu so vi tr s dng ngn mch tnh
c, nn cc thit b chn phn trn l tha mn, ta khng cn phi
chn li.
4.4. S mng cao p nh my

43

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Chng 4:Thit k h thng cung cp in cho phn xng sa cha c

kh
4.1. t vn .
Mng in h p ca phn xng ly in t pha h ca cc trm bin
p phn xng. Do , cp in p ca mng l 0,4kV v ngun in ca
mng chnh l cc trm bin p phn xng. Ta a in t ngun vo trong
cc t phn phi, t ng lc ri a n tng my mc trong phn xng.
Thc cht ca vic thit k mng in h p ca nh my l la chn cc t
phn phi, t ng lc, cc thit b ng ct, b tr cc t ng lc v i dy
trong phn xng. Vic la chn v b tr cc thit b i hi phi hp l c
v mt k thut v thm m trong phn xng.
4.2. S nguyn l cp in trong phn xng sa cha c kh.
cp in cho xng ta d nh t mt t phn phi nhn in t
trm bin p phn xng v cp in cho 5 t ng lc, mi t ng lc ny
cp in cho mt nhm ph ti ( phn chng 2).
Do phn xng sa cha c kh nhn in t trm bin p B5 nm cch
phn xng 15m, nn cp in cho ton b phn xng ta s cp in cho
t phn phi nm trong xng.
t ti t phn phi ca trm bin p mt aptomat u ngun, t y
dn in v xng bng ng cp ngm di 15m
T phn phi ca xng t 01 aptomat tng v 6 aptomat nhnh cp
in cho 5 t ng lc v 1 t chiu sng.
T ng lc c cp in bng ng cp hnh tia, u vo t dao
cch ly- cu ch cc nhnh ra t cu ch.
Mi ng c my cng c c iu khin bng 1 khi ng t gn sn
trn thn my trong khi ng t c role bo v qu ti. Cc cu ch trong t
ng lc ch yu bo v ngn mch, ng thi lm d phng cho bo v qu
ti ca khi ng t.
Ph ti ca phn xng c kh c thng k trong bng sau:
44

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Ph ti tnh ton ca nhm I

STT Tn Ph Ti
1
Ba Hi Rn M-412
2
Ba Hi Rn M-415A
3
L Rn
4
L Rn
5
L in H-15
6
Dm Treo C Palng in
7
My Bin p

SL(10)
2
2
1
1
1
1
2

Nhm II
STT Tn Ph Ti
1
Qut Ly Tm
2
My p Ma St
3
L Rn
4
My Mi Sc
5
Qut Thng Gi
6
Qut L
7
Thit B Cao Tn
8
Thit B o Bi

SL(10)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Nhm III
STT Tn Ph Ti
1
L in H-30
2
L in Rn
3
L in C-20
4
L in B-20
5
B Du
6
Thit B Ti Bnh Rng
7
B Du Tng Nhit

SL(10)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Nhm IV
STT Tn Ph Ti
1
L in III-30
2
Cn Trc Cnh C Palng
3
L in Ha Cng
4
My Mi Sc

SL(10)
1
1
1
1
45

cos

0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
cos

0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6

cos

0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6

cos

0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6

Pdm(kW)
10
28
4,5
6
15
4.8
2.2

Idm(A)
24.06
67.36
10.83
14.43
36.08
11.55
5.29

Pdm(kW)
7
10
4,5
3,2
2,5
2,8
80
23

Idm(A)
16.84
24.06
10.83
7.70
6.01
6.74
192.45
55.33

Pdm(kW)
30
36
20
20
4
18
3

Idm(A)
72.17
86.60
48.11
48.11
9.62
43.30
7.22

Pdm(kW)
30
1,3
90
0,25

Idm(A)
72.17
3.13
216.51
0.60

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

5
6
7

My o Cng u Cn 1
My Bo G C-4
1
My Cu ai
1

Nhm V
STT Tn Ph Ti
1
My Nn Kh
2
My Khoan
3
My Bo G CP6-5
4
My Cu Trn
5
Qut Gi Trung Gian
6
Qut Gia S 9,5
7
Qut S 14

SL(10)
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0.6
0.6
0.6

0,6
6,5
4,5

1.44
15.64
10.83

cos

Pdm(kW)
45
4,2
10
7
9
12
18

Idm(A)
108.25
10.10
24.06
16.84
21.65
28.87
43.30

0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6
0.6

dm
( Idm c xc nh t cng thc I dm = 3U cos )
dm
Sau khi tnh ton ta c bng kt qu tnh ton cho cc nhm ph ti I, II, III,
IV v V nh sau:

Nhm
I
II
III
IV
V
Phu tai toan phn xng

Pm
110,7
133
131
132,5
105,2

Ptt
43,84
80
56.4
90
49,08

Qtt
58,31
106,4
75,01
119,70
65,28

Stt
73,07
133,33
94
150
81,80
437.55

4.2.1. Chn aptomat tng cho c nhm phn xng

iu kin chn aptomat:
UmAUmL
I dmA Ilv max =

Stt
1015.47
=
= 1465.71( A)
3U dmL
3 0.4

Chn aptomat CM1600H do Merlin Gerlin ch to c in p nh mc

690V, dng in nh mc 1600A, dng ngn mch IN=50 (kA)
4.2.1. Chn aptomat tng cho c phn xng sa cha c kh.
iu kin chn aptomat:
UmAUmL
46

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

I dmA Ilv max =

SttPX
437.55
=
= 631.55( A)
3U dmL
3 0.4

Chn aptomat C801N do Merlin Gerlin ch to c in p nh mc

690V, dng in nh mc 800A, dng ngn mch IN=25 (kA)
4.2.2. Chn aptomat nhnh cp in ti cc t ng lc
Vi cc iu kin tng t nh trn ta tin hnh chn cc aptomat nhnh.
Cc aptomat nay c chn cng mt loi thun li cho qu trnh lp t
va t hang thit b. Ta chon aptomat NS250N cua hang Merlin Gerlin c
dng nh mc Idm = 250A
Nhm Sm (kVA)
1
73,07
2
133,33
3
94
4
150
5
81,80

Ilvmax(A)
105.47
192.45
135.68
216.51
118.07

Loi aptomat
Ns250N
Ns250N
Ns250N
Ns250N
Ns250N

Thng s k thut ca aptomat chn

Loi Aptomat

Um (V)

Im (A)

IN (KA)

Ns250N
C801N

690

250

690

800

25

4.2.3. Cp t trm bin p phn xng v t phn phi ca xng.

Dy dn v trm h p c chn theo iu kin theo iu kin pht
nng
K1.K2.Icp Itt
Trong :
K1-h s k n mi trng t cp: trong nh, ngoi tri, di t.
K2-h s hiu chnh theo s lng cp t trong cng rnh.
I tt =

S PXSCCk 437.55
=
= 631.55( A)
3U dm
3 0.4

T trm bin p phn xng v n t phn phi s dng cp ngm dt

ring trong rnh c h s hiu chnh:
Khc=K1K2=1
Vy ta chn 4 cp ng 1 li tit din 500mm2 cch in PVC do hng
Lens ch to c Icp= 750 A
47

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Kim tra cc iu kin kt hp bo v aptomat

I cpL1

I kdnh 1.25 I dmA 1.25 800

=
=
= 666.67( A)
1.5
1.5
1.5

Nh vy dy cp chn tha mn yu cu.

4.2.4. Chn cp t t phn phi xung t ng lc
Cc nhm ng lc trn u c bo v bng aptomat nhnh c dng
nh mc l 250A.
Cp c chn theo iu kin bo v aptomat, nn ta c:
I cpCAP

I kdnh 1.25 I dmA 1.25 250

=
=
= 208.33( A)
1.5
1.5
1.5

Cc tuyn c chn u l cp ng h p 4 loi cch in PVC do

hng CADIVI ch to, k hiu CVV
Tuyn cp

IcpCap (A)

TPP-L1
TPP-L2
TPP-L3
TPP-L4
TPP-L5

208.33
208.33
208.33
208.33
208.33

Cp
F(mm2)
120.0
120.0
120.0
120.0
120.0

Icp (A)
228
228
228
228
228

4.2.5. Chn thanh ci cho t phn phi.

Thanh ci trong t phn phi s chn lm bng ng v c chn theo
iu kin pht nng lu di cho php.
k1k2Icp Itt

Trong
k1 - h s ng vi chiu t thanh dn, v ta phi chn thanh dn t
nm ngang nn k1 = 0,95
k2 - h s hiu chnh theo mi trng k2 = 0,9
I CP =

I tt
631.55
=
= 738.65( A)
k1k2 0,95.0,9

Vy ta chn thanh ci bng ng c F = 250mm 2, c ICP = 860A, kch

thc 50 5.
Sut in tr thanh dn r0=0.080(m/m)
in khng: x0=0.2 (m/m) (ng vi khong cch trung bnh hnh hc
300mm)
4.2.6. Chn t phn phi:

48

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

cp in cho xng ta dng mt t phn phi nhn in t trm bin

p B6 - 35/0.4kV. T t phn phi ta cp in n cho tng t ng lc
t a in trc tip n cc nhm ph ti.
Trong t phn phi c t cc aptomat tng v aptomat nhnh. Ngoi
cc thit b ng lc th trong t phn phi thng t thm cc thit b o
lng nh ampemt, vnmt, cng t mt, bin dng.
Ta chn loi t h p do hng SAREL ca Php sn xut. Trn khung t
lm sn cc l g c th g lp cc gi ty theo thit b chn lp
t. Ta chn loi c thng s nh sau:
Kch thc khung t (mm)
Cao
1800

Rng
800

Su
600

S cnh ca t Cnh t phng

1

61274

Cnh t phng
khung phng

Cnh t
trng men

67576

61576

4.2.7. La chn cc t ng lc
Cc t ng lc chn loi do Siemens ch to c u vo cu dao-cu ch
300A v tm u ra.
Kch thc khung t
Cao
Rng
Su
1800
800
600

S cnh ca t

Cnh t trng men

61576

S t phn phi v t ng lc xng c kh

4.2.8. La chn cu ch bo v ng c
-Cu ch bo v mt ng c:
Idc Itt=ktIm
I dc

I mm kmm I dmD
=

49

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

kt: l h s ti ng c, xt n ch lm vic ngn hn hay di hn

Im l dng in nh mc ca ng c, xc nh theo cng thc
I dmD =

PdmD
3U dm cos

kmm: h s m my ca ng c. n ny ta chn kmm=5

h s xt n ch m my ca ng c
+=2.5 khi ng c m my nh hoc m my khng ti
+=1.6 khi ng c m my nng hoc m my c ti
-Cu ch bo v mt nhm ng c
n 1

I dc

I mmmax + kdt I dmi .kti

Immmax: dng khi ng ca ng c c dng khi ng ln nht trong

nhm
kti: h s ti ca ng c th i. Nu khng bit ly kt=1
-Cu ch tng
I dc

I mmmax + [I ttn hom ksd Idm max ]

Ittnhom: dng ph ti tnh tians ca nhm

ksd: h s s dng

Ngoi ra cn thm iu kin v bo v c chn lc: m bo cho cu

ch tng ch chy khi xy ra ngn mch ti thanh ci ca t ng lc, nu
xy ra ng c hay on dy no th cu ch nhnh chy. Theo quy nh
chn dng in dy chy ca cu ch tng ln hn t nht hai cp so vi
dng in dy chy ca cu ch nhnh.
Chn cu ch cho ng lc 1
-Cu ch tng L1
Cu ch c chn phi tha mn:
Idc Itt nhm= 105.47 (A)
I dc

I mmmax + ( Ittn hom ksd Idm max )

I mm max l dng m my ca ng c c dng m my ln nht trong

nhm my ny, Idm max cng l Idm ca ng c c dng nh mc ln
nht trong nhm. nhm I th Idm max = 67.36 nn
I dc

5 67.36 + (105.47 0.15 67.36)

= 172.87( A)
2.5

Chn cu ch in p thp kiu H-2-100 do Lin X ch to dng in

nh mc ca dy chy l 250A dng in ct gii hn 40kA.
Cu ch tng bo v cc nhnh cn li la chn tng t.
-Cu ch bo v Ba Hi Rn M-415A c Pdm = 28kW
50

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Idc Im= 67.36 (A)

I
5 I dm 5 67.36
I dc mm =
=
= 134.72( A)

2.5
2.5

Chn cu ch in p thp kiu ng loi 3NA3 240 do Siemens ch to c

dng in nh mc ca cu ch l 200A c dng ct gii hn l 120kA.
Tnh ton bo v cu ch cho nhm ph ti v cho tng my cn li
c tnh hon ton tng t nh trn bng tng kt.
4.2.9. La chn dy dn t cc t ng lc n tng ng c
Cc dy dn t trong rnh c h s hiu chnh l: khc=0.95
khcIcp Im= 67.36 (A)
Do bo v bng cu ch do cn kt hp thm iu kin
k1k2 I cp = khc Icp

I dc

Trong chn h s = 3
Kt hp hai iu kin trn p dng cho dy dn t t ng lc 1 ti Ba
Hi Rn M-415A: ta c Icp 70.91(A)
Chn cp ng 4 li cch in PVC, loi na mm t c nh do hng
CADIVI ch to tit din 22.0mm2 c dng in cho php l 82A, k hiu
CVV.
Tnh ton la chn dy dn cn li cho tng my cn li c tnh hon
ton tng t nh trn bng tng kt.
4.2.10. Tng kt la chn cu ch v dy dn cho tng nhm thit b S nguyn l s i dy
Tn nhm v thit b in

S
lng

Cng sut
t
Pd(kW)
3

2
2
1
1
1
1
2

10
28
4,5
6
15
4.8
2.2

Nhm 1
Ba Hi Rn M-412
Ba Hi Rn M-415A
L Rn
L Rn
L in H-15
Dm Treo C Palng in
My Bin p

Idm
(A)

Icp (tt)
(A)

24.06
67.36
10.83
14.43
36.08
11.55
5.29

25.32
70.90
11.40
15.19
37.98
12.15
5.57

51

Cu ch
Dy dn
Idc (tt)
M hiu Icc/Idc
F
Icp
(A)
(3NA3) (A) (mm2) (A)
6
7
8
9
10

48.11
134.72
21.65
28.87
72.17
23.09
10.58

120
236
110
114
124
110
105

50
160
25
35
80
25
16

3.5
22.0
1.0
1.5
6.0
1.0
1.0

27
82
14
17
38
14
14

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Tn nhm v thit b in

S
lng

Nhm 2
Qut Ly Tm
My p Ma St
L Rn
My Mi Sc
Qut Thng Gi
Qut L
Thit B Cao Tn
Thit B o Bi

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

7
10
4,5
3,2
2,5
2,8
80
23

Tn nhm v thit b in

S
lng

Nhm 3
L in H-30
L in Rn
L in C-20
L in B-20
B Du
Thit B Ti Bnh Rng
B Du Tng Nhit

Cng sut
t
Pd(kW)
3

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

Icp (tt)
(A)

Cu ch
Dy dn
Idc (tt)
M hiu Icc/Idc
F
Icp
(A)
(3NA3) (A) (mm2)
(A)
6
7
8
9
10

16.83
17.73 33.68
24.06
25.32 48.11
10.83
11.40 21.65
7.70
8.10 15.40
6.01
6.33 12.03
6.74
7.09 13.47
192.45 202.58 384.90
55.33
58.24 110.66

Cng sut
t
Pd(kW)
3

30
36
20
20
4
18
3

Idm
(A)

Idm
(A)

Icp (tt)
(A)

72.17
86.60
48.11
48.11
9.62
43.30
7.21

75.97
91.16
50.65
50.64
10.13
45.58
7.60

114 35 2.0
120 50 3.5
110 25 1.0
105 16 1.0
105 16 1.0
105 16 1.0
360 400 95.0
232 125 14.0

Cu ch
Dy dn
Idc (tt)
M hiu Icc/Idc
F
Icp
(A)
(3NA3) (A) (mm2)
(A)
6
7
8
9
10

144.34
173.21
96.23
96.23
19.24
86.60
14.43

136
140
130
130
107
130
105

Tn nhm v thit b in

Cng sut
t
Pd(kW)

Idm
(A)

Icp (tt)
(A)

Idc (tt)
(A)

Tn nhm v thit b in

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
S
lng

30
1,3
90
0,25
0,6
6,5
4,5

72.17 75.97
3.13 3.29
216.51 227.90
0.60 0.63
1.44 1.52
15.64 16.46
10.83 11.40

Cng sut
t
Pd(kW)

Idm
(A)

52

160
200
100
100
20
100
16

22.0
30.0
11.0
11.0
1.0
11.0
1.0

82
97
52
52
14
52
14

Cu ch

S
lng

Nhm 4
L in III-30
Cn Trc Cnh C Palng
L in Ha Cng
My Mi Sc
My o Cng u Cn
My Bo G C-4
My Cu ai

20
27
14
14
14
14
198
62

Icp (tt)
(A)

144.34
6.25
433.01
1.20
2.89
31.27
21.65

Idc (tt)
(A)

Dy dn
F
M hiu Icc/Idc
I
(mm2 cp
(3NA3) (A)
(A)
)
7
8
9 10

136
105
365
105
105
117
110

160
16
500
16
16
40
25

22.0 82
1.0 14
120 228
1.0 14
1.0 14
1.5 17
1.0 14

Cu ch
Dy dn
M hiu Icc/Icp
F
Icp
(3NA3) (A) (mm2) (A)

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Nhm 5
My Nn Kh
My Khoan
My Bo G CP6-5
My Cu Trn
Qut Gi Trung Gian
Qut Gia S 9,5
Qut S 14

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

45
4,2
10
7
9
12
18

108.25
10.10
24.06
16.84
21.65
28.87
43.30

113.95
10.64
25.32
17.73
22.79
30.39
45.58

216.51
20.21
48.11
33.68
43.30
57.73
86.60

142
110
120
114
120
122
130

224
25
50
35
50
63
100

53

10

50 132
1.0 14
3.5 27
2.0 20
3.5 27
5.5 35
10.0 49

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

54

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

55

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

4.3. Tnh ton ngn mch h p v kim tra cc thit b la chn

Khi tnh ton ngn mch pha h p ta coi gn ng trm bin p B5 l
ngun nn in p cao p trn thanh ci ca trm c coi l khng thay i
khi ngn mch. Ta c IN=I=
Gi thit ny lm cho cc dng ngn mch tnh c ln hn trong thc
t nhiu bi v rt kh gi c in p trn thanh ci cao p ca TBA l
khng i khi xy ra ngn mch sau my bin p, song nu dng ngn mch
tnh ton ny m cc thit b la chn c tha mn iu kin n nh ng
v n nh nhit th chng hon ton lm vic tt trong thc t.

4.3.1. Tnh ngn mch ti im N1

Xc nh cc thng s trn s thay th
a. in tr quy i ca my bin p phn xng sa cha c kh.
RB =

2
PNU dm
5.47 4002 106
=
= 2.79( m)
2
Sdm
5602 106

in khng quy i my bin p

XB =

2
U N %U dm
5.0 4002 103
=
= 14.29(m)
100 S dm
100 560 103

b. Aptomat tng A7
56

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Aptomat A7 c Idm ca cun dy = 1600A rt ln, nn ta c th b qua

in tr cun dy, in tr tip xc v in khng cun dy
Vy:
RN1=RB+ R(A7)RI+ R(A7)tx =2.79+ 0 + 0 = 2.79 (m)
XN1=XB+ X(A7)RI= 14.29 + 0 =14.29 (m)
ZN1= 2.79 + j14.29(m)
Dng in ngn mch ti im N1
I N1 =

UN
400
=
= 15.88( kA)
3 Z N 1 1.73 2.792 + 14.292

Dng xung kch

ixk = 2 I N 1kxk = 2 15.88 1.3 = 29.19(kA)

3.2 Dng ngn mch ti im N2

a. Thanh gp TG1
Thanh gp TG1 c xc nh phn trn c cc thng s
r0 = 0.080(m/m)
x0 = 0.2 (m/m)
in tr thanh gp TG1: r = 0.080 2 = 0.16 (m)
in khng thanh gp TG1: x = 0.2 2 = 0.4 (m)
b. Aptomat A1 v aptomat A2 c dng in nh mc cun bo v l
Idm = 800A, ta xc nh thng s ca n bng phng php ni suy
da vo bng 3.54, (2):
in tr ca cun dy bo v qu dng in R(A1)RI = 0.09 (m)
in tr tip xc ca aptomat R(A1)tx = 0.1 (m)
in khng ca cun dy bo v qu dng in: X(A1)RI= 0.088
(m)
on cp L1 c chiu di khng ng k do trm bin p phn xng t
st tng phn xng v cnh t phn phi phn xng. Do vy ta b qua
in tr cng nh in khng ca on cp ny.
RN2=RN1+RTG1+ R(A1)RI+ R(A1)tx+ R(A2)RI+ R(A2)tx
= 2.79 + 0.16 + ( 0.09 + 0.1) 2 = 3.33 (m)
XN2=XN1+XTG1+ X(A1)RI+ X(A2)RI
=14.29 + 0.4 + 0.088 2=14.87 (m)
ZN2= 3.33+ j14.87(m)
Dng in ngn mch ti im N2
I N1 =

UN
400
=
= 15.17(kA)
3 Z N 2 1.73 3.332 + 14.872

Dng xung kch

57

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

ixk = 2 I N 1kxk = 2 15.17 1.3 = 27.89(kA)

3.3 Tnh ton ngn mch ti im N3

a.
Aptomat xut tuyn A3
Aptomat A3 c dng cho php 250A vi cc thng s c xc nh ni
suy t bng 3.54 trang 169 , (2) ta c:
in tr cun dy bo v qu dng in: RRI= 0.31m
in khng cun dy bo v qu dng in: XRI=0.235 m
in tr tip xc: R = 0.55m
b. Thng s thanh gp t t phn phi
Thanh gp t phn phi c chiu di 2m kch thc 30x3 (mm2) vi
cc thng s:
in tr r0=0.223(m/m)RTG= 0.446(m)
in khng x0=0.163(m/m)XTG = 0.326(m)
c. on cp L2 t t phn phi v t ng lc
on cp ny c tit din 120 mm2 vi r0=0.153 (/km), x0 qu nh nn
c th b qua khi tnh ton. Thc hin tnh ton ngn mch ti im thanh
gp t ng lc nhm s II do n gn t phn phi nht vi chiu di on
cp l 12.75m.
R cp = 0.153 12.75 103 () = 0.002 (m)
d. Cu dao
Dao cch ly t u vo t ng lc c dng cho php 400A, in tr
tip xc R(CD)tx=0.2 (m)
RN3=RN2 + RTG2+R(A3)RI+R(A3)tx+RcpL2+RCD
=3.33 + 0.446 + 0.31 + 0.55 + 0.002 + 0.2
=4.838(m)
XN2=XN2+XTG2+X(A3)RI
=14.87 + 0.326 + 0.235
=15.431(m).
ZN2=4.837+j15.431(m)
Dng in ngn mch ti im N3:
IN3 =

UN
400
=
= 14.18(kA)
3 Z N 2 1.73 4.8382 + 15.4312

Dng xung kch:

ixk = 2 I N 2 kxk = 2 14.18 1.3 = 26.07(kA)

Tnh ton tng t ta c bng sau:

58

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Tuyn cp
TPP-L1
TPP-L2
TPP-L3
TPP-L4
TPP-L5

Chiu di
(m)
28.50
12.75
23.25
21.75
20.25

I N 3 (kA)
14.1795
14.1801
14.1797
14.1797
14.1801

I xk (kA)
26.0687
26.0697
26.0690
26.0692
26.0698

Do cc thit b c chn ging nhau nn ta ch xem xt cc thit b c

ch lm vic nng n hn c.
Nhn thy cc dng ngn mch tnh c tr s nh hn so vi ch s
cho php ca cc thit b bo v chn la. Vy cc thit b m bo yu
cu.

59

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Chng 5: B cng sut phn khng

5.1. t vn
Trong qu trnh lm vic nh my tiu th t mng in c cng sut tc
dng P ln cng sut phn khng Q. Cc ngun tiu th cng sut phn
khng l ng c khng ng b, cc my bin p, ng dy trn khng
v cc thit b khc ...
Cng sut phn khng Q l cng sut t ho trong cc my in xoay
chiu, n khng sinh ra cng. Mt khc cng sut phn khng cung cp cho
cc h dng in khng nht thit phi ly t ngun (my pht in). Do
trnh khi phi truyn ti mt lng cng sut phn khng ln trn ng
dy ta c th t gn cc h dng in cc my sinh ra cng sut phn khng
cung cp trc tip cho ph ti, lm nh vy gi l b cng sut phn
khng.
Khi c b cng sut phn khng, lng P khng i, lng Q truyn ti
trn ng dy gim xung kt qu l cos tng ln. Khi ta s c mt
s u im nh sau:
Gim c tn tht cng sut trong mng in:
cng sut trn ng dy c tnh theo cng thc
P2 + Q2
P2
Q2
P =
R = 2 R + 2 R = P( P ) + P( Q )
U2
U
U

khi gim cng sut phn khng Q truyn ti trn ng dy ta gim c

thnh phn tn tht cng sut P(Q) do Q sinh ra, nh tn tht cng sut
trn mng in c ci thin ng k
Gim c tn tht in p trong mng in
Tn tht in p c tnh
U =

PR + QX PR QX
=
+
= U ( P ) + U ( Q )
U
U
U

Khi gim lng cng sut phn khng Q truyn ti trn ng dy ta gim
c thnh phn U(Q) do Q gy ra
Tng kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy v MBA
Kh nng truyn ti ca ng dy v my bin p ph thuc vo
iu kin pht nng, tc l ph thuc vo dng in cho php ca chng.
Dng in chy trong dy dn v my bin p c tnh
I=

P2 + Q2
3U

Biu thc ny chng t rng vi cng mt tnh trng pht nng nht nh
ca ng dy v my bin p (I = const) chng ta c th tng kh nng

60

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

truyn ti cng sut tc dng P ca chng bng cch gim cng sut phn
khng Q m chng ta phi ti i.
V nhng l do trn m vic b cng sut phn khng gn nhng ni
tiu th c ngha rt quan trng v mt kinh t k thut. b cng sut
phn khng cho nh my dt ta c th dng cc thit b sau.
My b ng b :

Thc cht l ng c ng b c kt cu gn nh v khng mang ti

trn trc. N c th lm vic ch pht cng sut phn khng v tiu th
cng sut phn khng
- u im :
C kh nng iu chnh trn v t ng cng sut phn khng pht ra,
do n thng t nhng im cn iu chnh in p trong h thng v
c th phc hi sa cha khi h hng
-nhc im:
Gi thnh t, vn hnh phc tp v gy ting n. Trong qu trnh lm
vic th ga tin n v ca my b ng b tng ln ng k khi gim cng
sut danh nh ca n, ng thi khi tn tht cng sut tc dng cng
tng ln. V vy ch dng cc loi my c cng sut ln t cc trm ln.
ng c ng b :

ng c ng b c h s cng sut cao, c th lm vic ch

qu kch thch, nhng ng c ng b c cu to phc tp gi thnh t
T in :

L thit b chuyn dng pht ra cng sut phn khng. Chng

tng ng nh my b ng b qu kch thch v ch c th pht ra cng
sut phn khng. Cc t c th ghp thnh b t in c cng sut theo yu
cu. So vi nhng ngun pht cng sut phn khng khc th t in c
nhng u im sau y
- Tn tht cng sut tc dng t
- Do khng c phn quay nn vn hnh n gin
- Lp t n gin do khi lng nh, khng cn mng
Tuy nhin t in cng c nhng nhc im nh nhy cm vi s
bin thin ca in p t ln cc t in (cng sut phn khng Q l do t
in sinh ra t l vi bnh phng in p), thi gian phc v ngn (8 n 10
nm), bn km. Cng sut phn khng pht ra theo hnh bc thang, khng
th iu chnh trn c.

61

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Gi tin 1kVAr ca b t ph thuc vo in p v khng ph thuc

vo cng sut chnh ca t.
5.2. Xc nh dung lng b v v tr t thit b b.
5.2.1. Xc nh dung lng b.
H s cng sut ca nh my trc khi b l 0,78. Ta d nh nng cao
h s cng sut ca nh my ln cos = 0,90.
Dung lng cng sut phn khng cn b trong ton nh my l:
Qb = Ptt(tg 1 - tg 2) (kVAr)
Trong
Ptt - cng sut tc dng tiu th trong ton nh my.
tg 1 - tr s tg ng vi cos trc khi b, cos 1 = 0.63
tg 1 = 1.22
tg 2 - tr s tg ng vi cos sau khi b, cos 2 = 0,90
tg 2 = 0,48
Vy tng cng sut ca t b cn t l:
Q b = Ptt (tgj1 tgj2 ) = 5022.73 ( 1.22 0.48 ) = 3716.82 (kVAr)
Vi dung lng b nh trn th ta s s dng t in lm thit b b.
5.2.2. V tr t thit b b.
Thit b b c th t pha in p cao hoc pha in p thp,
nguyn tc b tr thit b b lm sao t c chi ph tnh ton l nh nht.
C li nht v mt gim tn tht in p, in nng cho i tng dng in
l t phn tn thit bi b cho tng ng c. Tuy nhin nu t phn tn qu
s khng c li v vn u t, v qun l vn hnh. V vy t t b tp
trung hay phn tn v phn tn n mc no l ph thuc vo cu trc h
thng cung cp in ca i tng
Nh my thit k c quy m gm nhiu phn xng, nhiu trm bin
p, nng cao h s cng sut ton nh my, c th coi nh cc t b c
t tp trung ti thanh ci h p ca cc trm bin p phn xng.
5.3. Xc nh in tr cc nhnh v in tr tng ng ton
mng.
5.3.1. Tnh in tr trn s thay th.
-in tr ca my bin p c tnh theo cng thc sau:
2
PN U dm
RB =
.10 3 ()
2
S dm

Trong
PN - tn tht cng sut trong my bin p khi ngn mch, kW
62

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

UmB - in p nh mc MB, kV
SmB - cng sut nh mc ca MB, kVAr
-Xc nh in tr cc on cp
in tr ca cp c xc nh theo cng thc sau:
R=r0l ()
r0: in tr sut ca cp
l: l chiu on cp
*Xc nh in tr quy i my bin p B1:
Ti trm bin p phn xng 1 ta t hai my bin p. Mi my c cng
sut nh mc l: SmBA=1000 (kVA) v tn tht cng sut ngn mch:
PN=18.9(kW)
RB1 =

2
P U dm
10 352 3
=
10 = 6.125()
2
2S dm
2.10002

in tr on cp t trm phn phi trung tm ti trm bin p B1 ( on

cp ny cp in cho c hai phn xng 1 v phng th nghim)
Rc18 =

0.727 0.060
= 0.022()
2

Cc phn xng khc tnh ton tng t, ta c bng sau:

in tr ca cc trm bin p:
Stt
SmBA
PN
TT Tn trm (kVA) (kVA)
NB (kW) %UN
1 Trm PPTT
2
Trm B1 1936.61 1000
2
10
6.0
3
Trm B2 2034.53 1250
2
13.9 6.5
4
Trm B3 1519.65 1000
2
10
6.0
5
Trm B4 1793.52 1000
2
10
6.0
6
Trm B5 1015.47 560
2
5.47 5.0
7
Trm B6 1621.97 1000
2
10
6.0

RB()
6.125
5.449
6.125
6.125
10.684
6.125

in tr ca cc on cp:
TT
1
2
3
4
5

ng cp
TPPTT-B1
TPPTT-B2
TPPTT-B3
B3-B5
TPPTT-B4

Ftt chiu di
R0
X0
R
(mm)
(m)
(/km) (/km) ()
3x25
60
0.727
0.24 0.022
3x25
30
0.727
0.24 0.011
3x25
15
0.727
0.24 0.005
3x25
105
0.727
0.24 0.038
3x25
60
0.727
0.24 0.022

63

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

B4-B6

3x25

60

0.727

0.24

0.022

in tr tng ng nhnh cc nhnh thc hin lin thng l:

Nhnh 1 ( lin thng gia trm bin p B3 v trm bin p B5)
R35 =

1
1
1
+
RB 3 ( RC 5 + RB 5 )

1
1
1
+
6.125 0.038 + 10.684

= 3.898()

Nhnh 2 ( lin thng gia trm bin p B4 va trm bin p B6)

R46 =

1
1
1
+
RB 4 ( RC 6 + RB 6 )

1
1
1
+
6.125 0.022 + 6.125

= 3.068()

in tr cc nhnh:

R 1 = R1 + R B1 = 0.022 + 6.125 = 6.345()

R 2 = R c2 + R B2 = 0.011 + 5.449 = 5.460()
R 3 = R c35 + R 35 = 0.038 + 3.898 = 3.936()
R 4 = R c46 + R 46 = 0.022 + 3.068 = 3.090()

in tr tng ng ton mch l:

Rtd =

1
1
1
1
1
+
+ +
R1 R2 R3 R4

1
1
1
1
1
+
+
+
6.345 5.460 3.090 3.936

= 1.089()

5.3.2. Xc nh dung lng b ti thanh ci trm bin p.

Dung lng b ca cc nhnh xc nh theo cng sut:

64

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Qbi = Qi (Q Qb )

Rtd
Ri

Trong
Qbi - cng sut b s t ti trm BAPX th i, kVAr
Qi - cng sut phn khng tnh ton vi trm th i, kVAr
Q - cng sut phn khng x nghip, kVAr
Qb - cng sut b ca ton x nghip, kVAr
Ri - in tr nhnh th i,
Rtd - in tr tng ng,
Ta c:
Q1 = QPX1 + QPTN = 1400 + 72 = 1472 (kVAr)
Q 2 = 1600 (kVAr)
Q3 = QPX 3 + QPXSCCK + QLga + QTramBom = 1200 + 339.76 + 320 + 90 = 1949.76 (kVAr)
Q 4 = QPX4 + Q BoPhanNenEp + QPX Re n = 1000 + 367.3 + 1280 = 2647.3 (kVAr)

Cng sut phn khng tnh ton ton nh my:

Qnm= 6135.25 (kVAr)
thun tin trong vn hnh v gim bt cc thit b ng ct, o
lng cho cc nhm t, nu dung lng b ti u ca mt nhnh no nh
hn 30kVAr th khng t t in b nhnh na m ta chuyn dung
lng b ln nhnh trn. Ngoi ra ta cn phi ch rng nu dung lng
b ti u ca nhnh no c gi tr m, tc l khng nht thit phi phn phi
dung lng b cho nhnh .
Dung lng b cho tng nhnh:
Qb1 = Q1 (Q Qb )

Rtd
1.089
= 1472 (6135.25 3716.82)
= 1056.92kVAr
R1
6.345

Qb 2 = Q2 (Q Qb )

Rtd
1.089
= 1600 (6135.25 3716.82)
= 1117.64kVAr
R2
5.460

Qb35 = Q35 (Q Qb )

Rtd
1.089
= 1949.76 (6135.25 3716.82)
= 1280.64kVAr
R3
3.936

Qb 46 = Q46 (Q Qb )

Rtd
1.089
= 2647.3 (6135.25 3716.82)
= 1794.98kVAr
R4
3.090

Tnh ton t b cc nhnh c lin thng:

*Nhnh 1:
Cng sut b l 1056.92 (kVAr)
Cng sut b t trm bin p phn xng 3 l

65

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Qb3 = Q3 (Q35 Qb 35 )

R35
3.898
= 1200 (1949.76 1280.64)
= 774.17(kVAr )
RB 3
6.125

Cng sut b t trm bin p phn xng 5 l:

Qb5 = Q5 (Q35 Qb 35 )

R35
3.898
= 749.76 (1949.76 1280.64)
= 505.64( kVAr )
RB 5
10.684

*Nhnh 2:
Cng sut b t trm bin p phn xng 4 l
Qb 4 = Q4 (Q46 Qb 46 )

R46
3.068
= 1000 (2647.3 1794.98)
= 573.07( kVAr )
RB 4
6.125

Cng sut b t trm bin p phn xng 6 l:

Qb 6 = Q6 (Q46 Qb 46 )

R46
3.068
= 1280 (2647.3 1794.98)
= 853.07( kVAr )
RB 6
6.125

Chn sa dng t in b 0,38kV ca hng DAE YEONG ch to, cc

b t c bo v bng aptomat.
Kt qu tnh chn s lng v chng loi cc t in b cho cc phn
xng.
TT

Tn trm

Loi t

1
2
3
4
5
6

Trm bin p B1
Trm bin p B2
Trm bin p B3
Trm bin p B4
Trm bin p B5
Trm bin p B6

DLE-4D125 K5T
DLE-4D125 K5T
DLE-4D100 K5T
DLE-4D100 K5T
DLE-4D100 K5T
DLE-4D125 K5T

Qb
(kVAr)
125
125
100
100
100
125

S b
9
9
8
6
6
7

Tng Qb
(kVAr)
1125
1125
800
600
600
875

Qb yu cu (kVAr)
1056.92
1117.64
774.17
573.07
505.64
853.07

Tng cng sut b trn thc t l:

Qb

= 1125 + 1125 + 8000 + 600 + 600 + 875 = 5125( kVAr )

H s cng sut ca nh my sau khi thc hin b cng sut phn khng
tan2=tan1-Qb/Ptt=1.22-5125/5022.73 =0.1996
T ta tnh c cos2=0.98

66

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

S b tr cc t b trn mng in

67

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Chng 6: Thit k chiu sng cho phn xng sa cha c kh

6.1. t vn .
cc nh my, bn cnh chiu sng t nhin bao gi cng c mt h
thng chiu sng nhn to m bo nng sut lao ng vi mi hon cnh
v thi tit, an ton cho ngi lao ng
Trong vic thit k chiu sng iu quan trng nht l phi p ng
c yu cu v ri v hiu qu chiu sng. Ngoi ri th hiu qu
chiu sng cn c quyt nh bi quang thng mu sc nh sng ca n.
S la chn nhng chao n cng nh s b tr cc bng n va m bo
tnh kinh t k thut va mang tnh m quan. Ngoi ra ta phi thit k sao
cho khi lm vic ngi cng nhn khng b lo mt do cng sng qu
ln hay do phn x, bn cnh phi c ri ng u khi quan st t
ch ny n ch khc mt khng phi iu tit nhiu.
6.2. Cc phng php thit k chiu sng.
6.2.1. Phng php quang thng.
Phng php ny dng tnh chiu sang chung khng ch n h s
phn x tng, ca trn nh v ca vt.
Quang thng c tnh theo biu thc:
d =

E.S .kdt .Z
( Lm)
n.k sd

Vi:
E - ri yu cu tra trong s tay k thut, lx
S - din tch cn chiu sng, m2
kdt - h s d tr tnh n suy thoi quang
thng ca n sau mt thi gian s dng kdt = 1,2
- 1,4
Z - h s tnh ton tra trong s tay k thut,
trong tnh ton thng ly Z = 0,8 - 1,4
n - s bng n ca h thng chiu sng
ksd - h s s dng tra trong cc s tay k
thut theo quan h ksd = f( )
- ch s phng
=

a.b
( a + b) H

a, b - kch thc phng

H - khong cch t n n mt cng tc, m

6.2.2. Phng php tnh gn ng.
68

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Cng sut chiu sang ca h thng chiu sang c tnh theo cng
thc:
Pcs = p0.F
Trong
p0 - sut chiu sng trong mt n v din tch tra trong s tay k thut
F - din tch ca mt c chiu sng
-Chn loi n bit c P v F
P

cs
-Tnh s bng n n = P
d
-B tr n.

n.F k

d sd
-Kim tra ri Ett > Eyc, Ett = s.k Z
dt
Nu iu kin kim tra khng tha mn th ta c tng s lng bng
hoc chn loi n khc c quang thng ln hn.

6.3. Thit k h thng chiu sng cho phn xng c kh

Yu cu thit k chiu sng chung cho xng sa cha c kh c kch
thc 30m x 45m, din tch 1350 (m2).
6.3.1. Xc nh s lng cng sut bng n
-D nh dng n si t c ri Emin=30(lx)
-Cc thng s ca xng sa cha c kh
+chiu rng: 30 m
+chiu di: 45 m
+din tch: 1350 (m2)
+trn nh cao: 4.5m
+mt cng tc: h2=0.8 (m)
+ cao treo n cch trn: 0.7(m)
H=4.5-0.8-0.7=3 (m)
Tra bng bng n si t c t s
L
= 1.8
H

Vy khong cch gia cc bng n l:

L = 1.8 3 = 5.4 (m)

Xc nh ch s phng:
=

a.b
30 45
=
=6
(a + b) H (30 + 45) 3

69

Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

Ly h s phn x ca tng l: tng=50% v h s phn x ca trn l:

trn=30%
Tra bng ta c h s s dng l ksd=0.48
* Xc nh s n
B tr n theo nguyn tc hnh vung. Cn c vo kch thc ca xng
ta chn khong cch gia cc n l 5m
-Chiu rng
+b tr 5 dy n, khong cch gia tng v bng n l:
30 5 5
= 2.5(m)
2

+b tr 6 dy n, khong cch gia tng v bng n l:

30 5 6
= 0(m)
2

Vi yu cu khong cch t tng ti bng n nm trong khong (0.30.5)L, vy ta chn phng n b tr 5 dy n.

-chiu di
+b tr 8 dy, khong cch gia tng v bng n l:
45 5 8
= 2.5(m)
2

+b tr 9 dy, khong cch gia tng v bng n l:

45 5 9
= 0(m)
2

Ta chn phng n b tr 8 dy bng n theo chiu di

Nh vy tng s bng n cn dng l 40 bng
*Ly t s quy i Z=1.2
Quang thng ca mi n l:
d =

E.S .kdt .Z 30 1350 1.3 1.2

=
= 3290.63(lm)
n.k sd
40 0.48

Tra bng chn bng n si t 300W, c quang thng l 5000(lm)

Tng cng sut dnh cho chiu sng l
Pcs = 40 0.3 = 12 ( kW )

6.3.2. Thit k mng in chiu sng

t ring mt t chiu sng cnh ca ra vo ly in t t phn phi ca
xng. T gm c mt aptomat tng 3 pha v 8 aptomat nhnh 1 pha, mi
aptomat nhnh cp in cho 5 bng n.

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Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

S mt bng i dy h p chiu sng ca phn xng sa cha c kh

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Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

6.3.2.1. Chn cp t t phn phi ti t chiu sng

I cs =

Pcs
12
=
= 17.32( A)
3U dm
3 0.4

Vi li h p, vic chn cp cn c vo iu kin dng cho php.

Chn cp ng 4 li v PVC do CLIPSAL ch to c dng cho php trong
nh l ICP = 45A v tit din l 6mm2.
K hiu l: PVC(3x6+1x4).
6.3.2.2. Chn aptomat tng
Chn aptomat tng 40A, 3 pha do hng Merlin Gerin (Php) sn xut k
hiu: C60a
6.3.2.3. Chn aptomat nhnh
Cc aptomat nhnh chn ging nhau, mi aptomat cp in cho 4 bong
n. Dng qua aptomat (1 pha):
In =

5 0.3
= 6.82( A)
0.22

Chn 8 aptomat QCE-10A 1 pha, c dng nh mc l Im=10A do i Loan

ch to.
6.3.2.4. Chn dy dn t aptomat nhnh n cm 5 bng n.
Chn dy dn ng tit din 1.5mm2, c dng in cho php l 17A
e. Kim tra iu kin chn dy kt hp vi aptomat
+Kim tra cp PVC(3.6+1.4) h s hiu chnh khc=1
45 >

1.25 50
= 41.6( A)
1.5

+Kim tra iu dy 1.5mm2

17 >

1.25 10
= 8.33( A)
1.5

6.3.2.5. Kim tra lch in p

V ng dy ngn, cc dy u c chn vt cp nn khng cn kim
tra st in p.

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Phm Xun Huy TH2 K51

TI LIU THAM KHO

(1) Ng Hng Quang, V Vn Tm, Thit k cp in,

nxb Khoa hc K thut

(2) S tay la chn, tra cu thit b in t 0.4 dn
500kv, Ng Hng Quang, nxb Khoa hc k thut

73