Truy xut ram ni ( Prog-Studio ) Bi tp 2.

1 :Vit CT ghi 40H vo nh 30H ca RAM ni theo 2 cch (nh a ch nh trc tip v nh a ch nh gin tip). Bi gii : nh a ch nh trc tip : Include 8051.mc Mov 30 , #40h End nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Mov r0 , #30h Mov @r0 , #40h End Bi tp 2.2 :Vit CT xa nh 31H ca RAM ni theo 2 cch (nh a ch nh trc tip v nh a ch nh gin tip). Bi gii :nh a ch nh trc tip : Include 8051.mc Mov 31h, #00h End nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Mov r0 , #31h Mov @r0 , #00h End Bi tp 2.3 : Vit CT ghi ni dung thanh ghi A vo nh 32H ca RAM ni theo 2 cch (nh a ch nh trc tip v nh a ch nh gin tip). Bi gii :nh a ch nh trc tip : Include 8051.mc Mov A , #11h Mov 32h, A End nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Mov A , #11h Mov r0 , #32h Mov @r0 , A End Bi tp 2.4 : Vit CT c nh 33H ca RAM ni vo thanh ghi A theo 2 cch (nh a ch nh trc tip v nh a ch nh gin tip). Bi gii :nh a ch nh trc tip : Include 8051.mc Mov 33h , #11h Mov A , 33h End nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Mov r0 , #33h Mov A , @r0 End Bi tp 2.5 : Vit CT chuyn d liu nh 34H ca RAM ni vo nh 35H ca RAM ni theo 2 cch (nh a ch nh trc tip v nh a ch nh gin tip). Bi gii :nh a ch nh trc tip : Include 8051.mc Mov 35h , 34h End nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Mov r0 , #35h Mov @r0 , #34H End

Truy xut RAM ngoi Bi tp 2.6 : Vit CT ghi 40H vo nh 0030H ca RAM ngoi. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Include 8051.mc Mov R0, #30h Mov A,#40h Mov A,#40h Mov DPTR,#0030h Movx @R0 , A Movx @DPTR , A End END Bi tp 2.7 : Vit CT xa nh 0031H ca RAM ngoi. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov A,#00h Mov DPTR,#0031h Movx @DPTR , A End Bi tp 2.8 : Vit CT c nh 0032H ca RAM ngoi vo thanh ghi A. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov DPTR,#0032h Movx A,@DPTR END Bi tp 2.9 : Vit CT ghi ni dung thanh ghi A vo nh 0033H ca RAM ngoi. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov DPTR,#0033h Movx @DPTR,A END Bi tp 2.10 : Vit CT chuyn d liu nh 0034H ca RAM ngoi vo nh 0035H ca RAM ngoi. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov R0,#0034h Movx A,@R0 Mov DPTR,#0035h Movx @DPTR,A END Truy xut Port Bi tp 2.11 : Vit CT xut 0FH ra Port 1. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#0fh End Bi tp 2.12 : Vit CT xut F0H ra Port 2. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#0f0h End Bi tp 2.13 : Vit CT xut ni dung thanh ghi A ra Port 1. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov a,#0efh Mov p1,a End Bi tp 2.14 : Vit CT nhp t Port 1 vo thanh ghi A. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#0ffh Mov a,p1 End Bi tp 2.15 : Vit CT nhp t Port 1 v xut ra Port 2. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#0c0h Mov p2,p1 End Bi tp 2.16 : Vit CT xut 1 (mc logic cao) ra chn P1.0 Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#0c0h Mov p2,p1

End Bi tp 2.17 : Vit CT xut 0 (mc logic thp) ra chn P1.1 Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#02h End Hay Include 8051.mc Mov a,#0ffh Mov p1.1,acc.7 End Truy xut RAM ni, RAM ngoi v Port Bi tp 2.18 : Vit CT chuyn d liu 40H (RAM ni) n nh 2000H (RAM ngoi) Bi gii :nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Mov a,#40h Mov dptr,#2000h Movx @dptr,a End Bi tp 2.19 : Vit CT chuyn d liu nh 2001H (RAM ngoi) vo nh 41H (RAM ni). Bi gii :nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Movx dptr,#2001h Movx a,@dptr Mov 40h,a End Bi tp 2.20 : Vit CT nhp t Port 1 vo nh 42H (RAM ni). Lm theo 2 cch (nh a ch nh trc tip v nh a ch nh gin tip). Bi gii :nh a ch nh trc tip : Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#33h Mov a,p1 Mov 42h,a End nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#33h Mov r0,#42h Mov @r0,p1 End Bi tp 2.21 : Vit CT nhp t Port 1 vo nh 2002H (RAM ngoi). Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov p1,#44h Mov a,p1 Mov dptr,#2002h Movx @dptr,a End Bi tp 2.22 : Vit CT ly nh 43H (RAM ni) xut ra Port 1. Lm theo 2 cch (nh a ch nh trc tip v nh a ch nh gin tip). Bi gii :nh a ch nh trc tip : Include 8051.mc Mov 43h,#22h Mov p1,43h End nh a ch nh gin tip : Include 8051.mc Mov 43h,#10h Mov r0,#43h

Mov p0,@r0 End Bi tp 2.23 : Vit CT ly nh 2003H (RAM ngoi) xut ra Port 1. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov dptr,#2003h Movx a,@dptr Mov p1, a End S dng vng lp Bi tp 2.24: Vit CT xa 20 nh RAM ni c a ch bt u l 30H. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov r0,#20 Mov r1,#30h Nhay:Mov @r1,#00h Inc r1 Djnz r0,nhay Jmp $ End Bi tp 2.25 : Vit CT xa cc nh RAM ni t a ch 20H n 7FH. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov r0,#20h Nhay:Mov @r0,#00h Inc r0 Cjne r0,#80h,nhay End Bi tp 2.26: Vit CT xa 250 nh RAM ngoi c a ch bt u l 4000H. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov a,#00h Mov r3,#0fah Mov dptr,#4000h Nhay:Movx @dptr,a Inc dpptr Djnz r3,Nhay End Bi tp 2.27 : Vit CT xa 2500 nh RAM ngoi c a ch bt u l 4000H. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov a,#0000h Mov dptr,#4000h Mov r1,#0ah ; Chuyn gi tr 10 vo r1 NK2:Mov r3, #0fah ; Chuyn gi tr 250 vo r3 NK1:Movx @dptr,a Inc dptr Djnz r3,NK1 Djnz r1,NK2 Jmp $ End Bi tp 2.28 : Vit CT xa ton b RAM ngoi c dung lng 8KB, bit rng a ch u l 2000H. Bi gii :8 KB = 8 x 1024 = 8192 bytetng ng vi 8192 = 64 x 128 nh. i (8192)10 = 2000h. Vy nh cui cng c a ch l 4000 -1 = 3fff h Include 8051.mc Clr a Mov dptr,#2000h Mov r0,#40h ; Chuyn gi tr 64 vo r0 NK2:Mov r1,#80h ; Chuyn gi tr 128 vo r1 NK1:Movx @dptr,a Inc dptr Djnz r1,NK1 Djnz r0,NK2

Jmp $ End Bi tp 2.29 : Vit CT chuyn mt chui d liu gm 10 byte trong RAM ni c a ch u l 30H n vng RAM ni c a ch u l 40H. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov r2,#0ah Mov r0,#30h Mov r1,#40h Nhay:Mov @r0,#0abh Mov a,@r0 Mov @r1,a Inc r0 Inc r1 Djnz r2,Nhay Jmp $ Bi tp 2.30 : Vit CT chuyn mt chui d liu gm 100 byte trong RAM ngoi c a ch u l 2000H n vng RAM ngoi c a ch u l 4000H. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov r0,#00h Mov r1,#20h Mov r2,#00h Mov r3,#40h Mov r4,#64h Nhay:Mov dpl,r0 Mov dph,r1 Mov a,#0aah Movx @dptr,a Movx a,@dptr Mov dpl,r2 Mov dph,r3 Movx @dptr,a Inc r0 Inc r2 Djnz r4,Nhay Jmp $ End Bi tp 2.31 : Vit CT chuyn mt chui d liu gm 10 byte trong RAM ni c a ch u l 30H n vng RAM ngoi c a ch u l 4000H. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov r0,#30h Mov r1,#10d Mov dptr,#4000h Mov @r0,#32h Lap:Mov a,@r0 Movx @dptr,a Inc r0 Inc dptr Djnz r1,Lap Jmp $ End Bi tp 2.32 : Vit CT chuyn mt chui d liu gm 10 byte trong RAM ngoi c a ch u l 5F00H n vng RAM ni c a ch u l 40H. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov dptr,#5f00h Mov r0,#40h Mov r1,#10d Lap:Mov a,#33h Movx @dptr,a

Movx a,@dptr Mov @r0,a Inc r0 Inc dptr Djnz r1,Lap Jmp $ End Bi tp 2.33 : Cho mt chui d liu gm 20 byte lin tip trong RAM ni, bt u t a ch 20H. Hy vit CT ln lt xut cc d kiu ny ra Port 1. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov r0,#20h Mov r1,#20d Lap:Mov @r0,#0aah Mov p1,@r0 Inc r0 Djnz r1,Lap Jmp $ End Bi tp 2.34 : Gi s Port 1 c ni n mt thit b pht d liu (v d nh 8 nt nhn). Hy vit CT nhn lin tip 10 byte d liu t thit b pht ny v ghi vo 10 nh (RAM ni) lin tip bt u t nh 50H. Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Mov r0,#50h Mov r1,#10d Lap:Mov a,r0 Mov p1,a Mov @r0,p1 Inc r0 Djnz r1,Lap Jmp $ End To tr ( Delay ) Bi tp 2.35 : Vit CT con delay 100s, bit rng thch anh dng trong h thng l 12 MHz Bi gii :Include 8051.mc Delay:Mov tmod,#02h Mov tl0,#9dh Setb tr0 Nhay:Jnb tf0,Nhay Clr tf0 Clr tr0 Ret End Bi tp 2.36 : Vit CT con delay 1ms, bit rng thch anh (xtal) dng trong h thng l 12 Mhz Bi gii :Phn tch 1ms = 1000 = 1000 CKM Include 8051.mc Delay:Mov tmod,#01h Mov tl0,#19h Mov th0,#0fch Setb tr0 Nhay:Jnb tf0,Nhay Clr tf0 Clr tr0 Ret End Bi tp 2.37 : Vit CT con delay 1ms, bit rng thch anh (xtal) dng trong h thng l 24 MHz Bi gii :Tn s xung nhp ca b vi iu khin : 0.5 Thi gian tr 2000 (Chu k my) . Nh vy mt chu k my c thi gian = 1/( 2.106 ) =

Delay:Mov tmod,#01h Mov tl0,#31h Mov th0,#0f8h Setb tr0 Nhay:Jnb tf0,Nhay Clr tf0 Clr tr0 Ret Bi tp 2.38 : Vit CT con delay 1s, bit rng thch anh (xtal) dng trong h thng l 12 MHz Bi gii :Tn s xung nhp ca b vi iu khin : Thi gian tr 1000 0000 (Chu k my) = 1 000 000 . Nh vy mt chu k my c thi gian = 1/( 2.106 ) = 1 = 250x40x100 s

Delay :mov r3,#100d NK3:Mov r1,#40d NK2:Mov r0,#250d NK1:Mov tmod,#03h Mov tl0,#07h Setb tr0 Nhay:Jnb tf0,Nhay Clr tr0 Clr tf0 Djnz r0,NK1 Djnz r1,NK2 Djnz r2,NK3 Ret Bi tp 2.39 : Vit CT con delay 1pht , bit rng thch anh (xtal) dng trong h thng l 12 MHz Bi gii :1phut = 60s = 60.1000 ms= 60.250.4.1ms = 60.250.4.1000 s Tre :Mov r1,#60d Lap1:Mov r2,#250d Lap2:Mov r3,#4d Lap3: mov TMOD,#10h ;Timer1 ch 1 Mov th1,#0fch Mov tl1,#18h Setb Tr1 Lap4: Jnb Tf1,lap4 ;Ch y cho n khi xy ra trn timer 1 Clr Tf1 Clr Tr1 Djnz r3,lap3 Djnz r2,lap2 Djnz r1,lap1 Ret To xung Bi tp 2.40 : Vit CT to mt xung dng ti chn P1.0 vi rng xung 1ms, bit rng xtal l 12 MHz. Bi gii :Tn s xung nhp ca vi x l = 12/12 =1MHz. Mt chu k my c thi gian = 1/106 =1 to ra thi gian tr 1ms ta cn 1.103/1 = 1000 ms = 1000 (CKM ) . Ta chn timer 0 vi ch 1 Ta np cho timer 0 gi tr ban u l = 65536 + 1 1000 = 64537 = 0fc19h Include 8051.mc Org 0000h Lap:Clr p1.0 Call Delay Cpl p1.0 Call Delay Jmp Lap

Delay:Mov tmod,#02h Mov tl0,#19h Mov th0,#0fch Setb tr0 Nhay:Jnb tf0,Nhay Clr tr0 Clr tf0 Ret End Bi tp 2.41 : Vit CT to chui xung vung c f = 100 KHz ti chn P1.1 (Xtal 12 MHz). Bi gii :Tn s xung nhp ca vi x l = 12/12 =1MHz. Mt chu k my c thi gian = 1/106 =1 Chui xung vung c chu k = 1/(100.103 ) = 10 = 10 CKM . Ta chn timer 0 vi ch 3 Ta np cho timer 0 gi tr ban u l = 256 + 1 10 = 247 = 0f7h Include 8051.mc Org 0000h Lap:Clr p1.1 Call Delay Cpl p1.1 Call Delay Jmp Lap Delay:Mov tmod,#03h Mov tl0,#0f7h Setb tr0 Nhay:Jnb tf0,Nhay Clr tr0 Clr tf0 Ret End Bi tp 2.42 : Vit CT to chui xung vung ti chn P1.2 c tn s f = 100 MHz vi thi gian c xung = 40% thi gian chu k xung (Xtal 12 MHz) Bi gii :Tn s xung nhp ca vi x l = 12/12 =1MHz. Mt chu k my c thi gian = 1/106 =1 Chui xung vung c chu k = 1/(100.106 ) = 100 = (40 + 60) = (40 + 60)CKM . Include 8051.mc Org 0000h Lap:Clr p1.1 Mov r0,#197d Call Delay Cpl p1.1 Mov r0,#217d Call Delay Jmp Lap Delay:Mov tmod,#03h Mov tl0,r0 Setb tr0 Nhay:Jnb tf0,Nhay Clr tr0 Clr tf0 Ret End Bi tp 2.42 : Vit CT dng Timer to 2 sng vung c cng f = 1KHz ti P1.6 v P1.7. Bit rng sng vung ti P1.7 chm pha hn sng vung ti P1.6 l 100ms. (Xtal 12MHz). A .Vit chng trnh copy 10 bytes t vng RAM c a ch bt u l 37H ti vng RAM c a ch bt u l 59H Gii p: MOV R0,#37h ; Con tr ngun MOV R1,#59h ; Con tr c MOV R2,#10 ; B m L1: MOV A,@R0 MOV @R1,A

INC R0 INC R1 DJNZ R2,L1 A .Vit chng trnh xa RAM ni t 60H 7FH Tr li: MOV R0,#60H LOOP: MOV @R0,#00h INC R0 CJNE R0,#80H,LOOP VD: Gi s khng gian b nh ROM bt u ti a ch 250H cha ROBOCON, vit chng trnh truyn cc bytes trn vo vng nh RAM bt u ti a ch 40H Gii p: ORG 0000h MOV DPTR,#MYDATA MOV R0,#40H L1: CLR A MOVC A,@A+DPTR JZ L2 MOV @R0,A INC DPTR INC R0 SJMP L1 L2: SJMP L2 ;------------------------------------ORG 250H MYDATA: DB ROBOCON,0 END Cc php ton 2.45 Cho mt chui s 8 bit khng du trong RAM ni gm 10 s bt u t nh 30H. Hy vit CT con cng chui s ny v ghi kt qu vo nh 2FH (gi s kt qu nh hn hoc bng 255). 2.46 Cho mt chui s 8 bit khng du trong RAM ni gm 10 s bt u t nh 30H. Hy vit CT con cng chui s ny v ghi kt qu vo nh 2EH:2FH ( nh 2EH cha byte cao ca kt qu v nh 2FH cha byte thp ca kt qu). 2.47 Cho mt chui s 16 bit khng du trong RAM ni gm 10 s bt u t nh 30H theo nguyn tc nh c a ch nh hn cha byte cao v nh c a ch ln hn cha byte thp. (V d: byte cao ca s 16 bit u tin c ct ti nh 30H v byte thp ca s 16 bit u tin c ct ti nh 31H). Hy vit CT con cng chui s ny v ct kt qu vo nh 2EH:2FH. 2.48 Vit CT con ly b 2 s 16 bit cha trong R2&R3. So snh 2.49 Cho hai s 8 bit, s th 1 cha trong (30H), s th 2 cha trong (31H). Vit CT con so snh hai s ny. Nu s th 1 ln hn hoc bng s th 2 th set c F0, nu ngc li th xa c F0. 2.50 Cho hai s 16 bit, s th 1 cha trong (30H):(31H), s th 2 cha trong (32H):(33H). Vit CT con so snh hai s ny. Nu s th 1 ln hn hoc bng s th 2 th set c F0, nu ngc li th xa c F0. 2.51 Cho mt chui k t di dng m ASCII trong RAM ni, di 20 byte, bt u t a ch 50H.Vit CT xut cc k t in hoa c trong chui ny ra Port 1. Bit rng m ASCII ca k t in hoa l t 65 (ch A) n 90 (ch Z). 2.52 Vit CT nhp mt chui k t t Port 1 di dng m ASCII v ghi vo RAM ngoi, bt u t a ch 0000H. Bit rng chui ny kt thc bng k t CR (c m ASCII l 0DH) v ghi c k t ny vo RAM.

2.53 Vit CT nhp mt chui k t t Port 1 di dng m ASCII v ghi vo RAM ngoi, bt u t a ch 0000H. Bit rng chui ny kt thc bng k t CR (c m ASCII l 0DH) v khng ghi k t ny vo RAM. 2.54 Vit CT nhp mt chui k t t Port 1 di dng m ASCII v ghi vo RAM ngoi, bt u t a ch 0000H. Bit rng chui ny kt thc bng k t CR (c m ASCII l 0DH) v khng ghi k t ny vo RAM m thay bng k t null (c m ASCII l 00H). 2.55 Cho mt chui k t di dng m ASCII trong RAM ni, di 20 byte, bt u t a ch 50H.Vit CT i cc k t in hoa c trong chui ny thnh k t thng. Bit rng m ASCII ca k t thng bng m ASCII ca k t in hoa cng thm 32. 2.56 Cho mt chui k t s di dng m ASCII trong RAM ni, di 20 byte, bt u t a ch 50H. Vit CT i cc k t s ny thnh m BCD.Bit rng m ASCII ca cc k t s l t 30H (s 0) n 39H (s 9). S dng lnh nhy c iu kin 2.57 Cho mt chui d liu di dng s c du trong RAM ngoi, di 100 byte, bt u t a ch 0100H. Vit CT ln lt xut cc d liu trong chui ra Port 1 nu l s dng (xem s 0 l dng) v xut ra Port 2 nu l s m. 2.58 Cho mt chui d liu di dng s c du trong RAM ngoi, bt u t a ch 0100H v kt thc bng s 0. Vit CT ln lt xut cc d liu trong chui ra Port 1 nu l s dng v xut ra Port 2 nu l s m. 2.59 Cho mt chui d liu di dng s khng du trong RAM ngoi, bt u t a ch 0100H v di chui l ni dung nh 00FFH. Vit CT m s s chn (chia ht cho 2) c trong chui v ct vo nh 00FEH. 2.60 Cho mt chui d liu di dng s khng du trong RAM ngoi, bt u t a ch 0100H v di chui l ni dung nh 00FFH. Vit CT ghi cc s chn (xem s 0 l s chn) c trong chui vo RAM ni bt u t a ch 30H cho n khi gp s l th dng. 2.61 Vit CT con c nhim v ly 1 byte t 1 chui data gm 20 byte ct trong Ram ngoi bt u t a ch 2000H v xut ra Port1. Mi ln gi CT con ch xut 1 byte, ln gi k th xut byte k tip, ln gi th 21 th li xut byte u, ...

3.10 Vit CT dng Timer iu khin n giao thng ti mt giao l. Cho bit rng:

n sng khi bit iu khin bng 0. 4. SERIAL PORT 4.1 Vit CT c 1 chui data cha trong RAM ni t a ch 30H n 50H v xut ra 1 thit b (v d nh mn hnh tinh th lng LCD) c ni vi port ni tip ca 8051 (ch UART 8 bit, 2400 baud). Cho Xtal 11,059 MHz.

4.2 Vit CT nhn 1 chui data t 1 thit b ngoi (v d nh my c m vch) ni vi 8051 qua port ni tip (ch UART 8 bit, 4800 baud) v ghi data vo RAM ni t a ch 40H. Bit rng chui data gm 20 byte v Xtal 11,059MHz. 4.3 Vit CT ly 1 chui data cha trong RAM ngoi bt u t a ch 2000H v xut ra 1 thit b c ni vi port ni tip ca 8051 (ch UART 8 bit, 1200 baud). Chui kt thc bi k t EOT(c m ASCII l 04H) v k t ny cng c xut ra (Xtal 11,059 MHz). 4.4 Lm li bi 4.3 nhng khng xut k t EOT. 4.5 Vit CT nhn 1 chui data t 1 thit b ngoi ni vi 8051 qua port ni tip (ch UART 8 bit,9600 baud) v ghi data vo RAM ngoi bt u t a ch 4000H. Chui data bt u bng k t STX (02H) v kt thc bng k t ETX (03H). Khng ghi 2 k t ny vo RAM. Cho Xtal 11,059MHz. 4.6 Vit CT con mang tn XUAT c nhim v ly 1 chui data cha trong RAM ngoi xut ra port ni tip ch UART 9 bit. Bit th 9 l bit parity chn. Chui data kt thc bng k t null (00H). CT gi CT con XUAT s t a ch bt u ca chui vo DPTR trc khi gi CT con XUAT. Gi s port ni tip c khi ng. 4.7 Vit CT con mang tn NHAP c nhim v nhp 1 chui data gm 30 byte t port ni tip ch UART 9 bit, bit th 9 l bit parity l. Nu data nhn c khng b li th ghi vo 1 vng nh ca RAM ni, nu b li th khng ghi. CT gi CT con NHAP s t a ch u ca vng nh vo thanh ghi R0 trc khi gi CT con NHAP. Gi s port ni tip c khi ng. 5. INTERRUPT 5.1 Vit CT dng ngt Timer to sng vung f=2KHz ti P1.7. (Xtal 12MHz). 5.2 Vit CT dng ngt Timer to sng vung f=200Hz ti P1.6. (Xtal 12MHz). 5.3 Vit CT dng ngt Timer to ng thi 2 sng vung 1KHz v 50Hz ti P1.0 v P1.1. (Xtal6MHz) 5.4 Vit CT ly 1 chui data cha trong Ram ngoi bt u t a ch 6200H n a ch 62FFH v xut ra Port1, mi ln xut cch nhau 50ms. S dng ngt Timer. Xtal 12MHz. 5.5 Vit CT nhp data t thit b ngoi kt ni vi 8051 qua Port1, mi ln nhp cch nhau 5s, data nhp v c ghi vo vng Ram ni bt u t a ch 50H n a ch 5FH. Bit rng sau khi ghi vo nh cui cng th tr li ghi vo nh u.S dng ngt Timer. Xtal 12MHz. 5.6 Vit CT pht lin tc chui s t 0 n 9 ra port ni tip theo ch UART 8 bit, 2400 baud. S dng ngt serial. Xtal 12MHz. 5.7 Vit CT ch nhn data t 1 thit b ngoi gi n 8051 qua port ni tip (ch UART 8 bit,19200 baud). Nu nhn c k t STX (02H) th bt sng LED, nu nhn c k t ETX (03H) th tt LED, bit rng LED c iu khin bng ng P1.3 (LED sng khi bit iu khin bng 1). S dng ngt serial. Xtal 11,059MHz. 5.8 Vit CT ch nhn 1 xung cnh xung a vo chn /INT0 (P3.2), khi c xung th nhp data t Port1 v pht ra port ni tip ch UART 9 bit 4800 baud, bit th 9 l bit parity l. Xtal 6MHz. 5.9 Vit CT m s xung a vo chn /INT1 (P3.3) v iu khin relay thng qua chn P3.0 (relay ng khi P3.0 bng 1), ct s m vo nh 40H ca Ram ni, nu s m cha n 100 th ng relay, nu s m t 100 th ngt relay.